- The Flyover case – Fragmentation of Ledeberg, Ghent
BELLE-VUE CHURCH
REINTERPRETATION OF THE EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE Use of the WASTELAND on the underside of the FLYOVER
Studio
MAIG
semester 1 2017/2018 KU LEUVEN Ludmila Andreoli Parekh
1. Location and History
Ledeberg is a sub municipality located on the south-east of the city of Ghent, in the province of East Flanders, Belgium. It is the smallest of the sub municipalities, but the most dense in population, with 1.09 km2 of area, density of 7,8/km2, and a total of 8,500 people.
Belgium
Ghent Ledeberg
In the 1970’s, the plan to construct a high way on the same route as the old railway that used to reach to the Zuid park, sliced Ledeberg in half, separating the area around the church from the Belle-Vue neighborhood.
The city of Ghent built new developments to allocate the inhabitants who where moved from their dwellings to accommodate the new high way, the B401, coming straight to Ghent center, not a very common situation in the Flanders region.
2. Today’s situation and what is on the news
BELLE-VUE side
The proposal of the high way B401 demolition and extension of the Zuid Park it will be only a dream… The
‌until concrete alternatives are shonwed by a new mobility plan whether Ghent remains sufficiently accessible for residents and visitors, and what will be the impact on the environment.
CHURCH side
3. Personal findings
A
B
First impression, a disparity between the infrastructures and the human scale
High CO2 levels and sound pollution
High - >75DB Moderate - 60-64 dB Low - 50-54dB
river Scheldt
When we walk, cycles and drive along side the heavy traffic in this area, we ask ourselves if the dialogue of cars and city is in sync with human needs. Air pollution and noise pollution affects both health and behavior. Unwanted sound can damage psychological health. It can cause hypertension, high stress levels, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and other harmful effects. At the water level (under the bridge), even with this chaotic situation, we still find calm and quiet.
Health effects of sound pollution
Reaction to noise Encounters: Meeting people on the streets we understand that some, living in this neighborhood, use the flyover to go to work but they don’t like the LOOK of it. Others, don’t use the flyover, don’t HEAR and are not disturbed by it because living few blocks in to the neighborhood of Ledeberg the precedent blocks work as a shield and baffles the sound from the busy highway. Moreover, if you try to meet and talk to someone crossing the river Scheldt using the bridge, you will not be able to TALK. Even going through these different moments in one day we found that in the lower level at the canal level, under the bridge it is possible to see two fishermen having a relaxing day close to the flyover, one of the spots of quiet zone. Information: 1. A Flyover can reach 110 db as an outdoor noise this is equal to a Rock band playing 5 meters away in a indoors environment; 2. Accordingly to WHO (World Health Organization) the exposure to sound should not exceed 50-55 db to protect people’s health; 3. The noise affects peoples life, there are studies showing that the noise disrupt our heart beat and we can suffer of heart diseases. Sound analysis: the sound of the highway disturbs more in the lower areas (h=4.50m) of the flyover than in the area where the flyover is higher, the reason it seems to be the traffic noise reflections on the underside of the elevated highway. The noise from the flyover is not clearly perceptible for a pedestrian on the street level.
dB
100 80 60 40 Original sound Reflected sound OSHA
The worse noise is where the ring passes, where there are many intersections. Walking around the adjacent blocks to the elevated highway we can see that the sound decays after 100 meters.
20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 90 100 dist.
Health effects of air pollution
Headache, anxiety Central Nervous System Cardiovascular diseases Liver, spleen, blood Low birth weight, premature birth, small for gestational age, impaired lung development, possible birth defects, possible autism
Eye, ear, nose, throat irritation Difficulty breathing Respiratory irritation, inflammation, infections, asthma, reduced lung function, COPD, lung cancer
Image: Transportation and Public Health: An Urbanist Conundrum BETTY DABNEY
SOUNDSCAPE SECTION
4. Anthropological studies SECTION
TOPOGRAPHY OF SOUND Ludmila Parekh / Atdhe Hogoshti
SOUNDSCAPE SECTION Soundscape section under the bridge
SOUNDSCAPE SECTION Soundscape section through the tunnel
Plan
PLAN
0
5
15
Ninon Jardot / Louise Leroux
SECTION
SECTION
PLAN
5
15
50 m
0
5
15
50 m
VOCABULARY OF CARS
PLAN
0
Plan: Traffic area
Plan : Traffic area Scale 1 : 500
50 m
TRAJECTORIES Louise (23)
Gerard (35)
Student By bike
Employee By bike
« I like to change my routes. Sometimes along the water or in different streets. It’s always hard to cross under the flyover at the ring ».
« Even though i live on the other side of the flyover, i like to come to this side because it a safe cycling route with a nice scenery ».
Bikes
Bikes
Pedestrian
Pedestrian
Louise (23)
Gerard (35)
Student By bike
Employee By bike
« I like to change my routes. Sometimes along the water or in different streets. It’s always hard to cross under the flyover at the ring ».
« Even though i live on the other side of the flyover, i like to come to this side because it a safe cycling route with a nice scenery ».
Louise (23) Louise-(23) Student by bike
”I like Student to change my By bike routes. Sometimes « I like to change my routes. Sometimes along the water or in along the water or in different streets. It’s always hard to cross under the flyover at different streets. the ring ». It’s always hard to cross under the flyover at the ring” Cars
Public transport
Cars
Demolishing the flyover it may not be a sustainable strategy considering the environmental impacts;
Use of the vacant space under the flyover it would be crucial to unify and maximize the potential of the neighborhood with new pedestrians and bicycles trajectories, new meeting points, and to reduce the importance of cars;
Removing the transit of cars from under the elevated structure will reduce the reflection of the sound on the underside of the flyover, in addition a built element it would work as a baffler and decrease de sound pollution;
Giving a new use to the elevated highway will include it to the its urban and economical context.
MEETING POINTS
REMARKS FOR INTERVENTION
Luisa RMZ Agathe De Coninck
Rayan Adra / Morgane Gex / Toufik Jerige / Samu Leppännen
5. The location of the intervention
Ghent
FLYOVER
Antwerp
0
1000m
The area chosen for intervention it is the most air polluted and noisy area around the flyover, because of the new circulation plan in Ghent, the cars go around the city ring, R40, meeting the flyover at that point, creating annoyance to its inhabitants and passers;
The reinterpretation of the existing infrastructure, use of the city waterway and the improvement of the life quality in this area is the main focus of my intervention
0
R40 Flyover
Algae Urban Farm on the flyover Change trajectory priority under the flyover
Green Boulevard connecting commuters from City Centre to the flyover on both sides
250m
6. Changing trajectories priority (Phase 1)
Pedestrian + Bicycles Vehicles Underutilized space Tram + Bus
PRIORITY
River
0
4
6
10m
EXISTING CONDITION
0
Pedestrian + Bicycles Vehicles Tram + Bus River Algae Urban Farm
2
2
4
6
PRIORITY 30 km/h zone
Algae Urban Farm
PROPOSED
10m
PRIORITY
Pedestrian + Bicycles Vehicles Underutilized space Tram + Bus River
EXISTING CONDITION
Boulevard
No more cars crossing on street level, only through the tunnel PRIORITY 30 km/h zone
Pedestrian + Bicycles Vehicles Tram + Bus River Algae Urban Farm
PROPOSED
LOCAL LANE / RESIDENTS ACCESS
Existing Boulevard New Boulevard Tram + Bus
SITE PLAN – CHANGING TRAJECTORIES - PHASE 1
Exist. Parking
Local lane Boulevard/Bike Path Faster lane
Flyover Greenery Faster lane Local lane
EXISITNG SITE PLAN
Pedestrian + Bicycles Vehicles
- 30 km/h zone
7. Reinterpretation of the existing structure: FLYOVER AS A LAB (Phase 2) After a pulse of CO2 is emitted into the atmosphere, 40% will remain in the atmosphere for 100 years and 20% will reside for 1000 years, while the final 10% will take 10,000 years to turn over. This literally means that the heat-trapping emissions we release today from our cars and power plants are setting the climate our children and grandchildren will inherit. Table CO2 monitoring Ghent 2011-2014
Air temperature measured on a Saturday night 22:00 -23:00 in February-2012 <25o C
25-26o C
27-28o C
28o C
Source: Layout of a heat map and analysis of it urban heat island effect for Ghent (Vito-UGent-AMRP)
2011
2012
2013 2014
local traffic
259
239
241
245
highway traffic
267
268
271
268
A = 156.2km2
268 kilotons
243,125 metric tons of CO2 / year
Estimative of the impact of having an Algae Farm in this neighborhood
Algae Farm structure A = 6000 m2 Cleans: 15,000 metric tons of CO2 per year Produces: 8 metric tons of biomass per year Equivalent to 1 acres of woodland and 90 kg per day of protein.
ALGAE URBAN FARM
8 km2 can be the impact of the Algae Urban Farm.
CIRCULATION RING AND THE FLYOVER AND PARTIAL MAP OF GENT
Producing 1kg of biofuel a day it is possible to power any European home.
How the Algae Urban Farm works
WATER AND ALGAE (RIVER) CARBON DIOXIDE (ATMOSPHERE)
FILTERED WATER ALGAE URBAN FARM
OXYGEN
SUNLIGHT
BIOMASS
PROCESSING
Biomass leads to more than 80% carbon dioxide emissions reduction
BIOFUEL Bio-diesel & electricity
NUTRIENTS Food products & supplements
MEDICATION
COSMETICS
MATERIALS
Health & medicinal applications
Personal care products
Plastics alternatives for 3D printing
pump + vessel Filter+ Water reserve
1
Photo-bioreactor
2
Automated cleaning system
3
Pump house
4
Filter system
5
Computerized Control system
6
Feeding Vessel
7
Water pump
WHAT IT NEEDS
7
1 4
6
1
2 5
3
cad-block.com
cad-block.com
cad-block.com cad-block.com
cad-block.com cad-block.com
cad-block.com cad-block.com
A
PLAN â&#x20AC;&#x201C; THE FLYOVER AS A LAB - PHASE 2
B
B
Informal outdoors library
QUOTE: There is a Japanese saying, “living under one roof,” which means various and different individuals get together and team up, and this project is a technical and innovative translation of this expression.
PRINCIPAL MATERIALS: cad-block.com cad-block.com
cad-block.com cad-block.com
cad-block.com cad-block.com
cad-block.com cad-block.com
A
Steel Frame
Reclaimed recycled materials
Transparent tubes
Oil biodiesel Production
Public Toilets
Pellets for heating Production
SECTION A – ALGAE URBAN FARM – UNDER/ OVER ONE ROOF
ALGAE URBAN FARM PLAN – TUBULAR TRANSPARENT PHOTO BIOREACTOR
Public Toilets
Algae Workshop
Snack bar
Research
Library
Market Algae Products Food
CONCLUSION
Market Algae Products Cosmetics
1.
The Algae Urban Farm can become a pilot project;
2.
The intervention maximize the potential of its neighborhood and unify both sides;
3.
Use of the wasteland under the flyover;
4.
Use of the local waterway for water and algae reproduction;
5.
Production of oxygen, improvement of its inhabitantâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s life;
6.
Absorption of the pollutant gas carbon dioxide, impacting in a positive way on the climate change.
Pharmacy
Steel structure Vertical Garden
Light Steel Structure and transparent tubes
Boulevard/ Bike and Pedestrian path
Vessel/Pump/Filter (Photo Bioreactor Machine)
Space to store excess Biomass
SECTION B – ALGAE URBAN FARM – MACHINERY AND COLLECTION OF CO2
Algae Workshop Training, population awareness, do it yourself, and economic possibilities
Snack Bar / Meeting Point
Steel structure Future access to the Flyover/ FlyPark
River Scheldt Water and algae source
Movable tables and chairs
Access to all
Existing Boulevard