MAGDALINI PAPADAM Architect + Urbanist Portfolio | Selected works 2010 - 2017
Curriculum Vitae
MAGDALINI PAPADAM Architect + Urbanist +30 6949543773 magdalini.papadam@gmail.com Chrysostomou Smyrnis 17, Chalandri 15233, Athens, Greece https://wnvnl.academia.edu/MagdaliniPapadam Born in Athens on the 03.11.1990 | Nationality: Hellenic
LANGUAGES Greek English French Spanish German
TECHNICAL SKILLS Office Autocad 2D Photoshop Illustrator InDesign Premiere Sketchup ArcGis DepthmapX
Mother tongue Proficiency Advanced Proficiency Intermediate
My interest in urbanism and architecture focuses on understanding the systems and structures generating the inhabited space as a way to comprehend the logic behind the spatial configurations and provide the optimal conditions for further development. Inspired by Paul Virilio, I believe that every person defines the cityscape through his simplest -seemingly space unrelated decisions and actions; so it only makes sense to include people in shaping their cities of the future.
PERSONAL SKILLS
INTERESTS
ANALYTICAL RESEARCH TEAMWORK COMMUNICATION ORGANIZATION ADAPTIVITY CREATIVITY MULTI-TASKING
Travelling Research & authorship Literature Puzzles & board games Music Arts & crafts Cooking
EDUCATION
MSc degree | Delft University of Technology
2015 - 2017
BSc degree | National Technical University of Athens, School of Architecture
2008 - 2015
High-school degree | Lycée Léonin de Patissia
1996 - 2008
European Post-master in Urbanism | CUM LAUDE Graduation project on cultural heritage and sustainable urban development in Piraeus, Greece Academic exchange at Università Iuav di Venezia (6 months) Collaboration with Ciudad Universitaria Jose Antonio Echeverria (2nd semester studio & field trip) Diploma of Architect Engineer | CGPA: 8,3 /10 Erasmus exchange at ETSAV, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (6 months) Research thesis on Greek urban legislation, published in GreekArchitects.gr Diploma design project on redefining the First Cemetery of Athens as historical public space CGPA: 19,6/20 | Awarded by the Ministry of Education as one of the 300 top scoring students (2007)
WORKSHOPS
Horizontal Metropolis Venice | Università Iuav di Venezia
Oct 2014
Thessaloniki in the extremes | Urban Transcripts
Sep 2016
Venice is not an archipelago
International Urban Design Master Class | Urban edge: Doubling the waterfront
EXPERIENCE
m - agiostratitis | Architecture + Design
Dec 2018 - Apr 2019
Internship
Continental Palace Kos
May - Oct 2018
CitySightseeing Athens & Piraeus
May- Oct 2013
Bartender and service at the main bar of the four star hotel, hosting c.500 people Customer service and front office ticket sale for the official Hop on Hop off Buses
Sales Promotion Center Indoor/outdoor promotion for Nespresso
Sep 2010 - 2011
Costa Coffee Barista, Korai square and Syntagma branches Trainee barista on the two most central chain stores
NGOs & other activities
Confronting Informality Symposium 2016 | TU Deflt, March 17, 2016
Sep - Dec 2009
2015 - 2016
Member of the Organizing Committee | Contacting and coordinating guest speakers
Business plans for an online platform to facilitate navigation through planning legislation Periodical authorship | News websites anexartiti.gr and hashmag.gr
since 2014 2013 – 2014
Opinion articles on various subjects, e.g. architecture, urbanism, taxation and urban theory
Special Olympics, Athens 2011 | Volunteer in the Spectator Services department
Human resources management, direct contact and communication with foreign teams and other organization bodies, direction and guidance of spectators and teams
Monody and choir studies at the “National Conservatory of Manolis Kalomoiris”, Athens
Jun 2011
2008 – 2010
CO NTENTS
01
Heritage of the Ordinary: an Alternative View Strategies for using cultural heritage as a driver for sustainable urban [re]development in Piraeus [ Piraeus periphery, Greece] 2017. Post-master graduation project
02
The spaces of a changing society [Oderzo, Italy] 2016 _ Post-master studio work
03
Metropooling the Zuidvleugel 2040 From a loose network of attractive places to a connected fractal Metropolitan Region [South wing of Holland, the Netherlands] 2015 _ Post-master studio work
04
The First Cemetery of Athens From 1834 until today [Athens, Greece] 2015 _ Bachelor graduation project
05
Doubling the waterfront [Thessaloniki, Greece] 2014 _ Workshop
06
Vernacular architecture Analysis and topographical survey of the traditional settlement of Vรกtheia [Vรกtheia, Peloponnese, Greece] 2010
07
Public Library & Cultural centre [Ano Kipseli, Athens, Greece] 2011 - 2012
08
Old building, New uses Remodeling an abandoned industrial building into a multi-purpose community space [Metaxourgeio, Athens, Greece] 2011
01
Heritage of the Ordinary -- an Alternative View -Strategies for using cultural heritage as a driver for sustainable urban [re]development in Piraeus
MSc Thesis | Individual work | Feb - Sep 2017 | Site location: Piraeus, Greece Supervisors Ir. Gerdy Verschuure-Stuip (G.A.Verschuure-Stuip@tudelft.nl) Prof. Vincent Nadin (v.nadin@tudelft.nl) Prof. Paola Pellegrini (paola.pellegrini@gmail.com) 0
DESIGN
5ΚΜ2
STRATEGY & PLANNING
50ΚΜ2
Piraeus, a city of unexplored cultural potentials This thesis explored urban strategies for harnessing diverse types of cultural heritage of the ordinary urban environment in order to achieve sustainable urban development. The aim of this research and design project was to highlight the latent potential of cultural heritage as a driver of urban redevelopments focused on sustainability. The findings led to the elaboration of a strategy for the periphery of Piraeus comprising guiding principles, design solutions at the local scale and governance arrangements. The final structural and design proposals included: i) the recommendation of an alternative definition of cultural heritage and a two-level system of official designation of cultural heritage elements; ii) a set of guiding principles for sustainable urban development at the metropolitan scale; iii) a design solution for Apollon neighbourhood, which acted as a showcase of the principles’ applicability; iv) the development of a national inventory and the implementation of pilot projects, as counteraction to the governance challenges.
URBANIZATION AND CULTURAL HERITAGE
the Parliament
Phaleron bay
Acropolis
Pireaus
In the spatial transformation processes of the urban environment, how can the cultural heritage of the built environment be maintained and harnessed towards sustainable development?
Perama shipyards
Eleonas
Mountain Egaleo
Panoramic view of Athens’ basin from Lycabettus hill in 1894 and nowadays (2013). Within one hundred years, the urban transformation has erased certain landmarks but also created new ones. Unfortunately, cultural heritage of the ordinary urban environment remains unrecognised, while the fast urban transformations lead to unsustainable urban developments with fragmented identities. Sources: K. Baedeker, Greece, Handbook for Travellers, Second Revised Edition, Leipzig 1894. [Online] Available from http://www. athenssocialatlas.gr/ https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lykabettus https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File:Attica_06-13_Athens_40_View_from_ Lycabettus.jpg
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK i| Cultural heritage
ii| Sustainable urban development
Definition | Main components
Tangible
Intangible
Digital
Buildings Structures
Practices Customs
Cities & areas Landscapes
Memories Expressions
Artefacts
Crafts & Skills
Digitalized
Existing approaches: the 3 Es of sustainability & the 4-layer approach
PHYSICAL
ECONOMIC Produced digitally
Graphic by author, based on JPI Cultural Heritage and Global Change (2014) Strategic Research Agenda.
Keep it intact and accessible! Decay of built environment Preservation and conservation
Keep it prosperous! Urban voids due to economic recession
SOCIAL The challenge of demographics Social bonds & conflicts Social conflicts & Gentrification Poor liveability & social services
SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL Keep it safe! Ecology and survival Environmental pollution, climate deterioration, energy footprint, availability, quality and management of natural resources
CULTURAL Safeguarding the cultural heritage of a place and its society Can the embedded culture of a place survive through it? How? Spatial expression of cultural heritage: structure, morphology, material, concept, narrative
Legalistic distinction
Official
“Processes of heritage identification, management and conservation that are embedded in legislation and government.” (RODNEY 2010:240)
Unofficial
Personal reflection and proposal of a five-layer approach
“There are hidden, neglected aspects of history which relate to the long tradition of interactions between cultural groups that lie buried in the memories and mementoes of ordinary communities.” (RODNEY 2010:242)
Source: Graphic by author, based on RODNEY (2010)
Content of sustainability layers based on the methodological tool of Sustainability Circles (Paul James 2015).
Both official and unofficial cultural heritage comprise elements of the ordinary urban environment. The distinction was used as a tool to explore and define their physical (spatial) expression in a comprehensive way.
The additional sphere of ‘physical sustainability’ was introduced to the four-layer approach, to emphasize the spatial dimension and potential of cultural heritage for sustainable urban development.
The Cultural Scape of Piraeus Official cultural heritage of Piraeus periphery
Apollon neighbourhood
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1km
Official cultural heritage of Piraeus periphery Source: Design by the author based on (1) the official database http://listedmonuments.culture.gr/search_declarations.php (2) declaration document of Ministry of Environment at Governmental Gazette 420D/15.05.1987
Peripheral units Municipalities of Piraeus periphery Historical city center of Piraeus (declared by the Ministry of Environment) Agios Dionusios district, announced to be redeveloped Mountain Egaleo (declared by the Ministry of Culture) Environmental park of Schisto Habitat/Species management area (Natura 2000) Archaeological sites War memorials Churches Industrial complexes Structures of “historical importance” Buildings of “architectural value” (declared by the Ministry of Culture) Buildings of “architectural value” (declared by the Ministry of Environment)
Most of the elements are located within the area designated as historical city centre of Piraeus and most of the (declared) buildings date back to a handful of very specific historical periods (c.1830s - 1930s). Is the cultural heritage of other periods or architectural movements being excluded?
The Cultural Scape of Piraeus Unfficial cultural heritage of Piraeus periphery i| As a result of planning and building regulations The multi-functionality of the urban space - Any land use that is not [considered] disturbing can be combined with the residential. Thus, housing is mixed with a wide range of uses (leisure, commerce, services, light industry etc) in the standard multi-storey buildings.
The multi-ownership system and the right to develop the land - Immovable property as a life investment. - Tremendous amount of stakeholders - Any land property belongs to its owner along with the development rights.
Morphological characteristics - akalyptos - small-sized plots - public VS semi-private VS private - built VS unbuilt space: area, volume, skyline
The system of antiparohi. Source: Olga Balaoura (2015)
ii| As a result of historical development
Prehistoric times
5th century b.C.
Byzantine times
1890
1922
1950 - 1975
'Ordinary' buildings and areas derive historical value from their role throughout urban transformations.
1975 - today
Larger spatial relationships qualify as cultural heritage elements, e.g. the historical dipole Athens - Piraeus.
OFFICIAL & UNOFFICIAL CULTURAL HERITAGE _ WHAT COULD IT LOOK LIKE?
0
Remaining refugee settlements Buildings, areas and complexes of historical significance (indicative) Characteristic street patterns The avenues of Pireos and Kifissos Apollon neighborhood (Design area)
2km
Elements of cultural heritage of the ordinary urban environment which draw their significance from the historical evolution of the area. This map is only indicative to help the reader visualize the concept and some elements of unofficial cultural heritage; it does not represent a full listing.
A new definition of cultural heritage The cultural heritage of the ordinary urban environment comprises all tangible and intangible elements that significantly have influenced or influence ordinary life and, therefore, become an integral characteristic of the urban space and urban life. These elements pertain to the daily culture of ordinary citizens, rather than exceptional figures of national history such as royal families. They draw their significance from the fact that they are embedded in the urban space, which suggests their historical continuity and their role in the evolution of urban space.
CHALLENGES OF SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN PIRAEUS PERIPHERY Combined analysis of physical, environmental and cultural sustainability
Routes followed by bikers or runners, mapped in Strava Global Heatmap based on GIS data. The colour intensity signifies the frequency of use (from low to high respectively) Detachment from the natural landscape | The roadways as barriers Water pollution Main sources and Dispersion of atmospheric contamination Cloud of fine dust Flooding risk area (overflow area of the river, exposed to flooding due to heavy urbanization and limited space for excess water) Fragmentation of public green Historical city centre of Piraeus (as designated by the state) The rest of the ordinary urban environment; potential carrier of cultural heritage elements
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2km
StrATEGY | GUIDING principles Slow mobility infrastructure Develop a slow mobility network by consolidating the (physical) connections between metropolitan centralities.
Existing centralities New centralities Metropolitan connections
Municipality connections Local connections Impact & spillover of the centralities
Multi-scale green networks Reintroduce urban green in two scales; i) use of larger areas, such as industrial brownfields, as urban parks; ii) focus on incremental interventions and their inter-connection; using the dispersed voids as green canvas.
Existing public green New public green
Metropolitan network Municipality (primary local) network
Integrate culture in everyday life Reuse of the most representative cultural heritage elements as small-scale, local based, thematic centres referring directly to their own special character.
Existing cultural facilities Official & unofficial cultural heritage of the ordinary Representative elements to be reused (white)
500m and 1km radius Metropolitan connections Municipality connections
STRATEGY | DESIGN SOLUTIONS AT THE NEIGHBOURHOOD SCALE Agios Ioannis Rentis & Apollon neighbourhood as case study
Metropolitan Primary residential Railway
Pedestrian Public bus stop
Good
Buildings' condition & area's accessibility
Bad
Public park or square Private green Brownfield River Kifissos (covered by elevated highway) Trees
Existing green & blue
Cultural heritage, as defined after its historical and morphological analysis Industrial heritage declared by the state (official) Cultural heritage due to historical evolution Refugee houses (remaining) & the internal courtyard Buildings of architectural & historical significance River Kifissos (covered by the elevated highway) Cultural heritage due to building regulation: The structure of the block Akalyptos Transitional space between the property & building line
Private Semi-public/semi-private
Limited space for social interaction
15 distinct land uses & functions Summary map Combined sustainability features and spaces of potential intervention Cultural heritage buildings that are unused. They are converted into spaces of sociocultural purposes. Structures in bad condition and vacant. They offer high potential to release space to nature and to the public. Structures in bad or medium condition and non residential. They offer higher potential to relocate. Private areas with the potential to become public Asphalt layer (hard pavement) with residential character
The challenges of sustainability at the local scale are similar to the general issues of the periphery of Piraeus, but the site specificities indicate the spaces of potential intervention. In order to determine these places, specific attributes were highlighted and combined: (i) the unused cultural heritage elements (official and unofficial) as potential centralities; (ii) the residential character as an opportunity to introduce slow mobility; (iii) the vacant and misused spaces as spatial resource that can be redefined as public, at least partially; (iv) the characteristics of the urban space as the spine of coherent public space.
TRANSFORMATIONS Applying the principles in 7steps | Intervention plan and Visualizations
1| Slow mobility; pedestrianization & strict parking policy 2| Urban park; the industrial brownfield as a metropoltian centrality 3| Green pockets; empty or abandoned plots inter-connected 4| Reuse of the [abandoned] refugee houses (unofficial cultural heritage) 5| Full reuse of the SANITAS industrial complex (official cultural heritage) 6| Relocate certain uses and release abundant built space 7| The walk; establish a continuous route
Intervention proposal for the Apollon neighbourhood Buildings reused for cultural purposes Buildings reused to densify functions from surrounding buildings Demolished buildings and space released to nature Sidewalk Pedestrian streets Potential routes (indicatively) Section line (corresponds to before & after visuals at the next page) View point for visualization (next page)
Vegetation instead of hard pavement in the unbuilt spaces
Pedestrianisation of residential street network
Abandoned refugee houses from the 1930s as exhibition spaces to form a cultural/educational route with focus on a certain historical event. Local cultural associations take care of the maintenance and operation.
BEFORE Unused building - former administration offices
Brownfield
Warehouses, wholesale providers, light industry and manufacture
AFTER Urban park as a new centrality
- major public space and link between the neighborhoods - re-connect to nature and re-introduce water into the city
Urban green as a filter & structuring element of the sidewalk
Relocation of uses - densification & release of space to nature
Vegetation instead of hard pavement
- neighbourhood public space/leisure space
STRATEGY | GOVERNANCE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE 3 Governance challenges and 2 recommended arrangements 1| Unclear jurisdictional fields of the responsible institutions Two ministries in charge without a common approach 2| Overly complicated legal framework Fragmented, contradictory, obsolete 3| Centralization of power and limited social participation Limited interaction of the stakeholders in decision-making. Weak communication between citizens & decision-makers.
Ministry of Culture & Sports
A| A Common inventory of the country's entire cultural heritage A comprehensive approach of defining and protecting cultural heritage. B| Pilot projects Engage various stakeholders and provide feedback for the governance model
Ministry of Environment
Moving from a system of segregation and unilateral decisions towards a system of collaboration.
Main groups of stakeholders to be involved in the decision-making process. Possible benefits/incentives indicated in red.
02
THE SPACES OF A CHANGING SOCIETY MSc, 3d Semester | Group work with Sylvie Yunshih Chen Sep 2016 - Jan 2017 | Site location: Oderzo, Veneto area, Italy Supervisor Paola Viganò (paola.vigano@studiopaolavigano.eu) 0
DESIGN
10ΚΜ2
PLANNING
50ΚΜ2
Oderzo, città archeologica; Where the traces of time are evident in the social and spatial systems. Oderzo is a middle size Italian town in the region of Veneto, 30km northeast of Treviso and 66km from Venice. Its location has been of strategic significance for commercial trading, agricultural production and cultural development. The project addressed the demographic changes and their influence to urban transformations. The final objective was to explore the adaptability of space to the crucial, accelerating and inevitable social changes, and then project possible future transformations of energy, housing, and public space networks. The methodology included demographic analysis, interviews and scenario construction.
THE CHANGING SOCIETY, THE CHANGING WORLD Understanding the demographic fracture
Aging society
Low fertility rates
Rising average age
Immigration as an asset
Increased needs for social care and appropriate spaces
Lack of population renewal
High pressure for young people to support the elder
- Increasing demand for housing and jobs - Social conflicts
An immense change of the social structures in terms of proportions as well as relationships, rather than numbers. The research and design concentrated in spatial reconfigurations that would foster three social groups undergoing vast alterations: the aging population, in need for high(er) living standards for a prolonged period; the teenagers who gradually turn away from the countryside life; and the new population resulting from migration.
Forecast of senior population (65+ years old) in Europe Graphic by authors based on data from: ec.europa.eu/social/
Oderzo
Treviso
Italy average
19.2%
19.5%
18.5%
22.1%
21.1%
22.0%
0-19 years old
20-64 years old
65+ years old
Demographic structure of age groups in Oderzo, Treviso, and Italy Graphic by authors based on data from: tuttitalia.it and istat.it
THE POROSITY OF URBAN SPACE What shall happen if the voids keep growing within the cities?
Will the city become too hollow and lose its potential to sustain a more sustainable and resilient lifestyle?
In the city scape, porosity refers to the capability of urban spaces to accommodate diverse uses or users, changes of actors or necessities, as well as transformation of systems. Any urban space may have porosity of material (intrinsic) and/or porosity of fracture (extrinsic). The porosity of urban space was explored in two categories: the 'places where we live' and the 'places where we meet'.
ODERZO | A MORE POROUS CITY Empty dwellings in Oderzo, in 2001 and 2011. The city has become significantly more porous in the past 10 years. Each red dot represents an empty dwelling, which could be three different things; (1) vacant, (2) underused or (3) second housing. 2001
1
Vacant building, possibly abandoned
2
Vacant apartment or underused part of a house
3
Dwellings that belong to residents not officially registered in Oderzo 2011
Source: maps edited by authors based on data from ISTAT.
POROSITY IN PLACES WHERE WE LIVE Porosity of material
embedded ability to absorb diversity Multi- family housing
Dwellings with shared entrance and a part of common spaces in both horizontal and vertical configuration.
small family
Porosity of fracture
ability to adapt and enhance diversity family shrinking new use of space
large family single resident core family couple
rent-out energy-sharing urban agriculture storage ...
Commerce and services in the ground floor, housing on top.
family expanding
large family
diverse types of households
(as above)
single resident
Dwellings with individual (separate) entrance, which leads directly into the house; designed for one family, considered as one household.
integration of commercial activities and household structure changes
family expanding (as above)
family shrinking new use of space rent-out energy-sharing urban agriculture storage ...
(1) individual structures in horizontal configuration
(2) individual dwellings in vertical configuration
family shrinking new use of space rent-out energy-sharing urban agriculture storage ...
couple
diverse types of commercial activities
Single-family housing
re-fabrication of interior spaces adapt to changes of household structures
diverse types of households
Mixed-use housing
family expanding
adapt to changes of household structures
limited diversity of households types limited diversity of households types
family expanding adapt to changes by expanding spaces for living
(3) with secondary structures, often productive
(4) individual structure house with garden
Vacant buildings
Unused or underused spaces
Non-residential dwellings:
(1) public buildings, sport (2) educational and commercial facilities (3) industry and warehouses
flexibility of space size changes
family shrinking new use of space
rent-out energy-sharing urban agriculture storage ...
Residential housing types Regarding the spaces where we (people) live, the porosity of material refers to the embedded ability of the housing buildings to contain diverse household compositions. The porosity of fracture, on the other hand, refers to the spaces' ability to adapt to or influence the changing patterns of the household structure in relation to the use of spaces -as observed through the statistics of the significant changes on the household types.
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1
2km
Railway River Multi-family dwellings Mixed-use dwellings Single-family dwellings Vacant/ abandoned dwellings
Porosity potential of public spaces The various open spaces or public functions throughout the city assessed based on their adaptability to the changing social structures.
0
1km
Porosity potential High
Low
TRENDS SCENARIO What if the trends of social changes continue? Heavy costs on welfare and health care Degradation of the building stock and public space (unaffordability, inaccessibility and physical deterioration)
Ex Caserma Zanusso area Hospital Senior housing
Additional senior housing & healthcare facilities required
Train station
Underused spaces // Rising housing prices, thus unaffordability Parking spaces & Unavailable green Extensive urbanization New-build and gated services, sport and cultural facilities Pollution of the river
Counteracting SCENARIO What if we lessen the social and spatial pressure brought by the demographic trends? Retrofitting of the housing stock; progressive densification of the compact tissues Development of new voids to be occupied by alternative uses to cover diverse interests
Ex Caserma Zanusso area Hospital Senior housing
Integration of empty voids into collective space network Release empty voids to nature Incentivize the new use of spaces Hybrid spaces, accessible to all Greenery Pedestrianized spaces Activities to attract young population More performative public transport stops Reuse of buildings into mix-used housing and sports or culture functions
Train station
IMAGINE IF ...
Indoor skating park
PLaza between sport facilities & cultural buildings
Open air cinema
Cultural multi-space
Plaza between resid
Activities & attraction elements Housing buildings with potential voids Voids in existing buildings [conceptual assumption] Sport facilities Cultural functions Mixed uses residential buildings Pedestrian access Flows & movements Parking space Parking space transformed into community space Greenery and vegetation Existing and introduced public space Energy labs and hubs Extensive agricultural lands transformed into experimental fields for green energy 0
100m
EX CASERMA ZANUSSO | THE HYBRID SPORT, CULTURE & LIVING SPACE The transformation of the former military area into a new centrality was part of a broader vision to create a hybrid space where several functions that would usually be separated could coexist. The configuration of the barracks itself was an opportunity to reuse some buildings and develop a multi-purpose urban park. The goal was to facilitate the emergence of new uses and functions that could not find their way through the current state of the urbanized tissue, yet foster the interaction of various social groups in a “normal setting�. The process of redevelopment itself should be one of social inclusion and participation of the local society.
dential buildings
Mixed use residential buildings
Green space for leisure and other daily activities
Paint-ball arena
03
METROPOOLING THE ZUIDVLEUGEL 2040 From a loose network of attractive places to a connected fractal Metropolitan Region
MSc, 1st Semester | Group work with EMU colleagues (15 persons) Sep 2015 - Jan 2016 | Site location: Zuidvleugel, South Holland, the Netherlands Supervisors Dr. Roberto Rocco (R.C.Rocco@tudelft.nl) Ir. Daan Zandbelt (D.D.Zandbelt@tudelft.nl) 0
DESIGN
10ΚΜ2
PLANNING
800ΚΜ2
STRATEGY
3000ΚΜ2
Zuidvleugel, a vastly changing metropolitan area This project focused on investigating urban theories and practices that could strengthen the Zuidvleugel (south wing) and highlight its influence in local and global context. The South Randstad is a poly-nuclei metropolitan area of about 4 million people and one of the country's most productive and socially diversified regions. The main objective was to provide conditions for a resilient territorial development, able to withstand socioeconomic and environmental changes in the context of the next economy. The research and design process put forward three major challenges: i) understanding and interpreting the concept of the next economy; ii) assessing and depicting the region’s strengths, opportunities, threats and challenges; and iii) identifying priority sectors for strategic interventions in order to achieve the group’ s proposed vision.
POLICY MAKING & ENVIRONMENT SPECIFIC STRATEGIES Theoretical strategic approach under the scopes of SUSTAINABILITY and the NEXT ECONOMY Analysis and research in three distinct types of space
URBAN
ENVIRONMENT
Improve Environments (Attract) Enhance interaction (Connect) Inclusion of large part of population
SAFE, CLIMATE RESILIENT AND GREEN-BLUE DELTA
[POST] INDUSTRIAL
UNBUILT
Upgrade productive places Transform obsolete industrial sites Integrate in the Metropolitan Region
Ecological services for the next economy Diversified landscapes Sustainable energy supply
The region was characterized by a set of different and poorly interconnected environments and segregated systems. Therefore, the suggested strategy aimed the following:
Start-ups & Hubs
Multi-scale knowledge ecosystem
Knowledge
Universities Cafes
Liveable productive port
Small scale production
- Improve the spatial conditions within a specific area or environment based on the local context (Attract) - Enhance the interactions between different areas or environments to increase their interaction and the resilience of the region as a whole (Connect)
Co-working
The policy making was based on the three core aspects of sustainability and it incorporated the five key features of the Next Economy framework, as these were identified by the group's theoretical research and analysis: i) knowledge and creativity based productiveness; ii) circular processes; iii) technology driven networks; iv) need for local integration and affinity for urban dynamics; v) potential to be shaped towards fairness, openness to participation and resilience.
Home based
LINKING NETWORKS URBANIZATION & ECONOMICS
SOCIETY IMPROVE THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT TO ATTRACT HIGHLY EDUCATED MIGRANTS
3D Printing
ECONOMY
VISION 2040 A comprehensive transformation A fractal (specialized) & integrated Metropolitan Region
City of bioscience + technology
City of justice + security + creativity
City of technology + heritage
Port city of innovation + medical science Circular production & distribution system
City of shipping tradition
Functional water-scape
Scales of integrated energy production
REGIONAL STRATEGY and SUB-STRATE
S.W.O.T. ANALYSIS: Economic aspect
Spatial strategic approach Port & Industrial regeneration Knowledge sprawl
Mobility Knowledge hub Core market Central train station Economy network Global network
Local food system Social & Economic cohesion Green buffer Multi-scale room for water Decentralised energy system
City Polycentricity connection > 50000 30000 - 50000 20000 - 30000 10000 - 20000 5000 - 10000
Green houses Companies' cluster
Agriculture Food production Petrochemical industry
Illustrations by authors based on GIS Data
STRENGTHS
Infrastructure Accessibility High-tech Knowledge hubs Global networks
WEAKNESSES Congestion Polycentricity Mobility costs Offshoring Competition
OPPORTUNITIES Waterways Economic diversity Innovation Food production Rotterdam airport Attract talent
THREATS
Decline of petrochemical industry Food [in]security Flood [in]security Poor local connections Unemployment
EGIES
0
10km
Illustrations by authors based on data sourced from CBS data 2012/2013
A SWOT analysis for each aspect designated the most pressing matters to be addressed and guided the overall strategic approach (spatial and theoretical) and the vision. The regional strategy included seven topics (sub-strategies) and it was implemented in three distinct environments: the built space, the unbuilt (landscape) and the [post]industrial. Indicatively, the analysis of the [post]industrial sites and a related pilot project are presented further below.
[POST] INDUSTRIAL MILIEUX | Heavy Port of Rotterdam
1
2
Oil related companies (refineries & tank terminals) Chemical companies Logistics Alternative Energy sites Wind Turbines
3 5
6
4 7 8
11 10 9
Existing land uses and functions at the heavy port of Rotterdam;
Rotterdam harbour is highly specialized on petrochemical processes and distribution along with heavy industry, large scale logistics and energy production. Therefore, it was approached in a rather futuristic panache, focusing on clean production and alternative energy. The strategy attempted to provide the right conditions for the port to undergo the global economic and energy transition towards a sustainable and circular production system.
17
13 12
14
15
16
1. Biomass Fired 2. BioFuel 3. Gas Terminal 4. Biomass Fired 5. Gas Fired 6. Gas Fired 7. BioFuel 8. BioGas 9. Biomass Terminal 10. Recycling (metal) 11. Recycling (waste incinerator) 12. BioFuel 13. Recycling (metal) 14. Recycling (waste process) 15. Recycling (construction materials) 16. Gas Fired & BioFuel 17. Biomass
Energizing the oil dependent harbour
1 2 3
4 3
Strategic concept of the intervention in Botlek
The Botlek area was chosen as a pilot project site due to its location, which offered elaborate pipe and transportation networks and a noticeable uses' clustering. This energy cluster combined with the infrastructure and expertise of leading petrochemical companies provided great potentials for a large-scale innovation hub.
5
1. Energy production site 2. Energy distribution station 3. Main entrance & Info center 4. Thematic exhibitions | Open-air museum 5. Panorama tower 6. Research & Development park
The Energy Park - Proposed pilot project in Botlek, Rotterdam
The proposed intervention was an innovative Energy Park as an experimental paradigm of alternative energy production. The main objectives were to promote and communicate to the public the issue of energy transition and the occurring activities in the heavy port area, as well as to attract investments and facilitate sustainable initiatives.
04
THE FIRST CEMETERY OF ATHENS From 1834 until today
BSc Thesis (Diploma Design project) | Individual work Apr 2014 - Jul 2015 | Site location: Athens, Greece Supervisor Associate Prof. M. Kafritsa (mkafritsa@arch.ntua.gr) 0
DESIGN
2000Μ2
PLANNING
0.2ΚΜ2
A place of silent history This research and design project explored the ways that the First Cemetery of Athens has been incorporated in the modern urban tissue and its role in urban life throughout time. The chosen site is a vital public green space within the dense city centre and a historical testimony of paramount significance for the evolution of the Greek bourgeoisie and bourgeois art and culture. It comprises an Orthodox, a Protestant and an Israelite section; several Catholic burials may be found amongst the Orthodox section. Unfortunately, the ignorance and negligence of the people and the state have led to its decay and disconnection from the urban fabric as well as to the destruction of numerous art works. Therefore, the final objective was twofold; on the one side, to facilitate the cemetery’s function in correspondence to the modern needs. On the other side, to reintroduce the historically established role of burial grounds as places of memory and reflection.
1
2
3 4 5 9
10 6
7
1. Administration offices 2. Entrance building complex 3. Auxiliary uses 4. Ag. Theodoroi Church 5. Vaults 6. St. Lazarus Church 7. St. Carolus Catholic Church 8, 9, 10. Auxiliary uses Bus stop
8
Tram line
Land uses related to funerary services
0
200m
Users' flows
Path dependency Vs. a unique opportunity
Clergy
Administration employees
A| Existing situation
Technicians & Artisans
The Memorial
B| Proposal 0
200m
Indicative master plan: basic land uses and functions Ceremony Temporary burials
Extended time burials Individual vaults
Exhibition space Auxiliary uses Administration
The Mourners
The Visitors
The main intervention focused on rearranging the functions both through the overall area of the cemetery and within the buildings of the central entrance. The final objectives were to i) facilitate the everyday function of the cemetery at all levels and for all the users; ii) make it a multifunctional area approachable to the citizens; iii) contribute to an open-minded redefinition of the cemetery as a communal space with pivotal role in the experience of bereavement.
The single floor modernistic building of the cemetery's entrance was modified to accommodate a permanent exhibition of funerary and sepulchral art as well as all the functions related to the funerary customs (preparation, administration) and the overall process of mourning (such as offices and session rooms for clerics and psychologists).
Three art works of major symbolism were installed as a reference to the subject of life, death and eternity. A| The Dormition of the Virgin, by Doménikos Theotokópoulos (El Greco), 1565–1566 B| Ascension of Jesus, by Andrei Rublev, 1408 C| Sepulchral Composition, by Yannis Moralis, 1958
BASEMENT
GROUND FLOOR
INTERMEDIATE FLOOR
0
Section A Section T
Section B
20m
Section C
05
DOUBLING THE WATERFRONT Thessaloníki in the Extremes
8 Days Workshop - Urban design Master Class | Group work (6 persons) Oct 2014 | Site location: Thessaloníki, Greece Supervisors Carlo Pisano (pisano.carlo@gmail.com) Elina Tsiota (tsiolina@hotmail.com) 0
DESIGN
120Μ2
PLANNING
4ΚΜ2
A new meaning of radicality Thessaloníki is the second-largest Greek city and the economical, administrative and cultural centre of north Greece. Historically, it had always been a major residential core which never lost its significance as an urban centre. Its significance throughout Greek history is reflected in its often being cited as the “co-capital”. Considering global changes as a trigger to re-invent the ‘cityness’ of the city, the project questioned the perception and the use of public space. What if the edge becomes the centre? What if no car exists in the city? What if the waterfront is the landmark of the city; not the finishing line but the place for everyone to be and to act? And in an extreme way, what if it is the only answer and solution to the city’s problems?
The site analysis indicated two major issues: the ubiquitous presence of cars throughout the city’s open public spaces and the lack of alternative activities, despite the opportunities offered by multiplicity of urban characters that tend to reflect on the waterfront.
Radical was interpreted as what changes our everyday experience and life, in the short and long term. Therefore, in order for the waterfront to become a part of the city instead of its linear border, two tactics were proposed: a new barrier for the car combined with diversity of uses along the waterfront.
No Car in the City
4 seasides into 1
A| Introduce a bus line since day one Use the woonerf system in between Empty warehouses as parking space
A| Recognize each sector’s dominant character
B| Replace the bus with tram Add transversal bus routes Allow no cars on the waterfront C| Keep the entire area car-free Expand the tram line
B| Initially address the different qualities of each site-neighbourhood C| Interconnect the different areas that reach Thessaloniki’s coast east to west.
0
1
2km
Towards an integrating synergy By reading the city itself, our team proceeded to a gesture consisting of a series of incremental interventions Network of industrial warehouses Pedestrian routes Network of green corridors Plantation framing vertical arteries Potential green passages Proposed tram line Open spaces Proposed pedestrian area Semi-private communal open spaces Promenade Proposed water square Proposed parking areas
1. Elimination of the car 2. Activation of the waterfront 3. Revaluation of the urban assets of each area: warehouses, akalyptos (unbuilt space within each urban block), pilotis, suburban green space 4. Elongation of the continuum of the waterfront formation in order to include the industrial zone (west) and Kalamaria (east) 5. Formation of a network with vertical passages to link the fragmented public spaces to the large promenade throughout the urban tissue 6. Provide accessibility to the waterfront for people living farther
1| West Seaside Greener open parking spaces
Algae farming industrial pollution exploitation
Abandoned warehouses converted into parking space
2| Central Seaside Partial pedestrianization of Tsimiski str
Extension of Aristotelous squ. & a path over the water Open up the city block; the akalyptos as an accessible courtyard
3| East Seaside
Megalou Alexandrou Av. as a pedestrian Rambla
Pilotis as a common room for each building block
4| Kalamaria Seaside
Small semi-private communal parks for the neighborhood and public open spaces
Use of special devices to accumulate sand, thus gradually forming the beach
06
Vernacular architecture Analysis and topographical survey of the traditional settlement of Vátheia.
BSc, 5th Semester | Group work (8 persons) Sep 2010 - Feb 2011 | Site location: peninsula of Máni, Peloponnese, Greece Supervisors Assistant Prof. E. Alexandrou (ealexandrou@arch.ntua.gr) Assistant Prof. S. Giftopoulos (sgyftopoulos@arch.ntua.gr) 0
BUILDINGS
85Μ2
VILLAGE AREA
0.02ΚΜ2 ANALYSIS & SURVEY
Understanding the past and discovering its memories The project’s objective was to investigate the growth of a traditional settlement through time in order to comprehend its structure and form. The methodology comprised the historical and spatial analysis of the village and the survey of a series of representative buildings. The village of Vátheia exemplified the region’s traditional settlements. Situated on a hill of South Máni, it had been primarily inhabited by pirates and warriors in the 16th century and its population reached c. 80-100 families quite shortly. Likewise all villages of Máni region, Vátheia maintained an autonomous selfgoverning patriarchal system and a vendetta-based lifestyle where a family’s combative readiness was the defining factor of social hierarchy. The settlement’s declination began in the early 20th century as a result of the nationwide socio-economic changes. In 1975, the Greek National Tourism Organisation (EOT) introduced a program of restoration and development. The program offered a short period of recovery, but it ultimately failed due to the locals’ indifference. Although currently abandoned, Vátheia remains a traditional settlement of great architectural and historical significance.
Spatial formation based on family bonds
before 1840 1841 - 1870 1871 - 1899 1900 - 1920 modern
CIRCULATION
KNOWN DATING
good condition bad condition
inaccessible buildings
STRUCTURAL CONDITION
KNOWN CISTERNS
housing oil press church defensive tower
Housing Guest houses Preservable Church Cafe/restaurant Oil press Administrative
ORIGINAL USES (preceding intervention)
PROPOSED USES (by EOT)
0
50m
the core
|single tower-house|
nucleus arrangement |tower-house(s) and surrounding buildings|
a generation
|neighbourhood|
the family district the settlement
NEIGHBORHOODS & DISTRICTS
CURRENT USES
The settlement displayed a medieval town structure, outlined by consecutive clusters of stone buildings, oriented towards the inner courtyards. It was deducted that this configuration resulted from the successive installation of four families. Each occupied its own land; the districts expanded through continuous inhabitation in a way that ensured security and defence. The strict, family centred organization justified the absence of collective spaces such as the central square, the market or the church. On the contrary, each district included its own communal facilities.
SOUTHWEST FACADE (INTERNAL)
NORTHEAST FACADE (INTERNAL)
FLOOR PLAN
0
5m
Two-storey tower-house of 1915 This cluster was property of the Michalakianí family and its most important feature was the inner courtyard, which had a dual role: it was the family’s common area and a transitional semi-public space in parallel.
SOUTHWEST FACADE
SOUTHEAST FACADE
The complex had been renovated by EOT and thus it was mildly, yet noticeably, altered. The ground floor was accessed from the street level and through the courtyard, while the upper floor was accessed through the staircase at the southwest side. The traditional fireplace had been preserved; the inclined roof however was a modern addition by EOT.
NORTH FACADE
WEST FACADE
0
5m
SECTION A
SECTION B
The old oil press This cluster of the neighbourhood of Karampatiániko comprised the central tower, two simple buildings as side additions and the mill space. The ground floor’s direct access to the street and the large scale of construction elements suggested its use as an oil press.
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
A tunnel of approximately 13m extended along the eastern side of the tower, where the ground’s height difference conceals it. The tunnel was probably used as a storage space and a safe-house, without eliminating the possibility of a hidden passage. The tower’s upper floors were obviously used for housing.
Family tower with three adjacent outbuildings This cluster was acknowledged as a representative example of evolutionary complexes in the settlement of VĂĄtheia because it incorporated a series of characteristic features in its structure and morphology: 1| A central four-storey tower, surrounded by numerous yet simple side buildings. SOUTHWEST FACADE
The tower rose up to 12m and it was partially damaged in the upper part, thus permitting us to assume the presence of a second floor apart from the basement, the ground floor and the first level.
2.| Every building was single-room and all outbuildings were accessible from the street level. Contrariwise, the access to the tower was thoroughly protected.
SOUTHEAST FACADE
The tower's ground floor could be accessed only through the first side-building #1. A stone pile on the east side of the second side-building #2 led to the roof and then to the entrance of the tower’s first floor. The higher level could only be reached internally, through the traditional vertical openings to the dome ceiling inside the tower. Therefore, in case of enemy attack, the family would be secure within the tower, while the stone pile would be demolished, thus cutting the way to the interior.
3| The natural slope was used to form an extra semi-underground level. Although there was no apparent access to the basement, its existence was revealed at the northwest side. SECTION A
4. All morphological and structural features were limited to the absolutely necessary. The openings (doors and windows) were small to permit defence from the inside and hinder the intruders or attackers. A few niches in the masonry were used for storage and some rudimentary wooden furniture was found.
5. The masonry outlined clearly the evolution of the complex and it depicted nothing less than consistency and introversion.
0
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
5m
07
PUBLIC LIBRARY & CULTURAL CENTER BSc, 8th semester | Group work (3 persons) Sep 2011 - Jul 2012 | Site location: Ano Kipseli, Athens, Greece Supervisors Associate Prof. M. Kafritsa (mkafritsa@arch.ntua.gr) Assistant Prof. P. Vasilatos (pvasilatos@arch.ntua.gr) 0
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
1400Μ2
0
2m
SECTION A
BASEMENT
LEVEL 1
LEVEL 2
LEVEL 3
GROUND FLOOR m 0
5
20m
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More than just bookshelves The project's aim was to offer a cultural alternative for the area of Ano Kipseli, a densely built neighbourhood of Athens. The functions were separated in two interconnected buildings in order to enable privacy and silence in at least one department at any time. Along with the book and journal collections, the main building hosted extensive study halls, bookbinding and conservation laboratories, a kids' department, all the necessary administrational uses, outdoor spaces and a cafeteria with bookshop/gift shop. The second building included session rooms for speech therapy, occupational therapy and similar activities, as well as an 100 people amphitheatre.
3D Illustration by group member Eleftheria Konstantinidou
GROUND FLOOR
MEZZANINE Entrance & Reception Cafe - Bar Restaurant Painting workshop & Wall Theater & Dress rooms Multi-purpose space | Foyer Auxiliary & Moving spaces
TOP FLOOR
LONG SIDE ELEVATION
SECTION A
0
10m
08
OLD BUILDING, NEW USES Remodeling an abandoned industrial building into a multipurpose community centre
BSc, 6th semester | Group work (2 persons) Mar 2011 - Jul 2011 | Site location: Metaxourgeio, Athens, Greece Supervisors Emeritus Prof. Charalampidou-Divani S. (scharalambides@arch.ntua.gr) Assistant Prof. Terzoglou N.I. (niterzoglou@arch.ntua.gr) 0
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
450Μ2
Polymorphism of a building; literal or conceptual? The reuse proposal had a threefold objective; to attract diverse social groups, to stimulate interest for the degrading area of Metaxourgeio and to provide a platform of expression for the multicultural and multiethnic character of Athens city centre. Therefore, we created a series of flexible spaces - literal polymorphism which can be configured according to the varying needs of a weekly or monthly program. At the same time, all spaces can operate through the whole day and by different stakeholders, thus hosting a wide range of activities - conceptual polymorphism.
MAGDALINI PAPADAM Architect + Urbanist | Portfolio 2018