Commercial diving magazine

The Official Publication of the Association of Diving Contractors International

nderWater

July/August 2010

Women in the

Commercial Diving Industry PIONEERS, TRAINING, WORKING AND MEDICAL CONSIDERATIONS

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COVER IMAGE COURTESY MINNESOTA SCHOOL OF DIVING

INSIDE

JULY • AUGUST 2010 VOLUME XXII, NUMBER IV

The official publication of the Association of Diving Contractors International

FEATURES 14 In a League of Their Own Three commercial divers stand out in Women Divers Hall of Fame 18 Small Steps Forward Slowly, women are building a presence at diving companies 26 ‘We’re Looking for a Few Good Women’ Diving schools still struggle to attract women candidates 30 Doctor’s Orders: Dive In Experts say women divers face minimal additional health risks 36 Renewable Futures The emerging offshore wind market and what it means for diving contractors 44 MDSU-1 Sailors Reflect on Humanitarian Mission in Haiti 46 Sidescan Survey in Record Time With Focus-2 Vehicle

DEPARTMENTS 8 Board of Directors 11 President’s Message Bill Crowley

12 Executive Director’s Message Phil Newsum

50 New Gear 56 Advertisers Index 57 ADCI Member Company Listings

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newGear To contribute articles and photography to UnderWater magazine, please contact Sean Garrity at 800-369-6220 ext 3442 or sgarrity@naylor.com.

Subscribe to UnderWater magazine at www.underwatermagazine.com.

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BOARD OF DIRECTORS & OFFICERS

President Bill Crowley

1st Vice President Mike Brown

2nd Vice President Craig Fortenbery

Cal Dive International General Member, BOD

EPIC Divers and Marine General Member, BOD Gulf Coast Chapter Chairman

Mainstream Commercial Divers General Member, BOD

Robbie Mistretta Treasurer

Tim Beaver

8

Claudio Castro STS Chilean Chapter Chairman

Global Divers & Salvage General Member, BOD Executive Committee

Divers Supply Inc. Associate Member, BOD Executive Committee

ADCI Executive Director Phil Newsum Executive Committee International Representative

Executive Committee

Jay Crofton

Mike Willis

David Reser

Jack Vilas

Connie Morgan

Crofton Diving Corp.

General Member, BOD

Global Industries Ltd. General Member, BOD

Infrastructure Engineers, Inc. General Member, BOD

Jack Vilas and Associates Associate Member, BOD

Kirby Morgan Dive Systems International Associate Member, BOD

Gary Maines

Bruce Trader

Bryan Nicholls

William Castle

Douglas Truxillo, Esq.

Broco, Inc. Associate Member, BOD

Madcon Corporation General Member, BOD

Neptune Underwater Services (USA), LLC General Member, BOD

W. J. Castle, P.E. and Associates PC General Member, BOD East Coast Chapter Chairman

Onebane, Bernard, et al Legal Advisor

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Tom Ulrich

Luis Giampietri Ramos

Rich Riley

Randy Davis

American Marine Western Chapter Chairman

Lufesa Divers S.C.R.L. Latin American and Carribean Chapter Chairman

Marion Hill Associates, Inc. Midwest Chapter Chairman

Borneo Subsea, Malaysia Asia-PaciďŹ c Chapter

JULY/AUGUST 2010

nderWater

THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ASSOCIATION OF DIVING CONTRACTORS INTERNATIONAL July • August 2010 Volume XXII, Number IV

Published for ASSOCIATION OF DIVING CONTRACTORS INTERNATIONAL 5206 FM 1960 W. Suite 202 Houston, TX 77069 281-893-8388, Fax 281-893-5118 www.adc-int.org Published by Naylor, LLC 5950 NW 1st Place, Gainesville, FL 32607 800-369-6220, Fax: 352-331-3525 www.naylor.com Publisher: Kathleen Gardner Executive Editorial Committee: Bill Crowley, bcrowley@caldive.com Phil Newsum, pnewsum@adc-int.org Rebecca Roberts, rroberts@adc-int.org Managing Editor: Sean Garrity sgarrity@naylor.com Project Manager: Jason Dolder Advertising Sales Director: Jamie Williams Marketing Associate: Rebecca Wentworth Account Representatives: Jeff Bunkin, Krys D’Antonio, Shaun Greyling, Chris Zabel Layout and Design: Catharine Snell Advertising Art: Jean-Baptiste Bonnelame UnderWater magazine (USPS 010-562) (ISSN 10726098) is published bi-monthly by Naylor, LLC, 5950 NW 1st Place, Gainesville, FL 32607, on behalf of the Association of Diving Contractors International, Inc, 5206 FM 1960 W, Suite 202, Houston, TX 77069. Periodical Postage paid at Gainesville, FL and at additional mailing offices.

Postmaster: Send address changes to UnderWater magazine, c/o Naylor, LLC 5950 NW 1st Place, Gainesville, FL 32607.

©2010 Naylor, LLC. All rights reserved. The contents of this publication may not be reproduced by any means, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of the publisher.

Published June 2010 ADC-S0410/9253

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JULY/AUGUST 2010

A MESSAGE FROM THE ADCI PRESIDENT ■ BILL CROWLEY

Women in Diving A CURIOSITY WHEN I FIRST started in diving, an interesting topic for discussion while on breaks, not as rare as the first decade of the 21st century comes to an end, as I am writing this the company I work for Cal Dive International has a woman in saturation. Also, throughout the offshore fleet, we have female Tenders, Life Support Technicians, a Vessel Captain and a Saturation Technician. I am sure this is the same or similar in other diving companies. I am a proponent of the idea for many reasons, but let me state a personal obvious truth: it is just nice having women on the job.

The majority of the women I have met in the commercial diving field were ex-military or post diving school entry level diver/tenders who had been the field for about a year or two. They impressed me with the basic knowledge and attention to details like the meticulously coiled hoses and the ship shape dive stations. They struggle on a daily basis to not only make the grade, but to excel in the commercial diving world. And, the ones (male and female) that are still working in the industry have the same attributes in common: they were focused, determined and competitive. Regardless of gender, all entry level divers/tenders face a difficult first few years in the work force while they learn the craft and hone the required skills.

Experience and how an entry level diver/tender conducts him or herself on the deck or dive site is the preamble to when the company paying you decides to put you in the water or handle your own shift. If, like most in this field, you are living the dream and your heart is in it, a lifetime of diving isn’t such a bad thing. “If you are earning your living doing what you love, you will never really work a day in your life.” (Someone who lived it said that.) If your heart is not really into the life and struggle, the motivation is faulty and the dream goes away. I am thankful the diving profession found me and I found diving as a young man. Stay focused, it is worth it.

The blowout disaster in the Gulf and the massive media blitz surrounding the unfortunate “Deep Water Horizon“explosion, fire and resulting ‘spill’ have been an eye opener for the industry as well as the general public. We will get through this and the industry will be better for it.

The ADCI has been busy sending Safety Notices to help inform and share operational safety advice and information surrounding the blowout and the resulting leaking oil and gas. We are committed to inform, educate and share knowledge throughout the duration of this event.

Take the high road, be safe and always do the right thing.

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A MESSAGE FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR ■ PHIL NEWSUM

THIS ISSUE OF UNDERWATER MAGAZINE focuses on Women in the Commercial Diving Industry. It is my hope that every sector of the underwater industry fosters and embraces the importance of diversity in the workplace.

Much has transpired in the offshore sector of our industry, especially in the Gulf of Mexico. With the disaster of the Deepwater Horizon Spill come new challenges for both contractors and operators. Like Katrina and Rita, our industry will discover new ways to address obstacles that have not been experienced to date. The Deepwater Horizon Spill has brought new meaning to the term “Lessons Learned.” The one most glaring issue that will need to be examined when we look back and evaluate the response to the spill is the lack of centralized communication available for both contractors and operators.

I expressed my concern to the United States Coast Guard on this point, and they understood the disconnect between those that possess the necessary real time information and those that require it, before they deploy for operations. In all fairness to the Coast Guard, like everyone else, they, too, have not experienced a situation such as this. “Lessons Learned” extends to all parties who make their living on the waters of the Gulf of Mexico, USCG included.

For this Association, it means finding new ways to assist its members in getting real time information and publicizing those recommended guidelines that will allow them to still conduct operations in a safe and efficient manner. There was no more frustrating of an experience by this office than the inability to provide contractors with the information that they needed to safely deploy for operations. Within days after the sinking of the Deepwater Horizon and the subsequent spill that ensued, contractors were in a virtual state of suspended operations. Jobs set to go out were literally put on hold because of the unknowns associated with the spill. What specific areas were affected? What areas are either restricted or recommended for vessel travel? Is it safe to dive in an assigned area for work? When combined with hydrocarbons and seawater, what hazards do the dispersants being deployed have on personnel conducting underwater operations? These were just a few of the questions that were posed by members, which this office had no immediate response to. It’s situations like this that require all parties to view things through a clear lens. All of the contractors that I have had direct contact with reinforced such things as “Stop Work” authority with their personnel and took the necessary time and effort to examine the safest ways to approach operations.

Greater attention was given to: • Evaluation of site plans for dealing with a contaminated diver • Evaluation of whether five minute surface intervals can be met, if diving Sur ‘D’ O2 • Possibly limiting dives to “No Decompression” • The need for hydrocarbon monitors in saturation diving bells • The need for a dedicated decontamination/wash down station on vessels for surfacing divers As the effects of the spill impact us in the months and years to come, there will also be new challenges and issues facing contractors. One major item will be mitigating the hazards of divers working on bottom, after all of the oil has settled on and below the mud line. One very important dynamic that is very reassuring is the understanding on the part of contractors to openly share incidents and best practices. For our industry to progress in a positive direction, we need to continue to reinforce the culture of safety first and profit second.

Be safe.

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pioneers

In a League of Their Own Three commercial divers stand out in Women Divers Hall of Fame THERE’S A GROUP OF WOMEN divers who share an achievement that’s so rare that it could be compared to the most exclusive clubs in the world of sports, such as baseball players with 600 career home runs and running backs with 2,000 rushing yards in a season.

Norma Hanson, Dolores E. Fisher and Tamara Brown are the only three commercial divers to be inducted into the Women Divers Hall of Fame, an organization based in New York City that is celebrating its 10th anniversary in 2010.

The Hall of Fame has published a booklet honoring its 176 inductees from all over the world, women who have made a mark in virtually every category of diving. The Hall of Fame recognizes women in many areas, such as underwater filmmaking and photography, wreck diving, cave diving, scuba-industry leaders, military divers, research scientists, instructors, marine scientists and conservationists and underwater archaeologists. Even underwater hockey players get their due.

But in the world of commercial diving, Hanson, Fisher and Brown stand alone.

Norma Hanson Hanson began hard-hat diving in 1949, according to the Women Divers Hall of Fame, working in both the commercial abalone and underwater construction industries. By 1957, she’d made more than 4,000 dives in heavy gear and was the second woman to join Hard hat diver Norma Hanson.

California’s Piledrivers, Bridge and Dockworkers Union Local 2375.

Hanson set the women’s world depth record for diving on air at 220 feet in the 1950s and performed for the glass-bottom-boat shows at Santa Catalina Island in California. One of the most intriguing stories Hanson often told involved a surprise visitor at one of those shows. As the divers got into position, Hanson’s husband, Alfred, saw a great white shark and warned the line tender on the boat. He in turn relayed the message down the line to Norma.

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“I look down and here’s this great white shark coming up with its mouth wide open, row after row after row of teeth,” she was quoted as saying by the Women Divers Hall of Fame. “I was just in position where I could kick it in the nose. I gave it a hard kick, and it veered off. Of course, my line tender pulled me right up. I was so frightened, I couldn’t stand up. I had super-deluxe rubber legs.”

About half an hour later, Norma was back in the water for another show. She realized later that she should have suspected trouble when she noticed the absence of the hundreds of little fish that showed up daily to be fed. “The funny part was, some of the people on the glass-bottom boat saw the whole thing, and they thought we had a trained shark,” she said. “We heard they wanted to take the trip again so they could take pictures of it.”

In her 50 years as a commercial diver, she served as foreman and tender on pile-wrapping and harbor-maintenance jobs, did harbor inspections and traveled the world training commercial divers, the Hall of Fame said. She and her husband wrote “More Than Nine Lives,” chronicling their lives as commercial divers on the West Coast.

They also worked as divers and consultants for Walt Disney Studios, where they worked on movies such as “20000 Leagues Under the Sea.” They retired from the industry as chief divers for the Port of Los Angeles in 1988.

Leslie Leaney, the founder of the Santa Maria, Calif.-based Historical Diving Society USA, counted the late Norma Hanson among his personal friends.

“Norma Hanson was a bona-fide, card-carrying union member with many more hours underwater than a lot of the men,” Leaney said. “She operated post World War II out of Southern California and garnered lots of press because of her unusual status and employment. I knew her in her later years. She was not the macho, hardnosed woman I expected. She had an elegance and a softness that was disarming. She was like a favorite aunt, but wearing clothes with diving-helmet motifs on them.” (Women’s Equipment Test Team)

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pioneers Last breath of fresh air is gulped by Dolores Fisher before a practice run at underwater endurance record. Mrs. Fisher ended up breaking the record with a time of 55 hours and 37 minutes. Image courtesy Women Divers Hall of Fame.

Flier for “Aloha Days,” the event where Mrs. Fisher would break the underwater endurance record.

Dolores E. Fisher In 1953, Fisher fell in love with both her husband, Mel, and the ocean, according to the Women Divers Hall of Fame. The native of Montana was a stranger to the ocean, but on the couple’s honeymoon, they went diving to explore shipwrecks off the Florida Keys. They planned to open a store devoted exclusively to diving, and to raise money for the endeavor, they dove commercially for lobster in the frigid waters off California.

The grueling but lucrative work paid off when they opened Mel’s Aqua Shop in Redondo Beach, Calif., the world’s first “dive shop,” according to the Women Divers Hall of Fame. The Fishers, who are now deceased, trained more than 65,000 students in scuba diving. But more impressively, Dolores, nicknamed “Deo,” set a world underwater endurance record at 55 hours and 37 minutes that still stands today, the Hall of Fame said.

In 1963, the Fishers and their four children moved to Florida to begin treasure hunting off the Treasure Coast, and they later moved to the Florida Keys. On July 20, 1985, they made the find that would earn them fame and define their careers, locating the sunken Nuestra Senora de Atocha ship, with more than 40 tons of silver and gold worth an estimated $450 million.

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UnderWater Und U Un nd n der erW e r rW rWate Wat at ate te er

JULY/AUGUST JJU JUL ULLY/A U Y//A AUG UGUST UGU ST 2201 2010 0 0

Tamara Brown Brown started commercial diving at the age of 18 under the direction of her father, her, William Brown, who founded the Divers vers Academy International school in Erial, N.J., in 1977. According to the Women Divers Hall of Fame, William Brown was fond of saying, ying, “Just do it. Time is money, and we have no o time to waste.”

Brown became the director of Divers Academy cademy International in 1990, and in 2006, she purchased rchased 100 percent of the company, one of the largest commercial diving schools in the United d States, from her family. She moved the school into to a new, state-of-the art training facility in a 60-foot-deep, oot-deep, 40-acre dive quarry with a large administration nistration building. She serves as president of the company, which is based near Atlantic City.

“Commercial diving has been a rewarding arding and challenging career as a woman in a very demanding industry,” Brown told the Women Divers Hall of Fame.

“Respect was earned, not given, but well ll worth the challenge. Every commercial dive is exciting, ng, and being able to work with some high-tech equipment ment to inspect p bridges, install fiber-optic cables and working king on oil rigs is really awesome. Some of the biggest challenges as a woman have been gaining acceptance and respect from a tough crew of men. But if you keep doing the right thing, it all comes together, and that is by far easier sier compared to diving in the Delaware River.”

Brown also is president of the Association on of Commercial Diving Educators and chairwoman of the committee that wrote and published the American National Standards Institute/ACDE commercial diving certification standards.

“She was one of the earliest commercial divers, and now she runs a commercial dive school, so it’s kind of amazing that she’s now instrumental in training commercial divers,” said Bobbie Scholley, a retired Navy diver and the president of the Women Divers Hall of Fame. “She’s not only showing young women that it’s possible to be out there doing it, but that you can also make a career out of it and become somebody who makes a difference in the commercial dive world. She’s highly respected in the commercial world, which is a tough world to be in, and is really setting a standard.”

Scholley and her group have set a goal of ensuring that Hanson, Fisher and Brown eventually have plenty of company as commercial divers in the Hall of Fame. The organization provides scholarships and training grants to young women in a variety of diving disciplines each year. Thirteen women divers

Tamara Brown, President of Divers Academy International and Association of Commercial Diving Educators. d

received scholarships and grants at the Women Divers Hall of Fame’s annual meeting in March.

“We keep seeing an increase in the number of women who are applying for these scholarship and training grants,” Scholley said, “and we’re also seeing a really significant increase in the talent that these young women are bringing into the diving industry. A lot of us have been successful in our careers, and we want to give back and nurture the next generation of women divers so we continue doing all this good stuff in the underwater world.

“When you look at our book, our commercial-diving section is still pretty small when it comes to actually working in the commercial world, but then you also look at all the others who kind of support the commercial world, like the divingequipment areas. Some of the women have taken on divingequipment companies and are now running them. That’s pretty impressive as well.” www.adc-int.org ■ www.underwatermagazine.com

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steps

Small Steps Forward Slowly, women are building a presence at diving companies WHEN LIZ VAZQUEZ APPLIES IN-PERSON for a job as a diver, she really needn’t bother writing her name on the application. Though the commercial diving industry is more open to women now than ever before, women divers still share something in common with four-leaf clovers and professional basketball stars under six feet tall: They do exist but are hard to find.

So, if there’s a woman diver in Virginia looking for a job, companies know it’s probably Vazquez. A certified commercial diver since 2008, Vazquez has worked for three companies as an inland diver doing bridgework and construction, and she’s spending the summer in Australia for a fourth firm. She said the company received 90 applications for the overseas project, and she was the only woman who applied.

Based on her past experiences, that came as no surprise.

“When I went to fill out an application at a big company here, they knew who I was before I even got to talking,” Vazquez said. “They’ve heard of me here in Virginia. They call me ‘the girl diver.’”

Vazquez said that when she first started working in the industry, she didn’t know how rare women divers were, but her boss at a small company told her she was the only one in Virginia. She thought she might run into another female diver when she went to a bigger company, but that wasn’t the case.

“When I’d go to work for other companies, as soon as I set foot on the barge, they’d say, ‘Oh, there’s a girl diver,’ and I’d say, ‘So, what’s the big deal?’ And they’d say, ‘You’re the first one I’ve met.’ At first, I thought they were pulling my leg, but they weren’t.”

Many diving companies have a handful of women divers and crewmembers, but the industry largely remains a man’s world. Timothy Beaver, the CEO of Global Diving and Salvage Inc., said his company has about 100 active divers, including three women. He said that although the industry historically has been slow to embrace women, it is starting to come around.

Stephanie Stone is a Diving Shift Supervisor for Ballard Diving & Salvage. She is working long hours this year in the specialized Tunnel Support division. Her current assignment takes her underground in Seattle to support Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs) working on the city’s water infrastructure. Image courtesy Ballard Diving & Salvage.

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Self portrait Eugine Island 333-B, wet welding job.

Image courtesy Global Industries.

Working on deck, Orion.

Image courtesy Global Industries.

Tiffany Cartier â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Image courtesy Global Diving and Salvage.

Engineer Diver, Kendra Bolon, PE, after diving in a culvert at Lake Okeechobee, Florida. Image courtesy Infrastructure Engineers, Inc.

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steps Norfolk, Virginia, Elizabeth River – pipe replacement job.

Image courtesy L. Vazquez.

you this: Some very good divers that I have met in my career have been women. I’ve known some that were very good at specialty work, like underwater welding, and I’ve known some very good construction divers who were women and have been able to withstand the environment of being around all males on a boat and the physical demands associated with the actual in-water work that divers do.

“It takes a rare individual that can do it, but it’s definitely becoming more and more accessible to women. Not long ago, it was unheard of to have women in saturation, and now there are females who do that kind of diving.”

Tiffany Cartier is a certified commercial diver but usually works offshore as a tender and life-support technician for Global Diving and Salvage Inc. She said she’s the only woman on her crew and usually has her own room and restroom while at sea.

As a former manager at an auto-body shop, Cartier said she was already familiar with working in a male-dominated industry when she first became a diver. And although some women might feel uncomfortable living at sea with men for a month or more, it doesn’t bother her one bit.

RT 95 Bridge job in Richmond Virginia.

Pile jacketing job reinforcement of piles on bridge. Image courtesy L. Vazquez.

“I think the industry is more open,” Beaver said. “There may have been some open hostility in the past, but I think we live in different times. Now, it’s just a matter of whether the person can perform. The diving business is very performance-oriented, and it’s pretty rigorous physically and mentally, so not all people, male or female, are cut out for that type of work. And clearly, for whatever reason, fewer women choose to go into the profession to start with.”

Mike Willis, Global Industries Ltd.’s director of diving for the Gulf of Mexico region, said his company has one woman working offshore as a diving tender and another as a diver, though the company has had as many as six women divers at a time. He said the physical demands of diving sometimes lead women divers to seek roles as support staff, such as life-support technicians.

“They’ve found other venues that still keep them in the industry but not necessarily in the water,” Willis said. “But I can tell 20

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steps Diving off of the Sea Lion, RIP. Image courtesy Global Industries.

Self portrait in the wet welding tank.

Image courtesy Global Industries.

“It’s great,” she said. “The guys treat me really well. Some of the guys aren’t used to it, but the crew that I work with, they’re all used to me because I’ve been working with them for three years, so they all know me.

It’s not really an issue.

“They’re a little bit rougher than average guys. You can’t get insulted by a comment or by what they’re talking about. That’s the only thing that I would say would be a concern for a woman – if your feelings get hurt really easily or sexual innuendos make you upset. But for the most part, they’re just a group of hardworking guys. They’re all absolutely friendly to me. We’re all family. It’s like having a bunch of brothers.”

Bill Matthies, who runs Minnesota Commercial Diver Training Center, said he tried to discourage one of his star pupils, Amanda White, from working offshore with a male crew. White later told him that the experience was great and that her co-workers treated her like a sister.

She said the crew made her prove herself, and she was happy to oblige.

“She said that they might give her a tough job to do, like hauling a big, heavy umbilical up a ladder to a second deck,” he said. “She knew she wasn’t physically strong enough to do it, but she tried. She wouldn’t give up, and finally they came and helped her. And she said they just wanted to see how hard she would work at any job they gave her and if she’d say, ‘Oh, I can’t do that.’ She was strong, and she was strong-willed.”

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Practicing wet welding. Image courtesy Global Industries.

Sometimes, however, women have a reason to be wary of such situations. Vazquez said she’s had a positive experience at two of the three companies she’s work for, but at one, the mistreatment got so bad that she ultimately chose to leave, but not before gaining valuable experience that made her marketable to other companies.

“It was pretty much right-out discrimination because I was a female – not letting me do the work,” Vazquez said. “There were male divers who were put in the water and taken out because they couldn’t finish. I could do it, but I didn’t get the opportunity.”

Vazquez said she eventually got a chance to dive when the weather was cold and male divers didn’t want to get in, but her solid performance only made things worse for her. “They were sabotaging me so I couldn’t finish the work – misplacing tools, not giving me the right equipment – things that were kind of dangerous. I just couldn’t believe it.”

Beaver said many women are finding it easier to work with all-male crews because newer, large vessels often have separate restrooms and living areas for women and men. But when working on smaller vessels and on projects in remote areas, the facilities sometimes are less than ideal.

“I could see why some women and men might not want to be thrown into that kind of situation, where privacy is limited,” he said. “But generally, people find ways to accommodate. In today’s world, it’s not difficult to combine crews and have everybody be happy.”

Cartier and Vazquez said they’re able to perform the same tasks as men but sometimes have to find creative ways of doing them. “Women have less upper-body strength than men, so we usually have to think about things a little bit more before we do them,” Cartier said. “We have to work a little bit smarter instead of harder.”

Cartier said there isn’t much the diving industry can do to attract more women. “It takes a special kind of female,” she said.

“I don’t think there’s anything that can be done, really, to make it more female-orientated. You have to be a special kind of girl.”

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steps

Diving off of the Jackfish, Bay Marchand.

Image courtesy Global Industries.

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Willis said the best thing the industry can do for women is to simply give them a chance when they apply for work. “If they come through our door looking for work, there’s definitely not any kind of discrimination against that. There’s nothing really special that we’re doing outside of supporting them, endorsing them and certainly celebrating their achievements, as we do with every other diver.”

When asked why so few women enter the industry, Beaver joked, “Maybe women are just smarter than men and aren’t willing to go work that hard, work underwater, be cold, muddy and dirty. It takes a special kind of guy to enjoy the diving industry, and it certainly takes an extraordinary woman to enjoy the sort of work style that’s involved in diving.

But frankly, I don’t think it boils down to a sexism issue. It’s just the kind of work that it is.

“Any male-dominated business is going to have some roadblocks put out there, either consciously or unconsciously, by that dominant male culture, but it’s the employer’s job to do their best to keep those from becoming a factor and to work toward a more diverse workplace. Any company that’s successful has got to be progressive on that front and work toward that diversity, because in the end, it does make for a stronger company.”

5/5/10 2:12:05 PM

candidates

‘We’re Looking for a Few Good Women’ Diving schools still struggle to attract women candidates WE LIKELY NEVER WILL KNOW which came first, the chicken or the egg, but this much is certain: If more women are going to become certified commercial divers, there first have to be more women taking the plunge at diving schools. Instructors at diving schools across North America said they would like to see more women candidates enroll, but at present, few women seem interested.

Dav id H. Weisman, t he executive director of t he Jacksonville, Fla.-based Commercial Diving Academy, said his school graduates about 260 students per year. In 2008, six women graduated from his school, but that number dipped to just two in 2009. So far this year, one woman has graduated from the 20-week program, and one more began attending the

Push-ups at the Commercial Diving Academy.

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school in the spring. The percentage of women candidates at his school is so low that Weisman termed it “infinitesimal.”

“At our school, it’s definitely not going up,” he said. “At best, it’s 1 to 2 percent. We do everything we can to recruit equally. In fact, we make sure on our Web site that we show women who have been through the program so that we make it clear that it’s available to anyone who’s interested, but we still don’t get that many.”

Some school executives, such as Bill Matthies, who runs the Minnesota Commercial Diver Training Center in Brainerd, are seeing the number of women candidates shrink. His eightweek program draws 38-48 students per year, and over the last few years, not a single woman candidate has enrolled.

Image courtesy Minnesota School of Diving.

Image courtesy Minnesota School of Diving.

“I think it’s fading,” Matthies said. “I do have one scheduled to come in this year, but I haven’t had a women in our class for the last two years. We started in 1993, and we didn’t have any in the beginning, but around 2000 to 2005, I would say we had three in a short period of time, and then there was a long gap.”

Diving schools across the country report similar numbers. Sergio Smith, the CEO of the North Charleston, S.C.-based International Diving Institute, said the school typically graduates 36 divers per year, but during the school’s five years in business, only five of its students have been women. Similarly, John Paul Johnston of the Seattle-based Divers Institute of Technology, said he had five women Image courtesy Minnesota School of Diving.

www.adc-int.org ■ www.underwater.com

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candidates candidates on campus during the spring, but that represented just 5 percent of the student body.

The trend even extends north of the border. Steven White, the course coordinator and dive supervisor at Holland College Commercial Diving in Georgetown, Prince Edward Island, said his school has graduated about a hundred students over the last seven years, and only three were women.

Diving-school executives across the country emphasized that the success rates for women candidates at their schools are no different from those of men, and women are expected to perform every assignment that the men are, bar none. In a traditionally male-dominated industry where women often feel pressure to prove themselves, determined female candidates wouldn’t want it any other way.

“We have not had a single woman fail to complete the program,” Weisman said. “They’ve all been a success. They are required to do every single thing the men do. Our school requires physical training every day, and we allow them to do female-style push-ups instead of male-style pushups, and generally, the girls try to do the male-style push-ups.”

“They do everything,” Smith said. “If they want to attend the program, they have to attend the program the way it’s set up. We can’t deviate or change anything. The only difference is we have a ladies’ locker room and a men’s locker room – that’s it.”

Training at the Commercial Diving Academy.

Matthies said most women candidates expect to be treated the same as men and quickly earn the respect of their fellow students. He said one of his best female candidates was a 95-pound diver who quickly showed that she didn’t need a helping hand.

“She was a little, tiny gal from Washington state, and no way had you better offer to help her,” Matthies said. “She was going to do it, and it didn’t matter what. She did it all, and I was so impressed with her because she had the determination. She was going to do everything the men did, and she did, and they’re all 200 pounds or better.”

Diving-school executives said they would like to have more women candidates attend their schools, though none has put together an advertising campaign targeting women – or any one group, for that matter. Since being a certified commercial diver is a demanding job, the most serious candidates, regardless of gender, take the initiative to find a school, rather than the school finding the students.

“We don’t do any outreach marketing at all,” Weisman said.

“If you want to come to our school, you have to know you want to be a diver and find us. Then, once you find our Web site, we try to make it clear that women have gone through the program, are in the program and are welcome in the program.”

One of the reasons diving schools would like to attract more women candidates is because, whether it’s grade-school kickball or saturation diving, it seems that no guy likes being shown up by a girl. Weisman said that when there is a woman candidate in a class, especially one who is determined and in tip-top physical condition, the male students typically feel pressured to work just a bit harder.

“We’ve had some women go through the program that are just superior, spectacular divers,” he said. “They’re fit, and they’re qualified, and when you get a woman like that going through the program, it’s a really good thing for the school. It brings everybody’s level up, so we more than welcome women into the program, and I would like to get more in.”

“The women tend to pay a little bit more attention to detail, and it’s an experience when you have young ladies and men in

Training at the Commercial Diving Academy.

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Deidre “Deedee” Ryals, Columbus, MS. Now an LST with Epic, she graduated from the Commercial Diving Academy in 2006. Image courtesy Commercial Diving Academy.

Avrey Wilson, Nassau, Bahamas. Now a medic with Epic, she graduated from the Commercial Diving Academy in 2008.

Tammy Fertig, Woodruff, SC, graduated from the Commercial Diving Academy in 2006. Image courtesy Commercial Diving Academy.

a class,” Smith said. “It’s not really competition, but you can see that the level of knowledge that’s retained by everybody, for some reason, is a lot better.”

Johnston said one of the reasons some diving schools don’t do more to attract women is because it can be harder to place them in jobs after they graduate, partly because some diving companies don’t have new vessels that include separate bathrooms and living areas for men and women.

“A dive school is rated on its ability to place its students, and it’s just a little bit harder to place women,” Johnston said. “The offshore companies, their ships have to be set up to have women crew members because they’re going offshore for several weeks at a time. You have to find a company that’s set up to accomodate women. However, that said, so far, our women graduates have been very successful.”

“The opportunities for women are probably more limited in terms of companies wanting to hire them,” Weisman said. “You have to be able to accommodate a woman offshore, and yes, companies have to legally, but how willing are they to do that? These boats weren’t set up for different genders, and there are a lot of issues. Some companies do all-female dive teams, and that makes a lot of sense.”

Weisman said one of the main reasons so few women attend diving school is the same reason many men aren’t cut out for it: The job requires physical exertion, and it takes a special kind of person, male or female, to work that hard.

“It’s such a difficult physical job that it really doesn’t lend itself to the typical female pursuing it, so there’s less interest,” he said. “It’s very difficult work. You need upper-body strength, and that’s one of the weaknesses that we see when we get women in the program. Some of them are more than capable, but some of them don’t have the upper-body strength that’s really required to get out of the water with a hundred pounds of gear on in a moving sea state and get onto the boat.”

Though physical strength is important, White said smart divers, male or female, can use their brains to make up for a lack of size.

“I haven’t found that you really need to be that strong,” he said. “I work with some really small guys, and they can use the water to their advantage. And in our program, we do a threemile run every morning, and the girls are right there running at the front of the pack and, in fact, showing up a lot of the guys.”

Despite that strong showing, White said women – and men – shouldn’t think it’s easy to live on a boat in tight quarters with a group of guys for weeks on end.

“It takes a tough guy to make it, let alone a woman,” he said.

“You really have to have a thick skin in the industry to keep at it, so I think for women, it’s even tougher. I wouldn’t really recommend it, but maybe if you tell somebody that, then they want it even more.” www.adc-int.org ■ www.underwatermagazine.com

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medicine

Doctor’s Orders: Dive In Experts say women divers face minimal additional health risks SOME MYTHS DIE HARD, BUT when it comes to the one about women divers being more prone to decompression sickness than men, leading medical experts are ready to put the final nail in the coffin.

There is no significant difference in the rates of decompression sickness among men and women, according to doctors who specialize in diving medicine. And further, unless a woman diver is pregnant or trying to become pregnant, her job poses almost no additional health risks, medical experts say.

“The primary concerns for female commercial divers in a predominately male environment are more social in nature than medical,” said Dr. Nick Bird, the chief medical officer for Divers Alert Network, a not-for-profit organization that provides emergency medical advice and assistance to divers. “As far as we know, there are no significant gender differences in the way our bodies respond to pressure. There is no data to support an assertion that there is a genderspecific propensity for ill health.”

The decades-old myth about women getting decompression sickness more often than men stemmed from the fact that women typically have a higher body-fat percentage than men, and fat tissue takes longer to offgas after a dive. But by that logic, male divers who have a little extra body fat also should be more prone to decompression sickness, and that isn’t the case.

“Over the years there has been a lot of interest in whether females are at greater or lesser risk of diving-related decompression illness than males,” said Dr. Richard Moon, the medical director at Duke University’s Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Environmental Physiology. “The data do not support a major difference between the genders.

Women are not at greater risk of decompression sickness, arterial gas embolism, oxygen toxicity or diving-related death.”

The good news for women divers is that there is no medical evidence that says they shouldn’t be in the water. But the bad news is that on the issues of diving while pregnant or while taking oral contraceptives, there’s very little medical evidence, period.

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Engineer Diver, Kendra Bolon, PE, after completing an underwater bridge inspection for Arkansas DOT. Image courtesy Infrastructure Engineers, Inc.

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medicine Dr. Maida Beth Taylor, a DAN consultant and a clinical professor at the University of California- San Francisco, said that diving’s effect on a fetus is not known, so the general rule is that women who are pregnant or trying to become pregnant should not dive. Doctors say a fetus shouldn’t be inadvertently exposed to high partial pressures of oxygen or altered mixed-breathing gases.

Since organogenesis, the formation of organs and limbs, begins during the

first few weeks of pregnancy, in theory, a woman diving even in the early stages of pregnancy – when she’s not even aware that she’s pregnant – could be putting her unborn child at risk. But since there are very few studies on the subject, doctors can’t be certain that it’s either safe or unsafe.

“There’s no evidence that diving causes a higher rate of birth defects in women who dived in early pregnancy, but the number of cases that are available

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for scrutiny is so small that you can’t really compute valid statistics,” Taylor said. “Hav ing said that, a woman who suspects that she’s pregnant or becomes pregnant should stop diving immediately.”

In an article entitled “DAN Explores Fitness and Diving Issues for Women,” written for DAN by Taylor, Moon and Dr. Donna M. Uguccioni, the authors say that studies of decompression sickness in animals suggest a higher rate of heart-related birth defects. Therefore, they say women who dive before pregnancy is diagnosed should get a secondtrimester ultrasound focusing on limb and spinal development along with key circulatory structures such as the heart, aorta and pulmonary arteries.

“It is a purely theoretical projection of risk to the fetus,” Taylor said. “We used to get several calls a year from divers who got pregnant asking what they should do. The general recommendation is no diving while pregnant. No chambers anywhere allow inside attendants who are pregnant. If you are pregnant, you are no longer an inside tender.”

Dr. Tony Alleman, who began a fellowship in hyperbaric medicine at Louisiana State University this year and has advised the ADCI on diving medicine, said diving companies should make sure women divers know that they shouldn’t dive while pregnant.

“There aren’t any studies with pregnant divers, and we don’t want to have a study of one, so to speak,” he said.

“The ADCI and every reputable diving textbook I’ve ever read say pregnancy is a contrary indication to diving, and I don’t know of any physician who would ever qualify a pregnant diver.”

The authors of the DAN article also said there is no risk to infants being breast-fed by mothers who dive.

Aside from pregnancy, there are several other minor health concerns for women divers. Moon said that because women are smaller in size than men, they could be at a greater risk of hypothermia if they dive with inadequate thermal protection. And menstruation can be a concern for some women divers.

5/10/10 11:59:56 AM

medicine Alleman said women who experience painful menstruation might have a problem differentiating that from the symptoms of decompression sickness, which could be a cause for concern.

And Taylor said that while women are no more prone to decompression sickness than men, women who experience decompression sickness often do so early in their menstrual cycle.

“There is some clustering of accidents i n t he menst r ua l a nd ea rly

phase of the cycle,” she said. “If you’re a woman who’s menstruating, just dive a little bit more conservatively than you otherwise would. This has shown up in the literature repeatedly that events in women tend to cluster earlier in their cycle, and why that is, nobody really knows.”

According to the DAN article, a study of 956 women divers with decompression sickness found that 38 percent were menstruating at the time of their injury.

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Taylor said medical experts also have speculated that since women who take birth-control pills are somewhat more prone to blood clots, they would have a higher rate of decompression sickness, but there hasn’t been enough data collected to make a determination.

“There’s a theoretical concern about hormonal contraception and the fact that it causes a relative hypercoagulative state – it makes women relatively more prone to blood clots, and the implication there is, will that increase the likelihood of a decompression event? And in the event that a bubble occurs, will there be a higher probability of propagation of a vascular cascade and clotting and an obstruction of blood flow, and will it be harder to treat?”

But Taylor said this is a minimal risk, especially since many women taking birth-control pills are relatively young and have less of a risk of clotting than older women.

Alleman said it’s important that commercial diving companies have their divers – male or female – examined by qualified medical diving experts, who are the only ones capable of determining whether a diver is physically qualified to dive.

But onc e qu a l i f ie d by a do ctor, women divers should be allowed to perform all the tasks of their male counterparts.

“The issues pertinent to the safety of male divers are of equal importance for females,” Moon said. “In addition, the workplace environment should encompass a culture based on performance so that both male and female divers can feel comfortable doing those jobs for which they are particularly skilled.”

“Basically, there’s really no difference in men and women divers other than size and peak power, peak strength,” Taylor said. “Women, because they’re smaller, at the peak of both aerobic and strength training, do not achieve the same output that men do. But trained women vs. untrained men or women of virtually comparable to size to men basically can do anything that a man can do. Given that dictum, they’re far more similar than they are different.”

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UnderWater 35 8/22/09 10:31:13 AM

renewables

Renewable Futures The emerging offshore wind market and what it means for diving contractors

BY JOEL SHAPIRO, RENEWABLE ENERGY BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT MANAGER, NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS

ENERGY HAS FAST BECOME ONE of the most important issues facing our society. Rapid growth in global energy consumption, peak oil and gas supplies, and strong concerns about energy independence and climate change - have all fueled a rapid increase in both the technology innovation and industry adoption of renewable energy.

Renewable energy uses energy sources that are continually replenished by nature, such as the sun, wind, water, the Earth’s heat and plants. Renewable energy technologies turn these natural fuels into usable forms of energy, most often as electricity, but also as heat and mechanical power.

While renewable energy won’t be the only answer to many of the issues previously mentioned, it will certainly play an integral role in addressing a significant portion of them, and it is widely accepted that clean energy will be one of the largest and most important industries of the 21st century.

In terms of size, it’s well on its way already. In 2008 global investment in renewable energy reached $120 billion, a 4X increase from 2004. In 2008 alone, wind energy grew by 29%, grid-tied solar grew by 70%, and largescale utility PV power plants tripled. Perhaps one of the most significant milestones of 2008 was that both the United States and European Union added more power capacity from renewable energy than from gas, coal, oil and nuclear combined.[1] This rapid growth is here to stay. At the beginning of 2009, 64 countries across the world had implemented renewable energy policies, which mandate a percentage of total energy to come from renewable sources by varying dates.

With close to 1 billion people in China and India alone that are positioned to join the middle class (and all of the energy usage that goes along with that), it’s clear that renewable energy will fast become the backbone of the global economy, providing a massive amount of job opportunities along the way.

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From initial site surveys, to building and implementing foundations, to laying large amounts of underwater cables, there is no shortage of jobs that will require expertise from the commercial diving industry.

Marine-based Renewable Energy Generation One form of renewable energy that will have a significant impact on the commercial diving industry is the growing utilization of marine-based technologies for utility-scale electricity generation, which include off-shore wind turbines, wave harvesting buoys, and unconventional concepts, such as underwater current turbines that convert energy from water moving with low and high tides. While many of these technologies, such as the underwater current turbines, are in the early stages of development, off-shore wind farms have been in existence for almost 20 years, and have now been deployed in over eight European countries, with projects planned in five additional countries by 2015.[3]

in 2009 alone, it’s clear many countries agree. One of the most compelling of these reasons is the quality of offshore wind. The winds speeds are typically higher, more sustained (European wind farms generated electricity 70-90% of the time), and less turbulent than those found onshore. These conditions provide an ideal location for larger wind turbines, which are capable of generating larger amounts of electricity. In addition, many countries don’t have large amounts of land suitable for land-based wind farms, thus offshore regions with suitable water provide a great alternative. Finally, proximity to large cities is also an advantage.

With over 40% of the global population living within 100 kilometers (roughly 62 miles) of coastlines, offshore wind farms also provide shorter transmission lines to load centers.

Why Off-shore Wind?

Stimulating the Commercial Diving Industry

There are many reasons that offshore wind represents one of the fastest growing segments of the energy production industry.

With a growth rate of over 50% of global installed offshore wind

The rapid growth in off-shore wind farms has already had a significant impact on the commercial diving industry. From initial site surveys, to building and implementing foundations, www.adc-int.org ■ www.underwatermagazine.com

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renewables to laying large amounts of underwater cables, there is no shortage of jobs that will require expertise from the commercial diving industry. Some of the more specific jobs include non-destructive test inspections, biological recordings, structural maintenance, cable terminations, surveys and photography and video. In Europe, where the majority of off-shore wind development has taken place, it’s easy to see the affect on the commercial diving industry.

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The following are a few examples: In the United Kingdom, licenses were recently awarded to a collection of companies to develop wind farms in nine separate seabed zones – kicking off one of the largest infrastructure projects in the world for wind energy. Work on this project has already begun, and recent graduates from the professional diving academy have already started lucrative careers, with basic diver entry wages starting at 250 pounds, or almost $400 a day. [6]

Tommy Henaughen, general manager for the Professional Diving Academy sees a bright future for commercial divers in the off-shore wind industry.

“It is now apparent that today’s generation of commercial divers are going to play an increasingly vital role in the installation of the massive new green infrastructure that is going to power the UK and many other nations into the future. Like the platforms and rigs associated with offshore oil and gas recovery, wind turbines are going to require regular inspection, maintenance and repair work. This is undoubtedly going to provide commercial diving work for a great many years to come.” [6] Last year it was announced that CTC Marine Projects, a member of the Woodlands, TX, based Trico Marine Group, was awarded their first contract in the offshore wind farm industry. The project was awarded by E.ON Climate and Renewables UK for the development of the Robin Rigg Wind Farm, a 180MW project consisting of 60, 3MW wind turbines located between the Scottish and English coasts.

CTC Marine Projects scope of work will consist of the lay, installation and burial of 17 subsea power cable arrays that link the wind turbine foundations together, followed by post installation inspection and testing. The work will take approximately 90 days and will be performed in shallow water depths of up to nine meters.

Ac c ord i ng to C TC M a n a g i ng Director, Darly Lunch, “This contract shows CTC’s ability to apply our extensive subsea experience in the oil and gas industry to the offshore wind farm market and highlights the breadth of services and technology that CTC can offer.”

Northern Divers Ltd., an Englandbased company, has been working in association with Q7, the second offshore wind farm in the Dutch sector of the North Sea, and the world’s first to be located at such a distance from the coast (outside of the 12-mile limit). The construction of the project started in mid2006, by installing cables to all wind turbines via the J-Tube arrangement,

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the burial of cables between windmills and the installation of main landfall cables. The Q7 Wind Park has been operational since June 2008, and contains 60 wind turbines, stationed in water ranging from 19-24 meters deep and located 23 kilometers offshore. [7]

Off-shore Wind to Grow In North America and Asia Currently, the vast majority of installed offshore wind farms are located in Europe. While European countries and companies have been pioneers in this field, the rapid adoption and implementation they’ve achieved is expected to flow into both North America and Asia in the near future. According to EER, these two regions will contribute nearly 25% of the total new offshore capacity installed worldwide. In fact, a recent report from the U.S. Department of Energy, predicted that as much as 20% of the 300 GW of wind power envisioned for the United States by 2030 will come from off-shore wind farms.

Just this past March, Cape Wind announced that it had entered into an agreement to purchase 130 3.6 megawatt wind turbines from Siemens, for the first offshore wind farm in the United States, which will be located off the coast of Massachusetts. At the same time, Siemens, one of the worlds’ largest wind turbine manufacturers, announced plans to open a US offshore wind office in Boston.

In June 2009, Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar issued five exploratory leases for wind power production on the Outer Continental Shelf offshore from New Jersey and Delaware.

The leases authorize data gathering activities, allowing for the construction of meteorological towers on the Outer Continental Shelf from six to 18 miles offshore. [4] China has also been active in the offshore wind industry. This past March, China joined the ranks of countries with installed offshore wind farms, finishing construction of a 102-megawatt project in the Yangtze River delta near Shanghai. This was the beginning of a new trend that will catapult China into a global leadership position for off-shore wind. Over the next three to four years, China plans to install over 500 megawatts of offshore wind. According to Azure International, a Chinese-based energy consultancy, China will invest $100 billion to install a staggering 30,000 megawatts of offshore wind by 2020, an amount that is equal to the amount of www.adc-int.org ■ www.underwatermagazine.com 466213_Moog.indd 1

UnderWater 41 AM 2/23/10 8:14:05

renewables onshore wind they have installed today.

Considering China recently moved into second place behind the United States for total installed wind energy, that’s an incredible investment. One of the reasons China is pursuing offshore wind so aggressively is because 40% of their population lives along their east coast, and with the majority of Chinese power coming from hydroelectric, coal and wind power in western China, local

governments are looking for a way to stimulate local economies and provide energy for their fast growing population centers.

The United States and China aren’t the only countries planning offshore wind development. South Korea and Japan, two land-strapped countries, are also pursuing offshore wind energy. South Korea recently announced plans to develop a 1 GW offshore wind farm, and Japan is

investing heavily in research in this area, with plans to deliver initial wind energy by 2011.

Conclusion Many factors have contributed to the strong growth of renewable energy – and the industry is poised to continue this growth well into the future.

Offshore wind energy represents the largest opportunity in the renewable energy industry for commercial divers.

Immense success in Europe, coupled with significant advances in technologies and know how, and other unique benefits of offshore wind have paved the way for countries in North America and Asia to quickly follow suit. Just as European wind farms were built on the specialized skills and expertise of commercial divers, so too will be the wind farms that will soon power the coastal regions of countries like the United States and China, creating even greater demand for commercial divers in the future.

Sources: [1] “Renewables Global Status Report.”

Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century. www.ren21.net. 4/15/2010.

[2] “Republic of India.” U.S. Department of State. www.state.gov. 4/10/2010.

[3] “Offshore Wind Energy.”American Wind Energy Association. www.awea.org. 3/1/2009.

[4] “DOI Announces Five Exploratory Leases for Offshore Wind Energy.” Renewable Energy World. www.renewableenergyworld. com. 6/25/2009.

[5] “Study: Next Decade One of Progress for Global Offshore Wind Industry.” Wind Power Monthly. www.windpowermonthly. com. 1/5/2010.

[6] “Professional Diving Academy Welcomes Recent Announcement for Offshore Wind Farm Expansion Plans.” Offshore Wind. www.offshorewind.biz. 2/15/2010.

[7] “Inshore / offshore.” Northern Divers. www.northerndivers.co.uk. 4/15/2010.

[8] “South Korea Eyes 1 GW Offshore Wind Farm Expansion.” Power-Gen WORLDWIDE. www.powergenworldwide. com. 2/9/2010.

[9] “Chinese Wind Power Heads Offshore.”

Technology Review. www.technologyreview. com. 4/5/2010.

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UnderWater 43 10/31/09 12:40:52 PM

mission

MDSU-1 Sailors Reflect on

Humanitarian Mission in Haiti

BY MASS COMMUNICATION SPECIALIST 2ND CLASS ROBERT STIRRUP, COMMANDER, NAVY REGION HAWAII PUBLIC AFFAIRS

PEARL HARBOR (NNS) – Sailors assigned to Mobile Diving and Salvage Unit (MDSU) 1 deployed to Haiti to support Operation Unified Response Jan. 20, providing humanitarian assistance to the earthquake-ravaged nation. After spending a week in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, MDSU-1 personnel were sent to Haiti for two weeks to be part of a command and control element.

“We arrived in Haiti by way of the Dutch ship HNLMS Pelikaan, about eight days after the earthquake happened and there was a lot of smoke and physical damage that we could see from afar,” said Chief Warrant Officer Jeffrey Landry. “It was completely devastating, and the nation was in terrible condition.”

“There were a lot of cracks in the ground and it looked and felt like the Earth had literally been ripped open,” added Navy Diver 2nd Class Curtis Wiley. “I’ve been to third-world countries before but I’ve never seen a place in that bad of a condition. You could definitely tell they needed aid and help.”

While in Port-Au-Prince, MDSU-1 personnel worked with many other commands to aid the citizens.

“As a part of the Command and Control element for salvage operations, we worked with several commands including Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 7, MDSU-2, the Air Force and the Haitian Army along with others,” said Landry. “MDSU-1 did a great job of coordinating not only salvage related work, but also with being able to get food, water, fuel and basic life support for people.”

Wiley reflected on the experience of helping the citizens of Haiti in their time of need.

“Anytime you get to help other people it’s very rewarding and it was even more so this time being that their country had just gone through a major catastrophe,” Wiley said. “My biggest reward was to be involved in a mission that not only the United States military was a part of, but also all of the other countries’ militaries that were involved with the relief effort.”

Other MDSU-1 personnel that were deployed to Haiti were Cmdr. John Moulton, commanding officer of MDSU-1; Command Master Chief Jose Lara; Master Chief Navy Diver Cliff Morin; and Senior Chief Navy Diver John Hopkins.

Navy Seabees are still on the ground in Haiti, improving roads and other infrastructure in advance of the rainy season, expected to start in mid-April. The engineering efforts, like the work of other Sailors who have served in Haiti, are expected to continue to save many lives.

Sailors stationed from throughout the world have served in Haiti as medical first responders, relief coordinators, engineers and even divers.

MDSU-1’s mission is to provide swift and mobile ship salvage, towing, battle damage repair, deep ocean recovery, harbor clearance and underwater ship repair capabilities in support of the 3rd and 7th fleets.

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Navy Diver 2nd Class Joshua Keller, assigned to Mobile Diving and Salvage Unit (MDSU) 2, guides a winch cable during a salvage operation. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Chris Lussier/ Released)

Members of Mobile Diving and Salvage Unit (MDSU) 2 inspect a submerged container box. MDSU-2 is conducting salvage and repair operations in the main seaport of Port-au-Prince, Haiti, as part of Operation Unified Response, providing humanitarian and disaster relief to Haiti in the aftermath of the 7.0-magnitude earthquake on Jan. 12, 2010. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Chris Lussier/ Released)

Haitian citizens use heavy equipment to clear debris near the Presidential Palace in Port-au-Prince. Several U.S. and international military and non-governmental agencies are conducting humanitarian and disaster relief operations as part of Operation Unified Response after a 7.0-magnitude earthquake caused severe damage in and around Port-au-Prince, Haiti, Jan. 12. (U.S. Navy photo by Senior Chief Mass Communication Specialist Spike Call/Released)

Chief Warrant Officer 4 Jeff Barone, assigned to Mobile Diving and Salvage Unit (MDSU) 2, works with a Marine assigned to 8th Engineer Support Battalion to remove submerged container boxes. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Chris Lussier/ Released)

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One of the vehicles was delivered fully equipped for survey use.

It was mounted with Edgetech side scan sonars, Ring Laser Gyro, Digiquarts and Doppler. The other vehicle delivered as a spare but prepared ready to take over after a few hours of sensor integration. The SAT was successfully completed after a few days, and just hours later DOF started their survey project.

Approximately 800km of pipeline was to be surveyed with side scan sonars on both sides to assess out-of-burial spans, rock dump integrity and possible damage. The areas close to the platforms were to be surveyed at a later date using an ROV. The ROTV crew was assembled from current ROV pilots and Survey Technicians, all of which had experience from ROV systems. It was very helpful for the system integration that they had done this kind of work many times before. As Henrik Mathiesen said, “The ROTV pilots were fast at picking up flying skills and were able to move onto the actual job after only a few days of training.”

System Integration The FOCUS 2 vehicle was integrated into the extensive survey setup onboard Geosund, receiving vessel information and subsea vehicle positioning from the online system. The positioning system consisted of high precision differential GPS, HiPAP subsea positioning and a complete Inertial Navigation System (INS) integrated as payload on the FOCUS-2 vehicle. This allowed the vehicle to receive a very precise position reference, giving a very consistent placement on the planned survey line.

Being a relatively light system, the FOCUS 2 can be safely launched from almost any vessel. Onboard the Geosund, a dedicated crane was mounted in the stern that allowed for good reach for both launch and recovery.

With the FOCUS 2 vehicle as platform, the survey speed can get as high as 8-10 knots still maintaining vehicle stability and the equipped sonar system can be used up to 6 knots without degrading the data quality. This is nearly five times faster than an ROV survey.

A Very Stable Platform Vehicle movements are kept to a minimum when the FOCUS 2 ROTV is run on both vertical and horizontal autopilot. The vehicle is specified to maintain a stability of +/- 2 metres on both axes but in practise, stability reaches +/- 0.3 metres vertically and +/- 1.5 metres horizontally. This high level of accuracy and stability would be very hard to achieve with a non-steered towfish.

The data clearly demonstrates that the FOCUS-2 vehicle is a very stable platform which will benefit both sidescan and multibeam data quality. Survey speed is also high - even at up to sea state 6, allowing the customer to complete their survey more precisely in less time.

Jesper Madsen, Geologist at DOF Subsea: “The sidescan data we are getting from the FOCUS 2 vehicle is at least as good as what we get from our UHD ROV. Furthermore it seems that the vehicle is less inclined to create reflections.”

Trond Monsvold, ROTV Supervisor at DOF Subsea: “The FOCUS 2 vehicle handles well and is easy to keep on track using the vertical and horizontal autopilot.”

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newGear WOMEN AND PRESSURE DIVING & ALTITUDE EDITED BY CAROLINE E. FIFE, MD MARGUERITE ST. LEGER DOWSE WOMEN AND PRESSURE IS A remarkable look at women’s progress in the fields of diving and altitude. With content ranging from the history of women divers, combat pilots and astronauts to the unique physiological characteristics of females working and playing in altered barometric pressure environments, this textbook is long overdue. Featuring contributions from 35 authors, many of whom are pioneers in their field, it represents a wide range of disciplines and offers a comprehensive dialogue about the effects of pressure on women. This book is a must-read for women divers, dive instructors, men who dive with women and anyone involved in diving and flying.

As an admirable collection of the current research and attitudes regarding the most frequent concerns of divers, instructors and aviators, topics are explored on a level of seriousness and urgency. The chapters included in this textbook contain crucial discussions of such relevant factors as: pregnancy, the menstrual cycle and decompression illness, physiology, fitness to dive, thermal tolerance, equipment, diving accident data, legal issues, medical and health considerations and women in the workplace. The pool of information in this book displays the serious nature of a text addressing the past, present and future issues of consequence in relation to the well-being of women. q From the Foreword: “… it is obviously F important to have a good understanding of imp how women’s physical and psychological responses might differ from those experesp rienced by men. I believe that this book rien is a scholarly attempt to answer these questions, and I hope that it will make qu a valuable contribution to the health a nd n welfare of women engaged in these highly specialized occupations.” th – HRH Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh Proceeds from this book will go to the Diving Diseases Research Center to supD pport further diving research.

Book No: D1215, $19.95 – Hardcover Textbook, 415 pages, photos, CD Rom included with full color photos To order, visit www.bestpub.com.

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NEW MULTIPLEXER HANDLES MULTIPLE CHANNELS ON EXISTING COPPER CABLES Handling online information form a large number of underwater instruments often requires fibre optic multiplexers and cables. Using a multiplexer that works on copper cables can be an economic and practical alternative to fibre optic systems, especially when adding multiplexer to existing equipment.

MacArtney has developed a new electrical multiplexer, the NEXUS MK E, that handles online communication using existing copper cables.

Uses Existing System Cables The large bandwidths of fibre optic cables and multiplexers are excellent at transferring vast amounts of online data from underwater equipment to topside. They can, however, be out of the economic reach of some projects or require extensive changes to equipment and handling systems.

MacArtney has developed a new type of multiplexer. This new electrical multiplexer, the NEXUS MK E, transfers online data on existing coax type, side scan sonar and CTD cables as well as twisted pair and 3 conductor umbilicals.

Controls Multiple Communications The NEXUS MK E can handle an array of video and data information using existing copper cables and winch equipment.

It is designed for use in applications where there is a need to perform online communication with up to 7 underwater sensors and/or 1 live video channel. The system communicates with power and data on the same conductors along up to 10,000 metres of coax cable or 3,000 metres on twisted pair cable. Each sensor channel can be individually controlled through the software package.

It is ideal for oceanography systems, ROV upgrades, towed vehicles, drop camera systems and towed camera systems.

Portable and Upgradable The NEXUS MK E is designed to the same high standards as MacArtney’s fibre optic NEXUS multiplexers and is prepared with a path so that it can be upgraded with MacArtney’s fibre optic based telemetry system at a later date. It can also be delivered as a portable multiplexer that can work with both fibre optic and copper cable systems.

The MKE multiplexer is compact and comes in 3 standard versions for 1,000, 3,000 or 6,000m depth applications.

For more information contact Hans Jørgen Hansen, Sales Manager for Ocean Science, on hjh@macartney.com or visit the MacArtney website on www.macartney.com

OCEANSERVER AWARDED 4TH NAVY AUV CONTRACT

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OceanServer Technology was recently awarded a competitive procurement to deliver two lightweight multibeam sonar equipped AUV’s to the US Navy. These AUV’s are to be operationally tested and delivered to the Naval Special Warfare (NSW) Command at the Stennis Space Center in September of 2010. This is the fourth such award to OceanServer Technology (OTI) over the past two years and represents the most sophisticated vehicle developed by OTI to date. Fully equipped with Side Scan Sonar (SSS), Doppler Velocity Log (DVL), Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), Conductivity, Temperature www.adc-int.org ■ www.underwatermagazine.com 433124_TheOcean.indd 1

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newGear and Depth (CTD) sensor, and Multi-beam Imaging sonar, the lightweight Iver is the industry leader in man-portable AUV systems. The NSW anticipates operationally deploying the vehicles soon after delivery.

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All Iver2 AUV models come standard with OceanServerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s VectorMap Mission Planning and Data Presentation tool, which provides geo-registered data files that can be easily exported to other software analysis tools. This unique AUV design has enabled OceanServer to carve out a very strong position in the research space for Autonomous Under water Vehicles, sensors and behavioral studies.

The VectorMap program can input NOAA ENCs or any geo-referenced charts, maps or photo images, allowing the operator to intuitively develop AUV missions using simple point-and-click navigation.

The base vehicle, with a starting price at just over $50,000 USD, gives university, government and commercial users an affordable base-platform for sensor development or survey applications in water 7:53:15 AM quality, sub-surface security and general research.

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FLOWQUEST 2000 ACOUSTIC CURRENT PROFILER LinkQuest Inc., San Diego, California, recently extended its popular FlowQuest acoustic current profiler line to include t he sma l l a nd light weight FlowQuest 2000 system. The FlowQuest 2000 system operates at 2 MHz with a blank distance as short as 10 cm. The system is about 12.6 cm in diameter, 21.0 cm in length and weighs less than 1.4 kgs in water. The FlowQuest 2000 system is capable of reaching up to 20 meters in range with an accuracy of up to 0.25% +/- 2.5 mm/s. The standard depth rating of the system is 800 meters with options for 100, 1500, 3000 and 6000 meters. This system also has an optional discharge measurement function. The FlowQuest 2000 acoustic current profiler is ideal for measuring discharge, currents and flows in shallow waters or for short range applications. It is particularly useful when a minimum blank distance is desirable. For more information, please visit www.link-quest.com or contact the company at sales@link-quest.com.

DELTA WAVE COMMUNICATIONS LAUNCHES THEIR DTRACTM WEBBASED ASSET TRACKING SOLUTION Delta Wave Communications, Inc. is pleased to announce their new web-based dTrac™ asset tracking solution. dTrac™ supports a variety of satellite communications technologies for global asset tracking requirements. Track and manage almost any asset type – ship, truck, tug, barge, container or drilling rig or personnel on a global basis.

It provides a range of solutions for the global tracking and management of almost any asset type, whether in the air, at sea or on land. dTrac™ allows assets and personnel to be tracked and managed through one login, or user defined groups, from any internet-connected PC or smart phone.

Mark Borner, V.P. of Sales at Delta Wave adds: “Many of our existing customers who utilize our range of mobile satellite products also have a need for real-time asset and personnel tracking.

We developed our own tracking portal for those who already have these types of requirements, and also to give them and future customers greater control and flexibility when it comes to a web based tracking portal. We are proud that our distribution partners have been working with us in providing continual feedback in making this a superior product.”

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newGear Customers may track assets using their existing Inmarsat and Iridium satellite terminals, or any of Delta Wave’s line of tracking products. Cost effective plans are available with preset or user defined reporting intervals. End users are given more direct control over mapping options, such as grouping of assets and geofencing, which reduces support costs.

Most recently, dTrac™ has become compatible with the NAL Research Iridium Shout Product, which offers two-way messaging, with emergency e-mail alert features, and is the only truly global personal tracking device on the market.

Delta Wave also offers dTrac™ as a co-branded site, and offers custom solutions for clients who have unique requirements. The site may be visited at: www.dtrac.us.

About Delta Wave Communications, Inc. Delta Wave Communications, Inc. (Delta Wave) is a mobile satellite service provider based out of Morgan City, LA. Products and services include Inmarsat®, Iridium®, asset tracking, and system integration. Founded in 1997, Delta Wave Communications, Inc. offer communications solutions for customers based in remote areas. Delta Wave is prepared to meet your mobile satellite communications requirements whatever the situation may call for — whether the requirement is emergency preparedness, remote field operations, or any other global application. For more information about Delta Wave Communications, Inc, please visit the company’s web site at www.deltawavecomm.com.

MAGNETOMETERS AID PANAMA CANAL EXPANSION The Panama Canal expansion project is yielding some interesting “artifacts.” A number of railroad wheels and a dredge bucket dating to the early 20th century were recently uncovered. Encountering this debris during dredging operations can dramatically impede progress, and equipment can be damaged running into these underground obstructions. To counter the problem, officials at the Panama Canal Authority have brought in two of JW Fishers Proton 4 magnetometers. These super sensitive metal detectors can locate large iron and steel targets at a range of hundreds of meters. Before excavating an area, a team surveys the sector with the magnetometer. If any ferrous metal objects are buried there, the Proton 4 will sound an alarm and show a change in the readout. Tracker software allows the mag data and GPS coordinates to be displayed and stored on a laptop. On the computer screen the mag operator can see the track of the survey boat as it moves over the search area to ensure no part is missed. Once the survey is complete, the team can quickly relocate the metal targets and remove them before dredging operations begin. Armed with the new equipment, authorities are confident the project will progress according to schedule and be finished on time.

For more information on the canal expansion project, go to www.pancanal.com. For more information on Fishers’ complete line of underwater search equipment, go to www.jwfishers.com.

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SURVIVABLE SOLUTIONS FOR UNDERWATER CABLES 1 10/26/09 4:18:00 PM 457281_MOCEAN.indd

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Product Hardware Kits for Cable Protection EVERGRIP™ Termination CABLE-GRIP™ Termination DAM/BLOK™ Electrical Splice Kit EVERFLEX™ Bending Strain Relief Custom Cable Systems & Testing Services

The Gorski Hat

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Land - Marine www.anchorpipe.com

5300 St. Clair Avenue - Cleveland, Ohio 44103

11/3/09 11:40:45 AM 462293_PMI.indd 1

9310 Campbell Houston, Texas 77080 Ph. - 713-465-8377 Fax - 713-465-8393

Call: (216) 881-4914 sales@pmiind.com www.pmiind.com

JACKETS National Tool Leasing 453850_AnchorPipe.indd 1 ENCAPSULATION 11/10/09 7:46:32 AM 1/8/10 8:41:42 AM FIBERGLASS PILE (866) 952-TOOL

Worldwide Rentals and Sales Underwater and Hazardous Location Equipment ROV’s ATEX Approved Air & Hydraulic Tools Underwater Search & Recovery Equipment Order Online! www.RentalToolsOnline.com

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Hold Down Anchors

Engineered & Manufactured to Your Specs!

PMI INDUSTRIES, INC.

1/13/10 9:22:01 AM

ScrewPile Pipeline Supports

9/1/09 9:41:17 439394_National.indd AM 1

Factory Direct

www.gorskihat.com 281-960-5091

1

Round, Square or Custom Shapes & Sizes Semi-Translucent or Colored Gel-Coats Shipped to You or Your Job Site

RIVERBEND FIBERGLASS 207-562-7103 • rbf@roadrunner.com

www.RIVERBENDFIBERGLASS.com

■ www.underwater.com 8/20/09 www.adc-int.org 2:02:55 433185_Riverbend.indd PM 1

UnderWater 55 AM 8/19/09 10:28:07

ADVERTISERS INDEX ACTUATORS – LINEAR & ROTARY Tecnadyne ............................................................38

DIVING SUITS Trelleborg - Viking Inc. .........................................35

PROPELLER POLISHERS Armada Systems, Inc ...........................................46

CABLE SYSTEMS & TESTING SERVICES PMI Industries, Inc. ..............................................55

DRY WELD SYSTEMS Neptune Underwater Services (USA), LLC ............43

PROPULSION SYSTEMS Tecnadyne ............................................................38

CABLES, HOSES & UMBILICALS Umbilicals International, Inc. ..................................9

FLANGE GASKET HOLDERS Flange Skillets International, Inc. .........................49

REMOTELY OPERATED VEHICLES SeaBotix, Inc. .......................................................33

COMMERCIAL DIVING CONTRACTORS TETRA Technologies, Inc. .......................................6

FUELS & LUBRICANTS Aerospace Lubricants, Inc. ...................................54 Lubrication Technology, Inc. .................................48

SATURATION DIVING EQUIPMENT Aqua-Air Industries, Inc........................................21 Lexmar Engineering Pte Ltd .................................13

HULL SCRUBBERS Armada Systems, Inc ...........................................46 The Desmond-Stephan Manufacturing Co. ..........55

SLINGBAGS Quikrete ...............................................................48

COMMERCIAL DIVING EQUIPMENT RENTALS Aqua-Air Industries, Inc........................................21 National Tool Leasing, LLC ...................................55 COMMERCIAL DIVING EQUIPMENT SALES Advanced Marine Pte Ltd. ....................................43 Aqua-Air Industries, Inc........................................21 Armada Systems, Inc ...........................................46 Bay Tech Equipment Rentals, Inc. ........................42 Commercial Diving Supply, LLC............................55 Dive Commercial International, Inc.......................53 Divers Supply, Inc...................... Outside Back Cover Jack Vilas & Associates, Inc. ................................47 Miller Diving .........................................................40 Morgan City Rentals .............................................25 Redfish Rental, Inc. ..............................................47 Shark Marine Technologies Inc. .............................5 Steffen Inc. ..........................................................39 COMMERCIAL DIVING SCHOOLS Commercial Diving Academy................................49 Divers Academy International...............................46 Divers Institute of Technology ..............................52 Minnesota Commercial Diver Training Center.......53 The Ocean Corporation ........................................51 COMPRESSORS Nuvair ..................................................................40 CUTTING & WELDING SYSTEMS Petrogen, Inc. .......................................................49 DIVING GAS PRAXAIR Inc. .......................................................55 DIVING HELMETS G2000SS, Inc. ......................................................55 Kirby Morgan Dive Systems International, Inc. .....10

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE UNITS Tecnadyne ............................................................38 INSURANCE Amerisafe.............................................................56 John W. Fisk Co. ..........................Inside Back Cover MARINE CONSTRUCTION Cal Dive International .................. Inside Front Cover MARINE PILE PROTECTION SYSTEMS Denso North America Inc. ......................................4 MOBILE SATELLITE SERVICE PROVIDERS Delta Wave Communications, Inc. ........................51

SLIP RINGS Moog ....................................................................41 SONAR & AUV SURVEY Marine Sonic Technology Ltd. ..............................23 SUB-SEA CUTTING TOOLS Amron International..............................................35 Gary Herman Companies, LLC dba Alpha Rentals............................................34 UnderwaterTools.net ............................................58 THRUSTERS – ROV, AUV Hydroid, Inc. .........................................................47 Tecnadyne ............................................................38

NAVIGATION SYSTEMS CDL Inc ................................................................24

UNDERWATER CAMERAS DeepSea Power & Light, Inc. ................................55 VideoRay ................................................................3

NUCLEAR & HYDRO ENERGY Armada Systems, Inc ...........................................46

UNDERWATER ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS Marshall Underwater ............................................48

PILE JACKETS Riverbend Fiberglass ............................................55

UNDERWATER IMAGING SYSTEMS JW Fishers Manufacturing Company ....................39 Outland Technology Inc. .......................................54

PILE REPAIR/PILE CLEANING Fox Industries, Inc. ...............................................52 PIPELINE SUPPORT AnchorPipe International Inc. ...............................55 PLASTIC SUPPLY & FABRICATION Plastic Supply & Fabrication, Inc ..........................55 PROJECT MANAGEMENT, ENGINEERING & INSPECTION Magellan Marine International, LLC ......................56

Workers’ Comp for the Underwater Construction Industry

UNDERWATER LIGHTING Birns, Inc. .............................................................49 UNDERWATER WELDING Hydroweld USA Inc ...............................................32 VIDEO PRODUCTION Mocean Video ......................................................55

MAGELLAN MARINE INTERNATIONAL, LLC. TECHNICAL PERSONNEL

DIVING, ROV, FABRICATION, ICP ENGINEERING & PROJECT MANAGEMENT

JOHN NAYLON — MICHAEL JAMES — JOE KLINE

Call (800) 317-0838 or visit Amerisafe.com 56 UnderWater 460367_Amerisafe.indd 1

JULY/AUGUST 2010

Office 504/835-3009 2816 Athanla Parkway Metairie, LA 70002

456588_Magellan.indd 12/24/09 12:18:29 AM

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Fax 504/835-7040 mmi-no@magellanmarine.com www.magellanmarine.com

12/29/09

7:48:33 AM

ADCIMembers SUPPORTING MEMBERS AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER HYDRO DIVISION BP AMERICA INC. BUCEO Y SALVAMENTO DIAL CORDY & ASSOCIATES INC. DIVERS ALERT NETWORK GRUPO DE SALVAMENTO KD DUYONG (subsidiary of Royal Malaysian Navy) KRAFT GATZ LANE BENJAMIN, LLC MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY MCGRIFF, SEIBELS & WILLIAMS OF TEXAS, INC. PREFECTURA NAVAL ARGENTINA PORT OF LONG BEACH HARBOR PATROL Ed Davis 1249 Pier F Ave Long Beach CA 90802 562-590-4185; fax 562-983-3505 ihoward@polb.com www.polb.com U. S. ARMY CORP OF ENGINEERS UNITED STATES COAST GUARD U.S. COAST GUARD (Sector Corpus Christi Planning WASHINGTON STATE D.O.T. GENERAL MEMBERS ABLE DIVING CO. ABOVE & BELOW THE H20 ACI MARINE- ANDERS CONSTRUCTION, INC. ADVANCED AMERICAN CONSTRUCTION, INC. ADVANCED DIVING SERVICES, INC. ALAM MARITIM (M) SDN BHD ALASKA COMMERCIAL DIVERS, INC. ALBWARDY DIVING SERVICES ALLEN MARINE SERVICES, INC./Division of Hohl Industrial Services, Inc. ALLIED UNDERWATER SERVICES, INC. AMERICAN INSHORE DIVERS AMERICAN MARINE CORPORATION ( Hawaii) AMERICAN MARINE CORPORATION (Alaska) AMERICAN MARINE CORPORATION (California) AMERICAN UNDERWATER CONTRACTORS, INC. AMERICAN UNDERWATER SERVICES AMI CONSULTING ENGINEERS, P.A. APPLEDORE MARINE ENGINEERING, INC. APPLIED DIVING SERVICES, INC. AQUEOS CORPORATION AQUEOS CORPORATION (Gulf Coast Office) ARCHIRODON GROUP NV ASIAN DIVERS & EQUIPMENT SDN. BHD. ASOCIACION DE BUZOS TECNICOS ASSOCIATED DIVING AND MARINE CONTRACTORS, L.C. ASSOCIATED MARINE SALVAGE, INC. ASSOCIATED UNDERWATER SERVICES, INC. ATLANTIS DIVING CONTRACTORS INC. AVIMAR C.A. B & C DIVING AND CONSTRUCTION BAHRAIN MAINTENANCE & DIVING SERVICES BALLARD DIVING & SALVAGE INC. BARADIHI DIVING SERVICES BEKK SOLUTIONS LIMITED BIDCO MARINE GROUP, INC. BIG VALLEY DIVERS, INC. BIN NOWIRAN ESTABLISHMENT BISSO LUFESA CONTRATISTAS MARITIMOS SRL BISSO MARINE CO., INC. BLACK DOG DIVERS, INC. BLACKWATER DIVING, LLC BLACKWATER MARINE, LLC BLUE WATER MARINE SERVICES, INC. BOLT UNDERWATER SERVICES, INC. BORNEO SUBSEA SERVICES (MALAYSIA) SDN BHD BOSARGE DIVING INC. BOSWELL ENGINEERING, INC. BOWMAN DIVING CORP. BULLDOG DIVING, INC. BUZCA SOLUCIONES DE INGENIERIA S.A. BUZCA S.A. C&W DIVING SERVICES, INC. CABO DIVING SERVICES, S.A. DE C.V. CAL DIVE INTERNATIONAL, INC. (Helix Energy Solutions) CALDWELL MARINE INTERNATIONAL, LLC CENTRAL STATES U/W CONTRACTING, INC. CENTRAL STATES UNDERWATER CHAPMAN MARINE, INC. CHESAPEAKE BAY DIVING, INC. CHET MORRISON CONTRACTORS, LLC

CHILDS ENGINEERING CORP. CHUBASCO MARINE SERVICES CNOOC Inspection Tecnology (Center) Co.,Ltd COASTAL INSPECTION SERVICES, INC. COLLINS ENGINEERS, INC. COMMERCE CONSTRUCTION CORP. COMMERCIAL DIVERS, INC. COMMERCIAL DIVING & MARINE SERVICES, INC. COMMERCIAL DIVING COMPANY COMMERCIAL DIVING INC. COMMERCIAL DIVING SERVICES (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD COMMERCIAL DIVING SERVICES INC. CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS INTERNATIONAL, INC. CONSTRUCTORA SUBACUATICA DIAVAZ S.A. DE C.V. CROFTON DIVING CORP. DANFORTH PETROLEUM INDUSTRIES SDN. BHD DEEP MARINE TECHNOLOGY DEEP OFFSHORE MARINE CONSULTANTS & CONTRACTORS DENIZENS OF THE DEEP CO., INC. DIV DIVING ENGINEERING CO., LTD. DIVCON, LLC DIVER DOWN UNDERWATER SERVICES DIVE-TECH INTERNATIONAL, INC. DIVING DEL PERU S.A.C. DRS MARINE, INC. DRYDEN DIVING COMPANY, INC. DULAM INTERNATIONAL LTD EASON DIVING & MARINE CONTRACTORS, INC. ECOLOGICAL SPECIALISTS INC. EL SAFWA GROUP FOR MARINE WORKS ENGINEERING & DIVERS CONTRACTORS ENVIROSCIENCE, INC. EPIC DIVERS, INC. FATHOM RESEARCH, LLC FATHOM SOLUTIONS LLC FRED DEVINE DIVING & SALVAGE CO. GENERAL CONSTRUCTION COMPANY GLENN UNDERWATER SERVICES, INC. GLOBAL DIVING & SALVAGE, INC. GLOBAL INDUSTRIES, LTD. GLOBAL INSHORE, INC. GUS COMMERCIAL DIVERS, LLC H. C. NUTTING / TERRACON H. J. MERRIHUE COMMERCIAL DIVING HALCROW, INC. HANDON DIVING SERVICE, INC. HARBOR OFFSHORE, INC. HIBBARD INSHORE, LLC HT MARINE SERVICES, INC. HULL SUPPORT SERVICES LIMITED HYDREX, LLC HYDRO-MARINE CONSTRUCTION CO., INC. INDUSTRIAL DIVERS CORPORATION INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERS, INC. INNER TECH COMMERCIAL DIVING, INC. INSPECTRONIC CORPORATION INSTALACIONES SUBMARINAS BARCELONA, S.A. (INSTALSUB) INTERCOASTAL DIVING, INC. INTERNATIONAL MARINE WORKS INVERSIONES J. CATALDI, C.A. J & J DIVING CORPORATION J. C. MARINE SERVICE CO., LTD. J. F. WHITE CONTRACTING COMPANY J.F. BRENNAN CO., INC. J.S. MARINE COMMERCIAL DIVING JMS NAVAL ARCHITECS SALVAGE ENGINEERS JPS INDUSTRIES, INC. KCI TECHNOLOGIES, INC. KOREA OCEAN ENGINEERING & CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. (KOCECO) K-T MARINE, INC. L-3 COMMUNICATIONS MARIPRO, INC. LAKE ERIE DIVING, INC. LAKES & RIVERS CONTRACTING, INC. LEA DIVING & SALVAGE CO., INC. LEGACY OFFSHORE , LLC LEWIS DIVING & SALVAGE, INC. LIGHTHOUSE MARINE CORP. LIQUID ENGINEERING CORPORATION LOGAN DIVING & SALVAGE LOUISIANA OILFIELD DIVERS, LLC LUCAYA ENGINEERING SERVICES LTD. LUFESA DIVER’S S.C.R.L. M & N ENGINEERING AND DIVING SERVICES, INC.

MADCON CORPORATION MAGONE MARINE SERVICE INC. MAINSTREAM COMMERCIAL DIVERS INC. MAKO DIVING & SALVAGE MARINE CONSULTING SRL MARINE DIVING CONTRACTORS, INC. MARINE ENGINEERING DIVING SERVICES LLC. MARINE SOLUTIONS, INC. MARINE TECHNOLOGIES INC. MARION HILL ASSOCIATES, INC. MARISCOPE CHILENA LTDA. MARITECH CONTRACTING & TRADING INTERNATIONAL S.A. MARITIME MECHANIC LIMITED MARLIN DIVING INSPECTORS, INC. MASTER-TECH DIVING SERVICES PTE LTD McCALL BROTHERS DIVING McCLAERN ENGINEERING GROUP MEDITERRANEO SERVICIOS MARINOS S.L. MEXSSUB INTERNATIONAL INC. MIAMI DIVER, INC. MIDCO DIVING & MARINE SERVICES, INC. MIDWEST DIVING SERVICES INC. MITCHELL MARINE, INC. MM DIVING, INC. MOFFATT & NICHOL MOSCOW DIVE CENTER LTD. MRS. G DIVING SPECIALISTS, INC. MULDOON MARINE SERVICES, INC. NAUTILUS SERVICIOS MARINOS NE SUBSURFACE SURVEY, INC. NORTH COAST DIVERS INC. NORTHEAST DIVING SERVICES, INC. NORTHWEST UNDERWATER CONSTRUCTION, LLC OCEANEERING INTERNATIONAL, INC OFFSHORE DIVERS OFFSHORE SUBSEA WORKS SDN. BHD. OK-ANMARIN GENERAL UNDERWATER SERVICES ORIENTE MARINE GROUP, C.A. ORION DIVING & SALVAGE PACIFIC DIVING INDUSTRIES, INC. PARKER DIVING SERVICE, INC. PENNONI ASSOCIATES, INC. PEPPERRELL COVE MARINE SERVICE, INC. PHOENIX INTERNATIONAL, INC. POSH SEMCO PTE. LTD. PRO MARINE TECHNOLOGY PRO-DIVE MARINE SERVICES PRO-DIVE, INC. PROFESSIONAL MARINE CONSULTING PROSUB, LTDA PT BHAKTI PATRA MANDIRI PT. ALLIED OFFSHORE CONTRACTORS PT. INTI SEGARA SERVICES PT. LANCAR REJEKI BERKAT JAYA PT. PATRA DINAMIKA PT. PRIMA MITRANATA QINGDAO PACIFIC OCEANEERING CO., LTD. R. CHRISTOPHER GOODWIN & ASSOCIATES, INC. RANDIVE, INC. REDS CARIBBEAN LIMITED REDWOOD SHORE DIVING, INC. RESOLVE TOWING & SALVAGE RICHARD PHILLIPS MARINE INC. RME-DIVER COMMERCIAL DIVING LLC RVE INC. S & J DIVING, INC. SALMONS DREDGING CORPORATION SDMC,LLC (Formerly 2-W DIVING, INC.) SEA ENGINEERING, INC. SEA SUB SYSTEMS, INC. SEAMAR DIVERS MEXICO S. De R.L. De C.V. SEAMAR DIVERS, INC. SEAPRO DIVING & HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY (Formerly RED SEA) SEASWIFT SUBSEA ENGINEERING, LLC SEATTLE DIVING CORPORATION SEBUTE S.A. MARINE & UNDERWATER SERVICES SERPORT S.A. SERVICIOS TECNICOS MARITIMOS SERVICIOS TECNICOS SUBACUATICOS, S.L. SERVISUB INGENIEROS LTDA. SHANDONG HAISHENG OCEEANEERING GROUP CO., LTD. SHANGHAI JINHU OFFSHORE ENGINEERING CO., LTD. SHANGHAI SALVAGE COMPANY SHANYE MARINE SERVICES CO., LTD.

SHENZHEN ZHONGHAI DIVE ENGINEERING CO., LTD. SMIT SINGAPORE PTE LTD SMIT SUBSEA MIDDLE EAST LLC SPECIALTY DIVING OF LOUISIANA, INC. SPECIALTY DIVING SERVICES, INC. SPECIALTY UNDERWATER SERVICES,LLC STEARNS ENGINEERING COMPANY STROUD DIVING & HYDROGRAPHY STS CHILE SUBSTRUCTURE, INC. SUBTEK MARINE & CONSTRUCTION SUPREME HYDRO ENGINEERING PVT. LTD. T & T MARINE SALVAGE, INC. T.N.J. MARINE INC. TALLERES INDUSTRIALES, S.A. TEDA GREAT WALL UNDERWATER ENGINEERING CO., LTD. TEDA SEA STAR SHIPPING ENGINEERING CO., LTD. THE WORLD-WIDE DIVING CONTRACTOR COMPANY LIMITED TIANJIN ANDA OFFSHORE SERVICE ENGINEERING COMPANY TIANJIN NANJIANG UNDERWATER ENGINEERING CO., LTD. TIBURON DIVERS, INC. TIDAL MARINE CONSTRUCTION, INC TITAN SALVAGE TRAB-SUB S.R.L. TRASUB S.R.L. - PERU TRINDIVE UNDERWATER SERVICES TRITON DIVING SERVICES, INC. U.S. UNDERWATER SERVICES, L.P. UNDERWATER & MARINE SERVICES, INC. UNDERWATER CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION UNDERWATER CONSULTANTS INTERNATIONAL, INC. UNDERWATER ENGINEERING SERVICES, INC. UNDERWATER MARINE CONTRACTORS, INC. UNDERWATER RESOURCES, INC. UNDERWATER SERVICES INTERNATIONAL, INC. UNDERWATER SERVICES, INC. UNDERWATER SERVICES, LTD UNDERWATER SERVICES, S.A. UNDINE MARINE INDUSTRIES, LTD. UNIDIVE MARINE SERVICES PTE LTD UNITED DIVING & MARINE LLC UTILITY DIVING SERVICES, INC. VARVARA MANAGOU SA VENEZUELA DIVERS C.A. VEOLIA ES SPECIAL SERVICES, INC. W.J. CASTLE, PE & ASSOC., PC WALKER DIVING UNDERWATER CONSTRUCTION, LLC WATERSHED SERVICES, INC. WATERWORKS DIVING SERVICE, INC. WEST DIVING SERVICES, INC WORKS OF DIVING (HONG KONG) CO. LTD. YANTAI SHUNDA OCEAN ENGINEERING SERVICE CO., LTD. ASSOCIATE MEMBERS AC PLUS MARINE, INC. ADVANCED MARINE PTE. LTD. ALF LEA & CO. ALLONE HEALTH AMRON INTERNATIONAL ANALOX SENSOR TECHNOLOGY LTD Simon Lunt 15 Ellerbeck Ct, Stokesley Business Pk Stokeley, North Yorkshire TS9 5PT United Kingdom +44 1642 711400; fax-+44 1642 713900 simon.lunt@analox.net www.analox.net AQUA-AIR INDUSTRIES, INC. AQUA-TECH SERVICES, LLC ARC CONTROLS B & B PUMP & EQUIPMENT RENTALS BAYNHAM BEST, LLC BAY-TECH EQUIPMENT RENTALS, INC. BOURGEOIS MEDICAL CLINIC BROCO, INC. CAVIDYNE, LLC COMMERCIAL DIVING ACADEMY COMMERCIAL DIVING SCHOOL, INC. COMMERCIAL DIVING SUPPLY, LLC COMMERCIAL UNDERWATER SAFETY PROJECTS, INC.

www.adc-int.org ■ www.underwatermagazine.com

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ADCIMembers COMPASS PERSONNEL SERVICES COX, WOOTTON, GRIFFIN, HANSEN & POULOS LLP CYGNUS INSTRUMENTS, INC. DCL MOORING & RIGGING DECA DIVING DELTA RIGGING & TOOLS, INC. DELTA WAVE COMMUNICATIONS, INC. DESCO CORPORATION DIRECTOR OF DIVING SAFETY DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE DIVE COMMERCIAL INTERNATIONAL, INC. DIVE LAB INC. DIVERS ACADEMY INTERNATIONAL DIVERS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY DIVERS SUPPLY, INC. DIVERS UNIVERSITY ESPORTE AQUATICO LTDA DIVEX LTD. DIVING UNLIMITED INTERNATIONAL, INC. E.H. WACHS COMPANY FASTORQ BOLTING SYSTEMS, INC.

FIRST INSURANCE, INC. Burnett J. Tappel, III 909 Poydras St., Ste 1750 New Orleans LA 70112 504-584-5925; fax-504-528-3091 btappel@fbtonline.com FLANGE SKILLETS INTERNATIONAL, INC. FMS ENGINEERING, LLC FUGRO CHANCE INC. G & M RENTALS GANGNEUNG CAMPUS OF KOREA POLYTECHNIC III GARY HERMAN COMPANIES, LLC/dba Alpha Rentals HOLLAND COLLEGE COMMERCIAL DIVING HONG KONG COMMERCIAL DIVING CONSULTANTS LTD. INTEGRA SERVICES TECHNOLOGIES, INC. INTERNATIONAL DIVING INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL RISKS, INC.

INTERNATIONAL SUBMARINE ENGINEERING LTD. J. W. FISHERS MANUFACTURING COMPANY JACK VILAS & ASSOCIATES, INC. JCM INDUSTRIES, INC. JOHN W. FISK CO. KB ASSOCIATES PTE LTD KIBBLE & PRENTICE Cliff Axelson 601 Union St., Ste. 1000 Seattle WA 98101-4064 206-508-6032; fax-206-441-6312 cliff.axelson@kpcom.com www.kpcom.com KICKADY DEEP SEA DIV. KIRBY MORGAN DIVE SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL, INC. KME DIVING SUITS, INC. LBJ MARITIME LEONARD GREENSTONE MARINE TECHNOLOGY TRAINING CENTER

LESSER & ASSOCIATES, PLC LEXMAR ENGINEERING PTE LTD LOUISIANA TECH COLLEGE--YOUNG MEMORIAL CAMPUS M.O.S. MARINE OFFSHORE SERVICES PTE LTD MAGELLAN MARINE INTERNATIONAL,LLC MAKO TECHNOLOGIES, LLC MILLER DIVING EQUIPMENT INC. MINNESOTA COMMERCIAL DIVER TRAINING CENTER MOCEAN VIDEO MORGAN CITY RENTALS NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE OF SCIENCE NATIONAL TOOL LEASING, LLC NCS SUBSEA, INC. NUVAIR OCEAN EYE, INC. ONEBANE LAW FIRM [Legal Counsel] OUTLAND TECHNOLOGY INC. OXYLANCE, INC. PACIFIC COMMERCIAL DIVING SUPPLY PTY LTD PCCI, INC. PILE DRIVERS Local Union #56 PRAXAIR INC. PRIME TIME TRAINING INC. PRINCETEL, INC REDFISH RENTAL OF MORGAN CITY, INC. ROPER RESOURCES, LTD. SANTA BARBARA CITY COLLEGE MARINE DIVING TECHNOLOGY SCIENCE DIVING & ENVIRONMENTAL CO. SEA AND LAND TECHNOLOGIES PTE LTD SEABOTIX, INC. SEATRONICS, INC. SENECA COLLEGE OF APPLIED ARTS & TECHNOLOGY SIDUS SOLUTIONS, INC. SOURCES W. EQUIPMENT STEFFEN, INC. SUBAC UNDERWATER CEMENT SUBSALVE USA THE CORTLAND COMPANIES THE KANE KOMPANY INC Gary M. Kane 107 Ben Franklin Dr. Youngsville LA 70592 337-856-0889; fax-337-856-0922 gkane@thekane.com www.thekane.com THE OCEAN CORPORATION TIANJIN TEDA XINHAI TESTECHO CO; LTD TIDAL CONSOLIDATED SDN BHD TNT GAS AND SUPPLY TOTALMAT INDUSTRIA & COMERCIO DE EQUIP. HIPERBARICOS LTDA TRELLEBORG VIKING, INC. TRIM SYSTEMS PTE. LTD. UKPS, INC. UMBILICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC. UNIQUE SYSTEMS LLC. UNITED STERLING (FE) LTD. VIDEO RAY LLC WATER WEIGHTS WFT, INC. WUHU DIVING EQUIPMENT PLANT AFFILIATE MEMBERS ADC(NZ) INC. AMERICAN SALVAGE ASSOCIATION ASOCIACION CHILENA DE EMPRESA DE BUCEO COMERCIAL COMMERCIAL DIVING ASSOCIATION OF HONG KONG HISTORICAL DIVING SOCIETY USA MARINE ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION (MATE) CENTER NATIONAL OCEAN INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (NOIA) OFFSHORE MARINE SERVICES ASSOCIATION (OMSA) OFFSHORE OPERATORS COMMITTEE THE MUSEUM OF MAN IN THE SEA

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