Fashion studio - Interior design thesis

Redesigning of a shopping mall into a -

FASHION STUDIO “Designing the spaces of fashion studio to enhance business”

SPACE / ART / PRACTICE

Year - 2020

Thesis report by -

Manika Batra

Year - 2020

DESIGN WON’T SAVE DAMM SURE MAKE

THE WORLD, BUT IT IT LOOK GOOD

ABSTRACT A growing fashion industry has developed in recent years, increasing the local business in the field. And that brings the need to create a more professional and efficient environment for the employees as well as clients.

The purpose was to generate knowledge about the work done in projects that can be utilized in fashion brand’s office.

Creating a working and creative environment for the efficient working and making the local business to expand .

Therefore, the drivers of my design are understanding the flow and needs of each specialty, functionality, ergonomics, comfort, working space, visual appeal, environments which look good on day one and for many years to follow, ability to be maintained .

This is achieved through thorough study of materials, equipment specifications and practice of standards laboratory guidelines.

CHITKARA SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE

CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis report entitled “fashion hub” is a bonafide work carried out by MANIKA BATRA , (1745991321) D/O Mr. Deepak Kumar batra and Mrs. Sarita batra partial fulfilment of the elective of 6th semester , B.Des in the year 20202021.

The project has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirement with respect to the project work prescribed by CHITKARA UNIVERSITY . PUNJAB.

Prof. Atul Dutta Head of the department

Designer Harleen Kaur Assistant professor

External juror

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am using this opportunity to express my gratitude to my project teachers, for their aspiring guidance, invaluable constructive criticism and advice during the project work.

I am sincerely grateful to them for sharing their truthful and illuminating views on a number of issues related to the project and for her constant help and support throughout the complete process.

I would also like to thanks Ar. Maninder Singh, Ar. Atul dutta, designer Asmita Sharma and designer Smita patra and designer harleen Kaur for inspiring and motivating me.

I heartily thanks my friends Tanya, Ankit, Arun, Sanchi for encouraging me and for taking keen interest in my thesis project by helping me in gathering all the necessary information.

I also thank interior Designer Mansimran Singh for providing me all the material and guidance required.

I would also thanks my mother Mrs. Sarita batra for inspiring me for this project. being a fashion designer she guided me with the requirements of a fashion studio

DECLARATION This work contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or other institutions and its best of my knowledge does not contain any material previously published or written by another person except where due references has been made in the text.

I consent this copy of thesis ,when in the library , being available on issue and photocopying.

Students name & roll no. – MANIKA BATRA 1745991321

Sign: date:

TABLE OF CONTENT TOPIC

SNO. 1

SYNOPSIS

1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9

2 2.1 2.2 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.2.5 2.2.6 2.2.7 2.2.8 2.2.9 2.2.10 2.2.11 2.2.12 2.2.13 2.2.14

3 3.1 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.1.4 3.2 3.3

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Site overview Research Site brief Site plan Aim &objective Scope & Challenges Why fashion studio ?

Needs & aspiration Methodology

11 11 11-12 13-14 15 16 17 17 18

PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS

19-69

Fashion studio Literature study Reception Staff spaces Meeting spaces Library Cafeteria Multifunctional hall Workshop area Display area Backstage area Photography studio Shopping store Break–out area Coffee station Service rooms

20-22 23-69 24-26 27-31 32-35 36-37 38-42 43-45 46-49 50-51 52-55 56-57 58-62 63-64 65-66 67-69

DESIGN ELEMENTS

70-94

Aesthetic factors Lighting Colors Interior landscape Finishes Standards for disabled persons COVID guidelines

71-72 73-78 79-84 85-86 87-89 90-92 93-94

TABLE OF CONTENT TOPIC

SNO.

PAGE NO.

4

CASE STUDY

95-107

4.1 4.2 4.3

VE GRANDE – headquarters LOJA COLETIZA – restaurant & retail interiors ELISSA STAMPA- fashion design office

96-99 100-103 104-107

5

CONTEXT

5.1 5.2

Site analysis Site justification

6

DESIGN TRANSLATIONS

6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8

7

Programme formulation Zoning Site plans Proposed plans and elevation Front elevation Flooring Mood boards Sketches

Bibliography

108-110 109 110

111-130 112-113 114-115 116-117 118-119 120 121 122-126 127

C H A P T E R 1

SYNOPSIS

SLVER ARC MALL , LUDHIANA ,PUNJAB SITE OVERVIEW In this project I took a site (two floors) of shopping mall .The shopping mall is located in Ludhiana , Punjab NAME – SILVER ARC. It is a seven floor building including the ground floor.

I come up with the idea of redesigning the site into a CORPORATE OFFICE . The site seems perfectly ideal for redesigning it into a corporate office space.

I will be taking the ground floor and the first floor for my project .

RESEARCH Corporate office is the main office, also the headquarters .of a corporation. It is usually a hub of the designing company and often serves as the central location .it is generally maintained by the executives of the company including CEO. It is the place where the employees spend most of the time in the day , the corporate office includes reception , a working area , office for CEO and managers , refreshment area ,conference room , recreational area and pantry area.

It can include the place according to the choices and purpose of the office that is the interiors of the office reflects the purpose and objective of the firm, Depending on the purpose of the firm the requirements of the office also stimulates.

Users – staff & security members, local & tourist visitors (of all age groups)

SITE BRIEF Ludhiana is a city and a municipal corporation in Ludhiana district in the Indian state of Punjab. Ludhiana is Punjab's largest city and the largest city north of Delhi. The city has an area of 159 km2 (61 sq. mi) The Silver Arc Global Mall is one of the popular malls in Ludhiana having a good collection of clothing and lifestyle brands and dining options. It is a great place to spend quality time with family and friends. There is a food court where ONE can choose from a plethora of options.

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LOCATIONFerozpur road, Ludhiana The average annual temperature is 24.3 °C | 75.7 °F in Ludhiana. In a year, the rainfall is 726 mm | 28.6

inch.

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GROUND FLOOR SITE PLAN

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FIRST FLOOR SITE PLAN

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The site is at the city center, Ferozepur road , Ludhiana.

Site area – 13000 sq. feet.

Site is in rectangular shape.

LUDHIANA, STATE OF PUNJAB

AIM OF THE STUDY • • • •

To create a working environment aesthetically appealing interactive, creative and inspiring platforms for various professionals pertaining to fashion industry.

To make it comfortable for the employees to work in and the clients to visit.

To understand all the processes involved in fashion technology with its own characteristics spatial requirements.

Understanding the functional hierarchy of the entire space yet not undermining the design of each section and their arrangement

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY • • • • •

To develop a fashion hub that has mix of fashion, buisness, entertain, culture and leisure and powerful identity .

To develop a space that is synonymous to fashion, a statement of time..

To incorporate spaces that will help that will nurture and help the upcoming fashion designers providing them with marketing support To provide a good working environment for the creation , workshop, exhibition to provide an interactive place.

To provide facilities for conducting research into various foreign. fashions and its trends in order to keep abreast with fast moving fashion sense.

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DESIGN OBJECTIVE • The outdoor spaces are as important as the indoor spaces, therefore, the landscape is to be properly integrated inn the design with the terrain.

• Exploration of the urban context and the building. It will give an insight into the fashion industry and help in better understanding of the space that will be required for the various activities and events.

Context will help in understanding better the complexities of the site.

• Understand how interior and fashion can be linked tangibly.

• Understand the physical setting of the site and local culture .

SCOPE This fashion studio is a center of commerce which will include.

• Administrative offices • Design and production workspaces.

• Event areas • Retail outlets • Photography studio • Fashion exhibition and modelling gallery • Unisex salons and treatment centers.

• Restaurant and restrooms • Recreational areas • Landscape – indoor and outdoor

CHALLANGES •

•

•

A number of shopping malls, garment industries, research and development centres for the textile industries somehow fail to provide an interior Icon, which the fashion industry can relate to and Identify with as a symbol of their profession.

The challenge would be to create and merge a space and buildings with which would keep the glamorous image of the fashion world and also follow the principles of an office.

The building has to be symbolic of the professional stream they are catering to Which is the very forward and forever beaming with new ideas.

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+ WHY FASHION STUDIO ?

India has excelled in thought leadership by providing a pool of creative and technically competent professionals. Fashion hub provides a common platform for apparel production, retail, fashion events and exhibitions. the world has been moving amazingly fast and becoming fiercely competitive in all the spheres of human activities.

The situation calls for massive expansion of fashion industry. The urgent need of time is to lay emphasis on quality apparel designing and showcasing the same to strive vigorously for global excellence and acceptability.

The common platform allows designers to easily blend into a global network of trade and fashion, as well as acquire a greater appreciation of local industry.

NEED AND ASPIRATION • •

To develop a space that is synomous to fashion, a statement of time.

To successfully provide a permanent high end hub for Indian fashion and to integrate it’s various aspect.

• Create a small one stop for fashion related activities and information in a provided place for various sectors of people-exhibitors, fashion designers , speculators, common public etc.

• To give the Indian fashion business grand leap Hence, the project is an attempt to make people aware about the fashion and the process, and produce respect for the same. And to make India emerge as a major hub for international fashion events.

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METHODOLOGY A well – defined and systematic approach would be adopted while going about each and every aspect of he design proposal on “the fashion hub”. The steps that would be followed are as under.

Identification of the project

Listing various components and need

Defining the project and its objective Understanding the function of space

Framework preparation

Literature review

Case studies

Background study

Online Case studies

Setting aims and objectives

Inferences

Comparative analysis

Lessons learnt/conclusions

Program formulation Concept development

Development of concept into drawings (plans, elevation) Fully worked out design proposal supported with 3-D views THESIS/FASHION STUDIO

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C H A P T E R 2

FASHION STUDIO

FASHION STUDIO - INTRODUCTION Fashion hub is a meeting point for all the major activities related to fashion. It is an amalgamation of retail spaces, exhibition area, museum, library, conference room, seminar rooms, office, production units, ramp show areas, food court , boarding facilities etc.

Fashion studio is basically a multipurpose project enveloping the different disciplines of fashion industry. major aspects it is going to cater are ;• • •

Exhibition of fashion products.

Production of commercial area.

Fashion education

Indian fashion is recognized as one of the areas tat have tremendous potential for the growth in times to come. considering the potential in the industry and the need for proper utilization of resources, there is a frequent urge of having a well- developed infrastructure ensuring optimum growth of fashion industry • Fashion studio’s are dedicated to scouting, training and promotion of Fashion Talents.

• With Fashion Hub, emerging designers have the entire know how, a network of professionals and a considerable contact Fashion education list.

• Fashion studio thereby refers to a place where fashion designers or fashion photographers conduct their workspace work.

• A fashion designer's studio on the other hand is the space where a fashion Production area designer designs and makes his/her clothes.

What is fashion?

Fashion is a popular style or practice, especially in clothing , footwear, accessories, makeup, body piercing. Fashion is a distinctive and often habitual trend in the style in which a person dresses. It is the prevailing styles in behavior and the newest creation soft ex tiles designers. Because the more technical term costume is regularly linked to the term ‘fashion” generally means clothing, including the study of it although aspects of fashion can be feminine or masculine, some trends are erogenous

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What is studio?

A studio is a place where we try to accommodate every component of a particular industry related to the previous, on- going and future developments. A studio also consists of seminar rooms, production rooms, show rooms, resource centre etc. depending on the need of industry.

Fashion industry The fashion industry is the product of the modern age. With the rise of new technologies such as the sewing machine ,the rise of global capitalism and the development of the factory system for production and proliferation of the retail outlets such as fashion brands.

The fashion industry consist of four levels •

• • •

The production of raw materials, principally fibers and textiles but also either and fur. he production of fashion goods by designers, manufacturers, contractors and other.

Retail sales.

Various forms of advertising and promotion

These levels consist of many separate but interdependent sectors. These sectors are textile design and production, fashion design and manufacturing, fashion retailing, marketing and merchandise . Fashion shows, media and marketing..

Each sector is devote to the goal of satisfying consumer demands for apparel, under the conditions that enable participants in the industry to operate at a gift.

Accessory fashion design

Footwear fashion design

Textile fashion design

Clothing fashion design

Fashion and interior The “fashion of architecture” by bradely quin, is the first attempt to investigate the contemporary relationship between architecture, interior and fashion in considerable depth, by examining's the ideas, imagery, techniques and materials. If we talk about interiors and fashion, both can be an inspiration for a fashion design. All example of interiors, whether traditional or contemporary , can cause a spark to designers.

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Interior designers are borrowing the technique s of pleating, stapling, cutting, and draping from traditional tailoring to design buildings that are flexible, interactive, inflatable and even portable.

Although the relationship between interior and fashion was recognized a long time before, the connection between them has rarely been explored but with the trend of social marketing it has established a strong and a mandatory relation..

If the designers are willing to promote and advertise their collection, the first thing after making the outfits is to set the interior to have a good click of their product so that it attracts the customers more.

Need of fashion hub The world has a fashion capital that is inevitably Paris, the new York, London, berlin, Milan follow suit. The chum out the world class fashion that trail blaze. The newest fashion trends stem from Paris only and rest of the world follows in blindfolds. This got us thinking wat if India too had a fashion capital? The apparel sector also contributes to 6.5% of India's total exports recording.

India is the house to the world class brands and their flagship stores, hence India is a shopper’s paradise too. Let’s shed some more light into the fashion scene in India to validate the point..

• Bollywood or Hindi film industry is in India which makes for the predominant reason why we would need the next fashion hubs in India. Glamour and fashion is connected to Bollywood with a musicals chard hence India undoubtedly is the next fashion hub • The top most India's designers such as Manish Malhotra , Tarun. Tahiliani, Nita Lula, falguni shane peacock,sabysachi have their flagship store in India.

• India economy, one of the fastest growing economies of the world, is witnessing major shifts in consumer preferences . Increasing disposable income, brand awareness and increasing tech savvy millennial population are the driving factors of corporatized retail within the country. Overall, Indian retail scenario has shown sustainable long –term growth compared to other developing economies.

• Infrastructural bottlenecks and efficiency – Indian fashion retail industry faces challenge of inadequate infrastructure such as poor conditions of roads etc,which result in becoming roadblock in growth of apparel fashion industry. India to grow to its fullest potential , would have to invest heavily in infrastructure such as proper connectivity pf roads, inland

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LITERATURE STUDY - Types of spaces and activities

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Reception area is a section of office space that is used to greet all visitors and to provide a waiting area for them until they are met by the person that they came to meet with.

RECEPTION

The reception is the part of a company that comes in contact with clients, such as the marketing, sales, and service departments.

Reception area is critical in communicating an organization’s desired corporate image . Reception areas are both the first and last areas with which the visitors interact and accordingly, have considerable visual impact in communicating that image.

Typical: 90 sq. ft.

A reception workstation may be located in an open or secure area. The reception workstation is dimensioned based on the typical 72 sq...ft workstation with an additional 36”wide section added for barrier free access as per Universal Design Guidelines.

The size of the reception area will be in direct proportion to both the type and size of business. The sophistication and associated cost of building a stylish reception area, versus a basic one will depend in large part on what happens in the business RECEPTION CON SIST OF• Receptionist desk/station •A comfortable and ergonomically appropriate chair for the receptionist • Chairs for guests to use while waiting • A table to hold literature or magazines or to provide a surface for visitors for their purses, their briefcases, or other personal belongings while waiting

RECEPTION DESK/ STATION. The reception counter is not an ordinary piece of furniture. Its front should be fancy and at the same time convenient for users, always clean, durable, and elegant.

Counter from the inside conceals discreetly the mass of cabinets and shelves with documents, necessary electronics, monitoring preview, computers, printers, lockers, money boxes, etc. around the area.

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If the office that is visited is also a retail location, there will likely be the need for a retail display, or several, depending on the size of the business. In this case, it is best to consider how to outfit the reception area to make it conducive for visitors to be tempted to purchase products.

Widths for horizontal circulation Primary circulation 1.5 -2.0m.sq Secondary circulation– 0.9 – 1.5m.sq Territory circulation 0.550.75m.sq Lift lobbies 3.0m.sq

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WAITING AREA With patients and visitors spending a large portion of their visit in reception areas, it's important they have a comfortable and welcoming space for them to wait. ...

A space that elicits a calm and soothing energy helps reduce patient and visitor anxiety.

• Waiting areas may include chairs, coat storage, display material (bulletin board, pamphlet rack etc.), child play area, and public access workstations.

• Individual seats are preferred over sofa’s • Corner seating arrangements must always consider leg clearance.

• Circulation between low tables and the edges of chairs must be adequate to allow for the legs of persons seated in the chairs.

• Convenient location for side tables, so that magazines, ashtrays, artwork, or portable lighting can be placed on them.

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A Working space in an office is generally a room or other area where an organization's employees perform administrative work in order to support and realize objects and goals of the organization.

STAFF SPACES

Staff are typically placed in 72 sq. ft. workstations (8'-0"x9'-0"), which can either be open or surrounded by screens. The standard workstation is sized to accommodate an accessible, barrier free turning radius.

Private offices may be provided to Directors and above. Where staff spend more than 60 per cent of their time out of the office and do not require individual, dedicated space, the standard workstation shall be shared. This may include part time, itinerant or field staff.

The provision of a single workstation size is intended to encourage greater flexibility and allow for a higher number of “suitcase” moves, where the furniture stays in place and only desk contents are reassigned.

The organization works with the divisions of employees in different departments. And every department and employee requires workspace according to the nature of their work and status.

Workspaces

workstations

Cabins

Private offices

Workstations- wth visitors

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Workstations with computer



Workstations

•

•

workstation can be in different sizes and shapes and normally will have partition in front of the desk with certain feet of height.

Workstations can be designed for individual works and for group work.

These workstations helps out in easy accessibility between different employees and probably used by managers, team leader.

The surface has also different coating of material.



Cabins

• • •

Cabins can either be open by close.

Cabins can either be made of glass or wood.

As most companies look to activate team players so they don’t believe in providing closed rooms to each employee.

These cubicles provide them a separate place to work peacefully and also keep them connected with colleagues.

On the other hand, closed glass cabins are usually utilized for meetings. Such open view cabins are known to trigger new ideas, business strategies and important discussions.

•

•

• •

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

Multiple workstations



Private offices

Private office provides an atmosphere of status to employees who are provided that type of space.

Typically, those in a position of authority will get an office or a larger office through promotions. It is a status symbol that has been in the business world for centuries, and many employees still use it as a major career milestone. Industries where climbing the ladder is essential would benefit the most from these office design ideas.

To design of the private office requires a knowledge of the basic dimensional requirements and clearance of the executive workstation and, where applicable of visitor seating accommodations.

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•

Storage

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•

Office layout

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Meeting Rooms are enclosed spaces which are considered a shared amenity to all provincial occupants of a building. All provincial occupants of the building are able to book this asset.

MEETING AREA’S

Meeting spaces should be provided on the basis of Agile Working, being the preferred working method. This allows for at least 1 alternative meeting or social space per workstation. In respect of meeting rooms the availability of larger central rooms should be considered and the requirement for smaller rooms should be prioritized.

MEETING ROOMS

Conference room

Teaching room

Collaborative room

Wherever possible, access to the meeting rooms should be off of a common corridor, elevator lobby, etc. and not located within a client’s dedicated space. If a client is the only provincial occupant of a building, access may be provided through the tenant space, however, consideration should be given to locating the room adjacent to common corridors/ lobbies to allow for easy future conversion.

Furniture layouts must allow for an accessible turning radius.

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Conference room

Conference rooms are for conference calls, board meetings, management discussions, and other major decision-making situations. They are some of the most elaborate meeting rooms in an office, both in terms of AV gear and furniture. Only companies of a certain size or maturity will truly need conference rooms Conference Room Equipment •Whiteboard with pens. ...

•The right chairs and table. ...

•The right projector and viewport. Is there anything more annoying then non-functioning technology? ...

•Cables and cords. ...

•Functioning A/V equipment. ...

•Audio or video conferencing equipment. ...

•A coffee maker and/or hot water boiler for tea



Teaching room

Training room or seminar space with the right layout and location makes all the difference in your learning.

Experience Training is not only aimed at increasing the productivity of employees but also making the workplace more pleasant. A training session are for the teams or the interns to focus on the improvement of the quality various management techniques.

•

Collaborative room

Meetings are no longer just formal boardroom conversations. Today, a quick chat over a water cooler may be just as productive as one that takes place around a conference table. workforce needed a space that would give them the freedom to take on multiple roles and activities, without compromising on transparency and collaboration. Based on this insight, we explored the design possibilities stemming from a conceptual glass box..

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Phone booths

Step seating

Meeting booths

Table shapes, sizes and capacities

Brainstorm zones

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Round conference tables offer the advantage of intimacy, “equality”, and compactness. On the other hand, if status is an issue, or if one wall within the space is an audiovisual wall, this table shape can be less than satisfactory.

The same problem can arise with a square conference table. In both instances, however the total seating around each table shape must be viewed in the context of the chair size, chair spacing, and tasks to be performed at the table.

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

Conference room Layout

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A collection of manuscripts, publications, and other materials for reading, viewing, listening, study, or reference. a collection of any materials for study and enjoyment,

LIBRARY

Library gives a space to the employee too use their time more productively in the office . the library floor plan should include: •Assistant Librarian's Office: It includes Assistant Librarian's Chamber and his office.

•Circulation Section: This section mainly deals with issue, Return, Renewal and Reservation of books through the latest Barcode technology to all the library members.

•Text Book Section: The Library maintains a separate collection of textbooks that are recommended .

•Reading Hall: A portion of Library segregated as an independent Library Reading Hall.

•Newspaper Section: section for reading current newspapers.

•Digital Resource Center: This Section is mainly responsible for offering computer-based library services.

Shelving It is difficult to develop precise formulas by which to design library shelving or to project the number of books, that can be accommodated on a unit base because of many variables involved.

The size of books, the types of books, ad other reading materials, that reach limitations of the user, etc. all have an impact upon the design requirements.

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It is difficult to develop precise formulas by which to design library shelving or to project the number of books, that can be accommodated on a unit base because of many variables involved. The size of books, the types of books, ad other reading materials, that reach limitations of the user, etc. all have an impact upon the design requirements.

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CAFETERIA Cafeteria is where you select and pay for food yourself, or a dining area where meals can be purchased or brought from home. The big room with a lunch line and tables.

In primary space planning, the general rule of thumb for determining the area allotted is that the dining area should comprise of most of total area. The kitchen, storage and preparation area should take up the remaining space.

These dimensions will have to be adjusted if you plan on having a waiting area or a bar. But those should be the approximate percentages for the total area.

Furniture Guideline1s: •Table Height: 29″ – 30″ •Bar Height 30″ – 36″1 – 42″ •Seat Height 17″ – 18″ •Bar Stool Height 29″ – 301

Designing seating plan will depend on what type of restaurant fine dining may require 20 square feet per person.

It is common for most restaurants or coffee shops with that have a general menu to average at 15 square feet per person.

Staff This is taking into account space needed for traffic aisles, area wait stations, cashier, etc. One small station should 40% take up 6–10 square feet, sufficient for 20 diners. area One large central station should be anywhere from kitchen 25–40 square feet. This would be sufficient for 60 diners. If bar stools. the restaurant will have a bar, Dining area in determining the length it should allow for 1 foot 8 inches to 1 foot10 inches per person for standing 60% area room only. If it is going to have seating at the bar, there should be a distance of 2 feet between .

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Kitchen layout Components of commercial kitchen • Cleaning/washing - The cleaning and washing section of a commercial kitchen includes appliances and products like sinks, ware washing machines, and drying racks, among others.

• Storage - The storage area can be split into non-food storage, cold storage, and dry storage

• Food Preparation - he food preparation area has sinks for washing produce, cutting areas, and mixing areas. Typically, the food preparation area is split into a section for processing raw foods (breaking down cuts of beef, for example) and a section for sorting foods into batches.

• Meal Cooking - The meal cooking area makes the rest of the kitchen tick. This is where main dishes are finished, so here you will have large pieces of equipment like ranges, ovens, and fryers.

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•Service - The service area is the final section of a commercial kitchen. If you have a serving staff, this is where they will pick up finished dishes to take to customers a self-service area needs to be located at the very front of the kitchen, just after the meal cooking area, to shorten the distance between completed meals and customers.

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Bar

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Fashion designers and manufacturers promote their clothes not only to retailers but also to the media. fashion shows for an audience that combined private clients, journalists, and buyers.

MULTIFUNCTIONAL HALL

Multifunction hall or event area focuses on garment and fashion accessory sector, and feature keynote models, designer displays, and other accessory interest to the event organizers and attendees.

The event area will be used to organize fashion shows wherein the fashion designers, brands or ‘house’ display there latest collection in runway fashion shows to buyers and the media. These events influence trends for the current and upcoming seasons. The users of the event hall will be the fashion designers, models, in house production teams, the organizing teams and the audience,, Components of an event area are: • The auditorium ( runway, the T, stage, seating ) • Back stage (green rooms, locker rooms, dressing rooms, rehearsal rooms, salon, photography studio ) • VIP lounge • Cafeteria • Media lounge

Auditorium Fashion shows are fun and creative way of highlighting some of the ethical issues surrounding the fashion industry.

In fashion industry shows tend not to last more than half an hour depending on the number of people to be in audience.

The catwalk: The key of feature of the show is of course the catwalk and there is the length and layout to consider. Stage blocks are ideal as there are about the right height. If you would rather not use a raised catwalk a floor level stage area can work just as well. You can make out the shape and length of the catwalk

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The catwalk is composed of three components: • Stage – platform on which the models enter.

• Runway – long platform that runs into the audience • The T – Additional staging that runs perpendicular to the runway.

The fashion ramp: • T – ramps, straight ramps and combination.

• Ramps at an angle or at different level.

• Stairs, platform and reveal entrances.

• All built to specification and designs..

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Runway dimensions Length – One rule of thumb in designing a fashion runway is that the length is generally two – thirds the length of the room.

Width - the width of the stage can be 4’ to 8’ to 12’ depending on the number of models or the setting of stage.

• • • • • •

Minimum width – 4’ Maximum width – 12’ Height – the height is either on ground level or 2’ – 6’ For smaller fashion shows a 4’ wide runway is a suitable size. It provides room for a single line of models. It is designed for small scale shows to provide a quality stage to fit the needs.

The 6’ wide runway allows for better flow for models by providing room for two models simultaneously. although it is smaller in scale, the stage can be accompanied with a ‘T’ to top it off and make plenty of room for a final finale.

The 8’ wide runway is great for larger shows that have great models. This runway is designed for larger companies that want to put on a great show.

Runway shapes

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The readymade garment manufacturing processing depends on some steps and techniques. The clothing creation, running actions and methods include in the developing outfits for the huge of creation in company time frame for company reasons is known as outfits developing technologies.

WORKSHOP AREA

Workshop is a private area and will be used for manufacturing of a garment from fabric. It will be used by the designers, assistant designers, merchandise, interns and the working group in the workshop areas. It will be individual for each designer.

A workshop consist of the following areas • Fabric dying • Fabric dying • Design technique (embroidery, fabric paint, manual print, thread work) • Fabric cutting • Fabric stitching\ tailoring • ironing and finishing • Sample checking area • Packing • Storage • Public utilities

Sewing gauges are hand tools for measuring small areas as you sew. Gauges come in a variety of forms. The most common to have is a 6-inch aluminum ruler with a slider. Small, oddly-shaped gauges have markings for the most common sewing measurements for checking seam allowances, hems, or other small measurements.

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Cutting room process flow chart Marker and plotter making

Fabric spreading

Fabric cutting

Re - cutting

Checking cuttings

Stickering

fusing

Sorting and bundling

Printing/embroidery

Stitching

Cutting tables • • •

Standard tables range from 4 to 8 feet in length.

The ideal width of a cutting table is about 30 inches.

The average height of a cutting table should be between 36 and 40 inches high.

Sewing tables • • •

The sewing table length measures 4 feet in length.

Width of sewing table is 1 feet 6 inches.

Average height is 2 feet 6 inches.

• A minimum sewing area should include the machine, auxiliary work surfaces, a chair that permits freedom of motion, and storage arrangements.

• The work surface for layout and cutting may be outside the area for sewing machine operations and serve multiple purpose..

• Light should be adequate for the activity.

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Order receiving

Planning Manpower Material Machine

Sampling FIT sample Size set sample

Material Sourcing

Fabric and trim in-house

PP Sample approval Material inspection

FAIL

PP meeting PASS

cutting Printing/ Embroidery sewing

Checking garments

FAIL Repair/alteration

PASS washing

finishing

Checking garments

FAIL

Repair/alteration

PASS

packing

FAIL

Workshop process flow chart

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Shipment audit

PASS SHIPMENT DISPATCH

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Design studio A design studio is a workplace for designers engaged in conceiving, designing and developing new products or objects. Facilities in a design studio includes clothes , furniture art equipment, paint shops and large presentation boards and screens.

Fashion designers may work full-time for one fashion house as ‘in house designers', which owns the designs, or they work alone or a part of time. High –end fashion designers cater to specialty stores or high-end fashion departments stores. These designers create original garments, as well as those that follow established fashion trends. Fashion design services provide service like trend and color forecasting, market analysis, design concepts and design documentation for manufacturers. This way the manufacturer can contract out the design requirements rather than maintaining an in-house design team.z

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Display, evince, exhibit, manifest mean to show or bring to the attention of another or others. To display is literally to spread something out so that it may be most completely and favorably seen: to display goods for sale.

DISPLAY AREA

An exhibition, in the most general sense, is an organized presentation and display of a selection of items. In practice, exhibitions usually occur within a cultural or educational setting such as a museum, art gallery, park, library, exhibition hall, or World's fairs.

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Traditional exhibition is a large-scale event that uses a variety of media and means to promote products, corporate image and establish good public relations.

Its characteristics are: It is a complex, intuitive, visual, and vivid way of communication when designing exhibition spaces, certain aspects contribute to an effective display of the pieces: diffuse lighting, spatial distribution, and high ceilings are some of them.

The combination of these features with rooms that are able to transform themselves (using elements that can be perforated, repainted, and adapted according to each exhibition), is common in many art galleries, expressing the dialogue between art and architecture. exhibitions are highly influenced by the display techniques of commercial and propaganda exhibitions since the early 20th century, the analysis of their display cannot be confined to the field of visual art. the scope of exhibition display includes spatial arrangement, installation design, as well as the visual and contextual aspects of presenting information. Exhibition display is the physical and interpretative environment, in and through which artworks and artefacts are presented.

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Display area in fashion office gives an impression of the brands collection .

It also updates the collection by the time.

The décor in the display area can be adjusted according to the theme of the designer’s fashion collection.

The modes of display formed along curatorial and institutional decisions represents the primarily communication tool of exhibitions, which shapes its perception profoundly. In accordance with the different techniques of display, visitors are addressed differently.

Display then orients the visitor, builds, unfolds, and masks relations, articulates political statements alongside aesthetical ones. It reflects the accumulation of various political, economic, and aesthetic aspects and mirrors them—even if unintentionally.

Fashion exhibitions are a hot trend in art and cultural heritage museums worldwide.

Specialized costume and fashion museums are increasing in a number of countries. ... By being exhibited in a museum, the fashion designer's work becomes part of a specific cultural experience for the visitors

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BACKSTAGE AREA

The green room is the space in a theatre or similar venue that functions as a waiting room and lounge for performers before, during and after a performance or show when they are not engaged on stage.

This is the main circulation area around the stage and provides spaces for the movement of scenery, actors and any extra necessities. Sometimes in large theaters there is a need for a considerable open – plan area to overcome congestion problems. A lobby of some for is usually required to prevent light and sound form spilling onto the stage area. Normally there should be a passageway around the back of the stage to allow actors to transfer between stage entrances quickly. facilities possibly needed in the immediate backstage area.

Cafeteria

Dressin g rooms

Green rooms

Salon

Locker room

Media lounge

Green rooms and dressing rooms The green room is the space which functions as waiting room and lounge for performers before and after a performance .and during the show when they are not engaged on stage In fashion shows there are no separate changing rooms for the models. It is all one big open hall with mirrors and sometimes partitioning is done. The changing area per model required including partitioning is 3’ * 2’ with a chair and a wardrobe. Separate rooms immediately off the stage, each with two make – up position and hand rails.

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Changing and locker rooms Planning a locker room or changing room is simple and depends on several factors. Whether it’s for a restaurant or bar's staff room, a school, gym, or any other designated locker area, the same basic principles apply: it is important to make the most of your available space whilst allowing for enough free movement in gangways while the lockers are in use

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Salon •

•

•

Allow sufficient work space. The first styling unit should be 1m ( 3’ ) from a window or a wall, second and subsequent unit should be 1.2m ( 4’ ) from the center of the first unit.

Working space out from the unit to the rear of the stylist should be 1.5m ( 5” ).

Consider island styling units to fit more clients into a tight space.

For planning purpose, the normal square footage required per hair stylist is 150 to 200 square feet see the following table: Number of stylist

Area (sq. ft.)

3

450-600

4

600-800

5

750-1000

6

900-1200

7

1050-1400

8

1200-1600

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Rehearsal room Entrance Toilets

Possible separate public entrance

Changing rooms

Practice studio

Lounge

Scenery access Equipment's

Rehearsal room/studio Access for dressing room

Control room

Recordin g control room

Relationship diagram for a rehearsal room or studio

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Photographic studio is a workspace to take, develop, print and duplicate photographs. Photographic training and the display of finished photographs..

PHOTOGRAPHY STUDIO

Fashion designers and manufacturers promote their clothes not only to retailers but also to the media. And to promote their production they need to have photographs and videos to get attention on their production. Photographic studio is a workspace to take, develop, print and duplicate photographs. Photographic training and the display of finished photographs.. The studio may have a darkroom, storage space, a studio proper where photographs are taken, a display room and space for other related work.

The factors below impact the space required for your product photography photo studio: •Photography equipment: The equipment affects the space required. Consider: photography table (the size you need will depend on the size of your products), lighting (continuous vs. strobe, number of lights and stands), backdrops, and specialized equipment (if taking rotating or 360 shots).

•Product preparation: Almost all products require preparation before they are photographed.

Consider: product size, product packaging, cleaning, and assembly.

•Product staging: For productive product photography you need an efficient workflow for staging products to be photographed and products that have been photographed. Consider: product size, order size restrictions, and product return policies.

•Photography equipment – space required 15’ x 15’ (225 square feet) •Product preparation – space required 15’ x 15’ (225 square feet) •Product staging – space required 20’ x 10’ (200 square feet) •Minimum square footage 650 square feet •Ideal square footage (minimum doubled) 1,300 square feet

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Layouts

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SHOPPING STORE

A retailer or a shop is a business that presents a selection of goods and offers to trade or sell them to customers for money or other goods.

Shopping activities It varies with different needs and may be described as essential, convenience, comparison, purposive, leisure or remove.

Gross leasable areas – total enclosed floor area occupied by a retailer. This is the total rented space and included stockrooms, staff facilities, staircase, preparation and support areas. It is usually measured to side of external walls and Centre line between premises.

Net sales area – internal floor space of retail unit used for selling and displaying goods and services. It includes areas accessible to the public, e.g. counter space, checkout space and window and display space. Net areas are used to calculate the density of trading turnover.

The ratio of sales to ancillary space ranges from about 45:55 in small shops and department store to 60:40 in supermarkets.

Net Areas Gross Areas Staff facilities 10 – 15% 25 – 30% Offices 5 – 8% Staff facilities includes: restaurant with kitchen and 0rafts, coffee and recreational rooms, changing areas, toilet, personnel and training and reception/control area.

Product Display

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Shelving is probably used more than any other single interior component for the store and display of merchandise. Not only must the merchandise be within reach anthropometrically but, it may be fairly visible as well. The heights responsive must be responsive to vertical grip reach dimension as well as eye height.

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Display system

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Display racks

Display window Retail window dressing is the process of decorating a display window in a store. The shop window, also known as the display window, in the front window that advertises some of the major products of the store. This is the store’s way of luring customers to go inside the outlet. Therefore, the display window of the outlet must be appealing.

if it is a high-end retail store, that space conveys luxury. Like in jewelers store, Only a few items at a time are displayed in windows, sending the message that each piece is special.

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Layouts

Straight Store Layout

Diagonal Store Layout

Angular Store Layout

Mixed Store Layout

Geometric Store Layout

Free Flow Store Layout

Boutique Store Layout The boutique layout (also called shop-in-the-shop or alcove layout) is the most widely used type of free flow layout.

Merchandise is separated by category, and customers are encouraged to interact more intimately with like items in semi-separate areas created by walls, merchandise displays, and fixtures. Typically used by boutique clothing retailers, wine merchants, and gourmet markets, this layout stimulates customer curiosity in different brands or themes of merchandise within the overall category.

The downsides of the boutique layout include the following factors: • Reducing the total display space for merchandise with inefficient space management • Encouraging too much exploration of separate areas within the store • Confusing customers past the point of purchasing behavior.

Ultimately, the exploration can distract from customer interaction with the merchandise.

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A break out area describes any space open to employees or visitors that is separate from their usual working area.

It can be a place for employees to relax, eat their lunch and even hold informal meetings.

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BREAK-OUT AREA

Breakout spaces are a great way of attracting new talent and retaining staff, and breakout spaces are brilliant for enhancing employee satisfaction by investing in the team and showing staff that their happiness and wellbeing is important to the employer.   

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Breakout area design can enhance an office interior.

Open plan floors can be humanized by adding variety to the appearance. Flexible spaces help companies to react to business changes .

Office breakout spaces are an increasing part of giving people the correct type of space for the differing tasks they do…called activity based design…especially when interaction and collaboration within a company can be as much as 60% of a productive working day.

An office breakout area design is a method of embodying the culture of a company and creating time for team interaction away from a desk, but within the workplace.

Breakout spaces help to balance the office, giving an alternative to functional office space that can be overpowering in larger floorplates.

Designing an office breakout zone should start with the purpose of the space…a quiet but informal space, a lively and uplifting zone, spaces that support meeting rooms.

Coworking space aims to mix up furniture in order to give users a range of ways to work. Informal working uses a ‘buzz’ to energize and this starts with proximity of refreshment, relaxing and working. Coworking thrives on unplanned interaction. Mixing up the work settings, contrary to designing conventional breakout areas, aims to maximize spontaneous conversation and sharing knowledge. Coworking capitalises on networks which don’t fit into job hierarchies or even company groupings.

A breakout space still remains within the office but often has a comfier and more casual look and feel than the rest of the workplace. Some of the benefits of an office breakout area include

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Additional Workspaces

Breaking away from the desk to work somewhere different can be tremendous for injecting some creativity and inspiration into the working day, and breakout spaces in offices provide a great alternative workspace

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Movement in the Office

Providing a breakout area encourages employees to move around the office rather than sit in one place for hours on end.

Some offices choose to incorporate features such as table tennis, which increases mobility and activity in their team as well as being the perfect spot to hold an informal meeting.

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Breakout spaces are the most flexible spaces in the office, but that shouldn’t make them an afterthought or a filler solution in your floor plan. Dedicated breakout space should be strategic—located in areas where it’s easy for people to transition into and out of different activities. Employees should feel comfortable in a breakout space, whether they’re doing head-down work or meeting with a small group. Most importantly, it needs to foster productivity by contributing to greater workplace concepts of agility and flexibility.

Employees have always used breakout spaces. Now, in the modern office, their role has expanded. Put these adaptable, accessible spaces where they’ll do the most good and encourage employees to leverage them into their day whenever they need a place to be productive.

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A coffee station and Printer stations are an open area which are considered a shared amenity to all occupants.

COFFEE & PRINTING STATION

+ The following fit up is standard for coffee station: • 7.5 linear feet of millwork • enclosed upper and lower cabinets with one sink and faucet • space for a microwave, under-counter fridge, garbage/recycling zone and water cooler • electrical to suit small appliances, including toasters, tea kettles and coffee machines • Typically one equipment/printer station is provided for every seven to twelve (7–12) occupants. Exact requirements to be determined in consultation with the department’s Desktop Coordinator.

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Need of coffee station in office • Having A Coffee Machine In Workplaces Improves Output It has long been known that coffee is a strong stimulant that aids in the fight against sluggishness and poor productivity. Employees who drink coffee during their work day are generally more alert, have more energy, and are more focused on the task at hand.

• Coffee In The Office Enhances Networking Just like the water cooler in office comedy sketches, your employees will love to spend some time chatting by your office coffee bar. This socialization, rather than being seen as a distraction from work, should be viewed as positive interactions between your team. office coffee breaks have a positive effect on the relationships between groups in the workplace. Rather than going out and grabbing coffee at a gas station or at a drive through, employees are more likely to invite their fellow coworkers for a cup at your office coffee station, further building positive relationships in your team.

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A Coffee Machine Increases Work Ethics

Fortune magazine reports that “people who get too little sleep are to go along with unethical practices at work unless they up their caffeine intake.” In addition to this, many employees tend to overwork themselves; taking few or no breaks and working as many hours as needed to finish a project, even at personal cost. Having a coffee machine in your office can help with this as well. These small breaks and caffeine can help to alleviate some of the stress that an employee feels throughout the day, which in turn can help to keep them from overworking themselves.

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An Office Coffee Machine Improves The Mood Of The Employees

A Harvard study on women who drank four or more cups of coffee per day showed that these women had on average a 20% reduction in their likelihood of being diagnosed with depression. Caffeine affects the levels of dopamine and serotonin in the brain, preventing their absorption into the blood and improving mood.

Offering employees a simple coffee pot option, could further improve their moods by giving them an array of coffee selections.

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SERVICE ROOMS

Server room Server room is an area set aside within a business that is devoted to storing data storage servers and computer networking devices. Depending on the size of the room and a business's needs, it may hold anywhere from ten to several hundred servers. if an office has so many computer servers that their heat and constant buzzing have become distracting, it's probably time to set up a server room. Server room is best to be placed in a basement or on a lower ground floor preferably in a central area of the building

Janitor's closet A well-equipped janitor's closet includes toilet brushes, plungers, sanitizing cleaners, and deodorizers. As a minimum, the service closet shall have a 600 mm (24inch) square mop basin, a wall-mounted mop rack, and 900 mm (3 feet) of 250 mm (10-inch) wide wall shelving; the floor area should be a minimum of 1.7 m2 (18 square feet)

Pantry A pantry is a room where beverages, food, and sometimes dishes, household cleaning chemicals, linens, or provisions are stored.

The ideal overall depth of a reach-in pantry with shelves is between 22" and 24". This allows 14" to 16" storage shelves inside the pantry and 7" to 8" of can and bottle storage built into the door

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Washrooms Minimum scale of provision of sanitary appliances for female staff toilets in offices..

Minimum scale of provision of sanitary appliances for male staff toilets in offices..

•Be located in convenient areas (so staff don’t have to travel far to use them) •Be in the vicinity of any changing rooms, whether or not provided elsewhere as well •Include towels or other suitable means of drying hands •The washroom should be sufficiently ventilated and lit •Separate facilities should be provided for men and women when possible (otherwise a single room with one toilet and lockable door)

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Toilet cubical sizes – universal access

Toilet cubical sizes – wheelchair access The wheelchair accessible layout has been modified to accommodate an overall toilet cubical length of 2220mm (2000mm).

The door openings needs to be 900mm with a 950mm (wide) outward opening door.

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C H A P T E R 3

DESIGN ELEMENTS

Aesthetics is a core design principle that defines a design’s pleasing qualities. In visual terms, aesthetics includes factors such as balance, color, movement, pattern, scale, shape and visual weight. Designers use aesthetics to complement their designs’ usability, and so enhance functionality with attractive layouts Aesthetic environment while reimagining an office space many a times is not given much needed attention. The aesthetics and functionality of the workplace must always be the focus followed by – the shape, texture and pattern of materials used. Shape here refers to the geometrics, florals and object cut out. Texture refers to the look i.e. shiny, matte, opaque and transparent. Patterns refer to the lines, dots and designs on the material.

It comes as no surprise that workplace design is a critical component of company success.

While design components like these are essential for a successful and productive workplace, it is important not to overlook even the smallest of elements that can play a monumental role in office aesthetic and appeal. Through a strategically cohesive and clean office, companies can positively influence employee attraction and retention, health and well-being, as well as creativity.

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Color, texture, pattern in interior surface is important in the commercial interior-because it contributes to the productivity and to the psychological satisfaction of the occupants in a space.

A workable and pleasing color scheme, in conjunction with proper lighting, can increase productivity and worker comfort; thus, color schemes should be selected carefully.

Office areas with few or no windows should not be specified with dark colors.

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Aesthetics is an age-old principle that revolves around the nature of beauty and the fact that people prefer pretty things. It’s central to the fields of architecture, graphic design and more. As a vital ingredient in user experience (UX) design and interaction design, aesthetics impacts an interface’s UX in several ways. Humans are hard-wired for visual input, and users’ first impressions typically form in 50 milliseconds – as their gut reactions guide them to either continue using your design/product or abandon it. Aesthetics here refers to the lines, colors, spacing and more on namely what elements you choose and how you apply them.

For example, when your website has good aesthetics, you: 1.Create an attractiveness bias – to appeal to users on a visceral level, leading to: 1. Emotional design 2. More traffic.

3. More time spent on site and page/screen views.

4. A lower bounce rate.

2. Make users more tolerant of usability issues – Studies show that users rate visually appealing designs as more usable than they truly are. This aesthetic-usability effect has been explored extensively, notably by UX design pioneer and author Don Norman.

Attractiveness bias is a short-term effect, though – good looks can’t save a bad product. So, it’s vital to design for the user experience and optimize usability, applying well-considered aesthetics to work together with your design’s functionality.

Key points - Aesthetics to Make Beauty Work Best •Visual appeal exists in objectivity and subjectivity •Use timeless rules/principles such as the golden ratio, rule of thirds and Gestalt principles to optimize your choice and use of elements •Remember the context

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Lighting plays with our perceptions, creates unique sensations and experiences and can completely change a design.

“Light has the capacity to create an atmosphere much more than furniture or an accessory can, it recreates unique sensations and experiences”.

LIGHTING

Although lighting design is a discipline in and of itself, the interior design must be knowledgeable about the interface between lighting elements and the interior architecture

Natural lighting

Artificial lighting

How to choose lighting type?

• • •

Evaluate the types of activities that will take place in each area of the room to make sure that there is an adequate amount of light for the function and that the intensity is strong enough to illuminate any space that needs specific light.

Task lighting allows us to place appropriate light sources where it is most needed, illuminating specific areas and providing visibility for activities such as reading, cooking, dressing, or doing homework.

When selecting the lighting Accurate combinations of lighting resources can completely change the experience and ambience of the space. it showcase style and meet the function of each space.

Artificial lighting • •

General lighting Décor lighting

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General lighting

General lighting is one of the first layers of lighting used in modern interior design and refers to the light used for the overall illumination of the space. These types of lighting sources provide basic lighting requirements to create an accessible space where users can move around easily in a safe way. Recessed ceiling lights, or overhead ceiling fixtures can meet general lighting needs.

General lighting can sometimes be the existing lighting or part of the new lighting design plan.

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Décor lighting

The last layer of a well designed lighting plan includes decorative accent lighting. Professional lighting designers turn to accent lighting to add decorative elements and create strong visual impact.

Accent lighting is a resource used in modern interior design that can highlight certain elements like paintings, sculptures, an entrance or an architectural feature.

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Accent lighting may be it’s own unique design element that is the showpiece of the space such as an elegant chandelier, or dramatic pendants.

Measure the space’s floor to ceiling distance in feet, multiple by 2.5 will be the approximate height for the chandelier in inches.

Office Light level recommendations Type of work100-150-2

Foot candles

Corridors, lobbies

10-15-20

Easy tasks (typed originals ballpoint-pen handwriting, large print)

20-30-50

Medium tasks (poor copies, medium hard pencil, small print)

50-75-100

Difficult tasks (very poor copies, hard pencil writing

100-150-200

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Selecting the proper fixture • Light output/efficiency The more light, the fewer fixtures needed in new lighting systems and lower operating cost.

• Visual comfort Fixture should direct light to the task and way from the eyes. The fixtures VCP rating, available from the fixture manufacture, should be 70 or above.

• Maintainability Check ease of lamp replacement, clean ability and permanence of finishes.

• Fit in application Should look right and cover the area to be lighted

Wall mounted task lamps

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Desk lamps

Floor lamps

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Lamps for general lighting

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An environment can become under stimulated or overstimulated, depending on the colors used. An under stimulated environment features weak intensities of color and weak or monotonous color contrasts while an overstimulated setting features highly saturated colors, strong contrasts and/or too many complex visual patterns

COLORS

Architectural and interior design consists of the manipulation of many interrelated elements including space, form, structure, light, texture, and color.

Unfortunately, the one ingredient in the interdependent mix of design elements that is most often overlooked or left as an afterthought is color . To avoid this, approach color selection as an integral part of the design rather than something which is applied superficially after the fact.

Effective color design does not need to add any cost to interior renovations or construction: it is a simple matter of planning ahead.

Colors basically behave in three ways. They can be active, passive or neutral. Neutrals include black, gray, white and brown and these colors are often used to establish balance in a décor that includes both active and passive shades. The use of different colors is the quickest, easiest and most realistic way to develop immediate modification in the room.

Each tone of color has a significant effect on our mood, has a specific meaning, and interlinks with our mind frame. Colors have the power to change your mood and mind.

All colors change their character when lightness and. saturation are modified so it’s not enough to pick a color for a certain interior design element because there’s also a need to pick a shade.

Light colors are airy and, as a general rule, they make rooms feel larger and brighter.

Dark colors are sophisticated and warm and they make rooms feel intimate Dark interior color pallet

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Light interior color pallet

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Roles color can play include: • Setting the emotional tone or ambiance of space • Focusing or diverting attention.

• Modulating the space to feel larger or smaller.

• Breaking or defining the space • Unifying the space or knitting it together.

Basic principles for working out color scheme.

• Dominant or controlling color Decide on your dominal or controlling color, which may dominate by covering a large area by strength of color in a smaller area. The background color is to be dominant or a secondary color, plan to use large amount of owlet background color, a small amount of bold, strong color. All large foundation areas should be in light and grayed tones.

• Graying Clear colors are gayer, more cheerful, but grayed tones are more restful, their harmonies more subtle. Mixing grey with bright colors brings them into relation with other colors in the room. As red and yellow in bright tones seem to clash. Mixed with gray, they become rose and go very well. (too much graying gives muddy tones, dirty grays, flat greens) • Relief and contrast colors Decide on relief and contrast color and bring them into all parts of room composition. The order in the amount of space allowed each one- foundation, than contrast. All colors including background colors should be keyed to the dominant color, soften strong contrast colors with white.

• Accent colors Use pure bright intense colors only in accessories, etc. distribute them as they will not be spotty. The smaller the area the brighter the color may be. The larger the area the softer the tone should be. Don’t use large amounts of pure bright color.

• Keying This is the other mans of creating harmony. A key color is the one about which the color scheme is built – the dominant, or controlling color. All other color in the room must be “keyed” with –harmonized. Two colors in which any part of a third color is present will be linked together.

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The colors interiors and décor have an impact on the atmosphere created and needs to correctly assess what the ambiance should be before choosing the colors..

Color areas and sample.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

Walls Medium to light

Floors Dark to Medium

1

2

Drapery varied

3

Ceiling light

4

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Varied – choice of light, dark or medium tones, cleared or grayed ones.

Large Couch Bed Sofa

Wood Work

varied

varied

5

Proportionate sample sizes Walls Floor Draperies Ceiling Couch, etc.

Woodwork Large chair Large chair Small chair Accessories Accents trimmings

6

varied Bright Large chair

Large chair

7

8

Small chair 9

access ories 10

Bright Accents Trimmi ngs 11 12

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Color scheme for workspace •

Shades of blue can create a mood of tranquility but also set the tone for clarity and focus. An attractive color for brands wanting to achieve a persona of strength and stability without coming across as too dominant or overpowering.

Green evoke a soothing mood and feelings of balance and harmony akin to the natural environment. Green is known to inspire creativity and productivity within the workplace. It helps staff think and speak clearly, great for areas that require presentations and when clear communication is required.

•

For a high-energy, positive workspace, consider bursts of yellow. When used in moderation (pops of color, not every wall), can have an uplifting effect on employees and visitors – a ray of sunshine in a commercial setting.

Orange brings warmth to the workspace with shades ranging from retro to terracotta with embellishments of copper and brass. Like yellow, hues of orange inspire high-energy and Happiness (Orange must be used wisely as too much Orange and it being too intense can create the opposite effect)

•

The color red is for passion, excitement, and in the office environment – productivity. Perfect for fast-paced, lively workplaces – anywhere heart rates and brainwaves are firing up.

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Color scheme for workspace • People associate the color with qualities that are often thought of as feminine, such as softness, kindness, nurturance, and compassion. Pink is thought to have a calming effect.

• Ivory color serves as the stability in any design. Colors should always be paired with a neutral color to help the accent colors stand out in the ways you want them to.

• Purple is the color of creativity. It is commonly associated with imagination and wisdom.. is often associated with spirituality or luxury. It can promote deep contemplation or luxury, but should be used carefully.

• black include protection and comfort, as well as, strong, contained, formal, sophisticated, mysterious, endings and beginnings

• White is the color of spaciousness and practically compliments any of the other colors mentioned. If we want to tie a space together, create balance, or a sense of neutrality, white is what we need. It makes spaces seem bigger and brighter, something that all modern offices can benefit from as we look to move on from traditional offices which were closed and uninviting.

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•

Grey can sometimes get a bad rap and can be correlated with negative effects on mood. White also can be forgotten as a color and is one of the key components to any fit-out. Grey when paired with a combination of white, texture and adding warmer, natural materials to the palette, can transform a space into a great, welcoming and well balanced environment. White, as we all know, never falls to make a space feel fresh and calm.

Reflective values

Recommended ceiling values should be in the range of 60 – 90 %. Floor reflection values should be n the range of 15 -35 %.

Overall reflection values of a room should be in the 35 – 60 %

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According to the Human Spaces report, office environments with greenery and natural light can boost workplace productivity by 6% and increase creativity by 15%.

Greenery can also be used as a natural life hack to increase our smarter thinking.

INTERIOR LANDSCAPE

Interior landscaping is the art of designing, installing, and caring for plants in an enclosed environment. Interior landscaping creates an overall pleasant environment by using natural colors, focal points, ornaments, and sculptural elements.

Indoor plants are important for businesses looking to achieve the optimal atmosphere.

The plants look great, and they have health benefits that have been studied around the world..

The best plants for offices • Spathiphyllum (such as Peace Lilies) •Pothos.

•Philodendrons.

•Sansevieria.

•Aglaonema.

• Plants can offer your company benefits far beyond •ZZ Plant simple aesthetics. People find solace in spaces decorated with abundant greenery Different types of landscape.

• Breathe new life into dreary conference rooms, • Desert lighten the mood in reception areas, and brighten • Plain lonely cubicle and desk spaces with the best office • Taiga plants.

• Tundra • From cacti to canes, plants can enhance any space in • Wetland your office while invigorating customers, clients, and • Mountain visitors.

• Mountain range • Beautify your building and improve workplace • Cliff, Coast efficiency and employee morale with our help.

• Littoral zone • Office plants, including living floral and flowering • Glacier plants, provide oxygen into an environment and scrub • Polar regions of Earth toxins from the air.

• Shrubland • Office plants can reduce noise levels, allowing • Forest people to work more effectively and efficiently • Rainforest • Plants are attractive to look at and the right office • Woodland plant design can create an environment, lobby, • Jungle meeting room or office space people enjoy being in • Moors. and that they will talk about once they leave.

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Being separate from the outside world, the workplace seals us off from that natural connection and instead creates an environment that is different from what we’re used to.

Whilst in a way this helps to draw a line that the office ‘is a place of work’, that line does not have to be so bold – work often can cause stress, even sickness and pain

The positive effects of greenery in the workplace •

Help to reduce stress.- there was a significant reduction in stress amongst employees when plants were brought into the work arena. Their results included a 37% reduction in anxiety and tension, more than a 50% drop in depression, a 44% decrease in hostility and anger, as well as a 38% reduction in tiredness.

•

Increase in productivity. It's possible that more greenery in an office design could help to rise productivity levels productivity rises by 15% when previously bare work environments are filled with a number of houseplants. With everyone able to see a plant from their desk, this helps to get them psychologically engaged with their surroundings, allowing them to feel happier in what they're producing and as a result, helping them to work better.

•

Reduces sickness and absence. So often the bane of many a workplace; how can you help your employees to feel well whilst at work, reducing the rate of work-affecting absences?.

The workplaces who did have plants reported a 15% higher rate of wellbeing, as well as 6% more productivity than those whose offices did not have such elements.

•

Cleanse the air. One of vital roles plants play in our world is to absorb carbon dioxide and combine it with water and light to produce energy, one of the by-products of this photosynthetic process is the release of oxygen into the environment. Enclosed in a small building, an office can often feel cramped and stuffy living plants can help to cleanse the air of the chemicals that cause such feelings and replace it with oxygen, giving everyone room to breathe.

•

Creativity booster: the employees whose workplaces included living plants as part their office design scored a 15% higher rate for creativity than offices that did not have such elements. it can help to shift the brain into a new mode of thinking, helping employees to imagine what the scene they're looking at is truly With it being nature, they can picture themselves there, in that calm oasis, having a Pina colada in that beach bar or sat on top of that hill with green spaces spread out as far as the eye can see. This takes their mind away from potential stress and instead creates thoughts and feelings, boosting their on-the-spot creativity.

•

Noise reducers. It isn't just carbon dioxide that plants can absorb, they are also great at doing the same with off-putting noise too. Sound waves are refracted whenever they hit a physical barrier, being complex in their make-up, a plant (especially large, pot plants) offers a robust barrier for the sound to travel through.

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Finishes are the materials and elements that tie together the final design and complete the project. Choosing the right finishes will make the difference between a basic look and one that is innovative, exclusive and stylish.

FINISHES

Selecting the appropriate material is both a science and an art in fact; there are so many options available to bring them, all working together to meet aesthetic, functional, code, and economic requirements.

Materials used on the furniture, floors, walls, and ceiling, as well as window treatments, must meet the applicable building and accessibility codes. Architectural finishes must be commercial-grade products to stand up to heavy wear and maintenance.

Furniture: Office furniture come in a variety of materials, but the primary structure of most furniture is based on three families of materials, used alone, or in combination: wood, metal, and plastic. Different advantages of each material are also discussed for your convenience.

Wood : The quality and class derive only with solid wood.

Sturdy and durable woods are taken into account for the construction of executive desks. For the classic wood typescherry, oak, maple, mahogany, and walnut are best suitable.

Metal ; In terms of style, metal desks are great. Any metal can be easily reshaped and remodeled.

Laminates & composites: Desks made from laminates and composite materials come in a variety of durable styles and finishes. There is just a thin line between a wood desk and laminate desk..

Flooring: Some areas of the office that require higher-end design specification, such as portions of executive suites, might also see the use of woods, ceramic tiles, or stones for flooring materials and commercial-grade resilient surface materials and short pile carpets for heavy foot traffic, movement of chairs, and overall ease of maintenance. The heaviest traffic areas, like entrance lobbies, public corridors, and restrooms, are commonly specified to have resilient and hard surface flooring.

Interior designers need to choose resilient and hard surface materials carefully to ensure that office users do not slip on slick surfaces.

Ceramic tile flooring

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Carpet flooring

Wooden flooring

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Ceramic tiles pattern

Ceramic tiles flooring

Ceramic tiles flooring

Walls: The specification of materials for use on full-height partition walls will be regulated by the location of the walls within the project space. They can be finished with drywall and painted, but are most commonly finished with a vinyl or fabric wall covering. A wide variety of patterns and colors of commercial wall coverings is available to create the right backdrop for corridors and other partition walls in the interior spaces.

Window treatments: It is quite simple in commercial office interiors to present a uniform look from the outside.

The most common treatments used to achieve this effect are either vertical or horizontal blinds. When an area such as an executive office is being designed, fabric drapery must be specified over the blinds. However, local fire codes may prohibit the use of textile window coverings in commercial offices unless the material meets a high flame resistance standard or the fabric is treated with a flame resistant chemical.

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Ceiling: The primary materials used for ceilings in commercial offices facilities are ceiling tiles made primarily of fiberglass. In most large spaces, the predominant type of ceiling tile specified is 2 by 4 feet. In smaller rooms, a 2 by 2 foot tile might be used. Ceilings have various qualities of sound absorption and finishes. The tiles are installed in a metal ceiling grid suspended from the structural ceiling above.

Artwork - may be highlighted in the reception area and conference room, soffit lights may be specified in the employee lunchroom, and track lights may even be used as supplemental or primary ambient fixtures instead of fluorescent tube fixtures.

In addition interior ambience is enriched with art work, accessories, indoor landscape, logo to blend with the theme and style of office space.

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STANDARDS FOR DISABLED PERSONS Barrier Free Environment is one which enables people with disabilities to move about safely and freely and to use the facilities within. The built environment. The goal of barrier free design is to provide an environment that supports the independent functioning of individuals so that they can get to, and participate without assistance, in every day activities such as procurement of goods and services, community living, employment, and leisure. The fundamental principles which have been followed in developing standards / norms for various facilities to meet disabled people’s standards for safety, convenience and usability. Barrier free design standards should satisfy anyone who is hampered in his mobility or functioning (as compared with a nondisabled person) as a result of obstacles put in his way by the design of a building, the choice of hardware and equipment, and the arrangement of outside space.

Type of Disabilities Various, disabilities which have been considered while preparing the guidelines for barrier free built environment are broadly classified under four categories 1. Non-Ambulatory : Impairments that, regardless of cause or manifestation, for all practical purposes, confine individuals to wheel & chairs.

2. Semi-Ambulatory : Impairments that cause individuals to walk with difficulty or insecurity. Individual using braces or crutches, amputees, arthritics, spastics &those with pulmonary & cardiac ills may be semi-ambulatory.

3. Sight : Total blindness or impairments affecting sight to the extent that the individual functioning in public areas is insecure or exposed to danger.

4. Hearing : Deafness or hearing handicaps that might make an individual insecure in public areas because he is unable to communicate or hear warning signals.

A. NON-AMBULATORY DISABILITIES Persons restricted on wheel chair should use the facilities within the built environment alone without a helper’s assistance. Wheelchair Users A wheelchair may be operated by the user alone or with a helper’s assistance. However, wheelchair design must assume that the user should be able to operate the wheelchair without help

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BATHROOM

CORRIDOOR

D. HEARING DISABILITIES Persons with impaired hearing Persons in this category are totally deaf or have difficulty in hearing.

They are generally use their sight to gather information in public places.

Design requirements • Provision of information board in an easily understandable manner.

• Provision of illuminated signage’s, layout diagrams to help the persons easily reach the desired place

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B. SEMI-AMBULATORY DISABILITIES Persons with impaired walking Persons in this category who use walking aids such as crutches or canes, who are amputees, who have chest ailments or heart disease. The persons in this category include those who can not walk without a cane and those who have some trouble in their upper or lower limbs although they can walk unassisted.

Design requirements • Width of passage for crutch users (min. 900 mm) • Finishes of floor surface with non slip floor material.

• Installation of handrail to support the body weight at the critical places e.g. staircase, toilet, ramp, passage with a change of level (800-850 mm).

• Extension of handrail on the flat landing at the top and bottom of the stairs (300 mm).

• To prevent slipping off the cane or crutch from the side of the stairs or ramps (20 mm high lip on the exposed edge).

C. SIGHT DISABILITIES Persons with impaired vision Persons in this category are totally blind or with impaired vision. Visually impaired persons make use of other senses such as hearing or touch to compensate for the lack of vision. It is necessary to give instructions accessible through the sense of touch (hands, fingers or legs). While walking with a white cane to spot their feet near the tip of the cane the persons may bump his or her head or shoulder against protruding objects. Persons with limited vision may be able to discriminate between dark and bright shades and difference in primary colors.

Design requirements • Use of guiding blocks for persons with impaired vision to guide them within the buildings and facilities and out side the building. (Refer details of guiding/warning blocks).

• Installation of information board in braille.

• Installation of audible signage's (announcements) • Removal of any protruding objects and sufficient walking space for safe walking • .For persons with limited vision use of contrasting color arrangements.

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COVID 19 GUIDELINES 1.Signage at entrance and exit: Clear floor signage and markings introducing a one-way flow at entry and exit points. Along with suitable floor signage, another effective way to encourage a one-way system is to use manifestations such as directional arrows on floor standing office screens. Signage or manifestations applied to floor standing protection screens can provide essential information at eye level, which will introduce a sense of calm and stability for people re-entering their ‘New Covid – 19 compliant’ office space.

2.Hand Sanitizer: Provision of hand sanitizer, at entry and exit points. A small reception desk could be utilized as a hand sanitization station with an accessible desktop and inbuilt storage for additional hygiene related products.

3.Walkways and Corridors: Mobile glazed transparent floor standing screens to define and establish recommended barriers and enforce the one-way system. In the example, standard spot manifestations are featured on internal glass partitions and mobile glazed transparent screens. This allows and complies with the DDA (Disability Discrimination Act) guidelines, making the glass or glaze obvious in order to prevent people from walking into them. These screens are also ideal for creating temporary protected spaces for individual workers because they can be easily moved and repositioned.

4.Increased personal storage: Lockers for the storage of personal items and clothing during shifts. The Probe single door PPE locker has been designed for personal protective equipment (PPE) and features an ACTIVE coat antibacterial coating designed to reduce bacterial count by over 99 percent over an 18 hour period. The use of a mobile under desk pedestal like the Slim line Striker Metal Pedestal should also be encouraged for personal belongings.

5Desk Top Protection Screens: Face to face working should be avoided, and this can be achieved by staggering shift times or positioning workstations side by side. However, there may be occasions where it is not possible to move workstations further apart and, in this case, desktop privacy screens such as The Safe Healthcare. Desk Screen or The Future Protection Freestanding Glass and Antibacterial screen should be used to maintain adequate protection 6.Cells, Pods or Rooms: The co working bench area and four stools have been removed to reduce contact and close proximity to each other. This has been repositioned within a free-standing cell, pod or ‘room’. These structures are not subject to Building Control approval as they have no fixed walls but still offer visual and acoustic privacy. The surface wall options can include glass, wood cladding and wipe able whiteboards such as The Collaborate Room which can be used for individuals or pairs adhering to recommended guidelines.

7.Three-way screens: Acrylic, glass and Plexi glass antibacterial desk top screens reduce the risk of airborne germs spreading between colleagues ensuring that visibility is retained for better levels of communication and speech recognition. The Future Self Supporting Privacy Screen 3 is available in various sizes which can span the length or depth of the workstation, making it an ideal three way screen solution.

8.Acoustic suspended or hanging solutions: These can enhance the office both visually and acoustically whilst helping to establish new walkways and boundaries. They can also add interest and are available in a number of different shapes. We have included the Air flake screen in the New Covid-19 Office as it’s visually interesting and can be configured to suit any space.

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9.Modular workspaces or hives: We have introduced The Cypher Honeycomb booth to encourage more focused driven work and to minimize face to face working by ensuring modular workstations are positioned facing away from each other. There are endless creative possibilities for these types of modular systems.

10. Tea and coffee making restrictions: Forget the tea or coffee round. It may be a case of making a tea or coffee only for yourself and using your own cup or mug. This will reduce any potential contamination and help to contain any harmful transmission. A kettle may be replaced with a hot tap as they are faster and more efficient, decreasing the time employees may spend in the kitchen. Hot taps are also more hygienic, providing the ability to clean and sterilize spoons and utensils quickly.

11.Break out areas: Always a popular place for people to meet and relax, larger break out areas or canteens may be closed off completely but if that is not possible measures should be put in place. Comfortable individual lounge seating spaced out or separated by office screens may replace the two or three-seater sofa. Individual lounge seating can also feature swing tables or tablets on the arm enabling the use of tablets or laptops whilst relaxing.

The hygiene levels of the upholstery on any existing or new furniture will now have to be considered. There are several performance fabrics and vinyl's, which are all anti-microbial, bleach cleanable, waterproof and flame retardancy to Crib 5.

12.Visitor chairs: In the cellular offices, capacity should be reduced to one to discourage face to face meetings, and tabletop protection screens installed. Someone using the cellular office may wish to spend less time in the open office area, so we have introduced some executive lounge chairs and planters to increase wellbeing levels and to inject a sense of calm.

13.Video Conferencing Booths: It’s inevitable that there will be some spaces in the office which are now underused. In this example, video conferencing booths have replaced a bank of desks and will provide the new and acceptable meeting or hook up platform. The Suk Media Pods are easy and quick to install (virtually tool free) and feature high protective upholstered panels in acoustic fabric or anti-microbial vinyl's.

14.Acoustic Phone Booth or Phone Box: With the increased need for privacy in an open plan office environment, phone boxes can be installed to encourage users to make calls or video conferencing calls in comfort and in private without disturbing others.

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C H A P T E R 4

CASE STUDY

VE GRANDE Headquarters of graphic design office

VeGrande is an office dedicated to graphic design and branding. The project consisted of reusing a rustic warehouse construction and turning it into space where creative and multidisciplinary work could be developed.

•LOCATION – YUCATAN

•Architects: Punto Arquitectónico, VE GRANDE •Area: 100 m² •Year: 2016 •Photographs: Tamara Uribe •City: Mérid •Country: Mexico

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Punto Arquitectónico Punto architects have earned a reputation for arrogance and where our word should be the last. This “blindness” has not allowed their design to evolve and to focus on the user. They aim is to design the best buildings, places and spaces in the world. A central part of this is providing the complete design of buildings across a range of sectors.

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GROUND FLOOR PLAN

ROOF FLOOR PLAN

The interior is configured by three continuous spaces. The first contains the public area (reception and meeting room, both in direct contact with the access point), the second one is the workspace, the back cradle contains the services and storage room.

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The interior space is delimited by the sliding glass panels, which allows having an overview of the office but safeguarding the isolation of each zone; These planes can be opened or closed according to the space needs, allow an adaptive and variable use of it. In the age of the work area, it takes place a magnetized sliding whiteboard, the panel for the generation of ideas, according to its opening allows giving more privacy to the service areas.

ELEVATION

In the palette of materials, the naked materials of the warehouse are predominant, with concrete block walls and rugged flat rough and rustic character, contrasting with the interior furnishings and the crystalline cleanliness.

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From the street, the facade remains blind, somewhat aggressive, a vertical landmark with the name is the door to an atypical space in the interior, and the only access point to the offices. As a pause between the exterior and the interior, take place the access square, a transition space and the main illumination source in the interior space, the only one green place at the office. The interior façade is configured with doors and vaults according to the needs, emphasizing the views to the access point.

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Loja Coletiza RESTAURANTS & BARS, ADAPTIVE REUSE, RETAIL INTERIORS

Coletiza is a living universe built upon plural connections", that is the moto of this collective and collaborative shopping place formed by a group of four entrepreneurs.

LOCATION CENTRO, BRAZIL •Architects: Solo Arquitetos •Area: 750 m² •Year: 2019 •Photographs: Eduardo Macarios

Solo Arquitetos Solo Arquitetos is an architecture practice based in Brazil. Founded in 2015 by the union of six young architects, our work explores three complementary areas: architecture, design and education.

•City : Centro •Country : Brazil

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The aim was to create something that could create a bond between the stores, wrapping this whole universe together inside a long old brick shed (50m long x 7m wide).

This was possible with the construction of a conducting wall alongside the whole length of the building. A "ribbon" that not only creates the identity of Coletiza, but also creates spaces for display - shifting according to each store - changing cabinets and hidden support rooms.

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To design the perfect space for them, it was necessary to create something that could create a bond between the stores, wrapping this whole universe together inside a long old brick shed (50m long x 7m wide).

This was possible with the construction of a conducting wall alongside the whole length of the building. A "ribbon" that not only creates the identity of Coletiza, but also creates spaces for display shifting according to each store - changing cabinets and hidden support rooms.

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ELISSA STAMPA Fashion Design Offic

Elissa stampa fashion office conduct their work. and functions both as a workspace and a production area. designer designs and makes their designed clothes.

LOCATION -

Slash architects

ISTANBUL, TURKEY. •Architects: Aks architecture construction

•Area: 360 m² •Year: 2018 •Photographs: Alt Kat •City : Istanbul •Country : turkey

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The main aim of the slash architects have been to expand the possibility of exhibition walls. The display windows of the showroom changes according to the agenda of the office and acts as an information interface. The flexibility of the facades of all of the spaces within the office create a cozy environment.

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PLAN

ELEVATION

Office entrance has wooden panels that acts as semi-opaque exhibition wall where the trendy colors of the year are exhibited. The entrance welcomes the visitors with a small waiting area that is enhanced by the usage of green shelves where the organic and natural attitude of the design office is displayed..

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Main program of the office consist of two open office working areas and a showroom that acts as a meeting space. the open up the main circulation axis and divide the office into two. On one side the open-office spaces are located, and on the other side the service units and the main showroom space are planned. In the end of this main circulation corridor a chill out area is designed as a staff lounge.

The circulation of the office is designed as an experience corridor, as all the main office program is left transparent facing this corridor. The open-office facades have semitransparent bookshelves that can be dynamically modified through the usage of the office employees. They act as a window display for the office staff while at the same time they maintain privacy of the office interior. The bookshelves that have an elegant touch of natural wood and steel have features such as mirrors, frames, shelves and textile baskets which bring a functional usage to the separators. The vista of the employees have been refined with the integration of visuals.

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The corridor we are encountered with the display window of the showroom, where all of the visitors of the office will experience. The space is designed to enhance the brand knowledge of the office creating a new corporate identity.

Showroom is used to exhibit all of the textile charts designed by the textile office. The inner façade walls act as exhibition surfaces

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C H A P T E R 4

CONTEXT

Site analysis Introduction to Ludhiana Ludhiana is a city and a municipal corporation in Ludhiana district in the Indian state of Punjab. Ludhiana is Punjab's largest city and the largest city north of Delhi. The city has an area of 159 km2 (61 sq. mi) The city stands on the Sutlej River's old bank, 13 kilometers (8.1 mi) south of its present course.

It is an industrial center of northern India, often referred to as India's Manchester by BBC. Ludhiana is among the list of smart cities that will be developed by government of India and has been ranked as the easiest city in India for business according to the World Bank.

It is especially known for its woolen sweaters and cotton T-shirts with the majority of India's woolen clothing brands being based here. Ludhiana is also famous for its industry of shawls and stoles and satisfies the demand of major domestic and international brands Ludhiana is also famous for its industry of shawls and stoles and satisfies the demand of major domestic and international brands. As a result of its dominance in the textile industry it is often dubbed as the Manchester of India.

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About the site The site silver arc mall is located in the center joining various brand outlets and eating hubs. The site is north facing and is 5 story building with an area of 12000 sq. m .

•

Climate

Ludhiana features a humid subtropical climate with three defined seasons; hot summers, monsoon, and cold winters. T has a great variation in temperature.

Sometimes winter frost occurs during December and January.

The Ludhiana lies on 253m above sea level Ludhiana is influenced by the local steppe climate. There is not much rainfall in Ludhiana all year long. The climate here is classified as BSh by the Köppen-Geiger system. The average annual temperature is 24.3 °C | 75.7 °F in Ludhiana. In a year, the rainfall is 726 mm | 28.6 inch.

SITE JUSTIFICATION Ludhiana is famous for its industry of shawls and stoles and satisfies the demand of major domestic and international brands. As a result of its dominance in the textile industry it is often dubbed as the Manchester of India.

Also, Ludhiana growing as one of a fashion hubs in the country , so the idea of redesigning the shopping mall into a fashion brand office is practically possible

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C H A P T E R 6

DESIGN TRANSLATIONS

PROGRAMME FORMULATION SNO.

FUNCTIONAL AREA

1

Admin area

1

AREA (in square feet) Total no.

Area

Floor

Reception

1

96.89

Ground

2

Directors' office with toilet

1

49.39

Ground

3

Manager’s office

7

20.32

Ground/first

4

Designer’s office

1

30.3

First

5

Conference room

2

51.53

Ground/first

6

Waiting area

1

91.64

Ground

7

Record rooms

1

17.7

First

8

Personal assistant office

1

13.01

Ground

9

Toilet for handicapped

2

4.72

Ground/first

10

Toilet

18

1.58

Ground/first

11

Co-working space

1

96.

First

2

Production area

1

Assistant designer’s office

1

27.6

First

2

Design studio

1

73.84

First

3

Workstations

28

3.56

First

4

Meeting areas

3

26.85

First

3

Workshop area

1

Fabric studio

1

127.32

First

2

Sample making room

1

324.4

First

3

Photography studio

1

44.6

Ground

4

Restaurant

1

124

Ground

5

Pantry

2

9.42

Ground

THESIS/FASHION STUDIO/SEC-6.1

PAGE NO. 112

6

Coffee and printing station

2

44.9

Ground/first

7

Storage room

1

16.12

First

8

Staff locker room

1

18.42

Ground

4

Event area

1

Stage area

1

118.07

Ground

2

Managing area

1

28.34

Ground

3

Seating

84

297.58

Ground

person 4b

Backstage area

1

Green room

1

25.2

Ground

2

Changing room

1

18.73

Ground

3

Salon

1

31.65

Ground

5

Retail store

1

Display area

1

147.03

Ground

2

Private shopping room

1

24.24

Ground

3

Try room

3

13.79

Ground

5

Circulation

1

Circulation area

588.2

Ground

2

Circulation

356.2

First

3

Display area

112.42

Ground

THESIS/FASHION STUDIO/SEC-6.1

PAGE NO. 113

ZONING Restaurant

Ground floor

Entrance Pantry

kitchen

Waiting area Reception area

Staff area

Shopping store Managers office Meeting room

Display area

Stairs

Stairs Coffee station Elevator M.D office

washroom

Photo studio

Open lounge Conference room

Greenroom Multifunctional hall Stairs GROUND FLOOR THESIS/FASHION STUDIO/SEC- 6.2

PAGE NO. 114

ZONING First floor

Library/breakout area

Pantry

Recreational area workstations

workstations Storage room Stairs Stairs Stairs Elevator

Coffee station

washroom workstations Open lounge

Design studio Fabric studio

Workshop area

Stairs

THESIS/FASHION STUDIO/SEC-6.2

PAGE NO. 115

THESIS/FASHION STUDIO/SEC-6.3/SITE PLAN

PAGE NO. 116

GROUND FLOOR SITE PLAN

THESIS/FASHION STUDIO/SEC-6.3/SITE PLAN

PAGE NO. 117

FIRST FLOOR SITE PLAN

12.Green room 13.Salon 14.Changing room 15.Photography studio 16.Toilet 17.Janitor’s room 18.Toilet for handicapped 19.Private shopping room 20.Shopping store 21.Restaurant\ 22.Pantry

THESIS/FASHION STUDIO/SEC-6.4/PROPOSED PLAN

1.Reception area 2.Waiting area 3.Staff locker room 4.Toilet 5.General manager’s office (*4) 6.Coffee and printing station 7.Director’s office 8.P.A office 9.Conference room 10.Multifunctioal hall 11.Light and sound control room

GROUND FLOOR PROPOSED PLAN PAGE NO. 118

THESIS/FASHION STUDIO/SEC-6.4/PROPOSED PLAN

1.General manager’s office 2. Workstations 3.Meeting room 4.Conference room 5.Designer’s office 6.Assistant designer’s office 7.Design studio 8.Sample making area 9.Fabric studio 10.Coffee and Printing station 11.Co-working space 12.Break-out area/library 13.Pantry 14.Record room 15.Storage room 16.Toilets 17.Janitors room

FIRST FLOOR PROPOSED PLAN PAGE NO. 119

THESIS/FASHION STUDIO/SEC-6.5/front elevation

FRONT ELEVATION PROPOSED PAGE NO. 120

THESIS/FASHION STUDIO/SEC-6.6/FLOORING

Nova tiles Color – white Size- 1’ * 1’

Nova tiles Color – grey Size- 2’6 * 2’6

PAGE NO. 121

FLOORING

THESIS/FASHION STUDIO/SEC-6.7/MOOD BOARD/GROUND FLOOR

PAGE NO. 122

THESIS/FASHION STUDIO/6.7/MOOD BOARD/COFEE AND PRINTING STATION

PAGE NO. 123

THESIS/FASHION STUDIO/SEC-6.7/MOOD BOARD/MANAGER’S OFFICE

PAGE NO. 124

THESIS/FASHION STUDIO/SEC-6.7/MOOD BOARD/RESTAURANT

PAGE NO. 125

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Major plans with sectional elevations given by the respective Architect and Interior .

Presentation pictures : - Pinterest.com Archporno.com https://en.climate-data.org/asia/india/punjab/ludhiana-889 https://in.pinterest.com/pin/740068151243232705/ https://www.google.com/ https://www.wikipedia.org/ https://en.climate-data.org/ https://www.archdaily.com/878869/ve-grande-headquarters-puntoarquitectonico-plus-ve-grande https://www.archdaily.com/932044/loja-coletiza-soloarquitetos?ad_source=search&ad_medium=search_result_projects https://www.gov.mb.ca/finance/accomm/pubs/office_space.pdf https://www.ucl.ac.uk/estates/sites/estates/files/ucl_space_standards_guidline s_v2-181002.pdf https://www.tru.ca/__shared/assets/Office_Space_Standards38440.pdf https://meritinteriors.com.au/5-examples-office-interior-design-colourschemes/ http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=119196 https://cpwd.gov.in/Publication/aged&disabled.PDF

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