Ilmnews jan edition 2017

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Theresa May’s New Year Message Celebrating

7 Years of

Ilm News

In her first new year message as prime minister, Mrs May called for unity following June's "divisive" vote, ahead of negotiations on the UK's exit from the EU. She said: "If 2016 was the year you voted for that change, this is the year we start to make it happen."

Theresa May has evoked the memory of Jo Cox in her New Year message, signing off the year by reminding Britons they have “far more in common than that which divides us”. The Prime Minister pledged to make 2017 the year of unity and opportunity as she urged people to put the divisive referendum behind them, and said all Britons were united in wanting a safe, secure and fairer country.

“These ambitions unite us, so that we are no longer the 52% who voted Leave and the 48% who voted Remain, but one great union of people and nations with a proud history and a bright future,” the Prime Minister said.

Mrs May’s New Year Message was similar to her Christmas message just days earlier, when she called on the country to come back together after the EU referendum. However, the Prime Minister is likely to face a torrid start to 2017 over Brexit.

In January, the Supreme Court will decide whether No 10 have to lay down new legislation to trigger formal exit negotiations, which in turn could set the scene for a big parliamentary battle over her Brexit plans.

“When I sit around the negotiating table in Europe this year, it will be with that in mind - the knowledge that I am there to get the right deal - not just for those who voted to Leave - but for every single person in this country” Prime Minister Theresa May.

Wishing All Our Readers a Prosperous New Year End of Year Property Report Page 8

ILM Poem CUT PIECE Page 22-23

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Sheffield ‘Healthy’ Life Expectancy Drops

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Healthy life expectancy represents how many years it is expected for people to live in good health. Figures from the new Public Health Report reveals that healthy life expectancy remains a concern for Sheffield.

With a mounting population of more than 560,000 people currently residing in Sheffield, life expectancy continues to grow and now stands at nearly 79 years for men and over 80 years for the women in the city.

Whilst there is an increase of life expectancy in Sheffield, the city still faces the challenge of reaching a higher than average in ‘healthy’ life expectancy.

Sheffield is currently ranked as the third largest city in the country and according to this year’s Public Health Report; the city is expected to see an increase in population by around 1% over the

Council Targets Rogue Sheffield Landlords Sheffield Council has promised to carry on targeting rogue landlords after bringing its highest-ever number of successful prosecutions. Seven individuals and companies were sentenced for various housing offences by the city’s courts in November.

Leading the charge against rogue landlords at Sheffield Council is service manager for private housing Michelle Houston. She said it was important to engage with tenants to make sure they were aware of how the law applied to their landlords.

The council deals with about 2,000 complaints in the private housing sector each year. Roughly 10 per cent of those result in a formal investigation or enforcement action, because most landlords comply with what the council asks them to do.

Learner Drivers To Use Motorways Under New Plans Learner drivers will be allowed to drive on motorways for the first time, under plans revealed by the Government.

The proposed changes will see competent learner drivers able to have lessons on motorways with an approved driving instructor in a dual-controlled car.

There will also be changes to rules on new motorcycle riders, who will now do a theory test as part of their Compulsory Basic Training (CBT) course.

Provisional motorcyclists will also be banned in future if they receive six penalty points.

Transport minister Andrew Jones said: "We have some of the safest roads in the world and we want

to make them even safer. "These changes will equip learners with a wider range of experience and greater skill set which will improve safety levels on our roads."

The casualty statistics tell us that motorways are Britains safest roads, but they can feel anything but safe to a newly qualified driver heading down the slip road for the first time to join a fast moving, often heavy, flow of traffic. Many drivers feel intimidated by the motorway environment that they choose instead to use statistically more dangerous roads.

The changes could come into force in 2018.

Pay-As-You-Feel Supermarket Opens In Sheffield The team behind Sheffield’s Real Junk Food Project have opened the UK’s second Pay-AsYou-Feel supermarket on Christmas Eve. Located on Carlisle Street, Pitsmoor, The Sharehouse Market is open for twelve days offering the Pay-As-You-Feel service using surplus food other supermarkets have thrown away.

The first shop using this model was opened in Leeds earlier this year. The idea is based on individuals paying with time, money or skills in exchange for any volume of food. Customers can volunteer, make a financial contribution or apply a skill, all to sustain the project.

British supermarkets throw away at least 115,000 tonnes of perfectly good food every year - and this new 'food waste' supermarket is working with stores to put this food to good use.

After Leeds and Sheffield, there are now plans to open others in every major city - with Bradford next on the list.

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next 5 to 10 years.

The recent study shows that men in Sheffield are expected to have the last 18 years of their life spent in poor health, while women are more likely to spend even longer at 22 years.

The report highlights that around 900 deaths in the city each year could have been prevented, which is considerably higher than for England. Smoking, alcohol consumption, high blood pressure, obesity and lack of physical activity are among the direct causes of preventable deaths in Sheffield. But, the main causes of deaths in Sheffield are attributed to Cancer, heart attacks and strokes.

Sheffield City Council and the NHS Sheffield Clinical Commissioning Group have teamed up to develop a five-year ‘Shaping Sheffield Plan’, in an attempt to improve health and social care in the city.

Only a small number of cases end up in court – about 10 a year since 2014. But in November this year the council successfully prosecuted seven individuals and companies.

Among the offences were failing to licence properties, breaching regulations for houses of multiple occupancy (HMOs) and unlawful evictions. Several landlords were deemed ‘not fit and proper’, and will not be granted a licence by the council as a result.

The private rented sector had doubled to about 35,000 properties over the last decade – about the same as the number of council houses.

The council’s key message for tenants is to get in touch if something is wrong.

Almost All ‘Fake’ Apple Chargers Are Dangerous And Could Cause Electric Shocks Consumers are being warned off buying bargain iPhone chargers online, after 99 percent failed a basic safety test. Out of 400 counterfeit Apple chargers purchased from online suppliers around the world, 397 failed a basic safety test, according to safety campaigners.

Knock-off cables can be bought for as little as one pence on auction sites such as eBay, but Apple's official leads retail at £19.

Common problems with fakes included counterfeit plugs, non-sleeved plugs where the metal pins are exposed, live parts, two pin plugs attached and only basic insulation.

They could also cause users electric shocks.

The Chartered Trading Standards Institute issued the warning during National Consumer Week, urging shoppers to check goods' safety and authenticity before they buy.

A second operation targeted local charity shops, antique dealers and second-hand shops and found 15 percent of 3,019 used electrical goods were non-compliant, rising to 27 percent in London.

"Only buy second-hand electrical goods that have been tested and only buy online electrical goods from trusted suppliers," Chartered Trading Standards Institute Chief Executive said.

It might cost a few pounds more but counterfeit and second-hand goods are an unknown entity that could cost you your home or even your life, or the life of a loved-one. Extra guidance issued includes not over-charging electricals and disconnecting them once they are charged, not covering devices while plugged-in, and

not using damaged or frayed cables.

Criminals across the globe are using online platforms to lure buyers in with cheap deals for fake items, many of which are dangerous and have been known to overheat and cause house fires.

National Trading Standards teams work closely with partners - including search engines, social media platforms and producers - to remove dangerous electrical items from supply chains. Teams help prevent dangerous goods from entering the country, undertake enforcement work to remove criminal social media profiles and seize hordes of dangerous items destined for households across the country.

Sadly, the work is just skimming the surface and they urge consumers to be vigilant when buying electrical products online: be wary of deals that look too good to be true and search for reviews of the seller before making your purchase.

Counterfeit electrical goods are likely to be poor quality and in the worst cases unsafe.

Look out for tell-tale signs of counterfeiting such as mistakes in brand names or logos, and check plugs for safety marks - all genuine electrical items made in the EU should have a CE mark on them.

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Voter ID In Trials Voters will have to show proof of identity in a government pilot scheme to reduce electoral fraud.

Some councils in England, including Birmingham and Bradford, will trial the scheme at local elections in 2018.

Constitution minister Chris Skidmore said the pilot would "ensure the integrity of our electoral system". But former London mayor Ken Livingstone said it was a "political" move and would make life more difficult for most people because of a handful of crimes.

A full list of the participating councils has not been released, but the government wants to use the pilot scheme to see if it should be rolled out across the whole country.

Different councils will trial different types of photo ID, including driving licences, passports or utility bills to prove addresses, although the

creation of a new form of ID specifically for voting has been ruled out by ministers.

Northern Ireland already requires voters to show ID before casting their ballot.

The pilot would test which form of ID worked best, bringing the UK in line with some other countries.

As well as the trials, election officials and police will be given new powers to tackle intimidation of voters by activists, who will also be banned from collecting postal votes for submission - a practice known as "harvesting".

And the government has said it is also considering plans to check the nationality of voters to stop fraudulent registrations.

There will also be reforms to improve the security of the postal ballot system, such as requiring postal voters to re-apply every three years.

The Queen And Prince Charles Mark Her 90th Birthday Year

Police Unit Removes 250,000 Terror Items From Internet A police unit dedicated to scrubbing terrorist material from the internet says it had removed 250,000 pieces of content by Christmas.

The UK's Counter Terrorism Internet Referral Unit (CTIRU) has also said that far-right extremist material is on the rise.

The CTIRU was set up in 2010 and works with internet giants like Facebook and Twitter to take down social media posts, images and videos.

It now removes 2,000 pieces of content each week.

Counter Terrorism Command, said: "It's a really important role as part of the counter terrorism network. "We also think that it's a big dent in the amount of propaganda that extremist groups put out there."

The CTIRU's officers scour the internet looking for terrorist material but also rely on public referrals through an anonymous tip line. Examples

taken down include movies glamorising Islamic State fighters or idealising civilian life inside their self-proclaimed caliphate, or more direct messages urging would-be recruits to buy knives from hardware stores to carry out attacks.

The CTIRU has so far removed 249,091 pieces of material from the internet since 2010, working with more than 300 different companies.

This year was its busiest, with 121,151 pieces removed - more than double 2015 when 55,556 were taken down.

The unit had noticed an uptick in far-right extremist removals, with more members of the public referring that type of content, although he did not give a specific figure.

However, the vast majority is still related to jihadism and the material is sometimes implicated in real-life terror cases.

Use Of Mobiles In Exams Rises The number of pupils caught cheating in GCSE and A-level exams using their mobile phones last summer has increased, new data reveals.

A rising number of teachers have also been punished for malpractice because they wrongly gave help to teenagers during exams.

While the overall rate of malpractice has lowered slightly, by 1 percent, this is actually less than the decrease in the exam-taking population, which was 5 per cent smaller than last year’s cohort.

It accounts for only one in 10,000 of the exams taken.

In contrast, the number of pupils who snuck smart phones into their exams increased by 14 percent, from 790 to 900 incidents.

This represented 37 percent of the 2,430 penalties issued to candidates in total.

Mobile phones are a growing problem for exam invigilators, as pupils can use them to look up answers on the internet.

They can also contact friends and family to help them during exams.

Pupils taking unauthorised material into the exam room was the most common form of malpractice, making up 54 percent of cases.

The second most common was plagiarism, failure to acknowledge sources, copying from other candidates or collusion - accounting for 420 penalties, or 17 percent of the total.

Cases of inappropriate, offensive or obscene material included in exam papers or coursework were the reason for 320 penalties, accounting

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for 13 percent of cases. And disruptive behaviour in the exam room resulted in 140 penalties, accounting for 6 per cent of the overall figure.

A further 80 penalties, or 3 percent, were issued because pupils had failed to follow exam board supervision requirements, or tried to obtain, receive, exchange or pass information related to an exam.

The figures from Ofqual, the exams regulator, also showed that a number of teachers were caught breaching the rules too.

Its report said 388 penalties were issued to individual members of school or college staff, an increase of 48 percent on last year were 262 penalties were issued.

Most had given inappropriate help to pupils during exams and the most common penalty was a written warning, used in 48 percent of cases.

The second most common staff penalty was suspension from involvement with exams or assessment.

The report said, "Most penalties were issued as a result of school or college staff giving inappropriate assistance to candidates - 218 cases. This is an increase of 33 percent on summer 2015. In contrast to the rise in penalties issued to staff, penalties issued to schools and colleges themselves fell in 2016, from 288 to 169."

Ofqual said exam boards had issued penalties to schools and colleges for a number of breaches of the rules.

But overall malpractice in examinations continues to be rare.

A photograph of the Queen and the Prince of Wales has been released to mark the end of the monarch's 90th birthday year.

The previously unseen picture, taken by fashion photographer Nick Knight in May, shows the mother and son in the White Drawing Room at Windsor Castle before the final night of the Queen's celebrations at the Royal Windsor Horse Show.

Charles, wearing a black dinner jacket, appears to be smiling at the Queen - dressed in a sea green and dove grey brocade dress by Angela Kelly -

who is looking directly ahead in the photograph.

The Queen turned 90 in April and marked the milestone with a series of events - including a private black tie banquet at Windsor Castle with her friends and loved ones.

In June, she celebrated her official birthday with a service of thanksgiving and a picnic on The Mall for 10,000 revellers.

She thanked well-wishers but said, "How I will feel if people are still singing Happy Birthday to me in December remains to be seen."

Neo-Nazi Group National Action Banned A neo-Nazi group which was recently banned in the UK has been described by the Home Secretary as “racist, anti-Semitic and homophobic”.

National Action became the first group engaged in extreme right-wing activities to be proscribed under British terrorism laws. It means anyone who is a member or seeks support for the group faces arrest. Home Secretary Amber Rudd said: “I am clear that the safety and security of our families, communities and country comes first. So today I am taking action to proscribe the neoNazi group National Action. This will mean that being a member of, or inviting support for, this organisation will be a criminal offence.”

“National Action is a racist, anti-Semitic and homophobic organisation which stirs up hatred, glorifies violence and promotes a vile ideology,

and I will not stand for it. It has absolutely no place in a Britain that works for everyone.” The ban came into effect on December 16th, after an order was laid in Parliament, which saw the group outlawed under the Terrorism Act 2000.

The Home Secretary made the decision to ban National Action before the trial of Thomas Mair, who was jailed for the murder of Labour MP Jo Cox. The phrase “Death to traitors, freedom for Britain!” - which was said by Mair in court - appears alongside the listing for National Action’s website on Google.

There are 70 proscribed international organisations under the terrorism act 2000, including al qaeda and Islamic state. 14 organisations in northern Ireland were banned under previous legislation.

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The Most Expensive Street In Britain Revealed If you want to buy a house here, you're going to have to pay an astonishing £16,944,000, but the most expensive street in Wales has houses for sale for a tiny fraction of this amount Eaton Square in London's Belgravia district has been crowned the most expensive street across England and Wales - with the average home there commanding nearly £17 million.

While the wealthiest streets are clustered in central London, every region contains "million pound" streets, where homes are worth sixfigure sums typically, Lloyds Bank found.

The average home in Eaton Square is worth £16,944,000 - The equivalent of 78 average priced houses.

Built in the 19th century and arranged around private gardens, Eaton Square contains grand houses and apartments behind white stucco facades. Knightsbridge and Chelsea are handily located nearby, as is Buckingham Palace.

Located near Eaton Square, Grosvenor Crescent is the secondmost expensive street, with the average property there worth £16,918,000.

Lloyds Bank Mortgages said, "Eaton Square, and prime central locations such as Westminster and Kensington and Chelsea, have established reputations as exclusive addresses. Not only do these streets possess a rich historical legacy, but properties located there are some of the most prestigious in the world and are close to superb local amenities in Knightsbridge, Sloane Street and Chelsea, as well as the capital's business and entertainment districts."

Away from London, streets located in the Surrey towns of Weybridge and Leatherhead also appeared in the list of the 20 most expensive streets, as did locations in Poole and Oxford.

The most expensive street in the North West of England is Park Lane in Altrincham, where the average home is worth £2 million. In the South West, Panorama Road in Poole is the

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most expensive street, setting buyers back £4.6 million typically.

In East Anglia, Storeys Way is the most expensive street, with property values there standing at around £1.9 million. Wales now has two million pound streets. The most expensive street in Wales is Llys Helyg Drive in Llandudno, where properties are worth £1,064,000 typically.

St Annes Close in Swansea is the next most expensive street in Wales, with typical property values there put at £1,029,000.

Ling Lane in Leeds was found to be the most expensive street in the Yorkshire and the Humber region, with homes there worth around £1.3 million.

In the North East of England, Runnymeade Road in Newcastle is the most expensive street, with homes there worth £1.1 million typically.

Houses on Sheffield’s most expensive street, Whirlow Park Road S11, have an average value of £932,231

Just A Second!

Counting down to the New Year took a little longer than usual to see in the new year, as international time experts delayed midnight by one second.

Scientists say the "leap second" is needed to compensate for a slowdown in the Earth's rotation.

While your trusty living room clock normally goes from 23:59:59 to 00:00:00, the extra second is being added in between - and hi-tech digital clocks recording that time as 23:59:60.

Research scientists at the National Physical Laboratory, said: "Leap seconds are needed to prevent civil time drifting away from Earth time. "Although the drift is small taking around 1,000 years to accumulate a one-hour time difference - if not corrected it would eventually result in clocks showing midday before sunrise."

The International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service in Paris decides when leap seconds are needed, and they are always announced about six months in advance.

That is because the extra second can be a nightmare for communication networks, financial systems and other applications that rely on precise timing, so they need to be programmed into computers to prevent mistakes.

This is the 27th time a leap second has been introduced since 1972. Although they are normally added every two or three years, the last leap second was inserted just 18 months ago. It's also possible for seconds to be removed, but this has never happened.

The leap seconds are usually introduced in the final minute of June or December, but they can be implemented in March or September on rare occasions.

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PROPERTY CORNER

END OF YEAR PROPERTY REPORT

Mohammed Mahroof BSc (Hons) MRICS Consultant Mark Jenkinson & Son END OF YEAR PROPERTY REPORT

residential market; I believe 2017 will continue to seems to have disappeared at least in the short be a strong year with many new initiatives coming term.

One of the key changes in this sector has been It has been another incredible year in the prop- forward. the change of use to residential; this is a good and erty market there has not been a week that propbad scenario. Good in the sense it is helping the erty has not featured in the news. There has been Commercial Property residential market, bad because office space is a lot of talk and debate about the crises in the housing property market, which began after the Talking to people in this sector of the market, In- being lost. election in May 2015 when almost every party dustrial, Commercial and Retail sectors continue The sector is arguably going through a major had a statement on housing and how it should be to attract strong demand and yields continue to structural change which will continue in 2017 and tackled. It is without doubt we need new homes compress, expectations are we will see capital beyond after which we will see a changed product with Central Government pushing Local Authori- values rising across all sectors for the coming year. adapting to the new market. ties to come up with five year supply targets It is clear this sector of the property market has which are the blue print for future development. continued to perform well with a steady increase Development Land The latest solution in the housing supply debate, in demand in particular for investments although is introducing new building materials and flat the owner occupier sector is just as strong. The The Development sector in particular for residenpack homes, which are manufactured in a factory main problem in this sector of the market is the tial has definitely seen a change in 2016, there is and assembled on site. There are a number of reducing supply of good quality investment prop- a sense of activity which did not exist a few years ago, and this does not mean we are seeing more firms who are thinking about setting up opera- erties. tions in the UK to cater for this emerging market. It is clear there are opportunities for developers development but the beginnings of a renaissance.

Other sectors of the market have also seen sig- to look at developing commercial property as de- The last five or six years have been difficult for this nificant interest. As always I will run through the mand remains fairly strong, 2016 has seen the re- sector of the market with little or no demand. It is turn of developers building for owner occupation a state of affairs which cannot continue demand popular sectors of the market: and rental. It is arguably a growth sector of the for new housing needs to be accommodated along with other uses. property market.

Residential The prediction for 2017 is it will continue to be an What has happened in the meantime is landholders have worked on developing schemes through It is again this year without any contradiction a area where demand will out strip supply. the planning process in readiness for the inevitahot topic the subject of press coverage discussion ble upturn that is now showing the first signs of at social gatherings and political debate. I feel Private Rented Sector happening. it is discussed even more than the weather and Brexit. So why is there such fascination with resi- As I have mentioned in my previous articles we are The demand for land is beginning to return espedential property, the answer is demand seems to actually seeing a structural and strategic change cially in all parts of the country the North is a little be outweighing supply, I would like to caveat this in tenure choice with more people choosing to behind but will catch up as demand rises. rent rather than buy. New corporate investors are It is certainly an opportune time to invest in land by saying in the right areas.

So what is fuelling this demand the answer is not actively getting involved in this market building as 2017 is going to see more demand as it is a enough new homes are being built which is lead- homes for rent. In areas like London this is the finite commodity prices can only go one way. ing to rising prices in the market? I believe it is only choice for a lot of people, a trend which is safe to say this phenomenon is across the coun- spreading across the countries property hotspots. Agricultural Land try. If you take Sheffield as a example the demand Some recognisable developers coming into this in the South West has increased tremendously market has helped and will continue to do so in The last year has seen this area of the market with many people chasing a property as it comes improving the quality of homes that are provided bucking the trend which has seen strong demand and prices. There does not seem to be a lack of onto the market, a simple three bedroom semi and long term security for tenants. will be well over £250K with no shortage of inter- I think "Generation Rent" began after 2015 and interest especially for small holdings, grazing land est. I know this is also the case for many Towns is becoming stronger as we move into 2017 and and small farms. There is clearly a fascination with people wanting to live a simpler life which beyond. and Cities up and down the country. is driving the demand for rural small holdings.

Talking to Simon Wortley a Chartered Surveyor Every year there is a trend this is one of them. and Partner at Mark Jenkinson who has over 30 Offices In the auction room figures of £15/£20k are being years of experience he says "The residential market has shown continued growth in activity in It is a sector of the market which has seen a achieved per acre I can only predict these figures 2016 reflected in the number of survey instruc- steady increase in good quality accommodation are likely to go up. tions received " resulting in a another busy year. it is far from where it was at its peak people are It is definitely a market that is suffering a heatIt is clear 2016 has been a significant year in the looking for smaller units the days of large lettings wave.

Care Homes & Retirement Villages It is a topic which has attracted a lot of attention in the last few years and will continue to do so as we move deeper into the 21st century ,the reason is quite simple people are living longer with life expectancy rising demand for Retirement Villages/Care Homes will rise.

There are a number of corporate developers who are looking into this market and beginning to invest, it is clear that more needs to done where support from Central Government will be key.

Conclusion It has been a very interesting year for property with the market generally getting stronger. In the North the recovery is fragile whilst the South is most definitely heated. The market in all sectors seems to be getting stronger but is still sensitive to economic changes.

It has been a turbulent year with the Brexit vote in June, a lot of commentators expected a huge impact on the property market it is there but arguably the effects have not been as strong as people expected. It would be interesting to see how 2017 pans out as details around actually leaving the European Union become clearer.

There has been a clear in increase in foreign investment and I predict this will continue to be the case in 2017.

A lot of property people are talking about a strengthening of the housing rented sector as more corporate investors enter the market, this is fuelled by a lack of new homes to buy at affordable prices. It is also clear the Country needs to build more houses, which is very much on the political agenda. There are also many forecasts predicting house prices rising in the next 10 years by up to 50% but you need to take this with a pinch of salt. One issue is for sure we need to build new homes for rent and purchase.

The year 2017 is certainly going to be eventful especially with Brexit in the mix.

Earths Third Pole Is Melting Quickly When we think of the world’s polar regions, only two usually spring to mind – the North and South. However, there is a region to the south of China and the north of India that is known as the “Third Pole”.

That’s because it is the third largest area of frozen water on the planet. Although much smaller than its north and south counterparts, it is still enormous, covering 100,000 square kilometres with some 46,000 glaciers.

Scientists conducting research in the area have warned of disturbing global warming trends, and how, if they continue, they could affect the lives of 1.3 billion people.

The importance of the Third Pole What happens to ice in the polar regions is taken as clear evidence of climate change. When the ice melts, we know that the planet is warming up.

The Earth’s north and south extremities are crucial for regulating the climate, and at the same time are particularly sensitive to global warming. The Third Pole, because it is high above sea level, is also sensitive to changes in temperatures.

It also powers life for many thousands of miles. It is estimated that the water that flows from the Third Pole supports 120 million people directly through irrigation systems, and a total of 1.3 billion indirectly through river basins in China, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan. That’s nearly one fifth of the world’s

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population.

It is remote – the region encompasses the Himalaya-Hindu Kush mountain ranges and the Tibetan Plateau – but 10 of Asia’s largest rivers begin here, including the Yellow river and Yangtze river in China, the Irrawaddy river in Myanmar, the Ganges, which flows through India and Bangladesh, and the trans-boundary Mekong river.

The impact of climate change Scientists have been gathering data from this remote area for over 50 years, and recent findings are disturbing. Among them, the fact that temperatures there have increased by 1.5 degrees – more than double the global average.

Since 2005, the rate at which the Third Pole’s glaciers are melting has almost doubled. Research has also found that more than 500 small glaciers have disappeared altogether and the biggest ones are shrinking rapidly.

But global warming is not the only reason that the team found for the melting ice. Dust and pollution from car exhausts and coal burners is settling on the ice, causing it to absorb the rays of the sun, rather than reflect them away.

The most pressing issue for now is the continuity of freshwater, both in terms of quantity and quality, and in the future.

The effects will be felt much further than the area immediate-

ly surrounding the Third Pole. The continuous glacier melting will be catastrophic for the 1.3 billion people who depend on its water.

While initially more water is expected to pour into river basins, causing flooding, eventually that will dry up, resulting in drought and desertification.

In the end, only a reduction in black soot emissions, in addition to a reduction in greenhouse gases, will prevent the glaciers in this region from disappearing further.

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7th Anniversary Of Ilm News Poet: Shaheryar A. Chishty

Ilm news has climbed a mountain Seven years have gone by Touching the pinnacle of success Ilm news has flown high People read and talk about the news International politics, people’s views We love to read this paper In Germany, England and Spain It accompanies us for breakfast And exercises our brains We are captivated by the pictures Of polychromatic valleys Millions praise the beauty, as contributors sit and tally The intellect, the passion, the liaison of our team Have invested time in Ilm news and raised its self-esteem The army of our writers strengthen this papers spine it grows day by day it is a long, long line the higher source of joy is to put your head down to read For knowledge of the world will help your vision exceed

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Make Some Grandparent Time “If nothing is going well, call your grandmother," says an Italian proverb. Grandparents, probably the only people who love you more than your parents. The warmth and friendliness a grandparent gives out remain irreplaceable. Remember when your grandma made you a delicious dish or when your grandfather saved you from your dad's anger?

Grandparents have unconditionally done things for us that are priceless and no matter what, we can never payback the amount of love showered upon us. But you can surely make them feel special, express how

grateful you are for having them in your life. Here are a few things you can do to show them how much you mean to them.

Play cards/board games - this can be one way to have fun with your grandparents. Since they cannot take much physical exertion, playing cards or board game with them will lead to spending quality time together.

Go to their doctor's appointment with them - there were nights when they stayed awake for you or when they used effective home remedies to cure you. It is time to show your concern. At old age, ailments and doctor's appointments are bound to take place. Assure that you care by accompanying them when they visit the doctor next time.

Browse through old albums - the amount of joy you will see on their faces when you go through those old albums with them is another level! And they will have an interesting tale to tell for every picture clicked.

Relive your childhood memories from their spectacle.

Ask for advice - they have seen the world and accumulated plenty of wisdom. They are in a position to advise you and provide a solution to every problem of yours. They will be more than happy to help you.

Read to them - when you were a kid they read out stories for you every night. Spending a few minutes of your day to read out news or their favourite novel will only make them feel content.

Share some technology - it is role reversal time! At every stage of your life, they have guided you and taught you all the important lessons of life. In a technology-friendly world, show them how to use a mobile phone or any other gadget. It may not be a big deal for you but for them using a smart phone is actually a delight.

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Women Can Cope Better With Pain Women often fail to realise they have had a heart attack because they can cope better with the pain, researchers have suggested. Experts are increasingly concerned that many heart attacks among women are missed.

Women in Britain are 50 percent more likely than men to have a heart attack initially misdiagnosed.

The research by scientists in Norway suggests that although, in general, men can cope with more pain than women, women seem to be more able to cope with the specific pain of a heart attack.

This may mean they are more likely to suffer a 'silent' heart attack - in which a patient does not realise what has happened.

Dr Andrea Ohrn, of the University of Tromso in Norway, said, "It is unknown why some people experience heart attacks without symptoms. One possible explanation for the absence of chest pain is high pain tolerance."

The researchers studied the pain tolerance of 4,849 adults by immersing their hands in cold water at 3C for up to two minutes.

The team also used ECG scanners to see whether a patient had suffered a heart attack in the past.

They found those who could endure the pain the longest were most likely to have suffered a 'silent' heart attack in the past, for which they had never been diagnosed.

And this link between pain threshold and silent heart attack was stronger among women.

Overall, fewer women had suffered heart attacks than men - 7 percent compared with 19 percent - but a larger proportion of heart attacks were silent in women than in men - 75 percent compared with 58 percent.

Women tended to pull their hands out of the cold water quicker than men, but the researchersfound that the statistical link between silent heart attack and pain tolerance was stronger in women.

This may be because women are better able to cope with the specific pain of a heart attack.

Experts also think the symptoms of heart attacks are different among women and men, which could also explain why they are less likely to notice them.

Some 69,000 women have a heart attack in the UK every year, compared with 119,000 men. But women are more likely to die as a result of the attack.

An initial misdiagnosis can be fatal, driving up the chance of dying within a month by 70 percent.

Nearly half of the salvageable heart muscle is lost in the first hour of the attack starting. Yet only one in four attack victims get treated within this short window.

Many think a heart attack strikes suddenly, with victims clutching their chest and keeling over.

Instead, it happens gradually, with people typically complaining of nausea and an aching chest, jaw or arms.

The British Heart Foundation, said, "Silent heart attack is a major problem in the UK. It is worryingly common for patients to visit their GP having already had a heart attack but they are completely unaware of it. We know that women often don't realise they can be at risk. This makes them more likely to ignore the symptoms and delay getting help."

The Takeaway Generation Young adults have given up on home cooking and are typically eating 10 takeaways a month. And almost one in ten young adults admits to eating at least one takeaway or fast food meal every day.

Britons appear to be following a path set by the Americans where eating takeout two or three times a week is commonplace.

The British have also followed the Americans in terms of an alarming rise in obesity, particularly among children.

The trend is being driven by the rise of delivery services from the likes of Deliveroo, UberEat and Amazon.

Research by Aviva found Millenials - those aged 18-35 - are eating five times the number of takeaways as those over 55. Their takeaway of choice is a pizza while looking at the population as a whole, fish and chips comes out on top.

Parents with children under 18 also admit to eating takeaways and fast food more regularly than the average UK adult. Unsurprisingly, full time workers order more than double the number of takeaways - eight - compared to the three of

those who do not work.

Aviva's data shows half of the population – 48% are already overweight or obese.

It seems that the hunger for food which is often packed with calories, fat and salt comes despite the fact we know it is not good for us.

Aviva found that nine in 10 agree that as a nation, we need to look after our own health more to help relieve pressure on the NHS. At the same time three quarters – 77% - agree that illnesses like type 2 diabetes and heart disease, often associated with poor lifestyle choices, are putting too much pressure on the NHS. Good nutrition is a cornerstone of overall health and feelings of wellness, so these types of treats need to be regarded as just that - an occasional indulgence.

The findings appear to confirm recent predictions that spending on hot takeaway food in Britain is expected to treble by 2020.

The figure is predicted to rise from £2 billion last year to £7.6 billion.

Ethnic Minority Communities More Likely To Be Unemployed People from black and Asian Muslim communities are more likely to be unemployed and less likely to enter the professions despite doing better at school. A report commissioned by the Social Mobility Commission found that white boys from disadvantaged backgrounds perform badly throughout the education system, with the worst results at both primary and secondary level.

However, when it comes to the workplace, the report said ethnic minority groups experience higher rates of unemployment than their white counterparts.

It identified what it described as a "broken social mobility promise" for young people from Asian Muslim communities, particularly women.

While children from Pakistani and Bangladeshi backgrounds are more likely to do well at school and go to university, they are less likely to go on to find employment or get secure jobs in managerial or professional occupations.

The report also found that Pakistani and Bangladeshi women earn less than their counterparts from other ethnic minority groups.

Social Mobility Commission chairman former Labour cabinet minister Alan Milburn said the report showed Britain is still a long way from having "a level playing field of opportunity" for all, regardless of gender, ethnicity or social background.

"The British social mobility promise is that hard work will be rewarded. This research suggests that promise is being broken for too many people in our society," he said.

"It is striking that many of the groups that are doing best at school or improving their results the most are losing out when it comes to jobs and

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opportunities later in life.

"Action is needed across the education system and labour market to better understand barriers to success. Renewed action is needed by Government, educators and employers to dismantle them."

The reports calls for schools, universities and employers to provide "targeted support" for Muslim women to ensure they can progress in the workplace and achieve their career ambitions.

At the same time, it says that schools need to involve and work with parents - particularly those from the groups which are least likely to engage in their children's education, such as poor white communities and Gypsy, Roma and Traveller (GRT) groups.

It calls on universities to put in place initiatives to address the issues faced by poor white British students and worrying drop-out and low achievement rates amongst black students.

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Most Purchased Brands in the World Though soft drinks sales are generally on the decline, Coca-Cola was ranked the most popular brand by Kantar Worldpanel, a consumer research firm. Kantar Worldpanel studies how many households around the world are buying each brand and how often. In its analysis of shopper behaviour between October 2014 and October 2015, it examined 300 billion shopper decisions, encompassing 15,00 brands in 44 countries.

Here’s a ranked list of the most popular brands: 10. Dove: Owned by Unilever, Dove added 31 million households compared to the number of households it added last year.

9. Knorr: Also owned by Unilever, Knorr sells stock cubes, flavor pots and powder mixes.

8. Indomie: The Asian instant-noodle brand ranks as the number-one brand in Indonesia. It’s recently expanded to Turkey.

7. Nescafé: The Nestlé-owned coffee brand is still popular, but fell from its ranking of 6th place in the 2014 ranking.

6. PepsiCo: The soda maker’s popularity is bolstered by Egypt, one of the few parts of the world where people choose Pepsi more often than Coke.

5. Lays: Also owned by PepsiCo, Lays (Walkers

crisps in UK) added 25 million households to its reach over the year.

4. Maggi: This Nestlé-controlled company makes instant soups, sauces, stocks and noodles.

3. Lifebuoy: This soap brand added disinfecting devices to shopping cart handles in the UAE and Indonesia. It also created a warning system to remind people to wash their hands thoroughly.

2. Colgate: The toothpaste brand—already being bought by two-thirds of households worldwide—added 40 million households to its customer base this year, the largest gain of all brands in the analysis.

1. Coca-Cola: The red-bottled cola was ranked as the most popular brand of the past year. It’s built its notoriety by supplying local stores with branded refrigerators for its drinks.

The UK Government is preparing draft legislation for a tax on sugar-sweetened drinks, which is set to be introduced from April 2017. Called the ‘sugar tax’ it is hoped that increasing the price of sugary drinks will help to combat the rising levels of obesity. There will be two bands of tax one for soft drinks with more than 5g of sugar per 100ml and a higher one for drinks with more than 8g per 100ml.

Pure fruit juices, milkshakes, and yoghurt drinks will be exempt from the tax.

With rising obesity levels in the UK, there have been calls for the Government to take action. One area that has been suggested is a reduction in the consumption of sugar, and over the past few years, there has been pressure on the food and drinks industry to reduce levels of sugar, fat, and salt in their products. Many companies have already begun cutting the amount of sugar in their drinks.

However, health campaigners have felt this has not gone far enough and have been supporting a socalled ‘sugar tax’.

Other countries have already introduced a sugar tax, including Mexico and Hungary – and South Af-

rogue nations or violent transnational groups would gain access to these technologies and use them to create biological weapons of mass destruction.'

Last year, an EU report suggested that ISIS has recruited experts to wage war on the West using chemical and biological weapons of mass destruction.

It warned: 'At present, European citizens are not seriously contemplating the possibility that extremist groups might use chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear (CBRN) materials during attacks in Europe.

'Under these circumstances, the impact of such an attack, should it occur, would be even more destabilising.'

Intelligence services were also warned to screen returning Jihadi fighters for 'specialist CBRN knowledge'.

As far back as 400 BC, Hippocrates advised his students to smell their patients' breath to detect if they were ill.

Now, researchers in America have invented a system which does just that, only rather more scientifically.

A new analyser uses nano-rays to determine the precise chemical composition of a person's breath.

From that it is able to detect the "signature" of any of 17 serious diseases, from kidney cancer to Parkinson's disease.

Exhaled breath contains nitrogen, carbon dioxide and oxygen, as well as small amounts of more than 100 other chemicals, but the relative amount of each substance varies depending on a person's state of health.

Writing in the journal ACS Nano, scientists describe how they analysed the results with artificial intelligence techniques to classify and diagnose the conditions.

They found that each disease produces a unique volatile chemical breathprint, based on differing amounts of 13 components.

They also showed that the presence of one disease would not prevent the detection of others.

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rica is introducing a sugar tax next year. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has supported countries that have introduced a sugar tax and said it wants to see lower consumption of “free sugars”, which it said will lower incidences of obesity, diabetes, and tooth decay.

If the new legislation is introduced next year in the UK the Office for Budget Responsibility estimates the levy could add 18p to 24p to the price of a litre of fizzy drink if the full cost is passed on to the consumer. This amounts to an extra 6p on a regular can of Fanta and Sprite, and an extra 8p on a regular can of Coca-Cola, Pepsi, and Irn-Bru. The Government has said it expects the levy to raise £520m in the first year.

The tax will not be added to fruit juices but experts warn that these can also contain a lot of sugar and people should consume no more than 150ml per day. Similarly, yoghurt and sugary milkshakes will be exempt as it is felt that these products contain calcium which is important for teenagers and growing children and adding a tax could be counterproductive.

Scientists Develop Device To Detect 17 Different Diseases

Biological Weapons Of Mass Destruction Have The Ability To ‘Wipe Out Up To A Fifth Of The World’s Population’ Biological weapons of mass destruction with the ability to spread deadly diseases like Ebola and Zika could wipe out up to a fifth of the world's population, it has been claimed.

Ex-Nato commander James Stavridis described the prospect of advanced biological technology being used by terrorists or 'rogue nations' as 'most alarming'.

He said that it could lead to an epidemic 'not dissimilar to the Spanish influenza' a century ago.

Stavridis said: 'In that plague, by some estimates, nearly 40 percent of the world’s population was infected, with a 10 to 20 percent mortality rate.

'Extrapolated to our current global population, that would equate to more than 400 million dead.'

He continued: 'Most alarming would be that either

Government Looks To Introduce Sugar Tax

The technology allows for an inexpensive and portable breathlyser-style device, which costs as little as £24 and is able to screen for various diseases in a non-invasive way.

Lead author Professor Hossam Haick, said: "We found that just as we each have a unique fingerprint, each of the diseases we studied has an unique breath print, a 'signature' of chemical components.

"We have a device which can discriminate between them, which is elegant and affordable."

In recent years, scientists have developed experimental breath analysers, but most of these instruments focus on a single type of disease, such as cancer.

Car Clamping Numbers Rise The number of drivers whose cars have been clamped because they've failed to pay vehicle tax has doubled since the paper tax disc was axed two years ago. Figures show there are now more than 9,000 clampings a month.

Data through Freedom on Information, shows that only around 5,100 cars a month were clamped in the six months leading up to the physical tax disc being abolished in October 2014.

It is thought some drivers forget to renew because they no longer have a disc in the windscreen to remind them to do so.

If clamped, drivers can expect to pay a fee of £100 and vehicles are often taken to a pound where they face additional fees for every day before the car is recovered.

The DVLA is cracking down on drivers who

have not paid, and use a fleet of vehicles fitted with number plate recognition technology to identify road users without valid tax.

In 2014, when the tax disc was removed in favour of an online system, it was hoped the move would save the DVLA millions of pounds a year.

However, it was revealed in last month, that the Government’s income from vehicle tax dropped by £93 million following the switch.

According to information from DVLA, revenue from vehicle excise duty fell from £6.023 billion in 2014/15 to £5.930bn the year after. The RAC say several factors could help explain the fall in vehicle excise duty income, such as the increase in low carbon emission vehicles – which are cheaper to tax – and unfamiliarity with the new system.

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A Generation Of Sweet-Toothed Children Sheffield based charity The Children’s Food Trust, have published their first State of the Nation report, with sugar-related obesity presenting one of the most challenging health risks for children today. Earlier this year the Government released their long awaited obesity strategy which included a planned tax on sugary drinks and a programme to cut sugar in products popular with children. The charity’s report highlights the enormity of the task facing parents to get children eating healthily, with many saying they believe their child has too much sugar in their everyday diet.

This year’s updates from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey showed that less than one in ten 1118 year-olds get their 5-aday. The survey also revealed that: • children’s sugar intakes remain at more than double the latest government recommendation of no more than 5% of daily energy from free sugars • on average, children are failing to eat enough oily fish – whatever their age • younger children are drinking fewer sugary soft drinks However, the survey did show some encouraging signs of change, with 4-10 year olds consuming significantly less sugar compared with previous years.

Children’s favourite meal to eat at home? Pasta.

Whether you ask children themselves, or their parents, the answer is the same – with spaghetti Bolognese cited most frequently. This is encouraging, as pasta is one of the meal options most conducive to adding (or hiding) extra vegetables.

Four in ten parents say their children are eating these sorts of foods a few times a week, but one quarter said it was at least once a day.

One in five parents say that their kids have fast food and ice cream once a week.

Younger parents were more likely to say their children had these items more often, with more than one third of 18-34 year-old parents saying their children had cakes and biscuits, crisps, sweets and chocolate at least once a day. 4-7 year-olds were the most likely to be having cakes and biscuits, sweets and chocolate at least once per day, while 12-16 year olds were most likely to have a daily bag of crisps. Regionally, it was parents in the North East who were most likely to say their children had sweets and chocolate at least once per day.

Almost one in five children (22%) are drinking mainly bottled water rather than tap water at home.

Prince Charles Warns Against Religious Persecution The Prince of Wales has warned about the growing danger of religious persecution in his Thought For The Day radio broadcast.

In a pre-recorded message for the popular BBC Radio 4 feature, Charles likened the threat facing religious groups around the globe to the “dark days of the 1930s”.

He said in the broadcast: “We are now seeing the rise of many populist groups across the world that are increasingly aggressive towards those who adhere to a minority faith.

"Whichever religious path we follow, the destination is the same: to value and respect the other person" he said. “All of this has deeply disturbing echoes of the dark days of the 1930s.

“I was born in 1948, just after the end of World War Two, in which my parents’ generation had fought and died in a battle against intolerance, monstrous extremism and an inhuman attempt to exterminate the Jewish population of Europe.

“That nearly 70 years later we should still be seeing such evil persecution is, to me, beyond all belief. We owe it to those who suffered and died so horribly not to repeat the horrors of the past.”

Thought For The Day is a feature on Today, BBC Radio 4’s flagship current affairs and news programme. It has a religious theme and reflects a wide range of faiths.

In recent years, Prince Charles has met many Syrian and Iraqi Christians who have been forced to flee their homes following the rise of Islamic State, and heard the stories of Britons whose relatives in the two nations have been persecuted.

He began his broadcast by describing a recent discussion with a Jesuit priest from Syria who told the Prince that he thought it possible there would be no Christians in Iraq within five years.

Charles said in the broadcast: “The scale of religious persecution around the world is not widely

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Why Rain Is A Danger For Drivers Statistically rain causes more serious road accidents than ice or snow. Highways England looks behind these statistics and offer advice on adapting driving style in wet weather.

At the end of summer, Highways England we asked the public what it thought were the most dangerous weather conditions on the road. 76% said snow and ice was most dangerous while only 23% mentioned rain.

Yet the accident statistics tell a very different story.

Around 85% of road accidents in bad weather take place in the rain. You are 30 times more likely to be injured. And last year there were almost a hundred times the number of road deaths in the rain compared to snow and ice.

It seems that while people are prepared to modify their driving to cope with severe winter weather, too many people take rain for granted and drive as normal. The danger of driving in the

rain is very often underestimated.

That's why Highways England has launched a new road safety campaign. It is encouraging people to slow down in the rain.

While the numbers of deaths and serious injuries on the Highways England network of motorways and major A roads has declined steadily over the past decade, the number of these serious and fatal accidents in the rain has shown little change.

TIPS FOR STAYING SAFE IN THE RAIN. See and be seen In the rain it's harder for you to see other traffic and harder for them to see you, so slow down and give yourself more time to react. Make sure your wipers are effective and replace them if they're not. It's the law to use your dipped headlights – don't just rely on running lights if you have them (and remember they're only at the front anyway) Take control If tyres lose grip in the wet then cornering is going to be more difficult and remember oncoming traffic may have the same problem too. Check your tyres' tread depth at regular intervals. Beware of aquaplaning and slow down – even hitting a puddle at speed can knock you off course.

Know your stopping distances Stopping distances can be at least twice as long on a wet road surface. Slow down – whatever the weather, stopping distances are shorter at slower speeds.

Public Over-Estimates Number Of Muslims In Britain Britons greatly over-estimate the proportion of Muslims living in the country and think the number is growing at a rate far greater than it really is, a new study claims.

The Perils of Perception survey, released by Ipsos MORI, aims to highlight how wrong people are about key global and national issues and is carried out in 40 different countries.

For Great Britain, the results found respondents believed one in six civilians is Muslim when the real proportion is less than one in 20.

The poll also showed that members of the public think 22% of the UK population will be Muslim by 2020, when researchers have put the figure at closer to 6%.

However, survey subjects fared better when estimating the current total population and how

much it is likely to grow by 2050.

In international observations, 61% of respondents polled before the US presidential election result thought Hillary Clinton would win and only 16% believed Donald Trump would claim victory.

The survey’s findings suggested that the more an issue is discussed in the media, the less likely members of the public are to accurately perceive it. We are often most incorrect on factors that are widely discussed in the media, such as the proportion of our population that are Muslims and wealth inequality. People often over-estimate the things they worry about.

Countries in the West in particular appeared to have a view of their populations which was “unduly miserable and intolerant”.

Shortness Of Breath May Be A Sign Of Heart Failure

appreciated. Nor is it limited to Christians in the troubled regions of the Middle East.

“A recent report suggests that attacks are increasing on Yazidis, Jews, Ahmadis, Baha’is and many other minority faiths. And in some countries even more insidious forms of extremism have recently surfaced, which aim to eliminate all types of religious diversity.”

The Prince went on: “Whichever religious path we follow, the destination is the same – to value and respect the other person, accepting their right to live out their peaceful response to the love of God.” He also delivered Thought For The Day in May 1995 to mark the 50th anniversary of VE Day and he gave the radio broadcast again in January 2000 at the start of the new millennium.

Suffering from chronic shortness of breath?

Beware, you may be at risk of a potential heart failure or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, a study has found. Shortness of breath, which is medically known as dyspnoea, is often defined as an intense tightening in the chest, air hunger or a feeling of suffocation.

Shortness of breath is often a sign of heart or lung disease because these two organs are most closely involved in the respiratory system.

Chronic shortness of breath can also be considered as an equally important warning signal as high blood pressure, researchers say.

However, shortness of breath is an often overlooked symptom as people tend to associate it

with ageing. The fact that people do not seek medical advice for their breathlessness is often due to people associating their symptoms with the natural process of ageing.

But if you notice that you experience increased shortness of breath during exertion, you should seek medical attention.

A study showed that the faster the detection, the better prognosis. With early intervention, patients can avoid suffering and the need for hospitalisation decreases.

In the study, people with shortness of breath for six weeks or more who sought medical advice for their breathlessness were found to have underlying diseases like a potential heart failure or a hidden obstructive lung disease that was developing.

Page 14

Should Students Be Able To Grade Their Teachers?

Mr Shumile J. Chishty Should students be able to grade their teachers?

Some would say no and some would say yes, but would there be any benefit in grading teachers?

Everyone makes mistakes and it is your duty to resolve them, so grading teachers gives the teachers a chance to ameliorate their teaching skills where the students think they might be descending, from the teacher’s perspective this would be great as it firstly prevents any complaints from the parents of the students secondly this helps the students into understanding and enjoying the lessons more, which then shows a positive correlation in the students grade overall, which follows on to a stronger education system, hopefully then bringing the country into the top ranks of the educational system in the whole world. However, some say that students are not eligible to rank their educator, as some students would rank their educator on moronic opinions rather than being mature and giving more of a rational explanation, many students will abuse this privilege and use it for their own purposes, such as less homework and more usages of cellular devices. This is a disruption to the environment of those serious students, who want to do well and will divert the route of a better future. Also teachers went to college to teach and grade children , and supervisors went to col-

lege to grade and train teachers , so this does not give the right for the students to grade the teachers as firstly it is not professional grading secondly the chances are, that the grading will be immature , for example if a teacher acts too nonchalant and says to the

The Beauty Of Urdu Urdu is no doubt a beautiful language.

A language where a single root word carries powerful meaning: Ilm means knowledge; Aalim – means knowledgeable person; Taalim – means education/getting knowledge and Maloom – means to know.

Did you know the word ‘Urdu’ means ‘camp or army with its followers’ ?

Urdu is also called ‘Rekhta’ which means ‘molded ‘or ‘poured’ in persian symbolizing a rough mixture of Hindi-Urdu, Persian, Turkish and Arabic.

The first book in Urdu is known to be Sabras, written in 1635-36 by Mullah Asadullah Wajhi. It’s an allegorical mystical romance translated from the Persian Masnavi Dastur-e-Ushshaq and Husn-o-dil by Mohammad Yahya Ibn-e-Saibak, written about two centuries earlier. The copies of Sabras were handwritten as the printing press had not yet reached India at that time.

The first Urdu book printed by a printing press brought to India by the Portuguese, was Bagh-o-bahar by Mir Amman, published in 1801.

Let us familiarise ourselves with some knowledgeable terms.

students ‘do whatever you like this lesson’ this will give the students a liking to the teachers so then the students will grade that teacher really highly, conversely the teachers that are strict and try hard in teaching they will be graded lower, and this will disturb the education system making the school weaker. On the other hand, It wouldn’t be fair if majority of the students fail because of how the teacher Is teaching, so grading would be a very useful tool to see improvement within the students which makes studying easier and more enjoyable, so then the student’s capability of learning increases, not only will grading teachers make the students enhance in learning but it also gives a good representation in the city and if the school does exceedingly well then the school can be renowned in the whole country. In conclusion, the system of grading teachers can be successful if the student can be trusted and reliable on giving honest grades, if the system works then it will firstly affect the economic growth and secondly help to increase popularity for that school and maybe for that city, and as popularity grows, other schools will take on the system and it will make the whole country strong in the education system, there is no loss in taking upon this grading system, all you need is the reliability of students.

Which subject are you an expert in?

Literature Adab

Painting Musavviri

Humanities Insaani uloom

Philosophy Falsafa

Music Mausiqi

Poetry Shayari

Social sciences Samaajiyaat

Dance Raqs

Mathematics Riyazi

History Taareekh Fine arts Funoon-e-lateefa

Journalism Sahaafat

Chemistry Kimiya

Biology Hayatiyaat Psychology Nafsiyaat

Physics Tabi’iyat Law Qanoon

The Worlds Most Powerful Passports If you have citizenship in Germany, you have a great deal of travelling power - Germans can fly to 177 out of a possible 218 countries without ever showing a visa. This makes international travel cheaper and easier than it is for citizens of many other countries, like those of Afghanistan, who can only enter 25 countries without a visa.

The UK topped the 2015 rankings, alongside Germany, but ceded the top spot after several countries relaxed visa restrictions to the latter. It was also leapfrogged

The world’s most powerful passports

by Sweden and now shares third place with France, Italy, Spain and Finland.

Belgium, Denmark and the Netherlands share fourth spot with the US. Pakistan fares little better, with just 31 countries offering visa-free travel. The passport of the world’s newest nation, strife-torn South Sudan, only allows visafree access to 36 countries.

The global progress in travel freedom looks set to continue for citizens of all countries."

1.Germany, 177 countries can be visited without a visa 2.Sweden, 176 3.Finland, France, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, 175 4.Belgium, Denmark, Netherlands, United States, 174 5.Austria, Japan, Singapore, 173 6.Canada, Ireland (Republic of), Korea (Republic of, South), Luxembourg, Norway, Portugal, Switzerland, 172 7.Greece, New Zealand, 171 8.Australia, 169 9.Malta, 168 10.Hungary, Czech Republic, Iceland, 167

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The world’s least powerful passports

1.Afghanistan, 25 countries can be visited without a visa 2.Pakistan, 29 3.Iraq, 30 4.Somalia, 31 5.Syria, 32 6.Libya, 36 7.Eritrea, Ethiopia, Iran, Nepal, Palestinian Territory, Sudan, 37 8.Kosovo, South Sudan, Yemen, 38 9.Bangladesh, Congo (Democratic Republic of), Lebanon, Sri Lanka, 39 10.Burundi, Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of, North), Myanmar, 42

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The Meaning Of Fruit Stickers The chances are that most of us at one time or another have noticed those little stickers you find on pieces of fruit. Apart from the bright logos they have on them, there’s also a digital PLU code (or Price Look-Up Code). It turns out that fruit producers are not only trying to advertise themselves here, they’re also providing us with important consumer information.

So let’s understand what these numbers mean and the secrets they contain.

genetically modified as part of the growing process. Yes, that’s right. This is the GMO food that continues to cause so much controversy.

Research shows that melons, bananas, and papayas are the types of fruit that are genetically modified the most often.

A five-digit code beginning with the number 9 If you see this kind of code, it means the fruit was grown using the old farming methods of our ancestors: with their own hands and withA four-digit code beginning with the number out any chemicals. These are organic products.

3 or 4 If there are only four numbers on the sticker, If the fruit has no PLU code then it means the fruit (or vegetable) was pro- Most people try to find fruit without stickers. duced with the help of modern agronomic But this could actually be dangerous: fruit that’s techniques — including abundant amounts of imported from abroad should always be labeled in this way. If there isn’t a label, the chances are fertilizer and pesticides. it’s been removed for a specific reason — and A five-digit code beginning with the number 8 one that isn’t likely to be to your advantage as When you see this sticker, the fruit has been a consumer.

Councils Net £756m Parking Charges Research has found the surplus produced from council parking operations in England rose by 9% over the past year.

Some £756 million was generated from the on and off-street parking activities of the 353 local authorities in England during the 2015/16 financial year.

The figure was calculated by taking income from parking charges and penalty notices and then deducting running costs.

Income was up 4% and costs fell by 2% in the past year.

It represents a 9% leap on the 2014/15 surplus of £693 million, and is 34% higher than in 2011/12.

The Local Government Association (LGA), which represents councils in England and Wales, said local authorities must "strike a balance" when setting charges in a bid to ensure there were parking spaces available and traffic was not held up.

The largest totals were seen in London, with the capital's 33 local authorities accounting for 44% of the country's total.

Westminster had the largest surplus (£55.9 million) followed by Kensington and Chelsea (£34.2 million) and Camden (£25.2 million).

The biggest amounts outside of London were reported by Brighton and Hove (£20.1 million), with Nottingham in second place (£13.6 million) and Milton Keynes in third (£10.8 million).

The figure for Nottingham was significantly influenced by income of approximately £9 million from

the city's controversial workplace parking levy, through which firms are charged a fee for having more than 10 parking spaces.

It was introduced in 2012 to cut traffic and reduce pollution, but its opponents claim it is anti-business.

The generated amounts reflected the growing competition for parking spaces in many towns and cities, with the number of cars on Britain's roads rising from 21 million in 1995 to 31 million today.

The good news is that any profit generated by councils from on-street parking must by law be spent on transport-related activities, and as every motorist knows there's no shortage of work that needs doing. :: These are the 20 councils in England with the largest surpluses from parking operations, according to the RAC Foundation: 1. Westminster (£55.9 million) 2. Kensington and Chelsea (£34.2 million) 3. Camden (£25.2 million) 4. Hammersmith and Fulham (£22.7 million) 5. Wandsworth (£21.2 million) 6. Brighton and Hove (£20.1 million) 7. Islington (£15.5 million) 8. Haringey (£14.9 million) 9. Nottingham (£13.6 million) 10. Hackney (£12.9 million) 11. Milton Keynes (£10.8 million) 12. Lambeth (£9.9 million) 13. Birmingham (£9.8 million) 14. Cornwall (£9.8 million) 15. Tower Hamlets (£9.5 million) 16. Manchester (£8.9 million) 17. Brent (£8 million) 18. Bristol (£7.7 million) 19. Newham (£7.7 million) 20. Richmond upon Thames (£7.5 million)

Kareena Kapoor And Saif Ali Khan Welcome Baby Boy Popular Bollywood couple Kareena Kapoor Khan and Saif Ali Khan have been blessed with a baby boy.

The couple announced the birth of their son in a Mumbai hospital in a tweet recently.

While Taimur Ali Khan Pataudi is the first child of 36-year-old Kareena Kapoor Khan, 46-yearold Saif Ali Khan already has a son and a daughter from his former actress wife, Amrita Singh.

The couple belongs to promi-

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nent Bollywood families.

Kareena Kapoor Khan's father, Randhir Kapoor, grandfather Raj Kapoor and greatgrandfather Prithviraj Kapoor were all well-known actors, producers or directors.

Saif Ali Khan's mother, Sharmila Tagore, was a popular film actress in the 1970s and '80s.

His father, Mansur Ali Khan Pataudi, was a former Indian cricket captain.

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Saudi Arabia Adopts The Gregorian Calendar The kingdom presented its shift from the Islamic to the Gregorian calendar as a leap into modernity.

In April the dynamic deputy crown prince of Saudi Arabia, Muhammad bin Salman, chose to call his transformation plan Vision 2030, not Vision 1451 after the corresponding Islamic year as traditionalists might have preferred. Recently

shorter than the Gregorian calendar, which is widely used in the world.

A lunar calendar made sense when the moon was the simplest way of counting passing days.

But for measuring years it is a poor approximation. It loses some 11 days a year, ensuring that Islamic holy days rotate round the seasons every 32 years. The Saudi administration, hopes one official, should now be more orderly and in step with the rest of the world.

Still, Saudi Arabia is not alone in wrestling with ancient calendars. It is 1395 in Iran, 2628 in Kurdistan, and 5776 in Israel’s Knesset. Nor is it just the Middle East that is out of sync with the times. It is 2559 in Thailand, though only year 28 (of the Heisei era) in Japan.

Koh-i-Noor Diamond Has A Mysterious And Bloody Past Almost anyone who has touched the Koh-i-Noor diamond has come to a horrible end, says a British historian.

Many precious stones have a blood-soaked history, but a new book reveals the world's most famous diamond the Koh-i-Noor surpasses them all, with a litany of horrors that rivals "Game of Thrones."

The Koh-i-Noor ("Mountain of Light"), now part of the British Crown Jewels, has witnessed the birth and the fall of empires across the Indian subcontinent, and remains the subject of a bitter ownership battle between Britain and India.

"It is an unbelievably violent story... Almost everyone who owns the diamond or touches it comes to a horribly sticky end," says British historian William Dalrymple, who co-authored

his cabinet declared that the administration is adopting a solar calendar in place of the old lunar one.

The main reason for the change means Saudi government workers will be paid according to the Gregorian calendar instead of the Islamic Hijri calendar, making the working month longer as part of cost-cutting measures.

The Hijri calendar consists of 12 months of 29 or 30 days depending on the sighting of the moon, meaning the Islamic year is several days

"Kohinoor: The Story of the World's Most Infamous Diamond" with journalist Anita Anand.

"We get poisonings, bludgeonings, someone gets their head beaten with bricks, lots of torture, one person blinded by a hot needle. There is a rich

Why Lahore Is Known As Lahore Lahore, one of the most famous cities around the subcontinent, also considered to be the heart of Pakistan, is rejoiced by the locals and visited by fellow countrymen all year, for one reason or the other.

Lahore is the Capital city of Punjab Province of Pakistan. With the population of approximately 12 Million it is a lively city. The main attraction of the city is its beautiful Architecture and bustling Bazaars. The tradition of buildings is centuries old in Lahore but the Moghuls (1500AD to 1800AD) have contributed the most to it.

From the famous Lahore Resolution in 1940, which later came to be known as Pakistan Resolution, to the forever chanted ‘Jinne La’ore nahi wikhya oh Jamya hi nahi’ – the culture, the tradition, the folklore and the people, combine to make this city so special in so many ways.

But what do we know about where Lahore got its name from?

THE THEORY OF RAMA’S SON LAVA AND LAHORE History suggests that Lahore was named after the son of a Hindu God, Rama. The son’s name was Lava, who would be the one to actually find the city. Lava’s name was to be pronounced as Loh. The fort which was built for Loh (Lava), came to be known as Loh-awar, which literally meant the Fort of Loh. From there on, as centuries passed, the word Loh-awar

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turned into the subtly pronounced Lahore, just as Sevistan (In Balochistan), came to be known as Sibbi and Quetta, which was previously ShaalKot, came to be known as Kotya and then later on, Quetta.

THE THEORY OF TWO BROTHERS: LAHU AND KASU The second theory about how the city got its name suggests that the first one is a hoax, even though it is more renowned and popular among the locals.

The theory of the two brothers is that Lahu and Kasu, were migrants who had come to the lands which today is known as Lahore. One of the brothers, Kasu, went and settled in modern day Kasur (which is how it got its name), while the other brother Lahu, settled in Ichhra-La’ore, which was 3 miles away from the Walled City, a satellite town which was built and later on named Lahore.

This is often considered to be the reason that so many Hindu shrines are found within Ichhra La’ore, to name Chandrat and Bhairo ka sthain.

Both the theories of how Lahore got its name refer to tales of the subcontinent that go back centuries, thus, showing how prominent Lahore was even when it did not have its name. Be it the theory of the Hindu God or the Hindu brothers, the city, indeed, is one of the most historic cities in the world.

variety of horrors in this book," said the author.

In one particularly gruesome incident the book relates, molten lead is poured into the crown of a Persian prince to make him reveal the location of the diamond.

Today the diamond, which historians say was probably first discovered in India during the reign of the Mughal dynasty, is on public display in the Tower of London, part of the crown of the late Queen Mother.

The first record of the Koh-i-Noor dates back to around 1750, following Persian ruler Nader Shah's invasion of the Mughal capital Delhi. Shah plundered the city, taking treasures such as the mythical Peacock Throne, embellished with precious stones including the Koh-i-Noor.

The Peacock Throne was said to be the most lavish piece of furniture ever made. It cost four times the cost of the Taj Mahal and had all the better gems gathered by the Mughals from across India over generations.

The diamond itself was not particularly renowned at the time — the Mughals preferred colored stones such as rubies to clear gems. Ironically given the diplomatic headaches it has since caused, it only won fame after it was “acquired” by the British.

India has tried in vain to get the stone back since winning independence in 1947, and the subject is frequently brought up when officials from the two countries meet. Iran, Pakistan and even the Afghan Taliban have also claimed the Koh-i-Noor in the past, making it a political hot potato for the British government.

Over the course of the century that followed the Mughals' downfall, the Koh-iNoor was used variously as a paperweight by a Muslim religious scholar and affixed to a glittering armband worn by a Sikh king.

It came into British hands in the middle of the nineteenth century, when Britain gained control of the Sikh empire of Punjab, now split between Pakistan and India.

Sikh king Ranjit Singh had taken it from an Afghan ruler who had sought sanctuary in India and after he died in 1839 war broke out between the Sikhs and the British.

Singh's 10-year-old heir handed over the diamond to the British as part of the peace treaty that ended the war and the gem was subsequently displayed at the 1851 Great Exhibition in London — acquiring immediate celebrity status.

"It became, for the Victorians, a symbol of the conquest of India, just as today, for post-colonial Indians, it is a symbol of the colonial looting of India," Dalrymple says.

The Koh-i-Noor, which is said to be cursed, has not been worn by a British monarch since the death of Queen Victoria in 1901.

It last emerged from its glass case in the Tower of London for the funeral of the Queen Mother, when it was placed on her coffin. So might it be worn again?

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Maulana Rumi and Hazrat Isa (as) Dr A Q Khan

The 25th of December has just passed. Christians celebrate it as Christmas, the birth of Hazrat Isa (AS) while Pakistanis, in general, celebrate it as the birthdays of our benefactor, Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, and of our prime minister, Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif.

Hazrat Isa (AS) is an important prophet and has been mentioned 93 times in the Quran. Maulana Rumi has dealt extensively with Hazrat Isa (AS) in his Masnavi Rumi.

The significance of Hazrat Isa (AS) as a prophet and a messiah and Allah’s address to Hazrat Mar-

iam (AS) has been described in Sura Nisa, Ayat 171: “O people of the book! Commit no excesses in your religion, nor say of Allah aught but truth.

Christ Jesus, the son of Mary was no more than an apostle of Allah and His word, which He bestowed on Mary, a Spirit proceeding from Him. So believe in Allah and His apostles. Say not Trinity, desist. It will be better for you. For Allah is one Allah. Glory to him.”

In his Masnavi, Maulana Rumi has quoted references to the birth of Hazrat Isa (AS) in Surah Mariam, Ayat 16-26: “(O Muhammad) recite in the book the account of Mary, when she withdrew from her people to a place towards the east, and drew a curtain, screening herself from people, whereupon We sent to her Our spirit and he appeared to her as a well-shaped man. Mary exclaimed: ‘I surely take refuge from you with the most compassionate Lord, if you are at all Godfearing.’ He said: ‘I am just a message bearer of your Lord; I have come to grant you a most pure boy.’ Mary said: ‘How can a boy be born to me when no man has even touched me, nor have I ever been unchaste.’

“The angel said: ‘Thus shall it be. Your Lord says: ‘It is easy for Me and We shall do so in order to make him a sign (living miracle) for mankind and a mercy from Us. This has been decreed’. Then she conceived him and withdrew with him to a far off place. Then the birth pangs drove her to the trunk of a date tree and she said: ‘Oh, would that I had died before this and had been all forgotten’.

“Thereupon the angel below her cried out: ‘Grieve not, for your Lord has caused a stream of water to flow beneath you. Shake the trunk of the date tree towards yourself and fresh and ripe dates shall fall upon you. So eat and drink and cool your eyes, and if you see any person, say to him: ‘Verily, I have vowed a fast to the most compassionate Lord and so I shall not speak to any

The World’s First Solar Panel Road Has Opened In France France has opened what it claims to be the world's first solar panel road, in a Normandy village. A 1km route in the small village of Tourouvre-au-Perche covered with 2,800 sq m of electricity-generating panels, was unveiled last month.

It cost 5 million euros to construct and will be used by about 2,000 motorists a day during a two-year test period to establish if it can generate enough energy to power street lighting in the village of 3,400 residents.

In 2014, a solar-powered cycle path opened in Krommenie in the Netherlands and, despite teething problems, has generated 3,000kWh of energy - enough to power an average family home for a year. The cost of building the cycle path, however, could have paid for 520,000kWh.

one today’.”

Rumi has also described the meeting of Hazrat Gibrael with Hazrat Mariam (AS) in his own words, in which he addresses the public directly. He says, “Before you lose everything, follow Mary, discard the worldly things and say: ‘I come under the protection of Allah.’” (Masnavi III, 3700).

Later, he mentions Hazrat Mariam (AS)’s actual speech, saying that the only place to safeguard people from worldly transient attractions is the protection of Allah. Rumi goes on to say that, conceived by the spirit of God, Hazrat Isa (AS) was granted the power of giving life and healing the sick through his breath. Still in the cradle as a baby, Hazrat Isa (AS) announces: “Behold! I bring you a sign from Allah. I will make for you out of clay the likeness of a bird by Allah’s leave, a living bird by Allah’s leave. I shall heal the blind and the leper and raise the dead.” (Surah Anam, Ayat 49) The Quran clearly states that the life-giving breath of Hazrat Isa (AS) emanates from Allah. Rumi also believes in this. He says that, like Hazrat Isa (AS), the image goes into the heart and assumes a new shape of the spirit (Divan 1847).

He also discussed two important episodes regarding the Spread Table (or food from heaven) and Hazrat Isa (AS)’s donkey. In Surah Almaida, Ayat 112 – 114, the Almighty says that Hazrat Isa (AS)’s disciples asked him if Allah could send a table spread with food from heaven so that they could eat it and “satisfy their hearts”.

Hazrat Isa (AS) asked Allah, saying: “O Lord, send down to us a table spread with delicacies from heaven, that it may be a feast for us, for the first of us and the last of us, and a sign from You. Give us sustenance, for you are the Best of Sustainers.” And the Almighty sent down an abundance of delicacies. Rumi goes on to say that if you fast, wait for the benevolence from Allah for it is better than boiled cabbage.

As far as Hazrat Isa (AS)’s donkey is concerned, I

could not find any mention of the incident in the Quran. However, Rumi mentions it in his Masnavi (MII 1850-1853, 1855-1860). The moral of the story is that we should respect and pay attention to Hazrat Isa (AS) and not to his donkey.

Shaikh Saadi has mentioned Hazrat Isa (AS)’s donkey in a verse: Khare Isa agar bah Makkah rawad, Chun bah Ayad hinoz khar bashad (the donkey went to Makkah with Hazrat Isa (AS) numerous times, but each time he came back as the same donkey).

There are many episodes and events that have been widely mentioned in the Quran and Sahih al-Bukhari, but have not been touched upon by Rumi in his Masnavi.

Email: dr.a.quadeer.khan@gmail.com

Rosewater Is Good For Skin!

Rosewater is often considered one of the most amazing ingredients which you can include in your skin care routine.

It is beneficial for our skin in several ways as it helps it gives a natural and healthy glow.

Here are some tips on how rosewater can help keep your skin glowing.

Because of its anti-inflammatory properties, rosewater can help you get rid of itchy and over-heated skin.

It also helps in preventing acne as it acts as a wonderful cleansing agent and removes all the dirt from the skin pores.

Applying rosewater every day helps to clear blemishes easily from the skin.

It can be used in various home-made beauty packs to hydrate and freshen up your skin.

Using rosewater helps to hydrates, revitalises and moisturises the skin, and makes it smooth.

It also helps to revitalise aging skin and keeps fine lines and wrinkles at bay.

Rosewater is a flavoured water, made by steeping rose petals in water. It is the hydrosol portion of the distillate of rose petals, a by-product of the production of rose oil for use in perfume. It is used to flavour food, as a component in some cosmetic and medical preparations, and for religious purposes throughout Europe and Asia. Rose syrup is made from rose water, with sugar added.

The Benefits Of A Book You’ve heard before about the benefits of reading: increased needed. Books don’t make annoying noises that alarm pets or knowledge, expanded horizons, improved vocabulary, sharp- grandparents. One size fits all. No ironing or washing or mainened thinking, and enhanced empathy are a few-especially true tenance of any kind required. Books are non-perishable. And lastly, there’s a book for everyone. for children.

Giving a book shows how well you know and All of those qualities are part of what makes how much you respect the recipient. books great gifts, but here are some fundaWe know, it’s very tempting to give the hotmental reasons you should give books. . test gadget. Before long, though, it will be Books are easier to wrap than footballs lost and forgotten. When you give a book, or fruit baskets. Books don’t break. Once you are offering boundless access to other you’ve finished with a book, it’s not empty, worlds and other lives, real and imagined. in fact it’s still full! No batteries or assembly

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Weird Ice Cream Flavours From Around The World Ice cream is usually a crowd pleaser. There are the standard flavours, like vanilla and chocolate, but there are also some very bizarre experimental flavours. I mean, just about anything can be turned into ice cream.

There's crocodile egg ice cream from the Philippines, tequila ice cream from Mexico, and banana curry from a place in Chicago. There's also a London gelateria that serves haggis-flavoured ice cream and a Japanese ice cream shop that serves raw horse flesh ice cream.

Ice cream is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert. It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients

and flavours. It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes. Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilisers.

The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.

The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures. It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.

The meaning of the phrase "ice cream" varies from one country to another. Phrases such as "frozen custard", "frozen yogurt", "sorbet", "gelato" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.

Top 10 ‘Fastest Growing Cities’ Since 2007 The World Economic Forum (WEF) – has revealed the fastest growing cities of the world.

The WEF, using the United Nations (UN) population count, unveiled the top 10 fastest growing cities in the world – by comparing the population count of 2007.

Following is the list of the top 10 growing cities – with a percentage-rise in the population since 2007: 1.Ar-Rayyan, Qatar – 152.3% 2.Miluo, China – 151.8% 3.Samat Prakan, Thailand – 147.1% 4.Hosur, India – 142.1% 5.The Woodlands, USA – 138.3% 6.Choloma, Honduras – 124.1% 7.Roorkee, India – 115.4% 8.Begusarai, India –112.2% 9.Mogadishu, Somalia – 105.8% 10.Batam, Indonesia – 105.2%

Middle-Aged Women Have Better Memory Than Men Japan To Develop World’s Fastest Supercomputer By 2017 Japan is gearing up to take its technological achievements up a notch by developing world's fastest supercomputer.

Expected to be ready by 2017, the superefficient computer plan is a part of the government's policy that aims at helping Japan regain its position in the world as a technology giant at a time when the country is facing stiff competition from China and South Korea.

The supercomputer project aims at providing the manufacturers in the country with a platform that will facilitate research in the fields of robotics, driverless cars and medical diagnostics, says a report.

Japanese engineers will build a machine with a processing capacity of 130 petaflops by the end of 2017 to push Japan's ranking in the world of supercomputers to the top slot. If the project turns out to be successful, then Japan's superfast computer will outperform China's Sunway Taihu Light which is capable of 93 petaflops.

Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has called for companies, bureaucrats and the political class to work more closely together so that Japan can win in robotics, batteries, renewable energy and other new and growing markets.

A supercomputer is a computer with a high-level computational capacity compared to a generalpurpose computer. Performance of a supercomputer is measured in floating-point operations per second instead of million instructions per second.

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When it comes to better memory skills, the fairer sex seems to score more than men, researchers have found.

However, the memory of women tends to fade as the oestrogen - female hormone - levels decline or as women enter the post-menopause phase.

Memory loss is a well-documented consequence of the ageing process.

In a study published online in the journal Menopause, the findings showed that as women enter the menopause transition period, they develop increased forgetfulness and "brain fog".

Further, women are also disproportionately at risk for memory impairment and dementia when compared with men.

In addition, declines in oestrogen levels in postmenopausal women were found to be specifically associated with lower rates of initial learning and retrieval of previously recalled information, while memory storage and consolidation were maintained.

Despite these conditions working against them, middle-aged women still outscore their similarly aged male counterparts on all memory measures, the researchers said. “Brain fog and complaints of memory issues should be taken seriously, as these complaints are associated with memory deficits."

Middle age is the period of age beyond young adulthood but before the onset of old age.

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11:30am Till 11pm 5

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Page Page 42 42

Happiness Depends On Health And Friends, Not Money Most human misery can be blamed on failed relationships and physical and mental illness rather than money problems and poverty, according to a landmark study by a team of researchers at the London School of Economics.

Eliminating depression and anxiety would reduce misery by 20 percent compared to just 5 percent if policymakers focused on eliminating poverty, the report found.

On average people have become no happier in the last 50 years, despite average incomes more than doubling.

The study, called Origins of Happiness, showed that measuring people’s satisfaction with their lives should be a priority for every government. The researchers analysed data from four countries including the US and Germany.

Extra spending on reducing mental illness would be self-financing, the researchers added, because it would be recovered by the government through higher employment and increased tax receipts together with a reduction in NHS costs from fewer GP visits and hospital A&E admissions.

"Tackling depression and anxiety would be four times as effective as tackling poverty. It would also pay for itself," suggests the report.

It supports the arguments put forward over several decades that social and psychological factors are more important to the wellbeing of individuals than income levels.

"Having a partner is as good for you as being

made unemployed is bad for you" The report claims that state-run organisations, including schools, must become more focused on tackling anxiety and mental health issues.

In the past, the state has successively taken on poverty, unemployment, education and physical health. But equally important now are domestic violence, alcoholism, depression and anxiety conditions, alienated youth, exam mania and much else. These should become centre stage.

The report said it was a curse on children that they were judged by society solely on their educational attainment. The report adds, "The strongest factor predicting a happy adult life is not children’s qualifications but their emotional health. There is also powerful evidence that schools have a big impact on children’s emotional health, and which school a child goes to will affect their emotional wellbeing as much as it affects their exam performance."

The health secretary, Jeremy Hunt, has pledged to increase funding for mental health services. In September he said the care offered to children and young people was the service’s biggest weakness. But the Department of Health admitted last month that the number of mental health nurses working in the NHS in England has dropped by almost a sixth since the Conservatives came to power in 2010, from 45,384 in England to 38,774 in July 2016.

Foods To Help Deal With Heartburn Heartburn can happen due to a variety of reasons. Having spicy foods, eating too fast without chewing properly, eating quickly when you're stressed out, going overboard with drinks and smoking, lack of proper sleep and not being able to digest certain foods are all culprits.

Here's what you can do to relieve heartburn: - Bananas are known to have certain qualities that help against acidity and heart burn. Make it a habit to have one daily.

- Avoid eating in a hurry. The more you chew your food, the better it will digest.

- Ensure that you eat smaller meals instead of just three large meals every-day. The large gap between meals causes gas.

- Foods like pickles, mustard, vinegar, chocolates, excessive tea or coffee, citrus fruits or juices, carbonated beverages, spicy foods are known to increase the acidity in your body. Control your consumption.

- Stay away from raw salads, which contain onions, cabbage

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or radish.

- Drink at least 10 glasses of water everyday.

- Make it a habit to have a mixture of two teaspoons of natural apple cider vinegar and the same amount of raw honey in a glass of water before your meals.

- Avoid eating just before you go to bed.

- Sleep on a high pillow with your head and shoulders resting comfortably on it.

- Suck on a small piece of jaggery/ gurr till y o u r acidity is in control.

- Having some ajwain/carrom seeds after your meals is another solution.

- Watermelons, bananas, almonds and cucumbers are known to have properties that will give you relief from heartburn.

- Include a lot of milk in your diet.

- Drink mint tea after every meal.

Bollywood In 2017 With 2016 drawn to a close let us speculate which 10 Bollywood Films could be the biggest Hits of 2017.

2016 gave us a bevy of movies to feast our eyes on.

Bollywood upped the notch to dedicate this year to some fantastic biopics and sports oriented movies.

Some of the movies were action filled masala thrillers while some just had a star studded cast! Great films like Airlift, Neerja, Udta Punjab, Pink and Dangal have proven to be the saving grace.

Bollywood movies in 2017 seem to be more promising. Being films of diverse genres: Comedy-Drama, Period Romance and Action Thrillers, there are immense expectations for Indian cinema.

Of course, Shahrukh Khan, Aamir Khan and Salman Khan also have some big films coming out in 2017.

These consist of Raees, Secret Superstar and Tiger Zinda Hai. As per customary, there will also be major releases during the festivals of Eid, Diwali and Christmas.

mother (Meher Vij) from her abusive father, with the aid of an alcoholic divorcee. Khan essays the role of a musician in the film. Once again, he is set to both entertain and educate the audience!

Save

5. Secret Superstar - 4th August Aamir Khan is set to win hearts yet again in 2017.

Zaira Wasim – who plays the young Geeta Phogat in Dangal, once again joins Khan.

The plot revolves around a teenager who saves her

Overall, 2017 is set to be jam-packed with several hit Bollywood films. Besides our best of 10, there are other films to look out for. These include Mom, Naam Shabaana, Bahubali 2, Badrinath Ki Dulhania, Kaabil, Golmaal 4 and Sarkar 3.

6. Jagga Jasoos - 7th April As suggested by the title, Jagga Jasoos, a gifted teenage detective (Ranbir Kapoor) searches for his missing father with his ladylove assistant (Katrina Kaif).

After the acclaimed Barfi, Ranbir Kapoor and Anurag Basu collaborate once again for this Disney film. The sneak-peek has been received well by many B-Town celebrities.

7. Rahnuma (‘The Ring’) - 11th August If you have missed seeing Raj and Taani from Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi, well miss them no longer. Shahrukh Khan and Anushka Sharma pair up again, this time for Imtiaz Ali’s Rahnuma.

According to reports, Rahnuma will be a mature love 1. Raees - 26th January Rahul Dholakia’s Raees stars Shahrukh Khan and Na- story between a Punjabi tour-guide, Harinder Singh wazuddin Siddiqui in lead roles. The beauty of Pa- Nehra (Shahrukh Khan) and a Gujarati girl (Anushka kistani cinema, Mahira Khan also makes her grand Sharma). Plus, with Pritam roped in as the composer, the movie will be on the “Highway” of success!

Bollywood debut.

Set in Gujarat, SRK plays the cruel and clever bootlegger, Raees Aslam, whose business is highly chal- 8. 2.0 - 18th October lenged by a tough cop, ACP Ghulam Patel (Nawa- Superstar Rajinikanth’s avatar of Chitti is extremely zuddin Siddiqui). The trailer and promos are packed loveable. Enthiran: The Robot became one of the with heavy action and full-on dialogue baazi, por- highest-grossing films of 2010.

S. Shankar is back with the spiritual successor to the traying King Khan as the traditional action hero.

2010 blockbuster, titled 2.0. There have not been many reports on the story as of yet, but the biggest 2. Jolly LLB 2 - 10th February Jolly LLB was one of the biggest sleeper hits of 2013. surprise element here is that Akshay Kumar will play The sequel stars Akshay Kumar, Huma Qureshi, and the villain “Dr Richard” in the Sci-Fi flick.

Amy Jackson will essay the heroine’s role and A. Annu Kapoor.

Similar to the first instalment, Jolly LLB 2 is also a R. Rahman yet again returns as music director for satire. It’s about an underdog advocate, Jagdishwar 2.0. The movie will be 2017’s big Diwali release and Mishra aka “Jolly” (Akshay Kumar), who aims to promises to offer twice the entertainment factor as reach the top of the legal food chain. Whilst the film Enthiran. begins as a comedy, serious issues such as terrorism 9. Padmavati - 17th November may also be tackled.

It seems like Padmavati will be Sanjay Leela Bhansali’s next magnum opus. One expects the 3. Rangoon - 24th February Vishal Bhardwaj’s last film Haider received a success- movie to be enriched with lavish sets, spellbinding ful commercial and critical reception. Haider was a costumes and exceptional performances. fairly modern adaptation of William Shakespeare’s The period-drama is depicted on the 1303 siege of Macbeth. Rangoon, however, is retro and seems to the Chittor fort in Rajasthan. Alauddin Khilji (Ranveer Singh), the Turkish ruler of Delhi led this invaencapsulate the Casablanca style.

The romantic drama film set during World War II, sion, motivated by his desire to get the beautiful follows the concept of friends turned foes, and stars queen Rani Padmini (Deepika Padukone), the wife of Rana Rawal Ratan Singh (Shahid Kapoor), the ruler Shahid Kapoor, Kangana Ranaut and Saif Ali Khan. of Mewar.

4. Hindi Medium - 31st March Similar to Mahira Khan, Pakistani actress Saba 10. Tiger Zinda Hai - 22nd December Qamar will also make her Bollywood debut in 2017. The Salman Khan and Katrina Kaif starrer, Ek Tha TiQamar will be seen opposite the excellent actor, Irr- ger went on to become the biggest profitable film fan Khan in Hindi Medium. After seeing her plausible in 2012. performance in Lahore Se Aagey, one looks forward All fans of Salman and Katrina are in for a treat as to seeing what Saba Qamar has to offer in this ro- the sequel Tiger Zinda Hai will release on Christmas 2017. mantic comedy!

The movie’s narrative focuses a middle-class couple Tiger Zinda Hai will be shot extensively in UAE and in Chandni Chowk to blend in with the elite class of Abu Dhabi. In comparison to the 2012 blockbuster, Delhi. The title itself is catchy and promises to offer the sequel will be helmed by Sultan director, Ali Abbas Zafar. several ‘lost in translation’ gags.

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ALHABIB WELFARE FOUNDATION

(Reg Charity No: 1139948) Molana M Aslam Zahid donating sawing machines during his recent visit to Bagh, Azad Kashmir...

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RAMADAN

6 APPEAL 2014

Join with us and become closer to Allah in this blessed month to increase your blessings ÂŁ250 supports an orphan and brings you closer to the Holy Prophet (pbuh) in Jannah ÂŁ600 supports a family with no income and is equivalent to increased blessings from prayers ÂŁ50 buys a sewing machine - an essential source of income for a widow or young orphan girl ÂŁ700 helps a derelict mosque prosper again and reinforces your iman for the here and after ÂŁ2000 helps finance the marriage of an orphan girl and you gain blessings for yourself and our family By making provision for Sehri and Iftar for the needy in the Holy month of Ramadan you can gain forgiveness and sawaab from those fasts and work towards a place in

Yorkshire Bank, Account Number: 19842710 Sort Code: 05 08 58 Alhabib Welfare Foundation is a UK registered international relief and development charity. It was founded by Molana Aslam Zahid who is the imam of Usmania Education Centre and the Vice Chairm an of Jamiat Ulma-e-Bri tain.

With your support Alhabib Welfare Foundation aims to help poor families, orphans, and widows across Pakistan and other countries around the world.

We ensure 100% of your donation reaches the poor. Please donate generously on the above account number or online by visiting our website...

Molana M Aslam Zahid visited local Madressa during his recent visit to Bagh, Azad Kashmir...

Alhabib Welfare Foundation is relying on your support this Ramadan to help survivors of the Pakistan floods. Donate your Zakat and Sadaqa to us this Ramadan and we will use it to help orphans, widows and those who are in need.

The prophet saw said “Whoever helps any muslim and makes them happy in the process, they have made me happy. Whosoever makes me happy has made Allah happy. And whosoever makes Allah happy, Allah will provide a place in Jannah for him�.

Come let us all help the poor, disabled, widows and orphans who desperately need our help,and gain the approval of Allah the Almighty You can give your Zakaat, Sadaqatul Fitra to help towards our ongoing support of these needy families.

We invite you to come and be a part of a good and worth cause and gain nearness to Allah and the blessed Messenger (peace be upon him).

We are offering you the opportunity to extend your good practice in the month of Ramadan by gaining sawaab for helping our fellow Muslims who need your help.

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Molana M Aslam Zahid donated computers during his recent visit to Bagh, Azad Kashmir...

Orphans Widows Tel: 01142811927, Mob: 07894540303 E-mail:enquiries@alhabibwelfarefoundation.co.uk Web: www.alhabibwelfarefoundation.co.uk

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