Fall Source Book 2013

Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:01 PM Page 1

the source book

FALL 2013

A Special Supplement To

The Manitoulin Expositor & The Manitoulin West Recorder

Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:02 PM Page 2

Pesticide treatment proofs trees against ash borer

by Michael Erskine MANITOULIN—The predations of the invasive emerald ash borer and the spruce budworm have devastated huge tracks of Canada’s boreal forests since arriving on our shores from Asia hitchhiking aboard wooden packing crates—but now there is a way for tree owners to fight back.

The Expositor spoke with pest management expert Craig Ingram, owner operator of Lanktree Tree Services of Granton, Ontario as he began treating the trees on a Little Current property recently.

Mr. Ingram is a trained professional licenced to inoculate trees using TreeAzin, a patented pesticide developed by the Canadian Forest Service in collaboration with BioForest Technologies Inc., the company who holds the worldwide licence for the product. TreeAzin has proven highly effective in fending off not only the ravages of the emerald ash borer, but is also registered with Health Canada’s Pest Management Regulatory Agency for use against gypsy moths, tent caterpillars, spruce budworm, jack pine budworm, arborvitae leafminers and sawflies, including the birch leafmin-

er and pine false webworm.

To deliver the pesticide throughout the tree, Mr. Ingram uses pressurized small white plastic canisters that are mounted around the base of the tree. Using a small hand-held drill, Mr. Ingram first drills a small hole to reach the cambrian layer of the tree, the thin green layer just inside a tree’s heavy outer bark that distributes fluids coming up from the tree roots throughout the tree.

Although the treatment utilizes a pesticide and must be applied by a licenced pesticide applicator, TreeAzin is produced in Canada from neem tree seed extracts and is scheduled as a less or least hazardous commercial pesticide by the Ontario Ministry of Environment (MOE) and is listed for use in organic crops by the Organic Materials Review Institute. A systemic insecticide, TreeAzin claims to be the only effective product for the control of the emerald ash borer in Ontario and Quebec, a claim of which Mr. Ingram said he has seen first hand evidence in treating trees in the London region.

The material protects the tree for up to two years (the actual time varies depending on a wide range of factors such as tree health and EAB

Lanktree Tree Services owner/operator Craig Ingram of Granton, Ontario drills small holes to mount the pesticide injection system into the trunk of a Little Current ash tree. The TreeAzin pesticide treatment will proof the tree from the depredations of the voracious emerald ash borer and the spruce budworm. photos by Michael Erskine

populations at the time of injection), breaks down naturally and, according to Bioforest literature, does not pose any health risks to applicators, bystanders, pets or the environment. That includes no risk to bees, birds or mammals and does

not impact soil or aquatic systems when the tree leaves drop.

If within 25 kilometres of an outbreak, tree owners are advised to begin treatment of any trees they wish to save, even if there are no signs the tree has been colo-

nized. Suspicious signs that your tree may have an infestation are premature foliage yellowing, canopy thinning, dead branches, heavy seeding, epicormic shoots (small branches coming from lower on the trunk than the canopy) and or on major

branches in the canopy, bark cracks and deformities and woodpeckers or squirrels feeding on the tree.

The emerald ash borer makes distinctive D-shaped exit holes in the bark of an ...continued on page 19

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It’s fishy business for Northern Ontario rainbow trout farmers

by Kelly Daynard LACLOCHE—Standing on the dock of the North Wind Fisheries’ rainbow trout farm, farm manager Rob Pennie is happy to give a tour to a group of visitors. The farm, located on Great Lacloche Island on the North Channel of Lake Huron, is unarguably located in one of Ontario’s most picturesque settings, in an area that is both sheltered but still has good cold water flow.

It’s an isolated setting.

To even get to the farm requires a drive down nine kilometers of gravel laneways. Traffic during Mr. Pennie’s morning commute can consist of deer, bear, wolves, turtles, or even Scottish highland cattle grazing by the side of the lane.

Even after working two years at the farm, Mr. Pennie hasn’t tired of the view. “Sometimes it still hits me,” he said with a grin. “I’ll often try to get here 15 minutes ahead of my staff so that I can just enjoy the scenery. And then it’s time to get to work.”

An average day’s work begins between 6 and 7 am. And, like all types of farmers, Mr. Pennie says there’s no set end time to a work day. “We work until the job is done.”

Mr. Pennie was raised on a beef and sheep family farm on Bidwell Road and while he always knew he wanted to work with livestock, he hadn’t considered fish until he returned home in 2003 after graduating with an Agricultural

Sciences degree from the University of Guelph.

“My whole intent was to move home and farm,” said Mr. Pennie, who still has beef cattle and sheep that he tends to when he’s not raising fish. He took a temporary job after graduation with one of the Island’s fish farms and from there, has built a career in the industry, working his way up to the role of manager of the North Wind Fisheries site, now owned by Blue Goose.

Fish farming was unheard of on Manitoulin Island, and the surrounding area, until 1984 when Mike Meeker, now director of aquaculture for Meeker’s Aquaculture, a division of Blue Goose Pure Foods, moved to the

Island with a vision of raising rainbow trout.

Today, there are nine rainbow trout sites in the area, managed by five farms, with growing interest from others.

Karen Tracey, executive director of the Northern Ontario Aquaculture Association, said that aquaculture is the fastest growing agricultural sector in the world. In Ontario, fish farms are able to supply about 10 million pounds of farmed trout per year but the demand is three times that.

“An estimated two hundred thousand pounds of farmed fish comes into Ontario monthly from Chile and Peru to meet the demand here,” Ms. Tracey explained. “We’d love to be able to fill that.”

On rainbow trout farms, the fish arrive as young “fingerlings” (named so because they’re about the size of a finger). They live in 50x50 foot cages or net pens submerged in the water to a depth of about 45 feet. The cages are covered in a protective netting to keep hungry wild birds

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Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:02 PM Page 4

This year’s garden: what worked and what didn’t

by Alicia McCutcheon SHEGUIANDAH—In front of a small but eager crowd at the Centennial Museum of Sheguiandah recently, garden guru Wendy Gauthier of Little Current shared her green successes, and failures, in a seminar titled ‘This year’s garden: What worked and what didn’t.’

Ms. Gauthier explained that at the end of each August she goes through the process of grading her garden, laughing that it’s probably “the teacher in her” coming out, as Ms. Gauthier is a retired elementary school teacher.

So as not to become overwhelmed, Ms. Gauthier suggests looking at your garden in small sections rather than as a whole.

“Then you have an idea of ‘wow, that worked,’ or ‘that’s a great shade combination’ or ‘yuck, those colours look awful together’,” she said.

Gardens are reflective of the planter’s personality and this is a subjective thing, she added, “some people even use gout weeds!”

To light up a garden, Ms. Gauthier suggests using a white-coloured plant in the distance—this also helps to draws one’s eye in.

“There’s not enough time spent on appreciating our gardens,” Ms. Gauthier explained. “We always focus on the negative.”

She noted the importance of soil. “Your soil has to be fertile, moisture retentive, free from rocks, weeds and roots.” Manitoulin has a prevalence of white cedar and with this brush comes an extensive root system.

“They’re a force to be reckoned with,” the gardener said.

“When planting an area around cedar roots, don’t give up,” she urged. Digging a deeper hole for larger plants will mean less of a struggle for the root systems of that plant, Ms. Gauthier

further explained.

When choosing additives, many gardeners will use composted cow or sheep manure, “which are great,” but Ms. Gauthier also suggests using Evansville’s own Meeker’s Magic Mix in clay-rich portions of the garden, which will help to “loosen things up.”

“You shouldn’t think you have to do it all now, but rather pick an area now and save another for next spring,” she said.

On the topic of mulching, she had two cautions for the audience: applying mulch on dry soil will keep moisture at bay so gardeners should keep a sharp eye on the weather and, secondly, in nature there are three levels: soil, compost then mulch. It is important to add compost as this will give off the much-needed nitrogen that is vital for soil. Mulch will simply pull the nitrogen from the soil without the compost layer.

When planting, “choose your plants carefully,” Ms. Gauthier cautioned. “It has to get along with its neighbours and not be too enthusiastic. Locate plants carefully and place them where bloom time allows for sequential blooming,” she advised. “Plants should be placed where height, foliage, shape and habitat complement their neighbours and where it shares watering needs with its neighbours.”

“When planting, don’t dig a $2 hole for a $10 plant— taking more time will mean more success,” Ms. Gauthier added.

While many gardeners will stick to zone 3 and 4 variety plants, she encouraged experimenting with zone 5 plants too.

And for those enthusiastic plants, “If you don’t want a plant to spread, don’t give it all it wants—put it in a different spot.”

Plant labels can also be

Wendy Gauthier recently gave a post-garden pep talk to an audience at the Centennial Museum of Sheguiandah.

misinterpreted. Full sun means six hours of sun, but often this does not mean the sun at its hottest times, between 12 and 3 pm, Ms. Gauthier explained. And when it says shade, “that doesn’t mean no light!”

When it comes to weeds, the sooner they are removed the better. Ms. Gauthier also recommends planting closely to help avoid the pesky plants. A mix of horticultural vinegar and water will kill shallow rooted plants, but as for deep rooted weeds?

“You have to pull them out.”

Buying plants from nurseries can also mean the spread of foreign weeds to a garden so she urges gardeners to be aware.

In seasons of drought, apply mulch, “eliminate water hogs,” place thirsty plants near water sources

and eliminate root competitors, Ms. Gauthier urged.

She also spoke on pests, namely slugs, snails and deer. In her own garden, a light 6’ fence around the vegetables has done the trick from keeping deer at bay but

Ms. Gauthier has also sprayed entry points to her garden with smelly stuff, such as Bobbex. “So far so good,” she added.

A 1:8 ammonia water mix will kill snails and slugs without harming the plant,

while a simple dish soap and water mix does the trick for aphids and spider mites.

And perhaps most importantly, with all you do, “stay positive and make sure you enjoy it,” Ms. Gauthier advised.

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Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:02 PM Page 6

Cindy’s

Manitoulin hawberry recipes EDITOR’S NOTE: The following is a sampling of the hawberry recipes sent in to The Expositor office as part of our A Taste of Manitoulin recipe contest. All recipes can be viewed online at manitoulin.ca Boil above ingredients hard for approxiHawberry Squapple 1 lg. butternut or pepper squash (if small, mately 10 minutes. Test with a spoon until it sheets on spoon or to 221°F on candy use 2) thermometer. Bottle in sterilized jars and 2 Granny Smith apples seal immediately.

1 Gala apple (or any sweet red apple) Yield: approximately four 250ml jars. butter Enjoy this taste of Manitoulin jelly. salt and pepper Submitted by: 1 jar hawberry jelly Joan Beard Cut and peel and cube squash and apples.

Tehkummah (If you like apple skin, then leave on.)

Put in lightly buttered oven pan.

Hawberry Apple Galette Dot with small bits of butter, salt and pepIn a mixing bowl toss: per to taste.

2 large or 3 small Manitoulin apples, Spoon hawberry jelly over the top, using 1/2 to all of the jar, depending on size of peeled and thinly sliced 1/3 cup hawberries squash.

2 Tbsp. butter Cover and bake at 350° for 50 - 60 min2 Tbsp. turbinado or granulated sugar utes till squash is cooked.

1 Tbsp. lemon juice If it is too juicy, uncover and bake anoth1 tsp. cinnamon er 10 minutes.

Place a thawed sheet of PC butter puff Can be adjusted depending on how many are coming to dinner. It will be good no pastry on a cookie sheet lined with parchmatter what! Goes well with pork, turkey, ment paper.

Place the fruit mixture in the middle, form chicken, fish, wine... a circle in the centre of the sheet, leaving Submitted by: Robin Rigby about 2 inches from the nearest side and Sarnia mound.

Fold the corners in first and fold the extra pastry back onto itself, then fold over the Low Sugar Hawberry Jelly remaining sections in a bowl-type shape.

4 cups hawberry juice Use a pastry brush to brush the pastry 1/4 cup lemon juice 1/2 teaspoon margarine or butter (pre- with a beaten egg or water, lightly.

Sprinkle 1 Tbsp. or so sugar over the pasvents foaming) try.

3 1/2 cups sugar Bake at 375°F for 20 minutes or until 1/4 cup crabapple juice (optional but necgolden brown and the apples soften. essary if hawberries are very ripe) I like to coat the hawberries in the lemon All fruits lose pectin as they ripen. In order to have a natural jell develop, there juice and sugar mixture first, then add the must be a balance between sugar, acid and rest to make sure the hawberries get a good pectin. Crabs have lots of pectin especially sugar coating but this is optional.

Submitted by: at hawberry time (September). Crabapples Valerie McIntyre can also be quartered and cooked along Little Current with the hawberries if you aren’t planning to make crabapple jelly.

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Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:02 PM Page 7

Time to prep your pets for cooler weather MANITOULIN—It’s a fall ritual to get our homes, cars and even ourselves ready for the colder weather. How many of us, though, consider the impact of the changing season on our pets?

Cooler weather usually brings dry air, so using a humidifier will help to keep the nose and throat of our dogs and cats from drying out. It’s the same for their coat and skin.

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Poor weather and decreased daylight may cause limited visibility for drivers at night, so take extra precautions, including using a leash, when walking your pets.

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Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:02 PM Page 8

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For any occasion, give the gift of history in progress. Keep your friends and family up-to-date with an affordable gift subscription.

For quick service, call the Expositor office at 705-368-2744 or email expositor@manitoulin.ca Digital subscriptions available to anywhere in the world just $42.00! Visit www.manitoulin.ca

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CLIP AND SEND this request to the The Manitoulin Expositor, Box 369, Little Current ON P0P 1K0 Annual Subscription Rates: ZONE 1 Manitoulin Island.............$42.00 Seniors’ discount less 10% $37.80 Manitoulin Island First Nations.......$40.00 Seniors’ discount less 10% $36.00 ZONE 2 *Off-Island...................... $47.25 Seniors’ discount less 10% $42.53 *Postal codes with second digit “0” PLUS Birch Island to Espanola ZONE 3 **Off-Island................... . $57.75 Seniors’ discount less 10% $51.98 **All other postal codes NOT Espanola ZONE 5 USA...............................$155.00 OTHER INTERNATIONAL ....$350.00

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Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:02 PM Page 9

Winterizing vehicles an important step for drivers MANITOULIN—As fall gradually gives way to winter, vehicle owners often sigh at the thought of driving in winter weather or spending weekday mornings clearing their vehicles of ice before heading to the office. But manning the wheel through another snowstorm or whittling away another night’s worth of ice from a car’s windshield are not the only rites of passage motorists must endure as cold weather returns.

Winterizing a vehicle can improve vehicle performance during a time of year that can be especially harsh on automobiles. Low temperatures make for lessthan-ideal conditions for engines to run, while potholes left behind by snowplows can damage a vehicle’s wheels and may even result in flat tires and a damaged suspension system. In addition, salt used to improve traction on roadways can cause rust. Short of moving to a locale with

mild winters, there’s little drivers can do to protect their vehicles from harsh winter weather. But winterizing a vehicle can prevent some of the more common issues drivers may encounter when the temperatures dip below freezing.

Take time out for your tires. Winter weather can limit traction, putting the safety of drivers and their passengers in jeopardy.

When possible, avoid driving in the snow, and steer clear of roads where ice and

black ice are known to form.

While such measures can greatly reduce your risk of being in an accident, you likely can’t avoid driving entirely come the winter.

Drivers who want improved traction from their tires throughout the winter can purchase winter tires for their vehicles. Such tires can more effectively handle

roads that are covered in snow and ice than all-season tires. Another way to improve traction during the winter months is to constantly monitor tire pressure, which decreases more rapidly when the weather is cold. Properly inflated tires provide better traction and protect against damage that may occur when driving over potholes.

Consider a low-viscosity oil in the winter. The owner’s manual of your vehicle may recommend you use a lower viscosity motor oil to counter the dip in temperature that’s synonymous with winter. When the temperatures outside fall, the oil inside your vehicle thickens, and a thicker oil won’t circulate through ...continued on page 17

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Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:02 PM Page 10

Harvesting and storing herbs from you garden: a guide

by Robin Burridge MANITOULIN—As the leaves start to change and the fall season takes over Manitoulin with its beauty and colour, it is tell-tale sign to harvest your garden and prepare it for winter.

Up until the first big frost, sage, rosemary, thyme, parsley, oregano, basil, chives and other common herbs can still be harvested and saved for uses throughout the winter.

Manitoulin Herbalist Donnie Schram explained that there are many ways to save herbs and shared a few of them with The Expositor.

“The most common is to dry herbs and the best way to do that is to hang dry,” said Mr. Schram. “You can place your herbs in a brown paper bag, tie the stems with twine and attach them to a beam. The herbs should be placed to hang dry in a cool, dry place––not a damp basement. The brown paper bag is helpful because it keeps them in the dark and dry,

Manitoulin Herbalist Donnie Schram collecting wild herbs with his dog.

Lemon balm and oregano is readied before being hang dried.

keeps spiders and other bugs out and if any of the herbs fall off during the drying it contains them.”

Mr. Schram said you can also dry herbs in the oven, but often it will burn off the essential oils.

“Another option is to freeze the herbs,” continued Mr. Schram. “This is not a good method if you plan on using the herb for tea, but for culinary uses it works well. You can chop up the herb, such as rose-

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mary or thyme, very fine and mash it up with butter.”

The herbed butter can be wrapped in wax paper and put into freezer bags or into ice cube trays to be used in cooking.

The third method the

Manitoulin Herbalist described is making an herbal oil through steeping herbs in a mason jar with olive oil.

“Let your herbs wilt for 24 hours and then place them in a mason jar with olive oil,” said Mr. Schram.

“You should let the herbs steep in the oil for 4-6 weeks, after which you will have a nice, aromatic oil.”

Many herbs can also be found in the wild on Manitoulin such as thyme and even chamomile (a wild variety called pineapple weed).

“There are so many different herbs you can find on the Island because of the bioregional diversity,” explained Mr. Schram.

“For example, you cross over three bioregions just between Kagawong and Providence Bay.” “Everyone has their own ways to harvest herbs,” concluded Mr. Schram.

“It’s not an exact science, more of a personal art form. Whatever works for you is perfect.”

Mr. Schram is available for herb walks, consultations, land assessments, herbal clinics and special events. For more information visit www.manitoulinherbalist.com or follow him on Twitter @ManitoulinHerbs.

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LOTS OF HUNTING STOCK: • Scopes and Game Cameras • Deer Scents & Attractants • Hunting Clothing • Archery Supplies • Excalibur Crossbows • Rifles, Muzzle Loaders and Shotguns • Ammo

Thompson/Center

Regular Store Hours Mon - Sat 8:45am-6:00pm

by Jim & Sue Waddington Co-published by the Art Gallery of Sudbury/Galerie d’art de Sudbury In 1977, the authors set off to discover and document the actual sites that inspired these painters. Jim and Sue Waddington have spent the last thirty-six years on a journey of discovery - tracking down clues, deciphering old sketches and letters, exploring hidden inlets, even using the very modern Google Earth!

Their results are found in this magnificent book. In the Footsteps of the Group of Seven travels the very routes followed by the artists, illuminating the source material for their vision. With reproductions of the original paintings and contemporary photographs of the locations where the paintings were created, the book is an inspired and original exploration of the Group of Seven.

“The story of the Group of Seven and their art provides a foundational narrative for most Canadians for whom the wilderness becomes ever farther away from their front doors. Their paintings ring true."

—Tom Smart

This is a wonderful book with many photos and paintings of the La Cloche/Grace Lake area and Northern Ontario.

Inc.

PURCHASE YOUR BOOK ONLINE at www.artsudbury.org When you buy it through this site Jim and Sue have donated 100% of the proceeds to the Gallery.

at D.A. Williamson & Sons

For more information call 705-675-4871

Get Your Hunting Licence Here!

“What began as a canoe trip became a quest. Some have called it an obsession.

It may well be that, but the rewards have been beyond expectation.”

— Jim and Sue Waddington

“The Hardware Store” Mindemoya 705-377-5748

page 10b ~ Manitoulin Sourcebook (Fall 2013)

Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:02 PM Page 11

P at N oble L umber

& Building Supplies Ltd.

1 CALL DOES IT ALL! 1-800-263-8963 For all your Building & Hardware supplies from start to finish!

705-282-3281 • fax 705-282-2970 Hwy 540 west of Gore Bay

Don’t get caught in the cold with old man winter this year!

See what Pat Noble Lumber has to offer and save $$$$ on heating costs.

FIREPLACES

Starting at $924 for this unit

Napoleon 2200 Timberwolf

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upp to

into your participating AUTHORIZED NAPOLEON DEALER ®

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Outstanding 86% Efficiency Rating • EPA Certified • Wood Burning Stove shown with optional leg and ash pan kit • Comes standard with a fully refractory lined firebox and painted black cast iron door • Conveniently located air control lever • Optional blower kit • Heats up to 2000 ft2

We install and can provide WETT Reports

Napoleon High Country™ NZ6000

Napoleon GDS50 Gas Stove

Napoleon NPS Pellet Stove

• Largest firebox in the industry allowing for an overnight burn • Advanced airwash system helps keep the glass clean • Firebrick lined firebox with a cast Napoleon® insignia, ensures quality in every fireplace • Optional country crane and hearth pot

• Advanced high-tech, triple-burner effect includes an advanced “furnace type” 14,000 BTU burner behind logs, acting as a “turbo boost” for those colder days and nights • A stunning maximum 44,000 BTUs in natural gas provide outstanding performance • 50% flame/heat adjustment for maximum comfort and efficiency • Equipped with 100% SAFE GUARD™ gas control system for your peace of mind

• Convenient top, loading for easy fueling • Automatic ignition • Stove hopper pellet capacity is 55 lbs • Variable speed auger and variable speed blower provide maximum comfort and control • Heavy-duty, 1/8” thick, seamless heat exchange tubes radiate heat into the room for maximum efficiency even after the stove is shut down • Hinged door for convenient access to combustion chamber for routine maintenance…no tools required!

Visit our NEW online store at www.noblelumber.ca

Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:03 PM Page 12

P at 1 CALL DOE N oble 1-800-263 L umber & Building Supplies Ltd.

Empyre Pro 400 “Gasification� outdoor wood furnace In January of 2013 Pat Noble Lumber installed an Empyre Pro 400 “Gasification� outdoor wood furnace in hopes of reducing increasing heating costs.

After hooking the furnace up to 3 different buildings and after 4 months of operation they were astounded by their success story. Below, you will see how and where they have saved money.

What size of buildings did you heat in 2013?

Retail space: 3900 square feet

Warehouse: 1560 square feet

House: 3500 square feet

Empyre Pro 400

How did you heat each building in 2012 before installing the Empyre Pro 400?

We used a wood pellet furnace in the retail space and an oil furnace in the house. The warehouse was not heated in 2012.

How much was your combined oil/pellet heating costs in 2012?

!

!

!

Our total cost to heat the retail space and the house with oil and pellet combined was $12,702 (tax in).

After installing the Pro 400, what % did the wood furnace offset your pellet and oil consumption? How many cord wood is used in the Pro 400 each year to heat all 3 buildings?

We offset our oil and pellet consumption 100%, plus we are now heating an extra 1560 square feet of warehouse from 2012! By installing the Pro 400 in January, we have only 4 months of operation but we are on pace to use approximately 40 cord. At $85/cord we will spend in the neighborhood of $3400/year plus labour for operation. That is a savings of $9302/year, less what it takes for our yard guy to handle wood and operating maintenance.

Premium UĂŠ ĂŠ , UĂŠ -/ /ĂŠĂŠ

Sentinel

$89

We in reports

What is the price for the Pro 400 and what did it cost to install? How long will it be before you see a return on your investment?

The Pro 400 retails for $12,000. We spent an additional $13,000 for installation and taxes. We will have the Pro 400 pay for itself in less than 3 years.

After that, it is money in the bank!

Would you recommend the Pro 400?

Yes. Not only because we sell this product. The Pro 400 has already proven us to be a cash saver. This product is not for everyone although if you need to heat multiple buildings it is a great way to heat. All you need is someone to fill the firebox twice a day and do minor cleaning maintenance once per week. Empyre also makes smaller units to suit residential heating. Go to www.profabgroup.com to learn more

Save on heating costs this winter.

Huge ra

Top up on your attic R-Value with blow-in insulation.

We will install. Call for free quote today.

JELD-WEN understands thereĘźs a lot riding on your window purchase.

Energy efficiency, value, style, reliability – all the things JELD-WEN excels in. Call us or come in today and we will work with you to find the perfect windows for your home.

Windows • Doors

We now do installations!

280 CHAMPIO

$

Visit our NEW online store

Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:03 PM Page 13

For all your Building & Hardware supplies from start to finish!

705-282-3281 • fax 705-282-2970

ES IT ALL! 63-8963

Hwy 540 west of Gore Bay Vista Flame Wood Stoves & Pellet Stoves

Handcrafted Hearth Pads

WETT Inspections available or FREE with new stove purchase.

STONE SERIES

To opa

Ironston

Earthton

Optional Slate TrimÊÊ "vviÀi`Êv>VÌ ÀÞÊ ÃÌ> i`Êv ÀÊ ÕÀÊà >ÌiÊ«>`ðÊÊ Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê ÊÊ

>Ãà VÊL >V Êà >ÌiÊ«À w iÊV « i ÌÃÊ> ÞÊV À° Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê

Your search is over for a powerful freestanding pellet stove – the VF 170 has maximum heat output in a medium footprint.

Features • 41" high x 23.5" wide x 19.25" deep • Up to 70,000 BTUs • Tested Efficiency 86% • EPA Emissions 2.3 g/hr • Large heavy-duty heat exchanger • Dual chamber ash pan • Large heat output in a medium footprint • Up to 120 lb hopper capacity • Powerful convection fan • Tri-Mode electronic controls • Manual operation • On/Off thermostat compatible • Hi/Lo thermostat compatible • Standard igniter • Remote control compatible • Standard bolt-on hearth pad

Pellet Stove Reg. $3350 Ashblen

mium Tile Hearth Pads Ê ," Ê , Ê qÊ Ì }Ê Ì Ê VÀ>V ]Ê Ã« ÌiÀÊ ÀÊ Ü>À« /Ê -/ / " Ê qÊ Ã « ÞÊ >ÞÊ ÛiÀÊ iÝ ÃÌ }Ê v À } -

The Vistaflame VF170 - Freestanding Pellet Stove

""

"

"

Sale Price $2895 Wood Pellets Now in Stock! $5.50 per bag Picked-up $5.95 per bag Delivered

Hardwood & Softwood available.

The Vistaflame VF1700 FS Freestanding Wood Stove Your search is over for a powerful freestanding pellet stove – the VF 170 has maximum heat output in a medium footprint.

Features • 2.50 cu. ft. firebox. • 20" log size. • Up to 74,000 BTUs • Up to 84.7% efficient. • EPA tested to 4.5 gms emissions.

• Side air damper rod stays cool to touch.

• Single, easy-to-use draft control to easily regulate the fire.

• Twin pilot-injector ports for easy start up.

• Ultra strong air wash to keep glass clean.

• 8 to12 hours burn times. • Brick-lined firebox with 6" flue.

• 4 x 1" 304 grade stainless steel secondary air tubes.

• Long life c-cast ceramic top baffle.

• Heavy-duty construction weighing up to 450 lbs.

•5/16"/1/4" thick steel top and ash shelf on flat top models.

nel Model - 6”X36”

89 per 3ʼ Length

install and WETT rts can be provided.

Wood Stove Reg. $1922

Sale Price $1825

e range of commercial/industrial heaters

22 Ton 6.5 HP Log Splitter

$1699.99

from $127.29

2800W/4000W MPION GENERATOR

$499.99

3.78L POULAN PRO BAR & CHAIN OIL Buy 2 or more for

$8.99 each

5500W/6500W CHAMPION GENERATOR

7200W/9000W CHAMPION GENERATOR

20G AIR COMPRESSOR PACKAGE

$799.99

$1199.99

$384.93

re at www.noblelumber.ca

Rain-X Windshield Washer 3.78 litres

$4.69

Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:03 PM Page 14

P at N oble L umber

& Building Supplies Ltd.

1 CALL DOES IT ALL! 1-800-263-8963 For all your Building & Hardware supplies from start to finish!

705-282-3281 • fax 705-282-2970 Hwy 540 west of Gore Bay

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Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:03 PM Page 15

...It’s fishy business for Northern Ontario rainbow trout farmers ...continued from page 3

from feasting off the occupants.

When they arrive, there may be as many as 50,000 fingerlings in a pen but as they grow, they’re divided into additional pens to give them the room they need.

It takes between 12 and 15 months, on average, for a rainbow trout to reach a market weight of 2.5 to three lbs.

Fish farmers use a variety of methods to monitor their fish’s health and habitat. On his farm on the west side of the Island, Mr. Meeker SCUBA dives daily in the summer (and weekly in the winter) to check his pens. North Wind Fisheries also uses divers and underwater cameras to help monitor fish health.

“We’re proud of our record,” said Mr. Meeker.

“We have very low mortality rates, virtually no disease issues and a high quality product. It’s also important to us to protect the environment that we’re working and living in. We know it’s healthy because of the amount of wild fish living outside of our cages.

If it wasn’t, they wouldn’t be there.”

Like other farmers, a fish farmer’s environmental commitment is something they take very seriously.

They must comply with the relevant legislation and have land use permits to use the water in front of their shores. Water quality is tested regularly and farmers keep detailed records of everything they do.

While there are definite differences between raising fish and other types of farmed livestock, both Mr. Pennie and Mr. Meeker said that the fundamentals are the same. The fish need high energy, low phosphorus feed in precise amounts, constant care and ideal living conditions in order to thrive.

Like other farmers, weather is a constant focus of fish farmers. “I’m likely checking the forecast four or five times a day,” Mr. Pennie said. He added, “I likely check it even more than when I used to decide when to cut hay!”

In the spring, weather monitoring is even more critical when ice on the lakes and in the channel begins to break up. During periods like this, Mr. Pennie and his staff are on

call 24 hours a day. Large shifting sheets of ice can do significant damage to the fish cages as temperatures warm up in the spring. As a result, farmers use a variety of methods including water agitators, submersible cages and log booms to try and protect their cages from damage.

In the summer, warm weather can also be stressful on the trout so farmers are constantly monitoring water temperatures and adjusting feed levels accordingly for optimal fish health.

After a decade of fish farming in the area, Mr. Pennie said he’s learned one key thing: “There’s no such thing as an expert in this industry because every site is different. Things that work on one farm don’t necessarily work at another. At every farm I’ve worked at, I’ve learned something new.”

What does he like best?

“I love being outdoors and working in agriculture. It’s a great way of life.”

To learn more about rainbow trout farming in Ontario, visit www.ontarioaquaculture.com or www.eattrout.ca.

a o B

50% OFF Sale Rack

e n i l r e rd

20% OFF Selected Items

Dedicated to making your winter a little warmer.

Phone: (705) 368-2421

Visit us on the web at: manitoulinfuels .com

Ser ving Manitoulin & the Shore Your source for home heating requirements: • Stove and Furnace Oil • Heating equipment sales, installation & service • Hot water tank rental program • 24 hr emergency service REMEMBER TO COLLECT AIR MILES

cleaner heat TM page 15b ~ Manitoulin Sourcebook (Fall 2013)

Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:03 PM Page 16

Home improvement projects perfect for fall MANITOULIN—Home improvement projects can add value to a home and doit-yourselfers know the sweat-equity that goes into such projects can give homeowners a greater sense of pride in their homes. But no two home improvement projects are the same, and homeowners should know that certain projects are best tackled during certain times of the year.

Fall is a great season to work on your house, as the weather is often at its most agreeable once the summer heat has gone and before winter weather arrives.

The following are a handful of fall-friendly home improvement projects for homeowners looking to improve their homes.

Roof repair Whether you’re repairing or replacing the roof, fall is a great time of year to dust off the ladder and get some work done on your roof for a variety of reasons. First and foremost, fall is ideal for roof work because you won’t have to be up on the roof with the summer heat bearing down on you. This can make the project move along more quickly, which is especially beneficial if you are paying labourers to work on the roof. The fewer hours work-

"

! " "

" "

"

Fall is an ideal time of year to tackle home painting projects.

ers are fixing your roof, the less you will be paying in labour costs.

In addition, fixing up the roof in the fall ensures those winter storms, be it rain or snow, won’t find their way into your home via leaks. A leaky roof in winter is hard to fix, as the

roof surface could be treacherous in the winter and winter winds can make it dangerous to be up on the roof at all. Addressing leaks in the fall can prevent damage to your home’s interior, which can mount up if a leaky roof is not addressed until the follow-

ing spring.

Window work When the weather outside gets frightful, poorly insulated windows can allow cold air into the home. That often has a trickle-down effect on finances, forcing you to

"

" " " " "

...continued on page 18

Manitowaning

Always there when you need us - that’s our promise!

146 Arthur St. P.O. Box 28 Manitowaning, Ontario P0P 1N0 705-859-3132

• Home Heating/Furnace Oil • Diesel Fuel • Gasoline • Auto/Industrial Lubricants

Automatic Delivery Seniors Discounts

Grant Moggy

Shane Laidley

Bob Swihart

A Local Team Helping You Keep Comfortable Located in downtown Manitowaning, “The Village on the Bay�, this full service store has everything you need to help you enjoy your visit to beautiful Manitoulin Island. Whether you stay for two days, two weeks or the entire summer season, Al and the team at Manitowaning Freshmart are ready to provide great service, top quality fruits and vegetables, fresh meat cut in-store by an experienced butcher just the way you like it, deli products and a whole lot more.

Check for yourself. You won’t be disappointed.

STORE HOURS: Monday-Thursday & Saturday - 9am - 6pm Fridays - 9am - 8pm • Sundays - 11am - 4pm

no name Worth switching supermarkets for.

page 16b ~ Manitoulin Sourcebook (Fall 2013)

™

saving you money every day

Let Shane Laidley, Grant Moggy and Bob Swihart look after all your fuel needs.

Best of all, they’re your neighbours, so they don’t need directions!

Don’t be left out in the cold!

We’re here to help.

If you have any questions, or would like to arrange delivery, PLEASE CALL 705-368-2640 or 1-800-361-0015

OUR SERVICE IS SECOND TO NONE

Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:03 PM Page 17

...Winterizing vehicles an important step ...continued from page 9

the engine as well. This can cause engine problems because the engine won’t be adequately lubricated. A low-viscosity oil is naturally thinner, so it may improve lubrication throughout the winter. The vehicle owner’s manual should recommend oils based on climate. If not, talk to your mechanic about changing from the oil you use throughout the year to a low-viscosity alternative during the winter.

Inspect your vehicle before winter arrives. No one wants to be out on the road during the first snowstorm of the year only to discover certain components are not working properly. Belts and hoses, while durable, can be put through strenuous conditions during the winter months, so a close inspection of belts and hoses should be conducted in late fall. In addition, windshield wipers are especially important in winter, when snowfall can drastically impact visibility. You will want your wipers working at full capacity once the winter begins, so replace older wipers (the shelf life

for standard wipers is typically one year) and use a deicing windshield washer fluid to maximize visibility.

Another component that must be inspected is your car’s battery. Many drivers have experienced a dead battery, which, in warm weather, is more of a nuisance than a health concern.

In cold weather, a dead battery can threaten your health if you find yourself stranded in cold weather.

Especially low tempera-

tures can compromise a battery’s power by as much as 50 percent, so have your battery inspected in late fall and replace it if need be.

Don’t be caught off guard. Part of winterizing a vehicle is being prepared if the vehicle breaks down.

Make sure you have extra washer fluid in your vehicle’s trunk, and don’t forget to include an ice scraper, snow brush or even a snow shovel in the trunk as well.

A snow shovel may be nec-

MADORE SPORTS AND ELECTRONICS

essary if you need to dig your car out if it’s been buried somewhere other than your driveway. Other items to carry in your trunk include a blanket, a change of clothes, an extra hat, an extra pair of gloves, some nonperishable food, and a few bottles of water.

Winter can be especially harsh on automobiles. But drivers can take several preventive steps to ensure their vehicle is safe and sound on the roads this winter.

For all your hockey needs

HOCKEY

EQUIPMENT Now in stock!

Soccer Cleats 20% off

HOCKEY SHOP Open late Thursday and Friday - until 8pm Monday - Saturday 9:30am - 5:30pm

We do skate sharpening!

Natural wonder The pool at Bridal Veil Falls was teeming with spawning salmon recently. This natural wonder is always a big draw for visitors and Islanders alike. This photo is part of The Expositorʼs Facebook fall photo contest.

DOWNTOWN GORE BAY • 705-282-2361

Appliances, Mattresses, Furnishings & Custom Cabinets

Building or Renovating?

86 Vankoughnet Street East, Little Current Mon - Fri: 10 - 5pm Sat 10 - 2pm 705-368-1200 facebook.com/turnersoflittlecurrent

Let us measure and quote on your new cabinets today!

1/2

Truckload

PRICE Mattress Sale

Sylvio Vaillancourt Store Manager

starting at

We pay the tax!

We pay the tax!

starting at $ not exactly as shown

Recliners

All sofa sets ON SALE

• B R I N G U S YO U R B E S T P R I C E , A N D W E ’ L L B E AT I T !

579!

Refrigerators

Cash and carry only

$

399!

not exactly as shown

30" Stoves

Reg. $599 white only Cash and carry only

• B R I N G U S YO U R B E S T P R I C E , A N D W E ’ L L B E AT I T ! page 17b ~ Manitoulin Sourcebook (Fall 2013)

Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:04 PM Page 18

...Home improvement projects are perfect for the fall ...continued from page 16 turn up the thermostat in an attempt to offset the cold air pouring into the home.

Whether you need your windows replaced or simply need to patch up any leaks, a proactive approach to leaky or older windows in the fall can save you from unnecessarily high heating bills come the winter.

Addressing leaky windows also makes a home more comfortable for its inhabitants.

Fall is the ideal time to address a home’s windows

because the temperature outside tends to be pleasant. This means you likely won’t have to make much of an effort to offset the elements, and open windows in the fall won’t make your home’s interior very hot or cold like they might if you were to tackle the project during the summer or winter.

Fixing the floors Wood flooring is a hot commodity for many homeowners. But not all flooring can be added to a home at any time of year. That’s

because certain types of flooring employ adhesives that need temperatures inside the home to be within a certain range, and that range is often within 21°C to 27°C, which makes fall a great time to install such floors. Colder temperatures can make it difficult for the flooring to dry and bond, which will prove problematic down the road. What’s more, many people entertain friends and family come late fall and into the holiday season, and it can be difficult to do so if you

are busy installing new flooring.

Painting projects Painting is another home improvement project that seems tailor-made for fall.

A fresh coat of paint or a new color scheme around the house can give a home an entirely new look and feel. But paint can be pungent and the aromas may last if it’s applied at a time of year when it can’t dry

while the windows are wide open. Paint fumes inside a home can make the home uninhabitable, but painting at a time of year like the fall, when you can keep the windows open during and after the project, can help air the home out.

But interior painting isn’t the only painting project homeowners can tackle in the fall. Many exterior paints are temperature-sen-

Thank you for the opportunity of helping Manitoulin area residents improve their health over the past year!

sitive and need the temperature outside to be above 4°C. Paint that freezes won’t dry properly, and homeowners might be left with a costly and unsightly mistake on their hands. Fall temperatures tend to be amenable to both interior and exterior painting projects, just be sure to check the weather forecast before making your first brush stroke.

I am looking forward to assisting many more of you in meeting your health goals in the future.

Dr. Jim Veitch 705-368-0700

LC-Chiro@live.com

103-15 Worthington St. P.O. Box 814 www.littlecurrentchiropractor.com Fall is the perfect time of year to fix the floors in your home.

MORE THAN JUST A GREAT HARDWARE STORE! Come in and get your Free Christmas Catalogue!

So many family gifts to choose from.

Use your HOMECARD and receive

6 Months, No Interest!

Home Hardware is proud to support The Hospital for Sick Children With your support Home Hardware and Sick Kids are bringing help closer to home.

Visit us at www.sickkids.ca

Mindemoya

e Don’t b ! inted disappo SHOP EARLY!

5855 Hwy. 542 • (705) 377-5341 page 18b ~ Manitoulin Sourcebook (Fall 2013)

Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:04 PM Page 19

...Pesticide treatment proofs trees against ash borer ...continued from page 2

infected tree and S-shaped galleries are often evident under the bark on the wood of the tree. An uninfected tree should have a full canopy of leaves and the density of foliage is a strong indicator of the dosage needed to treat a tree.

Although ash trees often have fewer leaves than other species, such as maple, suggests Bioforest literature, a thinning canopy on an ash tree will exhibit fewer leaves than there should normally be.

Only true ash trees are of concern, as trees such as mountain ash are not susceptible to the insect. A true

ash is a medium to large tree with compound leaves having seven to nine leaflets and paddle-shaped leaves, whereas the mountain ash consists of small trees or bushes and the leaves typically have 13 to 17 leaflets and the mountain ash is noted for its clusters of bright red berries in the fall.

Treating the trees is not cost effective for large tracts of forest, but if there are a number of trees that play a significant role in your property, landscaping it might be something to consider. “The cost is approximately $6.50 per centimetre, so you are looking at about $200 to $400 a tree,” said

Mr. Ingram. “A course of treatment runs about five times over 10 years, biennially.”

The success rate can be quite dramatic. “Some areas down by Oakville had a big infestation,” he said. “They got three treatments, they hit them really hard and it paid off with 98 percent success.”

Dramatic photos show two trees across the road from each other, one untreated and the other having been inoculated. The canopy of the un-inoculated tree is sparse and bare, while the treated tree sports a strong thick crown of

STOPCIATI GALLERY COMMEMORATING THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF

Manitoulin's Swing Bridge

...continued on page 23

Dawn to Dusk by John Stopciati

A SPECIAL CANVAS EDITION OF 100 IMAGE SIZE 12" X 24" PLEASE CALL FOR DETAILS WATCH FOR OUR NEW WEBSITE ORIGINAL PAINTINGS & REPRODUCTIONS OF THE HERITAGE AND SCENIC BEAUTY OF MANITOULIN ISLAND AND AREA

by John Stopciati

153 APPLEGROVE ST. SUDBURY PHONE: 705-673-4443 TOLL FREE: 1-800-314-9915

www.johnstopciati.com

A necklace of cartridges around the base of the tree ensure the pesticide is distributed to the entire tree.

professional ccare Lanktree that off offers ffeers professional are and maintenance maintenance Services is a comprehensive comprehensive tree tree care care business that Lanktree Tree Tree Services customers with a tree tree service of trees properties. service that that is residential and ccommercial ommercial pr operties. We We provide provide customers trees on both residential tisfaction, with a goal of exceeding exceeding customer both environmentally satisfaction, customer esponsive and rrooted ooted in customer customer sa environmentally rresponsive expectations industryy best pr practice safety methods.. actice saf ety methods expectations using industr We service Ontario Stratford, Manitoulin.

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In C In Canada anada along with the Emer Emerald ald A Ash sh B Borer, orerr, TTreeAzin reeAzin is rregistered egistered for for o use against: against • Gypsy M Moth oth • TTent e ent C Caterpillars aterpillars • Spruc Spruce e Budw Budworm orm Pine Budworm • Jack P ine Budw orm •A Arborvitae rborvitae Leafminers Leafminers Birch Pine Webworm • SSawflies, awflies, including Bir ch LLeafminer eafminer and P ine FFalse alse W ebworm

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Trimming Trimming and Pruning Pruning important in elimina ting dead oken or TTrimming rimming and Pruning Pruning is important eliminating dead,, br broken for o more more light diseased branches. branches. Pruning Pruning will allow allow for light and air to to penetr penetrate ate the canop canopyy which will incr increase ease the health of the tree, tree, and will allo allow w ffor or o bett better er fruit or flo flower wer pr production. oduction.

Trimming Trimming can elevate elevate the tr tree ee tto o allo allow w ffor o or clearance clear l ance ffor or o buil b il buildings and for fo or rights-of-way. rights-of-way.

P Planting lanting Lanktree Tree Tree Services Services can help guide residential Lanktree residential and ccommercial ommercial property owners owners in choosing the most appr property appropriate opriate tr tree ee or shrub ffor or o the location location indica indicated. ted.

Lanktree Lanktree can acquire acquire the healthiest nursery nursery stock stock and plant plant the tree tree starting starting a long healthy healthy lif life. fe.

519.281.1803 • cr craig@lanktr craig@lanktreetreeservices.ca aig@lanktreetreeservices.ca • www.lanktreetreeservices.ca www.lanktreetreeservices.ca page 19b ~ Manitoulin Sourcebook (Fall 2013

Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:04 PM Page 20

How to improve indoor air quality as winter approaches MANITOULIN—With fall about to give way to winter, many people will soon be spending more time indoors. Winter weather can be harsh, and it can be difficult for fresh air to make its way into a home once the warmer temperatures of summer and fall give way to the cold days of winter.

Poor indoor air quality can cause multiple problems. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, poor indoor air quality can increase a person’s risk of developing pneumonia, and it also may aggravate existing respiratory conditions such as

Mopping can remove pollutants the vacuum cleaner might have left behind.

asthma. The EPA also notes that long-term exposure to indoor air pollution can increase a person’s risk for heart disease, respiratory diseases and even cancer.

Because indoor air pollution can be so devastating, many homeowners look for ways to improve their indoor air quality, especially before the arrival of winter, when residents of the home figure to spend such a significant amount of time indoors. Fortunately, homeowners can take many steps to do just that.

Clean with soap and water. Soap and hot water can still clean a home effectively, and this ageold combination might be the healthiest way to clean

as well. Many household cleaning products contain potentially harmful ingredients that can introduce toxins and irritants into a home. Avoid such cleaners and solvents when cleaning a home. If stains prove too stubborn for soap and water, be sure to open windows when using potentially harmful cleaners indoors.

Purchase an air filtration system. Air filtration systems vary significantly in size, cost and function.

Some systems are designed to remove specific pollutants, and may not be effective at removing additional indoor air pollutants.

Larger models tend to be most effective at filtering pollutants like dust, but such units are more expensive than smaller units. If your home is especially dusty, then a large filtering system may prove a worthy investment.

Open windows and doors when possible.

Introducing outdoor air into a home is a great way to improve indoor air quality. Of course, opening windows and doors might not be feasible in the middle of winter. But take advantage of any such opportunities when they present themselves. For example, after cooking a big meal, open the kitchen exhaust fan to allow fresh air into the home. Such fans are not large enough to cause a significant temperature drop in the home, but they can directly remove contaminants from inside the home, like those that might be emitted from gas stoves.

Insist guests and residents remove their shoes.

Chemicals can find their way into a home in a variety of ways, and you and your fellow residents or guests may be tracking them into your home on your shoes. Keep a doormat inside all entryways, and insist guests and residents remove their shoes before entering your home.

This reduces the amount of potential pollutants brought into your home and also makes cleaning the home that much easier.

Break out the mop.

Vacuum cleaners can be effective at picking up pollutants inside a home, but they also can leave things behind. When a vacuum cleaner seems to be leaving some dust behind, take out the mop and, with just a little water, address the areas where dust is still lingering. Water should be enough to do the trick, and, unlike some cleaning products, water won’t be introducing any additional

page 20b ~ Manitoulin Sourcebook (Fall 2013)

harmful pollutants into the home.

Smoke outside. Smoking inside a home is inviting trouble, especially during those times of year when the windows cannot be opened.

Secondhand smoke is a significant source of indoor air pollution, as cigarette smoke is known to contain more than 4,000 chemicals.

Smoking indoors, whether an area is well- or poorlyventilated, can be dangerous to smokers. Exposure to secondhand smoke puts adults and children alike at risk of several diseases, including asthma and cancer. If you or your fellow residents or visitors must smoke, do so outdoors.

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Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:04 PM Page 21

How to prepare your yard for winter MANITOULIN—Changing seasons can be tough on a lawn. Always exposed to the elements, lawns can fare especially poorly upon the arrival of winter, a season known for its harsh and unforgiving weather.

Even the most perfectly manicured lawn can suffer at the hands of winter weather, causing homeowners to sit idly by and hope spring arrives that much sooner.

But as punishing as winter weather can be on a lawn, homeowners are not without recourse. Much like homeowners can take steps to help their lawns survive sizzling summer heat waves during the warmer months of the year, they also can take steps to help their lawns make it through the often stormy weather synonymous with winter.

Don’t procrastinate.

Putting off the process of winterizing a lawn can put that lawn in jeopardy.

Lawns will turn dormant the closer you get to winter, and they may reject the nutrients found in fertilizer as a result. Those nutrients will prove valuable once spring weather returns, so start the winterization process in early fall so the lawn has sufficient time to absorb nutrients and

Removing debris, including dead leaves, from a lawn before the arrival of winter weather can help prevent suffocation.

strengthen itself for the seasons to come.

Treat trouble spots.

Summer can be even hard-

er on a lawn than winter, especially for those lawns located in regions where heat waves and drought are

common. In such instances, certain spots on the lawn seem to be hit harder than others, and those spots should get special attention when winterizing the lawn.

Check the soil’s pH levels before fertilizing or applying any treatments. Such a test will reveal which spots need the most attention, and treating trouble spots now will make spring lawn care that much easier.

Aerate the property.

Aerating can help a lawn recover after a long summer and help it survive the potentially harsh months that lie ahead. Aerating, which involves puncturing the soil or removing cores of soil from the ground, can restore a lawn to health by improving its drainage and allowing more water and air to reach the roots of the grass. Aerating also makes it easier for nutrients to penetrate the soil, which encourages a healthier lawn over the long haul.

Aerators can be purchased or rented, but homeowners uncomfortable with the process may want to enlist a professional to tackle the job. Parents of small children who spend lots of time in the yard may need to aerate their lawn more than most, as heavy lawn traffic compresses the soil, a

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page 21b ~ Manitoulin Sourcebook (Fall 2013)

Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:04 PM Page 22

...How to prepare your yard for the winter months ...continued from page 21

potentially harmful process that can be reversed via aeration.

Take steps to strengthen the roots. Aerating promotes stronger roots, but homeowners might also want to find a winterizing product with potassium and phosphorous, both of

which can strengthen roots.

Different types of lawns will respond differently to certain winterizers, so discuss your options with a lawn care professional who can help you find the right fit for your property.

Remove debris from the lawn. Debris left on a lawn over the winter can prove very harmful. Piles of

debris left scattered around a lawn can suffocate the blades of grass, leading to long-term damage and a potentially unsightly lawn come the spring. In addition, piles of debris might make good homes for organisms that can damage the lawn. As fall moves into winter, periodically remove all debris, includ-

ing leaves and branches fallen from trees.

Make the lawn off-limits once the temperatures dip below freezing. A lawn should be off-limits once

the ground freezes.

Stepping on grass that has frozen will leave noticeable footprints, and walking on frozen grass can kill the turf. When winter arrives,

people should avoid using the lawn as a shortcut into and out of your home and stick to driveways and sidewalks instead.

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Fall Source Book 2013_Spring SB 13-10-18 12:04 PM Page 23

...Pesticide treatment proofs trees against ash borer ...continued from page 19

leaves.

Mr. Ingram agreed with the suggestion that lakeside property owners whose yards contain strategically located mature ash trees were one of the key clients he is anticipating would be interested in retaining his company’s services.

“I like fishing and visiting Manitoulin,” he noted. “So I am thinking it would be a great combination.” His family has strong links to the Tehkummah area.

“That’s where the Lanktree part of the company name comes from. My grandfather was a Lanktree and involved in the forestry industry. The name is sort of to honour his memory.”

The company name is also appropriate in light of the services it offers. “It is from England, lank is a term for tall, so when people would arrange to meet it would be by the lank tree.”

Mr. Lanktree has been working in the arboreal field for several years. He was working in the automotive industry when he saw the writing on the wall and looked around for an alternate career. “I have always been an outdoors type,” he said. “So this work really fit well together with my lifestyle.”

Allison A. Barr, program officer with the Canadian

Food Inspection Agency, could not confirm how far the EAB had spread on Manitoulin Island, noting that the CFIA surveys an area to determine the presence of the insect and if the insect is detected in the area, reports that fact and then moves on to check another area.

“The insect is very difficult to detect,” noted Ms. Barr. The insect begins laying its 60-odd eggs at the top of a tree, and then moves further down the tree. The insects tunnelling through the cambrium layer eventually girdles the tree, preventing nutrients from travelling up the trunk and leading to the death of the tree.

If the tree is younger and smaller, its presence will become evident much sooner than it will in a much larger and older tree. “A hundred-year-old tree can sustain quite a large amount of larva,” noted Ms. Barr.

“If the tree can sustain more, the insect will lay its eggs there. But it is an excellent flyer as well and if the tree is inundated to capacity, it will move on to another candidate. The size of the tree doesn’t matter.”

Unfortunately, once a tree is infected to a certain level, its survivability drops. “If there is more than a 30 percent canopy loss it may make more sense to plant a replacement tree than to

CREDIT COUNSELLING SUDBURY Craig Ingram, owner/operator of Lanktree Tree Services, displays the two sizes of pressured cartridges used to deliver the proper amount of TreeAzin pesticide to combat the emerald ash borer and spruce budworm into the treeʼs vascular system. photos by Michael Erskine

attempt to save the infected one,” noted Ms. Barr. If canopy loss exceeds 50 percent, the best option is to take the tree down and replace it.

Ms. Barr noted that ACECAP-97 is another treatment option available in Canada for treatment against the EAB and a wide variety of other tree pests.

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