SCENARIO Piacenza 2050 | North-South & East-West Corridors
06 | The rural as a park
GROUP 6
Le The Viet Hoang, Wu Hongtai, Yu Luzhu, Zhang Yudi, Zhu Chaoyi
Scenario
URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN STUDIO SPRING 2022 TEACHING STAFF DESIGN OF PUBLIC SPACES AND INFRASTRUCTURES: prof. Matteo Motti
2021-2022
THE RURAL AS A PARK
AGRONOMY AND FOOD SCIENCES: prof. Giovanna Fontana
Urban & Environmental Design Studio
Tutors: Amina Chouairi, Asya Berfu Atalay
Contents
Scenario
THE RURAL AS A PARK
SWOT ANALYSIS
Abstract
Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats SWOT systhesis
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CONCEPT
SCENARIO
Idea Master plan
Overview Farm-schooling corridor Field-crossing corridor Forest shuttle corridor
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THE RURAL AS A PARK
Brief As an Italian medium-sized city, Piacenza is now observing the changing relationship between urban and rural areas. A rising question is how we can reorganize the open spaces and enhance spaces of cohabitation between different “urban” and “rural” ways of life. The main goal of this booklet is to provide analyses and conceptual solutions for the territory of Piacenza.
Using SWOT analysis model, we have realized numerous strengths and opportunities for Piacenza future evolution, along with some weaknesses and threats, all of which are related to environmental, economical and socio-urban issues. Taking them into consideration, we propose 3 new ecological networks for Piacenza. Each of them holds a different theme among urban agriculture, rural agricultural experience and hill hiking-cycling. This solution would facilitate sustainable agriculture, smart mobility, social interaction, historical and contemporary interests, and a new green lifestyle.
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Abstract
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SWOT ANALYSIS 1.1 STRENGTHS In terms of natural characteristics, Piacenza features a wide range of biodiversity thanks to the favorable climatic condiction and diverse geography. This allow the strong development of agriculture with considerably huge amount of edible product types. Besides, the diversity in historical heritages and population can be strength to facilitate the cultural activities, build lively neighborhoods and create a sense of place.
Figure 1.1.1 Map of Piacenza biodiversity
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Figure 1.1.2 Map of demographic and logistics strengths
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Figure 1.1.3 Collage of strengths
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15 1.2 WEAKNESSES trate threats. These minus points can lead to a deterioration of infrastructure and biodiversity. At the same time, Piacenza experiences a complexity of demograhpy with a large amount of foreign citizens and migrants. Therefore, enhancing the social structure is a crucial issue in order to achieve social security and sustainable community.
Figure 1.2.1 Map of weaknesses
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Along with agricultural activities thanks to the beneficial georaphical conditions of the Po valley, industrial production plays a main role in the provincial economy of Piacenza. However, after a peak period of industrialization, some factories are now abandoned, while the human impacts through agriculture result in the degradation of water quality and the ni-
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Figure 1.2.2 Collage of weaknesses
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18 1.3 OPPORTUNITIES
Figure 1.3.1 Map of logistics opportunities
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Figure 1.3.2 Map of historical interest opportunities
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Numerous opportunities are now can be seen for future development of Piacenza on a territorial scale. The obvious ones are the intersection of different logistics lines, and the meeting place of the long-time historical and contemporary cultures.
Figure 1.3.3 Collage of opportunities
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25 1.4 THREATS There are some clear threats to future development of Piacenza. Aging population with complex composition of foreigners, the increasingly narrower river flow, high concentration of CO2 and soil subsidence caused be overexploitation of underground wa-
Figure 1.4.1 Map of threats
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ter are the main problems identified in the territory.
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Figure 1.4.2 Collage of threats
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28 1.5 SWOT SUMMARY To summarize, Piacenza are facing different strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, which can be categorized into the following issues: ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE ECONOMIC ISSUES SOCIO-URBAN ISSUES
Figure 1.5.1 SWOT systhesis
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CONCEPT 2.1 IDEA OVERVIEW The rural landscape of Piacenza is highly diverse thanks to the geographical and settlement characteristics. Our point of view is that the rural landscape can be seen as the public assets of the local community, which are capable of raising new interests as well as facilitating a new sustainable lifestyle and productive processes.
Figure 2.1.1 Conceptual drawing
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32 2.2 MASTER PLAN From that perspective, we propose 3 green corridors, which can be considered as park systems, with different characteristics according to the territorial context. FARM-SCHOOLING CORRIDOR Urban agriculture FIELD-CROSSING CORRIDOR Rural agricultural experience FOREST SHUTTLE CORRIDOR Hill hiking - cycling
Figure 2.2.1 General master plan
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BUFFER STRIPS Reinforcement of buffer strips along the canals is proposed to reduce anthropogenic threats by agricultural activities such as nitrate impacts. VEGETATION CORRIDOR Local species of plants are going to be added along the buffer strips and protected areas to strengthen the ecological corridors as well as enhance the efficiency of the buffer zones.
Figure 2.2.2 Vegetation and biodiversity strategy
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MOBILITY NETWORK Different types of mobility are taken into consideration to better facilitate people’s accessibility to the 3 corridors, especially cycling and horse riding networks. Our expectation is to bring various users different optimum solutions to access the new public interests.
Figure 2.2.3 Mobility network strategy
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ACTIVATION OF THE LOCAL POETENTIALS We try to activate and promote the potentials of the existing places regarding production and activities so that a sense of identity and sustainable communities are achived.
Figure 2.2.4 Local potentials
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SCENARIO
Urban agr
3.1 Overview
Farming activities Community Grow Trees Learning by doing Sharing knowledge Extracurricular activities
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l ra
ul c i r ag
e rienc e p l ex a r tu
EXPER
R Tourism Coworking office Diffuse hospitality
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riculture
Camping Tourist attraction Open exhibition View platform Mountains and forests
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PARK
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New lifestyle Farmstay accommodation Slow mobility
Figure 3.1.1 Interaction among the 3 corridors
Reprofiling infrastructure Biodiversity promotion
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Hill h i kin -c y c lin g Beyong intensive farming
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Figure 3.1.2 Strategies
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44 3.2 Farm-schooling corridor
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Figure 3.2.1 Master plan of Farm-schooling corridor
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Figure 3.2.2 Strategic timeline of Farm-schooling corridor
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Figure 3.2.3 Master plan of zoom-in area
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PROSED SLOW MOBILTY NETWORK
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Figure 3.2.4 Main slow mobility network
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Figure 3.2.5 Proposed intersection
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SLOW MOBILITY Promote cycling and walking routes in order to connect the public spaces, urban parks, schools and new places of urban agricultural interests.
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STREETS AND CANALS AS LANDSCAPE CORRIDORS Promote green corridors along the existing road and canal network to enhance species’ movement.
URBAN PARKS AS LANDSCAPE PATCHES Take advantage from existing urban parks and proposed wood areas to promote biodiversity on a micro-scale.
N BA
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R RU Figure 3.2.6 Ecological network
Figure 3.2.7 Ecological corridors in urban and rural areas
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Figure 3.2.8 Vegetation composition
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LEARNING BY DOING ‘Learning by doing’ process is also a good idea to involve citizens in the practical creation and operation of the place. Extra-curricular activities for school students are highly potential in this area, where students can learn how
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to grow a tree from the very beginning or how to take care of the animals in obvious ways.
Figure 3.2.9 Evolution of farming educational center
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2033 NEW CROPS NEW FACILITIES
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NEW URBAN AGRICULTURE INTERESTS FOR CITIZENS The experimental area is situated in the city periphery, where is easily accessed by students from nearby schools and other urban users. In this place, they are able to see different types
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of farming activities such as livestock production, horticulture and arable production.
Figure 3.2.10 Evolution of place of farming interest
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2033 NEW MEETING PLACES
2028 ACCESSIBILITY
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Figure 3.2.11 Detailed master plan of the educational crop area by 2033 - 1/1000
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Figure 3.2.12 Detailed sections of the area - 1/500
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Figure 3.2.13 Abandoned space in the city periphery
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NEW FACILITIES IN ABANDONED SPACE New facilities are proposed for the abandoned farmland along with the
Figure 3.2.14 Proposal for the abandoned space by 2033
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education farmland. Services such as local product shop and public library for people can be added.
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Figure 3.2.15 Bird view of the area by 2033
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Figure 3.2.16 Territorial interactions by 2033
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70 3.3 Field-crossing corridor
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Figure 3.3.1 Master plan of Field-crossing corridor
NEW INTERESTS We proposed hospitality and rent services in some existing farmsteads to create new interests for local and international citizens. Coworking office, farmstay places and research centers are highly potential.
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INNOVATIVE FARMING Reduce inputs to prevent nitrates and other chemicals from leaving crop fields, either through runoff or leaching into groundwater. Improve soil health with organic and natural farming methods.
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Figure 3.3.2 Strategic timeline of Field-crossing corridor
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Figure 3.3.3 Master plan of zoom-in area
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SLOW MOBILITY Promote cycling and horse riding routes as public interests.
Figure 3.3.4 Main slow mobility network
Figure 3.3.5 Solution for reprofiling car roads
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Figure 3.3.6 Ecological network
Figure 3.3.7 Evolution of buffer strips
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2033 INTEGRATED BUFFER
2028 HIGH BUFFER
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BUFFER STRIPS NEW FORESTS AS LANDSCAPE CORRIDORS AS LANDSCAPE PATCHES Create buffer strips between the Propose new areas of wood growing fields and canals to reduce nitrate flows to promote biodiversity on a miinto ground watercourses by leaching. cro-scale.
Figure 3.3.8 Vegetation composition
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Figure 3.3.9 Detailed master plan of the farmstead by 2033 - 1/1000
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Figure 3.3.10 Detailed section of the farmstead
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CROP TIN A ROT
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BEYOND MONOCULTURE BEYOND INTENSIVE FARMING From ordinary farming methods to organic farming and natural farming.
Figure 3.3.11 Evolution of farming methods and farmhouse uses
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2033 NATURAL FARMING
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Figure 3.3.12 Illustration of the greenhouse
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SUSTAINABLE DIARY FARMING Propose outdoor grazing and keeping calves next to mother cows to improve cow welfares and diary productivity and quality. Start energy production from residual products and waste from cow rai-
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sing and nearby agriculture.
NEW INTERESTS Propose farmstay and coworking facilities to bring people the knowledge of sustainable farming. Start international research center to study and apply innovative methods to the local production processes.
Figure 3.3.13 Evolution of the diary farm
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NEW ALITY HOSP INTERS
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Figure 3.3.14 Bird view of the area by 2033
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Figure 3.3.15 Territorial interactions by 2033
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96 3.4 Forest shuttle corridor
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Figure 3.4.1 Master plan of Forest shuttle corridor
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MENTAL REFRESHMENT This corridor is localted in the meeting zone of the agricultural landscape and the mountainous one. Sport activities such as hiking and cycling are strengthened to bring people closer to nature. Resting platforms and sightseeing pavilions are proposed to optimize people’s experience.
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Figure 3.4.2 Strategic timeline of Forest shuttle corridor
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Figure 3.4.3 Master plan of zoom-in area
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SLOW MOBILITY Promote cycling - hiking routes and shortcuts through forests as public interests.
Figure 3.4.4 Main slow mobility network
Figure 3.4.5 Zoom-in view of the intersection
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ECOLOGICAL NETWORK Propose new forest areas to promote local flora species and wildness experience for citizens.
Figure 3.4.6 Vegetation composition
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Figure 3.4.7 Detailed master plan of the viewpoint platform and art exhibition by 2033 - 1/2000
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Figure 3.4.8 Detailed section of the viewpoint platform and art exhibition - 1/500
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Figure 3.4.9 Evolution of the vegetation corridor
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INCLUSIVE INFRASTRUCTURE Reprofile infrastructure with adding new facilities to enhance accessibility and landscape views for pedestrians and cyclists.
Figure 3.4.10 Evolution of resting and viewpoint area
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2033 SEASONAL SERVICES
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CAMPING ARE
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CAMPING AREA AS A NEW INTEREST Propose new camping areas inside the existing and to-be-grown forest with introducing local plants.
Figure 3.4.11 Evolution of the camping area
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TIPLE MU CAMPING ARE
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Figure 3.4.12 Illustration of the camping area
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Figure 3.4.13 Bird view of the area by 2033
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Figure 3.4.14 Territorial interactions by 2033
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List of figures Chapter 1 - SWOT analysis
Figure 1.1.1
Map of Piacenza biodiversity
Figure 1.1.2
Map of demographic and logistics strengths
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Figure 1.1.3
Collage of strengths
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Figure 1.2.1
Map of weaknesses
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Figure 1.2.2 Collage of weaknesses
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Figure 1.3.1
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Map of logistics opportunities
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Figure 1.3.2 Map of historical interest opportunities
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Figure 1.3.3 Collage of opportunities
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Figure 1.4.1
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Map of threats
Figure 1.4.2 Collage of threats
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Figure 1.5.1
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SWOT systhesis
Chapter 2 - Concept Figure 2.1.1
Conceptual drawing
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Figure 2.2.1 General master plan
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Figure 2.2.2 Vegetation and biodiversity strategy
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Figure 2.2.3 Mobility network strategy
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Figure 2.2.4 Local potentials
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Chapter 3 - Scenario
Figure 3.1.1
Interaction among the 3 corridors
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Figure 3.1.2
Strategies
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Figure 3.2.1 Master plan of Farm-schooling corridor
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Figure 3.2.2 Strategic timeline of Farm-schooling corridor
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Figure 3.2.3 Master plan of zoom-in area
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Figure 3.2.4 Main slow mobility network
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Figure 3.2.5 Proposed intersection
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Figure 3.2.6 Ecological network
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Figure 3.2.7 Ecological corridors in urban and rural areas
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Figure 3.2.8 Vegetation composition
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Figure 3.2.9 Evolution of farming educational center
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Figure 3.2.10 Evolution of place of farming interest
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Figure 3.2.11 Detailed master plan of the educational crop area by 2033
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Figure 3.2.12 Detailed sections of the area
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Figure 3.2.13 Abandoned space in the city periphery
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Figure 3.2.14 Proposal for the abandoned space by 2033
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Figure 3.2.15 Bird view of the area by 2033
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Figure 3.2.16 Territorial interactions by 2033
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3.2 Farm-schooling corridor
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3.1 Overview
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List of figures 3.3 Field-crossing corridor
Figure 3.3.1 Master plan of Field-crossing corridor
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Figure 3.3.2 Strategic timeline of Field-crossing corridor
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Figure 3.3.3 Master plan of zoom-in area
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Figure 3.3.4 Main slow mobility network
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Figure 3.3.5 Solution for reprofiling car roads
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Figure 3.3.6 Ecological network
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Figure 3.3.7 Evolution of buffer strips
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Figure 3.3.8 Vegetation composition
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Figure 3.3.9 Detailed master plan of the farmstead by 2033
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Figure 3.3.10 Detailed section of the farmstead
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Figure 3.3.11 Evolution of farming methods and farmhouse uses
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Figure 3.3.12 Illustration of the greenhouse
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Figure 3.3.13 Evolution of the diary farm
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Figure 3.3.14 Bird view of the area by 2033
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Figure 3.3.15 Territorial interactions by 2033
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Figure 3.4.1 Master plan of Forest shuttle corridor
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Figure 3.4.2 Strategic timeline of Forest shuttle corridor
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Figure 3.4.3 Master plan of zoom-in area
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Figure 3.4.4 Main slow mobility network
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Figure 3.4.5 Zoom-in view of the intersection
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Figure 3.4.6 Vegetation composition
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Figure 3.4.7 Detailed master plan of the viewpoint platform and art exhibition by 2033
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Figure 3.4.8 Detailed section of the viewpoint platform and art exhibition
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Figure 3.4.9 Evolution of the vegetation corridor
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Figure 3.4.10 Evolution of resting and viewpoint areaa
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Figure 3.4.11 Evolution of the camping area
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Figure 3.4.12 Illustration of the camping area
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Figure 3.4.13 Bird view of the area by 2033
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Figure 3.4.14 Territorial interactions by 2033
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Bibliography Agnieszka Ewa Lawniczak,corresponding author Janina Zbierska, Bogumił Nowak, Krzysztof Achtenberg, Artur Grzeskowiak, and Krzysztof Kanas, 2016, “Impact of agriculture and land use on nitrate contamination in groundwater and running waters in central-west Poland”, Introduction Benedetta Antonielli, Oriol Monserrat, Marco Bonini, Nicola Cenni, N´uria Devanth´ery, Gaia Righini and Federico Sani, 2016, “Persistent Scatterer Interferometry analysis of ground deformation in the Po Plain (Piacenza-Reggio Emilia sector, Northern Italy): seismo-tectonic implications”, Conclusion A. Novara, L. Gristina, F. Guaitoli, A. Santoro, and A. Cerd`a, 2013, ‘Managing soil nitrate with cover crops and buffer strips in Sicilian vineyards’. Natural Resources Conservation Service Iowa, United States Department of Agriculture, 2022, ‘Treating Nitrates’. Natural Resources Conservation Service Iowa, United States Department of Agriculture, 2009, ‘Cover Crops’. Megan Schilling, 2019, ‘Reduce nitrate loss on your farm - Saturated buffers are affordable and effective for edge-of-field conservation’.
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Yu Luzhu
Zhu Chaoyi
2021-2022
Zhang Yudi
Wu Hongtai
Urban & Environmental Design Studio
Le The Viet Hoang
GROUP 6
Le The Viet Hoang, Wu Hongtai, Yu Luzhu, Zhang Yudi, Zhu Chaoyi