MBM MANUEL BENITO MORENO URBAN RESEARCH PORTFOLIO
Hi, I’m a young Architect, Urban Planner and researcher who believes that a catalytic change can happen by enhacing the built environment to face our times’ challenges. I constantly search for ways of bringing together digital culture, social empowering and sustainable design, and swim confortably in multidisciplinary work groups. Travelling and cooking are the fuel to my engine.
PROFILE
SKILLS & TOOLS
EDUCATION
SOFTWARE
LANGUAGES
SEP 2002 - JUN 2012 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (School of Architecture ETSAM) Master in Architecture (M.Arch)
CAD - 3D
SPANISH
DESIGN - POSTPRODUCTION
ENGLISH (UK)
JAN 2014 - MAR 2015 Universitat Politècnica de València Post-graduate Diploma: GIS specialist for Architecture, Urban Planning and Territorial Management SEP 2014 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (School of Architecture ETSAM) Master in Urban Studies
GRANTS SEP 2007 - SEP 2008 Universidade de São Paulo (School of Architecture FAU) Exchange program Magalhães DEC 2014 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (School of Architecture ETSAM) Team for Innovation in Education and Research (Urban Planning Department DUYOT)
Autodesk AutoCAD Maxon Cinema4D
Adobe Photoshop Adobe InDesign Adobe Illustrator
GIS
ESRI ArcGIS Quantum GIS GVSIG City Engine 3d
DATA MANAGEMENT MS Excel MS Access R
Native Negotiation and Technical
C2, Proficiency Negotiation and Technical
PORTUGESE (BR)
Proficiency Negotiation and Technical
FRENCH
Medium knowledge Fluent comprehension
PROGRAMMING Visual Basic Python HTTML/CSS
EXPERIENCE & TIMELINE SEP 2006 - JUL 2007 MADARA PROYECTOS
|Jr Architect - Madrid, Spain| Design of single housing projects, construction schedules and site monitoreeing. Design consultancy for Madrid’s METRO Public Company.
2006
2008
2010
|Architect - Shillong, India| 2012 Designed and scheduled an architectural project for the Resourse Center of North-eastern India based NGO Impulse, featuring a Shelter home for human trafficking victims.
|GIS EDUCATOR - Madrid| Teaching activity on GIS concepts and software for territorial and urban analysis.
|Embú das Artes, Brazil - Internship| Intern at one of the official agencies for Social Housing development within informal settlements of São Paulo`s metropolitan area.
NOV 2008 - MAR 2009 JBMC ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO
APR 2009 - JAN 2010 Impulse NGO Network
SEP 2014 ETSAM / CET Duque de Alba
BEFORE 2006 - A struggling waiter and student JAN 2008 - MAR 2008 PRO HABITAÇÃO
MAR 2008 - NOV 2008 ASHOKA INNOVATORS FOR THE PUBLIC |Internship - São Paulo, Brazil| Intern in a global Social Housing iniciative developed by the social sector leader, Whasington based Ashoka, as part of the field office team
OTHER
2014
2007 Advanced Architecture and Digital Fabrication IAAC, Barcelona 2008 Full Economic Citizenship summer training Ashoka HQ, Washington 2009-2009 BioArchitecture Basics Course (Teacher) Ubatuba, São Paulo
|São Paulo, Brazil - Internship| Collaboration in the design and building documentation for two major new subway stations in Rio de Janeiro´s METRÔ
2008 Article “Profile: Isay Weinfeld” Pasajes Arquitectura y Crítica, Madrid
MAR 2010 - SEP 2012 EcoSapiens Colective
2010-2012 Bamboo and Reed as building materials Collaborations with CanyaViva, Madrid
|Various - Freelance designer| Freelance architect within a colective composed of engineers and architects specializing in sustainable design
FREELANCE ARCHITECT...for a while DEC 2014 ETSAM/UPM
|Madrid - Urban Studies Researcher| Grantholder at ETSAM’s Urban Planning department involved in diverse activities
2011 Visual Programming Basics Frikeark, Madrid 2015 Article “Where is the Urban Outside? Cuarto Mag, Santiago de Chile/Paris 2015 Parallel Workshop ETSAM-Kingston University Joint Research urban Workshop Embajadores/Madrid
ENVIRONMENT
DATA COMPILED
SOCIO-ECO
STUDIES
MORPHO
DATA GATHERING
ANALITICS OPPORTUNITIES
//density peaks//census tract
OPPORTUNITIES
//service area on network//various
OPPORTUNITIES
GIS for the built environment
//year of construction//cadastre
//tipology//cadastre
//density//various
//hosing size//cadastre detail at peak density
//cbd//by size
GIS WORKFLOW Parallel Workshop ETSAM-Kingston University
//void-built//axis
//demographics//foreign
//business activity//cadastre
Urban Analytics for bottom-up Urbanism at Embajadores (Madrid)
//population//total
//politics//evolution
//demographics//proportion
//demographics//evolution//total//local-foreign Legend .
Plants
Plant density
Legend
Legend
Optimal Facades
Urban Heat Island
Optimal solar arch
Summer gradient
0.00
Facade Orientation
1.00 - 7.60
Orientation
North
35.87 - 51.09
Northeast
51.09 - 121.20
East Southeast South Southwest - NOTES -
West
This map represents the "green" areas of the Embajadores disctrict. Due to the high densities of the urban fabric there is difficult to find any delineated green area as such. Therefore we've understood as green areas those streets and sqares which have any plant on it.
Northwest
- NOTES -
In one hand we can observe there's an important lack of green areas in most of the neighbourhood. We must pay attention to this because plants can help to control and improve the shading conditions in summer and the transpiracy of the pavement. In sum building greener cities will reduce the urban heat island effect.
//solar radiation//year mean 0 25 50
100
150
200
250
Meters 300
[
Scale 1:5000
//slope on urban network//dem
This map represents the orientations for all the facades both interior and exterior of Embajadores disctrict.
100
150
200
250
Meters 300
[
Scale 1:5000
//tree density//urban network
We must combat this effect in order to improve the termal comfort conditions by incrementing the breathable pavement areas.
This map is specially relevant to implement bioclimatic proposals in the urban scenario related to solar
0 25 50
EMBAJADORES
This analysis reveals that the temperature gradient is directed from East (Puerta de Atocha station) to West (Puerta de Toledo). And the difference reaches values up to 2 Celsius degrees inside the neighbourhood.
The optimal orientations are those between the 45º SE and less than 30º SW which hasn't solar obstructions in a significant percentage of surface.
On the other hand we observe that the main streets conected to Ronda de Valencia have higher "green densities" than the others. We should study how to give them some continuity.
- GREEN AREAS -
This map represents the temperature gradient due to the Urban Heat Island effect on the disctrict. This is a very important climatic aspect of Embajadores, because the peak of this heat island is located on the Atocha station.
- NOTES -
- ORIENTATIONS EMBAJADORES
0 25 50
100
150
200
250
Meters 300
[
Scale 1:5000
//facade orientation//
- URBAN HEAT ISLAND. SUMMER EMBAJADORES
//facade orientation// Legend
Legend
Legend
Water flow Lines
Wind Fetch
Stream lines
Urban Heat Island
Degree
Winter temperature
5th level
Very Low
4rd level
Low
3rd level
Medium
2nd level
High
+3 ºC
+0 ºC
1st level Flow accumulation Streets Low accu. Medium accu. High accu. Max accu. - NOTES At this time, all the rainwater is conducted to sewer. Therefore is not reusable for gardening or street cleaning purposes.
This workshop focused in the neighbourhood of Embajadores (Madrid)
+2 ºC
On flat surface
7.60 - 35.87
Developement of a higly effective and automated procedure within GIS software, for data mining, analysis and decision making in a neighbourhood scale, in order to establish a comprehensive approach to the role of the Urban Planner as a City researcher that can trigger a bottom up discussion.
+ 0 ºC
Optimal orientation
Plants/km2
- NOTES According to the directions of the prevailing winds of Retiro area, the direction and the width of the Embajadores's streets, this map represents an aproximate wind fetch model.
This map represents the natural rainwater drainage streams on the streets of Embajadores. The historical fabric of the neighbourhood responds to an intelligent adaptation to the topography respecting it's natural watercourses. We should be aware of this fact, to improve the urban metabolism of Embajadores and freshen the neighbourhood environment.
0 25 50
100
Scale 1:5000
//aspect//DEM
//bio//approach
150
200
250
Meters 300
[
- WATER STREAMS EMBAJADORES
//hidrology//accumulation
- NOTES This map represents the temperature gradient due to the Urban Heat Island effect on the disctrict. This is a very important climatic aspect of Embajadores, because the peak of this heat island is located on the Atocha station. During the winter, the peak value displaces to west around Santa Isabel St.
The greatest fetch values are for those streets with NE - SW orientation and without obstacles. The streets with NW - SE and N-S orientation and N-S doesn't have wind at all.The most important wind path is Ronda de Valencia.
This analysis reveals that the temperature gradient is directed from East (Puerta de Atocha station) to West (Puerta de Toledo). And the difference reaches values up to 3 Celsius degrees inside the neighbourhood.
This wind analysis is intended to suggest that streets with higher fetch values are the optimal to reduce their temperature during the summer at favorable humidity and shading conditions.
0 25 50
100
Scale 1:5000
150
200
250
Meters 300
[
- WIND FETCH EMBAJADORES
//wind fetch//by orientation
0 25 50
100
Scale 1:5000
150
200
250
Meters 300
[
- URBAN HEAT ISLAND. WINTER EMBAJADORES
//wind fetch//by orientation
Overradiated areas during the summer to protect with deciduous vegetation
Green parcels
To provide green continuity from the neighbourhood’s boundary to its insides
Green boundary
promenade
Connects the neighbourhood with the Madrid’s urban structure and has to be more walkable
Breathable streams
Urban areas with natural water drainage to increment their pavement’s breathability
Sun fetch buildings
Green sun protection
Green parcels
Green
Due to their situation, facade’s orientation and rooftop obstruction, those buildings fetch more sun than the others.
To provide green continuity from the neighbourhood’s boundary to its insides
Urban areas with natural water drainage to increment their pavement’s breathability
Sun fetch buildings
Due to their situation, facade’s orientation and rooftop obstruction, those buildings fetch more sun than the others.
The big middle over th income As a re ethnic newcom A stron movem pattern the city
Overradiated areas during the summer to protect with deciduous vegetation
promenade
boundary
Connects the neighbourhood with the Madrid’s urban structure and has to be more walkable
N
Breathable streams
The big middle over th income As a re ethnic newcom A stron movem pattern the city
Green sun protection
Due to their situation, facade’s orientation and rooftop obstruction, those buildings fetch more sun than the others.
Urban areas with natural water drainage to increment their pavement’s breathability
Sun fetch buildings
Breathable streams
Takes the streets on sundays and opens Lavapies to the rest of Madrid bringing significant benefits for local commerce.
Rastro
Self-managed spaces show a strong trend of collectivism in the neighbourhood
A huge share of ground floor space is occupied by a diverse and dynamic retail structure.
Social happenings
Some small housing units are located at the ground level of buildings or even below.
Housing
Commerce & leisure
Notice the big concentration of large scale amenities at the fringe of the neighbourhood.
Amenities
A significant proportion of foreigners concentrate towards the Plaza Lavapies.
population
Spanish vs foreigner
Takes the streets on sundays and opens Lavapies to the rest of Madrid bringing significant benefits for local commerce.
Rastro
Self-managed spaces show a strong trend of collectivism in the neighbourhood
Social happenings
Some small housing units are located at the ground level of buildings or even below.
Housing
A huge share of ground floor space is occupied by a diverse and dynamic retail structure.
C
3
Notice the big concentration of large scale amenities at the fringe of the neighbourhood.
A significant proportion of foreigners concentrate towards the Plaza Lavapies.
Amenities
approacheco-approach
for the extreme warm and dry conditions of Madrid’s summer. Due to the low transpiracy of the pavements, the high irradiance values on some areas, and the air pollution, Lavapies is highly affected by the Urban Heat Island Effect, which epicenter ºC in Madrid is located around Atocha station, and produces a significant temperature variation of 2-3 ºC between Atocha and Puerta de Toledo. On the other hand, Lavapiés is located in a crucial situation between Retiro Park and Madrid Rio. kW The main possible connection between them is Ronda de Atocha St. All the neighbourhood is built in slope oriented to South. As a result, a _Green fingers to cool down the Heat Island certain staggering of facades is found, even in buildings the same height. Almost energy consumption in Every single with degree variation, increments every E-W oriented building has a little 7%. On one hand, the dense and variegated urban fabric blocks share of South façade. high percentages of solarAnalyzing radiation the at the ground level. The squares solar irradiance, the windcomfortable fetch, and locations to promote outdoor are the most potentially the naturalactivities water drainage onwinter, the but they have to be readapted collective during the streets, we can locate the most for the extreme warm and dry conditions of Madrid’s summer. suitable to combatof the Due to theareas low transpiracy the pavements, the high irradiance Urban Heat Island Effect. values on some areas, and the air pollution, Lavapies is highly affected by the Urban Heat Island Effect, which epicenter ºC in Madrid is located around Atocha station, and produces a significant temperature variation of 2-3 ºC between Atocha and Puerta de Toledo. On the other hand, Lavapiés is located in a crucial situation between Retiro Park and Madrid Rio. kW The mainTechnical possible connection Ecology and comfort. approach between them is Ronda de Atocha St. All the neighbourhood is 0m 25m 50m 100m 150m 200m 250m Scale 1:6.000 built in slope oriented to South. As a result, a certain staggering of facades is found, even in buildings with the same height. Almost _Green fingers to cool every E-W oriented building has adown little the Heat Island Every of single increments energy consumption in share Southdegree façade.variation, Analyzing the 7%. On one hand, solar irradiance, the the winddense fetch, and and variegated urban fabric blocks highnatural percentages solar radiation the water of drainage on the at the ground level. The squares are the we mostcan potentially comfortable locations to promote outdoor streets, locate the most collective areas activities winter, but they have to be readapted suitable to during combatthethe
3
Spanish vs foreigner population
//bio-potential//winter
EMBAJADORES
- BIOCLIMATIC CONDITIONS: WINTER -
[
Meters 300
250
200
150
100
Scale 1:5000
//bio-potential//summer
0 25 50
EMBAJADORES
- BIOCLIMATIC CONDITIONS: SUMMER -
[
Meters 300
250
200
It results difficult to find good lighting conditions on the buildings because higher volumes shade the lower ones without describing clear patterns. In addition to that, there are very few facades exposed to sunlight significantly, and most of them are located inside the small courtyards of the buildings.
150
This map reveals that the squares inserted on the variegated but characteristic urban fabric are the most comfortable locations to promote outdoor urban activities.
100
Scale 1:5000
For obtaining the bioclimatical welfare conditions of Embajadores during the winter we've considered the solar irradiance values for both facades and streets, as well as a wind fetch model, a temperature model, and a breathability model of the neighbourhood surfaces.
Takes the streets on sundays and opens Lavapies to the rest of Madrid bringing significant benefits for local ommerce & commerce. leisure
0 25 50
- NOTES -
Rastro
Optimal
High
High
Medium
Medium
Low
- NOTES In order to obtain the bioclimatic comfortable locations of Embajadores neighbourhood during the sumer period we've considered the situation of trees and green areas and a water flow accumulation model to know what streets could be more confortable in addition to winter analyses. Our main intention is to combat the effect of urban heat island, whose peak is around Atocha Station. This map reveals that we could focus our actions on creating an urban green network both in the perimeter and inside the neighbourhood on that purpose. Urban green network shoudn't be limited to the treatment of the streets. Due to changes in ground level elevation, which produce certain staggering of facades and rooftops we can find some buildings to extend the network over the
Very Low Low
Medium
Very Low
Low High Bioclimatic comfort. Street
Very low
High
Null
Medium
Self-managed spaces show a strong trend of collectivism in the neighbourhood
Very low Low
Very High Bioclimatic comfort. Street
Regular facade Optimal facade Solar irradiance. Rooftop
Solar arch and irradiance
Regular facade Optimal facade Solar irradiance. Rooftop
Facade Optimization
Legend
Legend
Social happenings
Some small housing units are located at the ground level of buildings or even below.
//solar radiation//winter
Housing
//solar radiation//summer
EMBAJADORES
!! !! !! !! !!! !
A huge share of ground floor space is occupied by a diverse and dynamic retail structure.
m ca
[
Commerce & leisure
Notice the big concentration of large scale amenities at the fringe of the neighbourhood.
250
!
!! ! A significant proportion of !! ! ! ! !! !! foreigners concentrate towards ! ! ! !!!!!the Plaza Lavapies. ! !
200
150
!! !
!! !
! !! !! !! population ! ! !!!! ! ! ! !! !
!! !!! !
100
Scale 1:5000
!
0 25 50
EMBAJADORES
[
250
200
150
the squares inserted on the variegated but characteristic urban fabric are the most comfortable locations to promote outdoor urban activities.
- SUN DURATION. WINTER -
!
!
100
Scale 1:5000
Meters 300
0 25 50
- SUN DURATION. SUMMER -
We should be aware of some squares such as Agustin Lara and Tirso de Molina, and streets like Colegiala and Argumosa, whose high irradiance values have to be reduced with trees to prevent high temperatures during the summer. Meters 300
This analysis reveals that the urban fabric blocks a high percentage of radiation at the ground level, specially on the streets with N-S direction and E-W narrow streets.
This analysis reveals that the urban fabric blocks a high percentage of radiation at the ground level, improving it's termal conditions during the summer.
This map represents the duration in hours of direct solar radiation over the surfaces of Embajadores disctrict. This duration has been calculated using the winter solstice solar arch with an interval of 2 hours. We've used an standard overcast sky model to obtain in addition to this analysis the solar radiation values on each surface.
- NOTES -
This map represents the duration in hours of direct solar radiation over the surfaces of Embajadores disctrict. This duration has been calculated using the summer solstice solar arch with an interval of 2 hours. We've used an standard overcast sky model to obtain in addition to this analysis the solar radiation values on each surface.
Spanish vs foreigner
- NOTES -
Low : 0
Low : 0
3
High : 9.11055
Winter hours
High : 14.8894
Sunlight duration
Summer hours
Legend
Sunlight duration
! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !!! !!! ! !! !!! !
Legend
!
2
//political landscape//
Amenities
Enriches everyday life of Lavapies for dwellers and visitors.
!! ! ! ! !! ! !! !!!! !! !! !! ! !
//amenities//
2
//land use//cadastre
Ground floor attractor
Gathering places and main spaces of interaction.
m ca
!
!!! !! !
Parks and plazas
!! !
Large parks
!
Until 2009, most of the population was situated in the center of the neighborhood, but in 2014 it has been dispersed toward Urban structure. Technical approach south-west of the district. Generally the foreigners live in Scale 1:6.000 0m 25m 50m 100m the 150mcenter 200m of250m the district, while spaniards reside scattered, nearby the limits of the neighborhood. The distribution of foreigners has changed. The cause is the decrease of the population of Americans and Africans and a higher increase of Asian population, mostly from China and India. Generally Asians tend to live in the center of thanthesocially diverse the_More district where main Chinese stores are Europeans in theand 28% of foreigners Therelocated. is currently a 72% reside of Spaniards north of the while Americans inhabiting the district, area. Typically, the average of foreign population and are distributed age isAfricans somewhere between 20 closed and 40toyears old. Agustín Lara’s Plaza Mandela’s The totaldepopulation hasand been reduced in the latest years mainly Plaza, around Lavapies, the of foreigners. The Spanish because of theMetro decrease in theinarrival core area ofhas the been neighborhood. population constant while the foreign population has The working gone through ups andpopulation downs since 2004. increased 75%. Until 2009,since most2004 of thetopopulation was situated in the center of Embajadores has the the neighborhood, but highest in 2014 it has been dispersed toward unemployement rate Generally of south-west of the district. the foreigners live in Centro district. the center of the district, while spaniards reside scattered, nearby the limits of the neighborhood. The distribution of foreigners has changed. The cause is the decrease of the population of Americans and Africans and a higher increase of Asian population, mostly from China and India. Generally Asians tend to live in the center of the district where the main Chinese stores are located. Europeans reside in the _More diverse north of the than district,socially while Americans ThereAfricans is currently a 72% of closed Spaniards and are distributed to and 28% of foreigners inhabiting the area. Typically, the average of foreign population Agustín de Lara’s Plaza and Mandela’s age is around somewhere between 20 in and Plaza, Metro Lavapies, the40 years old. The total has been reduced in the latest years mainly core area population of the neighborhood. because of the decrease in the arrival of foreigners. The Spanish The working population populationsince has been increased 2004 constant to 75%. while the foreign population has gone through has ups and downs since 2004. Embajadores the highest Until 2009, most of the was situated in the center of unemployement ratepopulation of the neighborhood, but in 2014 it has been dispersed toward Centro district. south-west of the district. Generally the foreigners live in the center of the district, while spaniards reside scattered, nearby the limits of the neighborhood. The distribution of foreigners has changed. The cause is the decrease of the population of Americans and Africans and a higher increase of Asian population, mostly from China and India. Generally Asians tend to live in the center of the district where the main Chinese stores are located. Europeans reside in the north of the district, while Americans and Africans are distributed closed to Agustín de Lara’s Plaza and Mandela’s Plaza, around Metro Lavapies, in the _Green fingers to cool down the Heat Island core area of the neighborhood. The working Every single degree population variation, increments energy consumption in increased since 2004 to 7%. On one hand, the 75%. dense and variegated urban fabric blocks Embajadores has of thesolar highest high percentages radiation at the ground level. The squares unemployement rate comfortable of are the most potentially locations to promote outdoor Centro district. collective activities during the winter, but they have to be readapted
//hotel and leisure urban border//
!
Large void space or under-used structures that might admit change
!
//density//interpolation
!! !!! !
!!!! !! ! ! !!!! ! !! ! ! ! !!! !! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !! !!! !! !!!! !! !! ! ! !! !!!!! !! !!! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!! !!! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! !! !!!!! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! !! !!!! !! !!! ! ! !!!! ! ! !! ! ! !!!!
//visibility on network//
!
Opportunity-void
Not that many, but should be considered as opportunities
! ! !!! !!! !! ! !!! !! !! !! ! ! !! ! ! !!!
FACILITIES Green areas do not seem to be enough to satisfy local demand, basic facilities such as health care and schools can be easily reached within less than 15 minutes walking. The best serverd areas are not_More the most ones, diverse thandense socially therefore cosideringa the There is currently 72%users of Spaniards and 28% of foreigners distribution, and taking into inhabiting the area. Typically, the average of foreign population account the facilities in the age is somewhere between 20 and 40 years old. contiguous areas, beyond the The total population has been reduced in the latest years mainly administrative boundaries because of the decrease in the arrival of foreigners. The Spanish of “Embajadores”,might be while the foreign population has population has been constant of great interest. gone through ups and downs since 2004.
N
!! !
!! ! ! ! !! !! !! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! !! !! !! !! ! ! ! !!
Empty plots or
!
2
Lavapies’ highest ! ! concentration ! !! of tiny housing !! !!! !! units !!!!!!!!!!!!
!! ! ! ! !!!!! ! ! !! !! !! !! !!! ! !
N
!
-30 m²
Density peak area
!!! !! !
//service area//sum
BARRIO DE EMBAJADORES
-AÑO DE ULTIMA REFORMA-
[
Meters 300
200
50 100
1:5.000
0
!! ! ! ! ! !! !m² !<20 ! !!!! !! !! !! ! !
!
2000 - 2014
1980 - 2000
1940 - 1960 1960 - 1980
1920 - 1940
!
!!!! !! ! ! !!!! ! !! ! ! ! !!! !! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!! !! !!!! !! !! ! ! !! !!!!! !! !!! ! ! !! ! ! !!! !!!! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! !! !!!!! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!! !! !!! ! ! !!!! ! ! !! ! ! !!!!
N
1850 - 1900 1900 - 1920
! !!! !!! !! ! !!! !! !! !! ! ! !! ! ! !!!
!
1800 - 1850
1700 - 1750 1750 - 1800
1650 - 1700
!!!!! ! ! !! !! !! !! !!! ! !
!
1
Leyenda
//last renovated//cadastre
socio econ approach socio econ approach socio econ approach morpho approach morpho approac mo
MOBILITY ‘Embajadores’ offers great public transportation contiguous beyond the vehicle access. Its public service andareas, limited private administrative boundaries transportation network includes three metro lines, of “Embajadores”,might several bus lines along be peripheral streets, and one of great interest. minibus route through the narrow streets of the neighborhood. Embajadores is surrounded by main arterials lines while the streets within are Urban structure. Technical approach mostly narrow and pedestrian oriented. 0m 25m 50m 100m 150m 200m 250m Scale 1:6.000 FACILITIES Green areas do not seem to be enough to satisfy local demand, _Dense, organic, connected basic facilities such as health and care and ! TOPOLOGY organic tissue schools can beThe easily reached withinof the oldest side of this neighbourhood follows an organic adaptative pattern to a steep less than 15 minutes walking. side ofbest the hill in whichareas the city The serverd areof Madrid lays. The very core of the the urbanmost network is strongly not dense ones,conditioned by the topography, respondingcosidering to the undulating therefore the userslandscape of ridges and valleys. The urban gridand follows the steepest valleys and its perpendicular distribution, taking into direction.the facilities in the account contiguous areas, beyond the MOBILITY ‘Embajadores’ offers great public transportation administrative boundaries service and limited private of “Embajadores”,might be vehicle access. Its public transportation of great interest.network includes three metro lines, several bus lines along peripheral streets, and one minibus route through the narrow streets of the Urban structure. Technical approach neighborhood. Embajadores is surrounded by main arterials lines while the streets within are 0m 25m 50m 100m 150m 200m 250m Scale 1:6.000 mostly narrow and pedestrian oriented.
The big
middle com over th
income The n As a re despite ethnic homog newcom popula A stron movem pattern the city
Green sun protection
Overradiated areas during the summer to protect with deciduous vegetation
Green
promenade
One o presenc since t attracti
com
REGRESSION
ZONAL ANALYSIS
VARIABLES
METHODOLOGY
HYPOTHESIS
GIS for territorial research (1) WORKFLOW
//land cover change 2000-2012//CORINE
//tree cover distribution 2012
//population growth 2000-2012
//tree cover gain 2000-2012
//land cover 2000-2012//natural-agro-urban
//municipalities
//population growth 2000-2012//proportion
//tree cover loss 2000-2012
//land cover 2000-2012//built up increase
//tree cover on municipality
//built-up increase 2000-2012
//tree cover balance 2000-2012
//feature to centroid
//built-up increase 2000-2012// compact
//natural to urban 2000-2012
//land cover 2000-2012//changes
//Kernel Interpolation//
//built-up increase 2000-2012// disperse
//natural land - regeneration 2000-2012
//land cover 2000-2012//change histogram
//Functional Urban Areas//ESPON database
//infrastructure increase 2000-2012
//natural land - degradation 2000-2012
On-going thesis on Urban Studies at ETSAM Urban Sprawl: A multi-scalar and multi-variable analytic approach Developement of a cross-database methodology to analyze spatial, socioeconomical and environmental patterns of the urban sprawl process within the spanish territory during the housing boom.
//land cover 2000-2012//natural land
Hypothesis are directly imported into a database that generates regression analysis for a series of numeric indicators.
//FUA-built up area 2012
//FUA-forest balance proportion 2000-2012
//Functional Urban Area - Madrid//ESPON database
//FUA-Madrid//tree cover 2000-2012//gain
//FUA-built-up increase 2000-2012
//FUA-change proportion 2000-2012
//FUA-Madrid//density
//FUA-Madrid//tree cover 2000-2012//loss
//FUA-tree cover 2000
//FUA-forest to urban 2000-2012
//FUA-Madrid//density increase
//FUA-Madrid//tree cover 2000-2012//balance
//FUA-forest gain 2000-2012
//FUA-natural to urban 2000-2012
//FUA-Madrid//built-up increase
//FUA-Madrid//tree cover 2000-2012//regeneration
//FUA-forest loss 2000-2012
//FUA-natural to infrastructure 2000-2012
//FUA-Madrid//built-up increase//compact
//FUA-Madrid//tree cover 2000-2012//degradation
//FUA-forest balance 2000-2012
//FUA-natural to dump-quarry 2000-2012
//FUA-Madrid//built-up increase//disperse
//FUA-Madrid//natural to urban 2000-2012//
PONDERACIÓN GRUPO DE CRITERIOS
CRITERIO
ESPACIOS DE LA RED NATURA 2000
NP 2
NR 2
NF 2
AR 2
AS 2
AG 2
UD 2
UC 2
HÁBITAT
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
//evaluation matrix // compatibility
FACTORES PAISAJÍSTICOS Y BIODIVERSIDAD INVENTARIO NACIONAL DE PAISAJES
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
1.5 1.6
PAISAJES ESCÉNICOS LOCALES
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
1
2.1
MASAS DE AGUA SUPERFICIAL
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1.4
2.2
1
CONTINUIDAD PAISAJE DE RIBERA PAISAJE DEL CERRATO PALENTINO PAISAJE DE CAMPIÑA CASTELLANA LA CIUDAD CASTELLANA EL CANAL DE CASTILLA RIOS, CAUCES, EMBALSES, HUMEDALES
FACTORES HIDROLÓGICOS MASAS DE AGUA SUBTERRÁNEA
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
ACUÍFEROS
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
PRESENCIA DE ARCILLAS EXPANSIVAS
2
EROSIÓN POTENCIAL
2.3 3.1 GEOTECNIA 3.2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5 CLINOMETRÍA
3.4
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5 ORIENTACION
4.1
1
1
1
2
2
2
0,5
0,5
0,5 EDAFOLOGÍA
1
1
1
2
2
2
0,5
0,5
0,5 COBERTURA AGROPECUARIA
FACTORES GEOMORFOLÓGICOS 3.3 OROGRAFÍA
FACTORES BIOGEOGRÁFICOS
COBERTURA DEL SUELO
4.2
5.2 5.3
REDES DURAS REDES BLANDAS
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
PROXIMIDAD AL CENTRO URBANO
REDES 5.4 FACTORES ANTRÓPICOS 5.5 5.1
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
2 2
2 2
2 2
RED NACIONAL DE TRANSPORTE GRADO DE ANTROPIZACIÓN
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
2
2
2
PLANEAMIENTO
ZONAS 5.6
SUB
UI 2 ZEPAS/LICS/ENP
GIS for territorial research (2)
WORKFLOW Academic research project An automated approach to Ian McHarg’s Multivariable analysis of suitability Given the Suitability methodology proposed by McHarg a workflow was designed to easily implement all the territorial data available for the case study (in this case, the city of Palencia, Spain), reclassify it as specified by a matrix of evaluation, and feeding a database that can be queried at a parcel scale. This way, different scenarios can be tested out on a given territory for different land uses, and each parcel can easily be considered with a suitable spatial distribution.
ZONA DE PROTECCIÓN ZONA DE CONTINUIDAD UNIDAD PAISAJÍSTICA
CUENCA VISUAL AFECCIÓN INUNDACIONES (50 años) ZONAS DE RECARGA ZONAS DE ALTA POROSIDAD ZONAS DE BAJA POROSIDAD PELIGROSIDAD ALTA PELIGROSIDAD MEDIA NULA O MUY BAJA MODERADA O BAJA MEDIA O ALTA MUY ALTA 0% - 5% 5% - 15% >15% N S E-O ACRISOL HÚMICO CAMBISOL FLUVISOL KASTANOZEM LEPTOSOL LUVISOL REGOSOL SOLONETZ VERTISOL FORESTAL OLIVAR/FRUTAL DE CASCARA FRUTAL FRUTAL-VIÑEDO PASTO ARBOLADO PASTO ARBUSTIVO PASTIZAL TIERRA ARABLE HUERTO INVERNADERO ZONA IMPRODUCTIVA AFECCIÓN AFECCIÓN 5 MIN 10 MIN + 10 MIN PROXIMIDAD AUTOVIA PROXIMIDAD DE LA RED URBANA URBANIZABLE SECTORIZADO URBANIZABLE NO SECTORIZADO NO URBANIZABLE
USO NATURAL PROTEGIDO 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 -1 0 1
USOS NATURALES USO NATURAL RECREATIVO 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
USO NATURAL FORESTAL 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 -1 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 -1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 -1 0 1 1 0 N N 1
//weighted overlay// identify maximum values
CONJUNTOS DE CRITERIOS
1.1 1.2
cadastre//parcel database//suitability proportion and spatial distribution on site
REF
USO AGROPECUARIO REGADÍO 0 -1 0 1 0 0 0 1 N 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 -1 N 1 0 N 0 1 0 -1 1 1 0 -1 1 0 -1 1 -1 -1 1 0 -1 0 0 1 1 1 0 -1 0 0 1 0 0 0 N N 1
IDONEIDAD DE USOS USOS AGROPECUARIOS USO AGROPECUARIO SECANO 0 0 0 -1 1 1 1 -1 N -1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 -1 N 1 0 N 0 1 0 -1 1 1 0 -1 1 0 0 -1 -1 1 -1 0 0 0 0 1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 N N 1
USO AGROPECUARIO GANADERO 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 -1 -1 1 0 0 N N 1
AGRUPACIÓN URBANA DISPERSA 0 0 1 1 1 0 -1 -1 -1 0 -1 0 1 -1 0 1 1 0 -1 1 1 0 -1 1 0 0 1 -1 0 1 0 1 1 -1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 -1
USOS ANTRÓPICOS AGRUPACIÓN URBANA COMPACTA N -1 0 -1 0 1 1 0 N -1 -1 0 1 -1 -1 1 0 -1 N 1 0 N -1 1 0 0 1 -1 0 1 0 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 0 1 0 -1 0 1 1 0 -1
USOS INDUSTRIALES Y EXTRACTIVOS N -1 -1 -1 0 -1 -1 -1 N N N N 1 N -1 1 0 -1 N 1 1 N 0 0 0 0 1 -1 0 1 0 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 -1 0 1 1 1 1 1 -1
//natural protected/sum
//natural protected/max
//natural protected/parcel
//natural protected/ID
//natural recreation/sum
//natural recreation/max
//natural recreation/parcel //natural recreation/units
//natural profit/sum
//natural profit/max
//natural profit/parcel
//natural profit/units
//irrigated/sum
//irrigated/max
//irrigated/parcel
//irrigated/units
//non-irrigated/sum
//non-irrigated/max
//non-irrigated/parcel
//non-irrigated/units
//livestock/sum
//livestock/max
//livestock/parcel
//livestock/units
//urban compact/sum
//urban compact/max
//urban compact/parcel
//urban compact/units
//urban disperse/sum
//urban disperse/max
//urban disperse/parcel
//urban disperse/units
//urban industrial/sum
//urban industrial/max
//urban industrial/parcel
//urban industrial/units
THANKS!