AAWAS: An Animal Welfare and Rehabilitation Society Thesis Black Book

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN PROJECT REPORT ON “AAWAS: AN ANIMAL WELFARE AND REHABILITATION SOCIETY” Submitted by Madhur Agrawal FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH YEAR: 2021 2022 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Architecture Savitribai Phule Pune University UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Ar. Anita Meskar DR. D Y PATIL COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, AKURDI

DR. D. Y. PATIL PRATISHTHAN‟S DR. D Y PATIL COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE, AKURDI, PUNE. This is to certify that the work of Architectural Design Project entitled AAWAS: AN ANIMAL WELFARE AND REHABILITATION SOCIETY is a work of the Bonafide student „Madhur Agrawal‟ Of Final Year B.Arch 2021 22 carried under my guidance and submitted in partial fulfilment of requirements for Degree of Bachelor of Architecture, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune Ar. Dhananjay Chaudhari Signature of the Candidate Signature of Principal Signature of Guide College Stamp External Examiner

I hereby declare that the project work entitled “AAWAS: An Animal Welfare And Rehabilitation Society‖ submitted to Dr. D. Y. Patil College of Architecture, Akurdi, Pune, is a record of an original work done by me under the guidance of „Ar. Anita Meskar‟ . This project work is submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of Bachelor of Architecture. I have taken care in all respect to honor the intellectual property right and have acknowledged the contribution of others for using them in academic purpose and further declare that in case of any violation of intellectual property right or copyright I, as a candidate, will be fully responsible for the same. My supervisor should not be held responsible for full or partial violation of copyright or intellectual property right. Place: Pune Date: 03 05 2022 Signature of Student

DECLARATION BY THE STUDENT

Page4 Contents LIST OF TABLE:.............................................................................................................................8 LIST OF FIGURE: ...........................................................................................................................9 ABSTRACT 11 1. CHAPTER: 1 INTRODUCTION 12 1.1 ABOUT THE PROJECT: 12 1.2 AREA OF RESEARCH:..................................................................................................12 1.3 NEED OF THE PROJECT:.............................................................................................13 1.4 AIM:.................................................................................................................................14 1.5 OBJECTIVE: 15 1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION: 15 1.7 RESEARCH QUESTION: 15 1.8 METHODOLOGY: .........................................................................................................15 2. CHAPTER: 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 16 2.1 ISSUE IDENTIFICATION:............................................................................................16 2.2 BOOK REVIEW: „THE ANIMALS AMONG US‟ BY JOHN BRADSHAW ...................18 2.3 RESEARCH PAPER ANALYSIS: “OF MORE THAN HUMAN SPACE LIVING AMONG PESTS” BY AR. JOYCE HWANG ...................................................................19 2.4 ABOUT ANIMAL CURELTY IN INDIA:.....................................................................21 2.5 READ NEWSPAPER AND ARTICLES RELATED ANIMAL CURELTY:...............23 3. CHAPTER : 3 DATA COLLECTION.....................................................................................28 3.1 VETERINARY HOSPITAL:...........................................................................................28 3.2 FUNCTIONS OF A VETERINARY HOSPITAL: 28 3.3 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS: 28 3.3.1 Environmental Conditions: 28 3.3.2 Function:....................................................................................................................29 3.3.3 Layout:.......................................................................................................................29 3.3.4 Circulation: ................................................................................................................29 3.4 SPATIAL REQUIREMENTS: 31 3.4.1 Clinical Area: 31 3.4.2 Hospital Area: 34 3.4.3 General areas:.............................................................................................................37 3.5 SURGICAL PROCEDURE:............................................................................................38 3.5.1 Pre operative procedure patient:................................................................................38 3.5.2 Pre-operative procedure-surgeon & staff: 38 3.5.3 Pre operative procedure equipment: 38 3.5.4 Post operative procedure patient:..............................................................................38 3.5.5 Post operative procedure surgeon & staff:................................................................38 3.5.6 Post operative procedure equipment:........................................................................38 3.5.7 Surgical preparation equipment: 39 3.6 SURFACE AND FITTING: 39 3.6.1 Floors: 39

Page5 3.6.2 Drains: 40 3.6.3 Walls: 40 3.6.4 Ceilings: 40 3.7 FUNTIONS OF AN ANIMAL SHELTER:....................................................................41 3.7.1. Animal Care and Housing:.....................................................................................41 3.7.2. Adoptions:..............................................................................................................41 3.7.3. Record Keeping: 41 3.7.4. Programs: 41 3.7.5. Spay/Neuter Efforts: 41 3.7.6. Cruelty Investigation:.............................................................................................41 3.7.7. Humane Education:................................................................................................42 3.7.8. Volunteers:.............................................................................................................42 3.8 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS: 42 3.8.1 Kennel Design: 42 3.8.2 Plumbing:...................................................................................................................43 3.8.3 Material:.....................................................................................................................43 3.8.4 Interior Wall Finishes:...............................................................................................43 3.9 ANTHROPOMETRIC STUDY: 44 4. CHAPTER : 4 CASE STUDY..................................................................................................45 4.1 CUPA VETERINARY HOSPITAL:..............................................................................45 4.1.1 General Information: 45 4.1.2 About hospital: 45 4.1.3 Mission of Hospital:...................................................................................................46 4.1.4 Ground Floor Plan: ....................................................................................................46 4.1.5 Public and Private Sector of Hospital:.......................................................................46 4.2 CESSNA LIFELINE VETERINARY HOSPITAL: 47 4.2.1 General Information: 47 4.2.2 About hospital: 47 4.2.3 Site Plan:....................................................................................................................48 4.2.4 Floor Plans:................................................................................................................48 4.2.5 Public and Private Sector of Hospital:.......................................................................49 4.3 OASIS VETERINARY HOSPITAL: 50 4.4.1 General Information: 50 4.4.2 About Hospital: 50 4.4.3 Floor Plan:..................................................................................................................51 4.4.4 Public and Private Sector of Hospital:.......................................................................51 4.4.5 Design Concept: 51 4.4 WALLAN VETERINARY HOSPITAL: 52 4.4.1 General Information: 52 4.4.2 About Hospital:..........................................................................................................52 4.4.3 Floor Plan:..................................................................................................................53 4.4.4 Public and Private Sector of Hospital:.......................................................................53 4.5 MRYA VETERINARY HOSPITAL: 54 4.5.1 General Information: 54

Page6 4.5.2 About Hospital: 54 4.5.3 Floor Plan: 55 4.5.4 Public and Private Sector of Hospital: 55 4.6 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VETERINARY HOSPITAL:..................................56 4.7 BLUE CROSS OF INDIA ANIMAL SHELTER: ..........................................................57 4.7.1 General Information:..................................................................................................57 4.7.2 About Animal Shelter: 57 4.7.3 Animal Shelter Site Plan: 58 4.7.4 Circulation Plan: 59 4.7.5 Animal Shelter Images:..............................................................................................59 4.8 CHARLIE‘S ANIMAL RESCUE CENTRE:.................................................................60 4.8.1 General Information:..................................................................................................60 4.8.2 About Animal Shelter: 60 4.8.3 Animal Shelter Site Plan: 61 4.8.4 Animal Shelter Images:..............................................................................................61 4.8.5 Circulation Plan:........................................................................................................62 4.9 GREENVILLE HUMANE SOCIETY:..........................................................................63 4.9.1 General Information: 63 4.9.2 About Animal Shelter: 63 4.9.3 Site Plan: 64 4.9.4 Floor Plan:..................................................................................................................64 4.9.5 Circulation Plan:........................................................................................................65 4.10 PALM SPRINGS ANIMAL CARE FACILITY:...........................................................66 4.10.1 General Information: 66 4.10.2 About Animal Shelter: 66 4.10.3 Site Plan: 67 4.10.4 Animal Shelter Images:..........................................................................................67 4.10.5 Detailed Floor Plan: ...............................................................................................68 4.11 ANIMAL WELFARE AND REHABILITATION SOCIETY:......................................69 4.11.1 General Information: 69 4.11.2 About Animal Shelter: 69 4.11.3 Site Plan: 70 4.11.4 Animal Shelter Image: ...........................................................................................70 4.11.5 Circulation Plan:.....................................................................................................71 4.12COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANIMAL SHELTER: 72 5. CHAPTER : 5 SITE STUDY ..................................................................................................73 5.1 SITE SELECTION CRITERIA: 73 5.2 SELECTED SITES: 73 5.3 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SITES: 74 5.3.1 Site ―A‖......................................................................................................................74 5.3.2 Site ―B‖......................................................................................................................74 5.3.3 Site ―C‖......................................................................................................................74 5.4 JUSTIFICATION FOR SITE SELECTION: 74 5.5 AREA CALCULATION AND BYE LAWS: 75

Page7 6. CHAPTER: 6 PROGRAMME AND AREA FORMULATION 76 6.1 PROGRAMME: 76 6.2 AREA FORMULATION: 77 6.3 FLOW CHART:...............................................................................................................79 6.3.1 Clinical Flow Chart:...................................................................................................79 6.3.2 Animal training & therapy center flow chart:............................................................79 6.3.3 Hostel and day-care flow chart: 80 6.3.4 Animal Shelter flow chart: 80 REFERENCES: 81

Table

Page8 LIST OF TABLE: Table 1 : Showing the area requirement of animals according to their age and size. 44

2 : Comparative Analysis of Veterinary Hospital 56 Table 3 : Comparative Analysis of Veterinary Hospital 56 Table 4 : Comparative Analysis of Animal Shelter 72 Table 5 : Comparative Analysis of Animal Shelter 72 Table 6 : Design Program Brief 78

Page9 LIST OF FIGURE: Figure 1 : Showing the 5 Freedom of Animals ..................................................................................................13 Figure 2 : EGO vs. ECO....................................................................................................................................14 Figure 3 : Showing „we the people‟ Vs. „we are the people‟ .............................................................................14 Figure 4 : Image showing Human Animal Environment Inter relationship......................................................14 Figure 5 : Showing the Methodology Flow Chart .............................................................................................15 Figure 6: Image Showing Family Of Mother Dog „Mishti‟...............................................................................16 Figure 7 : Image showing Mother dog „Mishti‟.................................................................................................16 Figure 8 : Dog „Bholu‟ Health after Parvovirus Disease..................................................................................17 Figure 9: Dog „Bholu‟ after Dog Bite................................................................................................................17 Figure 10 : Dog „Bholu‟ Health in Parvovirus disease.....................................................................................17 Figure 11 : Author of Book “Mr. John Bradshaw”...........................................................................................18 Figure 12 : The Animal Among Us ....................................................................................................................18 Figure 13 : Bat Cloud ........................................................................................................................................20 Figure 14 : Bat Tower........................................................................................................................................20 Figure 15 : Showing the cases of animal cruelty till July 2021 21 Figure 16 :Animal injured in last 8 year (2011 2019) 21 Figure 17 : Pie chart showing the status of reported cases 21 Figure 18 : Cruelty cases in Mumbai 22 Figure 19 : Animal rescue cases in Mumbai 22 Figure 20 : Showing image of Dog „Bruno‟ 23 Figure 21: Image showing the two monsters beating an innocent „Bruno‟ 23 Figure 22 : Image showing the half part of puppy 24 Figure 23 : Image showing the puppies and News Paper Cut out 25 Figure 24: Serial rapist abused more than 30 dogs in Andheri, ARRESTED! 26 Figure 25 : Cows are seen at a shelter home. 27 Figure 26 : Location of CUPA Veterinary Hospital 45 Figure 27 : CUPA Veterinary Hospital 45 Figure 28 : Site Plan of CUPA 46 Figure 29 : Ground floor plan 46 Figure 30 : Public and Private Sector of Hospital Plan 46 Figure 31 : Location of Cessna Lifeline Veterinary Hospital 47 Figure 32 : Cessna Lifeline Veterinary Hospital 47 Figure 33 : General Treatment Room 47 Figure 34 : Pharmacy 47 Figure 35 : Site Plan 48 Figure 36 : Floor Plans of Hospital 49 Figure 37 : Public Private sector plan 49 Figure 38 : Location of OASIS Veterinary Hospital 50 Figure 39 : OASIS Veterinary Hospital.............................................................................................................50 Figure 40 : Ground Floor Plan 51 Figure 41: Public private sector of hospital plan..............................................................................................51 Figure 42 : Concept Planning in two steps........................................................................................................51 Figure 43 : Location of Wallan Veterinary Hospital.........................................................................................52 Figure 44: Wallan Veterinary Hospital .............................................................................................................52 Figure 45 : Ground Floor Plan .........................................................................................................................53 Figure 46 : Public private sector of hospital plan.............................................................................................53 Figure 47 : Location of Myra Veterinary Hospital............................................................................................54 Figure 48 : Myra Pet Clinic...............................................................................................................................54 Figure 49 : Floor Plan.......................................................................................................................................55 Figure 50 : Public Private Sector of Hospital ...................................................................................................55 Figure 51 : Location of Blue Cross of India Animal Shelter .............................................................................57 Figure 52 : Blue Cross of India Animal Shelter ................................................................................................57 Figure 53 : Site Zone Plan of Animal Shelter ....................................................................................................58 Figure 54 : Circulation of Animal .....................................................................................................................59

Page10 Figure 55: Circulation of Human 59 Figure 56 : Circulation of Vehicular 59 Figure 57 : Dog Shelter Area 59 Figure 58 : Aviary Shelter area 59 Figure 59 : Location of Charlie‟s Animal Rescue Centre 60 Figure 60 : Images of Charlie‟s Animal Rescue Centre (CARE) 60 Figure 61 : Site Zoning Plan 61 Figure 62 : Animal Shelter Images 61 Figure 63 : Circulation of Animal .....................................................................................................................62 Figure 64 : Circulation of Human .....................................................................................................................62 Figure 65 : Circulation of Vehicular .................................................................................................................62 Figure 66 : Location of Greenville Humane Society .........................................................................................63 Figure 67 : Greenville Humane Society.............................................................................................................63 Figure 68 : Site Plan..........................................................................................................................................64 Figure 69 : Floor Plan.......................................................................................................................................64 Figure 70 : Circulation of Animal .....................................................................................................................65 Figure 71 : Circulation of Human .....................................................................................................................65 Figure 72 : Location of Palm Spring Animal Care Facility ..............................................................................66 Figure 73 : Palm Spring Animal Care Shelter...................................................................................................66 Figure 74 : Site Plan..........................................................................................................................................67 Figure 75 : Interior Exterior Images of Animal Shelter....................................................................................67 Figure 76 : Detailed Floor Plan with Zone Specification .................................................................................68 Figure 77 : Location of Animal Welfare and Rehabilitation Society.................................................................69 Figure 78 : Animal Welfare and Rehabilitation Society....................................................................................69 Figure 79 : Site Plan..........................................................................................................................................70 Figure 80 : Play Area for Dogs 70 Figure 81 : Animal Shelter Entrance 70 Figure 82 : Circulation of Vehicular 71 Figure 83 : Circulation of Animal 71 Figure 84 : Circulation of Human 71 Figure 85 : Development Control plan of Indore 73 Figure 86 : Site “A” 73 Figure 87 : Site “B” 73 Figure 88 : Site “C” 73 Figure 89 : Site „A‟ location Bhawrasla, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 74 Figure 90 : Site „B‟ location Kumedi, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 74 Figure 91 : Site „C‟ location Krishi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 74 Figure 92 : Final site selected for the Development of AAWAS: An animal welfare and rehabilitation society 75 Figure 93 : Clinical Area Flow Chart 79 Figure 94 : Animal training & therapy center flow chart 79 Figure 95 : Hostel and day care flow chart 80 Figure 96 : Animal Shelter Flow chart 80

Page11 ABSTRACT

The process of urbanization continues deplete the biodiversity of cities and need of biodiversity in our neighbourhood. Human is exploiting nature and continue to do so on. They have no idea about the damage that they done from the long period of time. As human think about human only and their foremost surrounding, but neglect a major part encircling them in their sub conscious mind, that is the other earthlings(thoughts, nature, and animals). A few problems made by human to other animals are habitat loss, animal cruelty, factory farming, animal experiments and animal abandonment, caging and torture. These issues raised because human taking their claim over animal habitat and animals, just because we are at the top of the food chain, but human cannot take advantage over the ones beneath them. We need to think about other earthlings also not in the terms of performance and aesthetic but as life itself. This research paper aims to make people aware of the life of stray animals in the present scenario, animal abuse, and cruelty; to make people aware of their duties towards other earthlings. The objective of this paper is to study the medical facility for the stray which are rescued from accidents and deadly diseases, to develop animal human interaction, to understand animal behaviour and space design to maintain psychological equilibrium. This project provides us wide scope to study the different animal‘s behaviour, life span, treatment, and lifestyle, etc. This research is limited to the specific category of animals such as dogs and cat. As an architect we shape the world around us to increase comfort and strive sustainability for better future. Neglecting the habitat for animal makes a gap in the sustainability as the world is not purely anthropocentric. So it‘s the responsibility of an architect to connect human being to other earthlings via architecture.

4. Freedom to express normal behaviour by providing sufficient space, proper facilities, and company of the animal's own kind. Animals need to be able to interact with or avoid others of their own kind as desired. They must be able to stretch every part of their body (from nose to tail), and run, jump, and play. This can be particularly challenging when animals are housed in individual kennels.

Page12 1. CHAPTER: 1 INTRODUCTION

 How



1. Freedom from hunger and thirst by ready access to fresh water and diet to maintain health and vigour. This must be specific to the animal. For example, puppies, adult dogs, pregnant cats, and senior cats all need different types of food provided on different schedules.

 Does

2. Freedom from discomfort by providing an appropriate environment including shelter and a comfortable resting area. This means you should provide soft bedding and an area with appropriate temperature, noise levels, and access to natural light. If an animal is outside, it must have shelter from the elements as well as appropriate food and water bowls that will not freeze or tip over.

 How

1.2 AREA OF RESEARCH:

5. Freedom from fear and distress by ensuring conditions and treatment which avoid mental suffering. The mental health of an animal is just as important as its physical health as psychological stress can quickly transition into physical illness. These conditions can be achieved by preventing overcrowding and providing sufficient enrichment and safe hiding spaces.

 Are

 How

The above mentioned are the rights animals co living with humans in man made or natural environment should have.

The following subjects and topics were deemed to achieve high performance, sustainable and successful model for a new human animal environment relationship. Why have humans felt a need to dominate or show superiority over animals? there a real need to establish strict rules and land zoning laws for animals survival and animal habitat? animal human conflict have a relation to architecture? there enough animal shelters and hospitals to cater ever growing population of animals? animal behaviour has been changing towards humans during the coarse of time? does animal behaviour affect architecture or designing of a space for them? can scope of architecture be acknowledged in man made animal and human habitats?

 Is

1.1 ABOUT THE PROJECT:

Animals have been an integral part of human lives since their subsistence. They have availed and companioned humans when needed. Humans have grown physically and astutely to exploit resources impartially for their comfort and development.Neglecting the animal habitation will only cause this development to fall expeditiously if not realized sooner. Thus, animals should be given the equal opportunity as humans to have claim over the land we live.

3. Freedom from pain, injury, or disease by prevention or rapid diagnosis and treatment. This includes vaccinating animals, monitoring animals, physical health, treating any injuries and providing appropriate medications.

1.3 NEED OF THE PROJECT: The ever increasing human population increases the need for area (For better living, transportation, ease to access and mobility) space, infrastructure, etc. We, humans, need good facilities and comfort Hence, we have developed our towns and cities but forgetting the other earthlings or god‘s creatures. As per the Literature study, the count of stray animals is in crores with around 30% of new born stray animals survive on the street, 50% of stray animals are left to starve each day and close to 60% of stray animals face cruelty from humans. Humans are becoming greedy to fulfill their needs while exploiting nature and encroaching upon natural surroundings land and water, leaving little to no space for the stray animals. Current scenario of veterinary facilities is destitute of rudimental things such as good ventilation, salubrious and rejuvenating environment, congruous handling and execution of medical procedures. Etc.As far as the hospital is concerned, the quandary lies at the design of the facility itself. Infelicitous segregation of species causes dispensable stress and fear among animals which in turn engenders an aversion towards the hospital. Consummate disregard to how the authentic utilizer of the building (the canines and felines) interacts with it. On the other hand, Animal shelters face a planarity different set of issues. Canine overpopulation is one of the main issues in the country as of now. It is illicit to kill stray canines and so most of these canines end up overcrowding the shelters. There is no control over stray canines breeding as the Animal Birth Control system is not being followed efficiently either.

The ABC (Animal Birth Control) rules 2001, AWBI (Animal Welfare Board of India) states that all stray canines must be routinely picked up and sent to Veterinary hospitals to undergo Castration and must be brought back to where it was taken from. But this system is not being followed in most of the states which leads to overpopulation of stray canines. This not only poses a threat to the capacity of subsisting shelters but additionally to the lives of thousands of stray canines that die of car accidents every year. The life of overcrowded shelter canines is an infelicitous misery. Most of the shelters have very indigent hygiene, poor maintenance, and lamentable ventilation. This Figure 1 : Showing the 5 Freedom of Animals

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Page14 not only affects the physical wellbeing of the animal but withal the noetic wellbeing. Canines that have been rescued from accidents, drowning in wells, mistreated by owners, and so on, are taken to a safe place by some animal doter and their wounds are treated and they‘re sent to the shelter with a second opportunity to live. But is the shelter an ideal home for a stray? Could it ever be? If it had to be, what needs to be changed? 1.4 AIM: 1. To enhance the quality of medical facilities in the treatment of animals. 2. To engender better accommodation facilities and amend the enriching factors of the life of a shelter animal. 3. To provide a salubrious environment that would be conducive to the physiological, convivial, environmental, behavioral, and psychological needs of the animal. Figure 2 : EGO vs. ECO Figure 3 : Showing „we the people‟ Vs. „we are the people‟ Figure 4 : Image showing Human Animal Environment Inter relationship

OBJECTIVE: understand how veterinary Clinic functions and develops a trepidation free environment for the patients. comprehend why animal‘s shelters are the way they are. find a solution to the overcrowding of shelters. come up with an innovative and efficacious design that caters to the physical and psychological wellbeing of shelter animals. LIMITATION: This project provides us wide scope to study the different animal‘s behavior, life span, treatment, and lifestyle, etc. This research is limited to the specific category of animals such as dogs, cats and farm animals. can Architecture instigate in building a safe, comfortable and adaptable environment for animals? can animals and humans bond in a man made or natural environment in the most accomplishable way? METHODOLOGY: Identification of research question and need for the research. Start reading about the animal lifestyle, interact with them. Visit some shelter and clinic to understand the need about facility. Had talk with animal lover identify the issue and discuss the solutions Literature review Case studies to understand the best practice and scenariocurrent List down the requirement for clinic and ConclusionInferencesshelter.andfinalresult Methodology Flow Chart

1.8

1.5

1. To

1.6 SCOPE AND



1.7 RESEARCH QUESTION:  How

2. To



 How

Figure 5 : Showing the

Page15

3. To

4. To

ISSUE IDENTIFICATION:

Figure 6: Image Showing Family Of Mother Dog „Mishti‟Figure 7 : Image showing Mother dog „Mishti‟

Page16 2. CHAPTER: 2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1

 Live case with author 1: From the childhood I have love for animals, in our home mom usually make chapatti one for cow and one for dog, I usually feed them. On one day a year before one female dog give the birth to 6 puppies, I feel very happy to see those tiny hands of pup, but I am scared to touch those puppies because of mother dog because she might bite me. So, I make my routine and start feeding them milk with biscuit and toast twice every day. The female dog started believing in me and she comes to me and start showing their love towards me. Now I can touch their puppies and mother dog allow me to touch them. Time left puppies grow up; About 1 month a heavy rain comes, I got tensed what will happen to those pups if this rain does not slow down because those puppies must roof above them, so I decide and made a small house by cardboard and polythene to cover it which protect from rain. I take the babies and put them in cardboard from that day I realize what things they must gone through. Day goes and now puppy started running on the road and puppies started dying on car accident, as people doesn‘t care about their life and neglecting their existence. This thing goes continue and all the 5 puppies dies in car accidents and only one is left. So, one day we observed that the one pup which is left started doing vomiting and avoid eating food and water. As we got attached with her we take him to vet, he gave some injection and some medicine to give him and said she need to be in observation. We found out the shelter where we can send them but unfortunately there is only 2 shelter which is totally full. So, we decide to take him home and after 2 3 day of treatment she got well and after a week we gave him 9 in 1 vaccine which helps her to make immunity strong. Now she is doing well, and now she is the mother of 2 puppies.

Inference: From this incident i realize the need of shelter for the animal where they can get proper treatment and medical facility.

Figure 8 : Dog „Bholu‟ Health after Parvovirus Disease Figure 10 : Dog „Bholu‟ Health in Parvovirus disease Figure 9: Dog „Bholu‟ after Dog Bite

Inference: From the above case I identify that the abandoned dogs can‟t survive on street and our medical facility for animals are lacking, he might survive if we have the proper medical facility for animals.

Page17 

Live case with author-2:

From the case 1 we started feeding all street dogs around our home. And another female dog give birth to 5 puppies and 2 of them got die in car accident and one got adopted, I was so happy that finally that pup get there forever home but after around 10 15 day I found that some drop him back to the same place I feel little bad and started loving him back. On one day he enter in the different territory of dog and large dog attacked on him he ran and safe our self later we clean the wound and give the pain killer then he got fine but Around 1 week later he also started avoiding food and water we ran to vet then we tell me the story of him from starting, so he scared us and he might have rabies so don‘t touch him , we also scared because rabies is deadly disease for both animal as well as human. Then we did the research, and we get to know that rabies will happen only when the dog that bite him is having rabies. So, we get relax because that dog has no symptoms of rabies, so we go to another vet, and we saw that medical facility is not proper there was no segregation of animals. Then we consult the vet and after checkup we found that he has parvovirus which is a deadly disease. We take the prescription and take care of that pup for 1week after one week he saw his mother and joined their family but after one and half month he again got ill we ran to hospital he was the street dog so vet didn‘t focus much so he didn‘t take any test and started giving treatment and nothing will happen after 2 day of observation I identify that his body color turns in yellow eye become yellow, I got that this pup is having jaundice we ran to vet and tell all the things so he said take a one test so we get the percentage of jaundice as the vet didn‘t had the facility of checkup we ran to laboratory which was far around 15 km and due to less time we weren‘t able to save the life of that pup and he died. It was terrified day for me and my family.

Page18 2.2BOOK REVIEW: „THE ANIMALS AMONG US‟ BY JOHN BRADSHAW

Future of Architecture means that people and animals can co exist together Animals, like plants, are one of the major elements of urban ecosystem. Contamination of environment, building‘s modernization and reducing of city greenery make however significant decline in number of animal species in built up areas. Activists and designers are trying to change that by creating for them appropriate environment or special shelters so once again people and animals can co exist together.

Future of Architecture must contain a vision to share built up word not only with plants but also animals. 12 : The Animal Among Us 11 : Author of Book “Mr. John Bradshaw”

Figure

Figure

1. Pets are increasingly seen as offering us tangible benefits as therapy animals, assistants to people who are blind or disabled, and companions to those who are socially isolated. Pets are often said to provide distinct health benefits to those with mental, social or physical problems.

In The Animals Among Us, anthrozoologist John Bradshaw argues that pet keeping is nothing less than an intrinsic part of human nature. An affinity for animals drove our evolution and now, without animals around us, we risk losing an essential part of ourselves.

In a deep study of the book, ‘The Animals Among Us‖, author John Bradshaw tries to explore why do we have a special bond with certain animals and why some cannot be domesticated. His final observations for why do animals and humans live in companionship are as follows:

2. The loss of most of our body hair left us with a liking for stroking and grooming.

3. The evolution of the human brain in a way that resulted in us being able to analyse animal behaviour and develop the capacity for anthropomorphism, leading to better animal keeping.

Key Point:

The condition of habitat loss in urban environments isn‘t new. We‘ve known for quite some time that processes of urbanization have been rapidly depleting cities of biodiversity. Trends seen in recent urban and regional master plans indicate that we are becoming increasingly aware of this critical issue, and are attempting to counter the destructive ecological effects of urbanization by introducing measures to increase biodiversity, such as implementing wildlife corridors and nature reserves. Yet, we also see very conflicted attitudes toward our relationship with urban ‗nature‘. What happens, for instance, when urban wildlife encroaches on more densely populated areas of cities? What happens when they develop habitats outside officially zoned territories, and in residential or commercial neighborhoods? In the realm of legal regulations, urban municipalities categorize the presence of undomesticated animals and insects pejoratively as ‗infestations‘ or ‗nuisances‘. Urban dwellers too tend to see urban wildlife as a nuisance.

To discuss historic role of non human others in crafting urban fabric. Discussing the often conflicted urban wildlife and notions of urban pest with humans and their settlements. While city dwellers tend to enjoy seeing birds in backyards and parks, for example, the idea of sharing buildings with animals is not as commonly desired. Thus, through various architectural projects, she has aimed to attract awareness towards the urban animals, in efforts to advocate not only for architecture‘s critical role in urban ecology, but also to promote the inclusion of new (nonhuman) subjectivities in the built environment as a co existing solution. Through the discussed projects, it has been reflected as to how fundamentally rethinking architectural structures and can suggest a more palpable, resonant environment that not only impacts species and habitats, but also human perception and experience towards the urban pests.

1. Bat tower- Creating small crevice like spaces for bats to line in as of their behaviour in the tower. The project is an excellent example of one way in which humans can build meaningful and valuable structures that benefit a variety of species. It‘s also an exciting example of how more modern technologies of rapid prototyping and digital fabrication can be used to create bio performatic structures (structure behaving with biological systems vs. miming them). Inhabitat has a longer post with more information and some more pictures and stay tuned for our follow up piece on Bat Towers.

 Small scale projects taken over by the architect as a step towards spreading awareness about involving animals in the integrated building units. Reconsidering building typology in a way that animals can be accommodated in the buildings and surrounding areas of the buildings.

2. Bat Cloud - Metaphorical installations which consist of bat habitation areas. Bat cloud is a hanging canopy of vessels that is designed and constructed to support bat habitation. From afar, the piece appears like a cloud, hovering in the trees. Closer up, viewers from below would be able to see plants hanging from each vessel. At dusk, onlookers would hopefully be able to catch sight of bats or other wildlife emerging from the habitation vessels.

 Research question: How do we define the limits between Us and the Others? We need to think of the value of animals/ others not only in terms of performance and aesthetics but also life.

 As city dwellers we do desire animals around us but only if they live according to our standards and notions.  Animals thus take over the spaces and areas which have no human trace or are remote from them to feel safer.

Page19 2.3 RESEARCH PAPER ANALYSIS: “OF MORE THAN HUMAN SPACELIVING AMONG PESTS” BY AR. JOYCE HWANG

 Planning animal territory from scope of architecture of one building to planning of a city or larger regions.

3. Pest Wall - Pest wall is an exploration of various strategies for implementing bat-habitation opportunities in existing urban environments. The project is a new type of exterior wall construction that would attract and provide ‗urban housing‘ for bats and other wildlife. Pest wall aims to question our embattled notions of the word ―pest‖ by intensifying the visibility and awareness of typically ‗undesired‘ animals that are critical to our urban ecosystems.

Figure 13 : Bat CloudFigure 14 : Bat Tower

4. Large scale experimentation with space and urban pest was done. A new form of zoning known as the Generative Zoning Method was undertaken to spot animal habitats, present and with potential. Thus, animals need a more visible habitation amongst the humans.

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Figure 15 : Showing the

The Government does not maintain any crime records. However, the Animal Welfare Board of India maintains a data of complaints on reported cruelty to animals. The Wildlife Crime Bureau also deals with the violation of Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.The data on crimes relating to cruelty to animals maintained by the Law enforcement authority of the concerned States and Union Territories. The Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI) in their annual report publishes the details of the complaints received in regard to the animal cruelty along with the action taken. The number of complaints received in the Animal Welfare Board of India regarding cruelty to animals are forwarded to the concerned States /Union Territories for taking necessary action. The details from the year 2015-16 to till date (as on 25.07.2021) is given hereunder: cases cruelty July 2021

of animal

till

2.4 ABOUT ANIMAL CURELTY IN INDIA:

Page21 Figure 16 :Animal injured in last 8 year (2011 2019) Figure 17 : Pie chart showing the status of reported cases

Page22

This does not include animal deaths in slaughterhouses, zoos, laboratories, and deaths by accidents or human negligence.

Humans hurt, maimed, killed, and even raped almost 5 lakh animals between 2010 and 2020, according to the latest report on violence against animals in India. The report, published by the Federation of Indian Animal Protection Organisations (FIAPO) and All Creatures Great and Small (ACGS), says that in the said period a total of 4,93,910 animals became victims of crimes committed by humans. These include over 2,300 gruesome and intentional acts of violence that led to the animal‘s death or irreparable harm, the report says.

―Because they are animals, people tend to underplay the violence by calling it cruelty. But it‘s more than cruelty. It‘s physical abuse; it‘s psychological abuse; it‘s rape; it‘s murder. Severe crimes against animals must be treated as felony,‖ Varda Mehrotra, executive director, FIAPO, said. Based on the documentation so far, the report estimates that at least five animals die every day in India. But because of lack of reporting, the actual figures could be at least 10 times higher, the report predicts.

Figure 19 : Animal rescue cases in MumbaiFigure 18 : Cruelty cases in Mumbai

As per the report, out of the 1,000 assault cases recorded against the animals, 82 cases were of sexual abuse, 266 cases of cold-blooded murder, and over 400 cases were of violent attacks of beating, kicking, torturing, throwing acid or boiling water, maiming a part of the body, attacking with a knife or a blunt object. According to the report, year 2019 saw the highest number of cases of crimes against animals (700 cases). Additionally, almost 4,230 dogs were killed by mass culling drives across the country in the past five years alone.

2.5 READ NEWSPAPER AND ARTICLES RELATED

Page23

In a horrific incident that took place in state Kerala, a dog was beaten to death by two juveniles and a youth in the locality of Adimalathura. The incident grabbed the attention of netizens after Christuraj, one of the owners of the dog released the brutal video in social media platforms. The video shows the dog named ―Bruno‖ being clubbed to death and it created a huge outrage in social media platforms with people seeking justice for the innocent creature.

In the incident that took place on Monday, the dog was tied by its neck to the hook of a boat‘s fishing bait, being beaten with heavy sticks by three persons. A case was registered against the criminals under relevant sections, said Inspector G Ramesh. ―However, we have not taken the accused into custody yet as it turns out that the offenders, the youth seen in the video, attacking the dog, are all under the age of 18‖ he added. The black Labrador named Bruno was jointly raised by eight siblings who were resided as neighbours. Sony P, sister of Christuraj registered the complaint to the Police. Sony who brought up Bruno for eight long years, said that she got devastated on knowing what happened to Bruno. Sony said that Bruno who loves playing with the kids of eight siblings, developed a habit of going to the beach for past few days.Usually, he would return by the noon‖ Sony said. Bruno was bought to their house when he was one year old by Martin, one of the siblings. Bruno‘s leash would break easily and the family members were planning to buy one after lockdown relaxation. When Bruno was missing on Monday morning, Andrew, one of the family members went to search him and witnessed the innocent creature being beaten by a number of youths.

 Animal Cruelty Case 01:

Figure 20 : Showing image of Dog „Bruno‟

Figure 21: Image showing the two monsters beating an innocent „Bruno‟ ANIMAL CURELTY:

Andrew couldn‘t confront them as they were three in number and he went there alone. He was informed that Bruno lay under the fishing boat after visiting the beach and they started beating him. The youths hurled the dead dong into the sea, according to reports. Sony said that Police didn‘t respond properly as one of the criminals had connections with a police officer at coastal police station. After realizing that they wouldn‘t get justice legally, the family decided to make people aware about the crime by uploading the video in Face book. Sony also said that the youths entered their house with iron rods and threatened them after the Police complaint was made.

of the Bombay Animal Rights (BAR) said: "It is indeed a heinous animal cruelty crime. The paws of the victim pup have also been chopped by the unknown culprits. We hope that the cops soon identify and book them."



Hours after she gave birth to four puppies in Khudda Sanaur village of Patiala last Saturday, a dog was beaten with sticks and bricks and dragged from a motorcycle for at least two kilometers till she died, after which her body was dumped in a pond. After two eyewitnesses informed rescue group Janhit Sewa Samiti about the incident, her four newborn pups were rescued, but two of them died on Thursday. An FIR was registered after an autopsy of the carcass. The report confirmed severe injuries to the skull and private parts of the animal. Four days on, Patiala Police are yet to make an arrest. While the incident happened on Sunday morning (the dog gave birth late Saturday), Patiala Police registered the FIR two days later (on Tuesday). The accused, a man identified as Manga Singh, and his mother, are absconding and their home is locked, they said.

A 45 day old puppy was brutally killed by unknown persons at Mira Road on Sunday night. An FIR has now been lodged by local activists at the Kashimira police station."The animal cruelty has shocked everyone here because the pup's body was cut into two by using some sharp instrument or a weapon. It happened close to the JP North Garden City complex at Mira Road. A fellow activist Munmun Singh filed the FIR, while I am further coordinating with the police so that the culprits can be nabbed," said Mira Road resident Herald Monteiro. He further added that due to fewer street lights in the area, police have so far not been able to trace the culprits."The killed puppy belonged to a mother dog who is now taking care of four other puppies. The female dog had to breastfeed the surviving pups even as the body of the killed puppy was found," addedActivistMonteiro.VijayMohanani

Page24

―They saw a man thrashing the dog mercilessly with sticks and stones. She had just delivered four babies on July 4 and the next day at around 11 am, the man beat the dog till she fell unconscious and then dragged her after tying her to a motorbike. Those two youths tried to intervene and save her but the accused verbally abused them. The dog had already died by then,‖ said Mehrok.

Animal Cruelty Case 02:

Figure 22 : Image showing the half part of puppy

Simran Kaur Mehrok (24), a nursing student in Patiala and volunteer with Janhit Sewa Samiti, who rescued the four pups and got the dog‘s autopsy conducted after recovering her body from the pond Monday, said she received a call on Sunday evening from some local village youths who were initially ―very scared to reveal anything‖ and just asked her to rescue four puppies as their mother had died.

 Animal Cruelty Case 03:

―It was only after I insisted that they told me how the man killed the dog and threw her body in the pond,‖ added Mehrok. On Monday morning, when Mehrok reached the village to rescue the puppies, the dog‘s body was found floating in the pond. She then also went to the home of the accused. ―His mother claimed that the dog bit her on the finger but there was no injury. There wasn‘t even a scratch. When I asked her if she got injections as the dog bit her, she had no answer. Later villagers told us that the dog had just delivered but the accused and her mother were trying to disturb her, due to which she had just barked at them. When I questioned the woman about where the dog was, she said ‗Ohnu tu main chakwa ditta (I got it picked up)‘. She also accepted that her son picked up the dog,‖ said Mehrok. After the carcass was recovered, Mehrok claimed that she kept waiting at the spot for police to respond, but they did not come. ―I had no option left but to write to Maneka Gandhi and seek help. She responded immediately and ordered the local administration to help us. It was only then that the body was taken for autopsy and FIR was registered on July 7,‖ said Mehrok, who took the dead dog‘s four puppies to her home. The FIR against Manga Singh and his mother was registered on complaint of Amit Bhanot, head of Janhit Sewa Samiti, under sections 429 (mischief by killing or maiming cattle or any other animal) of IPC and 11 of the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, at Sanaur police station. Inspector Karamjit Singh, SHO, Sanaur police station, said raids were being conducted to trace the accused. At her home, Mehrok is taking care of the dog‘s surviving puppies. ―They couldn‘t be with their mother for even 24 hours after birth and did not get her milk. They hadn‘t even opened their eyes properly before their mother was killed. We tried to bottle feed them and keep them warm but two of them died today. We are trying to find a lactating dog which can feed the remaining two now. There are no words to explain what that dog went through. Police are not making a serious effort to arrest the culprits,‖ she said.

Page25

 Animal Cruelty Case 04: Vegetable vendor, 68, from Juhu Gully was caught in the act in Dec 2020 by resident who approached NGO, strictest punishment demanded. A vegetable vendor in Andheri has been arrested by the DN Nagar police for allegedly abusing stray dogs in the area. Police suspect that the accused has raped more than 30 dogs as per video evidence collected by a resident.Questioning of the accused revealed that he lured dogs and cats by giving them meat late at night and raped them while they ate. With the number of such rapes increasing, an NGO has requested all feeders to provide safety to animals. The accused has been identified as Ahmad Shahi, 68, who has a handicap in his left hand. He resides at Juhu Gully. Police said that the accused told them that if he is feeding the animals and raping them, and if the animals don‘t have any objection, it is not a crime. The complainant, Vijay Mohanani, runs the NGO Bombay Animal Rights based in Peddar Road and has sought the strictest action against the accused.

Figure 23 : Image showing the puppies and News Paper Cut out

Page26

Mohanani told mid-day, ―On Tuesday, I received a call from Aslam Shaikh, a resident of Juhu Gully. Shaikh told me that Shahi is regularly raping street dogs. When I asked for proof, he sent me a video from December 2020 where Shahi is seen raping a dog. I was shocked at the video and immediately informed DN Nagar police about Shahi.‖ ―During interrogation, he revealed that he has raped 30 40 dogs in the area by luring them with food between 3 am and 4 am. Currently, my team is conducting a medical examination of all female dogs in Juhu Gully. We will submit a list of victim dogs. This is a heinous crime, the accused has no humanity,‖ Mohnani said. Senior Inspector Bharat Gaikwad said, ―Shahi was held from his residence late on Tuesday night. The date of the video is not confirmed yet and we have sent it to our technical experts. The accused has been remanded in police custody.‖

Figure 24: Serial rapist abused more than 30 dogs in Andheri, ARRESTED!

Subjected to cruelty, 30 cows and calves found dead in two different incidents; As many as 30 cows and calves allegedly subjected to cruelty were found dead at two different places in the past 24 hours in Madhya Pradesh, said police.Around 24 cows and calves were being carried in a container truck on a national highway when it was intercepted at Hoshangabad, 70 kilometres south of Bhopal, on Tuesday night. In the other incident, six cows, locked in a room for more than 3 days, were found dead in a village in Shivpuri district, 312 kilometres north of Bhopal, on Tuesday evening, according to police. The container truck was on its way from Nagpur side when it stopped at Sulia fatak in Hoshangabad city on Tuesday night. When some local people saw a huge quantity of urine mixed with cow dung flowing out of the container, they informed the police about the same. When a police team reached there, the truck driver fled leaving behind the truck, according to the police. The police team found two registration numbers fixed on the truck one in the front and the other on the rear side belonging to Haryana and Maharashtra. The police personnel opened the container to find that there were at least 63 cows and calves divided in two compartments of the container. Twenty four of the cows and calves were found dead while the remaining were rescued and were sent to the local Krishi Upaj Mandi.

 Animal Cruelty Case 05:

•

•

•

•

Figure

Some of the cases of animal cruelty in India are given below: A pregnant goat was gang raped by 8 men in Haryana. A female street dog was raped by a man inside his home in Kolkata. 100 stray dogs were culled and dumped in a forest area in Hyderabad. A man had unnatural sex with three cows in Vadodara. Eleven Monkeys were brutally killed and dumped near highway in Rajasthan. Several stray dogs were poisoned to death in Nagpur. A stray dog fractured its skull after being beaten with an iron rod in Mumbai. A cow was run over by a police vehicle in Chhattisgarh. A dog was mercilessly beaten to death by three men in Gujarat. 21 beagles were confined in cages for scientific experiments in Pune. A street dog was left to die when workers poured hot tar on it while it was sleeping. 25 : Cows are seen at a shelter home.

Page27 

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2. The Surgical unit is a sterile area and must be deal with utmost hygiene and care as it can easily transmit diseases during surgery when the wounds are open. This unit of the hospital is not open to the public and must follow strict routines of sterilization as per VCI standards. (Veterinary Council of India).

Page28 3. CHAPTER : 3 DATA COLLECTION



3. The Hospital refers to the treatment units and the Inpatient facility. This unit handles second degree ailments after they have been looked over by an Outpatient Veterinarian. A separate unit is to be provided for their treatment, observation and recovery .This unit is not open to the public.

3.3.1 Environmental Conditions: Any clinical areas such as the animal wards and surgery should be maintained at a higher temperature for animals undergoing surgery or recovering from GA and for sick patients on treatment. There should be adequate and appropriate ventilation, open windows and doors do not help to maintain any heat and are also an escape route for patients

VETERINARY HOSPITAL:

3.3 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS:

The functions of a veterinary hospital fall into four basic divisions:  The Outpatient or Clinical  The Surgical  The Hospital  General Services.

4. General Services in a Veterinary Hospital refer to the Administrative department, account keeping, janitor services, and pharmacy and storage facility. Etc. These are the ancillary facilities that are necessary to support the functioning of the hospital

3.2 FUNCTIONS OF A VETERINARY HOSPITAL:

An animal hospital is an institution designed, built, equipped and staffed to render modern veterinary care to animals. This care involves numerous functions and services: reception, admission and discharge; bookkeeping and payroll; purchase and account collections; outpatient services; laboratory; radiography; surgery and hospitalization services, including nursing care around the clock. These are the basic essential services which must be rendered by any animal hospital. There are others, such as grooming, boarding and providing vending machines for clients and employees, but these are secondary services not essential to modern veterinary care.

3.1

1. The Outpatient/ Clinical unit deals with day to day handling of patients. This unit must have proper facility to hold a large number of patients and daily footfall based on the number of Outpatient rooms available. Therefore it is important to think about the waiting areas for such spaces.



The design of the hospital is important and many factors should be considered to create a suitable environment. Some of the main points are listed below:

Zoning of spaces ought to be done with respect to the way they function, for example, an emergency surgery will have to go from the emergency unit to the preparation room to the OT and then to recovery and(or) In patient ward. This sequence must determine the location of various spaces and functions

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 Ideally surgery rooms on higher floors should be avoided if kennel/holding areas are downstairs.

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 These areas include those used for housing or treating immune-compromised patients (e.g., patients receiving chemotherapy, geriatric patients, pediatric patients), such as operating rooms, isolation areas, intensive care units, postoperative recovery rooms, and oncology wards.

Page29  Adequate ventilation also helps to release bad odor from Treatment and Isolation rooms  Recovery rooms with access to greenery either physically or visually helps in healing .

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 Each room should be adequate for its function, they should be large enough for the purpose and have sufficient lighting, electrical sockets and be in a good location.

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

3.3.3 Layout:

 It should be determined early in the design process which areas of the hospital should receive special consideration for infection control.

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

Ideally, foot pedals or infrared sensors should be installed to allow hands free operation of all faucets and limit the role of faucet handles as fomites.

Because hand washing is one of the main strategies for preventing nosocomial infections, special attention should be paid to providing convenient hand washing stations in all clinical areas of the hospital. Sinks should be as deep as possible to prevent splashing of water and scattering of organisms.



 Where possible the front of the hospital should be for client areas such as reception and consulting rooms, and the rear is treatment areas that are more private and secure.

 Any windows in the hospital that are allowed to open should be well fitted with insect screens.

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The floor plan of the hospital or clinic should be carefully considered so that there is a flow through of traffic such as from consulting room out to treatment areas and kennels and from prep room to surgery.



Antiseptic hand lotion dispensers can also be located in these stations to maximize staff compliance with hand hygiene policies.



If cage blankets, surgical drapes, other clinical linens, or food bowls are to be washed in house, the hot water system should be designed to provide temperatures in excess of 160°F to ensure disinfection laundry and dishwasher cycles.

3.3.2 Function:

 The design of the operating room should limit foot traffic in the adjacent areas. This mainly involves placing the operating room in a "dead end" to minimize the movement of people outside the entrance. Windows in operating rooms should never be opened.

Circulation: Typical circulation of the Client: Upon approaching the hospital the client must be oriented so that he may go either to the main lobby or directly to the emergency entrance. If the client enters through the reception area, he should go directly to the receptionist station to

Operating rooms require a higher degree of infection control than other areas.

 Having to walk through several rooms or even go outside to get from one area to another is not ideal.

3.3.4

Following the examination and treatment of his pet, the client is directed to a separate check out counter at the receptionist station to make additional appointments and financial arrangements.

 After the patient is prepared he is taken into the surgery area. After the surgery is complete he is placed in the intensive care cages for close observation for a few hours. From the intensive care cages he is transferred to the hospital ward until he is ready to be discharged. If the patient expires during surgery, the carcass is placed in a plastic bag and taken to the morgue (freezer), where the animal is later picked up and taken away.

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Circulation of a typical emergency case:

 The emergency entrance is located adjacent to the treatment area for quicker treatment and to avoid any unnecessary mess in the receptionist area. Emergency cases will be received at this entrance.

 While the patient is in the treatment area the injuries are determined. If surgery is required the patient is taken to the preoperative area and prepared for surgery.

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Circulation of a typical Surgical Patient: The surgery is always scheduled except for emergency cases.

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 The patient and client are taken from the waiting area to the examination area. The examination room is equipped to administer vaccinations and minor medical treatment. If more extensive treatment is necessary the patient is taken to the treatment area. After the treatment, the patient is returned to the client at the waiting area and discharged.

Circulation of a typical patient that is need of minor medical attention:

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 After the patient has arrived, he is taken to the preoperative area to be prepared for surgery.

From the receptionist station the client will leave the hospital.

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 From the waiting area the client will move to the examination room. The client should have direct access to the examination room and not allowed to circulate in the work areas of the hospital.

Page30 register.  If it is necessary for the client to wait, there should be a waiting area provided.

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 Client

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SPATIAL REQUIREMENTS:

The spatial requirements of a Veterinary hospital fall under three categories: Clinical areas. Hospital areas. C. General areas.

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 Reception

 Equipment:  2 Rolling Chairs  Counter for Filling out Records  Separate Counter for Money Transactions And Scheduling Appointments (For Privacy)  Telephone Answering Device  Record Storing System  Intercom System  Burglar Alarm System  File Cabinets (4 Drawer)  Copy Machine B. Waiting

Much of the outpatient area is for the clients use. It is occasionally referred to as the clinical area because of the activities are clinical oriented. The functions that occur here include reception, examination, pathological services, pharmaceutical services, public toilet, and storage.

Page31

A.

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3.4

B.

The receptionist station should be designed for two employees and in a manner allowing them to observe entering clients, direct clients to examination rooms, collect compensation due, assist the doctors as needed, and work without disturbance from children, dogs, and talkative clients. A small counter should be available for payment of accounts affording a limited degree of privacy so that the client feels free to discuss charges in detail. room: Most of the stress and fear developed at a Veterinary hospital comes from the type of waiting room environment. segregation of species, Close proximity of cat and dog waiting areas in the hospital is the top reason of creating stress in dogs and cats. areas in veterinary hospitals have traditionally been akin to standard physician‘s office waiting rooms. They‘re typically lined with chairs and benches. Sometimes there‘s a hospitality counter with coffee and water and a television on the wall for light entertainment.

Improper

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A. Reception:

Modern veterinary practices often try to think outside the box when it comes to the waiting experience at their hospital by incorporating alternative waiting areas. These alternative waiting areas offer more to clients more technology, more comfort, more convenience and more choices. waiting:

3.4.1 Clinical Area:

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 Outdoor waiting areas:

 It gives cat clients the ability to escape the noises and smells associated with dog customers, who can help lower the stress levels of both the cats and their owners.

 Having snacks and beverages available is also nice, as well as private restrooms, if possible.

 They should be extra comfortable, with sofas and arm chairs, and equipped with TVs, Wi Fi and maybe even some computers for public use.

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 CAT waiting area: A private, quiet waiting area dedicated to cat clients is a must in modern veterinary hospitals.

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 Configuration of the seating and availability of varied options to clients and pets can contribute to a better waiting room environment. Availability of play toys and distracting elements. TV screens and displays of humane education/ healthcare/ etc.

For pets that get stressed sitting in reception, it‘s an opportunity to go to a more open and natural environment, which might help them feel less confined and potentially calmer and happier.

Patient waiting:  DOG waiting area:  Provision of sufficient space to help patients pass by each other without too much contact.

The examination should be done in privacy allowing the doctor to consult with the client.

Page32

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 A minimum amount of treatment should be done here to minimize in cleaning and to aid in the scheduling of work, therefore increasing the number of patients that can be seen in one day.

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For these people, it‘s nice to offer a long term waiting area a separate, quieter and more private space than standard waiting rooms.

 Cats are smaller than dogs and thus cat waiting areas can be relatively small. Enclosing them in glass allows visibility from staff, while still keeping the odours and noises away Provision of scratch pads and play toys help distract the cats and keep them occupied.

Long term waiting area: Some people prefer to wait for their pets while they undergo medical procedures as opposed to leaving and coming back later when the procedure is over.

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Give clients the option to get outside for a bit instead of being cooped up inside. Clients can get some fresh air and reconnect with nature.

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C. Examination room:

The ability to look outside and have a view of the outdoor environment reduces stress in dogs and pet owners. Availability of natural light and outdoor spill out areas can reduce the amount of anxiety developed in the waiting room environment.

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 The treatment is generally carried out in another area of the hospital, preventing the client from experiencing the sometimes unpleasant sights and odours

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 Since they require a syringe and needle, the injectable should be stored so that the doctor can reach all three without having to take a step. The injectable should be kept in a small counter top Refrigerator with the syringe and needles nearby.

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Page33  Indoor/outdoor examination rooms are great for Fear Free practices, as some dogs are calmer and happier when being seen in an outdoor environment instead of an indoor exam room.  Examination Equipment:  Sink, For Washing Hands  Counter Top  Refrigerator, To Store Injectable And Meds  Examination Table  Small Cabinet, For Storing Examination Instruments  Instruments To Perform An Examination Such As:  Diagnostic Set; Thermometer; 2 Artery Forceps; 2 Dressing Forceps; Cotton Wool Jar; 5 Inch Curved Scissors; 1 S/S Kidney Dish; Is/S Bowl; Stethoscope.  Oxygen, Emergency Supply  Seating For Clients  X Ray Viewer, Wall Mounted  Small Supply Of Drugs In Everyday Use  Examination Lamp  Syringes And Needles  Weighing Scale  Services:  Air conditioning  Water supply D. Pharmacy: The pharmacy should be located adjacent to the examination rooms and located in the exit way of the client so as provide easy access without having to go out of the necessary circulation area.  The biological will be stored in a refrigerator.  Ointments are best stored in a drawer 4 to 5 inches deep.  Small glass or plastic dropper bottles of solutions are best stored in a drawer.  Injectable generally are not dispensed; they are kept in the examination rooms. Services: Air conditioning E. Laboratory: The lab needs to be fully equipped in order to conduct and provide results within the hospital itself. It should be in close proximity to a diagnostic unit with a pass through cabinet to transfer samples. The machines are not allowed to heat over 30 degree Celsius.  Equipment:  CBC Hematology analyzer  Serum Bio Chemistry Analyzer  Computerized radiography  Centrifuger  Anti Coagulant Analyzer  Hormone assay  Uri scan  Binocular microscope

 Puppy

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H.

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Page34  Refrigerator  Services:Sink Water supply, Air conditioning. F. Radiography:  A separate room should be allocated for taking X rays.  It must consist of a storage unit to hold the dressing and another unit to store records.  Equipment:  Stationary digital X ray system  Storage units  Computer G. Janitors closet:  A space for the storage of cleaning equipment and supplies is needed by every hospital. 

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I. Restrooms: There should be a toilet that is convenient for the public's use. A separate restroom should be provided for the staff, adjacent to a staff lounge. Hospital Area: A. Treatment: The treatment of a patient follows the examination and can occur either during the examination or in another centrally located and better equipped place depending on the type and extent of treatment necessary. Usually the veterinarian chooses to take the patient to a treatment table away from the client to prevent him from experiencing unpleasant sights and to have more equipment at his disposal. Such procedures as minor surgery and dental work are done, and here emergency cases can be received and evaluated. These facilities should be located adjacent to where the examination rooms and the pharmacy laboratory stainless steel table lighting /Kitten incubator(18"x18"x24")

 Examination

A storage room needs to be provided for storing medicine stock; this room should be adjacent to the pharmacy to easy restocking. A general store room adjacent to the office area is to be provided to store records and medical details of the patients.

The most appropriate location for this storage is near the OP rooms, ICU, Treatment rooms .

3.4.2

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 Equipment:  Winged

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A minimum area of 18 to 20 square feet is necessary to contain a mop or service sink, mop bucket, and a place to hang mops and brooms, etc. Storage room: There needs to be two types of storage areas in the hospital: A clean storage room to store clean linen, equipment and bedding. A soiled storage room to store dirty linen that is to be taken to the laundry room.

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Isolation rooms and soiled areas of the hospital (e.g., areas where dirty laundry collects) should be under negative pressure (<2.5 Pa) in relation to adjacent areas.

Page35  Small refrigerator (2'x2'x2')  Wall mounted X ray viewer 

The most tedious and exacting work is done here and requires a high degree of sterilization and freedom from all distractions. All unnecessary circulation or unrelated activities must be prohibited to maintain this high degree of sterilization and freedom from distraction.

Bulletin board B. Isolation rooms:

Ventilation professionals (usually the provider of the HVAC system) should routinely check the balance of airflow in the various areas of the hospital, ideally when the building's climate control changes from predominantly heating to predominantly air conditioning or vice versa, or at least once a year. Surgery:

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A separate bathing tub within the isolation unit is also useful if there is enough space.

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This prevents infectious particles from being transmitted to clean areas of the hospital by air currents. Isolation areas should receive six to 12 air changes per hour, and all air should be exhausted directly outdoors with no recirculation. If this is not possible, the air should pass through HEPA filters before being added to general circulation.

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The introduction and use of such equipment as anesthetic machines, heart monitor, and automatic resuscitator means that more space is required for surgery. Ample space ability to navigate the patient around without interrupting the surgeon It should be located adjacent to an emergency entrance, to receive emergency cases to be evaluated. This prevents any undesirable sights and mess at the receptionist station.

The surgery must be located adjacent to the pre operative preparation area and postoperative area. Only one entrance is recommended to the surgery with a scrub sink adjacent to this entrance.

 Equipment:  Shadow less lamp  Anesthetic machine  Gas manifold  Autoclave sterilizing machine  Surgical trays  Portable X ray machine  Wall mounted X ray viewer  Stainless steel surgical table  Storage cabinets  Rooms:  Sterile corridor

The anteroom also limits the movement of air from the isolation room to the general population of patients and provides storage for contaminated linens. If space allows, the dedication of two separate areas for isolating patients enables the separation of animals with different infectious diseases.

Should be designed with an anteroom to provide a place for donning barrier clothing (e.g., gloves, gown, and booties) as well as disinfectant footbaths and a hand washing station.

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C.

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The exhaust is larger than the supply to maintain a negative pressure It should be located in close proximity to a nurse station.

Although the minimum size for a run is 3' by 5', runs for larger dogs should be provided at a minimum size of 4' by 7'.

An observation window should be provided Wards and runs should be given special consideration in respect to ventilation, Cleaning and sound control.

Page36  OT  Scrub up area  CSSD  Pre operative room (for surgeon)  Preparation room (for patient)  Dirty corridor  Dirty linen storage  Staff lounges  Recovery room  ICU  In patient wards (separate for dogs and cats)  Services:  Water, Sterile Air conditioning, Oxygen lines D. Recovery and observation ward:  This ward is basically for critical postsurgical patients that need the extra care to assure rapid recovery. It should be located so that the veterinarian can observe while passing by or while performing other duties. 

Entering into the amount of odor sources is the number of animals, physical condition of those animals, and frequency of compartment and run clean up.

E. Exercise runs: The exercise runs serve two necessary functions:



 They provide a place for the animals while the cages are serviced, and they serve as a place to exercise the animals of the wards.



A four inch concrete block wall properly coated with glazed wall coating is the most satisfactory, particularly in terms of long range wear and use.

 It is recommended that these walls should be constructed approximately 5' 6" high with cove base







From the standpoint of ventilation and for the purpose of noise isolation, they are best located at the rear of the hospital.



The wards and runs should have exhaust fans to assure positive exhaust and maintain a negative pressure between these areas and other parts of the hospital.

 Divisions between runs should be constructed to discourage any contact between occupants.

The runs are best located adjacent to the wards to minimize the time and effort needed to exercise the dogs. One run for each six or seven cages is recommended.

 Extremely large dogs are occasionally kept in the runs rather than a cramped cage.



The ventilation rate of the kennel should be determined on a different basis than the rest of the hospital because of the large concentration of odor sources.



The quantity of outside air for ventilation of the kennel and runs should be based on an estimated percentage of animal occupancy and types of animals



The staff members need a place they can relax privately during a break or during Lunch. It should be furnished with a sleeper sofa, refrigerator, micro wave oven, and a Table with chairs for the convenience of the staff.

 To facilitate cleaning, the floors of the runs should slope to the rear for positive drainage and made of a smooth hard surface. Water for cleaning and consumption should be available.

 The veterinarian should have a private office for consultation purposes with Clients, for a place to concentrate on personal business, and relax privately.

3.4.3 General areas:



 Very few animal hospitals go to the trouble of cooking and preparing the food for The patients. The prepared canned diets today are more than adequate and require much less Time and expense.

 A counter space, sink, can opener, refrigerator, storage and refuse disposal are the Necessary items for this function.

C. Lounge 



E. Laundry:  A provision for washing and drying soiled clothing is necessary. Preferably to be placed out of the sight of visitors.



F. Services:  AHU: Adequate Air Handling Units for both general air conditioning as well as Surgical air conditioning is necessary. WASTE DISPOSAL: Proper facilities for the collection and disposal of waste generated in the hospital are to be provided. Proper segregation of waste should be maintained.

The cabinet space above the counter top will be used as secondary storage of the Canned diets; adjustable shelving is recommended. The cabinet space below the counter top will be used as storage of the dry food, Bowls and refrigerator.







A. Reception:  Receptions with adequate waiting areas are key to a good hospital design.

D. Kitchen:  The wards require a place to prepare the animal's food.

B. Office:  General accounts room for record keeping and Office room in close proximity to the reception

Page37 and rounded cap.  The gate should be constructed of a galvanized chain link fence material to prevent corrosion and to allow the animal to see out.

3.5.2

3.5.5



Post-operative procedure-surgeon & staff: The surgeon and veterinary staff assisting during the surgery will need to change from soiled scrubs and take a shower in the provided staff lounge.

The patients undergoing Minor surgery will be taken to the recovery area and then can be sent home. Patients undergoing Major surgery will be taken to the recovery room post surgery and then moved to the In patient wards, in the case of needing medical attention, the patient will be taken to the ICU post surgery and then to the In patient wards.





The surgical area of the patient is clipped and the loose hair is removed. The surgical area is cleansed, and the animal is transported to the surgery table.





 This takes place in the Preparation room. The veterinary assistants begin with the administering of the pre anesthetic medication followed by anesthesia.





As the working center, such functions as instrument cleaning, storage, minor surgery, post operative treatment and observation have cumulatively made this the busiest part of the hospital.



3.5.3

Post operative procedure patient:









All staff involved in surgery must change into sterile clothing and must have washed their hands and feet with disinfectants This takes place in a separate pre operative room outside but abutting the sterile area.



3.5.1

Pre-operative procedure-surgeon & staff:

Pre operative procedure equipment: All equipment to be used must be thoroughly sterilized in an Autoclave and be kept in the CSSD (central sterile services department). The CSSD must be abutting the sterile area.



3.5.4

Page38

3.5 SURGICAL PROCEDURE:



Post-operative procedure-equipment:





Pre-operative procedure-patient:

 The preoperative and postoperative functions should be performed adjacent to the surgery and wards for convenience and ease of operation. These functions include the preparation of both the patient and equipment. The equipment consists of the surgical linens, instruments and electronic devices.

The preoperative procedures deal with the preparation of the patient.

3.5.6

Hair, dust and other debris are left behind keeping the surgery clean, therefore maintaining a high sterilized state during the surgery.

Postoperative procedures include the cleaning and sterilization of the surgical linens and instruments. The operating gowns, gloves, towels and drapes are first cleaned in a washing machine then dried.







The choice of flooring material depends on the area of the hospital. Floors in Clinical areas should be easy to clean. This requires that the surface be relatively Smooth, nonporous, water resistant, and not physically affected by germicidal Cleaning solutions.

 Then



 Washer (25"x25"x36")  Dryer (25"x25"x36"). 3.6

 These

 Surgical prep tub



3.5.7 Surgical preparation equipment:  Rolling stainless steel table



 Surgical

Then they are loosely folded and sterilized in the autoclave. sterilization they are stored for future use. surgical instruments are cleaned in soap and water. they are sterilized with dry heat, because steam or boiling dulls the cutting edges. packs of instruments are made up, containing the proper selection necessary to perform certain surgical procedures. packs are stored for future use and should be such that easy access from the operating room is provided. (2' x 5') (18"x 20") (28" x 70") (24"x18"x20") (24"x18"x20") SURFACE AND FITTING: 3.6.1 Floors:

 After

 Autoclave

Clinical areas epoxy or sheet vinyl Ideally, the floors in clinical areas should be monolithic (seamless). Appropriate choices for clinical areas are poured epoxy or methyl methacrylate flooring or sheet vinyl products. It is important to avoid a completely smooth surface; although ideal for infection control, it can create a serious slip hazard for clients and personnel when wet, and some dogs may have difficulty walking on it.





 Bulletin board  Wall clock  Monocular microscope  Weighing scales surgical scrub up sink  Surgical Cleaning and Sterilization Equipment  Electro sonic instrument cleaner and tray

 The

Page39 

Public areas tiles Tile is a popular choice for reception areas, but it is important to select a Nonporous tile that has minimal texture because small ridges or crevices Can trap dirt and bacteria. Tile also requires the use of grout, and the grout selected should be smooth And waterproof. A tile floor should be well sealed; periodic professional cleaning and Resealing is recommended (based on the installer's recommendation). Tile is not a good choice for the clinical areas of the hospital because the Grout filled cracks between tiles can trap bacteria.



 Stainless steel prep, counter

3.6.2 Drains:

 Poured epoxy flooring and sheet vinyl flooring both allow for continuation of the floor material up the wall, avoiding any joints that could harbor bacteria. A minimum of four inches of cove base above the floor is recommended to facilitate contact with mop heads.

 If a rubberized base is selected, the joints between the floor and the base material must be tightly sealed. A better choice for clinical areas is an integral base.



 Good choices in these areas are:  Painted, sealed concrete;  Laminates (e.g., melamine);  In sensitive areas of the hospital (e.g., isolation units, surgical suites, oncology wards), wall finishes should be free of fissures, open joints, or crevices that could harbor dirt particles. Wherever plumbing penetrates the wall, the joins should be well sealed.

 Alternatively, wet vacuums allow the use of large volumes of water and disinfectant without relying on floor drains.

 The wall base should also be selected with infection control in mind. Base should be coved, as right angled corners between the wall and the floor are difficult to clean.



The use of floor drains is controversial. Drains provide the opportunity to wash an area with large volumes of water and disinfectant or even highpressure washers, which may be more effective than a mop. However, drains provide a potential site for bacterial colonization that can be difficult to eliminate. If floor drains are used, they must be disinfected routinely.

 For areas where the walls require frequent cleaning, a nonporous, smooth surface is recommended.

3.6.4 Ceilings:  Ceilings are less likely to be directly contaminated with infectious body fluids than walls or floors.

3.6.3 Walls:

Page40

 In clinical areas where walls are likely to be soiled, the finish should be washable. Vinyl wall covering is a good choice, as long as the texture is relatively smooth for cleaning.

 It is therefore advisable to install a hard ceiling that is smooth and washable (e.g., painted drywall) in operating rooms. Joins at any ceiling perforations (e.g., for surgical lighting, ventilation ducts) should be sealed.



 Vinyl composition tile is available with low grade textures, but the joints between tiles can trap bacteria. The manufacturer or installer should be consulted on any type of flooring with seams to determine a method and frequency of sealing.

Wall finishes also depend on the area of the hospital. Textile or fabric wall covering should be avoided, except perhaps in administrative areas.

3.7.4. Programs: Shelter activities should be based on the best interests of the animals and the community. The role of staff members is to provide humane care of the animals and to carry out the shelter's programs effectively. Staff members should provide commissioners or board members with information or assistance that will promote the development of responsible animal care and control programs.

3.7.5. Spay/Neuter Efforts:

3.7.6. Cruelty Investigation: Every community should have trained personnel to investigate animal cruelty issues and enforce animal protection laws. All calls and complaints must be handled in a professional, courteous, and timely manner. Personnel should be able to respond twenty four hours a day in cases of emergency.

3.7.2. Adoptions: The shelter should strive to place animals in loving, responsible, and permanent homes. Adoption fees for purebred or obedience trained animals or for animals with distinguishing characteristics should be the same as those charged for other animals. In addition, adoption fees for cats and dogs should be identical 3.7.3. Record Keeping: Complete and accurate records are essential for the responsible, efficient, and legal operation of your animal shelter. A record should be prepared for every animal entering the shelter, giving a full description of the animal and any information about the animal's background that is available. These records should be numbered and filed so that all staff can easily retrieve them. An animal should have the same record or tag number throughout his or her stay at the shelter, and each animal must be clearly identified with a temporary collar and tag. Accurate record keeping is also necessary for an effective lost and found program as well as for tracking animal control calls, cruelty complaints, and the disposition of the animals in the shelter's care.

3.7 FUNTIONS OF AN ANIMAL SHELTER:

It is imperative that shelters have a mandatory spay/neuter program for all adopted animals, preferably one that incorporates both sterilization at adoption and earlyage spay/neuter. Shelters should make it a top priority to ensure that the animals they place for adoption do not contribute to companion animal overpopulation.

Page41

The shelter should provide the most comfortable, stress free environment possible for the animals in your care. Animals should have access to clean, fresh water at all times and be fed according. Food and water bowls should be properly disinfected every day. Cages and kennels should be Commercially manufactured, in good condition, cleaned and disinfected daily, and free of sharp or broken edges. Dogs and cats must be housed separately, and the housing should reflect their different Needs.

3.7.1. Animal Care and Housing:

3.8 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS:





Page42

3.7.7.



Flooring: Appropriate flooring materials are vital to maintaining a clean facility in which microorganisms and odours are minimized. Poured floors with a minimum of seams are best. Ceramic tile is not a good choice for kennel or housing areas because grout is permeable and therefore impossible to clean adequately.



Humane Education:











3.7.8. Volunteers: Volunteers can be an invaluable asset to any shelter and its animals. All volunteers must be properly trained for the duties they are assigned and should be supervised at all times.



3.8.1 Kennel Design: Provide enough space for the animal to move around and be comfortable. Do NOT use double or triple decker cages for animals as they are difficult to clean and also pose a danger to kennel staff when animals need to be placed in or removed from the cage

Lighting:  Lighting fixtures in kennels should be placed over dog runs rather than down the middle of the aisle separating facing runs. This makes it easier for visitors and staff to view the animals. Positioning the fixtures in this way should allow sufficient light to spill over to the walkways so that no safety hazard is created for the public or staff.

One of the basic goals should be to reduce stress and disease transmission. Separation of the animals in the care of the facility in the following manner is critical: Dogs from cats Infectious from healthy animals. Aggressive animals from all others Nursing mothers and their young from all others Newly arrived owner relinquished and stray from adoptable animals Recently recovered or mildly ill animals from seriously ill, infectious animals Animals with respiratory illness separate from those with skin (such as ringworm) or gastrointestinal illness.





 Sheet vinyl (for kennels) durable, easy to maintain exposed concrete (for corridors and utility areas).

Every shelter should make every effort to provide humane education for local residents, especially children. From sponsoring community wide awareness campaigns to sending shelter staff into classrooms for presentations, your shelter can embrace a variety of strategies to teach responsible pet ownership and instill a humane ethic in all members of the community.







Page43 3.8.2 Plumbing:  The drainage system must be designed so that waste from one kennel never contaminates another. Drain openings should be at least 4" in diameter.  Lead away pipes should be at least 6" in diameter. Drain covers should be of stainless steel or other non corrosive and easily cleanable material.  These should be easily removable for cleaning but otherwise kept in place to prevent puppies, other small animals, the public, or staff from falling or slipping into them.  Drain Traps should also be installed and cleaned on a regular basis. 3.8.3 Material: The perfect surface would have these characteristics:  Pleasing visual impact.  Durable.  Easily cleanable.  Resilient.  Non absorbent to liquids and odours  Prevents microbial growth.  Sound absorbent 3.8.4 Interior Wall Finishes:  Epoxy paint (animal holding, high maintenance areas, high moisture areas)  ceramic tile (for backsplash areas)  vinyl wall covering (decorative areas and client areas)  kydex acrylic PVC sheet (heavy duty areas).

Page44

3.9

12sq.ftLivingarea Run25sq.ft.area 50sq.ft Table 1 : Showing the area requirement of animals according to their age and size.

ANTHROPOMETRIC

STUDY: Animals expectancyLife Body measurement as per indian standard Behavioural/analysischaracteristics Existing standard area as per indian One for standard Revised total area as Requirementanalysisperand Canine Puppy 10 13 years 4" Height7"frompawToshoulder 6" Length12"backWithouttail Social, like to look out of spaces, hyperactivity, sleep, chewing and Biting, might get depressed if not in company. 12sq.ftlivingarea run20sq.ftarea 45sq.ft mediumSmall/dog 6" height15"frompawtoshoulder 13" 20" back lengthTailwithout Social, like hearing sounds, like shiny materials, to barking, playing, around play to toys pet, get with. 20sq,.ftlivingarea run305q.ftarea 60sq. Ft Large dog 18" 30" height Breedonbasedofthedog 24" 32" back lengthtailwithout Solitary, lay around, like to dig, patient, need space to move, affectionate. 35sq.ftlivingarea run50sq.ftarea 90sq.ft Feline Kitten 12 16 years 4" Height8"frompawToneck 5" 12" Back Withoutlengthtail Solitary at certain level, get stressed by dominant presence, playful, like round objects, pouncing 10sq.ftlivingarea run15sq.ftarea 30sq.ft grownFullcat 9‖ 10‖ MaturityHeightAt 18" 20" Withoutlengthbacktail Solitary at certain level, get stressed by dominant presence, playful, like round objects, 15sq.ftlivingarea run20sq.ftarea 45 sq.ft. Equine Horse(1 3 yrs) 25 30 years 45" Height55"fromFoottostartofneck 50" 75" Withoutlengthbacktail Very social, can get threatened easily but be trained, natural preys, precocial species, doze while standing, graze, constant movement, less immunity, Likes grooming. 100sq.ftlivingarea 300sq.ftrunarea 650sq.ft (aboveHorse4yrs) 35‖ 65‖ MaturityHeightAt 70‖ 80‖ Withoutlengthbacktail 145sq.ftLivingarea Run450sq.ftarea 750sq.ft Donkey maturityAt 25 30 years 35" MaturityHeight65"At 70" WLengthBack80"ithoutTail Social, affectionate, like grooming, Grazing, very poor immunity and Prone to lice, can get depressed if Alone. 40sq,ftLivingarea Run70sq.ftarea 150sq.ft Cow Calf ( 1 4 yrs) 18 22 years 5" Average30"heightOfcalf 40" Length75"fromNosetotail Social, like grazing, get upset or depressed if they are separated From their calf or mates, dairy Cattles need to be separated from Herd, sleep half the day.

20sq,.ftLivingarea Run45sq,.ft.area 80sq.ft Pig maturityAt 15 Years20 35" fullheight60"atmaturity 40" 70" domesticatedlengthaverageofpigs Partially social, get intimidated easily, graze slowly, prefer to be clean, do not like soiled area near living area, peaceful but protective,

12sq.ftLivingarea Run32sq.ft.area 45 sq.ft. Goat maturityAt 15years18 15" height20"atmaturity 18" 25" length From nose to Tail Social with same species, like to Climb, can graze all day, avoid human presence, don't like rains, like to balance and hop.

30sq.ftLivingarea Run65sq.ft.area 120sq.ft Cow ( above 4) Height60"fromPawtohump 95" Length110"fromNosetotail 15sq,ftLivingarea Run40sq.ftarea 80sq.ft Rabbit maturityAt 4 7 years 15" Fromheight25"pawtoEars 20" to 30" Length in one Hop at maturity Social, affectionate, need larger Run areas, grazing area, may get intimidated by their own kind Because of their sexual habits.

Page45 4. CHAPTER : 4 CASE STUDY 4.1 CUPA VETERINARY HOSPITAL: 4.1.1 General Information:  Location: Kundamalli, Bengaluru 18  Total Site Area: 15366 Sq.M  Buit Up Area : 1856 Sq.M.  No. Of Floor : Ground Floor Structure  Parking Area : 20 Cars, 35 Bikes  Project Year : 2005  Working Hours : 9AM To 11PM, Emergency 24 Hours.  Abutting Road : Bellary Service Road 15 M Wide.  Dogs Per Day Treated : 150 200  Cat Per Day Treated : 50 75 4.1.2 About hospital:  Compassion unlimited plus action (CUPA) is a non profit, non government Organization setup in 1991 by miss crystal rogers, a british woman who wrapped up a life in england to start a first ever shelter in the region that would take in suffering animals and provide a safe space for healing and happiness.  CUPA veterinary hospital is a general veterinary hospitl specialized on small animals such as dogs, cat, birds and exotics. Figure 26 : Location of CUPA Veterinary Hospital Figure 27 : CUPA Veterinary Hospital

Page46 Figure 30 : Public and Private Sector of Hospital Plan 4.1.3 Mission of Hospital:  To prevent cruelty to animals.  To protect them from injury.  To promote animal care and welfare.  To foster the human-animal relationship.  To inculcate humanistic values among humans.  To help the sick, the injured, the needy, the exploited, the handicapped and the starved.  To bring about respect and balance in the human animal Relationship and mutual dependence 4.1.4 Ground Floor Plan: 4.1.5 Public and Private Sector of Hospital: Figure 28 : Site Plan of CUPA Figure 29 : Ground floor plan

Page47 4.2 CESSNA LIFELINE VETERINARY HOSPITAL: 4.2.1 General Information:  Location: Domlur, Bengaluru 71  Total Site Area: 12020 Sq.M.  Buit Up Area : 1100 Sq.M.  No. Of Floor : G+3 Floor Structure  Parking Area : 30 Cars, 20 Bikes  Project Year : 2007  Working Hours : 9am To 11pm, Emergency 24 Hours.  Abutting Road : Kga Road 5.5 M Wide  Dogs Per Day Treated : 140 160  Cat Per Day Treated : 30 40 4.2.2 About hospital:  The growing popularity of Cessna Lifeline Veterinary Hospital prompted their expansion into a full fledged hospital.  Established on August 10th 2005, the Cessna Lifeline Veterinary Hospital provides comprehensive health care services coupled with high standards of quality for your pet. Guided by a motto which reads ―Healing through Skill and Compassion‖, Cessna Lifeline Veterinary Hospital maintains that proficient care holds the key to a speedy and wholesome recovery.  Medical facilities and well qualified staff, the hospital has been successful in continually achieving this end over the last three years of its existence. Figure 31 : Location of Cessna Lifeline Veterinary Hospital Figure 32 : Cessna Lifeline Veterinary Hospital Figure 33 : General Treatment Room Figure 34 : Pharmacy

Page48 4.2.3 Site Plan: 1. Entry to the hospital. 2. Exit of the hospital. 3. Main entrance. 4. Swimming pool 5. Parking 2 /4 wheeler. 6. Service area. 4.2.4 Floor Plans: Figure 35 : Site Plan

Page49 4.2.5 Public and Private Sector of Hospital: Figure 36 : Floor Plans of Hospital Figure 37 : Public Private sector plan

Page50 Figure 39 : OASIS Veterinary Hospital 4.3 OASIS VETERINARY HOSPITAL: 4.4.1 General Information:  Location: Suwon Si, Gyeonggi, South Korea.  Total Site Area: 1460 Sq.m.  Buit Up Area: 363 Sq.m  No. Of Floor : Ground Floor Structure  Parking Area : 12 Cars, 10 Bikes  Project Year : 2017  Working Hours: 11 Am To 11pm, Emergency 24 Hours.  Abutting Road : Kga Road 9 M Wide  Dogs Per Day Treated : 50 60  Cat Per Day Treated : 20 30 4.4.2 About Hospital:  Oasis is a veterinary clinic for orthopedics and neurosurgery based on the philosophy ‗to restore function, save lives and contribute to a healthy co existence of humans and animals‘.  It caters to pets from intensive care to rehabilitation treatment, and Operation.  The space is designed with an open layout to promote trust between patient‘s entire processes such as examination, treatment, hospitalization, operation, rehabilitation treatment and research.  It established formative beauty of completion for functions and systems with the trust that there are more stories in simplexes Figure 38 : Location of OASIS Veterinary Hospital

Page51 Figure 40 : Ground Floor Plan Figure 42 : Concept Planning in two steps 4.4.3 Floor Plan: 4.4.4 Public and Private Sector of Hospital: 4.4.5 Design Concept: Figure 41: Public private sector of hospital plan

Figure

Page52 Figure 44: Wallan Veterinary Hospital 4.4 WALLAN VETERINARY HOSPITAL: 4.4.1 General Information:  Location: Wallan Vic 3756, Australia  Total Site Area: 1370 Sq.M.  Buit Up Area : 240 Sq.M.  No. Of Floor : Ground Floor Structure  Parking Area : 12 Cars, 10 Bikes  Project Year : 2016  Working Hours: 11 Am To 11pm, Emergency 24 Hours.  Abutting Road : Kga Road 12 M Wide  Dogs Per Day Treated : 25 30  Cat Per Day Treated : 10 15 4.4.2 About Hospital:  The battens create a veil that oscillate between transport and solid, with viewers into the building that open and close depending on visitors Approach.  Three box like volumes rationalize the plan and reflect the building‘s multiple uses.  The public zone is located at front with animal wards to the side. The staff only and operational areas are the heart of the building and occupy the largest amount of floor space.  Each volume breathes with ample cross ventilation allowed by louvered windows and intersecting corridors that gracefully punctuate the double facade.

43 : Location of Wallan Veterinary Hospital

Page53 4.4.3 Floor Plan: 4.4.4 Public and Private Sector of Hospital: Figure 45 : Ground Floor Plan Figure 46 : Public private sector of hospital plan

Page54 4.5 MRYA VETERINARY HOSPITAL: 4.5.1 General Information:  Location: Bapat Square, Indore, Madhya Pradesh.  Total Site Area: 800 Sq.M.  Buit Up Area : 300 Sq.M.  No. Of Floor : Ground Floor Structure  Parking Area : 5 Cars, 15 Bikes  Project Year : 2020  Working Hours : 09 Am To 11pm, Emergency 24 Hours.  Abutting Road : Kga Road 9 M Wide  Dogs Per Day Treated : 15 20  Cat Per Day Treated : 10 15 4.5.2 About Hospital:  Our clinic is well equipped with ultra sonography, color doppler, echocardiography, digital x ray, ecg fully air conditioned ot, phaco surgery for cataract, gaseous anesthesia, central o2 line. We do all minor major and advanced surgeries for pets. Veterinary surgeon | veterinary doctor | veterinary doctor in indore | veterinary surgeon in indore.  Dr narendra chouhan a gradutate of mhow vety. College started his career after finishing his maters in veterinary surgery and radiology in 2005. He has vast experience of surgeries and has done thousands of different kind of surgeries. His specialty is eye surgeries. And he runs only center of central india for eye surgeries for pets. His clinic is fully equipped with all the latest equipment s and facilities. Figure 47 : Location of Myra Veterinary Hospital Figure 48 : Myra Pet Clinic

Page55 4.5.3 Floor Plan: 4.5.4 Public and Private Sector of Hospital: Figure 49 : Floor Plan Figure 50 : Public Private Sector of Hospital 1. ENTRYFOYER 2. WAITING AREA 3. PHARMACY 4. GROMMING CONSULTANT 5. DOCTOR‘S CABIN 6. EXAMINATION AREA 7. X RAY AND OPERATIONAL ROOM 8. UTILITY AREA 9. KENNELS 10. STAFF AREA 11. GROOMING AREA

Page56 4.6 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VETERINARY HOSPITAL: Table 2 : Comparative Analysis of Veterinary Hospital Table 3 : Comparative Analysis of Veterinary Hospital

Page57 4.7 BLUE CROSS OF INDIA ANIMAL SHELTER: 4.7.1 General Information:  Location: Velachery, Chennai 32.  Total Site Area: 4.2 Acres (17,000 Sq.M. Approx)  Buit Up Area : 4000 Sq.M.  No. Of Floor : Varies, Max, G+2  Parking Area : 10 Cars, 15 Bikes (Inside Campus) 20 Cars, 50 Bikes (Outside Campus)  Project Year : 1959  Working Hours : 9am To 5 Pm, Emergency 24 Hours.  Abutting Road : Bellary Service Road 13 M Wide.  Animal Rescued: 50,461  Animal Birth Control: 8886 (2017 2018)  Out Patients Per Day: 100 150 4.7.2 About Animal Shelter:  Blue cross of India is an animal welfare based charity that provides shelter and treatment for several domestic animals both large and small.  It is the largest animal‘s shelter in India housing over 1500 animals.  Blue cross is known for initiating the animal‘s birth control (abc) program in Chennai as an effort to prevent the killing of stray dogs. Figure 51 : Location of Blue Cross of India Animal Shelter Figure 52 : Blue Cross of India Animal Shelter

Page58 4.7.3 Animal Shelter Site Plan: Figure 53 : Site Zone Plan of Animal Shelter

Page59 Figure 55: Circulation of Human Figure 56 : Circulation of Vehicular 4.7.4 Circulation Plan: 4.7.5 Animal Shelter Images: Figure 58 : Aviary Shelter area Figure 57 : Dog Shelter Area Figure 54 : Circulation of Animal

Page60 4.8 CHARLIE‟S ANIMAL RESCUE CENTRE: 4.8.1 General Information:  Location: Yelahanka, Bengaluru 64.  Total Site Area: 1.5 Acres (6070 Sq.M. Approx.)  Buit Up Area : 1565 Sq.M.  No. Of Floor : Ground Floor Structure (G)  Parking Area : 2 Cars (Inside Campus) 08 Cars, 15 Bikes (Outside Campus)  Project Year : 2003  Working Hours : 9am To 4 Pm, Emergency 24 Hours.  Abutting Road : 6.5 M Wide.  Animal Rescued: 5880  Adopted Pets : 2880 4.8.2 About Animal Shelter:  The care shelter is also home to animals of all kinds which includes dogs, cats, guinea pigs,rabbits, pigs, ducks and calf.  These animals are permanent residents of care due to their varying needs and special conditions blindness, differently abled, paraplegic, serious aliments, aged and who require constant care, medical attention and love.  These animals will live at care for the rest of their lives. Figure 59 : Location of Charlie‟s Animal Rescue Centre Figure 60 : Images of Charlie‟s Animal Rescue Centre (CARE)

Page61 4.8.3 Animal Shelter Site Plan: 4.8.4 Animal Shelter Images: Figure 61 : Site Zoning Plan Figure 62 : Animal Shelter Images

Page62 4.8.5 Circulation Plan: Figure 64 : Circulation of Human Figure 65 : Circulation of Vehicular Figure 63 : Circulation of Animal

Page63 4.9 GREENVILLE HUMANE SOCIETY: 4.9.1 General Information:  Location: 305 Airport Road, Greenville, Sc 29607, USA.  Total Site Area: 6.0 Acres (23875 Sq.M. Approx.)  Built Up Area : 1600 Sq.M.  No. Of Floor : Ground Floor Structure (G)  Parking Area : 25 Cars (Inside Campus)  Project Year : 2017  Working Hours : 9am To 6 Pm, Emergency 24 Hours.  Abutting Road : 7.2 M Wide.  Animal Holding Capacity: 100 4.9.2 About Animal Shelter:  The Greenville Humane Society engaged our design team for the renovation of an existing 10,000 SF warehouse to house an animal adoption center and clinic.  Rebranding itself as a no kill facility and rethinking operational efficiencies, the shelter's goals for the project included accommodating approximately 100 cats and dogs in an engaging atmosphere and enhancing several revenue-generating aspects of the business to support the loss leader, animal adoption.  Our architectural team worked closely with a public relations firm and an interior designer in order to offer a holistic design approach to the multi faceted project.  Within only a few months of opening, our team was approached by an architectural studio at Clemson University with interest in these small projects as student work. Figure 66 : Location of Greenville Humane Society Figure 67 : Greenville Humane Society

Page64 4.9.3 Site LEGENDS:Plan: 1. Main Entry For Shelter. 2. Car Parking Inside Campus. 3. Car Overflow Parking. 4. Existing Wet Land 5. Large Dog Park. 6. Education Pavilion. 7. Entry To The Park 8. Greenville Humane Society 9. Dense Plantation 10. Animal Mural 4.9.4 Floor Plan: Figure 68 : Site Plan Figure 69 : Floor Plan

Page65 4.9.5 Circulation Plan: Figure 70 : Circulation of Animal Figure 71 : Circulation of Human

Figure 72 : Location of Palm Spring Animal Care Facility Figure 73 : Palm Spring Animal Care Shelter

The Palm Springs Animal Care Facility represents a unique public/private partnership between the City and Friends of the Shelter. Located on a 5.2 acre site across from the City‘s Demuth Park, the exterior design reflects Palm Springs‘ unique mid century architectural heritage. Specific program components include a public oriented, Animal Community Center ambience featuring a central indoor/outdoor kennel design with public adoption access within an inviting garden courtyard equipped with misters and fabric shade structures. The facility also includes cat community rooms, special canine ―living rooms‖ adjacent to an indoor/outdoor socialization area, secure animal control work areas, a training room for educational and evening uses, and a fully equipped clinic for in house medical procedures. project has been designed as an equivalent ―silver‖ LEED facility with a special emphasis on water conservation; where in recycled water from the adjacent sewage treatment plant is used for cleaning all animal areas and for landscape irrigation.

Page66 4.10 PALM SPRINGS ANIMAL CARE FACILITY: 4.10.1 General Information:  Location: Demuth Park, Palm Springs, California.  Total Site Area: 5.2 Acres (20235 Sq.M. Approx.)  Buit Up Area : 3185 Sq.M.  No. Of Floor : Ground Floor Structure (G)  Parking Area : 35 Cars (Inside Campus)  Project Year : 2010  Working Hours : 9am To 6 Pm, Emergency 24 Hours.  Abutting Road : 19 M Wide.  Animal Holding Capacity: 250 4.10.2 About Animal Shelter: 

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 The

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Page67 4.10.3 Site LEGENDS:Plan: 1. Main entry for site 2. Car parking inside campus. 3. Landscape area for animals 4. Pedestrian entry 5. Main entry for shelter 4.10.4 Animal Shelter Images: Figure 74 : Site Plan Figure 75 : Interior Exterior Images of Animal Shelter

Page68 4.10.5 Detailed Floor Plan: Figure 76 : Detailed Floor Plan with Zone Specification

Page69 4.11 ANIMAL WELFARE AND REHABILITATION SOCIETY: 4.11.1 General Information:  Location: Jalaria, Bypass Road, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452016.  Total Site Area: 2 Acres (8100 Sq.M. Approx)  Built Up Area : 1500 Sq.M.  No. Of Floor : Ground Floor Structure (G)  Parking Area : 5 Cars, 10 Bikes (Outside Campus)  Project Year : 2013  Working Hours : 9am To 7 Pm, Emergency 24 Hours.  Abutting Road : Hingoniya Road 07 M Wide.  Animal Rescued: 650+  Animal Holding: 400 4.11.2 About Animal Shelter:  Having taken care of over 10000 animals since 2013, love, empathy & compassion are the essence of everything we do for the animals of our shelter.  The organization is spread across 2 acres of land and has been constructed according to the space required by animals for their comfort and ease. Each animal, of the total 400 animals at the shelter, has their personal alcove which is cleaned regularly, keeping in mind the health and hygiene of the animals and the members of AWRS.  We are a profound home for animals that are hurt, homeless or abandoned and here‘s a look at all the things we take care of: daily food, examining their condition, surgeries, regular checkup, and behavior tanning  We Currently Are Housing Over 600 Animals Of Different Species. These Include Rabbits, Cows, Donkeys, Dogs, Cats And Pigeons Figure 77 : Location of Animal Welfare and Rehabilitation Society Figure 78 : Animal Welfare and Rehabilitation Society

Page70 4.11.3 Site Plan: 4.11.4 Animal Shelter Image: Figure 79 : Site Plan Figure 80 : Play Area for Dogs Figure 81 : Animal Shelter Entrance

Page71 4.11.5 Circulation Plan: Figure 84 : Circulation of Human Figure 83 : Circulation of Animal Figure 82 : Circulation of Vehicular

Page72 4.12 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANIMAL SHELTER: Table 4 : Comparative Analysis of Animal Shelter Table 5 : Comparative Analysis of Animal Shelter

Page73 5. CHAPTER : 5 SITE STUDY 5.1 SITE SELECTION CRITERIA:  Availabilty of Facility: Park, ATM, etc.  Land use : Public and Semi Public  Connectivity: To major public transits  Location: Preferably In between city; Have Close Proximity to Residential Area  Population Statistics Based on N.B.C. : Requirement of Veterinary Hospital for Pets and Animals ―1 for every 5,00,000b Population‖ 5.2 SELECTED SITES: Sites were selected according to criteria listed above: Figure 87 : Site “B”Figure 86 : Site “A” Figure 88 : Site “C” Figure 85 : Development Control plan of Indore

Page74 5.3 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SITES: 5.3.1 Site “A”  Location: Bhawrasla, Indore, Madhya Pradesh  Site Area: 32,715 Sq.M. ( 8 Acres Approx)  Abutting Road 1: 15m Wide  Abutting Road 2: 09m Wide  Proximity To Bus Stop: 4 Km (Upcoming: 2km)  Nearest Railway Station: 15 Km  Nearest Metro Station: Upcoming Metro 6km  Proximity To Similar Facility: 6 7 Km (Pet Clinic)  Airport: 14 Km 5.3.2 Site “B”  Location: Kumedi, Indore, Madhya Pradesh  Site Area: 32,000 Sq.M. (8 Acres Approx)  Abutting Road 1: 15m Wide  Abutting Road 2: 09m Wide  Proximity To Bus Stop: 5 Km (Upcoming: 5km)  Nearest Railway Station: 13 Km  Nearest Metro Station: Upcoming Metro 4km  Proximity To Similar Facility: 5km  Airport: 16km 5.3.3 Site “C”  Location: Krishi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh  Site Area: 68,770 (17 Acres)  Abutting Road 1: 18m Wide  Abutting Road 2: 9 M Wide  Proximity To Bus Stop: 3 Km  Nearest Railway Station: 5 Km  Nearest Metro Station: Upcoming Metro 3 Km  Proximity To Similar Facility: 8 Km  Airport: 35 Km 5.4 JUSTIFICATION FOR SITE SELECTION: The site chosen at Krishi Nagar, near piplihana, Indore is ideal for this project for the following reasons:  Abutting road: the width is sufficient when compared to the other site.  Accessibility: accessibility to Indore city centre as well as to the neighbouring village and districts thus enabling the facility to cater not only to one region but to several areas.  Proximity: proximity to veterinary college could serve as an educational research facility in the future and help create more awareness about animals. Figure 89 : Site „A‟ location Bhawrasla, Indore, Madhya Pradesh Figure 90 : Site „B‟ location Kumedi, Indore, Madhya Pradesh Figure 91 : Site „C‟ location Krishi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh

Page75 5.5 AREA CALCULATION AND BYE-LAWS: 1. Location: Krishi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh. 2. Site Area: 68,770 Sq.M. / 17 Acres 3. Existing Land Use: Public And Semi Public. 4. Building Typology: Medical And Shelter Facility For Animals Building 5. Function: Animal Care, Shelter, Training, And Therapy Program 6. Contents: Animal Clinic For Small And Large Animals, Animal Crematorium, Animal Rescue, And Shelter Facility, Animal Hostel/ Day Care And Training Center, Animal Related Therapy Center, Educational Center, And Aviary. 7. Height Restrictions: Up To 24 M 8. Setbacks: For Plot Width Above 18 Meter And 18 Meter Road Width, Front Setback Is 3 Meter; Rear 2 Meter And Side Setback Should Be 2.5 Meter. 9. FSI: For Plots Of Area 1000 Sqm. And Above & Fronting On Minimum 18 M. Wide Road Fsi Permissible Is 1.5 10. Built Up Permissible: 1.5*68,770 = 1.03,155 11. Parking Norms: For Residential 4 Tenements Having Carpet Area Up To 35 Sq.M. Each; For Hospital And Other Medical Facility One Car Parking Space For Every 100 Sq.Mt. Of Total Floor Area. 12. Other Operable Norms:  Every Plot Of Land Shall Have At Least 1 Tree For Every 100 Sq.M. Or Part Thereof, Of The Plot Area. All Fire Escapes Shall Be Directly Connected To The Ground.  All Materials Of Constructions In Load Bearing Elements, Stairways And Corridors, And Facades Shall Be Non Combustible. Ramps With A Slope Of Not More Than 1 In 10 May Be Substituted For And Shall Comply With All The Applicable Requirements Of Required Stairways As To Enclosure Capacity And Limiting Dimensions.  Ramps Shall Be Surfaced With Approved Non Slipping Material. 13. Ground Coverage: 50% of the total site. ( Approx. 34,385 sq.m.) Figure 92 : Final site selected for the Development of AAWAS: An animal welfare and rehabilitation society

7. THERAPY CENTRE It is a place where authentically humans and animals get an opportunity to connect. The facility includes a canine therapy room, gardening area, rabbit coop, inculcative centre, counselling sessions, and ambulation in aviary.

6.1 PROGRAMME: A unique approach towards animal welfare and rescue design has led to the following:

Page76 6. CHAPTER: 6 PROGRAMME AND AREA FORMULATION

The staff members, medical facility medicos, and other people will need an ephemeral/perpetual area to stay at which is proximate to the blocks yet has a vibe of residence to it. Thus, staff dorms can accommodate 30 40 people and doctor‘s quarters can accommodate 5 10 people.

3. RESIDENCE

4. SHELTER Shelter is more of a module like structure that can be facilely replicated to commence only a shelter facility. It is designed as a radial distribution module with sector like divisions to house different animals with self sustainable qualities.

2. ANIMAL CREMATORIUM- This block is cut off from the rest blocks but still is proximate to the hospital for shared accommodations. It has two incinerators, a space for the ceremony, and an administration area with an urn store.

6. DAY-CARE/ HOSTEL- This is a luxury facility with grooming centres and a spa for the canines and felines whose owners have left them for a few periods of time. Admits only canines and felines, as the desideratum suggested.

8. OTHER AREAS- Fortifying areas like electric room, genertator room, accommodation room, canine park, feline café, open air theatre for public involution and programs and many more.

1. CLINIC- A state of the art facility that will treat immensely minuscule animals along with a circadian emergency facility. Clinic has OPD, emergency care room, treatment centre, pharmacy, and other requisites. Clinic interiors and architecture are human animal cordials as the footfall is virtually the same.

5. TRAINING CENTRE It is a centre where canines can be admitted and put for police canine training or behavioural training. It is a facility that can accommodate 15 20 canines with indoor and outdoor run areas.

Page77 6.2 AREA FORMULATION:

Page78 Table 6 : Design Program Brief

Page79 6.3 FLOW CHART: 6.3.1 Clinical Flow Chart: 6.3.2 Animal training & therapy center flow chart: Figure 93 : Clinical Area Flow Chart Figure 94 : Animal training & therapy center flow chart

Page80 6.3.3 Hostel and day-care flow chart: 6.3.4 Animal Shelter flow chart: Figure 95 : Hostel and day care flow chart Figure 96 : Animal Shelter Flow chart

 https://www.google.com/  https://issuu.com/  https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/forecast/modelclimate/kharghar_india_8133395  https://animalsake.com/animal abuse statistics  https://www.archdaily.com/search/projects/categories/animal shelter  https://www.sheltervet.org/assets/docs/shelter

REFERENCES:

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standards oct2011 wforward.pdf

 https://www.maddiesfund.org/design for shelter animals.htm  https://www.newstatesman.com/culture/books/2016/08/what-do-animals-really-think-us  https://www.four paws.org.za/campaigns/farm animals/life expectancy/  https://www.crchealth.com/types of therapy/what is animal assisted therapy/  http://futurearchitectureplatform.org/projects/142c61c7 2029 4dd5 a895 d367ae870a83/  http://www.antsoftheprairie.com/?page_id=1589  http://old.iss.it/binary/publ/cont/ANN_1104 12.pdf  https://www.wikihow.com/Produce Electricity from Cow Dung

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