LUMIE OKADO Group 6B
INFANT SCHOOL DESIGN STUDIO 2.2
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TABLE OF CONTENTS - DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
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- SITE ANALYSIS
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- PRECEDENTS
10 - 13
- DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
14 - 20
- 1.200 GROUND FLOOR PLAN
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- 1.200 FIRST FLOOR PLAN
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- 1.500 ROOF PLAN IN CONTEXT
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- INTERNAL PERSPECTIVES
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- EXTERNAL PERSPECTIVE
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- 1.200 ELEVATIONS
26 - 27
- 1.200 SECTIONS
28 - 29
- AXONOMETRIC
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- STRUCTURE
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- SUSTAINABILITY
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- FINISHES PERSPECTIVES
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- POST-DESIGN ANALYSIS
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- REFERENCES
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DESIGN STATEMENT MY PHILOSOPHY
For this last Second Year project, we were asked to choose between an infant school and a community hall for the residents around the Firs Field in Bath, UK. We have already implemented two residential/social housing schemes on the site for Project One, along the Firs and the Avenue. Project Two will be located right at the corner of these two streets, which is an opportunity to bring them closer together. The infant school was the obvious choice for me, as I am hoping to specialise in buildings for education in developing countries in the future. Education has played an important role in my life and I had the opportunity to exchange with pupils that did not have the same facilities as us in the West, which made me sensitive to how education should be in order to support children’s wellbeing in the long-term. The school will offer various types of rooms to give children enough space to reach their full potential. The library will be isolated to make sure children can have individual time for themselves, whilst the hall will be used by all years so children can get to know everyone in their school and socialise. I will thus focus on three main elements for this scheme: Environmental Integration, Creative Learning and Community Feel. These three elements will be assessed at the end of the design process as a mean to evaluate the success of my design. I will make sure the site environment will be considered as part of the design rather than as a constraint. Existing trees will be carefully acknowledged and relocation/replanting will be avoided, especially for mature trees on site.
ENVIRONMENTAL
CREATIVE
COMMUNITY
INTEGRATION
LEARNING
FEEL
As for the educational strategy for children in this school, I will make sure they are offered creative learning opportunities that will help them understand and connect with nature, their body and their creativity. Teaching will not only be focused on formal classes, but also on activities such as yoga classes, theatre and music. Passive design strategies will also be considered and exposed to children wherever possible, for them to become aware of the built environment and how construction works. Finally, the school will help maintain the strong existing community around the site, not only by bringing families together on school days, but also by becoming a community hall on weekends and evenings. Activities such as group dance classes and individual music classes could happen in the school.
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SITE ANALYSIS CONTEXT Our site is right at the centre of the existing education buildings around Firs Field, which range from nurseries to private schools. As new dwellings were added in Project One, new families would settle around the field, therefore more children would be in need of education. Being able to have a school next-door will be advantageous and attract clients. The site has numbers of trees which I would like to consider in my design rather than relocating them, especially for mature trees.
HAPPY DAYS NURSERY PRIOR PARK COLLEGE
MULBERRY PARK ET PRIMARY SCHOOL
COMBE DOWN NURSERY COMBE DOWN PRIMARY SCHOOL MONKTON PREP-SCHOOL
EXISTING EDUCATION BUILDINGS AROUND THE SITE GOOGLE MAPS VIEWS WITH SITE TREES
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SITE ANALYSIS THE FIRS The Firs is along the South facade of our site, with a new housing scheme from Project One. The community feel was further developed and encouraged by closing half of the street so as to bring people together in a safe residential green area between the two rows of terraced houses, and restricting cars. The new school will respond to the context in material choices, height and by maintaining the local community feel.
1.500 SOUTH VIEW STREET SECTION
SOUTH WEST
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT V
D BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
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SITE ANALYSIS THE AVENUE Along the Avenue, one can observe various architectural styles, with residential and community buildings of different sizes. The two new residential buildings from Project One will be seen from the North facade of the school, therefore privacy will have to be considered to avoid overlooking the residents’ private garden.
1.500 EAST VIEW SITE SECTION PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
NORTH
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
EAST
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SITE ANALYSIS MATERIAL PALETTE The site displays a palette of mostly Bath stone, and Petersen Tegl bricks from the housing schemes of our first project. It feels legitimate to consider another type of brick from the same factory, perhaps a shade that brings the existing palette together, such as Petersen Tegl D78. The school will also have exposed structure with a timber frame and strawbale insulation, so as to raise awareness amongst people using the building.
PETERSEN TEGL D42
PETERSEN TEGL D71
PETERSEN TEGL D78
SAFELY “EXPOSED” STRAWBALE
EXPOSED TIMBER STRUCTURE
BATH STONE
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SITE ANALYSIS ENCOURAGING WALKING AND CYCLING A car park is accessible on the Firs, both for residents of the new housing scheme from Project One and for visitors. Besides, cars are allowed to park for a short-term stop along the Avenue. However, the site is accessible within less than 5 minutes by foot for local residents as well as bus users; it is therefore legitimate to encourage children to travel to school by foot.
4min
3min
CAR TRAFFIC
2min
1min
CAR PARKS
PEDESTRIAN JOURNEY LENGTH
PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC
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1.1000 SITE PLAN EXTENDING THE SITE The existing Project One parking area was reduced to encourage walking on site. Simultaneously, this site extention for the infant school will allow a better connection between children and Firs Field, helping them become sensitive to the environment and biodiversity.
PROJECT ONE SITE
PROJECT TWO SITE
PRECEDENTS LIBRARY TOONGNATAPIN SCHOOL THAILAND, 2017 Architecture Students from Silpakorn University This library project in Thailand matches my expectations of a learning space; open to nature, where children are free to read as they wish, how and where they desire to. Leasure and play areas are adjacent to the reading space to underline how reading should always be seen as a pleasant activity. In the evening, this library shuts down, adding safety to the scheme.
ABILITY TO READ IN NATURE
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PRECEDENTS CASA DE LAS ESTRELLAS WALDORF SCHOOL, COSTA RICA, 2019 Sala Arquitectos This precedent is well-adapted to its environment, which is very different from the one in the UK. Still, its openness to the surrounding nature, almost like an extention outwards, is an aspect I would like to implement in my scheme. The inclusion of the surrounding trees, the open and multi-purpose halls and the focus on body awareness (yoga) will also be considered.
MULTI-PURPOSE OPEN HALL
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PRECEDENTS MAJIALONG VILLAGE ACTIVITY BUILDING, CHINA, 2019 Mix Architecture This activity building relates to its surrounding existing buildings through the use of a similar roof finish, yet as one gets closer to it, one will notice how modern the building is amongst older village houses. Natural light and large glass openings are used to help users feel connected with the surrounding nature whilst benefiting from natural light. The overhang roof integrates the existing tree by giving it enough space to keep growing.
TREE INTEGRATION AND VIEW OUT
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PRECEDENTS BO MON PRESCHOOL, VIETNAM, 2019 Kientruc O The Bo Mon Preschool in Vietnam follows its context by adopting curves from the mountains and implementing them onto the roof. This also gives the school a very protective feel and allows existing trees to be considered as part of the design process. The circulation corridor is used by children for recreational time as well, and extends outside, blurring the barrier between private and public space. This feeling of freedom will be considered in my design.
ROOF ADAPTATION TO THE SITE
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DESIGN DEVELOPMENT SPACIAL ORGANISATION The project development was purely inspired by the existing trees on site and a strong desire to integrate them in the design. Respecting the surrounding environment and being able to observe the growth of plants will be at the heart of my design ethos.
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CREATIVE LEARNING EDUCATION One aspect I have taken from my precedents is creative learning. Being able to educate children in ways that contribute to their overall well-being, focusing on mental health and environmental sensitivity is, I believe, the future of education. Giving children
NATURE
freedom to connect with their body, their mind and the nature around them is at the heart of this scheme.
MUSIC
BODY
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CREATIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENTAL LEARNING
ENCOURAGING CREATIVE LEARNING
SCHOOL ACTIVITIES
Children at this school will be given numbers of opportunities to learn through different
GROUP ACTIVITIES
types of teaching. Those will include classroom/desk learning, year group activities, school activities (both groups mixed) as well as environmental awareness activities.
INDIVIDUAL LEARNING
RECEPTION CLASSROOMS WILDGARDEN
FOUNTAIN HALL
TERRACE PLAY AREA HALL
INFANT CLASSROOMS
LIBRARY 1.300 GROUND FLOOR DIAGRAM
LIBRARY 1.300 FIRST FLOOR DIAGRAM
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CREATIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENTAL INTEGRATION When Firs Field underwent maintenance, the existing biodiversity on site was destroyed and left the park with only green grass. The city of Bath has since recognised the importance of biodiversity and has implemented a re-introduction scheme highlighted in green. Children at the new school would be aware of this as the topic would be part of their learning programme. Thus, the learning space would extend to the field.
ENVIRONMENTAL INTEGRATION
SUNPATH DIAGRAM
1.800 ENVIRONMENTAL TEACHING DIAGRAM
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CREATIVE LEARNING WILDGARDEN The new school will provide children with a WildGarden, where they will see the existing trees grow into mature trees for future generations. By then, tree swings or even a treehouse could be added to the site. Being sensitive to natural growth from a young age will subconsciously help them grow as individuals. Gardening activities, open-air reading, music, or theatre activities could happen in the WildGardens.
TREE SWINGS
GARDENING
OUTDOOR GAMES
FUTURE ADAPTATION
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COMMUNITY FEEL AFTER SCHOOL Another aspect I will be focusing on is the community feel which already plays an important role on site. Bringing people closer together after school by turning the building into a community hall for evening classes, exhibitions and events will help maintain the strong sense of community around Firs Field.
GROUP YOGA AND DANCE CLASSES
INDIVIDUAL MUSIC CLASSES
SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY EVENTS
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COMMUNITY FEEL GROUP CLASSES
EVENING TRANSFORMATION
INDIVIDUAL CLASSES
After the school day and on weekends, the school would transform into a community
SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY EVENTS
hall. Its location at the corner joining the Avenue and the Firs is ideal as local pedestrians walk past it on a daily basis. Exhibitions, community events and extra-curricular activities
EXHIBITION SPACE
could happen by adapting the various rooms and halls to different activities.
SMALL SIZED ROOMS WILDGARDEN
FOUNTAIN HALL
TERRACE MEDIUM SIZED ROOMS
1.300 GROUND FLOOR DIAGRAM
HALL
1.300 FIRST FLOOR DIAGRAM
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1.200 GROUND FLOOR PLAN
TERRACE GREEN SPACE
RECEPTION CLASSROOMS
WILDGARDEN
PLAN IN CONTEXT
WHEELCHAIR ACCESSIBLE
FOUNTAIN HALL
CLOAK HALL
EXHIBITION HALL
INFANT CLASSROOMS
LIBRARY
CLASSROOM EXTENSION
LIBRARY
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1.200 FIRST FLOOR PLAN
TOILETS
SHOWERS
TOILETS
PLAN IN CONTEXT STAFF ROOM
STORAGE
MULTI-PURPOSE HALL
KITCHEN
SICKBAY KITCHEN
SICK BAY
LIBRARY MEZZANINE OTHER HALL USES
LIBRARY MEZZANINE
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1.500 ROOF PLAN IN CONTEXT
PROJECT ONE FIRS FIELD
PROJECT ONE SMALL FAMILIES / INDIVIDUALS
LARGE FAMILIES
INTERNAL PERSPECTIVES
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EXTERNAL PERSPECTIVE
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1.200 EAST ELEVATION
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1.200 SOUTH ELEVATION
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1.100 A-A’ SECTION A
A’
UPPER HALL
CLASSROOM
LIBRARY WITH MEZZANINE
RESIDENTIALS
PLAYGROUND CAR PARK
1.200 CONTEXT SECTION
THE AVENUE
B
1.100 B-B’ SECTION B’
STAFF ROOM
CLASSROOM
STORAGE
FOUNTAIN HALL
SICK BAY
UPPER HALL
CLASSROOMS
PROJECT ONE RESIDENTIALS THE FIRS
1.200 CONTEXT SECTION
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AXONOMETRIC DRAWING
GREEN ROOF WITH HOLES FOR TREES TO GROW THROUGH
EXPOSED TIMBER STRUCTURE
FIRST FLOOR
GROUND FLOOR WITH TERRACE, PLAYGROUND AND WILDGARDENS
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STRUCTURE EXPOSED STRUCTURE The school will have a timber frame structure with locally sourced strawbale insulation and Petersen Tegl D78 brick cladding for external aesthetics, fitting with the existing buildings on site. Solar pannels will be introduced aside from the green roof. Exposing the structure will give children the possibility to understand building construction. Where strawbale structure will be “exposed”, the wall will be covered with a clear plastic cover so as to avoid infestation and moisture issues that would occur if it was fully exposed.
EXPOSED TIMBER FRAME STRUCTURE
ROOF
Vegetation Growing medium Drainage, aeration and water storage Insulation Roofing waterproof membrane Structural support: standing seam metal roof
“EXPOSED” STRAWBALE INSULATION
WALL
Timber structure Breather Membrane Strawbale insulation with wall ties Petersen Tegl D78 brick cladding outside Plasterboard where strawbale is not exposed OPPORTUNITIES TO CELEBRATE STRUCTURE
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SUSTAINABILITY PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES The new school will explore environmental strategies and will make the children sensitive to architecture and passive solar design. The strawbale insulation will be visually exposed in some parts of the school with a clear cover to avoid degradation for instance, and the collected rainwater will be directly used by children to water the plants they have been growing in the WildGarden.
SUPER INSULATION
NATURAL CROSS VENTILATION
SOLAR SHADING
SOLAR PV ELECTRICITY
RAINWATER STORAGE
The building insulation is
The openings on both East
Canopy roofs will extend
Solar PV will be installed
Rainwater will be collected
made of blocks of strawbale.
and West facades will allow
above the windows for solar
to generate solar energy in
through the green roof and
This makes the school super-
natural ventilation to happen
shading, especially on the
the school, used primarily
used for toilets for instance,
insulated and prevents heat
throughout the building, and
West facade where numbers
for artificial lighting in the
and excess water will be
loss during the cold days in
will be controllable by the
of glazed openings are linking
classrooms and the halls.
stored for future use in the
this climate.
users of the building.
inside learning spaces with
green spaces around the
the exterior.
school.
FINISHES PERSPECTIVES
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POST-DESIGN ANALYSIS MY PHILOSOPHY My final design for the school integrates the existing trees on site, and even proposes further adaptations for the future as trees will mature. However, there is a point that could be improved, especially when looking at the precedents I chose. The roof of the school could be more inclined, if not, the school could even be one-storey high. That way, it could benefit from an increased angle and welcome the trees into its structure in a more visual and elegant way (fig. 1). Still, the school will be attended by 120 pupils, teachers and other staff members. With a restricted site area, the school would not be able to welcome everyone if it lost its second storey. In terms of creative learning, children at school will be offered plenty of opportunities to spend time in nature, see trees and plants grow in the WildGarden, and be inspired by others thanks to the see-through aspect of the school. Being able to extend the classrooms outside but also together by opening the sliding division doors, children will socialise and be inspired by each other.
FIG.1 POSSIBLE IMPROVEMENT
The community feel will be maintainted, if not reinforced, as members of the general public will be able to use the building for their activities such as yoga and dance classes. The school will also host exhibitions, school and community events, maybe even a Christmas market. Thus, current residents and new residents from our Project One design will be offered space to connect.
ENVIRONMENTAL
CREATIVE
COMMUNITY
INTEGRATION
LEARNING
FEEL
REFERENCES p.10: ArchDaily Articles, Abdel, H., 2020. Library Toongnatapin School / Student Committee, Faculty of Architecture, Silpakorn University [Online]. Available from: https://www.archdaily.com/940797/library-toongnatapin-school-student-committee-faculty-of-architecture-silpakorn-university?ad_ medium=gallery [Accessed October 31st 2020]. p.11: ArchDaily Articles, Ott, C., 2020. Casa de las Estrellas Waldorf School / Salagnac Arquitectos [Online]. Available from: https://www.archdaily. com/941565/casa-de-las-estrellas-waldorf-school-salagnac-arquitectos?ad_source=myarchdaily&ad_medium=bookmark-show&ad_content=currentuser [Accessed October 31st 2020]. p.12: ArchDaily Articles, Shuang, H., 2020. MaJiaLong Village Activity Building / Mix Architecture [Online]. Available from: https://www.archdaily. com/938514/majialong-village-activity-building-mix-architecture?ad_medium=gallery [Accessed October 31st 2020]. p.13: ArchDaily Articles, Abdel, H., 2020. Bo Mon Preschool / KIENTRUC O [Online]. Availble from: https://www.archdaily.com/938389/bo-mon-preschoolkientruc-o?ad_source=myarchdaily&ad_medium=bookmark-show&ad_content=current-user [Accessed October 31st 2020].
p.15: Mohira Project, Unknown, 2017. Ibuku, le travail du bambou au XXIe siècle [Online]. Available from: http://mohiraproject.com.s120897.gridserver. com/2017/09/07/ibuku/ [Accessed November 24th 2020]. Green School, Unknown, 2020. Sane New World [Online]. Available from: https://www.greenschool.org/insights/sane-new-world/ [Accessed November 24th 2020]. East Cost Daily, Unknown, 2018. Yoga: the key to flexibility [Online]. Available from: https://www.eastcoastdaily.in/2018/01/04/yoga-key-flexibility.html [Accessed November 24th 2020].
p.19: SportsRec, Hauptman, N., 2018. Difference Between Hip Hop Abs & Zumba [Online]. Available from: https://www.sportsrec.com/439455-how-fastcan-zumba-whip-you-into-shape.html [Accessed November 17th 2020]. Tim Ward Mc DJ Host, Unknown, 2020. Giant Checkers Game [Online]. Available from: https://www.mcdjhost.com/giant-checkers-game.html [Accessed November 17th 2020].
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