gardenesque in the Royal Botanical Gardens today Conclusion

2 3

In Von Mueller’s attempt to establish his exotic collection, most of the indigenous plants were removed. This was further accelerated by Guilfoyle’s design modifications. One of the few surviving remnants include the Seperation Tree (see fig. 13).

12

14 13

9 Fig. 13. Ancient eucalyptus – the Seperation Tree – a relic of the ancestral meeting place for the Indigenous of the Fig. 12. Picturesque display of bamboo trees Eastern Kulin Nation – vandalism and near foothpath – in the larger context of the age has put the health of the tree at risk. (see position on fig. 4 and 11) Gardens, this can be viewed as an exotic display that celebrates the individual bamboo species. (see position on fig. 4 and 11)

Straightened Yarra River

Modified lagoon to form ornamental lake with more islands

Fern Gully (located at the site of the Aviary on fig. 4) Curvilinear paths with shortened breaks, with planting positioning enabling picturesque views to the lagoon and other planting areas

White space is open lawn area Melbourne’s Royal Botanical Gardens in large part still retains its gardenesque design principles, albeit in a picturesque setting, through its segregation of significant individual plant species from abroad in different sections of the garden that allow these species to be viewed as exotic (see fig. 12). 16

Even though they do not retain the individual spatial distances characteristic of Von Mueller’s gardenesque layout, some places within the Gardens, which although modified by Guilfoyle’s garden redesign in 1909, still celebrate the individual plant species and allow the garden as a whole to reach its full potential within nature, and within the modern city as a recreational retreat (see fig. 9, 10, 12 and 14).

Fig. 11 Botanic Gardens, 1909, showing changes and additions made by Guilfoyle Clustered groupings of trees - contrasting to Von Mueller’s ordered layout of tree plantings Fig. 14. Tropical glasshouse – displays prominent tropical rainforest plants such as Ceratozamia mexicana and Amorphophallus titanum (see position on fig. 4 and 11)

see corresponding figure number on fig. 4 and 11 maps

1.6. References

Green spaces are clustered groupings of trees (similar to the ones in fig. 5) - dense plantings here

City of Melbourne. “Building Melbourne.” Accessed September 2020, https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/about-melbourne/melbourne-heritage/history/pages/building-melbourne.aspx

Loudon, John Claudius. The suburban gardener, and villa companion. London: A. Spottiswoode, New-Street-Square, 1838.

Morris, Colleen. “The Diffusion of Useful Knowledge: John Claudius Loudon and His Influence in the Australian Colonies.” Garden History 32, no. 1 (Spring, 2004): 101-123. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1587316?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents

Natural History Museum. “Mueller, Ferdinand Jacob Heinrich von (1825-1896).” Accessed September 2020, https://plants.jstor.org/stable/history/10.5555/al.ap.person.bm000005866

Royal Botanic Gardens Board Victoria. “Aboriginal Heritage Walk.” Accessed September 2020, https://www.rbg.vic.gov.au/whats-on/aboriginal-heritage-walk/ Royal Botanic Gardens Board Victoria. “Plan your visit,” Accessed September 2020, https://www.rbg.vic.gov.au/visit-melbourne Rutherford, Sarah. “Our rich Australian botanic garden heritage.” Australian Garden History 27, no. 1 (July 2015): 22-24. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24919039?seq=2#metadata_info_tab_contents Saniga, Andrew. “Civic Arts and The City Beautiful.” Lecture, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC, September 15, 2020. The University of Melbourne. “Landscapes in Time,” Accessed September 2020, http://landscapes.314.net.au/ Victoria State Government. Hamilton Botanic Gardens Master Plan: Volume 2: Background report. Melbourne: State Government of Victoria, 2015. http://www.sthgrampians.vic.gov.au/Files/Recreation/RecreationHamilton_Botanic_Gardens_Master_Plan_Vol2_Background_Report.pdf FIGURE REFERENCES

Fig. 1. Chopdekar, Manasi. Butia Palms (native to Brazil), Melbourne Royal Botanical Gardens, 2020, color pencils on paper, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria. Image reference from Botanical garden photography. “Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne.” Accessed September 2020, http://www.botanicalgardenphotography.com/melbourne-botanical.html

Fig. 2. Chopdekar, Manasi. Plaque commemorating the Aboriginal heritage of the site, 2020, color pencils on paper, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria. Image reference from Google Street View 2019.

Fig. 3. Chopdekar, Manasi. Plaque commemorating all the curators of the Gardens from its establishment to current time, 2020, color pencils on paper, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria. Image reference from Google Street View 2019.

Fig. 4. Chopdekar, Manasi. Botanic Gardens, 1873, Upon the Retirement of von Mueller from the Directorship, 1873, 2020, color pencils on paper, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria. Map reference from The University of Melbourne. “Landscapes in Time,” Accessed September 2020, http://landscapes.314.net.au/ Fig. 5. Chopdekar, Manasi. John Thompson’s suggested plan for the area around Hyde Park, Kensington Gardens, Green Park and St James's Park, 2020, color pencils on paper, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria. Image reference from Morris, Colleen. “The Diffusion of Useful Knowledge: John Claudius Loudon and His Influence in the Australian Colonies.” Garden History 32, no. 1 (Spring, 2004): 110. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1587316?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents Fig. 6. Chopdekar, Manasi. Gardenesque layout of trees, as of 2019, 2020, color pencils on paper, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria. Image reference from Google Street View 2019. Fig. 7. Chopdekar, Manasi. Loudon’s design for Derby Arboretum, 2020, color pencils on paper, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria. Image reference from Gardenvisit. “Derby Arboretum.” Accessed September 2020, https://www.gardenvisit.com/gardens/derby_arboretum Fig. 9. Chopdekar, Manasi. Species rose collection near Tecoma Pavilion at Melbourne’s Royal Botanic Gardens, 2020, color pencils on paper, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria. Image reference from Botanical garden photography. “Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne.” Accessed September 2020, http://www.botanicalgardenphotography.com/melbourne-botanical.html

Fig. 10. Chopdekar, Manasi. Araucaria cunninghamii Hoop pine, 2020, color pen cils on paper, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria. Image reference from Botanical garden photography. “Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne.” Accessed September 2020, http://www.botanicalgardenphotography.com/melbourne-botanical.html

Fig. 11. Chopdekar, Manasi. Botanic Gardens, 1873, Upon the Retirement of von Mueller from the Directorship, 1873, 2020, color pencils on paper, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria. Map reference from The University of Melbourne. “Landscapes in Time,” Accessed September 2020,

http://landscapes.314.net.au/ Fig. 12. Chopdekar, Manasi. Picturesque display of bamboo trees near foothpath, 2020, color pencils on paper, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria. Image reference from Google Street View 2019.

Fig. 13. Chopdekar, Manasi. Ancient eucalyptus – the Seperation Tree, 2020, color pencils on paper, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria. Image reference from The University of Melbourne. “Landscapes in Time,” Accessed September 2020, http://landscapes.314.net.au/

Fig. 14. Chopdekar, Manasi. Tropical glasshouse, 2020, color pencils on paper, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria. Image reference from Vedmovskaya, Vlada. Tropical Glasshouse, 2019. Google Maps.