Κούσουλας: ΚΚΕ και Μακεδονικό (1921-1945) by Makedonas Akritas

KEiJ>AAAION IIEMIITON

TO MAKEAONIKON ZHTHMA H I\. Y~IA 1\.100I: TOY EI\.I\.HNOI: KOMMOYNIHOY 'AltO 'Ii. ltp(i)ta XPovla tile; ~roile; toll KOl'I'aTOC;, Kavtva IiAAO 9tl'a otv ltpotKO:Ascrt /,&yaAUttpa ltPO~Atil'a<a Kai oucrxtpttte; crt ll,tt ,hpopollcrt tie; crxtcrtle; toll lC0l'I'atOe; I't tOV tA.A.llVtKO Aao, aAA.O:. Kai I'tcra cr<ie; <O:~tle; tOU aKOl'a, altO <0 AsY0/,&VO «e9V1KO 9tl'a», 0l1Aa&1i tie; e.ltil'0vte; Kpoucrtle; lCai <tiv ltpoltayo:voa tOU K0l'I'atOe; yu'l t1\ 0l11'tOupy{a ~tXroplcrtOll MaKtooVtKoil KpO:tOue;. rui. ltOAA.O: XP?via llAse; tOU 01 ltpocrmi9w:e; va £ottKttlVll t1\v ltoAInKti tOU emppo1\ ltpocrtlCpouav crt1\v altPOlCaAUlttll cruv1]Yopla t(i)v K0l'I'0UVtcrt(i)v (llttp tile; lopucrtroe; tvoe; autOv0l'0U lj Kai avt~aptiltou aKOl'a MaKtOOVtKoll KpO:tOUe; ltOU 9<i. lttPltKAslt Kai to tA.A.llVtKO tl'ill'a tile; MaKtoov(ac; Kat01Kll/,&VO altO tVO:I'tcrll crxt06v tlCat0l'I'UplO -EA.A.llvte;. Auto t6 aKav9(i)ote; 9tl'a fKa/,& yta ltPtll <popa t1\v el'<pavtcri tOU t1\v IiV01~t tOil 1921, llmv I'ia aVnltpocrrolttia toil K0l'I'atoc; I't £ottKtq>aAile; tOV rtpylO rtropYlaoll, iKavo OIKllYOPO Kai crltOUoolOttpO tOtt illtocrtllptu1\ tile; cruvO&crtroe; I't t1\v K0l'lVtepV, ltilyt crt1\ Mocria Yla va M~l1 I'tpoe; crtO Tpito ITayKocrl'1O EuvtOplO. Kata t1\v Olo:pKtta tile; ltapal'0vi!e; trov crt1\v Mocrxa 0 BacriAll KoMpro<p, ypal'I'att"s· tOtt tOil BouAyaptlCOU K0l'I'0UVlcrtIKOil KOl'I'atoc;, dXt I'ta cruvOf"Aia 1'1; tOV rtropylO:Oll, crXtT1Ka I't t1\v avayKll va illtocrtllplX9il to altll1'a tile; MaKtOOVtKi!e; autOv0l'iae; «OUt!Jl<; wcrtt va I'ltoptcrll to K.K. BouAyapiae; va Ktpoicrll T1\V illtocrttip'~l1 <rov BouAyapol'alCt06vrov ltpocr<puyrov Kai va TOUe; altOcrlto:crll altO to crTpaTOlttOO TWV avnOpacr<lKroV». t '0 rtropyui.olle; al<pvtolacrTllKt, aA.A.a KaTp9rocrt va 6.lto<pUY11 t1\v 6.VO:All1j1t cra<poile; illtoxptcrtroe;. -Omv 51'roe; elttcrTptljlt crt1\v 'EAMoa dxt ltaljltt ltA.&OV , va dva, 'l'Aoytp6c; illtocrtllptKT1\e; toil K0l'I'0uVtcrl'0u. 'AltOlCapo1rol'tvoe; 6.lt6 t1\v el'lttlpia tOU crtO Euvl;oplO 0 rtropYlaolle; illtlXvtXPllcrt crTie; ltPOllI. ruiVVT) nST<16TCOUA.OU. TO. 'E 0 v 1 ,,<i Z 1'\ t Tj IJ a~ K a i 0 I ·E A. A 1'\ v E C; K 0 Il J.1 0 \) V 1 aTE t; (' A6i'jvUl, 1946), "E~. 31.

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you/,&Vte; 6.ltOljltte; TOU Kai crTMllKt 6 fJyttlle; tile; ttAsumlae; I'QaAlle; ltpocrlta9tlae; ltOU fKavt TO lCOl'I'a YLa va eltavaKtticrll tfJv 6.vt~aptllcrla tOU, ltpO-

crlta9tlae; ltOU 6.lttKpucrtaA.A.911 crt1\v 6.lto<pam tile; cruVOtacrKtljltroe; toil t~pouaplou (1922).2 Tov Mo:lo toil 1922 01 BouAyapol K0l'I'0uVtcrtai

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'A.A. ZaTIJflC. TtTOpTOC: tK 5tElWY Kol 6 'AAtE. nanavOOTaolou TplToc:-tK 6cElwv. Elva. " toox" nau " "EAA6c 6tv fXtl OKOIJIl ouvtAe" on6 TO 6apu l.IJuxoAoyuco nAflVlJo Tftc MIKPOOIOTIKf)<: KOTOOTpocpfl<:.

&KaIUlV 1i1..1..1] J.1la allOmnpa. va llporo9"crouv to llpo<Jep"I1..t, trov 9tJ.1a. :E'O)v 01..oJJt41a toO rpa.cp&iou til, Ba1..KaVlKfj, K0J.1J.10UVllmKfj, '0J.1oo11ovola, (BKO). o KoMprocp llapoucrlacre "'Iv Bou1..yaplKTt a~lro<n Yla J.1la autOv0J.11] MaKeoovia Xropl, &lllll'u1..a~el" Xropl, 011l1..roJ.1a"KO Kliv tan. O[ Bou1..yapol C1]tollcrav ~ed9apa Kal allpoKIU1]ltm allO ta 1i1..1..a KOJ.1J.1ata va "ltocr-'1]pi~ouv t'l\v Bou1..yapIK" IillO'l/I. To J.1eya1..iltepo J.1tpo<; tfj, ~oaq>IKfj, llEPIOXfj, ltOU icrxuplCeto 0 KoMprocp 6tl KatroKeltO allO «llou1..yapoJ.1aKeaOv&<;» eupl<JICuo betO, Bou1..yapla, Kal &VtO, tlilv auvoprov tfj, rIOUl'Kocr1..allia, Kal tfj, 'E1..M00<;. '0 rlavV1], netcrc,ltou1..o<;. 0 1010Kt"t1], tOO «PICocrllam1]», 1l0U aVnll,POcr6l'lteue t9 U1..1]VIKO KOJ.1J.1a m"v cr"""e'l/I. avte',aX91] crtl, ltpotacrel, tOO KoMproq> J.1& -.a t~fj, £:1l1xelp"J.1ata: «Ta K0J.1J.10UvlcrnKa KOJ.1J.1am tlilv 1i1..1..rov lla1..KavlKlilv Xroplilv Mv J.1lt0poOV vci ul09u"o'ouv cruv9"J.1a-.a ltOU 01 Bou1..yapld, amid, Ku!l&pv"cr&l, fxouv pl~el Kal &KJ.1ua1..4uovml allO t"V &IlOX" tfj, ij"a, tOil<; ",a 54

1913 Kai J.1a1..una crt J.1la tllOXTt 1l0U tKatOVtaoe, <JuJ.1J.10pllilv K0J.1lta-.CitOrov &~o>It1..I<JJJtve, lCUl XP1]J.1atOOOt1]J.1&V&<; alt' aut&<; <I, \01&, Ku!l&pvit<Jel" (JI)veXICouv tTtv opd<n tOU, crta U1..1]V1Ki£ Kal aeplllKci tJ.1itJ.1am tfj, MaKeoovla,». 3 '0 netcr611ou1..o<;. dXe avtlOpacrel ml, llpot<i<J&l, tOO KoMproq> <JXelii>v &vcrnKtroOlil<; Ollro, 9<i dXe KaVEI dOe ·E1..1..1]vu, J.1& llatplronKa al<J9itJ.1ata. 'EpJ.1itv&Ucre tTtV allalt1]<n Yla J.1lci aUtov0J.11] MaKeoovia crav J.1la auYKeKa1..UJ.1JJtV'l allOllElpa. vci teOoOv Katro allO .1l0u1..yaplK" &~oucria lleplOX&<; KatOIK1]JJtv&<; allO ·EH1]VE,. :EtTtv llp6>t1] aq>0PJ.1it. m"v "p6>t1] llpoK1..1]<JI, cpavep6>01]Ke to Itape1..06v toO J.1IKpOamoO Kal it «J.1ltOUpCOOOOIK1]» ayroy" Kal o.vampocpit tOU Ko.tro alto '0 &lllcpavelaKO K0J.1J.10UvlcrnK6 tlti<JtproJ.1a. '0 nemollou1..o, otv dxe avn1..1]cp9fj tOU, llaO"tepou, 1..oyou, 1l0U &KPUlltOvtO ll!<Jro allO t"V "ItO3. nE1'<JonOUA.oc;. op. cit., atl. 30.

at1ipI~'l tfl~ KOI!l\,ttpv ato ~1']t'll!a t1'l~ aabtovoI!'l' Ma1(tSov(~)). 'H S'll!ayroy(a (mtp t1'l, autovoI!(a, tJc I!tpou, tooV KOl!l!OUVlatooV ltpaKtO prov 90. tKtpSI~t aUlI'l'rova lit tl, ltpoaSoKie, t1'l, KOlllVttpv, XIAoUi&, ,hollrov lI& o.~t~«l 'l ltiat'l Kai o.lI'l'i~oA.&, t9VIKt, Kattu9uvael, lItaa at1']v KapSla tooV BaAoKavirov. 'Eav it ltPOltayavSa Kai it S'lliOKo"la Kat",parovav va S'lliloupyijaouv ~va aUtOVOliO MaKtSOVIKO Kp<it~, it KOlllVttpv fiAoltl~t on 90. o.<>KoOat t~al pttlKij tltlPp01'] Kai 9li lIltOpoOayva XP'lmllo"ouia'l to vto aUtO Kpo.tO' 00, a'llitlo tKKlvijaero, Yla vta lI£yaAoUTtpa nAoliata lItaa a-.a BllA.1COVla. Kai tav o.KOI!'l Stv lltpaYlla-.o,,0I00v-ro 01 o.lt"'-.ept, ailTt, t"" SI"'~tl" 1'j-.o ~t~alO on 1'i (modv'la, tapaxoov Kai ij O'llilOupyia ~'lt'lllosrov 90. &lj>tPVt at MaKOAo'l atm -.ptI, o.atlKt, ~aAoKaVlKt, Ku~pvijat" -.au-.oXpov"". -Olav 0 nt"'OltOUAo~ tltta-.pt'l't altO tijv 1:6lj>la, it OUlllttpllj>Opa TOU at" aU<>Ktljll t1'l, BKO t"tKp£9'l Splllumm altO t"V 0lloSa tKti vrov ltOU

1923. T£A&T1i tni

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. TO KOMMA yn01:THPIZEI TO MAKE!iONIKO 01 KOlll!OUVlatai a-.panoo-.al, "ou t"tatpt'l'av a-.1']v 'EAoMS.a lI£Ta 0."0 -."v Ka-.app&um -.00 111KpaalanKoO lI£-'"",OU l'i-.av 01 "pooTOI "ou ul09tt'laav t"V ~ouAoyapIK" o.ltaiT'lm Yla ~va lIaKtSOVlKO Kpa-.o,. 1:-'0 'E9v'KO 1:ulI~ouAoIO TOO KOlllla-.o, TOV Malo toO 1923 &A.a~ TO A.6yo 0 ·EA.&u9tpI~ 1:TaupIS'l, Yla Aooyaplaallo -'1'1, vta, ab-.1'I, lI£PIS~ Kai

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""IOeen, £IvaI " II" o"ov Kal 118,"v altOOOXtl toll aO-.ovollla,n ell,

4. Dragomir Nenoff, The Communist Party o f B u I gar i a (XelpOypaq:tOv. BlPAl09itICTl TOO KO')'1Cptaou. OuacnYKWV), cro..4.

OEllato.; ,,"'"ov aPxlle;. 1:t" "P0l]youllevo ""'X£lpl]lIa on toil, "mv altapaltl]to ao,,, t" oiJvOl]lIa Yla va "pooe""uoouv toil, «Ma1CeMvee; "pootpuy£.;n "pooEOeoav t"V OeOlpla lin ij"",~av va "pooe""uoouv "al va "pool]"utloouv "al toile; KOlllta'~iloe, til, IMRO CEoOl,epl"ll, MaKeooV11Cile; 'E"avao,an"ile; 'OpyavciloeOl,) "oil o"o",volloe Kal (",EBaA.",e '0 MaKeoovlKo OElla. 'A""oOloav TtlV tjna TOUe; T"V "~Eyepcn toll '01C'Olflplou, "''' yeyov"e; on 01 KOII"aT~flo£.; ouvepyaOTI]KaV lit T"V ToayKo>tp, "al tj,avtpavep" on " IOXuploll"e; aoTOe; "epleiXh TOV oaq>fI ""atVlYIIO on liv ta flaA.KaVIKa "01'1I0UV'''''Ka KOflflata e1xav uloBe"iOE' TO oiJvOl]fla "y"alpOle; 01 KOII"at~lloee; Oa £lXav oo>oel 'tlV oTl]pl~1 tou, ",oil, KOflflouvtcr,ae;.' ME TtlV ""O"'1\PI~1 toll NnflltpI Mavou1\"""', tvoe; "YEtoU Tile; KOfllvtEPV, £lO'KOIl o,a OEfla,a ,illv Ba""aviOlv, '0 OUvOl]lIa tfl, MaKeoovl"il, ao,ovoIIlae; UIOOE'tl0I]Ke a"" 'tlv EKKA Kal T1\V 'Ene"eonK" 'E""polttl 'il, Ba"KavI"ile; KOfll'0Uvto,,"fI, 'OflOo"ovola, "al avayopEUOI]1Ce 0" ~1\Tl]fla apxil,. °EtOl " ""oo'1\pI~Ie; '00 OUV0tlfla'Oe; Ka,to'l] XPEOlnK" Yla o"a "0l'fla-.a - flE"I]. 01 rlOuyxooMfloi aVnltpOOOl"OI MlpKOfl"e; "al MIA.IOKOfl"e; 0" ilia o"avlU "al "K"AI]KnK" btlOEI~1 altE,Oolae; apv1\OI]"av va altOOEXOOOv '0 oiJv9l]fla' '0 °EUl]v avn"pOOOlltO, N. l:apyoMyo, xOlple; va ~Xl] £lol""e; 65l]yIEe;, a"o5£xOI] '0 oUVOl]fla Yla A.oyaplaoflo toll "oflfla,o, fla~1 flE 1.500 xpuo", ..1P£.; 01 Oltoiee; li"O'E"oOoav I'EpOe; 'il, ",I]ola, ou~,o tpoplie; "10 3.000 A.lpillv ltoil Ka,tfla"e " KOfllvttpv ltpOe; '0 t ....I]VI"O '''flillla. tl]'. '0 l:apyoMyo.; OEV ltapEoCJ>O'E XP1\lIa,a 0'0 KOflfla. ·Otav ~tpOaoo o,"v 'E"Moa, (oXuplo'l]"e on fltEoe Ollfla "I]o,ela, Ot"V 'ha"la. Alyo apyotepa ftpuye Yla ,Ie; 'HvCl>flEve, Oo""eie,' T" "Oflfla "po,ll'l]oe "pooOlp,va va "apa"afl"'l] '0 yoyovoe; on " 1:apyoMyo.;, £lXe avaMflel OUyxE"PlflEVI] "lt0XPEOlOI 0'0 OEfla 'ile; Ma"Eooviae;. 'Y"O -.tlV deOl ap"E'rov "yenKrov o,eAeXrov, "oil ijOE"av va avaflaAouv flla "plon"1\ a"otpaOl 1tclVOl 0'0 "OVI"O ~1\'l]lIa, " Kev,pl"" 'Emtpo"tl ""E_ flaAe ~va "o;0flVl]fla o'1\v EKKA "''' MooXa ~I] ,o>v,ae; "epiooo,epE, It''I]POtpOpIE, "al OI£uKplvloel, flEhl] 'p'"ltl ellploflEvOlV Ol]flEIOlV. 'AKofla Kal I'EA.olle; KEV'pIKfI, 'E""po"fle;; "oil "~E","YI] a"o TO

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ao,a

S. ·10£ Ch. Anastasoff, The Tragic Peninsula 1St. Louis, Blackwell Wieland, 1938), "tA. 33. 6. Fifth Congress of the Communist Inter nat i on al: A brid ged R eport rEJC&oa~ KK }lpEtavi~, 1925), "tA. 191. 'ECPE~~,: A b rid g e d Rep 0 r t, F 1 ft h. 7.l:taup(a~" op. cit., atA. 177-179.

'E&Vl1CO tU~~OUAtO tOY <1leppouapto toO I ~24, __9tv lrull<PfllvoO<Jav tlll toO OE~at~. '0 KopSii<~, 0 OllolOe; elXe i>ll'lpet1]<Jet roe; a~LC>l~anKOe; tOO 1:tpatoO atl) MalceSovla tlllatsue on TJ uloOh'l<ne; autfje; tfje; llOAttlKfje; Oli alle~Evoove to Ko~~a allO tie; ~Ii~&e; t(i\v tllapXt(i\v ~fj~_ Bopelou 'EAAliS~ Kal Oli i:pAallte to KOp~ toU Ston Oa to llapouma~e roe; opyavo t(i\v BouAyapc,w. '0· tepacp&i~ Ma~t~oe; - OtacpoovWVtae; ~t tOV KopMto tllE~&V& «on to KKE Oa Ellpelle llpillta all' oAa va UllaKOU'l <Jtie; M'lyiee; tfje; Ko~tvt&pV))8. '0 ElOOlliie; 'Alloo-.OAiS'le;, to tpito IIEAOe; tfje; K.E. aPviIO'lKe va AliP'l OEm ~E tOV I<JXUPI<JIIOV on Mv TJtav tV'lliepOOIiEVOe; <JxenKa I't t1]v Kata<Jta<n <Jt1)v tAA'lVtK1] MaKeSovia. To ~1]t'llia allEn'l<Je IOtait&p'l O~Ut'lta otav to tAA'lVIKO K01'1I0UVL<JtlKO Ko~~a EAap& llPOCJ1CA'l<Jt allo t1]v MO<Jxa va <Jt&iA'l toUe; avtlllpo<JcilllOUe; tOU <JtO 50 llayKo<Jllw I:uvESPlO t~~ Kowvttpv, ltOU &IXe llPoypalillatl<J0il Yla tie; 17 'Iouviou 1924. 'H llpO<JKA'l<Jle; ll&pleAaIiPave Ilia llepiepy'l ·llPO<J01]K'l: 01 avttllp0<J0l1l0t toO KKE Oa EllPEll& va elVaL llpOetotlla<JIIEVOt va CJU~'lt1]<Jauv· -;'0 «t9vLKO ~~ t'llla)). na ta IItA'l toO KOliliatOe; TJ KpulltoypacpL1C11 aUtl) cppame; Sty 1I1tOPOO<JE llapa va EX'l ~La Kal ~OV'l <J'llla<Jia: to Otlla tfje; MaK&SOVIKile; autovolI ia e;. '0 naVV'le; KopMtoe;, to apxatotepo IItAoe; tile; K&vtptKile; 'Emtpollfje;, Mv tliExO'l va av,,"po<JOOll&U<J'l 0 ISwe; to KOlilia <JtO 50 llaYKo<J~w CJUVEOpLO, llpocpav(i\e; Yla va (LllOcpUYll tl)v alloSoxl) tile; «MaK&OOVtKile; aUtOVOlllae;» avtiO&ta all' 5,n lli<JtEu& Kal O&oopoO<Je cppOVL~O. 'Avt' autoO 0 t&pacpelll Ma~tIlOe;, <JuvoSeuo~EVOe; allo tOV ll. llOUAIOllOUAO, Ecpuye yU1 tl)v MO<JXa IIE<JC!' r&Pllaviae;. _1:tl) MO<JXa ot 060 -EU'lV&e; KOIIIIOUVt<Jtal Ppt0'lKaV aVtlllEtOOllOt 0Xt- 1I0VOV liE ~1]t'l~a MaKeoovtKile; aUtOvOliiae; aAAa Kal ElpaKLKfje; aKO~'l, <Jav va elX& KaveL ~a·cpVtKa, tv IItii VOKti tl)v t~cpavt<Ji t'le; Kal ElpaKtKI) tOVOt'le;. '0 Mavou1]ACJ1Ct, 0 elStKOe; tiie; KOlltVtepV <J"1 ~'lt1]lIata tillv BaAKavloov, toO tOVtKOO &!<J'lY1]O'lKe to OE~a.'AvacpepOII&V~ <Jtle; llepLllAoKee; ~'ltiIllatOe; &Ille: «TO. llOAAll ",paAliata llOU SIEllpa~av to. Stacpopa tll1]lIata tile; KO~lvtepV <JX&tlKa lit to ~1] t'llia auto, ocpeiAovtat atO yeyovoe; Otl llO),.AOI allo tOUe; <JUVtpocpoue; line;, Mv EXOUV allanayfj aKO~'l allo tl) o-O<JLaAa'lIiOKpatlKI) ISeoAoyia... llOAU xapan'lpl<JtlK1] elvat TJ atame; toO <JUVtpocpou MlpKOPlte; (rWUYKO<JAlipOU) <JX&tlKa lit to MaKeSovLKo ~1]t'llia. tta IipOpa tOU EKcppa~&t tl)v 8.

Ailt60"

a.'.

181.

yVWII'l Otl to MaKeSOVlKO ~1]t'llia Stv elvat Kata Kaveva tPOllO pa~KaVlKO aAM &UpOOllaIKO llpOPA'lIIU, llOU Mv ~llop&l va AuOil llplV va KatOpOooOil TJ VIK'l toO &uprollalKoO llp04mptatoU llavoo <Jtl) lI11oup~oua~ia. 'Eav to ~1]t'llia "Oil "<n. 11010 00. elVaL to allOt e4<Jlla : MIa lla0'l' IKI) allA&c; <Jtame; tOO KO~1I0uvtattKoG KOII~atOe; <J1: Eva allo to. mo cpAEyovta ~'lt1]~am rcou ava<JtatwvOuv tl)v trcoxl) autl) tie; Slacpop&<; pahavlKee; tOvo. t'ltee;. llapollolu "'I'aAliam Kavouv Kal 01 -EAA'lvee; <JUvt pocpol lIae; <JxetlKa lit to MaK&SOVtKO. llplv arco A(youe; IIfjvee; 5mv 1110. EVOllA'l (Jljppa~'l cputvomv avallocpeUn'l <Jta Bahavlu.... TJ 'EKteA&<JtlK1] 'EftltpOll1] tiie; BaAKavtKfje; 'OIl0<JllOVMae; t~tSooa& Eva ~aVtcpEatO, ~1: to 011010 EKave EKKA'la'l ato llpoAEmpliito tillv BaAKavLKillv xoop(i\v va opOw<J'l to avaat'llia tOU Kal va ~'lt1]<J'l tl)v aVE~aptOllo('lal tile; MaK&SOvlae;. To tn'lVIKO KOlIlIOUVtattKO KOlilia OXt 1I0VOV Mv S'l~O msuae to ~OVtcpEatO autO, aAAa Eat&IA& Kal attlOAOYll~tV'l SlaliaptUp(a tvavtlov t~C; f.KSO<J'le; tvoe; thOIOU tyypacpou»' Ka9' oAov to Slaat'llia tile; rcEpLMou tfje; trcavaatatlKile; avampaxile; atl) BouAyapia. llOU aVEcpep& Kal 0 MaVOU1]ACJ1CI, to tAA'lVtKo· KOII~OUVt atlKO KOII~a S1:v EKaV& llpaYliatl tillOtE yta va PO'l01]a'l tOUe; BouAyapoue; KO~1I0UVlatte; Kal tOUe; «autOVOlitatte;» tfje; IMRO ('E<JootEpIKfje; MaKeSovlKile; 'EllaVaatatlKfje; 'OpyavwaEooe;) ato va tn&AEaouv to. cfXESla tOUe; yLa tl) MaK&Sovla. ttle; 6 Malou toO 1924 aVtlllpOaOOllOl toO BouAyaptKOO KO~1I0Uvt<JtlKOO KOlillat~ Kal tfje; IMRO elXav (1ll0ypa1jl&l litO. CJU~cpoovla CJUvepyaalae; Yla tl)v aUtovo~'l<Jt tfje; MaK&Sovlae;. 'AAM, 5tav I) CJUllcpOlvia autl) EytV& YVooat1] ava~&aa atOUe; tOvtKI<JtlKOi>c; KUKAoue; tillv KOliltat~1]Soov tile; IMRO, tS'lIlWUPY1]O'lKE acpaVtaatOe; avappaaIlOe;. '0 aPX'lyoe; tile; IMRO Tovt0p 'A4~avtpwcp to&OOP1]O'lKE Illl&\>Ouvoe; Yla t1]v CJUvEpyaaia aun) ~ tl)v KOII~OU VtatlKI) 1]y&<Jia. '0 KUpIWt&pOe; avtl~ 'lAOe; tOU ato KOliltiito, 0 'Ipav Mtxa1]AOOcp, EKplve llWe; elXe cptaa&l TJ Iilpa yta tOY llapa~EptaliO toO •AA&~avtpwcp. 'H opyavOO<ne; tfje; SOAocpoviae; toO 'AA&~av(pwcp Mv "tav Kal toao SOOKOA'l i>llOO&<ne; OtaV t~llvSU atile; t'le; "taV 0 ISwe; 0 i>llapX'lyoe; tile; IMRO Mlxa1]Aoocp. 1:1: Alyo KaLpO 0 'AA&~avtpwcp Eit&cpte v&KpOe; allo tie; acpalpEe; tillv SOAOCPOVOOV toO KOliltatOu. '0 Mtxa1]AOOcp llOU tOV St&IiEXO'l atl)v 1]y&mct tiie; IMRO auvto~a EPPl1jl& <JtOV KaAaOo tillv O.XP1]9. A b rid g e d Rep

r t,

F i { t h.

0'&)"..

191.

Mia IOTopnu; ~ToYPOfPla ana Trlv 8E~£AIWOf1 ToO Mcyapou ToU MeTOXIKou T o~clou 1" Tparou E1e TOV XWpov TWV BOOI.).IKWV OTouAuw, napa Tliv Mov I T05lou. AlottplvcTal ck TO ~toov 6 np6c6poc: Tlie. tnavoOTOTIKfle. Ku6epvflocux: ToU 10922, Kpotu5Oc. (1) AlnAo TOU np6<: TO 5cE,ov Tij<: cp.lToypolploc: 0 OTp<ITIly6<: Mol:opo"'lc, (3) tv ouv£xck;l - 6 npweunoupyoc . AAcE. nonavoOToolou (2). .AplocpQ ToU KpoKI6a 6 'lwOvv~c MtToEoc (5)'

mOlV tilv lJIll1cpOlvla tfj~ 61l~ Maiou toO 1924" no. to 1:£paq>sll1 Ma!;'110 to VOlll1a t&v ~ll'lCpl atOlV toO MavoUliAalC. "itav aaq>BatatO, Kat'l10pollaav to lCol1l1a 5n alColl'l1a lItv ~!;tllAi]POlVE to lCa9fjlCov tou 11~ aq>oalOlm lCal lJIlVBllEIa IIllOl~ ibq>&IAt to tl1fjl1a tfje; KOIl'VtBpV, npoaEd91laE 1..01llOV I> Ma!;'110e;, Vo. llapOUma"'l 11'0. ~!;i]rllm r'o. tilv apvIltllCil atam toll ~UIlVllcoll tl1i]l1atOe; tfje; KOI1.vtBpV, Erllt a..o lJIlVBOPIO: «'H 9Bme; toll ~AAIlVllCOll lCl>l1l1at~ llavOl mo MillCtOOVllCO ~i]tlll1a, o~v Elva. uutil lloil laxupl~Etu. I> Muvoui]AalC' lin Elvm. Ka9E t~VIICil I1E10V6tllta JlplalCS' ollEpa"".at~ ato llpl>aOl!lI> l1ue; 10. Ruth Fischer, S tal i n an d G e r m an .Co mm u n ism (Cambridge, U.S.A., Harvar.d university Press.

1948), ",,-, 465 - 470. 'Ellll1Tlt; J. Swire, B,u I.a ria DCa Ds p ira c y (LoDdoD, Robert Hale, 1939) <J<l.. 180·190, lCat Anastasoff, 0 p. cit., passim.

~q>' lIaov I> arIDVac; tOlV t9V.lC&V I1E.OVOti]tOlV dVllI taut6ipova lCal arIDvae; tOlV ~Vo.VtlU, milv lCUP(UPXIl to.!;Il... Elva. aAn!lE.a lin at£lAaliE tva rpal1l1u atil BaAlCUVllCil' 'Ol1o,movolu lCal Olal1aptUPll9i]lCalis lin 0llI10mEUOVtUe; to auv91ll1a tfje; Uutovol1lae; tfje; MUlCEoovlue; otv naJlE IIllOl<; lllPEllE ",,' 6'l"v tile; tie; auv9fj1CSe; tfje; ~q>apI10rfje; tOU milv 'EAAaoa, Msto. til l:uv9i]lCIl tfje; AOl~avlle;, llAoI 01 TollplCO' lCato.lCO. tfje; MalCEoovlae; avarlCo.a91llCaV v' alloXOlpi]aouv lCal '1'1 tUIlVllCil I1ll0UP~ouu~lu ~1"attmllas 700 X,A. llpl>aq>Urse; mil 9Bm tOlV. To tullVllCO lC0l1110uVlm.lCo lCOl1l1a ata91llCE avt.IlltOlllO lCul !lit Elva. llavtOtS aVtlllltOlllo a' aOtil tilv Jl.a.l>tllta ICaOroc; ICal atil l:uv9i]lCIl tfje; A~a~ Vile;. Elo. dl1aatE sumXEle; frv ml 01 aUVtPOq>OI TollplCOI tlCllvav to 10.0 llpo.rl1a. 'AUa to rSyOVOe;

ltapallEV&1 lin llltapxouV 700.000 "E)")",,v&<; ltpoaq>uy.<; at1) Mmc.Sov{a. 01 tpyat.<; Stv &IvaI EltOIIEvro<; ftOlliOl va S.x,oCv to miv9'lIla tfj<; Ma,,&Sovucfj<; aOtovolI{a<;...»ll '0 Ma~IIlO<;, ato ~aao<; tfj<; IjIUxfj<; tOU "°1111°0Vlat1)<; a"oll", ltEaav. aOto.~oplato<; a,1) B1EVV" 1961. 'H atam<; tOO ato 50 ltay"oalilO <rOVESplO tfj<; KOlllvttpv, omv iiip9roa. to' aVaat"lIa tOU Kai ataa"K. avtlllEtrolto<; <rro Mavom'1),,""I, O!tfjp~~ 1) )"allltpOt.pa anYIl1) tfj<; ~rofj<; tau. tm;pK&a& lll1ro<; lto)"u ),,(yo. M&'ra alto It{.m t" IItpou<; tfj<; KOlllvtEPV a)"M "at alto tOV nOU)"IOltOO)"O, <rOv&'I'rov"a. ""ai alt.Mxa" Yla )"oyaplaaliO toC KKE "ai tfj<; K&vtP1Kfj<; 'EltltP0ltfj<; tOU tl<; altoq>aa&l<; toC l:uv.Sploo ltavro <rro 'E9vl"0 ~l'jt"lIa. Zl'jt"a& 1I0VOV 1)alK1) l>ltO<rrl'jPl~1 altO t1)v KOII1VtEPV Kai t1)v Ba)"KaVl"1) KOlillouVlan"1) 'OIiOaltovMa ylli va avtalt.~E)"9" <rr1)v avtlSpaal ltOU l'jtav ~E~UlO<; lin &Upl"". IIEaa an'> Hilo tOU to KOlilia at1)v 'E)"MSa. To 50 naYKoalilo l:uvESplO alt&q>ama. «va Sla-

ata

II. Abridged

Report, Fifth,

as)..

205-206.

MO''1 to' miva'1l1a yui ilIa Ba)""aVl"1) 'OIl0lJltovSla !arov Kal av.~aptl'jtrov S"lIoKpanlilv tpyatlilv "al aypotlilv» Kal avE9.a. <rr1) Ba)"KaVl"1) KOIIIIOU' vlanK1) 'OIl0lJltovSlil '0 Ka9fjKov. «Va avaM.~" va SI&KSllt.pa,roa" "ai va aOvtovta" ,1) SoJu'a ,Iilv Ba)"KaVlKlilv KOIIIIOU'v,<rr'Klilv KOlllla,rov ';t <rOvSuaallo lit '0 t9v'KO Kal ISlalt.pa lit '0 MaK.SoVlKO Kal epl.K1KO ~l'jt"lIa».12 Kal ao,o aKolI" to «epaK1KO ~l'j'''lIa», ltOU It&pl.)"l'jq>a" a'1)v altoq>aa, Ka,' ao,ov 'ov ,pOltO, fy,v. S&",O M,allaptup"ta altO tOV Ma~'1I0. "O!tro<; Kci vlix" to ltpaYlia Ka9. avtlSpam<; q>atvomv lIaml". Tov NOEIiPPIO toli 1924 lit ,l'jv «av"",ill"'" <r01Iltapaa,aa", tlilv avnltpoaroltrov 'fj<; KOII,vttj>V Kal lit· ,ov nOU)"IOltOO)"O Kopoq>alo toli xopoC, ,0 Tpito -EK,a",o l:UVtSPIO toC KKE avttp&ljI& ti<; avtlppl'ja.l<; '013 KopMtou Kai alt.Stxa" 0ll0q>rova '0 miv9"lIa ylli lI,a a v &~ a p , " t" MaK&Sovta "al epa"" aav a~lrolia Kal aElia apxfj<;, "avo> at6 oltolo 12. X. K(1JJ.7ta.X:O:lECJl, M 7t a A. )( a vale (J r 1 a K 0 J.1 J.1 0 u-

VLa~ltatCJxarla

~tVttp6.t(Jla.

aU;VTa< PIOU, 1930), <TEA. 222.

(M6crxa, nco-

e. :IocpouA.,<: I(oi 'AA. nanavooTooiou KOTO Tl')V 25l1v MOpTiou, 1,924.

"'mv a"apUO£IC''l 61tOlUOit"Ott aVOtlCt" OtUlj>lllvla. 'AICOAouOrovta<; <0 O')(rt'llia "ou EytV£ altO <0<£ ollllU ICa<att9£v <11<; IColillouvto"lCll<; <aIC"ICIl<; 01 'EAA'lV£<; IColillOUvto<ai OtICUtoA0r'l0UV <1'1v u"oo<itpt!;t <00 9£lIa<o<; <11<; av£~'ap<'loiu<; <11<; MaIC£oovia<; ICai ep6.IC'l<; ell<; yEVvat6<pPOVll ouv"oq>op6. <ou<; o<1'1v OlU<1'1P'l0t <11<; £ipi]v'l<;. '«'0 vto, ill"£ptUAtO,,ICo<; ,,04!!0<; "A'lota!;" <"v BUAICUvtK1'1 X£POOVV'loo III: ytyavttala ~itllu<U» E4yav £i<; <0 IIUvtq>to", ,,£pi ",0 tOVtICOO !;'l<i]IIU<O<; "ou t!;£060'l a"o <0 ouvtOpto. «'Eq>' OOOV 0 "'1J!Eptvo<; OIUII£AtoIlO<; ICui i] ICa<a"l£ot<; <11<; MUK£oovia<; ICal <11<; 0paK'l<; t!;a· ICOAOUOOOV Mv II"OPOOJ!E va a"oq>UYllllI£ <OU<; 111"£' ptUAtO"ICOU<; "oMIIOU<;... I""t' aUTo ayrovl!;Ollao,£, y"i t1'1v tvo"ol'lot. <alV <pllilv <Olltlllv <11<; MUK£OOV[U<; Kui <11<; ElpaIC'l<; ICui yta <"v av£!;uptO"Oi'l01 <ou<;n 13 Ao<" it "apaypuq>o<; £iX£ onjv "puwunKO<'ltU ttpaottU "'1l1aoiu. Mia q>paot<; OU01UO<llCli KPUlllltV'l IItoa 0<1'1 q>AOy£Pit p'l<oplu <00 lIavtq>tOtOU <roy "avlll 0<0 tOvtICO !;itt'llia EAtr£ : • «'E6:v otv OUVtplljllllJ!E tOY lI"oup!;ouaollCo tOVtICO !;uyo "ou <aAat"lllp£l t1'1 MUK£oovia ICui tit Elp6.IC'l Ol:V Oa lI"OptolllJ!E vo. OUV<piljllllJ!E <0 lI"oup~oua" OtICO ICOtVlllVtKO !;uyo "ou <aAamrop£! tlla<;n ll . ElvUl 'I'uv£pO 0" it lOPOO1<; IIta<; av£!;apt'lt'l<; MaIC£oovia<; ICui lila<; avtl;o.pt'l<'l<; ElpaIC'l<; i:9£(OpElto ell<; "pou"oO£ot<; yta nj oO~l£<o'tOi'lOI <11<; 'EAMoo<;, 1:'i<; oiICE<; tlilv a!;tllllla<ouxrov toO KKE "ou t"poIC£l<O vo. ylvouv apyo<£pu, uv<1'1 it ICEvtPlK1'1 Iota ayvoit0'lK£. noHol loXuploO'lKav o<1'1v u,,£p6.=10l <lllV /itl <0 OUV0'lliu <11<; av<ovollla<; Mv a"ot,,"oOo£ "poOoola tq>ooov <0 IColilia Mv oUV'lYOpoOOE ootp <11<; a"o>.Ao<plroO£lll<; tOvtIClilv "£ploXIDV. "H'tQV 0:7tA..IDc;, &btav, Ilia «lmocrx&mt;» 'tou -rt tox£ola!;£ vo. lCUV'l <6 KOlilia Mv Kai omv Oa tpxo<uv ","v t!;ouola. Kai 0llro<; <6 IIUVIq>tOtO EOElXV£ KaOapo. on <0 KOIIIIU tlX£ 0110'1' III VU avaM~£l t1'1v U"OXptlll<Jt vo. aYlllvloOIl yui <ov a"oXlllplOIiO tOVllClilv ,,£ptoXlilv OXt J!E<0. aHa "piv Ep0'l Otitv t!;ouola. 'H a"oq>aot<; av<it tllPOK£ltO vo. llUPUII£lv'l <0 lIeYUAuttpo tllll60to y,o. <1'1v aVall<U!;1 <00 KOIIlIa<o<; Ylo. llOAAo. XPOVtu}' 'H UltOo<itpt!;t<; llOU t060'l a"o <1'1v KOIIIIOUVtO<lIC1'1 dteOvll Yla titv lopuot MUICeoovtlCoO ICul 0pUKtICOO Kpa<ou<; otv £tval eUICoAov va ICa<av0'l0i'j te4iro, liv Mv <J1V 011 Kuvei<; at ouvouaollo III: <J1V ICOtVlllVtICit ouvO£Ot <Iilv BaAICavilllv '1'1v tllOX1'1 tK£iV'l. '04<; 01 BUAICUVtICI:<; xlilpe<; "'<av, ICa<a ICUpto AOyO,

0""

13. PIt a" 14. A6,691. 15. n .."6,,ou~.

14 A'K.~Ppiou 1924.

p. cit. oV.. 32.

ayponlCi:<; ICui /\4, llepte!xuv apK"t<; tOVtICt<; IIS10VO<'ltt<; "apa <1'1v £uputa<'l avmHay1'1 llA'lOUOlililv "plv ICul lI£<a <ov llplil<o llaYICoOlito ll04110. 'H KOlIlIOUVtOnK1'1 llpolluyavou Kul O'llluylllyia 96. tlXe llOAU "epllllplolltve<; "POO""Kt<; liv a"euOuv6mv a"oK410"ICo. 0<0 'oAtyaptOIiO ~toll'lxavtKo llp04mpta", <Iilv OIUq>0PlllV ~uAICavtKlilv xlllplilv. Oi aypow; Kai oi tOVtKt<; IIBlovo<'ltt<; "apou"lu· !;av "OAU KamAA'lAo<£pOU<; o<oxou<; Ylo. KOIiIlOUVlo"K1'1 ol£loouot. 'Iolulttpa it OuouptOKEla Kui 01 q>tAoool;l£<; <Iilv tOvtKlilv lIetoVo<1'1trov "pootq>£pav a!;loAoye<; £v. "atpier; yta "oAmK1'1 O'lliaylllylu Kul "pollUyavoa. 'Elll llMov oi llep,ooo<£pe<; tOVtKt<; IIBlOVO<'l<£<; "oav ouyxpovro<; oX£06v a"oK4to"Ka ayponKt<;. To tpho E1C<UlCtO ouvtoptO <00 KKE ouveoiJao£ <0. ouv01'1IlU<U «Yla 1110. ave!;ap<lj<'l MaKeoovia Kai 0paK'ln lit <0 oUVO'llia <11<; «Ku~tpv'lo'l<; tlilv tpyutlilv Kal aypo<lilvn. Kai E<o, to'llitoUPY1'1O'lK£ EVU oUV0'llla, "ou to. llepteAo.lI~av£ oAa. d'lAaoi] to OuVO'llili '00 «'Evllllltvou Metro"ou tlilv tpyatiilv, aypo<iilv Kal Katallte!;0lltvlllv lIetoVo<1'1<lllVll. To &~001i0 IipOpo tlilv allOq>ao£rov, llOU u{oOt<ljO£ to ouvtopto, U£ye <0 t!;i'j; : 1:ta Bahavta, " UllOOti]PI!;'l tiilv lI£toVO<1'1tlllV allo <0 KKE o<ov ayiilva <ou<; yto. a,,£4uOtPllllJ'l EXEl lJitliepa a"oq>alJtlJnK1'1 "'1l1aola yta t1'1v KOtVlllvtK1'1 t7lava"'ao'l ..... To 'EVllllltvo MttrollO <Iilv tpya<iiiv, aypo<iilv Kai U"OOOUAllllltvlllv IIElOVOt1'1<lllV, tvavTiov tile; 1I0up~oua~lu<; III: OKOllO <itv &vrolJ'l OAlllV <Iilv BaAKavlKlilv Aaiilv lJt lIui BahuvlK1'1 'OlioollovOla, tlvat to j3a<JtKO. oUv9'llia ",0 tAA'lVtICOO KOIIIIOUVtlJ"KOO KOlllla<o<;. To KKE tq>apll6!;Bl o."OAU«t aut1'1 <J1 OtlJ'l Kal at on o.q>op~ <0 MaKeOOvtKO Kai 0pUKtKO ~1'1tljllalll' Tauti~ovm<; <0 tOVtKO !;1'1t'llia lit t1'1v "poooo tll<; tllavalJtalJelll<; Kai xapalCtljpl!;ovta<; to ro<; o.va'YlCalo Kal opyavtKO <lIlllla '11<; t"avalJmnKIl<; otaotKalJla<;, ol 'EAA'lve<; KOlIlIOUVtoml, tlxuv o.llooexOIl t1'1 OtaAeK"K1'1 ~aot llOU "mv o.llapuh'l<'l yto. ,"v o.VUljlrolJt <i'j<; O'llitoupyla, MaKeOOVtKOO Kal 0paKtKOO Kpawu<; lJta oUlJOerop'lm UIjI'l llOU lJuve" llayomv 0 ~pov<roO'l<; xupaKT'lPllJlI0<; «0tlla 'Ap· xllr;n. 'H ave!;ap''llJla 0lllll<; au,iilv ,Iilv Vtlllv «KpU' 'IilVll, tOelllpeho ro<; tva "POlJroptVO lIem~unKo o<a· Oto. TeA'Ko<; aV"KEllleVtKOr; OKOllO, "<0 " Topuot<; tvo, llOAU evpu<tpou lJx1'1lla<o" llOU Oa lJuv1'1lJ7lt~£ OAOU, 'ou<; BahuvtKoU<; AUOU<; at litO. KOlIlIOUVtOnK1'1 °IlOo"ovoia. 16. To KKE, 1918-1931, aeA. 354-355. 'ElrilJTl<; Ziv6Pl&fP, 0 p. cit., ad. 96,

To Iip9po tOW altoq>a"Bwv tii<; I:uvBABu"Bw<;. ltOU avuq>BpOtaV "tTJV Ku~tpvT]'" tiilv epyatiilv lCai aypotiilv lCa! "tTJV BaAlCav'lCTJ 'OIlO""ovoia. Tjtav crarpta'Ca'i:o :

«'0 ayiilva<; Ila<; y,o. tTJV lCato.lCtT]"T] tii<; el;ou"ia<; lCatBU9uVBta' "'TJV IlltoulX;ouo.O'lCT] ljla"'''UlCTJ OT]llolCpatia, lCai EXB' ""OltO tTJV EVOltAT] elt,~oATJ lCai elt'lCpo.tT]"T] tii<; Ku~tpvT]"T]<; tiilv epyatiilv, aypo.iilv lCai ltpO"ljluywv. Ka.alCtrovta<; tTJv "0AmlCTJ el;ou"ia lCai OlatT]proVta<; tT]V Ill: .i<; tvOltAB<; OUVo.IlBl<; Ila<; 9a OT]lltoUPyi]"wIlB tl<; ltpolllt09t"B'<; Ylo. tTJ M"T] lto\> 9tl-oullB Ill: .0 I:uvtaYlla tiilv epyatiilv lCai aypotiilv Ila<;. KpanlColtolT]"T] tii<; ~apBla<; ~tollT]xavia<;, EMYXo<; tiilv Epyatiilv ltavw "tTJV el-aljlpTJ ~tollT]xavia. Kato.pyT]"T] .iilv ljlOpwv. tiilv oa"lliilv toil Bl"ayOlyllCoil EIl"OP(OU. 6i]IlBU"T] tiilv IlByo.l-wv t<nljlAllCllUV, tii<; IOtolCtT]"la,? tiilv elClCAT]",iilv lCai llo\·a"tT]pliilv. lCpanlCOlto(T]"T] tii<; Yii<; lCai olaVOIlTJ tT]<; "I: alCti]1l0vB<; lCai ll'lCP0\><; lCaAA1BpYT]tl:<; ¥La a!;IOlto(T]"T]. Kato.pYTJo'T] tiilv ljlO-

pwv, tiilv (m09T]1Ciilv lCal tiilv ayponlCiilv XPBiilv. 'YltO"ti]P'!;T] ltpo<; to\><; XWPllCO\><; ltO\> txouv IlllCpTJ IOLOlCtT],,(a lCal IiEv elCllBtaAMUOVta, to\><; epyo.tB<;. Ba91l1aia IlBto.~a"T] "tTJV lCoAMlCn~olto(T]"T]. ITpaYllanlCTJ Blpi]vl] y,o. to\><; BahaVllCo\><; Aao\><; Illt0PBl va lCatop9w9ii IlOVO Ill: .TJ OT]lltoupy(a 1l'Q<; BahaVllCii<; 'OIlO"ltovoia<; .iilv OT]IlOlCpaniilv tiilv epya.iilv lCai aypotiilv. '0 ayrova<; Ila<; evavt{ov tiilv lCaltltaA'''tiilv lCal tiilv t<nljlA,lCo.owv Ila<; em~o.AM, va ltapWIlB .TJV e!;ou,,(a. 'H xatalCtT]"T] Aomov tii<; e!;ou"{a<; BiVaL 0 Ii!;ova<; toil ayiilva ~a.r;».17

H EAAHNIKH ANTI6PAI:II: KATA THI: KOMMOYNII:TIKHI: ITOAITIKHI: 'H e"{"T]IlT] oi]Awcn<; toll KKE 6" 90. (CltOMlloll"B y,a tTJV a\>.oOta9B"T] tiilv Aaiilv 'ii<; MalCBoov(a<; lCal 0palCT]<; lCal y,o. tOV altOXWp'''IlO tou<; a"o tTJV 'EA-

'0 npw6unoupy6c 'Av6peoc MIxo}..oKonouAoc Kol TO IJ£A" Tf\C Ku8epvr;o£wc TOU KOTO T~V IiIJ€POV Tiic:: opKwlJoaiac Tfjc: Ku6EpVr'lo£wc, TOV 'OKTW6pIO TOO 1,924.

Mioa))". i\tav t"OJ1£VO va "polCaUaT] laxuplj avnopll"'l tIC J1tpou<; t&v tAAT]VlIC&V apx&v. 'H J\pWtT] O{ICT] J1£A&V 'mll 1C0J1J1ato<; ltoil rotT]yop,,0'1lCav YUI "polloala lipXla£ at"" l'>£aaaAovllC'!] tljv IT]V AU. yoilatou 1925. dWO£lCa altO ta '''0 t~txovta I'tAT] ti'\<; 'Opyavwa£w<; ti'\<; l'>£aaaAovllCT]<; PptO'1lCail 'atO t06JAlO toll lCatT]Yopoul'tvou. "Eva<; alt' auto&<; iimv lCa! 0 NIlCo<; ZaXaplaOT]' 6 J1£AAOvtIICO<; flyttT]<; toll KKE. Kata lj OlaplC£1U ti'\<; 011C'1<; 'ollCoJ1J1ouvlatal t~£J1£i:aAA£OOT]aav el<; to ~ltaplCov tljv £U" lCalpia ltoil toil<; tolo£to yui va Maouv I)ao to ouvatOY J1£yaAOt£pT] OT]J1ocnOtT]ta erro J1alC£OOVIICO aovO'1J1a. 'Iolalt£pa 6 ZaxapuloT]<; to"Aroa£ J1t t~alp,£t\. IClj £uyArottia I)n to 1C0J1J1a tOU i\tav altocpaO\aJ1tvo va u"oatT]pi~T] tl<; alto<paa£l<; 'til<; KOJ1lvttpv ato ~"tT]J1a ti'\<; MalC£oovIICi'\<; lCal l'>paICIICi'\<; av£~aptT]-

AIO"OUAo<; Ka! 0 EepacpeiJ1 Ma~IJ1O<;, i\aav 01 000 1C1!p,19lt£pOI lCat~yopOOJ1£Vol. <J>aiv£<a, I)n lCata ti(v oi6'plC~lU ti'\<; aValCplaero<; OlUCPOprov J1eA&v toll 1C0J1J1("O<;' ol apxt~ elXav J1aOel I)n 6 Ma~IJ1O<; lCai 6' nOUAIOltOUAO<; &!Xav Itael atl) Moaxa lCai &!Xav a"ollexOi'i to aUvOlll1a ,,£pi «Ail,ovo,. , J1la<;)). Eti<; 4 'lavooopiou 1926 'Alyo "piv, va, "apoualUaOollv. a~6' a':pooti(plo 61 000 "OJ1J1ouvlatai flyttal ,lCai, ol "UYlCatT]yopooJ,levol troy; 0 naYlCa;'cy<; tlC",p.u~~, ,lillCtatopl~. ·yito lCaO£atli><; atpanronlColl VoJ,l0U it. u"oOeO\<; nOU;'IOltOU;'OU - Ma~lJ1ou "el" i'\i.ge £1<; tljv OllCalOooa(a toll EtpatQollC£Iou, ltpnYJ1a "oil tal)lIaw£ I)n o{ lCatT]yopooJ,levOi tlti t!;J,xatlJ "poooal", i\tO Suvatov va lCataOllCaaOollv lCai &1<; 91iva,ov. Kata tljv OlaplC&\aV 'til<; 011CT]<; to riPIO t"'x£ipT]J,la ti'\<; ultepa""laero<; i\tO lin ol "E;'AT]Ve<; ICOIIJ10uvlatal OI£IC"pUttaV a,,;'Gl<; ti t""o..£oov va lCavouv J1eta tljv livooo toU<; &1<; tl)v t~ouala. Auto laxupiaOT] " UrrepO.altlcn<; I)n to "p;'mlCo tOu<; "pC>ypaJ1J,la lCal '0 ltpOrJ,lallJ,la tvo<; 1C0J1J,lato<; ICplvetal alto tOy Aao lCa! IIXI a"o ta ollCaat"plU. 01 'EAAT]VllCt<; apxt<;, cpuallCa, Oa tltpelte va ~tpouv I)n to t,,'lx£lp'!]J1a aUtO i\tav allaalJ1o. To 10lO to ICOJ1l1a elxe OlalCT]p"'~el t",a"lIro<;, at aplC£tt<; "epllttOOel<;, on 6 a"OxroplaJ1o<; tfl<; 'EAAT]VIlCfl<; MalC£oovIa<; lCat l'>palCT]<; i\taV "p 0 It 0 a £ a 1<; yla tljv livo06 tOO errljv t~ouala. ". '0 01':0vi(<; ICOJ,lJlOUVlaJ10<; lCatwp9<ooe va ,,&iaT] tOY lCaO'1Y'ltl) 'map; olaltpe"fl raAAO lat0pIlCo lCat IlPO£OPO tljv t"oxlj tlC&iVT] ti'\<; avOprol<l<mJCil<; «'Evwaew<; 'Yla tljv npoataala t&v dllCalroliatrov toll 'AvOp6Jltou lCai toll no;'!tOU)), va errd;''!] Eva IImcpo",,£U<; tT]Atyp6.CPT]lIa atov naYICa;'o lit to 6ltoto TOV t~wpICI~e va IIljv tl'ltpt'l'T] tljv tltlPo;'lj Oavatl1ci'\<; I<owfl<; noil 9a altoteAolla£, lCata tOY 'map «at!Ylla 'Yla tljv 'EA;'T]VllClj dllCaloaUVT] lCai tOY nO;'InaIlO)). TautoXpovw<; " Ol&Ov"<; ICOJ,lIlOUVlanlC" 'Opyavroal<; MORE (dleOv"<; 'Opyavroal<; BoT]OeIa<; "pO<; toil<; 'Epyat£s) i\;'ge at tltacp" J1t t~t. xovta<; raAAOU<; o,ICT]Yopou<; lCal to&<; ~"tT]a& va lI&tallollv el<; t"V 'EAMoa Yla va avaMpouv t"V Urr£pa"",cn t&v OUO 'EAA"VroV ICOJ,lJ,lOUVlerr&v. dla OIICOVOJ,lIICO&<; AOyou<; to OllCaatl)plo otv tnttpe'l'& erro&<; raA;'OU<; OIICT]YOpoU<; va MPouv litpo<; atlj ollCT], aAAa tv till J1&ta~il ol ICOIIJ10UVlerrai &!xav lCatop96Ja£1 va "apoucnaaouv &1<; I);'ov tOY 1C0aJ1ov to Ma~llIo lCai tOY nOU;'lo..OUAo c!l<; 9i>lIam "o;'lnIC&V olroYJ1&v. T&A\JC<1 fl 011Cl] OI&ICUrr'!] lCal av£p;'''OT] t,,' aop{atov.

'0 r£WpYIO<: Kov6uArtc: OTliv nA£Tf'l Til<: i6puo£wc Tf)c. .AOTUVOIJloc: n6A£wv TO 1925.

ala<;. Etoo<; ICUtT]yopOUJ1tvou<; tlt£pA"OT]aav ltOlvai cpUAaria£~ "oil tlCuJ1aivovto a"o 12 ~ 18 J1i'\v£<;. EX£oov I)AOI pyfllCav a"o tlj qlUAalClj acpoll t~tnaav J1tpo<; J10VOV tfl<; "owfl<; troy. 'Alto lCaBap&<; tOVllCfl<; alt0'l'£ro<; fl oilCT] i\tav acp,aAJ,la talCnlCfl<;. 'H ol£~ayroylj tT]<; errlj l'>£aaaAovilCT] £0""'£ tljv £ulCalpia errov "aYICOaJ1lO 1C0J,lJ,lOUVlaJ1o lCai ato&<; autovoJ1latt<; ti'\<; IMPO va laxupla90llv I)n i\ tAAT]VlICI) ICUPtpVT]cn<; t,,£olo£to at olroYJ1o&<; «MalC£06vrov)) "atplrot&v-liv lCai 000 J10VOV alto to&<; 12 lCatT]yopOUJ1tvou<; elXav y£vVT]Oi'i errlj tAAT]VllClj MalCeoovla, ~va<; 'Ellpato<; ovoJ1an Ea"opta lCai 6 rpT]yopIO<; naltaVllCoMou 6 6ltoto<;, a~l~el va "'lJ1&'roOi'i, elxe "oAtJ1"ael Yla tl)v ~V""" J1t ti(v 'EAMlla "piv a"o to 1912. 'H o&Ot£PT] 011CT] tyw£ atljv 'AOl)va '0 n. nou-

H BOYAH KAI TO MAKE&ONIKON ZHTHMA Meta. 't1]V avatp<>1tit toil KaOeMlilt~ toil naYKaMO, 6 KovS6AIl' arrecpaencre va rrpoK'1p6~Il 1300MonK~ £KAoy&" t6v NO£J!~pw toil 1926, J!& to cr6crtllJ!a tij, avaAoylKij,. <Orr"" avecpEpOllltPOllYOOJ!£vro, to cr6crtllJ!a aot6 Mrocre crtO KKE Yla. ltProtll cpopa. titv Sova'Otllta va. aV'ttrrpocrrorreoOij MO KOlvojlo6Aw. '0 'EMOO£Pl~ LtaOpioll, rroo £~aKoAou Ooilcre va. olaxelplCetal ti, oltOO£cre1, toil KOJ!J!at~ olon 01 'feplcrcrOtepOl alto tO~ liAAou, "yEte, eupl<>Kovto aKoJ!Il crt1]v cpuAaKit lj cTt1]V £~opla, aV'teAuJ!~a~em rrAitpro, lin to va.' lteplAIlCPOij to MUKeSoVlKo Kai to ElpaKlKO Citt'lJ!U <tn)v £KAOylK" otAatcpopJ!a toil KOJ!J!at~, 9<i. icroSuvaJ!oilcre J!& ltapaltllcrll altO dOe £1..ltlSa £ltltUX1ar; crtie; £K1..0-

y£,.

Kt, ltl9avOtllte, tlilv Ult01jlll<Pirov tOil KOJ!J!atO" £d< J!£lvs yla. tOV KatapncrJ!o tvoe; ltpoyp6.J!",at~ ltOO Oa. txapaKtllplCeto altO J!la. crxenl<" J!etplOltligela, roMe va. J!ltOptcrll VB ltpocreAI<6crll eva lraVOltOllltlKO ap19J!0 1jIitcprov. napa. to yeyovor; lin to ltpoypaJ!J!a aoto ltepltAa~e iai apl<sta. KOlVrovlKa. Kai OlKovoJ!IKa aItitJ!ata Ka9apcl>r; KOJ!J!ouVlcrnKa, J!' liAa tailta litav £rrtMpe1jlav.. M"V 'AOitva, cDPlcrJ!EVOl' altO tOOe; cpUMKlcrJ!EVOU, lj £~OPIMOU, "yEte, ltOO alte1..euOspro0llKav altO tOV KovMAIl, £~Ecppacrav "VtOVll Sucra.pEcrK.la Yla. t1]v J!£tplOlt6.0ela tou. 'YltO <"v ltlecrl £~tpeJ!lcrnKlilv MOlXdrov, <>UvijA9s" 6AoJ!E/"£\a tije;

'0 LtauplSIl, Kai yta. ltpocrroltlKOOe; 1..6youe;, &lXe KaltOla eoolcr91lcrla ltavro M' aOto, dSlKa., t6 OEJ!a. 'E<>Kolteue va. £KteOij cl>r; Olt01jlitCPl~ Ka~aAa" M" ElpalC'l. KataM~alve lin 01 ltl9avOtllt£e; tOU Oa.1'Itav Kan lteptcrcrotepo altO rreVlXP~ liv <oAJ!oilcre va <>UvllyOPitcr'l Ult£p mil altoxroplcrJ!oil tij, Elpc1KIle; alt6 titv 'EAMoa. '0 LtauplSIl, avteAitCPOll t!t1crlle; lin 01 Olt01jlitCPlOl toil KOJ!~at~ SEV 1'ItaV Suvatov va. ~acrlo'ouv tie; &AltlSse; tOO, yta £KAOYlK1] £ltltUXia M1]V UltOMitPl~Il altOKMlMlKli. Kai J!ovo tlilv J!£1..lilv toil KOJ!J!Ut~. L6J!cprova' J!£ ta. ElticrllJ!a apxsTa tij, KOJ!IVtSpV, •• t6 K.K.E. &lXe to 1926 Kata. ltpocr£111mv 2.500 J!£AIl. Oi Ult01jlitCPlOl <>Uveltlile; &lXav aVaYKIl altO t1]V UltO<J'titPI~1 liArov £Kdvrov ltOO Xropi, va. &lval J!EAIl <>UJ!ltaOoilcrav to KOJ!J!a. TB ltpocrcpata MpanronKa. ltpa~IKOltitJ!ata, " MuvaJ!ia tije; O(KGvOJ!lae; VB cruvEAOll Kiltro altO to ltpoaOem cpoptio EVOe; Kai "J!lcrsoe; crXeMv £KatoJ!J!upiou ltpocrcp6yrov altO t1]V MlKPa. 'Acria Kai it atEMlro't'l olaJ!aXll ava.J!scra ""a. ii60 J!£yliAa ltOAlnKa. MpatOlteSa, tOO, ~acrl1..6cppovee; Kat tO~ CPlASMUO£poUe;, y6pro alto to KaOeMronKo, ltpocrEcpspe crtOO, I<OJ!J!OUVlMEe; "Sacpo, apKeta ltpocrcpopo y,a. ltoAmKit tKJ!etliAMum UltO t1]v ltpoUltoOem litt tlti mil ltapov<~ tOOMXlMOV to CittllJ!a tije; MaKsSoV.lKije; Kai ElpaKlKij, ave~apt'Ilcria, ali "J!ltaLVS e(e; to ltSPI96lPlC. Ltie; 9 LeltteJ!~piou 6 LmupiOlle;, £KteAroV'tae; XPEIlypaJ!J!U<t"", <>UveKaMcre crUcrKS1jll ltOO uioOStllcre Eva £KAoytKo ltpoypaJ!J!a, crtO oltoio SE J!vllJ!oveOOtav "liv to «£OVIKO Citt'lJ!a». '0 LtaopiSIle; tKnJ!roVtae; psaAlcrnKa. tie; £KAoy,20. A b rid g e d Rep 0 r t, Fir t h, O'tA.. 268. 'ErtiaTlC; :t ECJ l' ~ IJ. Bat IJ. { p V \ IJ. K 0 r I( p E-

K. I. n t E P t v l' O' 0 IJ.. au. 216.

'0 .AA£E. nanavcOTooiou Kol 6 NouopXOC: KOuvToupni>Tllc. at cpwToypocpla TOU 1,925.

KeVtplKij, 'EltltpOltij, crt KOLV1] cr6<>Ke1jll J!t t"V KOJ!J!OuvlcrnK" veoMla (OKN E) cr<1]v 'AOitva, tOV 'OKtro~pw, Kai alteKitpu~e tie; alto<plicrel, tij, 91le; &sKeJ!~ploo cD, «£crcpaAJ!Evee;, pecpopJ!IM\KE" J!t SS~la. altOxproall»." '0 LtaOpiOll, Stv J!ltopoilcre It\a. VB tln~6.AIl tie; alt01jls\, tOU crtO KOJ!J!a.. Kai liJ!"" 0 £1..\YJ!oe; tOU va. a<pitcrll i:~ro altO to £KAOylK6 ltpoypaJ!J!a to «£OV\KO CittllJ!a» alteodxOll £ltltUXllJ!tv~. 'AKOJ!a Kai ol £~tpeJ!\crtai J!Sta~O tlilv KOJ!J!OUV\Mlilv "ystlilv avtSAaJ!~livov<o lin to va. to ltep\A'lCPOij tropa .crti, ltUpaJ!ovte; <Iilv £KAoylilv to crUvOnJ!a ltepi MaKsSovlae; 9<i. £crtepoilcre tOOe; Orr01jlllCPto~ toil KOJ!J!UtOe; arro titv OltOatitpl~\ ltOO ltpocrSol<oilcruv cr6J!q>(liva J!t to ltOAlmeo Kai KO\VroVlKO tOU, ltpoypaJ!J!a. "Orr"" ltapatllPitcraJ!S Kai ltpollYOUJ!Ev"". crti, £KAoyt, ltOO S\S~itxOllcra.v crtir; 7 NoeJ!~plou 1926, ol KOJ!J!ouvlcr,a! Ult01jlit<P10l <>uv£)CEV'tproaav 41.982 1jIitcpooe;, 4,38 % mil cruvoAou. 'Alto tOO, 10 KOJ!J!OUVlcrta., ~OUMU"I" ltOO £~eU1'1crav J!t <0 cr6crtllJ!a 21. PI 1; 0

(J It

II (J < ~~. 27 'OuCllPpiou 1926.

'H OiKOUIJ£VIK" Ku6tpVrtOIC: TOO 1827. b.loKplvnol 5tuTtpoc tit liCI:H£lv 0 .Avliptac MIXaAOKOnouAoc. tv ouv£XtlQ 01 KOfPOVT6PIlC:. ZoilMlC:, nonoYQC1Tooiou Kol MtTO(Oc:.

tfj~

avuAoyllcfj<;,.s avt'ltpoarolt£UaV tltapxl£<; tfj<; Max£60vl~ xal tfj<; ep«X1]~. "Htav ava"cp,aJlijt1]ta "Hi lJItooOOia 'toA'Uxij t,utUXla yHi lva xo""a at Vll,naxli axoJ1U Xataatam. Kal 6,,~ 01 &Uxa,pl£<; "oil tO~ Itpootcpsp£ to jlfj"a tfj<; BouAfj<; ltuaX9'1xav XUp,oAsxtllca .atov .xaAa90 tlDv axpijatCllv. .0It~ 9a tv9u"fjta' 0 avayvroat1]<;. 6tav &A1]!;£ li "aX1] aVal'£<Ja atO~ MYol'tvO~ «A,xjl'vtap'at~)) xal atij ttaA\V\xli cputp{a "taa ato KKE "t ti)v 1'lna tlDv ItpOltCllV, 01 xo""ouVlatal jlouMUtal I'taa atO 'Ell1]VlXO KOlVOjloilA'O t5tx9'1xav ti)v tltl9£a, tlDv ttaAlV,xlDv. . . 'Ex ltpIDt1]<; 6\jf£~ "ltopd va cpalv£tat It£pl£pyo a' tvav a~il1]to. to y£yovo<; 6n li ljy£<rla tOO xo""ato<; atP£CPOtaV tvavtlov tlDv 161Cllv tOu<; tlDv jlouMutlDv Itoil tO~ t1CltpooCll1toOaav ati) BouAij. 4tv Itpalt£' va A1]a"OV001'£ 6"Cll<; 6n 1j KOlVOjloUMUTUcli 6"a6a toO KKE altOt£AoOir£ lva 16,oppu9,,0 ItpOjlA1]"a "(\a tO~ ttaA'Vlatt<; liyat£<;. 'Alto toil<; 66xa jlOUMUta<; ,,6vo 6 eao<; avfjx£ atli LtaA'VlXli' 6"aoo. Ti)v tltoxli Itoil Itfjpav to xpta"a toO i>!tO\jf1]",Iou y,a tl<; bXAOyt<; toO 1926 01 I'£talt£"a jlouMu-

tal, 01 «Koiltjl1]6£<; xal 01 Xat~fj6£<;)) t!;axoAou901laav ltapalJlCl1v.a t1\v lt6.A1] tO~ y,a tliv tlt,xpat1]m. Kata lJUvtlt£,av autol ltoil txpla91]<Jav W<; i>!tO\jfij""Ol, altOUAoOaav flU "ltopoO<J£ va Itfj xav£l<;, t1\v ltaAa,a cppoupa. Tropa ltoil 01 ataA'Vlatal dxav 9ta£, xcitCll altO to m6£pav,o lMrx:O tOU<; to nOA""ItUpro, alt£cpa(J\aav va txjl,aaouv tliv alto"axpuV<J\ tlDv JlouMutlDv autlDv alto t1\ BouAij. r,a to lJICOItO auto t!;£l'£taAMiJ9'1OUv.",a OA6XA1]P1] emp« itltO £uxa,pl£<; xal £uvoixt<; y,' autoil<; xataataa£,<;. til"cpCllva "t tO~ xavoVla"o~ tfj<; BouAfj<; o[ JlouMumltcp' 6aov dXav txMyfj vo"I,,~, xatdxav xal 6,at1]poOaav tl<; l5p£<; tCllV av£l;apt'lta alto ItOAmxt<; 5,a",Cllvl£<; ... tijv ljy£ala toO xo""at6<; tCllV. '0 "OVO<; VO",,,O<; tpolto<;"(\a va alto"axpuv900v 01 jlouMutal altO t1\ BouA1\, 1'ltaV tv5£xol'tv1] xata5lx1] tOU<; yHi xalto,o ltO'VlXO ltapUlttCll"a. To 9t"a Itoil auv£XavtpCllV£ tl<; It£p,aaoups<; ltI9avot1]t£<; y,a va toil<; 'Pap'1 at 5iJ<JICOA1] 9aa" 1'ltaV to alcilVlo ut9VlXO ~ijt1]"a)). To nOA""ltUpO> .AO,ItOV, y,a "Hi 'Pop« axo"a, aijxClla£ t1\ lJ'lJ1Ula tfj<; Maxs6ov,xfj<; xal epa1Clxfj<; av£!;apt1]<rla<;.

ata

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Ot i:A.A.l]VtKi:e; o.pxi:e;, llij EXOVme; yvwatv 'wv eaoottptKWV OtXOVOtWV 'OU KOllllOUvtanKou lCollllatoe; lCai o.Otacpopmvmc; yto. A.E1t,ee; OtaAEKttlCee; OtaKp[aEte;, EpAE1taV 1l0VO '0 o.1tO,i:AEalla, Ol]AaOT], 'T]V 1l7toKlvl](H tvoe; Oi:llatoC; 1tOU 111tOpOUaE vo. 1tpOKa).£alJ 'T]v o.1to=aat i:OVtKWV eoacpwv. Elvat aXEOOv EOlllO crtijv tA.Al]VtlCT] 1tOAttlKij vo. OEoopoUV,at 01 ev ,ij BOUAij ijyE,at tvoe; lColllla,(OS roC; of EK1tP0O'(l)7tOl Kat tvaaplCOltai '["rov crK01tWV toU. 1:uVE1tWe; ij EUOUVl] yto. 'T]V 1tpOKA.l]nKij a,o.at 'OU IIoAltllltUpm E1tEa& atoUe; WllOUe; 'wv lCollllOUVta,rov pou4u,rov. 'H o.V'tiopaate; ,rov 'EAAT]VOOV 1tOAtnKWV ijy&,rov l')mv o.lCptproe; ao,ij 1tOU el1(& 1tPOP).£IjIEl '0 IIoAltllnupOJ. 1:,ie; 7 6ElC&IlPplou 1927 0 0&oooopD<; ToupKopaaiAl]e;, onoupyoe; '0'& 'fie; 6llCaLOaUVl]e;, lCa'EO&a& evmmov 'fie; BouAfie; lCamyy&A1aV evav,tov 'wv BOUA.EU'WV 1:. Mo.~tllOU, K. 0EOU, 'EA.. 1:muplol], '1. B&vtoupa, N. KuplalCOnOUA.Ou, 'A. 1:,volCa lCat M1t&l(o.p 1:oMv. MOAte; 1tplv o.no Aiy&e; llEp&e; 0 Elaan&4lle; 'ECP&,rov elXE ~l],ijaEt 0.1t0 ,ijv BOUA.T] vo. i:m,pi:ljIl] ,"v 1tOIVllC" Oi~l 'WV 'P'WV liAAOlV lCOllllouvtcr,wv POL>AEU'Crov

nanUVlKOA.a.OU, I.

Krovu'tuVtlvi01l Kal

A. XaivoYAoU lli: ,"v lCa'l]yopia 'fie; l>1toVollEl>aEooe; 'ou 1:uV,o.Ylla'Oe;. 22 Ao,o eaijllavE ,ijv Evap~t lltlie; lCo.1tOlC; o.auvE'l]e; eKa,pa'Eiae; yul. vo. o.nopAl]OOUV o.no ,ij BouA." oi lCOllllOUVtaml pOUA&Umi. 'H o.1taitl]ate; vo. o.pOij ti o.cruA[a 'wv lCollllOUvta,Wv pou4u,wv, &ar& vo. l>no.p~l] ouva,o'l]e; 1tOIV'lCfie; 'OlV O,m~&OlC;, o1t&a'l]p[x0l] o.n' oAa ,0. ilEAl] 'fie; KUpEpvijaEOlC; 1:uvaamallou. Kai 01l0le; omv lipXtaE ij cru~ij'l]ate; eni 'ou OEllatoe; a,ij BOUAij a,ie; 12 6EK&IlPpiou 1927, aOtoi 1tOU EAapav lli:poe; oi:v o.KOAOi>Ol]aav aacp&!e; lCollllatllCte; lCa'&UOl>va&te;. Au,ij l'),av ij npffi'l] cpopo. 1tOU '0 EAAl]vtlCO lCOtVOPOUALO aU~l] toua& '0 lCOllllOUVtcrttKO npOpA.l]lla a,,,v 'EAMoa o.VOtlC'o. lCai OtE~oOtlCa. 0[ Ol]AmaEle; ao,wv 1tOU EA.apaV 'ov Myo, EO&t~aV on ll7tfipX& o.plC&'" liyvola toU OElla'D<;. 'H cru~ij'l]atC; EOEtXV& Eva o.1tWavo lCplilla V&UptlCO'l]'D<; o.no. lCai ciO,acpopiae;, i:Vl]l'Epma-&Ole; o.na lCai o.yvoiae;. '0 r&mpyLOe; Aaoue;, O,alC&Kptlli:voe; cp,44l>O&po<; Pou4u,ije;, tni:lCptVe ille; tacpaA.llEVl] mKttlC"ij 'OV Oopupo yl>pOl o.no '0 OElla 'fie; MalC&oovtlCfie; o.ve~ap'l]olae;, evip CPUatlCa '0 lCOllllOUVtattlCo lColllla otv Tjmv &te; Oi:atV vo. o.n&tA"ijal] olhe lCa,a '0 EA.aXtato ,ijv EoacptlC" o.lC&patO'l]m 'fie; xmpae;. 'Xn&VOUllta& 22. 'E lp '1 Jl E P l. ~ 't (i) v 1: u ~ '1 t" il (J' E (() V T i'l c; B 0 I.>A. ~ ~, npO>T~ nEpioScx;, l1E",tpo LUVOSCX;, 1927 - 1928, (JEA.. 253·452.

a,olle; cruvaoi:A.cpOue; ,ou Ott 01 KOllllOUVtcrtal pou4u'tai

9u ltv'tlKaei<J't"QV't"o, KUta. 'l'tuaav 1t19avot'ltQ Cl1tO

linoue; lCOllllOUvta,<I.c; llt o.va1tA.l]pOlllaTIKij ElCA.Oyij. To IlOVO 0.1tO,EA.eaW1 00. elval,1tpOaEOEa&, vo. Ol]IlLOUPy"ijaOlll& ((VEOUe; ijpOl&e; lCal vo. toUe; ooulle at A.iya XPOVlU Kal ll1tOUpyoUC;».23 'Ano til. 12l'i:Al] 'fie; BouA.fie; nou EA.apaV 'ov Myo,

'0 .AAtE. nonovooTooiou, 6 I. MCTOEoc Koi 0 novoync

tvw OUZflTOUV Tr'}V oUyKp6TI1OlV Ku8cpv,;oE:WC ouv£pyooioc TOV NOE:1J6plov TaU 1926. 'H Ku6epvllolc wpKioBIl T£AIKWC: niv 4r)v 6EKEIJ6piou IJt npoKo8wPIOl..ltvouc oKonouc 1) T~V tnlKUPWOIV Koi Tpononoi'1olV TOU KOTOpTlo8eVTOC uno Tfle TPIOKOVT0I..lEAOUC enlTponflc Tfle lJ.' 'E8vooUVEAEUOEWC IUVTOYIJOTOC, 2) T.,V tnovocpop6v de TO OTp6TEUIJO nov 6ElWIJOTlKWV nOli dxov onOIJOKpUV8il ana T~V 'EnOVOOTOTlK.,v Ku6epv'1OlV TOU 1922 Koi TOC IJETenEITo Ku6Epv,;oE1e, 3) Tr,V OIJOKOTOOTOOIV TOO KOIVO· 60UAEUTIKOO nOAlTEUIJOTOe Koi 4) T.,V tEuyiovOIV Tile oiKOVOlJioe. 'H Ku6tpvIlOle ouvEPyaoiae EiXE KPI8i) IJOvll AUOle IJETO TO onoTtAEOIJO TWV eKAoywv Tile 7'lC NOEIJ6piou 1926, Eie Toe onoioe KOVtVQ KOIJIJO 6tv eneTUXE ollT05uvoIJoV nAEIOlV'1CPiov. T oo~56PflC

we .;

tWEa t~&Ol]A.mOl]aav lCa,o. ,ije; nOt VtlCfie; olm~eOle; 'wv lCOllllOUVtcrtWv pou4u,wv, lCupiOle; paat~OIlEVOt crt"ij crKi:ljlt Ott '0 vo. o.lCOA.ouOfi Eva lColllla 1l0A.ttllCij o.vnnaOfi a,o A.ao, otv 0.1to,&4! lCal EylCA.l]lla. Movov <vae; Pou4u,"ije;, 0 Euayy&A.oe; Maxaipac;, lliA.l]cre lle 'P01tO 1tOU llap,upoucre 1tpaYllattKij lCamVOl]at 'wv O&lla,OlV 1tOU l>1telCplmtovto. '0 Maxaipae; ""0 Epya'l]e;, 1tpml]v ypalllla'&Ue; 'fie; r1:EE. 'E~UlP&ttlC" lCa,a1lA.l]~t np03KU4a& a' ElC&lvoue; 1tOU np6a&~av '0 Myo 'ou Maxaipa ij yvmlll] on Tj K.E. 'ou KKE Ylo. MyouC; 1tOU ij~ep& ij iota, ijOeA.& vo. npolCaMal] ,"ijv 1tOlVtKT] OiOl~t ,rov KOllllouvla,wv pouA.€U,ii\v. 'EnEatl]a& ,"ijv npoaox"ij 'fie; BouA.fie; a,6 yeyovoc; On " KeV,ptlCij 'E1lnpo1lij elXe ol]llOalElmet tll1tpl]attlCi:e; 1tPOKl]pU~&te; llt '0 ai'l]lla 'fie; o.ve~apt01l01"ijaeOle; 'fie; MaKeooviac; lCai elX& opyavm23. A u"t 6 9 1, ad.. 365.

O'tl ltPOxA.1]ttKte; OIU01]AOOO'tle; £sro altO to KtlplO tile; BOUAile; tvii> listpt ltOAll KUAa Ott 01 tvtP'Ytl~ t1]e; otv 1')tUV OUVUtOV ltapU va tsayplOOO'ouv tOUe; JloUAtUtUc;. (('AKOj!1] Kai 0 a<ptMO'ttpoc; tillv av9pOOltrov yvropl~tl>J, O'UVtx'O't 0 Muxalpae;, ((On liv to KOj!j!OUVlatlKO KOj!j!a li9tAt ltpayj!anKa va alto<puYl] t1'1 Olrol;1] tillv ~oUAtutillv toU, 9a dxt O'Uj!lttpl<ptp9il OIU<popttlKa, Mv 9J, Yla va UltOO't1]plS1] to tnlXtlp1]j!a tOU, ana ltOO'OI "En1]vte; ltOAltlKol tile; tltoxile; tKtlv1]e;. tlxuv avOIStl ltOtt tOy ((Pl~OO'ltaat1]>J £O'tro Kui j!iu <popa ; ,Avt<ptp91] O'tle; Olaj!axte; j!ttasu tije; 1'1ytO'iue; toll KOj!j!Utoe; Kui tillv lCOj!j!OUVIO'tillv ~OUAtutillv lCui £Kuvt tlollC1'1 j!vtla toil On 0 Mastj!oe; tlxt ltpoO'lCA1]9ij va tj!<puvIO'9ij tvOOltlOV tile; KOj!IVttpV Kai dxt apv1]9ij.((Elj!ul lttlttlO'j!tVoc;», O'Uvtlttpavt. ((on to lCOj!j!ouvlO'nlCo lCOj!j!U otv tltl9uj!tr ltMov t1'1v ltapouO'lu tillv JlouAtutiiiv uutiiiv O'tO KOI VO~OUAlO. ITlO'ttUW alCoj!u Ott Mv ltptlttl va ~01]91'10'0uj!t tj!tre; to lCOj!j!OUVlatllCO lCOj!j!U va ltpuyj!utoltol1'1O'1] ta 'O'xtOla tOU>J. '0 Maxuipae; 1')taV 0 j!ovoe; alto OAOUe; tlCtivoue; ltOU ltilpuV j!tpoe; O't1'1 O'u~1'1t1]O'lltoU 1')tUV ltpayj!UnlCa tV1]j!tpwj!tvoe;, lCal oj!roc; it oj!IAla tOU Mv lCutOOp9(j)Q't va tlt1]ptaO'1] at lKUVOltOI1]tl1CO ~u9j!0 t1'1 O'lCtljll tillv j!tyaAoO'x1'1j!wv P1]tOProv ltOU tOV aKOAou91]O'uv O'tO ~ijj!u. ITpo<puviiie; ot "EAA1]Vte; ElCtLVOl

1927. 'H npol)oTIKrl nOAlTlK'; TOU KKE tic TO Zr'}TflVC TrlC MOK£50vioc Koi 0p6Kl")C onooxoAEi VlCi np<inf) <papa 00-

6op6 TriV 'EMr)VIKri 8ou"I}. .AVWTtpw 6 'AACE. nonovoOTooiou tvw KOTEU9uVE:TOI npoe TrlV Sou)..rl Bla vo I.lET6ox., Tr;c QUZr)Tr,OEWC.

ltOAltllCol t9tropollO'uv to My" tvoe; ltpOO1]V tpyatoU avaSIO tije; ltpoO'oxije; troy. ,AltavtOOvtae; O'tie; lCut1]yoplte; 0 I:tpCl<ptlj! MaSIj!Oe;,ltOU avtyvwpl~tto <l>c; itytt1]e; tije; lCOlVO~OU24. A

u 't 6 9 I,

O&A.

452.

AtunK1'ie; oj!aOoe;, altt<puyt ltPOO'tlCttKG yo. ltap1] O'a<pil 9tO'l Eltavro atO t9vIKO ~itt1]j!a. I\(yo ltplv alto t1'1v £VIlPSl tile; mX;1]t1'1O'troc;. 0 Xaltiie; tlxt ltA1]po<pop1'1O'tl tOUe; lCOj!j!OUVlO'tUc; ~OUAtUtae; Ott O'uj!<provu j!t t1'1v alto<puO'I tile; KtvtpllCije; 'Eltltpoltije; £ltptltt va imoO't1]plSOUV 9appaMu to O'uv91]j!u tije; MaKtOOVlKije; lCai 0palCllCije; avtSupt1]O'lae;, ((aVtSapt1]ta altO tie; O'Uvtlttlte;>J. '0 Maslj!Oe; yvropl~ovtue; ltOAll KUAo. ta tAat1'1pla ltlO'ro altO uut1'1 t1'1v alto<puO'I, 1'1yvo1]O't t1'1v "lt60tlSl toil XUltii. 'Epwt1]9tie; altO tOV rtOOpylO ITaltavoptou, yo. o1]AOOO'1] ltOla tlVOl it 9tO'le; tOU O'tO MalCtOOvllCC'> ~1'1 r1]j!a, 0 MaSlj!Oe; alt1'1vt1]O't on to KKE tuvooilO't altAille; t1'1v uutoou19tO'l Kai Ott 0 oPoc; ((avtsapt1]O'la>J otv tlxt XP1]0'1j!OltOI1]9il ltOtt alto to lCOj!j!U. I:tl~te; OMKA1]pte; altO lCoj!j!unlCa £yypa<pa alttOtllCWuv to avtl9tto. '0 'Iroavv1]e; Mttasiie;, Elttj!tlVt lttPlO'O'OttpO atO O'1]j!trO aUtO, j!t to yvwO'tO tou OUVIlj!IO'j!O Kai tltlj!ov1'1· METAEAI:: Ti tvotrtal OtaV Mtt aUtoOl<i9tO'l ; Mitltroc;ltpottlvttt va pWt1'1O'oUj!t tOUe; "En1]vte; lCatollCOUe; tile; MalCtoovlae;, liv 9tAOUV va tylCataAtlIj10uv t1'1v 'EAAaOa: . MA:::IMOI:: Mv j!ltopollj!t va protitO'ouj!t j!ovo tOue; -En1]vte;, ltptlttl va pwt1'1O'ouj!t OAOUe; tOUe; MaKtOovte;. META:::AI:: Mt una AOyla 9t4« va ltij« Ott 9a £ltptltt va prot1'1O'roj!t OAOUe; toue; lCato[lCOUe; tije; MalCtOovlae; "En1]vte;. I:tp~oue;, alCoj!1] lCai toUe; BouAyapoue;, liv it ltAtloljl1]<Pla 9tA'I t1'1v autoOla9tO'l Ii 0Xl lCai liv it ltAtlOIjl1]<Plu 9tA1] t1'1v aUtoOla9tO'l, tort 9' aVaYlCaO'ttt toUe; lCutollCOUpile; tAA1]VlKile; MalCtOovlue; va ltpoaot9011v O'tO lipj!a tvoe; vtou lCpatOUe;, j!' OAO ltOU dVUl OUVUtOV va tljl1'1<plO'uv tvuvtlov tile; AUO'troc; uUtije;; ElvUI EtO'l Ii otv tlVUl; '0 Mlil;lj!oc; altt<puyt va altavtitO'1]. Moupj!oupurt j!uO'O'1]j!tvu on otv 1')taV Upj!60IOe; va .j!IAitO'1] Yla ta ~OptlU O'uvopu tije; 'EAAaOoc; Kui on otv 1')tav lCaAa tV1]j!tproj!tvoe; lttlvro O'tO 9tj!u. 'Qj!OAOY1]O't ltaVtWe; on it tAA1]VllC1'1 MUlCtoovlu ((lCUtOllCtrtUl lCuplwe; alto "EAA1]Vte;... >J... Kul j!aAIO'ta ltpoO't9tO't, ((j!t t1'1v tsulptO'l j!liie; ltoAil j!IKpije; j!tlOljI1]<plae;, OAoc; O'XtMv 0 ltA1]9uO'j!oe; dVUl tAA1]VllCOe;>J." '0 MaSlj!Oe; ltpo<puvi1lc; ltaptltOlt. '0 ' AMsuvopo<; ITaltuvaatuO'(ou, tVlle; UAAo<; olCllCtlCplj!tvoe; <p144u9tpo<; itytt1]e;, ltapttitp1]O't on ((<PUlVttal It<l>c; imUPXtllCUltOlU olCl<pwvlu tVtOe; toll KKE tlti toll 9tj!uto<;>J Kui ElttO't1]O't t1'1v ltpoO'ox1'1 tije; BouAije; O'tO ytyovoe; Ott "tstXOvtU attMX1] tOillCOj!j!Uto<;, Oltroe; tlval 0 KopOUto<; lCui UnOl, titt altt~Ait91]O'uv altO 25. A iJ t 6 9 1, aeA. 368.

KOflfla shs a1tSOUpOl]OaV fle tt\v OeAl]oiv tCllV, aKpl ~w<; £TtetBt\ Bla'l'Cllvoiloav erri toil ~l]tt\flatO<; tOUtOU». '0 MaStflO<; 'Kavs flla ts4utala aoOSVtK" 1tPO""aOsla VO: oUYKaA61j1lJ t"V B,aflaXl] 1toil tflalvsto J,LEaa 0''[0 x:OJlJ.1U iOU. «Til crnYlJl1 aU'[11», tInE, <OJ1tEpaom~oflaOtS til ypaflfl" toil KOflflatO<; Klli Mv slflaOtS Otate9SlflevOl VO: avaKateljlCllflS ti<; tvBOKOflflanKe<; fla<; Bta'l'ope<; at" OU~"tl]Ot ailt" ..». Ts4i(Oos tiJv OfltAia tOU XCllpi<; va a1taVt"ol] crt"v tpootl]en, /i.v to KOflflOUVtOnKO KOflfla suvoouos tOV a1toXCllptOflO tij<; 'Enl]VtKij<; MaKsBovla<; Kai epO:Kl]<;. TO: lina fleAl] toil KOflflato<; aKoAo69l]oav t"V IB,a ySVtKt\ Katsu9uvot ot!<; OfltAis<; toU<;. LUVS'l'oovl]oav on fJ 'EAAl]VlK" MaKsBovla slxs &AAl]VlKO KupilO<; 1tAl]OUOflO, ano: tlxav avnppfJosI<; 00<; 1tpo<; t"V avtaAAay" tWV ltAl]9u,,!!wv, ltoil «tlxs flSta~li4t tOV tOVtKO xapaKtijpa tij<; MaKsBov(a<;». '0 LtaupiBl]<; apvfJ9l]KS va AO.~l] to 1..6yo fl' 01..0 ltoil tOV ltpOOEK0:4os 0 ITposBpo<; tij<; BouAij<;. LKSlttOtav KtOAa<; VO: tYKataAslIjIl] to KOflfla. 'A1t' oAou<; tOil<; KOflflOUVtcrtO:<; ~ouASUtO:<; flOVOV 0 eeo<; fliAl]OS oo:v «1tpaYflanKo<; KOflflOUVtOtfJ<;». -E'I'sps a1to to 1t~OBpOflto OtO ~ijfla tij<; BouAij<; to: 1ttO 'l'tl]vo: KOflflouvlonKa ouv9fJflata Kai lipXlos VO: tnoSSUl] xuBals<; ~plole<; tvaVtiov oACllv tWV liAACllv KOflflO:tCllV. XpSUIOtl]KS VO: OtaKOltij t\ ouvsBpiaol<; ylO: 5 4lttO: ylO: VO: altoKlltaota9ij fJ to:SI<;. 'H OUflltSpl'l'opo: toil eeou Bl]flloupysl tt\v oa'l'ij tVtUltCllen on ltpO"'tllOOUOS OKOltlfla VO: tsayptoool] til BouA" Kai VO: alt0SSVooOl] <lKOfla Kai tKslvou<; toil<; ~ou4UtO:<; ltOU t\taV Btats9sIflevoI VO: IjIl]'I'(crouv KatO: tij<; Xop'l" yt\os(O<; <lBtia<; ylO: t"V ltOIVIK" M(OSI tWV KOflfloUVIcrtwv ~ou4utwv. Ltoil<; aflufJtOu<;, t\ tsop"YtonKt\ «ltllpacrtaoL<;» toil eeou t\tav tSAdCll<; aKataVOl]tl]. Kai ofllO<; /i.v t"V avnflStCllltlol] Kavsi<; oe ouvouaoflO fle ti<; oxecrsL<; tOU ltpO<; t"V LtaALVLKt\ oflaBa ltoil tltL9uflOilos t"V avnKata.Otaen tWV ~OUAEUtWV toil 'EVCllfl&VOU Mstoo1toU fle liAAOU<; mo 'flltLcrtOU<; KOflflOUVlotO:<;, t\ OUflltSPL'I'OPa. toil e&OU tsl]ysltllL silKoAootata. 'H BouA" avultolttl] '''IlLSS to lta,xviB, tWV LtaA'VLKWV. 126 ~u4utai tljlfJ'I'toav Kal fle OlJflaVnK" lt4LOIjIl]'I'(a <llteoupav t"V ~ou4unK" <louAla <lltO toil<; KOflflOUVLcrtO:<; ·~ou4Uta.<;. :::SXCllPLOt" IjIl]q>o'l'opia 'yLVS yU1 Ka.OS tva ~OUAEUtfJ. ot Buo (opal]AIts<; ~ou4Utai alto til esocraAovlKl] EAa~av tOV flEyaAutspo <lpL9flO BUOflSVWV IjI"q>CllV, 95 ltpo<; 31. Movo 0 Ma.SLflO<; yA6t(O(J"s tltstB" Mv tv&KpLVaV t"V lipo, tij<; aouA(a<; «1 2/3 tWV "apOVtCllV touAa.XlotOv".

26. npaK"tlKCt 't(i)v I\l~l1tliaECJ)v. np<htll ne:p(oO"', .iEuttpa l:i>voO"', 1927 - 1928 ('A6~VIlI, 'E6v1K6v TOltoypa~Elov, 1928), TOfl. II, " .... 299.

Kal ilfllO<; oi KOflflOUVlOtai ~ou4utai oev tOloox9l]oav Kal tSAtKa., <lltsKatsota.9l]oav. To flOVO alto' t&4ofla toil tltstooBiou autoil, ltoil flltOpsl vo: xapaKtl]pLOOij tOUAO.xtOtOV ~ <ltuxe<;. 1'JtO va 000;; crtoil<; KOflfloUVlOta<; liq>90vo Klli tVtUltCllOLaKO OAlKO yLO: ltp0ltaya.vBa.

H NEA HrELIA KAl TO EeNIKON ZHTHMA LtO: t945 0 ZaxapLaBl]<;, oe flLO: tltiO"SL Ka9uotePl]f1&VOU ltatpLCllncrfloil, tBfJACllos: «'Alto to 1931 ltoil aV&Aa~a t"V fJyeoia toU. to tnl]VtKO KOflflOU-

'0 ·ApXI1Yoc TaU 1\0;I<OU K6~I.ICTOC nOVOYrlC Tco>.66PI1C I(oi 6 tK TWV OT£VWTtpwv ouve:pyonjjv TOU ~rll.J. MciEll.loc. KQTO cpwToypacpiav TOU 1934.

vLcrnKo KOflfla <llteppLIjIS to tuv9l]fla tij<; MaKSBoVLKij<; Kai epaKLKij<; avssaptl]cr(a<;, Kal tooPIl ylO: flla <lKOfla 'l'Opo: Ol]AooVSt on fJ MaKsBovia elvaL Kai 00: flElVl] tAAl]VLKfJ»27. 27. A a 1 K 11

4> co v 'Ii. 25 'OKlmppiou 1945.

npo'llaviiit; t~a"i~&,o "'0 Y&YOVOt; 5n " ~y6.A'1 otA&lo'l''1'llla mil tn'1v.Koil Aaoil iic,&p& tM:x.",a ItpaYflam "X&nKa f1l: '0 ltap&ASOV ,oil KOlllla'Ot;, "UlIlt&PLAafll3a\'OlIeV'1t; Kai 'fit; alto'lla,,&OOt;, Kai flaA.",a 01l0'llro\OU, 'fit; ,&nip''1t; 'OAo~AEiat; ltOU tA,,'llS'1 UltO 'itv «Vea "y&"ia» ,oil NiKOU Zaxapuio,]. 'H ,&,ap,'1 'OA0f1l:AEla ltOU cruvflAB& "Ti) XaAKioa 'ov "'&Kell~P\O ,oil 1931, ti,av OU",a"nKa " ltpOl''1 /;lti"'1I1'1 "uv&Opia"'t; 'fit; A&y0Il£V'1t; v£at; ,,y&criat; ,oil KKE ltOU &IX& OlOp'''Sfi altO 'itv KOIIlV'£pV '0 ltP0'1YOUII&\·o 'llS.vo"oopo. I;'it "UV&opia". au'it 0 av,,,,p:'>"OOltOt; 'fit; KOfl'V'£PV, EVUt; r&PllavOt; KOliflOUV."'itt; YV<OO1:6<; liE '0 ovolla rKpoil~, av&'ll£pS'1 "'0 alro\lto /;SV.KO ~"''1l1a Kai lIa"dyoo,,& aAUlt'1,a OAOUt; mut; ltP0'1youlI£VOUt; "yET", ,oil KOlllla,Ot;, xoopit; /;c,aip&"., Ka''1Y0pOlv,at; '0 KKE on «OEV /;ltflp& /;V&pyo II£POt; ,,'ov EltaVa"mnKO ayiiiva y.a /;SV.Kit alt&A&USEpOO'" ,iiiv Aaiiiv ltOU Ka,altl£~ovm. alto mut; 'En'1V&t;».'" 'AVTaltOKplVOII£V'1 ,vmva AOrta mil rKpoil~&, " 'OAolI£AEla /;'I''''lll''& Ilia altO ,it; "acp£",&p", allocp6.(J£l~ ROi> OLU'tlntffiOS notE; to KKE 1Uivro <no tSVIKO S£fla. «'H 'EAAciOa &lval Eva ifllt&plaAl"nKo Kpa'Ot; ltOU EX&1 Ka,aM~&1 flE 'it ~ia OMKA'1pet; It&PLOXEt; Ka'OIK'1f1l:Vet; altO liAAEt; /;SVOTI]'"' (MaK&Oovia Kai 0p<iK'1). 'Ev 6vOlian ,iiiv ~mKOOv apxOOv mil IIltoA"e~IKl"fl.oil ,6 KOlillouvl"nKo KOllfla 'fit; 'EAAaOat; OlaK'1pu""&1 yU1 TIl MaK&Oovia Kai 'it 0paK'1 '0 o6vS'1l1a 'fit; aUmOlaS&"'1t; ltOU "UliltePlAall~aV&' Kai '0 XOOpl"1I0 alto ,6 'En'1VlKO Kpamt; Kai UltO"''1pi~el /;V&pya 'ov /;ltaVa",anKo ayOOva milltA'1eu"lI oil ,iiiv lteplOXiiiv au,iiiv Yla 'itv /;SVlKit mut; alteAEuS£pw,,'1"...

",a

'H altocpamt; auTi) alte'£AE"& Ti) ~a". 'fit; ltOAlnKflt; mil KOfllla,Ot; yU1 liAAa ,plalll"U xpoVLa. Tl)v liVOlC,1 Of1Wt; mil 1935 EylV& 11'0. Pl~IKit anayl). 'Elti lila oeKaeTia Kai ltAtOV I) ",a"lt; ,oil KKE yilpOO altO '0 ManoovLKo Kai 0paKlKO ~1)''1l1a &lxe aflUupro"&1 'itv elKova ,oil KOlillamt; ",a lI,hla mil tn'1vl1coil Aaoil lit lila ~apela OKla ltpoOo",at;. rU1 ltOnOUt; 'En'1vet;, fl/; ap.",&pi~ou,,", ltOAmK" Kai KOlVOOVlK/;t; aV'nAI)'I'elt;, I) cruvepyacria flE mUt; KOlillouv""Eo; Itapou",a~omv '&AElooo; alt&;tSl)o;, aKpl~ooo; /;c, ai,iat; 'flo; SE"&OOt; ltOU &IXe ltap&. '0 KOlilia "'0 ~1)''1l1a ,oil alt0Xoopl"1I0il tAA'1VlKOOV /;oa'lliiiv. KaSe "o~apl) ltpOmtci9&la va lopu9f1 Eva 'Evlato METOOltO /;K ,iiiv Ka,OO Kai EK ,OOv livoo "mv Ka,aOlKa-

"1I£V'1 "E altotuxL. E'll' 5"ov '0 KOlilia Ec,aKoAouSoO"e va &IvaI '0 KOlilia 'flo; ."pooo"iaO;ll. Tov 'AltpiAlO ,oil 1935 ",pi,'1 'OAolI£AE.a 'fit; K&v,p'Kflo; 'EltLTpo"flc; EyKa'£AE''I'& /;lti"'1fla '0 "UVS'1l1a Yla lila aV&C,ap,'1''1 MaK&oovla Kai ,,'it SE"1 'au UloS£''1"e '0 o6v9'1fla «altOAU''1 l"o''1m Yla ,io; ~lOVO''1'&o;». To KOlilia &IX& aVaKaAU'I'el c,a'llvlKa 5n «"'0 'flfllla 'flo; MaK&Oovlao; ltOU ~pi "K&,al Ka,OO altO tAA'1VlKO EAEHO EXouv tyKam"mSfi 'En'1v&o; ltpo,,'lluy&o; Kai "ltAElO'I''1'llla mil ltA'1SU"floil "1)1I&pa &IvaI tn'1VlK". 'H anayl) ",I)v /;9\,OAOYlKI) o6vS&,,'1 'ilo; £AA'1VlKflo; MaK&Ooviao;,

crt

30.I:!t.KQ

28.

n f;

t t

29. NEoC;

X p 6v

ad.. 42.

P1Co<f1tQ.a't'll;.5 MaP'tiou 1932.

"U v 0 Ua " II 0 II E '0 v v " 'll a " I "nK 0 K a i a v , • It A &III K 0 a y & v a, a It a It E I 'tTtv avtTK.utUO"tUall toO n:UAUlOU (J\)v9~J1a't<><;»30 'H ltpaYflUnKI) /;C,itY'l"lo; Yla ,I) ~,a~oAit 'ilo; ltoAtnKflo; ,oil KOllflU'Ot; lta\l(l) ",6 /;It(flaxo au,o S£fla &Up(OK.,m "'0 Ultoypaflfll"f1l:vO 'flflfla 'ilo; ltP0'1YOUIIEV'1o; ltapaypa'llou. '0 I"XUpl"flOo; 5n '0 KOllfla /;yKa'£AE"'& ,I)v 9£,,1 'ou "aVOO "'0 MaKeOoVlKO ~"''1l1a 'ltOU ,I)v &IX& Kpa,I)"&1 It&1''lIanKa 'O"OV Kalpo flOVO Kai 1I0VO /;It&IOI) linac,e " /;SvoAOYlKI) "uvSe",o; 'fit; It&plOxflt;, timv '0 Aly<ilT&PO a'll,;A"o;. 'H avmnayi) ,OOv ltA'1SucrIlOOV Kai " /;YKa,a",a"'t; ,OOv 'ltpo"'lluyoov ",I) MaK&Oovia elxav 11&,a~aAAEl 'itv teVOAOYIKI) "uvSe", 'flo; It&plOxflo; 'OUAaXl"mV oEKa XPovla ltpiv 5mv 6 mupKIK6<; "A'1eu"lIoo; &IX& 'llUY&1 Yla 'itv ToupKia Kai 01 'EAA'1V&o; altO 'itv MlKpa 'A"ia &Ixav ltap&l ,"v S£m mu. ,AKofla Kai 0 upa'lleijl Mac,tIlOO;, "'I) olacpoovia 'au liE 'ov Mavou"AOKI "'0 50 naYKo"fllO I;UV£OPIO 'flo; KOfl'VT£PV '0 1924, &IXe avayvoop("el 5n " £AA'1VllCit MalCeoov(;x &Ixe tn'1VlKO ltA'1SU"1I0. '0 "paYflanKoo; AOY0o; Yla TI)V tylCaTaAEl'l'l ,oil MaKeOovlKoil cruvS"lIa,oo; "mv " alto'llamo; 'flo; KOIIIV' 'SPy va altoouSfi crt lila lCaSoAllC" 'ltpo"ltci9&la Yla '0 "X'1flan"flO tvoo; t\ltaiou M&,"",ou tIC ,oo" Ka,OO Kai tlC ,OOv livoo. I;'l)v 'EAMoa '0 "uVS'1l1a y 0 titv avec,ap''1"la 'flo; MalC&Oov(at; Kai 'ilo; 0po.K'10; ",av '0 'ltLO "o~apo /;lIltOolO Yla 'it O'1l1lOupy(a ,oil Me,roltou. ' AAAa Eva 'Evlato M£,oo"o dxe "OAU ~yaAU'&P'1 "oAmKI) crnouoal6T'1m alto OltOlao"lto,e "AEOV&lC'''flam IIltOpoil,,& 'UXov va ltpO,,'ll£P'1 " lCOflflouvl"nlC" O'1l1ayooy(a ava~"a "toUo; «MaK&06v&o;». 01 KOIILTa'~flo", 'flo; IMPO &lxav ltaU"&1 "po ltonoil va cruV&pya~oovnn flt ,I)v K OIlIVT£pV. 'H "uvepya"ia IMPO - KOII'VT£pv dxe olapKE"&1 1I0VO A(YOUo; lIilveo; '0 lCaAo.

~tvta.

Xp6V1Q

'Ayoo vtc;. 1935-1945 (dOJCOU--

"EJCc5o(nc; K.evt'PllC:~<; 'E1tl-rponf1<; KKE, 1946) O"EJ... 66. 'Ecpsl;ftc; : !1 tIC a X p 6 v 1 a .A "( (1) V E C;. "15£ bianc; KoJ!t7l. 'Ap. 17, I ASK&~pplou 1935.

~ .

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Ai £KAOyoi Tr;c: 251)<:: IenTElJ6p;ou 1932 tcr'lIJovav oo6apov nTWOlV TOU KOlJlJaTOC: TWV

¢IIAe:AEu8tpwv TO anoiov tKtplSlOE IJOVOV 100 tn; ouv6)..ou 250 t5pwv. Eic TOUC E:KAey£vToc ne:plEAo\-l66voVTO Koi 5£1(0 TOU un6 KOIJIJOUVIOTIKOV £AE:VXOV AoiKOO lJETWnou. 'H ouvBcolc TI)C BouA"c: KoBioTO ovano<p£uKTOV TOV OxrllJOTIOIJOv Ku8Epv~oEwc: ouvaonl0lJou. ~ Enpene: OlJwc: v6 npoIW'18r; ri avayvwplolc. Tiic: •A6aoiAeuTou t:..I1IJOKpCTiac: tK IJ£pouc: TOU I\.OiKOO KOIJlJoToc;. TOllTa tytVETO Tr;V 3'l" 'OKTW6piou 1932 IJ£ tnloTOAr;V TOO n. TooA56PI1 npoe: TOV npoe::5pov TflC: 6.rWoKpOTiac:.. AVlintpw TO jJtAl) Tr;c BouAiic: TOO 1932. l110KpivETOl 6 ToaA56p'1C: 5£Eu) eic: Trlv npun., OElp6. TtTOpTOC: tE OplOTEpWV &iVOI 6 SElJ. IOqlOUAI1C.

Kaipl to;) 1924. ME til OOAocpovia toil Tovtol' 'AA&SaVol'OlCP Kat ti]v livooo toil 'I~av MtXai]AillCP crti]v i]y&cria til<; IMPO t'J ataiplacrtT] crOl1l1axia KatEI'I"'ucr&. '0 M1xai]A.illCP ;;yLV& to opyavo til<; itaA1Kil<; ESillt&plKil<; ltOA.lttKil<; m:a BakK<1Vla. or K0l1l1oUV1crtal Ol1ill<;, Elti al'K&ta XPOVla l1&ta alto ti]v Kat<1l'P&OcrL til<; Ecpi]I1&I'T]<; «<Jt)l1l1axia<;>l tillV I1E ti]v IMPO, EsaKoAou90ilcrav va EAlt(~OOV on " UltOcrti]PlSlI; EK I1EpOOe; tillV tile; «MaK&OOVlKile; av&saptT]criae;>l 91i. Katrop9illV& vii. EVLcrXUcrT] tOUe; BooAY<1I'0Ue; KOl1l1oovtcrt<'t<; Kat va Elt&Kt&lVT] ti]v EltLPPOi] tOOe; l1&taSU tWV «MUlCEOOVroV». Ba9J.11100v DIlUlC;; civ't€l.ilcp9-T}oav

Ott i",om:T]l'i~ovta<; to cruv9T]l1a Yla av&saptOltOiT]crL ES0lt'll'&toilcrav altAroe; toUe; aVnK&LI1&VLKOUe; meoMUe; '['(ov 'hUA<1>V q>acrL(J""[(i')v 31.

Kai Etcrl to cruv9Tll1a EyKata4icp9TlK&. To KKE tOtX9T]K& tijv aAkayij I1E Eva crt&vaYl1o avaKoucpicrEille;. 'OTTille; 9a oOill1& savaY"l'lcr& crta Xp&illKOIt'lI1EVa crov9ijl1at<1 tOU ltoA.M. XI'OvLa apyot&l'a crta 1949, crE crttYI1Ee; altEA.ltLcriae;, OtaV ltEpvoilcr& tijv cro~aprot€PTl Kl'lcrL too.

3fS;i;Z-op. cit., O'EA..-3/J,

n~r-16s.

215-242.