Glass Curtain Wall Retrofit Through Modular Kinetic Facade Design Safe, Efficient, and Adaptive Urban Office High-rise
Building Typology High-rise An existing all-glass urban office high-rise is selected as the test subject to be augmented with the proposed modular kinetic facade system. Why office high-rise? • the versatile “core and shell” structural configuration (primarily in rectangular form) is ideal for seamless modular kinetic system adaptation • Offices are daytime oriented space where natural lighting plays predominant role
Mid-rise
Low-rise
Problems - with urban office high-rises unpleasant/hazardous reflect light
20 Fenchurch Street, London
avian mortality and injury
missed opportunity for natural lighting
Solution?
Site - Chicago
Chicago, IL, USA 41.8781° N, 87.6298° W
(Mapbox)
Site - Chicago Site Information: • many all-glass office high-rises in downtown area and the number is continuously growing • the city is in a typical continental climate zone with hot summer and cold winter • On 04/24/2020, Chicago City Council passed an ordiance to make bird-friendly design a significant part of the city’s skyline. (Ordiance O2020-136)
(Mapbox)
Site - Chicago Loop Building Location: • Northwest corner of the Loop
(Google Earth)
Site - photos Aerial View
(Google Earth)
Site - 150 N Riverside
150 N Riverside, Chicago, IL 724 ft, 54 stories, 1,464,000 sf total Design: Goettsch Partners Complete Year: 2017
https://www.gpchicago.com/architecture/150-north-riverside/
(Google Earth)
https://www.gpchicago.com/architecture/150-north-riverside/
Solar Radiation Analysis - 150 N Riverside Building envelope incident solar radiation analysis • Summer (6/20 - 9/22)
Southwest
Southeast
Northwest
Northeast
Precedent Studies Kinetic system geometry and movement studies
Al Bahr Towers
ZVK SOKA Bau Office Building
- kinetic systems Kinetic system sketch model mockups (model scale: 1/2” = 1’ - 0”)
Precedent Dynamic Window - Chuck Hoberman The Simon Center for Geometry and Physics at State University of New York
https://www.hoberman.com/portfolio/dynamic-windows/
Kinetic Module Pattern Designs & Evaluation
20
21
Kinetic Module Pattern Designs & Evaluation Stage 0
Pattern 04
Pattern 03
Pattern 02
Pattern 01
Kinetic Module Pattern
Solar Energy Analysis
Stage 1 Kinetic Module Pattern
Solar Energy Analysis
Stage 2 Kinetic Module Pattern
Solar Energy Analysis
Kinetic Module Pattern Designs & Evaluation Stage 0
Pattern 08
Pattern 07
Pattern 06
Pattern 05
Kinetic Module Pattern
Solar Energy Analysis
Stage 1 Kinetic Module Pattern
Solar Energy Analysis
Stage 2 Kinetic Module Pattern
Solar Energy Analysis
Office Floor Plan Shadow Studies
5 10
20
TYP. Office Floor Plan - Kinetic Module Shadow Study -May, 09:00 am
30
50 ft
5 10
20
TYP. Office Floor Plan - Kinetic Module Shadow Study -May, 11:00 am
30
50 ft
Office Floor Plan Shadow Studies
5 10
20
TYP. Office Floor Plan - Kinetic Module Shadow Study -May, 02:00 pm
30
50 ft
5 10
20
TYP. Office Floor Plan - Kinetic Module Shadow Study -May, 04:00 pm
30
50 ft
Design Evaluation Building surface solar radiation analysis - without modular kinetic facade • total incident solar radiation received on building surface: 8.7735 x 10^6 kW/m2
Floor 34 - Floor 36
Northwest Corner
Floor 34 - Floor 36
Southwest Corner
Floor 34 - Floor 36
Northeast Corner
Floor 34 - Floor 36
Southeast Corner
Total Incident Radiation on Building Facade April ‐ September
Design Evaluation
10000000 9000000
8773500
8000000
Building surface solar radiation analysis - with modular kinetic facade installed • total incident solar radiation received on building surface: 4.7436 x 10^6 kW/m
2
kWh/m2
7000000 6000000
4743600
5000000 4000000 3000000 2000000 1000000 0
Floor 34 - Floor 36
Northwest Corner
Floor 34 - Floor 36
Southwest Corner
baseline building façade
façade equipped with kinetic modules
Floor 34 - Floor 36
Northeast Corner
Floor 34 - Floor 36
Southeast Corner
Kinetic Module
- mounted on a typical office floor
Kinetic Module
- mounted on a typical office floor
0
1
2
3
5 ft