MAT 300 Unit 1 Milestone 1 Exam Answer Sophia Course Many sets Click below link for Answers https://www.sobtell.com/q/tutorial/default/206478-mat-300-unit-1-milestone-1-exam-answersophia-cour-s1137 https://www.sobtell.com/q/tutorial/default/206478-mat-300-unit-1-milestone-1-exam-answersophia-cour-s1137
An art teacher is trying to determine which class to offer next summer. She passes out a slip of paper to some of the students in the class asking them whether or not they liked her course, and what class they would most like to see offered in the summer. Which type of statistical study is the art teacher conducting? • A single-blind study • A double-blind study • A survey • A census 2 A shoe retailer decides to record the styles and sizes of shoes that his customers choose. He records this data for an entire year by keeping track of his customers' purchases. Which statement accurately describes the type of data the shoe retailer is collecting? • The shoe retailer is receiving raw data on shoe sizes and styles from nearby shoe companies. • The shoe retailer is receiving available data on shoe sizes and styles from nearby shoe companies.
• The shoe retailer is gathering raw data because he is recording shoe sizes and styles by himself. • The shoe retailer is gathering available data because customers tell him which shoe sizes and styles they prefer. 3 To determine what percentage of 376 teachers at a university were female, Ryan randomly selected 14 teachers. He then collected and analyzed his data. Select the statement that is TRUE. • There are 14 teachers in Ryan's sample, and 376 teachers are in the population. • None of the answer choices are true. • There are 14 teachers in Ryan's sample, and 362 teachers in the population. • There are 376 teachers in Ryan's sample, and 14 teachers are in the population. 4 Several scientific and statistical studies have been done to determine whether or not pollutants in soil increase the incidence of cancer. A study based on many previous studies summarizes that there is no link between pollutants in soil and cancer. This kind of statistical study is called a __________. • Matched-pair design • Clinical trial •
Prospective study • Retrospective study 5 Aaron has designed a trial to test a new energy drink. Fifty individuals in the treatment group try the new energy drink every day for two weeks, and they describe a moderate increase in their energy levels. Fifty individuals in the control group drink sugar water every day for two weeks, and they describe a significant increase in their energy levels. What has Aaron observed? • The margin of error • The placebo effect • A confounding variable • A sampling error 6 A grocery store owner asked the first 20 children who visited the store one day about their favorite snack. This is what type of sampling? • Convenience sampling • Stratified sampling • Voluntary response sampling
• Systematic sampling 7 A survey conducted among students in the school cafeteria asked a set of questions listed below. Which survey question would produce a qualitative response? • How many hours do you spend reading books every day? • How many cups of fruit juice do you drink daily? • What is your favorite dish? • How many servings of fruit do you eat each day? 8 To test the effectiveness of a new, cholesterol-lowering drug, a group of researchers recruits 200 volunteers with high cholesterol to take part in a study. The researchers place the numbers 1 through 200 in a hat and have each participant select a number. Those who picked an odd number receive the new drug, while those who picked an even number receive a placebo. Which experimental design are the researchers using? • Representative Sample Design • Matched-Pair Design • Randomized Block Design
• Completely Randomized Design 9 A hunter is practicing his aim using a practice target. He takes 5 shots. All 5 shots hit the target, but they do not hit or surround the bullseye. In addition, all 5 shots are very spread apart on the target. Classify the hunter's accuracy and precision. • Low accuracy and low precision • High accuracy and high precision • Low accuracy and high precision • High accuracy and low precision 10 A poll was conducted two weeks before an election and showed that the incumbent would win with 54% of the vote, with a 3% margin of error. What is the confidence interval for this poll? • 48% to 60% • 54% - 3% • 54% + 3% • 51% to 57%
11 Researchers want to test the effects of a new weight loss program. They believe that gender is a significant factor. The participants are divided by gender. Then, within each group, participants are randomly assigned to either the treatment or control group. Which of the following would be the most effective to test the effects of the new weight loss program? • A randomized block design experiment • A matched-pair design experiment • A completely randomized design experiment • A longitudinal observational study 12 A travel agency contacted a department store and obtained the list of all people who made purchases using their credit cards at the store in the last month. The agency then surveyed a random sample from the list, calling them to ask their preference for air travel or train travel for taking holidays. Which of the following types of bias affects the conclusions of the survey? • Deliberate bias • Response bias • Selection bias • Non-response bias
13 Of 400 randomly selected people in the city of Lyon, France, 60 people had the first name Hugo. Which of these does NOT represent inferential statistics? • 15% of the people who live in Europe have the first name Hugo. • 15% of the people who live in Lyon have the first name Hugo. • 15% of the people surveyed have the first name Hugo. • 15% of the people who live in France have the first name Hugo. 14 A different coffee seller offered to sell coffee to Jenae's company for half the cost of their current brand. Jenae knew her co-workers were really partial to the coffee they drank now, so she decided to conduct a study to see if they noticed the difference in flavor. Her co-workers were convinced they would. To avoid any bias, Jenae had a friend provide each person with a sample and said that some had the new coffee and some did not. Not even Jenae knew who had which brand of coffee. Jenae's strategy is an example of a(n) ________. • randomized experiment • matched-pair designed experiment • blind experiment •
completely randomized experiment 15 Jessica uses a poorly calibrated stopwatch to note the finish time of a relay race. She noted the time as 125 seconds, whereas the actual time taken was 120 seconds. The percent error in Jessica's calculation is __________. • -4.0% • 4.2% • -4.2% 4.0% 16 Which of these random samples represents a representative sample of the number of students who enjoy science class? • 30 students who participated in the science fair • 30 students who failed science class last year • 30 students who received high grades in their science class last semester • 30 students in the lunchroom () 17 A trainer is studying the effects of vitamin D on his athletes. He has realized that there are many potential confounding factors, such as gender and age. To limit the effect of these confounding variables, he decided to first group two athletes together based on these
variables (for example, two 21-year-old males). Then he randomly assigned one person to receive the vitamin D and the other to receive a sugar pill. What type of experimental design does this situation demonstrate? • Completely Randomized Design • Randomized Block Design • Simple Random Design • Matched-Pair Design 18 Select the correct statement regarding experiments. • A researcher can neither control the environment nor observe the response. • A researcher cannot control the environment but can observe the response. • A researcher can control the environment but cannot observe the response. • A researcher can control the environment and observe the response. 19 You skipped this question and it was marked incorrect. “Ugh,” Daniel says as he notices an office memo on his desk. It had been a fun weekend, and Monday morning came much too soon. He goes to the kitchen to refill his coffee mug. On the way, he runs into Sean, who asks, “How do you feel about the new office dress code?” Which type of question has Sean asked?
• Open question • Closed question • Closed and binomial question • Open and binomial question 20 Jenae noticed that many of her co-workers would opt for the coffee that appeared to be most recently brewed, regardless of the flavor of the coffee offered. This leads her to believe that what she was witnessing was not really representative of everyone's true flavor preferences. She adapted her experimental study accordingly. Select one control in Jenae's experimental study. • Jenae uses different locations in the kitchen for the coffee pots. • Jenae makes sure that the coffee in different pots is brewed at the same time. • Jenae places condiments at random places throughout the kitchen. • Jenae monitors the habits of the co-workers who do not drink coffee. 21 Which of the following data types will be continuous? • The amount of snow that fell last night
• The letter grade Tyron received on an English test • The number of books in the school library • The number of students who like chocolate or strawberry or vanilla ice-cream flavors 22 At a school of 900 students, 20% have blue eyes. A student randomly selects 100 students and finds 17% of them have blue eyes. A second student takes another random sample of 90 students and finds 24% of them have blue eyes. Which of the following explains why there is a difference between the two percentages? • The sample sizes were both too small. • The samples were not random samples. • Random error; the numbers were different due to variability inherent in sampling. • Both samples suffered from non-response bias. 23 Choose the statement that accurately describes how a city government could apply systematic random sampling. • Every individual over the age of 18 is selected to participate in a survey about city services. • Every resident is divided into groups, and 1,000 people are randomly selected to participate in a survey about city services.
• Every resident in five neighborhoods is selected to participate in a survey about city services. • Every fifth person in a population is selected to participate in a survey about city services. 24 The manager of a food company wants to conduct a survey to find out whether consumers like or dislike a new brand of soup that was recently launched. Which of the following data collection methods is mostly likely to get unbiased results? • Ask the employees in the company which soup is the best. • Ask customers who visit the grocery store nearest to the manager's house which soup they like the best. • Ask distributors who supply the products to local retailers about the popularity of different soup brands. • Ask customers who visit retailers within a 15 mile radius of the company headquarters. 25 A team of researchers want to measure the distance covered while driving compared to a car's driving speed. Which statement is correct? • The speed of the car is a response variable. • The speed of the car is a confounding variable. •
The speed of the car is a dependent variable. • The speed of the car is an explanatory variable. 26 The following shows the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for the years 2000-2005. All of the values use a reference year of 1983.
Which of the following is true about the CPI, based on the information? • $100 in 2005 would be equivalent to $194.50 in 1983. • $100 in 2001 would have been worth 189.70 in 1983. • $100 in 2000 would be equivalent to $183.70 in 2003. • $100 in 1983 would be equivalent to $172.40 in 2000. 27 An appliance store manager noted that the sales of home appliances contributed 74% of the store's profits in the year 2010 and 82% in the year 2011. Of the following choices, which statement about home appliance sales is true? • Home appliance sales increased profits by 8%. • Home appliance sales increased profits by 9.75 percentage points. • Home appliance sales increased profits by 9.75%.
• Home appliance sales increased profits by 8 percentage points. 28 A local school newspaper's editor wants to survey students to determine the approval rating of the current student council president. How would the newspaper apply the cluster sampling method to find this information? • The newspaper staff surveys every student in a randomly selected grade. • The newspaper staff surveys only the female students in the entire school. • The newspaper staff surveys 30 students from each grade in the school. • The newspaper staff surveys random students from every grade in the school. 29 The owner of a new store on Main Street wants to turn the boulevard outside into extra parking spaces because she is concerned about parking availability. She randomly selects 500 residents of the town to take a survey, and these individuals have confirmed their participation. One of the survey questions reads, “Many residents believe the lack of available parking on Main Street is a major problem, and extra spaces along the boulevard would help. Do you agree?" The store owner's survey could suffer from which type of bias? • Selection bias • There is no evidence of bias in the way this survey is carried out. • Response bias
• Nonresponse bias 1 Which of the following data types will be continuous? The number of students who like chocolate or strawberry or vanilla ice-cream flavors The letter grade Tyron received on an English test The number of books in the school library The amount of snow that fell last night 2 A hunter is practicing his aim using a practice target. He takes 5 shots. All 5 shots hit the target, but they do not hit or surround the bullseye. In addition, all 5 shots are very spread apart on the target. Classify the hunter's accuracy and precision. Low accuracy and high precision Low accuracy and low precision High accuracy and low precision High accuracy and high precision 3 A retail brand plans to open its stores across all cities with a population of more than one million. To prepare for this, it refers to the past year's census done by the government. Which statement accurately describes the type of data the retail brand is using? The census is an example of available data because the government provides it. The census is an example of raw data because the government provides it. The retail brand is relying on available data because customers provide information to the census. The retail brand is relying on raw data because it has to ask for permission to use the census. 4 A survey conducted among students in the school cafeteria asked a set of questions listed below. Which survey question would produce a qualitative response? How many servings of fruit do you eat each day? What is your favorite dish? How many hours do you spend reading books every day?
How many cups of fruit juice do you drink daily? 5 Which of these statements best defines a stratified random sample? It is a sample where the population is divided into roughly equal groups, and then elements are randomly selected from each group. It is a sample where every nth element of the population is selected in a sequence. It is a sample in which every element has the same chance of being selected from the total population. It is a sample where the population is first broken into groups and then elements are randomly selected, in proportion, from each group. 6 Ben is measuring the effect that the potential energy of an object has on the height of an object's bounce. Which variable represents the height of an object's bounce? Confounding variable Response variable Explanatory variable Independent variable 7 Sam counts how many people came to the local political meeting. He counts 72 people, but forgot about the 4 people sitting behind him. The percent error in his calculation is __________. -5.3% 50% -2.8% 5.6% 8 A survey was conducted to find the frequency with which people go to the movies. A group of 120 people in a mall were asked about how often they go out for a movie and It was found that 36 people go to movies at least once in a month. Which of these is an example of descriptive statistics? 30% of the people surveyed in the mall go to movies at least once in a month.
30% of the people who reside in the city go to movies at least once in a month. 30% of the people who visited the mall go to movies at least once in a month. 30% of the people who reside in the county go to movies at least once in a month. 9 Select the correct statement regarding experiments. A researcher can carefully control the explanatory variables but not observe human responses. A researcher can ignore explanatory variables and observe human responses. A researcher can observe the explanatory variables but not control human responses. A researcher can carefully control the explanatory variables and observe human responses. 10 The manager of an amusement park conducts a survey among the people visiting the park to learn their favorite rides. Out of 100 people randomly selected to complete the survey, 25 people have chosen not to participate. The manager's survey suffers from which of the following types of bias? There is no bias in the way this survey is carried out. Nonresponse bias Response bias Selection bias 11 Choose the statement that accurately describes how a city government could apply systematic random sampling. Every fifth person in a population is selected to participate in a survey about city services. Every resident in five neighborhoods is selected to participate in a survey about city services. Every individual over the age of 18 is selected to participate in a survey about city services. Every resident is divided into groups, and 1,000 people are randomly selected to participate in a survey about city services. 12 Melissa is conducting a survey of her classmates because her teacher wants the class to learn more about hygiene habits. Melissa has developed a list of 10 questions. “Do you brush your teeth every day?” is the first question she asks. Which type of question is Melissa asking?
Open and binomial question Closed question Open question Closed and binomial question 13 Jenae noticed that many of her co-workers would opt for the coffee that appeared to be most recently brewed, regardless of the flavor of the coffee offered. This leads her to believe that what she was witnessing was not really representative of everyone's true flavor preferences. She adapted her experimental study accordingly. Select one control in Jenae's experimental study. Jenae takes note of the frequency in which co-workers refill their coffee mugs. Jenae monitors the habits of the co-workers who do not drink coffee. Jenae places condiments at random places throughout the kitchen. Jenae keeps the same amount of sugar and artificial sweetener at each location. 14 Which of these random samples represents a representative sample of the number of students who enjoy science class? 30 students in the lunchroom 30 students who failed science class last year 30 students who received high grades in their science class last semester 30 students who participated in the science fair 15 Aaron has designed a trial to test a new energy drink. Fifty individuals in the treatment group try the new energy drink every day for two weeks, and they describe a moderate increase in their energy levels. Fifty individuals in the control group drink sugar water every day for two weeks, and they describe a significant increase in their energy levels. What has Aaron observed? A sampling error The placebo effect A confounding variable The margin of error 16
The following shows the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for the years 2000-2005. All of the values use a reference year of 1983. Which of the following is true about the CPI, based on the information? $100 in 2003 would be equivalent to $183.70 in 1983. $100 in 1983 would be equivalent to $178 in 2001. $100 in 2000 would be equivalent to $194.50 in 2005. $100 in 2002 would have been worth $189.70 in 1983. 17 A trainer is studying the effects of vitamin D on his athletes. He has realized that there are many potential confounding factors, such as gender and age. To limit the effect of these confounding variables, he decided to first group two athletes together based on these variables (for example, two 21-year-old males). Then he randomly assigned one person to receive the vitamin D and the other to receive a sugar pill. What type of experimental design does this situation demonstrate? Simple Random Design Randomized Block Design Completely Randomized Design Matched-Pair Design 18 A factory manufactures motorcycles. One of its employees, working in the quality control department, checks the first 10 and the last 10 motorcycles manufactured in a day. This is what type of sampling? Voluntary response sampling Stratified sampling Systematic sampling Convenience sampling 19 A university wants to survey its undergraduates about their satisfaction with the new website. The university researchers pasted a link to the survey on the new website. A majority of the surveys showed that students were happy with the new website and found it easy to use. The university concluded that the website was fine and did not make any changes. However, on Friday, hundreds of students turned up at the Undergraduate Student Committee meeting complaining about how difficult it was to navigate the new website. University
researchers realized that placing the survey on the website meant that people who liked the website were more likely to access the survey. Which of the following types of bias affected the survey's conclusions? Selection bias Deliberate bias Response bias Non-response bias 20 A scientist is conducting a study on the effect of eating chocolate and overall mood. They believe that gender is a significant factor. The participants are divided by gender. Then, within each group, participants are randomly assigned to consume either chocolate or a placebo and then rate their mood for the day. This experiment will run for two weeks. Which type of experimental design does this situation describe? Case-Control Design Matched-Pair Design Randomized Block Design Completely Randomized Design 21 Rob sent an email survey to 2,000 cell phone owners asking about their satisfaction with their current plan. Only 256 people returned the survey and they were predominately 18-24 years old. Which of the following statements is true? The survey likely has bias because the people who could not answer differ from those who did answer. The survey suffers from census issues because only 256 people responded. Rob is ignoring the assumption that all survey participants will want to act independently. Rob included too many people on the survey list, affecting the data collected. 22 A poll conducted a week before the school election to the student council showed that Janice would win with 63% of the vote. The margin of error was 14%. If Janice needs to receive at least half the votes to win the election, can we be confident of Janice's victory? Yes, because the poll stated that she will win with 63% of the vote. No, because she could receive as low as 49% of the vote.
No, because she could receive as low as 14% of the vote. Yes, because she could receive as much as 77% of the vote. 23 A survey result shows that cell phone usage among teenagers rose from 63% in 2006 to 71% in 2008. Of the following choices, which statement about cell phone use among teenagers is true? Cell phone usage rose by 8%. Cell phone usage rose by 12.7 percentage points. Cell phone usage rose by 12.7%. Cell phone usage rose by 11.2 percentage points. 24 An insurance firm wants to estimate the percentage of senior citizens in a small town with approximately 2,534 residents. It asks a group of 85 randomly selected people in the town about their age. Select the statement that is TRUE. None of the answer choices are true. The sample is 85 people. The population is 2,449 people. The sample is 85 people. The population is 2,534 people. The sample is 2,534 people. The population is 85 people. 25 A different coffee seller offered to sell coffee to Jenae's company for half the cost of their current brand. Jenae knew her co-workers were really partial to the coffee they drank now, so she decided to conduct a study to see if they noticed the difference in flavor. Her co-workers were convinced they would. To avoid any bias, Jenae had a friend provide each person with a sample and said that some had the new coffee and some did not. Not even Jenae knew who had which brand of coffee. Jenae's strategy is an example of a(n) ________. randomized experiment matched-pair designed experiment completely randomized experiment blind experiment 26 In a study to assess the risk of obesity with the amount of time exercised per week, researchers matched each patient, in a sample of 500 people who are obese, with a person of
the same ethnicity, gender, and age (along with other similar characteristics) who is not obese. The researchers asked the patients and their matches a series of questions, and then tracked eating and exercise habits regularly for several years. Which type of statistical study are the researchers conducting? Case-control study Retrospective study Designed experiment Prospective study 27 A sports trainer is going to do an experiment on the effect of Vitamin D supplements and his athletes. He randomly assigns all of his patients to either take Vitamin D supplements or take a placebo. What type of experimental design does this situation illustrate? Simple Random Matched-Pair Completely Randomized Randomized Block 28 At a school of 900 students, 20% have blue eyes. A student randomly selects 100 students and finds 17% of them have blue eyes. A second student takes another random sample of 90 students and finds 24% of them have blue eyes. Which of the following explains why there is a difference between the two percentages? The sample sizes were both too small. The samples were not random samples. Random error; the numbers were different due to variability inherent in sampling. Both samples suffered from non-response bias. 29 The owner of a pizza parlor called every fifth person who ordered pizza last week to rate the pizza. What type of statistical study is this? An observational study A census A survey
ï‚· An experiment