Romantek Exhibition

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Interactive Exhibition based on archaeological discoveries launched 2009 in collaboration with the Municipality of Rome, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Culture and University “Sapienza” of Rome.

Exploring

Featuring • • • •

Interactive Machines Recreated Scaled Artefacts Virtual Reality Animations Recreated Frescoes and Mosaics

• • • • • •

Military Genius Communicat ions All Roads Lead to Rom e Building Rome Ente rtainment Gladiators

Become a “FREE CITIZEN OF ROME” Audio Tour

NICCOLAI -TEKNOART SNC (FIRENZE) ARTISANS OF FLORENCE PTY LTD www.romantek.com.au

The journey back in time, to re-live history, and to discover the ancient machines that gave us the first global civilization

“THE LIFE, CULTURE AND GENIUS THAT WAS ANCIENT ROME”

Presented by

NICCOLAI - TEKNOART SNC (FIRENZE) ARTISANS OF FLORENCE PTY LTD ©2009 NICCOLAI SNC

“Rome wasn’t built in a day” Author unknown

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MESSAGE FROM MANAGING DIRECTOR It’s been almost six years since we first started developing the concept for an exhibition that through new archaeological discoveries and re-interpretation of existing evidence has allowed us to shed new light and reflect on the enormous achievements emanating from the Ancient Roman civilization.

Every item in this Exhibition is based on factual evidence, real life accounts, genuine artefacts, historical scientific discoveries and data collected and published for the first time as a whole, in one impressive academic tome: MACHINA – TECNOLOGIA DELL’ANTICA ROMA, 2009 Palombi Editrice. The content of this book was partly presented to the public in Rome, Italy, early this year (2010). Since we were contributors and the creators of the machines presented in this one-off display, we set about producing the ultimate English version “travelling exhibition”.

Our narrative covers a monumental era in history from the triumphant victory of Gaius Julius Caesar over the Gauls (Celtic people from the ancient country of Gaul, today’s modern France, Switzerland and Northern Italy) at the siege of Alesia in 52 BC, sparking the transformation of Rome from a Republic to the mighty Roman Empire.

Besides the military ingenuity that we cover in detail, the Roman Imperial period was an era of massive construction and large scale technical innovation that brought unprecedented well being to the far corners of the Empire.

Material inventions such as the book, windows, cement, ship building and improvements to large machineries (cranes for lifting, energy wheels for multiple kinds of milling etc.), continued to provide benefit well past the fatal date of 476AD, the official day the Roman Western Empire ceased to exist.

Most certainly, with its demise, we witness the end of the largest globally integrated economy the world had ever seen and will only experience again, with the time of the industrial revolution of the 19th century.

From left: Julius, Augustus, Cicero, Adrian and Nero

In our story of the Roman Empire, there are foundational figures that stand out. Their legacies linger on today in the fields of Architecture, Engineering, Military Leadership, Scholarship, Probity and inspirational Vision. In learning more about them, I hope we have been able to pass on their truly inspiring nature: Gaius Julius - the first Caesar (and its derivatives - Czar, Kaiser, Jesus?), Vitruvius - Military Engineer and Architect, Cicero - the significant Senatorial Leader and Mentor to many other greats such as Asinius Pollio - founder of the first Roman Public Library/University and Octavian Augustus - the first of many Emperors (82 in fact - some good, some bad) who introduced advancement and enlightenment to the whole Roman World…

In what has been an amazing journey for us over the years of developing this Exhibition is the discovery that so much of Ancient Rome’s technology and ingenuity is still connected to us, is present now, in our own age.

“Roman Empire: Technologies 52BC–476AD Exhibition” brings to life one of the most historically significant times in the history of humankind. We hope your experience to the Exhibition is as rewarding and powerful as it has been for us in creating it for you.

But above all, what pleases me most is that we have been able to do all this without compromising our primary objective – to make the exhibition truly interactive.

Luigi Rizzo Managing Director Niccolai-Teknoart SNC (Firenze) Artisans of Florence Pty Ltd

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We acknowledge the Italian Government, Lazio Region and Roma Municipal Institutions for their support with the original exhibition in Rome in 2010. We are extremely grateful for the opportunity provided and the experience gained in working with the “Romans”.

Such experience has proved invaluable in discovering ways to overcome challenges and to develop independently, the final product.

Museum of Roman Civilization Museo Della Civilta Roma, Italy

“MACHINA – TECHNOLOGY IN THE ANCIENT ROME” From 3 December 2009 to 5 April 2010 the academic Exhibition titled, “MACHINA – TECHNOLOGY IN THE ANCIENT ROME” was launched at the Museo Della Civilta’ Romana (Museum of Roman Civilization), Rome (Italy).

The 22 interactive machines which featured in the Exhibition created by the renowned Artisans of Florence Company NICCOLAI TEKNOART SRL; have now been incorporated into this entirely new, interactive Exhibition: “ROMAN EMPIRE: TECHNOLOGIES 52BC – 476AD”

Additional interactive machines have been created, virtual reality displays, animations, new themes and special effects have been added to ensure visitors enjoyment and the ultimate ‘Roman Empire Experience’.

CREATORS OF THE ORIGINAL EXHIBITION Assicuazione Piazza Duomo – Spoleto Valore Cultura di R. Correnti Niccolai – Teknoart SRL IN COLLABORATION WITH Comune di Roma Sovrintendenza Beni Culturali del Commune di Roma Ambasciate e Instituti di Cultura all’Estero ORGANISING COMMITTEE Rita Correnti Gabriele Niccolai Luigi Rizzo SCIENTIFIC PARTNERS Universita degli studi di Roma “La Sapienza” Societa Geografica Italiana Associazione Nazionale Ingegneri Minerari COMITATO TECNICO – ORGANIZZATIVO Giuseppina Pisani Sartoria – Archeologa Marco Gali – Archeologo Roberto Radicchia – Ingegnere Civile Edile Raffaele Percivalli – Ingegnere Civile Edile UNDER THE AUSPICES OF Ministero degli Esteri Ministero dei Beni Culturali Comune di Roma SUPPORTED BY Ministero dell’Universita e della Ricerca Scientifica AWARDS The Exhibition MACHINA – TECNOLOGIA DELL’ANTICA ROMA has been awarded the Gold Medal of the President of the Italian Republic.

Machina TECNOLOGIA DELL’ANTICA ROMA (Machina TECHNOLOGY IN THE ANCIENT ROMAN)

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LIST OF CONTENTS MESSAGE FROM MANAGING DIRECTOR

Page 2

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Page 3

LIST OF CONTENTS

Page 4

ABOUT THE MACHINES

Page 6

INTRODUCTION

Page 7

HISTORY

Page 8

SECTION 1: THE EXHIBITION

Odometro navale

THEME I Military Genius

Page 9

THEME II All Roads Lead to Rome

Page 10

THEME III Building Rome

Page 11

THEME IV Gladiators, Pastimes, Art

Page 12

EXHIBITION STORYLINE

Page 13

EDUCATION PROGRAM

Page 15

EXHIBITION OVERVIEW

Page 16

PRODUCTION – THE TEAM

Page 17

FURTHER INFORMATION

Page 18

SECTION 2:

Odometro a carro

EXHIBITION CONTENT LIST

Page 19

LOGISTICS AND BOOKING INFORMATION

Page 20

MINI CATALOGUE OF WORKS

Page 22

CONTENT AND INSURANCE VALUES

Page 35

OTHER EXHIBITIONS

Page 37

SPONSORSHIP

Page 38

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Above: Reconstructed section of Roman ship with crow bridge

Above: The Calcatorian crane, the largest and most powerful weight lifting machine of antiquity Below: The Noria, for lifting water or transferring rotating energy derived from the flow of water

Above: Sea odometer for measuring distance by sea Below: Detail of the water clock

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ABOUT THE MACHINES Research and Reproduction of Ancient Machines and Ancient Technologies The strong passion for history and engineering together with the techniques developed in our laboratory, has led me to create models of machines and tools designed by people like Marcus Vitruvius Pollio and Leonardo da Vinci.

The interpretation of these models is possible through careful studies of De Architectura by Vitruvius (Roman architect and engineer of the first century BC - a contemporary of Caesar and Cicero) where there are passages devoted to the construction of city walls (Book I), aqueducts (Book VIII), the usefulness of science (Book IX) and finally, the discussion of machinatio or construction of machines for civilian or military use (Book X). Vitruvius, in turn, with the “Codices”, inspired Leonardo da Vinci and other notable engineers of the Renaissance.

My venture started in the early 1990’s when I produced scale prototypes of machines for research and in preparation for the reconstruction of larger models. To date these number approximately five hundred machines, all meticulously reproduced with materials of the era being wood, iron, cloth, ropes and bronze. The wood most commonly used mainly in construction and carpentry in Roman times and Middle Ages was white fir - sixty percent and beech for those parts subject to wear and tear. These reconstructed larger models are modular and easily transportable.

In Roman times the problem of protecting wood from weather was resolved by spreading vegetable pitch – tar, (obtained from red pine resin) and was essential for waterproofing the hulls of ships, amphorae and other more commonly used objects. The pitch however, had a problem of high adhesiveness and for this it was diluted with vegetable oil. In our endeavours to replicate the ancient techniques, we discovered that the application of vegetable pitch (produced by burning selected pine in a precise methodology) produced a characteristic reddish brown colour in the wood, different from the natural light colour of just cut wood. Our reproduced models have this characteristic colour derived from the precise application of this natural protective tar.

The bonding process was undertaken by using glues called glutina - extracted from gluten-based animal tissue or cheese. Pliny the Elder wrote that liquid pitch was commonly extracted from the fir tree.

The advancement in computer and software technology in recent years has enabled us to enhance and elaborate on our original drawings, reproducing them to scale and thus creating working machines, which compared to models of some fifty years ago, reveal the previous limitations.

Our ‘objective’ has been to create interactivity between the visitor and the machines that have marked the history of the machines evolution whilst highlighting the mechanical principals that govern their operation.

This ‘up close and personal’ interaction provides enjoyment and education for adults and children alike, and allows insight to concepts and practical applications under research and which even suggest parallels with today’s modern technological world.

Gabriele Niccolai Director of Projects Head of Research & Development Niccolai-Teknoart SNC (Firenze) Artisans of Florence Pty Ltd

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INTRODUCTION If we could travel back in time and visit Ancient Rome, we would be very surprised to see how many aspects of our society resemble those of 2,000 years ago.

We would learn that we have inherited from this great Empire, many of the objects, concepts, technologies and machines that are part of our contemporary life.

It has been said that the Romans copied, or at least were greatly influenced by Alexandrine Science (that Greek-Hellenistic revolution sparked by Alexander the Great, circa 300-100BC).

However it is thanks to the socio-economic conditions created during the Roman Empire and the Romans’ shrewd and selective adaptations of that knowledge that have allowed the spread and preservation of many “ancient technologies” to us.

This Exhibition was born from the desire to recreate this fascinating period of history, as realistically as possible, to explore and experience the gadgets and clever technologies of the Roman Empire.

The Exhibition comprises four thematic sections: • • • •

MILITARY GENIUS ALL ROADS LEAD TO ROME BUILDING ROME GLADIATORS, ENTERTAINMENT, ART

Visitors become “Free Citizens” of Ancient Rome, gaining a close up view of some of the machines that were in daily use and, in most cases, will be able to actually operate them.

“Lupa Capitolina” She-wolf bronze statue – Symbol of Ancient Rome

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“The laws of mechanics are founded on those of nature, and are illustrated by studying the master-movements of the universe itself.

For if we consider the sun, the moon and the five planets, we shall perceive, that if they were not duly poised in their orbits, we should neither have light on the earth, nor heat to mature its fruits. Our ancestors reasoned so on these notions, that they adopted nature as their model; and, led to an imitation of the divine institutions, invented machines necessary for the purposes of life. That these might be suitable to their different purposes, some were constructed with wheels, and were called machines; others were denominated organs. Those which were found most useful were gradually improved, by repeated experiments, by art, and by the laws which they instituted”.

Marcus Vitruvius Pollio De Architecture Book X 1-4

“De Bello Gallico” by Gaius Julius Caesar

HISTORY The Exhibition sets the scene with display panels, videos, 3D virtual reality reconstructions and iconic objects from important historical events and myths and legends of Ancient Rome.

Guided through each section the visitor is able to identify the historical moment illustrated with the help of time-lines.

Among the artefact replicas on display is a collection of rare copies of famous “volumen” and “codices” (scrolls and books) including: • • • •

De Architectura by Marcus Vitruvius Pollio De Bello Gallico by Gaius Julius Caesar Letters by Marcus Tullius Cicero And the first known travel guide, The Tabula Pintugeriana

Tabula Pintugeriana – “the first travel guide”

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THE EXHIBITION – THEME I Military Genius Our story begins in 52BC with the drama of one of the greatest battles of all times – Julius Caesar’s Siege of Alesia - exploring the main reasons for which the Roman army became known as “unbeatable” • Discipline • Tactics • Communication (secret codes and logistics) and above all...

•

The War Machines

These include mechanical devices such as –

• • • • • •

The Catapult The Battering-Ram The Mobile Tower The Pile Driver The Drawbridge The “Testudo”, the precursor of the modern tank

Top right: Caesar and Vercingetorix Mid right: The onager Lower right: Assault tower Left: Testudo formation

The machines are interactive, reconstructed to scale by the Niccolai Teknoart Artisans, using only materials available in Roman times.

We follow the exploits of Gaius Julius Caesar, reformer (inventor), military and political leader, and who played a crucial role in the transition from a are won withtothe and shovel" republican system“Battles of government anPick imperial one. (that is with construction efforts, reported by Fontinus in Stratagenata 4,7,2)

Through the conquest of Gaul, Caesar expanded the Roman “res publica” from EgyptGnaeus to theDomitius Atlantic Corbulo (Roman General under Emperor Ocean and led the Roman armies to the first Nero) invasions in written history of Britain and Germany.

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THE EXHIBITION – THEME II All roads lead to Rome • • •

Measurements Transportation Communications

This section is dedicated to the Roman Civil Genius and shows how the Romans mastered technology to control their environment and govern their citizens.

The Exhibition looks at machines used for: • • • •

Transportation - both on land and at sea Machines to measure distances (the odometer) Machines to measure time (the water clock) How to build roads (that we still use today).

The Romans understood physics and excelled at controlling natural resources (the aqueduct), and used the abacus to manage their finances.

In order to communicate with and better administrate (control) their multi-ethnic populations in such a vast Empire, they adopted a sophisticated strategy of propaganda images, we now refer to as Public Relations or even “Spin”.

Top right: Roman roads today Mid right: The water clock Lower right: Bust of Caesar “Spin” Lower left: Abacus Top left: The odometer

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THE EXHIBITION – THEME III Building Rome The Roman Empire was in a state of constant expansion. Engaging in large scale construction projects, from roads and bridges to baths houses and majestic monuments such as the Roman Arch that were symbolic of the Empire’s greatness.

This section of the Exhibition contains the devices that contributed to this phase of massive construction and industrialization, which may be considered the prelude to the industrial revolution.

On display visitors will discover: • • •

• • • •

The Pulley Chorobates (construction tools) The Calcatorian Crane (the most powerful crane in antiquity, powered by slaves or animals) Hydraulic Mills Turning Platform (precursor of the ball-bearing) Large Water Lifting Machines Aqueducts.

What made these feats of construction engineering so remarkable and durable was the Roman sophisticated use of construction materials.

Inventions like cement, glass windows and largescale production of an incredible variety of brick and marble products.

Top right: Roman Arch Mid right: The calcatorian Right: The noria Lower left: Roman bricks

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THE EXHIBITION – THEME IV Gladiators Entertainment Art The Romans also used their knowledge and skills in architecture and engineering for entertainment and relaxation.

They built amphitheatres (the Oval Arena is their invention) to host gladiatorial games, their favourite sporting event.

The Colosseum is one of the world’s most famous monuments. This stadium, technologically advanced even by today’s standards, was fitted with features such as the velarium, the vomitoria, lifts, turning platforms and turn-stiles. The skilful Teknoart artisans have meticulously reconstructed these features to scale, and have even recreated the gladiators in their dramatic final act.

Other forms of entertainment and lifestyle are examined (gambling with dice, playing with dolls and fast foods). In fact Roman citizens enjoyed a busy calendar of religious rites and social events aided by gadgets such as pocket sun-dials and personal “notebooks”.

As a final experience visitors are invited to learn about the art of Roman Times by taking part in painting frescoes and constructing mosaics.

Top right: Mosaic artwork Mid right: Roman clothes, Roman doll Lower right: Fresco painting Mid left: Gladiators fighting Top left: Colosseum (to scale)

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EXHIBITION STORYLINE Become a “FREE CITIZEN OF ROME” Audio Tour

Visitors to the Exhibition are invited to become “Free Citizens of Rome” by partaking in the optional Audio Tour which allows them to experience first-hand, life and times in Ancient Rome.

Introduction: In this section visitors begin their journey back in time with an introduction to the “beginning of the end of Republic Rome” and the birth of The Roman Empire – historical and mythical.

• • • • • • • •

“Lupa” the she-wolf, symbol of Ancient Rome “The Roman Language” rare copies of antique codices and scrolls “Roman Language Illustrated” vinyl wall text outlining common phrases and terminology “Time Line” the birth of Rome to the end of the Republic of Rome, legends and facts...

“Time Line” the birth of The Roman Empire, Gaius Julius Caesar, the beginning and the fall...

“Tombs and Decorations” honouring the dead with illustrations “Monuments and Columns” decorated with text and images depicting achievements “Mosaics, Frescoes and Decorations” Roman Art, illustrating everyday life.

Theme I – Military Genius In this section visitors will experience the Roman Military Machine at work in one of the greatest sieges in the era BC and the emergence of a strong man who would sanction the end of the Republic and the birth of The Roman Empire. This man, Gaius Julius Caesar – military leader, reformer, writer and dictator was one of the most powerful and controversial figures of all time. We also learn the main reasons why the Roman army became known as ‘unbeatable’ – the discipline, the tactics, communications (secret codes and logistics) and above all – the war machines.

• • • • • • • • • • • •

“52BC Battle of Alesia” battle and defence strategies with video “The Legion” Centurions and The Roman Legion in virtual reality “Testudo Formation” discipline, the army’s greatest weapon, in virtual reality “Roman Standards” the Eagle “Castrum” the Roman Camp in virtual reality “Ballista” the catapult, an interactive machine “Onager” the inventive ‘easy to dissemble and redeploy’ ballista (catapult), interactive “The Ram” as described by Vitruvius, construction and use of the battering rams, interactive “Testudo with Ram” as described by Vitruvius, the construction and use of, interactive “The Assault Tower” as described by Vitruvius with anecdotes Caesar, interactive “The Pole Driver” as described by Caesar for bridging the Rhine River, interactive “Bridge on the Rhine” built in record time, interactive.

Theme II – All Roads Lead to Rome In this section visitors discover inventive machines for measuring, for transportation and communications and the powerful propaganda tactics employed - “spin?”

• • • • • • •

“Odometer” measurements for road markings, land registrations and taxation, interactive “Water Clock” the Roman improvement on inaccurate sun dials and clepsydras, interactive “Abacus” the Roman ‘calculator’, instructions, interactive “Archimedean Screw” historically employed for transferring low lying water, interactive “Groma” designed to survey land, straight lines and right angles, interactive “Roman Roads” see how Romans built roads to last 1000’s of years “Roman Cart” for military and commercial transportation

•

“Tabula Pintugeriana” the Roman road map ‘first travel guide’

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EXHIBITION STORYLINE • •

“Busts of Caesar and Cicero” plus “Coins and Images”, the Senate, the propaganda machine “Sea Odometer” the paddle wheel for ships to measure distance by sea, interactive

• •

“Sea Travel” world’s first large-scale international sea transportation, interactive “Marine Carpentry” the Romans were great shipbuilders, methods explained.

Theme III – Building Rome This section of the Exhibition contains the devices that contributed to this phase of massive construction and industrialization, which may be considered the prelude to the industrial revolution.

• • • • • • • • • • • •

“Pulleys and Hooks” always seeking mechanical devices for the greatest mechanical advantage, interactive “Spirit Level” the Chorobates, an important tool, still used today, with little change, interactive “Calcatorian Crane” the largest and most powerful lifting machine of antiquity, interactive “Vitruvian Crane” another lifting machine well described by Vitruvius, interactive “Building Techniques” inventions that include cement, brick making and glass windows “The Roman Arch” interactive model allows visitors to build their own arch “Aqueduct” interactive model allows visitors to build their own aqueduct “Potter’s Wheel” interactive machine enabling efficient production “The Noria” water lifting machine designed to lift water from the river to the aqueduct, interactive “Vitruvian Tympanum” another water lifting device well described by Vitruvius, interactive “Vitruvian Mill” a driving wheel operated by water, revolutionising the use of slaves or animals, interactive “Roman Ball Bearing” friction reducing devices discovered in archaeological findings, interactive.

Theme IV – Entertainment and Lifestyle For wealthy Romans life was good. They enjoyed an extravagant lifestyle with luxurious furnishings, surrounded by slaves and servants. Poorer Roman, however, could only dream of such lifestyle but could still relax and be entertained by popular sporting activities such as Gladiators fighting for their lives or chariot racing.

• • • • • • • • • • • • •

“The Coliseum” Colosseum built 80 AD, scaled accurate model on display “The Velarium” a removable cover of the Colosseum to provide shade, interactive “Lifts and Turn Stiles” the stadium technically advanced was fitted with features such as lifts, platforms and turn stiles “Gladiators Fighting” meticulously recreated, life size gladiators in their dramatic final act “Gladiators Weapons” displayed in glass showcases “Clothes” view the cloths and clothes worn by a senator and noble woman “The Art of Frescoes” display and video together with LIVE work-in-progress by Fresco Maestro Antonio De Vito “Mosaic” by Maestro Antonio De Vito “Mosaic” interactive, visitors are allowed to create their own mosaic “Time Keeping” personal sun dial in glass showcase, an interactive meridian with lamp and instructions for use “Education” Tabula Rasa in glass showcase “Dolls and Dice” on display in glass showcase “Fast Food” display table with fast food delicacies and recipes and video of Roman life

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EDUCATION PROGRAM This new international, interactive Roman Empire Technologies Exhibition 52BC–476AD provides Schools and Teachers with the opportunity to bring Ancient Rome’s lifestyles, culture and history into the classroom.

A fascinating display of over 100 exhibits, including interactive machines, models and activities, virtual reality animations, video, scaled reconstructions, demonstrations and historical timelines provides a variety of subjects for teachers to integrate into classroom programs.

Subjects as varied as archaeology, art, ancient cultures, historical events, science, politics and the enormous achievements in technology that occurred during an incredible period from ancient history.

TEACHER RESOURCES Education Resources which include ideas and formats for integrating the Exhibition themes and content into classroom programs are under development. These will be available as a valuable teaching tool for all schools bookings excursions.

Suitable for all school levels through to University, offering the potential for students to achieve a number of Outcomes in their own state’s Curriculum and Assessment Framework Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Studies.

Primary Levels: Art (Exploring and responding), History (Historical knowledge and understandings, Historical reasoning and interpretation), Design, Creativity and Technology (Analysing and evaluating), LOTE (Intercultural knowledge and language awareness), Science (Science knowledge and understanding, Science at work) Thinking Processes (Inquiry, Reflection, Evaluation).

Secondary Levels: Art (Exploring and responding), History (Historical knowledge and understandings, Historical reasoning and interpretation), Design, Creativity and Technology (Analysing and evaluating), LOTE (Intercultural knowledge and language awareness), Science (Science knowledge and understanding, Science at work) Thinking Processes (Inquiry, Reflection, Evaluation), Visual Communication and Design (Exploring and responding).

Various Studies: Art (Unit 1: Art and meaning, Unit 2: Art and culture, Unit 3: Interpreting art, Unit 4: Discussing and debating art), Design and Technology, Roman History, Physics, Systems Engineering, Studio Arts (Unit 1: Interpretation of art ideas and use of materials and techniques, Unit 2: Ideas and styles in artworks, Unit 3: Professional art practices and styles, Unit 4: Art industry contexts), Visual Communication and Design (Unit 2: Communication in context).

ROMAN EMPIRE TECHNOLOGIES 52BC-476AD EXHIBITION Website for updates and contact details www.romantek.com.au

Tertiary studies: Archaeology, Art, Art-History, Cultural Studies, Design, Engineering, Graphic Design, History, Science, Medicine, Psychology, Physics, Sociology, Technology, Woodcraft.

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EXHIBITION OVERVIEW AIM To take advantage of new archaeological findings and new scholarly dissertations on “ancient technologies” over the past 20 years.

ROMAN EMPIRE: TECHNOLOGIES 52BC-476AD was born from the desire to recreate this fascinating period of history, as realistically as possible, to explore and experience the “machines” and clever technologies of the Roman Empire that have been rediscovered and better understood thanks to new interest and re-interpretation by scholars over the past 20 years.

THEMES The Exhibition begins with historical introduction featuring timelines and primary sources of information and then presented in four themes: THEME I THEME II THEME III THEME IV

Military Genius All Roads Lead to Rome Building Rome Gladiators, Entertainment, Art

KEY FEATURES – over 100 Exhibits 40

INTERACTIVE MACHINES

23

ARTEFACTS

36

VIRTUAL ANIMATIONS

18

GIANT PANELS

55 3

STANDS SHOWCASE

Built to scale with the materials of the time By: NICCOLAI – TEKNOART SRL Recreated to identical specifications from the Roman originals To demonstrate how Roman Machines, Technologies and Society worked (inc. 5 film clips) Presenting Time-Lines, Paintings and Maps to inform and create atmosphere Informative labels for each exhibit Glass display cabinets

VISITORS HIGHLIGHTS • • • •

Take the Audio Tour and become a “Free Citizen of Ancient Rome” Experience their mighty machines up close and personal Play with Catapults, Assault Towers and Gladiators Make your own Mosaics

VISITORS OUTCOMES & SUITABILITY The exhibition is experiential, historical, technical, artistic and educational and designed to: • • • •

Stimulate interest in scientific achievements and in particular, Ancient Technologies Provide visitors with the experience of travelling back in time, around 2000 years To feel and touch and in most cases operate the “mighty machines” of Ancient Rome Gain the knowledgeable of technologies that made The Roman Empire so successful.

The exhibition is suitable for the general public, people of all ages, from early primary school, university students to senior citizens.

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THE TEAM In 1995 the Niccolai firm of father and sons, in co-operation with noted academics and working in close collaboration with Professor Carlo Pedretti*, enriched the study of Leonardo Da Vinci’s mechanics by creating a series of interactive models using materials from the time such as wood, cotton, brass, iron and cord and presented each exhibit with a replica code page of the recently re-discovered Codex Madrid, from which its design was taken.

In 2001 the Italian Government recognised the high quality and skill achieved by the Niccolai family be conferring upon them the special award “Italia che Lavora” (Italy at Work).

Luigi Rizzo and Gabriele Niccolai

Over the past fifteen years Leonardo da Vinci Machines Exhibitions have been organised in Florence, Siena, Venice, Naples, Palermo, Warsaw, Madrid, Hong Kong, Dubai, Melbourne, Sydney, Perth, Adelaide, Brisbane, Wellington, Auckland, Taipei, Vienna, Berlin, Helsinki, Chicago, Seattle, Sacramento, Huston, Detroit, Seoul and Hong Kong. All have been endorsed by scholars and have received official patronage by the hosting municipal councils and have featured in TV and documentaries and even in Hollywood movies: • • • • •

Teknoart SRL workshop, Florence, Italy

Da Vinci: Unlocking the Genius, Discovery HD Channel (Canada) Da Vinci, Documentary by Japanese Channel NHK Bridge to Terabithia, Walt Disney Film The Bike Build, A Living History Documentary, Beca NZ Da Vinci “Anatomy To Robots”, ABC 7.30 Report

In 2005 the Niccolai-Teknoart Group expanded with new partners, Mirko Marina (Architect) for animations, Antonio De Vito (Artist), CreaFx (Special Effects), Sara Taglilagamba (Historian) and Luigi Rizzo (Physicist for Science/Education) and undertook new projects.

In 2009-2010 the new Exhibition Da Vinci Secrets “Anatomy to Robots” was staged in Melbourne, Sydney and Seoul making headlines for its 15th century ‘working robots’ – never seen before. The discoveries are the subject of a new book titled Leonardo da Vinci: Automations and Robotics, CB Editions.

Carlo Niccolai, Professor Carlo Pedretti, Gabriele Niccolai

*Carlo Pedretti Dr. Lt. 1928 Emeritus Professor Leonardo Studies UCLA (USA).

*Advisor to the Italian Government on matters Da Vinci.

In addition, adviser to Queen Elizabeth II, British Library, King of Sweden, Bill Gates and the Niccolai family on matters Da Vinci. Author of over 40 books, recipient of Italian Government Gold Medal for Services to Culture and a Congressional Citation by USA Government, both awarded 1972.

In 2009-2010 the new Exhibition Machina – Technologia Dell’Antica Roma staged at the Museo Della Civilta’ Romana, Rome, was awarded the ‘Gold Medal’ of the President of the Italian Republic. It has also featured in TV documentaries in Italy and international magazines such as Focus, Newton, National Geographic and Scientific American.

In 2011 a new Exhibition is to be launched: ROMAN EMPIRE: TECHNOLOGIES 52BC – 476AD “The Genius of Roman Civilisation – An Interactive Exhibition”

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FURTHER INFORMATION Luigi Rizzo Managing Director Niccolai - Teknoart SNC (Firenze) Artisans of Florence Pty Ltd Sales & Marketing Manager - Asia Pacific region E info@romantek.com.au W romantek.com.au Postal: INT Press Pty. Ltd. (ABN 93 072365130) Suite 510A, 640 Swanston Street Carlton VIC 3053 Australia Tel +61 (0)3 9347 3489 Fax +61 (0)3 9347 3489 Mob: +61 (0)404 683 768 (Australia) Mob: +64 (0)2102 206 170 (New Zealand) Mob: +39 3331 304 864 (Italy) Mob: +1 801 3 182 142 (USA)

Below: The Sea odometer

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CONTENT ROMAN EMPIRE: TECHNOLOGIES 52BC-476AD THE GENIUS OF ROMAN CIVILIZATION – AN INTERACTIVE EXHIBITION INTRODUCTION – HISTORY RN

RN 54 RN 55

(MYTHS, FACTS AND SOURCES OF INFORMATION)

NICCOLAI MODELS (1) ARTEFACTS (5) SHE – WOLF BRONZE ORIGINS SHOWCASE CABINET “EMPIRE” DE BELLA GALLICO DE ARCHITECTURE CICERO’S LETTERS TABULA PINTUGENARIA

THEME I – MILITARY GENIUS RN

RV

NICCOLAI MODELS (9) ARTEFACTS (5)

ANIMATION VIRTUAL (1)

EPIC FILM

RG

GIANT PANELS (5) WALL TEXT (1)

RG O1

TIME-LINE 1

RG 02 RG 03 RG 04 RG 05 RG 000

TIME-LINE 2 SARCOPHAGUS TRAJAN COLUMN ART MOSAIC LANGUAGE (VINYL WALL TEXT)

HOW THE ROMANS CONQUERED AN EMPIRE (MILITARY TECHNOLOGIES) RV

ANIMATION VIRTUAL (10)

RG

GIANT PANELS (5) BATTLE OF ALESIA

OUTFIT LEGIONNAIRE OUTFIT CENTURION TESTUDO SOLDIERS ROMAN STANDARDS (3)

RV 01

FILM “BATTLE OF ALESIA” ROMAN LEGION

RG 06

RN 29 RN 49 RN 30 RN 31

RV 02 RV 03

TESTUDO SOLDIERS ROMAN CAMP

RG 07 RG 08

CAESAR - VERCING ROMAN CAMP

RN 34 RN 23 RN 27 RN 01 RN 11 RN 13 RN 20 RN 21

BALLISTA (CATAPULT) ONAGER (LGE, INTERACTIVE) “ “ “ RAM RAM WITH TESTUDO ASSAULT TOWER PILE DRIVER RHINE BRIDGE

RV 04 RV 05

BALLISTA (CATAPULT) ONAGER

RV 06 RV 07 RV 08 RV 09 RV 10

RAM RAM WITH TESTUDO ASSAULT TOWER PILE DRIVER RHINE BRIDGE

RG 09 RG 10

DEATH OF CAESAR AUGUSTUS, EMPEROR [HI RES IMAGES (22) OPTIONAL “TRAJAN COLUMN”]

THEME II – ALL ROADS LEAD TO ROME

HOW THE ROMANS CONTROLLED THE EMPIRE (MEASUREMENTS, TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATION, PROPAGANDA)

RN

NICCOLAI MODELS (10) ARTEFACTS (2)

RV

ANIMATION VIRTUAL (8)

RN 09 RN 14 RN 18 RN 15 RN 17 RN 26

TERRESTRIAL ODOMETER WATER CLOCK ABACUS ARCHIMEDEAN WATER SCREW GROMA – SURVEYOR’S TOOL ROMAN ROAD

RV 11 RV 12 RV 13 RV 14 RV 15

RN 28 RN 45 RN 53 RN 08 RN 22 RN 32 RN 35

ROMAN CART FOR TRANSPORT BUST CAESAR BUST CICERO NAVAL ODOMETER SHIP WITH CROW BRIDGE MARINE CARPENTRY [COINS – OPTIONAL]

RV 16

ROMAN CART

RV 17 RV 18

NAVAL ODOMETER SHIP WITH BRIDGE

RG

GIANT PANELS (5)

TERRESTRIAL ODOMETER WATER CLOCK ABACUS ARCHIMEDEAN SCREW GROMA RG 11 RG 12 RG 13 RG 14

ROMAN ROADS “ “ TABULA PINTUGEN THE SENATE

RG 15

MAP OF SEA ROUTE

19

THEME III – BUILDING ROME

HOW THE ROMANS BUILT THE EMPIRE (MIGHTY MACHINES, MASSIVE CONSTRUCTIONS AND LARGE SCALE INDUSTRIES)

RN

NICCOLAI MODELS (11) ARTEFACTS (2)

RV

RN 02 RN 03 RN 04

PULLEYS AND HOOKS CHOROBATES (SPIRIT LEVEL) CALCATORIAN CRANE & MATERIALS VITRUVIAN CRANE THE ROMAN ARCH AQUEDUCT POTTERS WHEEL & VASES NORIA HYDRAULIC ENERGY WHEEL VITRUVIAN WHEEL BASE VITRUVIAN MILL BALL BEARING

RV 19 RV 20 RV 21

PULLEYS CHOROBATES CALCATORIAN CRANE

RV 22

VITRUVIAN CRANE

RV 21 RV 22 RV 23

AQUEDUCT POTTERS WHEEL NORIA

RV 24 RV 25 RV 26

VITRUVIAN TYMPANUM VITRUVIAN MILL BALL BEARING

RN 05 RN 24 RN 25 RN 12 RN O7 RN 16 RN 06 RN 10

ANIMATION VIRTUAL (10)

RG

GIANT POSTER (2)

RG 16

AQUEDUCT

RG 17

ENERGY MAP

THEME IV – ENTERTAINMENT & LIFESTYLE HOW THE ROMANS ENJOYED THEMSELVES (GLADIATORS, PASTIMES, ART) RN

NICCOLAI MODELS (9) ARTEFACTS (9)

RN 39 RN 40 RN 41 RN 42 RN 43

COLOSSEUM VELARIA LIFT GLADIATORS (2) GLADIATORIAL WEAPONS (2) IN SHOWCASE CLOTHES SENATOR, WOMEN FRESCO MOSAIC INTERACTIVE MOSAIC MERIDIAN SMLL/LGE + LAMP TABULA RASA (EDUCATION) ROMAN DOLL, DICE (3) IN SHOWCASE FAST FOOD

RN 57 RV 48 RN 46 RN 47 RN 50 RN 51 RN 44 RN 52

RV

RV 27 RV 28 RV 29 RV 30

ANIMATION VIRTUAL (6)

GIANT POSTER (1)

COLOSSEUM VELARIA LIFT GLADIATORS IN BATTLE

“HOW TO DO FRESCO” FILM

RV 31

RG

RG 18

POMPEII FRESCO

MERIDIANS

“ROMAN LIFE” FILM

TOTALS RN

NICCOLAI MODELS (40) ARTEFACTS (23)

RV

ANIMATION VIRTUAL (31)

RG

GIANT PANELS/POSTERS (18)

LOGISTICS AND BOOKING INFORMATION • • • • • • •

Exhibition available to tour from late 2011 Minimum booking period three months Exhibition floor space required: 600 - 1000sqm Setting up time seven (7) days – dismantling time five (5) days including two (2) Teknoart Artisans with Museum assistance Two (2) x 40’ shipping containers required to transport the complete Exhibition Inward and outward freight and transport inclusive in rental Rental price available on request

20

21

MINI CATALOGUE ROMAN EMPIRE: TECHNOLOGIES 52BC-476AD

22

23

MINI CATALOGUE ROMAN EMPIRE: TECHNOLOGIES 52BC-476AD

24

MINI CATALOGUE ROMAN EMPIRE: TECHNOLOGIES 52BC-476AD

25

26

MINI CATALOGUE ROMAN EMPIRE: TECHNOLOGIES 52BC-476AD

27

MINI CATALOGUE ROMAN EMPIRE: TECHNOLOGIES 52BC-476AD

28

29

MINI CATALOGUE ROMAN EMPIRE: TECHNOLOGIES 52BC-476AD BUILDING ROME

30

MINI CATALOGUE ROMAN EMPIRE: TECHNOLOGIES

52BC-476AD

BUILDING ROME

31

32

MINI CATALOGUE ROMAN EMPIRE: TECHNOLOGIES 52BC-476AD

33

MINI CATALOGUE ROMAN EMPIRE: TECHNOLOGIES 52BC-476AD

34

CONTENT LIST AND INSURANCE VALUES IN EUROS ROMAN EMPIRE: TECHNOLOGIES 52BC-476AD

40 RN 23 RN

NICCOLAI MODELS ARTEFACTS

RN 01 RN 02 RN 03 RN 04 RN 05 RN 06 RN 07 RN 08

RAM ariete d'assalto o sospeso CM 250X140X190H PULLEYS carrucole CM 200X60X170H SPIRIT LEVEL chorobates CM 300X40X70H CRANE 1 gru calcatoria CM 300X140X230H CRANE 2 Macchina elevatoria vitruviana CM 220X130X180H VITRUVUAN MILL mulino ad acqua di vitruvio CM 170X140X160H NORIA Noria (ruota idraulica) CM 180X140X240H ODOMETER SEA odometro navale CM 160X120X120H

RN 09 RN 10 RN 11 RN 12 RN 13 RN 14 RN 15 RN 16 RN 17 RN 18 RN 20 RN 21 RN 22 RN 23 RN 24 RN 25 RN 26 RN 27 RN 28 RN 29 RN 30 RN 31 RN 32 RN 34 RN 35 RN 39 RN 40 RN 41 RN 42 RN 43 RN 44

ODOMETER LAND odometro terrestre CM 160X120X120H BALL BEARING Piattaforma girevole su sfere CM 120X120X100H RAM IN TESTUDO Testuggine arietata CM 230X140X140H POTTER’S WHEEL tornio per vasaio CM 140X140X170H TOWER Torre di difesa assalto CM 200X60X170H WATER CLOCK orologio acqua CM 80X80X160H ARCHIMEDEAN SCREW vite d'archimede CM 200X60X140H VITRUVIAN SCREW timpano di vitruvio CM 120X120X130H GROMA CM 60X60X170H ABACUS CM 28X18 POLE DRIVER battipalo CM 180X130X250H BRIDGE ponte sul reno CM 300X150X160H SHIP corvo con cinqueremi CM 160X180X220H ONAGER LARGE onagro CM 160X180X180H ARCH arco romano CM 150X150X170H AQUEDUCT acquedotto CM 150X60X170H ROAD X SECTION strada romana CM 150X100X120H ONAGER INTERACT. onagro interattivo CM 60X50X40H CART carro romano CM 160X120X120 H LEGIONNAIRE OUTFITS vestiti e armi legionario CM 60X60X180H TESTUDO FORMATION testuggine di scudi CM 500X400X170H STANDARDS (3) stendardi romani CM 120X60X240H MARINE CARPENTRY carpenteria e pece vegetale CM 150X100X140H BALLISTA catapulta CM 160X80X130H COINS monete CM 60X60X120H COLOSSEUM colosseo CM 150X150X160H VELARIUM velario CM 150X150X130H LIFTS ascensore CM 120X120X160H GLADIATORS 2 gladiatori CM 300X300X180H GLADIATORS ARMS (5) armi gladiatori VETRINA 2 CM 120X80X180H DOLL bambola romana in vetrina 3 CM 60X60X120H

[141,000€] [30,500€] 2,500 1,500 1,500 5,000 3,500 5,000 3,500 5,000 5,000 1,500 3,000 5,000 7,000 3,500 3,500 5,000 1,500 1,000 3,500 2,500 10,000 5,000 2,500 2,500 2,500 3,000 3,000 2,000 5,000 2,000 1,000 5,000 [….....]

10,000 5,000 3,500 10,000 2,000 500

35

RN 45 RN 46 RN 47 RN 48 RN 49 RN 50 RN 51 RN 52 RN 53 RN 54 RN 55 RN 56 RN 57

BUST CAESAR busto romano cesare CM 60X40X180H MOSAIC mosaico CM 120X80X100H MOSAIC INTERACTIVE mosaico interattivo CM 60X60X140H FRESCO affresco romano CM 150X120X100H CENTURION OUTFITS corredo centurione CM 60X60X180H MERIDIAN LARGE meridiana Grande CM 120X80X130H NOTEBOOK tabula rasa vetrina 3 CM 60X60X130H FAST FOODS Cibi e ricette CM 60X60X100H BUST CICERO busto cicerone CM 60X40X180H SHE WOLF lupa capitolina ? CM 150X60X100H BOOKS (5) libri e rotoli (IN VETRINA 1) CM160X180X220H CLOTHES Vestiti (Signora e senatore) CM 60X60X180H SUN-DIAL SMALL meridiana in vetrina 3 CM 120X80X130H

1,000 2,000 500 2,000 2,000 2,000 500 1,000 1,000 3,000 10,000 2,000 500

3 GLASS SHOWCASE CABINETS VETRINA 1 CM 160X180X220H VETRINA 2 CM 60X60X120H VETRINA 3 CM 60X60X120H

[3,000€]

18 GIANT PANELS 200X200 CM approx 10 MM thick in Forex

[5,000€]

55 STANDS WITH LABELS

[5,000€]

139 TOTAL EXHIBITION ITEMS

TOTAL INSURANCE VALUE

[184,500€]

VIRTUAL IMAGES 31 RV

ROMAN VIRTUAL ANIMATIONS

5 FILMS CLIPS EPIC THEATRE SIEGE OF ALESIA GLADIATORS MAKING FRESCOES ROMAN LIFE

[31,000€] [5,000€]

22 HI RESOLUTIONS IMAGES OF TRAJAN COLUMN

TOTAL INSURANCE VALUE

[optional]

220,500€

36

OTHER EXHIBITIONS BY The Original DA VINCI MACHINES www. davincimuseum.com.au/presentation

World Launch October 2009, Melbourne Australia DA VINCI SECRETS “Anatomy to Robots” www. romantek.com.au/davincisecrets

The All New MICHELANGELO – FRIENDS - FRESCO

by Antonio De Vito www.romantek.com.au/fresco (available to tour from 2011)

Our experienced and skilful team of craftsmen and artisans specialise in custom made, large scale exhibitions built to your specific needs and requirements.

Please feel free to contact us to discuss designing and producing your next project.

Further details contact: Luigi Rizzo Niccolai – Teknoart SNC (Firenze) E xtrarizzo@yahoo.com.au

FLORENCE TEKNOART WORKSHOP www.macchinedileonardo.com

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SPONSORSHIP PROPOSAL One of the ‘Key Elements’ behind a successful Exhibition is the valued support and contribution received from the Exhibition’s Corporate/Official Sponsors and Partners.

SPONSORSHIP LEVELS AVAILABLE INCLUDE

“Naming Rights Sponsor”

The Producers of the Roman Empire: Technologies 44BC – 476AD Exhibition recognise the important role played by participating companies and organisations.

In acknowledging the importance of and gratitude for this special role taken by on board, the Producers have

“Gold Sponsor”

designed attractive sponsorship and partnership benefits

“Silver Sponsor”

organisation.

that can be tailored to suit every participating company or

“Bronze Sponsors” At the various levels of sponsorship available, rewarding benefits such as these listed below, will be customised to meet the Sponsor/Partner requirements:

Becoming a “Cash” or “In Kind” Sponsor or Partner

•

Exhibition Naming Rights

of this World Class Exhibition will secure many

•

Guaranteed Industry Exclusivity

months of prime time advertising, promotion and

•

Speaking Opportunity at Official Opening

brand awareness, whilst developing a rewarding and

•

Brand Awareness on all marketing and

exciting association with one of the most remarkable

promotional collateral including television, radio,

Exhibitions to have been produced.

printed media, flags, banners, flyers and official website •

High Profile Exposure for your brand

•

Brand inclusion on the Official Exhibition Catalogue

Further Details: Sponsorship Coordinator Tel +61 (0)3 9347 3489 Fax +61 (0)3 9347 3489 E info@romantek.com.au

•

Brand Display within the Exhibition Foyer

•

VIP Invitations to Official Events

•

VIP Tickets for Guests and Clients

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