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faculty of social sciences Language School Subject: English pragmatic grammar Topic: Grammar magazine Students: Eva Marisol Alas Martínez. Katherine Estefany Henríquez Flores.
TABLE CONTENT
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Coverpage ………………………………………………………………… Page 2 Introduction.…………………………………………………………………Page 3 Parts of speech……………………………………………………………. Page 4-8 Sentences structure ……………………………………………………….Page 9-12 Types of clause ………………………………………………………….Page 13-15 Passive and active voice………………………………………………..Page 16-19 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………..Page 20 Anexos……………………………………………………………………Page 21-23 Bibliography ………………………………………………………………..Page 24
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INTRODUCTION
This magazine was created with the purpose to explain differents grammar topics, the content of this magazine is the explanation of four grammar topics; "Parts of speech, sentence structure, types of clause, passive and active voice" each one was explained clear to make the learning process could be easier, the explanation include examples, in the magazine you can find information about each topic, the information is very specific, so that the reader can feel comfortable and interested in reading the magazine.
Parts of speech
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In this picture we can identify each of parts of the speech, the article, the adjective, the noun, the verb, preposition, conjunction, adverb and pronoun.
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This is another sentence with some parts of speech, as we can see there are an adjective, a noun, a verb.
The picture show us the parts of speech, we can see the verb “Write� is in past
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Parts of speech
Functions
Examples words
Examples sentences
Noun is the name of a person, place, thing or They are the
London, table, dog,
-Steve lives in Sidney.
idea. Proper and
name words in
teacher, pen, city,
-Mary uses pen en pencil to
common nouns.
the sentence.
happiness, Sara.
write letters.
Pronoun is used in place of a noun or noun phrase to avoid
-Mary is tired.
repetition. Possesive,
Are
I, you, we, they, he, she, -She wants to sleep.
relative, reflexive,
substitutes for it, me, us, them, him,
I want her to dance with
indefinite pronouns.
nouns.
her, this, those
me.
Adjective describes, modifies or gives more information
they give
about a noun or
beauty to the
big, happy, green, young,
-The little girl had a pink
pronoun.
written words
fun, crazy, three
hat.
Verb shows an action or state of being. A verb shows what someone or something Verbs tell is doing. Action,
about things
speak, run, eat, play,
-I like Woodward English.
modas and linking
being done in
live, walk, have, like, are, -I study their charts
verbs.
the sentence.
is
and play their games.
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They are words that answer the questions
Adverb
when the
describes/modifies a
action is done,
verb, an adjective or
where the
another adverb. It
action is done,
tells how, where,
how the action
when, how often or to is done, and
slowly, quietly, very,
I
what extent. Many
how often the
always, never, too, well,
am usually busy. Yesterday,
adverbs end in -LY
action is
tomorrow, here
I ate my lunch quickly.
Preposition shows the relationship of a noun are used to or pronoun to another relate a noun word. They can
or pronoun to
at, on, in, from, with,
indicate time, place,
another word in near, between, about,
or relationship.
the sentence.
under
-I left my keys on the table for you.
Conjunction joins two words, ideas, phrases or clauses together in a sentence and shows
- I was hot and exhausted
how they are
are word
and, or, but, because, so, but I still finished the
connected.
joiners.
yet, unless, since, if.
marathon.
Interjection is a word or phrase that expresses a strong feeling or emotion. It
-Wow! I passed my English
is a short
that shows an
Ouch! Wow! Great! Help! test. Great!
exclamation.
emotion.
Oh! Hey! Hi!
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– Ouch! That hurt.
Structure sentence
The structure of a sentence it’s too important, because if the sentence is correct or incorrect depends of the structure, that must be correct, in the picture we can appreciate the structure of a simple sentence.
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The picture show us what is the correct way to make a compound sentence, following that structure we can make a correct compound sentences, don’t forget a compound sentences needs a conjunction.
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A complex sentence could be a little difficult, as the picture show, we need a dependent and a independent clause to make a complex sentence this two clauses have to be separate with a comma, also we need a conjunction, that could be at the beginning, in the middle or at the end.
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Types of sentence
Simple
Compound
Complex
CompoundComplex
Definition Structure The most basic type of sentence is the simple sentence, which contains only one independent clause. Has a subject as well as a predicate, and both of them subject + verb + may have modifiers. object Independent Consists of two or more clause + comma independent clauses (or or semicolon + simple sentences) joined by coordinating coordinating conjunctions conjunction Is a sentence with an independent clause and at least one dependent clause. The dependent clause is introduced by either a subordinate conjunction such as although, while, or because, or a relative pronoun such as who or which. A complex sentence is very different from a simple sentence or a compound sentence because independent it makes clear which ideas clause + comma + are most important. dependent clause
Has two independent clauses joined to one or more dependent clauses.
Example
-Burger King has the best hamburgers. -The ice melts quickly.
Austria is a beautiful country, but it has many poor people.
-Although Tom reads novels, Jack reads comics. - When he was younger, Mike had many dogs. - Many people enjoyed the movie; however, William did not.
-The manual will be helpful, and the instructions will be clear when you read them because they are well written. independent - John went to school; however, James clause + comma remained home because he had a sore or semicolon + throat. coordinating Carmelo is watching T.V, but Allen is at conjunction + practice because he did not play very dependent clause well.
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Types of clauses. All the ways in which we can communicate during the day. We probably have several conversations, send text messages and emails, read articles or even leave written messages at work or school. it is for this reason that our communication with other people in any situation depends on the writing muvho more than we think. A clause is a group of related words. There are several different types of clauses that can be used to develop sentences.
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Independent and dependent clauses An independent clause is a clause that can be independent. You can think of this as a simple sentence. There is a subject, a verb and a complete thought. For example, if I had to write: John passed the ball', I would have a complete and simple sentence.
A dependent clause contains a subject and a verb, but it does not express a complete thought . a dependent clause cannot stand alone,
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Subordinate clause
Noun clause
Relative clause
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Adverbial clause
Clause
Main clause
That clause
Subordinate clause
If/whether clause
Adverbial clause
wh clause
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Active and Passive Voice Voice refers to the form of a verb that indicates when a grammatical subject performs the action or is the receiver of the action. When a sentence is written in the active voice, the subject performs the action; in the passive voice, the subject receives the action. In academic writing, it is generally preferred to choose an active verb and pair it with a subject that names the person or thing doing or performing the action. Active verbs are stronger and usually more emphatic than forms of the verb “be” or verbs in the passive voice.
¡
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Active voice the subject performs the action denoted by the verb
passive voice. When we want to give more importance to the action and not to those who have done it, we use the passive voice.
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Was/were Verb to be Passive voice
am, are,is Past participle
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Ed/Regural verbs
Active voice Active subject Passive subject
Active verb Passive verb
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Passive voice
CONCLUSION
We have learned a lot about each topic besides its use and structure now we know the importance that each of these issues has for us as students and speakers of the English language, the most difficult thing was to understand each topic and its structure but it leaves us a new learning
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ANEXOS
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Bibliography
https://www.google.com.sv/url? sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiS0Z LQpPbXAhWBRCYKHSiRCaUQFggxMAE&url=http%3A%2F %2Fwww.grammar.cl%2Fenglish%2Fparts-ofspeech.htm&usg=AOvVaw2ITRBlhf1xL3-vFSuM505Q 24
https://www.google.com.sv/url? sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjKv_ 2htfbXAhUG0iYKHVJGCaAQFgg6MAY&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.epcc.edu %2FCollegeReadiness%2FDocuments %2FQuik_Tips.pdf&usg=AOvVaw2NPORj91UMZn8DgGTasDjt
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