FORAINMNEACHA RÉAMHFHOCLACHA A major difference between certain Celtic languages such as Gaeilge and other languages is that simple prepositions are combined with pronouns (I, you, he ....) to form prepositional pronouns in Celtic languages.
As prepositional pronouns don’t have an English equivalent they need to be given careful consideration so as not to become problematic. A major difference between certain Celtic languages such as Gaeilge and other languages is that simple prepositions are combined with pronouns (I, you, he ....) to form prepositional pronouns in Celtic languages. Ag + mé > agam Do + mé > dom Ar + mé > orm Le + mé > liom Because they don’t have an English equivalent they need to be given careful consideration so as not to become problematic. They are an essential component of everyday conversation and well represented in sayings and phrases. To express emotion: Tá áthas orm / I am happy - There is happiness on me Tá ocras air / He is hungry - There is hunger on him To express possession: Tá ceann agam / I have one - There is one at me Tá cóta aige - He has a coat - There is a coat at him On successfully completing this section using prepositional pronouns as Gaeilge will become second nature to you. That’s a guarantee.
Pearsana Mise/mé (me*)/mo Is mé / mise - Ní mé / mise Tá mé (me*) / mise --- Níl mé (me*) / mise Mo +h - mo chóta, mo sheans, mo pheann, mo bhróg Agamsa (a’amsa*), liomsa, domsa (dhomsa*), ormsa.
Tusa / tú / do Is tú / tusa ... - Ní tú / tusa ... Tá tú / tusa ... - Níl tú / tusa ... Do +h - do chóta, do sheans, do pheann, do bhróg Agatsa (a’dsa*), leatsa, duitse (dhuitse*), ortsa.
Eisean / é / a Is é / (‘sé*) - Ní hé Tá sé (se*)/ seisean --- Níl sé (se*) / seisean A +h - a chóta, a sheans, a pheann, a bhróg Aigesean, leisean, dósan (dhósan*), airsean.
Ise / í / a Is í / (‘sí*) ... - Ní hí Tá sí / ise ... - Níl sí / ise ... A gan h - a cóta, a seans, a peann, a bróg Aicise, léise, dise , uirthise.
Muidne (muide*) / muid/ ár Is muidne (muide*) / - Ní muidne (muide*) Tá muidne (muide*)- Níl muidne (muide*) ár + urú - ár gcótaí, ár seans, ár bpeann, ár mbróga Againne (a’ainne*), linne, dúinne (dhúinne) , orainne.
Sibhse / sibh / bhur Is sibh / sibhse ... - Ní sibh / sibhse ... Tá sibh / sibhse ... - Níl sibh / sibhse ... bhur + urú - bhur gcótaí, bhur seans, bhur bpeann, bhur mbróga Agaibhse, libhse, daoibhse (dhaoibhse*) , oraibhse.
Iadsan / iad / a Is iad / iadsan ... - Ní hiad / hiadsan Tá siad / siadsan ... - Níl siad / siadsan ... A + urú - á gcótaí, á seans, á bpeann, r mbróga Acusan, leosan, dóibhsean (dhóibhsean*), orthusan.
* Spoken Gaeilge in Conamara differs in some instances from the standard form. Abair leat highlights the most frequently used discrepancies.
Ag Ag is combined with personal pronouns in the following manner. The forms in brackets are used to add emphasis, in the same way as the tone of the voice is changed in English. ag + mé
a’am(sa)* / agam(sa)
ag + muid
a’ainn(e)* / againn(e)
ag + tú
a’d(sa) * / agat(sa)
le + sibh
agaibh(se)
ag + sé
aige(sean)
le + siad
acu(san)
ag + sí
aici(se)
Cé aige a bhfuil an freagra? agam (a’am*) agamsa (a’amsa*)
agat (a’ad*) agamsa (a’adsa*)
* Spoken Gaeilge in Conamara differs in some instances from the standard form. Abair leat highlights the most frequently used discrepancies.
aige aigesean
An bhfuil snámh
?
An bhfuil dóthain airgid fágtha Is
?
is fearr atá fios.
An bhfuil aithne
aici aicise
ar Thomás?
An bhfuil eolas
ar Ghaillimh?
An bhfuil an freagra ar eolas Níl mórán céille
?
!
Tá an tsláinte go maith
againn (a’ainn*) againne (a’ainne*)
.
Tá Fraincis agus Gearmáinis ar a thoil Fág
.
an leabhar.
Feicfidh mé ar ball sibh, tá gnó D’fhág sé slán Tá buntáiste
sular imigh sé.
agaibh agaibhse
orainn, tá siad níós airde ná muid.
Bíodh an fheamainn Tá cruinniú
daoibh.
, níl ionat ach amadán. leis an bpríomhoide.
Caithfidh siad málaí a bheith
amárach.
acu acusan
Ag Aithne ar dhaoine to know / recognise people (not things/places) Fios ar rudaí to know things (not people or places) Eolas ar áiteanna to have knowledge of places (not people / things) An bhfuil aithne agat air? An bhfuil eolas agat ar Ghaillimh? An bhfuil a fhios agat an freagra?
Do you know him? Do you know Gaillimh? Do you know the answer?
An bhfuil snámh agat? An bhfuil do dhóthain agat? An bhfuil Fraincis agat?
Can you swim? Have you enough? Do you speak French?
Fág agamsa é. Is agat is fearr atá fios. Sin agat anois é.
Leave it to me. You know best. That’s it now.
Bhí agat é a dhéanamh. Tuilleadh an diabhail agat! Tá tú agam anois.
You should do it. Good enough for you I have / understand you now.
Tá súil agam. Tá an ceart agam. An baile sin againne!
I hope. I’m right. Our own village.
Bíodh ciall agat. Biodh an diabhal agat! Bíodh misneach agat.
Have sense Go to hell Be confident
Le Le is combined with personal pronouns in the following manner. The forms in brackets are used to add emphasis, in the same way as the tone of the voice is changed in English.
le + mé
liom(sa)
le + muid
linn(e)
le + tú
leat(sa)
le + sibh
libh(se)
le + sé
leis(ean)
le + siad
leo(san)
le + sí
léi(se)
An cara
í?
An bhfuil tú ag siúl amach Ní cuimhin An
leat leatsa
leis leisean
?
atá tú ag caint? an cluiche a bhuachaint?
Ar mhaith
dul chuig an trá?
Tá deartháir
ag teacht ar chuairt.
Dia go deo
, tá obair mhaith déanta.
Cuirfidh mé geall
go mbeidh an bua agam.
an car dearg.
Éireoidh
An cuimhin
léi léise
linn linne
na ceisteanna go léir a fhreagairt.
Labhair an múinteoir go crosta
.
céard a thárla?
Cé acu is fearr
?
Cé a dúirt nach féidir An miste
liom liomsa
an uimhir theileafóin.
Ar éirigh
Is
Cé leis an cóta/na cótaí?
libh libhse
é a dhéanamh?
cabhrú liom? leo leosan
Le An dtaitníonn sé leat? An ritheann sé leat? An réitíonn sé leat.
Do you like / enjoy it? Does it occour to you Does it occour to you
Is cuma liom = ní miste liom I don’t care - mind Is miste liom = ní cuma liom I care - mind Is fada liom. I cannot wait.
Rith sé liom. Réitím go maith leis. Taitníonn sé liom.
it occurred to me we get on well. I like / enjoy it
Dia go deo leat! Ar aghaidh leat! Bailigh leat!
Well done! off you go get lost
Tá ciall leis. Tá mé ag tnúth leis. Tá mé tógtha leis.
It makes sense I’m looking forward to. I’m impressed by it.
Tá mé ar aon intinn leat. Tagaim leat. Glacaim leis.
I’m of the same opinion as you I agree with you. I accept it.
An féidir leat? An fearr leat? An cuimhin leat?
Can you? Do you prefer? Do you remember?
do Do is combined with personal pronouns in the following manner. The forms in brackets are used to add emphasis, in the same way as the tone of the voice is changed in English.
do + mé
dhomsa(sa)* / dom(sa)
Ag + muid
Dhúinn(e) / dúinn(e)
do + tú
dhuitse(se) * / duitse(sa)
le + sibh
dhaoibhse(se) / daoibh(se)
do + sé
dhó(ean)* / dósan
le + siad
do + sí
di(se)
dhóibh(sean) / dóibh(sean)
* Spoken Gaeilge in Conamara differs in some instances from the standard form. Abair leat highlights the most frequently used discrepancies.
Ar thug sí
. .
.
an ceann seo.
Tugann múinteoirí comhairle mhaith Is cóir
do dhícheall a dhéanamh.
Lá breithe sona
Is méanar Is fiú
dúinn (dhúinn*) dúinne (dhúinne*)
na cártaí agus beartáin uilig?
Thug bean an tí aire mhaith
Is eol
dó (dhó*) dósan (dhósan*)
na litreacha seo.
Caithfear aire a thabhairt
Is
duit (dhuit*) duitse (dhuitse*)
di dise
.
Cheannaigh me bronntanas
An
dom (dhom*) domsa (dhomsa*)
an leabhar?
Tugadh bualadh bos mór Is
Cé dó (dhó*) an litir?
. daoibh (dhaoibh*) daoibhse (dhaoibhse*)
. an scéal. é. é a dhéanamh.
Ba chóir
é a rá.
B’éigean
imeacht.
dóibh (dhóibh*) dóibhsean (dhóibhsean*)
do Cheannaigh sé dúinn (dhúinn*)é. He bought it for us Chan sí daoibh (dhaoibh*) é. She sang it for you Réitigh sé dóibh (dhóibh*) é. He prepared it for them
Lig sé dom (dhom*). Gheall sé dom (dhom*). Chuaigh sé go maith dom (dhom*).
He allowed me - let me be He promised me It went well for me
Nach cuma duit (dhuit*)! Ba chóir duit (dhuit*). B’fhearr duit (dhuit*).
It’s none of your business. You should. It’s advisable that you.
Is fíor duit (dhuit*). Is méanar duit (dhuit*). Is fiú duit (dhuit*)é.
True for you. It’s well for you It’s worth your while.
B’éigean dom. (dhom*) Feictear dom (dhom*) Go bhfios dom (dhom*).
I had to. It seems to me ... As far as I know
Maith dom (dhom*)é. Tabhair dom (dhom*)é Inis dom (dhom*) é.
Forgive me Give it to me. Tell it to me.
Tá sé ag dul duit (dhuit*). Déanfaidh mé gar duit (dhuit*). Is duitse é (dhuit*).
You deserve it. I will do you a favour Its for you.
Ar Ar is combined with personal pronouns in the following manner. The forms in brackets are used to add emphasis, in the same way as the tone of the voice is changed in English.
ar+ mé
orm(sa)
ar + muid
orainn(e)
ar + tú
ort(sa)
ar + sibh
oraibh(se)
ar + sé
air(sean)
ar + siad
orthu(san)
ar + sí
uirthi(se)
Cuir Ar theip
do chóta báistí. sa scrúdú?
An nglaofaidh tú
dul chuig an trá?
An bhfuil áthas
?
Bhí An raibh tuirse Bhí díocas An mbíonn faitíos
uirthi uirthise
? trí mhíle a shiúl gach lá.
orainn orainne
, tá sibh ag déanamh thar cionn.
An raibh díomá Bail ó Dhia
air airsean
a bhí an t-ádh!
Cén praghas atá
Leanaigí
ort ortsa
.
An bhfuil fonn
Bíonn
orm ormsa
?
Tá slaghdán
Nach
Cé air a bhfuil an lucht?
leis an scéal? ! éirí ar a seacht ar maidin.
oraibh oraibhse
tar éis an turais? i leith na hoibre. sa dorchadas?
orthu orthusan
Ar Tá an locht ort. Tá an t-ádh ort. Tá an cháil ort.
You pretend You’re lucky You have a (the) reputation
Lig ort féin Tá ort (é a dhéanamh). Coinnigh / Lean ort.
You pretend You have to do it. Keep it up
Bhí dul amú orm. Theip orm. Glaoigh orm.
I was mistaken I failed call me
Droch-rath ort. Cac an diabhail ort. Scread asail ort.
May you have bad luck. Bad luck to you! Bad luck to you!
Tá orainn.. Go bhfóire Dia orainn! Tá slaghdán orm.
We have to .... God help us! I have a cold.
Ar fheabhas! Ar iasacht Ar iarraidh
Ar m’anam Ar aon nós Ar buile
excellent on loan missing
upon my soul anyway very angry
Forainm Réamhfhoclach - Le
Íoslódáil an Aip
Cé leis an cóta / na cótaí? Is linne iad. Sin iad ár gcóta.
Is liomsa é. Sin é mo chóta.
Is leatsa é. Sin é do chóta
Is libhse iad. Sin iad bhur gcótaí.
Is leisean é. Sin é a chóta.
Is leosan iad Sin iad á gcótaí.
Is léise é. Sin é a cóta.
I don’t care.
Is cuma liom.
It occurred to me.
Rith sé liom.
I like / enjoy it.
Taitníonn se liom
Get lost!
Gread leat!
I accept it.
Glacaim leis
I agree with you.
Tagaim leat
Do you prefer?
An fearr leat?
Whose is it?
Cé leis é?
I am looking forward to it.
Tá me ag tnúth leis.
Did you succeed?
Ar éirigh leat? 20
Forainm Réamhfhoclach - Ag
Íoslódáil an Aip
Cé aige a bhfuil an freagra? Is agamsa atá sé.
Is againne atá sé.
Is agatsa atá sé.
Is agaibhse atá sé.
Is aigesean atá sé.
Is acusan atá sé.
Is aicese atá sé.
Do you know him?
An bhfuil aithne agat air?
Do you know Gaillimh?
An bhfuil eolas agat ar Ghaillimh?
Do you know the answer?
An bhfuil a fhios agat an freagra?
Can you swim?
An bhfuil snámh agat?
Have you enough?
An bhfuil do dhóthain agat?
Do you speak French?
An bhfuil Fraincis agat?
Leave it to me!
Fág agamsa é.
You know best!
Is agat is fearr atá a fhios.
I hope.
Ta súil agam
Good enough for you!
Sách maith agat. 21
Forainm Réamhfhoclach - Ar
Cé air a bhfuil an locht? Is ormsa atá sé.
Is orainne atá sé.
Is ortsa atá sé.
Is oraibhse atá sé.
Is airsean atá sé.
Is orthusan atá sé.
Is uirthise atá sé.
You pretend.
Lig ort féin
You’re lucky.
Tá an t-ádh ort.
I was mistaken
Bhí dul amú orm.
I failed.
Theip orm
Call me.
Glaoigh orm.
We have to ...
Tá orainn ....
God help us!
Go bhfóire Dia orainn.
Keep it up
Lean ort.
Excellent
Ar fheabhas
Missing
Ar iarraidh 40
Forainm Réamhfhoclach - Do
Cé d(h)ó an litir? Is d(h)omsa é.
Is d(h)úinne é.
Is d(h)uitse é.
Is d(h)aoibhse é.
Is d(h)ósan é.
Is d(h)óibhsean é.
Is dise é.
He allowed me. / Let me be.
Lig sé d(h)om. Lig d(h)om
He promised me.
Gheall se d(h)om.
It’s none of your business
Nach cuma d(h)uit!
True for you!
Is fíor d(h)uit!
It’s worth your while.
Is fiú d(h)uit é.
I had to ...
B’éigean d(h)om
It seems to me ...
Feictear d(h)om ....
As far as I know ...
Go bhfios d(h)om...
Forgive me.
Maith d(h)om é.
You deserve it.
Tá sé ag dul d(h)uit. 41
Cé leis an cóta / na cótaí? Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
I don’t care. It occurred to me. I like / enjoy it. Get lost! I accept it. I agree with you. Do you prefer? Whose is it? I am looking forward to it. Did you succeed?
Forainmneacha Réamhfhoclacha- ABAIRLEAT!
Anim:
Rang:
Cé aige a bhfuil an freagra? Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Do you know him? Do you know Gaillimh? Do you know the answer? Can you swim? Have you enough? Do you speak French? Leave it to me! You know best! I hope. Good enough for you!
Cé air a bhfuil an locht / an milleán. Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
You pretend. You’re lucky. I was mistaken. I failed. Call me. We have to ...... God help us! Keep it up. Excellent Missing
Forainmneacha Réamhfhoclacha- ABAIRLEAT!
Ainm:
Rang:
Cé d(h)ó an litir / na litreacha? Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
He allowed me - let me be. He promised me. It’s none of your business. True for you! It’s worth your while. I had to .... It seems to me .... As far as I know .... Forgive me. You deserve it.