PORTFOLIO
MAMIKO TANAKA
National University of Singapore,
Master of Landscape Architecture, Class of 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS NUS STUDIO WORKS
01 02
Mangrove Drawdown Island Regenetation of the Vernacular Water Landscape in Jakarta
DESIGN COMPETITION
05 06
An Althernative Vision for Park in 2105 綴
-「まち庭」が綴る京都の景 -
-Community gardens create a new landscape of Kyoto-
NWU THESIS PROJECT
03 04
Urban Revitalization Plan of Sakai Harbor Urban Revitalization Plan of Sakai Based on the Moat System
WORKSHOP
07
天のしるべ
A Signpost to Heaven
TABLE OF CONTENTS NUS STUDIO WORKS
01 02
Mangrove Drawdown Island Regenetation of the Vernacular Water Landscape in Jakarta
Of the four studios at NUS, I have included two individual projects in this portfolio. In both projects, I addressed urban issues related to water, such as the global problem of sea level rise, the distance from water and flooding in rapidly developing cities by using nature-based solutions. Specifically, "Mangrove Drawdown Island" is a mangrove-based response to sea level rise, and "Regeneration of Vernacular Water Landscape in Jakarta" proposes a new agricultural community and floodable park with a proposed waterway network. In both of these projects, I emphasized the analysis of the historical changes of the site using aerial photographs and old maps in order to draw out the potential of the place and get clues for the design. As in the above two projects, my two years of research-oriented studio design experience has developed my logical thinking skills as well as my ability to envision a resilient urban future through landscape design.
Drawdown Strategy: Selected Site: Coney Isalnd
Increase Mangrove Potential Site: Seletar Island
Site Criteria: 1. Previous Mangrove
2. Reclamation Island 3. Main Land Use: Recreation
Strategy:
Maximize Mangrove
Restore and Expand Remaining Mangrove
TOTAL AREA
70 HA
TOTAL CARBON OFFSET
65590 TONS
TOTAL CARBON OFFSET FOR PEOPLE
7215 PEOPLE
DIVERSIFY MANGROVE ACROSS SG Punggol Digital District
INCREASE MANGROVE ACROSS SG
SIT Campus Zone
Test Site Restration Area
INCREASE WATER ACTIVITY in PUNGGOL
Serangoon Reservoir
Recreational Pool
North Nursery
South Nursery
OBS Campus Zone
Water Activity Zone Adventure Zone
Planting Zone
PROTECT INLAND FROM FLOODING AND RISING SEA LEVEL
01
Mangrove Drawdown Island Location: Coney Island, Singapore individual/Group Work: Individual Date, Carried Out: Airpril 16, 2021
Level of the Project: Final Studio Work, 2021 Superviser: Liu Huei Lyn (hueilyn.liu@gmail.com) & Ryan Shubin (rymshubin@gmail.com)
In the studio, which aims to reduce the carbon footprint of Singapore, I have chosen to increase mangroves as a strategy. Not only do mangroves absorb carbon, but they are also a response to rising sea levels. In the past, Singapore's estuaries were covered with rich mangroves, but urbanization and coastal reclamation have drastically reduced the area. In this proposal, I have created a vision that Coney Island will become a hub for increasing the mangroves in Singapore. The seven mangrove areas proposed while integrating existing communities and new schemes will provide a unique experience with mangroves. These areas will not only enhance people's understanding of mangroves, but will also contribute to the increase and diversification of mangrove species and their utilization. The entire island is designed to act as a buffer to protect the Punggol area behind it from natural disasters such as sea level rise, windbreaks and inland flooding.
CONCEPT Increase Mangrove and Drawdown Through photosynthesis, mangroves absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide and transfer it to sediments. The carbon storage capacity of mangroves and sediments has been estimated to be several times greater than that of terrestrial forests.
Mangrove absorbs more cabon than terrestrial forests
BACKGROUND
Regioal Scale: Historical Timeline - Coney Island and Punggol . Island and Punggol area have Coney undergone transformation together.
Site Scale: Coney Island Development Land reclamation works were carried out from 1975 to the 1990s. The island was developed for entertainment purposes.
Developed only for Recreational Use
Land Reclamation (1990s) 1945
1975
1983
1993
In 1950, a businessman bought the island to turn into a resort like Coney Island, New York. However, the plan abandoned.
2021
The island was once owned by famous siblings who built the beach.
In the 1990s, in parallel with the implementation of the "Punggol 21" project, reclamation work resumed; in 2015, Coney Island opened as a public park.
The government began reclamation work in 1975, but there has been no activity or development since then.
Water Area
1945
Present
1983
Beach
A
A
Coney Island
Mangrove Restoration Area
B
B
C
Coastline and Mangrove
Land Use and Development Plan
Casuarina Tree Forest
C
Fishing Village Port
Fish Farms, Pig Farms
Fish Farms, Pig Farms
Fishing Port
Fishing Port
Vegetable Farms
Vegetable Farms Residential Area
Fishing Farms Fishing Port
Residential Area Punggol 21
Park, Reservoir Residential Area Punggol 21+
Mangroves Total
12 22
ha
Mangroves
ha
Total
(Estimated value from map)
12 62
ha
Mangroves
ha
Total
(Park 81ha)
8
133
ha ha
Punggol Digital Distirct
Country Scale: Mangrove Forest and Land Reclamation In this proposal, Coney Island was selected as the target site and Selector Island as the potential site to maximize mangrove based on three criteria:
1) former mangrove site 2) reclaimed island
3) reclamation for recreational purposes.
Legend Tidal Gates Water Conected with Ocean Directly Water Network
Current Mangrove Area
Previous Mangrove Area Previous Singapore
Land Reclamation Purpose Housing, Roads, Parks and Industries Industries Port
Recreation Airport Landbank
NATUTAL SYSTEM: ENHANCE RESILIENCE Proposed Concept: Resilience Island
Detail Design: Tetora POT
In addition to sea level rise, resilience will be increased to protect the Punggol area and the interior of the island by preventing inland flooding with reservoir wetlands and windbreaks with inland forests.
ISLAND SECTION DIAGRAM Punggol Area
TetraPOT is a sea defence system. Distribute it along coastlines will interlock to create a long-lasting sea defence of growing trees and roots that help keep the blocks in place. The roots will intertwine and gradually become a natural sea defence. It was designed by Sheng-Hung Lee in 2016.
Tetorapot
Serangoon Reservoir
Coney Island
WINDBREAK
INLAND FLOODING
Ocean
FLOODING RISING SEA LEVEL
×
Mangrove
1500mm
RESIDENTIAL GREENERY
WETLAND
WETLAND
RESIDENTIAL GREENERY
MIXED FOREST
FRESH WATER RESIDENTIAL AREA PUNGGOL DIGITAL DISTRICT
RESERVOIR
MANGROVE BRACKISH WATER
OBS CAMPUS RESIDENTIAL AREA
MAIN ROAD
PARK
COASTAL MARSH BACK MANGROVE BEACH
Install
SALT WATER OCEAN
3 weeks
6 month
14 month
1500mm
1500mm
Issue and Solution: Rising Sea Level
The Singapore Climate Research Centre predicts that average daily temperatures in Singapore will rise by 1.4° C to 4.6° C towards the end of the century, heavy rainfall will become more intense and frequent, and average sea level will rise by up to one meter by 2100.
CURRENT
FUTURE(2100): PROPOSAL
Sea level rise is expected to affect the areas below 3 meters in elevation in the Coney Island and Punggol areas. Also, the ocean side is basically monotonous with beaches and casuarina forest.
As a solution, I propose to plant mangrove trees, fill the inland areas with excavated soil, and install TetoraPOTs and sea walls to protect the beach. For the inland areas, more diverse trees will be planted after filling to increase biodiversity. Diversified Forests
Mangroves
Monoculture Casuarina Forest
TetoraPOT Sea Wall
Beach
A Above 3m
Dig and Fill
Above 3m 2.163m(MHWS) -0.237m (MLWS)
HUMAN SYSTEM: EDUACTION AND RECREATION Proposed Zoning: 7 Types of Mangrove Experiences
For zoning, I planned seven types of the mangrove zone, integrating them with the new plans of punggol digital district and Outward Bound Singapore and the existing community. From north to south, these are the Recreation Zone, Test Site, North Nursery, Restoration Area, South Nursery, Planting Zone, and Adventure Zone. Relationship with surroundings
Mangrove
Detail Design: Floating Deck
In the Nursery area, there will be a floating deck that uses a pontoon system. The floating decks will be combined in a grit-like configuration to provide zoning for each mangrove species. The advantage of the floating deck is that the layout plan can be easily changed according to the nursery plan and the tide level can be experienced.
Zoning
SELECTION OF LONG-LASTING DECKING INTEGRATED TRACK WITH ADJUSTABLE POSITIONING OF CLEATS AND ACCESSORIES
View
Coney Island Entrance
Recreation Zone
Recreation Area Park Visitor Center
Research Center
Test Site
Punggol Digital District
North Nursery
EASY-ACCESS TROUGH
Punggol Digital Distirct
Test Site
HEAVY-DUTY FLOAT-FLANGE ATTACHMENT
Test Site(Beach) RUBBER CONNECTOR
North Nursery Main Facility, Community Hab, Learning Hab, Research Lab
SIT Campus Facility
INTERNAL ANCHOR ATTACHMENT
DECKING Existing Patch
Existing Mangrove Patch
Restoration Area
GUARDRAIL Restoration Area
South Nursery Outward Bound Singapore
South Nursery
Planting Zone Landing Point
TYPICAL ALUMINIUM CANGWAY
Community Center
Planting Zone
OBS Main Campus Zone
Adventure Zone
Adventure Zone (FOREST)
New Opportunity: Punggol Digital District and OBS Singapore
Water Activity Zone
Along with the development of the Punggol area, Coney Island itself is beginning to be developed for purposes other than entertainment, such as the construction of a residential area. NEW LARGE PLANS
Punggol Digital District SITʼscampus and JTCʼs Business Park spaces
are planned in the small district. The integration between industry and academia will facilitate the cross-fertilization of ideas and encourage collaboration on new technologies.
Outward Bound Singapore OBS campus is planned for the south side of the
New Main Route and MRT Station Punggol Digital District and SIT Campus Residential Area Outward Bound Singapore Campus Park and Water Network
island.It was earlier announced that OBS will be made compulsory for Secondary 3 students at a new Coney Island campus.
ALUMINUM APRON
Adventure Zone
URA Master Plan
ALUMINIUM ROLLER DECK PLATE TYPICAL MAIN WALKWAY
Proposed Zoning: Circulation Plan
The circulation plan was designed according to the surrounding land use and user type. Legend
Main
Resident Park Visitor
SIT students and Reseracher OBS Visitor Canoeists
NORTH AREA
Legend
4
Mangrove Area
A B C D
Recreation Zone Test Site North Nursery Restration Area
1
A
E South Nursery F Planting Zone G Adventure Zone
A 1
2
B
3
3
B
2
CENTER AREA
O
C
Zoning Information A Entrance Field B
Research Center
6
K OBS Campus
L Waterfront Square
C SIT Campus Zone
M Water Sports Area
E
O Beach Area A P Beach Area B
D Community Plaza F
Forest
Residential Zone
Q Beach Area C
I Observatory and Camp J Accomodation Zone
S Beach Area D T Beach Area E
P
5 7
10
D
32
8
11 9
N Adventure Zone
G Wetland
H Community Center
C
D
E F
4
Existing Patch
33
SOUTH AREA
Q
5
R Landing Point
E 34
F
R
S
35
Facility List
F
Facilities utilizing existing
1 North Park Visitor Center
19 Parking Area for OBS Campus Visitors
2 North Parking Area
20 OBS Main Campus
3 Seaside Research Facility
21 OBS Gym
4 West Promenade
22 OBS Pool
5
23 Canoe Landing Point
SIT Coney Isaland Main Facility
6 SIT Learning Hab
24 Canoe Warehouse
7 SIT Community Hab
25
8 SIT Reserach Lab A Tower
26 Wakesurfing Pool
9 SIT Researcb Lab B Tower
27 Rest House
Boat Warehouse
10 Wooden Deck Square
28 Adventure zone operation facility
11 Riverside Promenade
29 Serangoon Tidal Gates
12 Community and Visitor Center
30 Shower Room
13 West Parking Area
31 East Promenade
14 Observatory Spot
32
15 Camping Site
33 Infinite Loop
16 Cotage
34 Observation House
17 Common Facilities for Cotage Guests
35 South Nursery Center
18 Common Facilities for Campers
36 Old Coney Isaland Signage
Observation House
6
14
G
I 15
16
12 13
F
H
18
J
17 19
17 30
20
8
K
T
G
21
7
L
22
28 24
M 23
25
26
Serangoon Reservoir
27
N
9 31
29
0 25 50
100
200(m)
MASTER PLAN
NORTE AREA Across Singapore
1. Develop New Technology 2. Divsersify Mangrove Species
Recreational Area:
Coney Island Entrance
The Entrance of the Island
Punggol Digital District
Test Site: Beach and Mangrove North Nursery
PUNGGOL DIGITAL DISTRICT PARTNER LIST
For Local Community and SIT 1. Create Opportunities to play with mangrove 2. Increase opportunities for research on oceans, brackish waters, and mangroves
1 Recreational Area: Entrance of the Smart Island
2 Test Site: Beach Area A
3 Test Site: Mangrove
North Park Visitor Center Autonomous Bus
Tetora POT
Bicycle Rental
Inflatable Pool Ball
Create SIT Coney Isaland Campus Zone
Facility Building List
Coney Isaland Main Facility Learning Hab Reserach Lab A Tower Community Hab Researcb Lab B Tower
Smart Island Eco Building Autonomous Bus
Outdoor Cleaning Robot
At the entrance area with a great view, visitors can directly interact with the mangroves. As a smart island, self-driving buses and ecological buildings will also be installed..
CENTER AREA Existing Mangrove Patch Mangrove Nursery
Punggol Digital District
Outward Bound Singapore NORTH NURSERY SPECIES LIST
6
Restoration Area: The Origin of the Island
For Coney Island 1. Enrich Mangrove Ecosystem 2. Increase Biodiversity
Lumnitzera racemosa
Ceriops zippeliana
Xylocarpus moluccensis
Dolichandrone spathacea
Avicennia marina
Bruguiera sexangula
Brownlowia tersa
Heritiera littoralis
Aegiceras corniculatum
Pemphis acidula
Sonneratia caseolaris
Sonneratia ovata
Rhizophora mucronata
Common Species
Avicennia alba
Acrostichum aureum
Avicennia rumphiana
Bruguiera cylindrica
Acrostichum speciosum
Rhizophora apiculata
Bruguiera gymnorhiza
Rhizophora stylosa
OBS Campus Facility
Common Facilities for Campers
Outplanting
Floating Deck
Bruguiera hainesii
Sonneratia alba
Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea
Xylocarpus granatum
Acanthus ebracteatus
Acanthus volubilis
Ceriops tagal
Nypa fruticans
The Infinite Loop, which circles the restoration area at an elevation of 3 meters, makes a strong impression on visitors as it protrudes into the sea. The restoration area will be restricted to access from the sea to prevent negative environmental impacts from humans.
Planting Zone
7 Adventure Zone
8 Seminor Room
The nursery receives visitors from other countries to learn about mangroves. The layout can be easily changed by the floating deck. On the north side, it connects to the Infinite Loop.
9 Water Activity Zone
Across Singapore
1. Educate people about mangrove ecosystems
Punggol Area
For Local Community and OBS 1. Expanding the scope of education 2. Provide a unique experience with mangroves
Some facilities will be open to the public.
Accommodaiton and Camp Adventure and Planting Cotage Camp Site Common Facilities for Cotage Guests
Raise Seedlings
Vulernable Species
6
South Nursery: Common Species, Education (Observation) Planting Zone: Education(Experimental Learning) Adventure Zone: Education(Experimental Learning), Recreation
Germinate
Restoration Area
Brownlowia argentata
NORTE AREA Outward Bound Singapore
Infinite Loop
Extinct Species
Lumnitzera littorea
Avicennia Acanthus ilicifolius officinalis
NURSERY PROCESS
1. Diversify Mangrove Species 2. Increase Mangrove Species
Rare Species
Experiments and mangrove monitoring will be conducted..
9 South Nursery
Across Singapore
North Nursery: Rare Species, Research South Nursery: Common Species, Education (Observation)
SOUTH NURSERY SPECIES LIST
Infinite Loop
Researchers will demonstrates TetraPOT fly drones along with children playing.
Parking Area Adventure zone operation facility Shower Room
Main Campus Parking Area Main Facility Gym
Water Activity
Rest House Pool Canoe Warehouse Boat Warehouse Canoe Landing Point Wakesurfing Pool
Connect with Punggol
Students will plant seedlings grown in the south nursery.
Visitors can play in the mud and climb trees in the forest.
The seminar room held lectures is open to the public.
The water activity zone is crowded with OBS visitors and canoeists from Punggol Waterway every weekend.
Aʼ
Intersection Area
A
02
Regeneration of the Vernacular Water Landscape in Jakarta Location: West Jakarta, Indonesia individual/Group Work: Individual Date, Carried Out: Airpril 24, 2020
Level of the Project: 2nd Smester Studio Work, 2020 Superviser: Ervine Lin akilse@nus.edu.sg, Kenya Endo akike@nus.edu.sg
In Jakarta, hrough rapid urban development, the industrial transformation and the change in lifestyle create a distance between people and water. At the same time, the change of land use and complex roads covered by asphalt weaken the presence of water from the topography. As a result, water culture has been altered to be a frustrating issue. Additionally, the current water management ways cause social and environmental problems while keeping the water away from humans. This proposal proposes a floodable park and new types of agricultural communities, based on an analysis of land use change using aerial photographs and interview surveys on site. Both programs would create opportunities to appreciate water in life while managing flooding. In addition, in the intersection area, all people, including who belongs to different types of communities, could build an interactive relationship between themselves. That would enhance the sustainability and resilience on the site.
CONCEPT Floodable Park and Agricultural Communities A Floodable park and new types of agricultural communities are proposed with new water flow.
Kampong Relocation Area
Other Residential Area
Reservoiur
Intersection Area
Gated Community Area
Farm Pond
Rain Garden Paddy Field Wetland Treatment Pond
Floodable Park
Sustainable and Resilience
BACKGROUND Neighbourhood Scale: Transition of Greenery and Water From the previous satellite maps, I analyzed the transistion of greenery and water on the site. Continuous housingdevelopment has eliminated the rich greenery and create distance from water.
2004 ・Mosaic of land cover
2010 ・River Normalization (West) ・Residential Development
Site Scale: Mix of Disparate Communities Stayed in Jakarta from February 1~7, 2020 and conducted a site survey with students of the University of Indonesia. From the field survey and land use analysis, it was found that there are three types of people living around the site: kampong residents who do not have land ownership, conventional people who have land ownership, and new gated communities.
The river has been expanded and the seawall concreted after the forced eviction of kampongs along the river. The river has not been able to cope with floods and the water quality is quite poor.
Catalya 157 Units
Gate
Casa Jardin Olive
Bromelia 150~250 Units
Nicolaia 182 Units
Dianella 152 Units
Evodia 96 Units
Anthurium 206 Units
Casa Jardin Residence Fitonia 182 Units Gladiota 142 Units
Land Use and Human Circulation Map
2012 ・Loss of Paddy Field
・Residential development
2018 ・River Normalization (North) ・Creation of New Greenery
City Scale: Natural Metabolism and Flooding
Due to frequency, people perceived floods in the delta areas as natural and normal. Primary industries such as agriculture and fisheries, were operated based on natural cycles including floods. 1. Rivers carry volumes of water containing heavy silt by fast streams.
Feared and Appreciated Water Accepted the Risk of Flooding
2. Water flows slower due to a significant decrease of inclination.
Main Flow Gated Community Flow Residence Route Kampong Flow Other Route
City Scale: Transition of Water Management System Colonial Era: Canal System
Challenged controlling flood while actively utilizing water
Water was used for irrigating farmlands in the lush delta region. The river was diverted through a network of irrigation channels, spilling into the agriculture area.
Paddy Fields and Aerable Lands
3. Rivers outlets are silted due to the speed of water flow. High tide also reduces the flow. Primary Industries
From the interview research, we learned about the complexities of land ownership and how the area used to be a rice-fields landscape.
Gated Community Kampong Other Residential Industries Administration Others
Jakarta
Java Sea
Natural Metabolism (Flooding Cycle)
After Independence: River Normalization To cope with the rapidly increasing floods, River Bank Normalization is being implemented by expanding roads and rivers. This method has not been able to cope with the floods and has caused eviction problems for the residents of kampongs along the river.
Keep the water away from humans
High Density City
STRATEGY
Parking Space (motorcycle) and Garbage Dump A’
Paddy Field
From the satellite map, I extracted the previous paddy field pattern and used it for the master plan to rekindle historical connection. The pattern color suggests the subtle height difference and possibility of flood. Land use
C’
Community Plaza with Garden
Morning market is opened on the weekend. Food vendors are gathering.
Public Sanitary
Plot
Riverside Terrace
A
Pocket Park
Canoe Deck Purification Pond
Primary Sedimentation Tank
This terrace is close to the water surface. Promnade
Fish Pond Wetland Paddy Field Agricultural Field Orchard Lawn Residential Others
Rain Garden
Secondary Tank
Final Tank
Work Hut
Edible Garden
Zoning
Play Field
Wash Space and Dry Field
Land Use
Area
Market Square Factory workers come to buy lunch from the opposite bank.
Riverside Walk
Paddy Field
Riverside Board
Restaurant and Shop
Residents consume the agricultural product loccally at the restraunt and the shop.
Gated Community Other Reidential Kampong Park
Riverside Terrace Canoe Deck
Farm Pond The pond serves as a boundary.
Innundation Innundation (flooding) Non Innundation Kampong Other Residential Gated Community Public
Stepping Stones Farm Pond
Gate Management Office
Water Flow
Paddy Field C
Water Flow
Farm Pond
Main Waterway Sub Waterway
Orchard Waterway
B’
The waterway serves as a boundary.
Reservoir Farm Pond Maturation Pond
Community Center Rest Area and Work Hut
Topography
Farm Pond
Elevation(m)
3.0 ~ 3.9 Non-Innundation 2.0 ~ 2.9 Area
All types of residents interact with each other. A Harvest festival and the wedding ceremonies are held on the front lawn.
Park Center
Fish Pond
This building serves as a local information center and rest area.
B
1.0 ~ 1.9 Innundation Area (Flooding) 0 ~ 0.9 -1.0 ~ -0.1 Innundation Area -2.0 ~ -1.1 (Usual) ~ -2.1
Paddy Field
Line of Trees Along the main street of the gated community, trees, including the exsiting ones, are lined up.
Wetland
Park Pavillion
Community Park
People can learn about the history of the site and the natural environment and flooding.
This is a park for residents of the gated communities.
Farm Pond
0
Satellite Map 2004
Intersection Area Section Vegetable Field (Gated Community)
10
20
50 (m)
Intersection Area Plan
Farm Pond
Orchard
Community Center
Edible Garden
Promenade
Treatment Pond
Play Field
URBAN AGRICULTURAL COMMUNITY
URBAN FLODABLE PARK The floodable park area, where the existing river has been expanded and the seawall has been naturalized, functions as a place for relaxation and getting close to the water in daily life. Also, the park would serve as flood control reservoir. That would enhance the resilience on the site.
Through the agricultural process, all types of residents could appreciate nature and water. Additionally, that would promote sustainability by local consumption of what is produced locally. Futhermore, that would enhance the life of kampong residents generating a stable income and improving the living environment with the creation and arrangement of open spaces. Appreciate Nature and Water Cultivate
Observe and Touch Nature
Appreciate Nature and Water
Promote Sustainability
Harvest
×
Enhance Flood Resilience
Consume
Enjoy Sports and Exercise
Communicate
Feel Refreshed
Process
Blessings of nature and Care
Place to be at Peace with Water
Eat
Orchard inheriting the memories
Sell
Growth Cycle and Harvest Calendor Rambutan
Salak
Jeruk Bali
Kesemek
Melon
Mango
Durian
Banana
Orange
Fruit
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Planting
Vegetable
Dec
yearAround around Year
Enhance Flood Resilience
Fist Crop Second Crop Third Crop
Paddy Field Mid Season
Harvest
Chili
Cabbage
Tomato
Red Onion
Chinese Cabbage
Carrot
Onion
Soy Bean
Bayam
Coriander
Paprica
Cassava
Corn
Ginger
Cucumbers Bean Petai
Sweet Potato Zucchini
Mustard Green
Peanuts
Kampong Relocation Area Section Kitchen Garden
Outside Kitchen
Wash Space and Dry Field
Urban Floodable Park Section Paddy Field
Wetland
Lawn Field
A A’
B
B’
TABLE OF CONTENTS NWU THESIS PROJECT
03 04
Urban Revitalization Plan of Sakai Harbor Urban Revitalization Plan of Sakai Based on the Moat System
For thesis projects at Nara Womenʼ s, I made regeneration plans for Sakai, one of Japanʼ s largest historical ports, where I was born and raised. While Sakai has cultural assets as a historical city, it is becoming a bedroom community for the neighboring city of Osaka, and its presence is waning. To be specific, my undergraduate graduation project focused on the old port, which is the origin of Sakai, and my master's design proposed a revitalization plan for the old city center area based on the regeneration of the moat system. These projects started from my awareness about the problem of the separation between the sea and the city in the historical port city. In the research process, I realized how the city had originally been developed based on natural features, including the sea. In the designing process, I acquired the ability to design landscapes that integrate nature and urban infrastructure. I became convinced that urban regeneration fusing environmental and urban elements in harmony will lead to sustainable development, and pursuing this is my life mission.
Nov/19/16 Kyoto Landscape Design Exibitiion
03
Urban Revitalization Plan of Sakai Harbor
CONCEPT Present
Location: Sakai, Osaka, Japan individual/Group Work: Individual Date, Carried Out: February 11, 2016
Level of the Project: Bachelor Diploma Work, year around, 2015-16 Superviser: Prof. Shunsaku Miyagi, miyagi@placemedia.net
This is my Bachelorʼ s thesis project to regenerate the waterfront area in Sakai, my hometown. I made a plan to combine Ohama Park with the Hanshin Expressway and proposed the Ohama Highway Oasis, an expressway rest area which people can access from not only the expressway but also local roads. It consists of two main buildings which provide basic services for drivers and passengers and play a role toconnect visitors with local people. I also designed the beach to redefine the relationship between the sea and people and a small mountain to avoid Tsunami in this area. Moreover, I proposed to transport Sakai Fish Market to the site facing the harbor. The idea was to integrate all elements in this waterfront so the harbor can flourish again.
【Highway×Park×Harbor】 Separated
E x p res s wa y
Separated P a rk
H a rb or
I NT E G R A T E
Redefine the relationship between the sea and people
Past and Present
Analysis
In . ancient times, Sakai Port was one of the most famous and vibrant ports in Japan. The waterfront of Sakai had been famous as a resort spot until the Second World War. However, as the coastline was developed during the post-war period of high economic growth, the landscape completely changed. The beautiful beach has been lost. Instead of that, many factories and the Hanshin expressway have been constructed on the landfill sites along the harbor. People are separated from the sea by these factors.
1948
1964
1 9 85
At present, this area is still geographically important as a gateway to Sakai, although it has the following problems: The land is used as a residential, commerce, and industrial area. The traffic line plan is problematic. Also, this area can easily be damaged by a tsunami because of its low altitude.
2007
HAZARD
Tsunami Inundation Depth 2.0m or greater 1.5~2.0m 1.0~1.5m 0.5~1.0m 0.5m or lesser
MOBILITY
Traffic Problem Main Car Route
The area is famous as a resort spot with
a beautiful sandy beach
PAST
Factories
The Hanshin Expressway
on landfill sites
along the harbor
started to be built
was constructed
The park and harbor
were separated by the
expressway and the roads
LAND USE
Living with the Sea
Residencial Area
Commercial Area Industrial Area
Distance to the sea by highway and Risk from Tsunami
PRESENT
GEOGRAPHY
Ohama Park Sea, River
the Hanshin Expressway Sta Sakai
Beach and the Hanshin Expressway I designed an urban beach under the Hanshin Expressway by referring to the ancient landform. I also highlighted stone walls of the fort. The Ohama Park was used as a fort in the Edo Period.
Stone Walls of Fort Hanshin Expressway Elevator Exist
Harbor I planed to move the Sakai Fish Market to the idle city-owned site facing the harbor. In addition, I renovated waterside decks.
H.H.W.L TP 3.90m TP 0.90m H.W.L TP 0.98m M.S.L TP-0.22m L.W.L TP-0.88m
Hanshin Expressway
Prefectural Route 29
Elevator Exist
Hanshin Expressway Stone Walls of Fort
Urban Beach
A
H.H.W.L TP 3.90m H.W.L TP 0.98m L.W.L TP -0.88m
Main Complex Main Complex
Elevator
Hanshin Expressway slope:10％
Accessible Parking
Motarcoach Parking
5 lots
22 lots
Local Road slope:12％
Carry-in Entrance
Smart Interchange
Hanshin Expressway General Parking 210 lots
slope:12％
Control Center
When Tsunami attacks,
Mt. Sotetsu Open Grassland
Mixed Forest
It is an artificial hill with a low altitude. I designed by referring to
residents avoid.
Residential Area
the present landform.
Motarcoach Parking
General Parking
A’
Hanshin Expressway ↑Osaka, Kobe
Osaka Bay
12
National Route 26 ↑Osaka 2
4 8
Tategawa River 11
L.W.L TP -0.88m
10
H.W.L TP 0.98m H.H.W.L TP 3.90m
Master Plan 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Highway Oasis Ohama Main Complex Highway Oasis Ohama Elevator Sakai Fish Market Beach Pine Forest Mixed Forest Stone Walls of Fort Moat of Fort Mt. Sotetsu
Community Square Open Grassland Seaside Square Parking lots Promnade Old Sakai Lighthouse
9
1
1
3
Nankai Electric Railway Sta. Sakai
2
National Route 26 →Sakai
6 1 10 5 7 2
3
Hanshin Expressway ↓Kansai International Airport, Wakayama
Prefectural Route 34 ↓Sayama
50m
Highway Oasis Ohama Main Complex People can enjoy local foods at the restaurant on the first floor and appreciate local arts at the city gallery on the second floor. Visitors from other cities can interact with the locals under the big roof. Also, there is a park office which helps people commune with nature.
Restaurant
City Gallery
Sakai Fish Market I planned the relocation of the Sakai fish Market, an aging local market, from the site a bit far from the harbor to the city-owned vacant land facing the harbor. On the first floor, both local people and tourists buy fresh fish, and they can enjoy fish dishes, such as Sushi and Tempura, in the food court on the second floor. In addition, people can enjoy Ouo Yoichi, an annual festival to play for a good catch of fish held on July 31, on the lawn field where they can view the sea.
Highway Oasis Ohama Main Complex It consists of basic services of a rest area, such as an information center, large toilets, a small shop and a cafe. This glass building also serves as a good approach to connect the ground with the underground car parking through the small outdoor stage and facing the grand staircase where natural light comes in. The atrium gives visitors a strong impression.
Field
Food Court
Stage Fish Market Parking
Yamatogawa River
Osaka Bay
Sakai Sta. Bachelor Diploma Site
Old Sakai City Area
Tomb of Emperor Nintoku (Daisen Kofun)
04
Urban Revitalization Plan of Sakai Based on the Moat System
CONCEPT
Sustainable and Resilient Sakai City Harbor/Industry
Location: Sakai, Osaka, Japan individual/Group Work: Individual Date, Carried Out: July 6, 2018
Level of the Project: Master Thesis, year around, 2017-18 Superviser: Prof. Tetuso Nemoto, nemoto@cc.nara-wu.ac.jp
This is my master's thesis project to propose the master plan for the old city area in Sakai. I challenged the larger-scale project based on the same concept for my bachelor's thesis project. With the elabroate research, I regenerated the moat system serving as an important structure to connect urban and ecological layers. I contrasted the east moat are with the west moat are from the difference of transition and character. I also focused on public elementary schools of the society along the western and eastern moats because elementary schools play a significant role in our society. I proposed the combining of school facilities with the elements of the surrounding environment to public elementary schools. Overall, I believe that urban regeneration through the fusing of environmental and urban elements in harmony will lead to sustainable development and strengthen the resilience of the city.
Residential Patern
adaptivity Recreation
Water and Sewage
Education
Traditional Industry
resiliency Soil and WaterQuality Ecosystem
Energy
robustness Transportation
BASED ON THE MOAT SYSTEM
Histrorical Analysis In the Middle Ages, Sakai prospered as an international port and a self-governing city. The moats, which surrounded the city from north, east and south sides, were used for the protection and drainage. In 1615, the city was damaged by the summer siege of Osaka and the moats were buried once. After that, the city became a region under the Edo Shogunate's direct control, and the Genna Town Planning decided to expand city area and readjust section of the land. The moats were dug again and used for drainage although the shape and location were changed. During the Edo Era, Sakai still prospered as a city of commerce and industry after starting national isolation. In the 18th century, the sediments deposited on the harbor because of the artificial movement of the Yamato River. So, the wide moat was added on the west and was used as a canal. At the present time, the north and east moats were buried to construct an expressway. 1939~45 World War Ⅱ
1615 Summer Siege of Osaka
→1946 Second Urban Planning
→1618 First Urban Planning
WWⅡ Damage Revival Planning
The Genna Town Planning Medieval Japan
Early Modern Japan
Modern Japan
1700
1600 1603
Prospered as an international port and a self-governing city
1800
15~1600
1692
1735
1945
2000
The city was well developed and crowded
source: Sakai City Map published in 1922
source: Sakai City Library Digital Archive Yamato River
Contemporary Japan
1900
Along with the development of trains, the Urban area gradually expanded
Prospered as a a city of commerce and industry under the Edo Shogunateʼ s direct control
source: Sakai City Museum Report the 31st issue
1868
1798
1922
source: Sakai City Map
2017
Temple, Shrine
Archaeological Section
Used as A Canal
Expanded Urban Area Moat City
West
Moat
Outside
East
This area protected the inner city from water
Present Surface 1.5m Casting Producation Wastes
Used for agriculture and drainage Source: The History of Sakai City
Soil was naturally deposited
Used as Gabage Hole 0
2(m)
Temple
Farm House
Drying Doi Mound Ground
Mid Doi Farm Mound
Doi River Source: The History of Sakai City
The grid patern was used to arrange the land use and expand the city. The framework for the city was estabilished with new moats.
Aqueduct
Source: The History of Sakai City
source: Sakai City Library Digital Archive
The streets were enlarged for cars. It damaged local communities.
Analysis-Nature
Risk of Flood and Tsunami
The west and south sides of the moat still remain as the Uchikawa River and the Doigawa River, although the north and east parts of the moat were buried when the Hanshin Expressway was constructed in the 1970s.
the Yamatogawa River Flood would cause damage to the northern part of the city. Inundation inside the levee would do damage to the east moat area, originally back marsh. A tsunami might damage further west from the Osyoji Street, the south-north main street. Yamatogawa River Flood
Inundation Inside the Levee
Inundation Depth
Uchikawa River System Catchment Area: 7.18km2 (Direct Inflow:3.80km2, Flood Flow:3.38km2)
Inundation Depth
5.0m or greater 3.0 - 5.0m 0.5 - 3.0m 0.5m or less
MO
AT
SEA
CIT
YA
Tsunami Inundation Depth
1.0m or greater 0.60 - 1.00m 0.30 - 0.60m 0.15 - 0.30m 0.05 - 0.15m
2.0 - 3.0m 1.0 - 2.0m 0.3 - 1.0m 0.3m or less Mandatory Evacuation
RE
AN
DR
A
Tidal River Dynamics
IVE
R
The Uchikawa River and the Doigawa river are tidal riveres whose flow and level are influenced by tides. Tide Chart for Sakai Harbor (year) Tide Height (m) (Tokyo Peil= 0m) 2.0
UR
BA
1.5
NG
RE
EN
SP
1.0
AC
ES
0.5 0 -0.5
CU
RR
EN
TC
Jan
Feb
Mar
Air
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
(month)
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
ON
TEX
T
Transforming the concrete river into a naturalized river will enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services which make the city more resilient and sustainable. The estimation of enhancing biodiversity
CL
May
AS LAND SIF FO ICA RM TIO N
Urban
Moat
Sea
Analysis-Human
Public Elemtentary School and Local Community
I researched not only nature but also urban layers. I decided to focus on elementary schools in the old city area along with the east and west moats based on the research, and planned to open the schools combining facilities in the schools with other elements of the surrounding environment.
In Japan, a public elementary school is well conected with local community. An Elementary schools is also important as a place to interact with others and a shelther when a natural disaster strikes. The Role of a Public Elementary School
Elementary Schools in the Moat City Area West
East
Kinsai : 315 Ichi : 335 Eisyo : 551
Nishiki : 315 Yuya : 335 Syorinji : 551
Education In Japan, 98％ of childs attends public elementary schools.
There are each three public elementary schools along with the east and west moats.
(School: The number of Students)
MO
AT
PU
BL
IC
CIT
YA
Development
Community
Information
Shelter
The Core of Local Community
Become more interactive with others
Be used as a shelter whena natural disastr strikes
RE
A
ELE
ME N SC TAR HO Y OL
Along with the new moats, the programmes of public schools associated with surroundings would improve quality of life while creating new types of education programmes.
Traditional Culture and Industry
In the old city area, there are many unique traditional industries and culture, which we should carry on to the next generation. The List of Traditional Culture and Industry in Sakai
TR
AD I INDTION US AL TR Y
TR
AN
SP
OR
How to Open Elementary Schools
TA
TIO
N
I proposed to open elementary schools combining facilities in a school with the elements of the surrounding environment. Perspective Tourism Local Community
LLA
ND
US
Culture
E
Traditional Industry Disaster Prevention Transportation Ecology
ex) Facilities for The Surrounding Environments Hands-on Facility Museum Rest Area Library Information Center Nature Learning Center
ex) Facilities in A School Fine Arts Room Pavilion Audio-visual Room Library
Sports Center
Science Room
Boarding Point
Gym
Shelter Retarding Basin Rain Garden
Ground Other Open spaces
Produce New Types of Education
Eco Education
West Moat Area
Kinsai Elementary School
In the west area, I broadened the existing moat toward the east side referring to the form of the moat of the 18th century when the moat was used as a canal. Transforming the concrete river into a naturalized river makes the city more resilient and sustainable while producing the place where people can enjoy water activities and communicate.
The school is located in the area where many traditional craftsmen workshops remained. I proposed to open a fine arts room where students can create various art along the moat with floating wetland gardens providing an interactive learning environment about the ecology of the river. On weekends, workshops for both adults and children that will be held. I also proposed a small exhibition space which helps students keep their motivation up and improve the quality of their work.
MOAT Wetland Gardens
EXHIBIT
Boarding Point
Viewers Enjoy seeing arts
Creative
Motivation Up! Improve the Quality! COMMENT Fine Arts Room
Workshop Learning Carry on the Traditional culture and Industries through Education
Boarding Point
Traditional Industry Area
Kinsai E.S. Park
Main Street, Tram Station
Sakai City Traditional Crafts Museum
Sakai Station Boarding Point
Park
MOAT
Ichi Elementary School
The school is located in front of a principal station. I proposed to combine the space for the audio-visual room with the library which visitors can also get information about Sakai on the ground floor facing a boarding point. On weekends, the room will be opened to the public and used as a place to communicate and interact.
ACCESSIBILITY
Boarding Point
Interractive
Learn Presentation Skill!
Boarding Point
COMMENT
Audio-Visual Room and Library
Workshop Learning
Ichi E.S. Boarding Point
Visitors Get Information about Sakai
Enhance the love of their hometown through researching and explaining Sakai to the visitors
Zelkova Tree-lined Street Osaka Prefectural Senyo Senior H.S.
Yuya E.S.
Eisyo Nursery
Eisho Elementary School
Eisyo ES
I proposed to have the retarding basin next to the ground of the school, which also serves as an urban void with the ground. When a natural disaster strikes, the basin works to alleviate environmental destruction through strengthening the resilience of nature. The gym located on the slightly higher ground is used as a shelter in a disaster. Syorinji E.S.
Main Street, Tram Station
Daily
Disaster
Enjoy Outdoor Activities
Protect People and City
Lead people have their healthy lives
Strengthen the resilience of the city
Nanshuji Temple Boarding Point
East Moat Area
Nishiki, Yuya, and Shorinji Elementary Schools
In the east area, I planned to dig the moat again. In addition, I proposed to change the expressway into the green line because the necessity will be decreased because of the new route. The green belt along with the moat will make the city more resilient and sustainable while producing the place where people can enjoy nature.
The east side of the old city area consists of schools, not only elementary schools but also a high school and a junior high school, many temples, houses, an expressway, and a park , the former site of the moat. Therefore, I planned to integrate all open spaces in this area, such as gardens of temples and houses, the park with the new moat, the expressway which I proposed to green, and grounds of schools. As a result, the seamless urban green belt will build and strengthen the resilience of the city while serving as a framework for urban planning.
Daily
Ecology
Enjoy Nature
Improve Our Environment
Commune with nature
Strengthen the resilience of the city
Boarding Point
Traditional Industry Area
Kinsai E.S. Park
Main Street, Tram Station
Nishiki E.S.
Sakai City Traditional Crafts Museum
Sakai Station Boarding Point
Park
Ichi E.S. Boarding Point
ding Point
Zelkova Tree-lined Street
Osaka Prefectural Senyo Senior H.S.
Yuya E.S.
Forest for Biodiversity
Green High Line
Tonobaba JHS
yo Nursery
Science Room
Syorinji E.S.
Street, Station
Lawn Ground Nanshuji Temple
Boarding Point
Stock room of the Futon Daiko for the festival
Stream(Moat)
The Node of Urban Green Belt
strengthen the resilience of the city while serving as a framework for urban planning
TABLE OF CONTENTS At Nara Womenʼ s University, I participated in two idea design competitions, theme were “parks” in Tokyo and NWU THESISwhose PROJECT “gardens” in Kyoto, held by the Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture. Working on the projects with my lab members, I was able to enhance my communication skills and landscape design skills. In addition, through these works, I gained insight into traditional Japanese perspectives, where people do not control but rather accept nature in building a sustainable, resilient society. From this perspective, in the competition about Tokyo, we created a bold vision of the future that would increase urban resilience by blurring and connecting the boundaries of parks, and in the proposal about Kyoto, we designed open spaces within the city as garden-like spaces. These experiences enabled me to acquire the ability to envision the future as well as the ability to design urban spaces realistically.
DESIGN COMPETITION
05 06
An Althernative Vision for Park in 2105 綴
-「まち庭」が綴る京都の景 -
-Community gardens create a new landscape of Kyoto-
Resilience in Ecosystem Resilience in Urban Life Resilience in Industry
Urban Ecotone = Infrastructure
05
An Althernative Vision for Park in 2105
Site Analysis
Shinagawa, an important gateway of Tokyo
Medieval
Early Modern
Post-WWⅡ
Hamamatsucho Station
Location: Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan Level of the Project: Design Competition, first semester, 2015 Individual/Group Work: Group (5 people) Superviser: Prof. Shunsaku Miyagi, miyagi@placemedia.net Date, Carried Out: May 22, 2015 Role in the Process: Concept Making, Drawing As a college senior, I participated in the international design competition for students and young practitioners envisioning future Tokyo both with and without parks. My team members and I won second prize. We discussed not only parks but all of Tokyoʼ s social systems, and I presented the idea of borderless parks in which every office building and residential house is surrounded by parks and rivers. We imagined the borders of parks disappearing and “parks” becoming an “urban ecotone,” acting as an important infrastructure based on the diverse ecosystem. Forest islands in Tokyo Bay would work as breakwaters and produce biomass energy while vigorously absorbing CO2 emissions. Reopening primary industries and agriculture in the urban ecotone would also contribute to a self-sufficient, harmonious society and a more resilient and sustainable society.
Present
As a site, we selected Shinagawa, which has been a crutial transpotation hub. It consists of the residential areas on the Musashino Plateau and the business and industrial areas on the natural lowlands and reclaimed lands, where there is fear about Tsunami or liquefaction due to an earthquake.
Shinagawa Station
Shinagawa Wharf
Not Liquefaction Possible Liquefaction High Risk Liquefaction
champhor tree
keaki
sakura
Green Belt A Precipice Line
tomato
silver-grass
narrow
clam
crab
Old Tokaido
alga
edible cockle
A Precipice Line
We plan a row of cherry trees between a high ground called “Yamanote” and low-lying called “Hamanote” . At the time of earthquake disaster out of break, people evacuate to a row of cherry trees.
chowder clam
black-tailed
kandelia candel
japanese sea bass
Green Ride
Platform of Green Ride
RESILIENCE IN URBAN LIFE
( Row of cherry blossom trees)
hamabo
goosefoot
conder
alga
goosefoot
common goby
narrow
oyster
Green Breakwater
black pine
gull
Dry Beach
prawn
cuttlefish
holothurian
Sea Fairming
RESILIENCE IN INDUSTRY
RESILIENCE IN ECOSYSTEM
Old Tokaido
laver
Green Breakwater
（Kandelia obovata’s forest）
Green Ride We suppose a “Green Ride”, a hovercraft moving around the ecotone. It supplies foods from industlial area to the city when Tokyo meet a disaster.
A Kandelia obpvata’s forest resist a water-disaster. Furthemore, Kandelia Obpvata will produce a clean energy for Green Ride.
Sea Fairming
（Laver Culture）
In this area, we propose reopening a primary industry “laver culture”. The result of this product, Tokyo will be autonomy city.
Levitation fan
Green Belt In residental area, we propose ground maintenance. Various plant will grow at vacant ground, and melt the boundary of the region. As a result, an ecotone will be formed.
A Research Facility Using a existing university, we plan a base of industry.
Aglicultual Area People can save foods for a disaster. When Tokyo meet a disaster, people can live a self-sufficiency life.
Platform of Green Ride Platform of Green Ride will be build at the site where Shinagawa Station previously stood. Tokyo monorail
Plan Plot Plan Plot
Process
According to the govrernment of Japan, the probability that a fierce earthquake directly could hit Tokyo in the next 30 years is 70 percent. Therefore, we envisioned the future where the resilient society will be realized in Tokyo with the earthquake as a turning point. The resilient society will be able to deal with any natural disasters well.
Resilience in Urban Life
20XX an Earthquake strikes
Resilience in Industry
Natural Field and Green Belt
We propose to change concrete roads into more natural fields and increase urban greenery areas. That would reduce the amount of runoff and enable people to enjoy nature in daily life.
20XX an Earthquake strikes
Resilience in Ecosystem
Agriculture and Sea farming
Reopening primary industries, such as sea farming and laver culture, and agriculture in urban ecotone would contribute to a self-sufficient society.
20XX an Earthquake strikes
Ecosysetem Services
Growing The Kandelia obovataʼ s forest in the Tokyo Bay, where it would rise in temperature caused by grobal warming, served as the breakwater while becoming a source of biomass energy.
Fishing Boat (laver culture)
Dry Beach Green Ride
Fishery Area
Neutral Field
Restration an ecosystem of Tokyo Waterfront
Various Ecosystem
Halophilous Plants
Urban Ecotone
Kandelia Obovatas Forest
2105 Daily 21XX Disaster
Green Ride (Rescue Operation)
Cherry trees (Precipice Line)
Flexible Ground (Rainfall Infiltration)
Green Ride (Transport of Fish)
Green Ride (Transport of Crops) Reducing damage from storm surges, waves and tides
Residential Area
Plant Factory
Platform of Green Ride
Green Breakwater
As a concrete proposal, we designed community gardens with “Okusei,” a profound Japanese notion about the depth of spaces. Spaces having “Okusei” enourage people to keep moving forward and search deeper.
06
綴
Borrowing Landscape
-「まち庭」が綴る京都の景 -
-Community gardens create a new landscape of Kyoto-
Site Analysis Park Activities
Location: Kyoto, Japan Level of the Project: Design Competition, first semester, 2018 Individual/Group Work: Group (5 people) Superviser: Prof. Tetuso Nemoto, nemoto@cc.nara-wu.ac.jp Date, Carried Out: May 26, 2018 Role in the Process: Concept Making, Drawing This is a design competition work to create a new landscape enhancing the quality of the city by expoiting the power of gardens in Kyoto. I managed my group as a senior student. We proposed changing underutilized areas into community gardens, which we defined as a place between a park and a Japanese garden, based on the traditional Japanese perspective on nature. As a concrete proposal, we designed two gardens along the Kamo River using the Japanese garden's design method, such as borrowed landscape and Okusei, a profound notion about the depth of space. They would connect the gardens with the surrounding natural and urban elements. Ultimately, the gardens would create an ecological network which enhances the ecosystem services and accessibility by linking existing gardens and tourist spots, thereby enabling residents and tourists to enjoy nature in the city.
Modern
Garden Appreciation Traditional
Public Control Nature
Kamo River
Private Respect Nature
Community Garden Defined a community garden between a park and a garden, and proposed to change unused open spaces, such as parking and vacant lands, desolate playgrounds into cmmunity gardens.
Imperial Palace Site
Kyoto Sta.
Community Garden Network The network would enhance the ecosystem services and accessibilities in Kyoto.
Misosogi River
Kamo River
Pontocho Street
Kiyamachi Street
Takase River
40
80(m)
The facades along the Pontocho street keep the street sequences with a good view to the river.
Frame and street sequences The architecture which blends into the scenery keeps the north-south street sequences. Open sailing spaces in the center of architecture serve as gateways and frames having vista from east to west. The Kawadoko and terrace produce the space to rest and enhance the east-west mobility.
The architecture serves as a frame having vista from the Kiyamachi street toward the Kamo River.
Community Garden for the Local and Tourists
Kawadoko We can find lining restaurants and teahouses opening up balconies on the Misosogi River each summer. It’s one of the summer featuers in Kyoto. In the garden, visitors can take a rest here.
Takase River
Keep the Street Sequences
The commercial complex would contribute to managing the garden by the profits. Other facilities help the local build a good relationship with tourists.
Misosogi River
Kamo River
Atelier Commercial Complex Gallery Information Center Koban(Police Box) Bicycle Parking Area
view Groundwater Recharge through Gravel Roads N 0
10
20
Kawabata-dori St.
Pontocho Street
Kamo River
Community Garden for local people and tourists
３F ２F
Sanjo-ohashi Bridge
The garden which is directly connected to a major station would embrace too many tourists in Kyoto. The educational programs enhance the quality of local people’s lives.
view
Observation Deck Groundwater Recharge through Gravel Roads Sanjo Station’s Platform
Kamo River Lake Biwa Canal
Satelite Campus Library Cafe Preschool
Visitors can enjoy seeing the river view from the observation deck on the top floor.
Hollow Place and Architecture We designed hollow places and small buildings in the garden as we deigned a traditional Japanese rock garden which uses only white sand and stone configurations. visitors can enjoy appreciating the garden which benefits from the scenery of Mt. Higashi.
Sanjo Station Building The architecture connects the Sanjo Station underground with the street level directly and vertically. On the top floor, visitors can enjoy seeing both the river view on the west and the garden view on the east.
N 0
10
20
40
80(m)
The local people feel relaxed in the garden which is directly connected to the major station at night.
TABLE OF CONTENTS When I was a senior in college, I participated in an architectural summer held at Koyasan, a world heritage site, NWU workshop THESIS PROJECT organized by the Art and Architect Festa, a non-profit organization. I built a conceptual folly symbolizing the relationships in Koyasan, which exist in perfect harmony with a delicate balance with students from other universities. We won the 1st prize for our work, which was based on a reading of place and incorporated into the design. The experience of this workshop gave me a taste of the difficulties and enjoyments of the actual process of creating architecture. In addition, I Led my group in analyzing the site and proposing a concept, and coordinated with team members as only one landscape architecture student in the group. Through the experience, I realized how important it is to collaborate with other professions in order to reach the highest level of work.
WORKSHOP
07
天のしるべ
A Signpost to Heaven
07
天のしるべ
Site Analysis
A Signpost to Heaven Location: Koyasan, Wakayama, Japan Level of the Project: Extracurricular Workshop, summer, 2015 Individual/Group Work: Group (6 people) Superviser: Prof. Naoyuki Nagata, rs9n-ngt@asahi-net.or.jp Date, Carried Out: August 31, 2015 Role in the Process: Concept Making, Constructing
We built the folly at the Kongobuji Temple, the head temple of Koyasan Shingon Buddhism. It was first constructed in 1953. Environment Elements Konpon Daito
As a senior in college, I participated in the Architectural Student Folly Competition held in Koyasan, one of Japan’ s sacred mountains. It was hosted by Art and Architect Festa, a NPO conduct activities to promote the culture of art and architecture. I buit a brief folly in copperation with five different grade members from other universities, and won first place. I led my group by analyzing the site and proposing the concept, and coordinated with team members as only one landscape architecture student. We made this folly along the way to the Miyashiro, a shrine for the local deity, as a signpost. The form of our folly, which wooden frames supported each other in high tension, symbolized all relationships in Koyasan. The relationships between nature and people, the temple town on top of the mountain and the villages at foot of mountains, as well as Shinto and Buddhism - all of these exist in perfect harmony with a delicate state.
Kondo
Konpon Daito Kondo Proposal Site
Sanno-in
Miyashiro
Site Sanno-in Miyashiro
Kongobuji Temple
Koyasan Shingon Sect Main Temple Kongobu-ji.
Jan
Feb
Feb
July
2015 Summer Sep
Aug Research and Discussion
Order Materials and Consider Details
Construction and Presentation
We discussed twice a week via Skype while making models. I contributed to the group by researching and analyzing Koyasan, and made efforts to gain a consensus to build a conceptual folly symbolizing Koyasan.
We discussed the details and provided a work execution plan. We spend two days making wooden frames from cypress woods grown in Koyasan.
We stayed Koyasan from the 25th to the 31st. We spend four days making the frame and examining the construction method, the angle of the frames, and safety at a warehouse. After that, the local helped us carry the frames with a crane. We made a presentation on 30th, and won first place in cooperation with members.
60 mm 180 mm 21
00
Ideology
mm
00
21
mm
Structure Climate
Harmonious Society
We decided to symbolize this place, where all releationships exist in perfect harmony with a delicate state.
We designed a Hourai, a picture to worship for the diety. The mark is a symbol for eternality.
SITE
4 July
First Session and Field Survey
Group Members
This is a signpost to the local diety, which symbolizes all relationship in Koyasan.
It was the first meeting which was held on site. After lectures from the local people and the brief field survey, our group selected this space as the site in the temple.
Frames were not secured and built a sense of tension.
30 August 1, 2 August
Medium Review
Architecture professors commented our presentation, explaining our concept on the first day. We discussed the materials and the building construction method with architects who are working at concstruction companies and our advisers.
Final Review
We made a presentation at the temple for local people and 10 architecture professors. Our folly was valued in terms of the bold and unique construction and the conceptual form, and won first place.
Thank you !