The Guam Recorder, December 1927, Vol. 4, No.9

TfiE GUAM RECORDER Volume

4

DECEMBER,

Number 9

215 IS cents per copy

1927

$

I.

so

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------MORE ABOUT THE SHIPPING SITUATION IN GUAM Referring to the article published in the November issue of the Recorder, on the· 'Shipping Situation in Guam.'' The following letter recently received from the Dollar Steamship Line, is publi~btcl for the information of the Guam shippers and merchants in general, that it may be understood that there are two sides to the shipping question.

DOLLAR STEAMSHIP LINE, DoLLAR LINE

Robert Dollar Building- San Francisco, September 13, 1927 Mr. J. H. Underwood, Agent - ·Dollar Steamship Line, Agana, Guam.

per year

the Navy Department rather than to us as we have been ready at all times to place a vessel on the Guam berth at intervals of ar,proximately sixty days providing sufficient inducement warranted same.

Due to the competition of the Navy transports, however, this has been impossible as not only did the commercial shipper5 take advantage of the Naval transport when they were on berth in preference to our vessel, bnt the transports precluded any possibility of our obtaining shipments for the account of the Navy other than ca.s e oil and explosives.

We trust you have explained our case fully to interested com mercia! shippers and that they will bring the needed influence upon Naval Officials as otherwise we cannot afford to send a vessel into Guam to lift a few hundred tons of homeward bound copra unless we have outward support from here.

Dear Sir:

Very truly yours,

''This .will serve to acknowledge receipt of your cable of August 12 reading as follows:''

M.

''Copra shippers very much dissatisfied your . se:hedule sailings. Guam under present schEdule copra produced purchased during July and 3 months following cannot be delivered San Francisco until January with result that los~ in weight is very large interest capital invested more than usual largest shippers have requested permission Governor of Gu:om to ship copra Manila for sale by next steamer Goid Star freight is not to be p~id by shipper Manila price now satisfactory Gover!lor considers it advisable v.ill give permission What relief can you give. What do you advise'' Onr reply of the same date was as follows: ''Referring to your last telegram been compelled withdraw 4 advertised sailings en acccunt of the failure support Navy and competition · transport ready to offer regular sailings every 2 months provided are given Navy cargo wili not have to compete with transport for commercial cargo Writing fully" ''While we feel the above to be self-explanatory, we might elaborate by stating that so far our experience with the Guam business has been anything but encouraging.

Von will probably recall it "'CJS cnly at the urgent solicitation of both the commercial and Navy interests in Guam that we decided to place vessels on this berth. Consequently if our service has now proved to be unsatisfactory to commercial shippers we think their complaint should be directfd to

J. BUCKLEY

FREIGHT TRAFFIC MANAGER

ECL:RA

sgd. by

E. C. LLOYD

PROCLAMATION TO THE PEOPLE OF GUAl\L Guam hns passed through nnot her twelve months in the fn vor vf the Almighty who smiled lJpon its fielde. ~nd they have brought forth plentifully; it has h een spared from disaster :md disease that has visited so mnny parts of the world.

The people of Guam should unite in rendering to the Almighty devout and hearty thanks for .t he many blessings they have enjoyefl.

Therefore r, Lloyd S. Shapley, Governor of Guam, do lwre hy des ignn te Th ur~d :-1y, the twen ty-fon rth d::1y of Noven1brr: as Thn1~l:sg· iving Day, and commend to the People of Gnnm the observnnce of that day in a spirit of devout grntitudf'.

In witneFs v.-herPof, I hnve hereto set my hand and to be affixed the seal of Guam.

c~used

Done at Agn nn, Gun m, this twenty-first day of Noven1bH, in the y ear of our Lord one thousand nine hundred twenty-seven, and of the Independence of the United States the one hundred fifty-seccnd.

L. S. SHAPLEY GovERNOR oF G·uAM

216

THE GUAM RECORDER

DHCEMBF.R 1927

MILITARY OR CIVIL RULE The press announcement of some months past to the effect that President Coolidge urged Civil Bureau Rule of Insular Areas, and that it was his opinion that the Department of the Interior was the logical Agency for all Island s Overseas, caused considerable speculation among the inhabitants of Guam, as it also no G.oubt did among those of the otber island possessions concerned.

The perplexing question was, just what would such a ch(.lnge of administra~ tion mean.

The Guam Chamber of Commerce on September 13, sent the follo\:ving despatch to the Chamber of Commerce of the United States a t Washington,D.C., and by last mail recei\·ed the follo\ving reply which is published for the information of the inhabitants of Guam:

'' H aye learned po~sibility insular possessions being put under Department Interior.

Please inform by letter how such changes would affect Guam rega rdin g present administration . Guam not self supporting. \\l ould appropriation be made for execu tives, roads , hospitals, educational. Navy furni shes without cost Guam following e-xecutives: Governor , Civil Registrar, Head Department Education, Chief Industries , Head Police Department, Collector Cu s toms, C a~ hier Bank, and others. Ahove duties are performed in addition to Navy dnties.

Govern o r Guam Annual Report pa~t y ears obtainable Secret <lTY Navy office. ''Guam Chamber of Commerce '' ''As yo u probably have seen in the press , Pn-sident Coolidge during the s ummer called attention to the value of having a common system for handlin g tbe affairs of the outlying possessions of the United States.

There ha s been discussion of pr opos;:tls o f thi s sort for a year or more and recently the matt er has been given certain impetus by the publication of an article in the September 11 issue of the New Vork Herald-Tribune, by the Secretary of the Interi o r , setting forth his views as to the ad\·isability of placing all of the outlying possessions nnder the jurisdiction of the Department of the Interior. I am enclosing a copy of thi s article for y our information.

So far as we can find, the consideration of the proposals ha~, up to the present, been very general and no definite plan has been made public ~md no definite steps made to change the statu~ of the control of the territories now under the vVar or Navy Departments to any other department of the Government.

In fact, there is some difference of opinion as; to whether or not such a shift could be made hy executive order or whether it would be preferable that it be accomplished by congress ional action.

In response to the specific inquiry in your telegram regarding appropriations we have thcught it be~t, in the absence of any definite plan, to set forth on the attached sheets the appropriations made by Congres:s f ,1 r the last fiscal year for the territories of Alaska

and H awa ii , the acti\·ities of both of which head up in the Depa rtment of the Interior. To the t-xtent to which these statements indicate the policy of the Federal Governmer,t in providing funds for territories coming under the juri s diction of the Int erior, I think the material will prove helpful to yo u .

Yon may be interested to know that in the Foreign CommE:rce De-p artment \'\'e have betn m a king a ~ tu dy of the trade and reso urces of the \· ariou s outlying possessions of the United States , primarily in statistical fo rm , for pos~tible pnblicati on this year.

In connection with figures about Guam we have been furni s hed by the Navy Depa rtment with a copy of its pamphlet entitled ' 'The I s land of Gnam, " published in 19 26, in the form in ·w hich it w as revis<:d

by Mrs. Allen H. \Vhite.

If you ha\·e anv statistical material which you could send u s prim~rily as to exports a nd impcrt"s of the i:;; Jar,d during the last c ale nd a r y ear or the last fi scal yea r , or if you have any s tati s tics a s to production of the principal crops of Guam , we would be very glad to ha\.·e any such materi al for incorporation in the pamphlet we now have under conlemplation.

Very trul y y ours ,

E. L . BACHER M a n 8ge r, Foreign Commerce Department.' '

Appropriations made by Congress for the Territory of Alaska For the Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1927 Salary of Governor Salary of Secre1ary of Territory Salaries, Judges, .Marshals , etc.

Contingent expenses (Includes salaries and wages, rents , travel expenses, stationary , fnel, · water, li g hts. etc. ) Legislative expenses (Includes salaries of members a nd employees, tra\·el expen!'=.es, rent, s t ationary, printing, etc.)

Construction and maintenance of roads, bridges , and trails Public schools, Al aska fund Education of n a tives Medical relief in Ala ska Star route service Protecting seal and salmon fi sheries Power vessel for Alaska fi~heries Mining investigati ons Opera ting minE- rescue cars and s tations ( Bu rea n of Mines) Care and cu stody of insane Redistribution fund s for indi ge nt Suppressing tra ffic in intoxicatin g liquor Reindeer for A I ask a Alaska railroad fund Total

$

7,000 3,600 8 1,200 12,500

47,260

900, CO O 25,000 480.000 150 ,000 170,000 340, "00 0 50,000 10 ,860 277 ,380 159 , 248 15 ,000 16' 200 12,500 1 . 700,000 4,457) 748

DECEMBER 1927

217

THE GUAM RECORDER

Appropriations made by Congress for the Territory of Hawaii For the Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1927 Salary of Governor $ 10,000 Salary of Secretary of Territory 5,4 00 Salaries of Justices and Judges : Chief justice 7,500 14,000 Assoe:iate Justices $7,000 each 48, 000 Judges of Circuit Courts $6,000 each 15 ,000 District Judges $7,500 each Legislative expenses 30,000 (Includes salaries of employees, furniture, light, etc.)

Contingent expenses of territory (Includes stationary, postage and incidentals, private secretary to governor, traveling expenses, etc.) !Yfilitary posts Hawaii National Park Seacoast batteries Search light and electrical installations Total

$ 4,500

100 18,000 15,000 100 167,600

SOLDIER OR CIVILIAN RULE? Should Control of Our Foreign Territories Be Taken From the Wa.r and Navy Departments and Centralized UndEr the Secrttary of the Interior, as Suggested hy Presidmt Coolidge?

Read This Interesting DiscussiiJn

By Hubert Work, Secretary (If the luterior.

Published in the New York Herald Tribune- September 11, 1927

No one would argue that the War Department s hould educate the children of New York City, supervise the sanitation and health of the town , and have the Mayor report to it, just becau s e New York is a vitally important strategic spot from a military p oint of view. ' No one would contend that the Navy Department s hould similarly supervise the affairs of the people in the Pu g et Soulld country, just because there i~ a tremendously important naval base there, and its strategic importance, under certain military conditions, mig-ht be vital.

Nor h ave I ever heard the point made that the people of the Di s trict of Columbia, who have no vote, s hould be ruled by the military branches of the government because it contains the Capi rol and the head q uarters of all the armed forces of the government.

Yet this is the possition occupied by most of our territorial possessions. The Philippine Island s and Porto Rico are under the jurisdiction of the \t\la r Department, while American Samoa, Gu:~m and the Virgin I~land~ are under the Navy Department.

As a matter of fact , Hawa ii, one of our most vital s trategic spots from every conceivable poi 11 t of view, i s not rnled by either the War or Navy Department, but by the Department of the Interior, as is Ala~ka, which make s our closest contact physically with Soviet Russia , and I have heard no su gg es tion that the milita r y s tatns of the country s uffers in the slightest degree becan~e of that fact.

On the contrary, these two territorial po~~e~~icrs be nefit conside~路ably, I believe, by having a civil rather than a military admini~tration. a nd I am convinced that similar benefits would flow to tl1e people of our other possessions and dependencies, c0nld they also have civil instead of army or nav y government.

Historically and administrativelv, the Department of the Interior is the a1)propriate branch of the gov-

ernment to manage the affairs of the territori~l possessions of the United States.

Responding to the present tendency toward centralized governmental control, it i:; n at ura l that President Coolid g e should direct attention to the need of unifying, under the Department of the Interior, the diverse systems that prevail in handling our territorial affairs, which are now divided between three departments of government.

The Canal Zone should probably not be considered in the proposed change, since it is principally an E-ngineering project and has practically no native popul a tion under United States jurisdiction.

Under the authority ves ted in the President by the different aLts of Con g re ss, he can, by Executive order, shift the supervision of the~e insular pos:-:essions to the head of any executi v e department. Indeed, Porto Rico was tra nsferred from the Interior Department to the War Department a number of year s ago by thi s method.

The spirit of America is to administer the affairs of a dependent people with 路a view to their advancement-teaching- them, where neces~ary, the arts and customs of civiliz a tion, directing them toward economic independence and granting them autonomy to thE extent of their capac ity.

The E uropean military systfm of control in areas a t peace among themsel v es ar.d the outside world does not make for ultimate home rule or provincial pricte, so necessary to depenc1ent initiative and intelli g ent self-goyernment.

Authorit y may well be loc1ge c1 with powers best able to exerci s e it, but respo nsibility ~honJd be decentralized.

The native H awa iians are a patent exhibit of an American plan o f cte velopment . Though maintaining an independent government, they have come into full citizenship , on equality with citizens of other nations.

Now, it won1c1 appear t路hat territorial administration mi g ht well be under the jurisdiction of the de-

218

THE GUAM RECORDER

partment be st organized to emphasize the activiti es which s hould be of g reatest concern t o the se dependencie s for gene ra tions to come- educa tion , com m e rce, irri g ated agriculture- all so necess a r y, to soc ia l relations and domestic devel op ment on American lin es .

The function s of the Interio r D ep artment , embracing the public la nds, irri ?:a tion , educa tion, g eol og) , n at ion a l parks, th e American In d ia n s and territori es , qualify it to handle th~ devel op ment of alien peoples .

Al as ka a nd Hawa ii , once our onl y extra territori al possessions, were ea rly placed under the administrati o n of th e Int erior D epartment , as co min g naturall y within the functions of the br a nch of the government, which since 1873 h as nurtured e ach of the inh.nt territ o ri es within the continental United S tates to the full sisterhood of s tates .

Indian re serva tion s, which are dependencie s of the United States, a re also und er the juri sd iction of the D .: p a rtm e nt of the Interior, a s are the sixteen lar g e tract s of land \vithin the continental United States which h av e been set aside as n a tional parks.

When Alas ka was purchased from Ru ss ia in 1867 it was under milit a r y ruie , but ten yea rs later the \ Ala r D 2pa rtment relinqui s hed it s s upervi s ion to tl1 e Treas ury Dep ar tm e nt. which in turn w as sncceed::d by the N avy Dep a rtment. There "'''as no orga niz ed civil administration by the Federal government until 1884 , when the s o-called orga nic a ct was passed by Con g ress .

Si nee tnen, Alaska ha s been under the Interior De pa rtment.

The Governor of Alaska is appointed by the President and confirmed by the United States Senate.

He is vested with executive power o ve r the territ ory and passed by the Lep; isl a tnre , which meet s bienni ally , are subject to approval of the Congress of the United S t a te s.

For the l ast fort y -three year the Interior Dep:utment h as administered the pnblic land s in the territory, s uper vised th e de v elopment of its mineral re so urce s, operated the A laska r a ilroe~d and attended to the educatiou and h ealth of it s n ative population.

Wh a t has tran sp ired during tho se yea r s? \Vh a t advance h as been made?

How ha s the Department of the Interior g uided the development of the coun try , the education of n a tives to citizenshi p ? \Vhen the work of the Bureau of Education of the Interior D epa rtment was started in Alaska, forty yea r s ago, the a bori g in es were in absolutely primiti ve c o ndition s .

In so uthern Ala~ka and in the interior the n a tives li ve d in s mall filthy hovels with little li g ht a nd no ve ntilation. Along the s horEs of the Bering Sea and the Arct ic Ocean their ·wi nter h abit a ti o ns were semi-sub terranean hut s. \ Vhen the warm e r days of s ummer thawed the frozen so il, renderin g the se un de rg round ho vels uninhabita ble , their shelters were sk in -covered tents alon g the coast and the river s . The Es kimo s still used rude implement s of s tone , ivory and bone , and con s umed much of their seal and w alrus meat ra,:v.

Lamps filled with whale or seal oi 1 and with dri eel mo ss a s a wick were st ill u s ed for heatin g and cooking purpo ses .

DHCEMBF.R 1927

\Vith th e stea d y ildvance of the B ur eau of Education '::, sc h oo l system and other civilizin g age n cies, tlu~ se primitive cond ition s have g rad u a ll y disappt:ared, except in some of th e remotest settlements the bure a u h as not yet been ab le to r eac h.

In m a n y of the \"'ill ages the old hut s have been r ep laced by n ea t , well furnished houses, th e home s of self- suppor tin g, se lf-re spectin g n a ti ves, thou sa nds of vd10m a r e em plo y ed by the great canneries of south ern Alaska , whose a nnual product is v alued a t more th a n $40,000,000.

Th e fleets of po·werboats owned and oper ated by th e n a ti ves are of g r ea t service in tr:::tn s porting fi s h from the fishin g g round s to the canneries .

Many n a tives are employed in th e mines, who se output ha s totaled more than h a lf a billion doll a r s sinc e 1880. Others are pi lots, storekeepers, loggers or ivory ca r ve rs.

About 27,000 n a ti ves a re included in the 55,000 person s livin g in the territory. Split up into g r o11 ps of from 30 ro 400 persons, the natives li ve in scores of vi ll ages sc attered a long the thou sa nd s of miles of coast and the g reat rivers . Some of the villages on rem ote isla nd s or beside the frozen ocean a re brought into touch w ith the out side world only once or twice a year . But the Burea u of Ed ucation of the Interior Department h as extended its work to ninety-five of these villages.

Hawaii, ''the Cross road s of the P a cific ,' ' is the other territory under the juri sd icti on o f th e Secretary of the Interior.

Ever s inc e thi s archip ela g o o( nine inhabited islands and a numbe r of uninh abi t ed ones . stretching for a thous a nd mil es across the midPacific, was annexed by the Uni~ed States a nd created into a territ or y in 1900, it h as been un de r it s present supervision.

The inh abitant s compri se a mixture of r aces found nowhere el s e in the world .

Americans, Eng-lish, German s, Norwe g ia n s , Portu g uese, French , S o uth Sea Islanders, Chinese , Jap a ne se, Fi li p inos, Porto Rican s and H aw aii a ns live to get her peaceably .

The government con sis t s of a G ov ernor , appointed by th e Presid ent of the U nited States , and a Territorial L egislature, elected by th e people of the isl a nd s.

At the time of annexation all persons Jiyin g o n the islands were made citizen s and n a ti ves as vvell a s white inhabitant s have the right of franchi s e.

An exten sive supervision is exe rci sed by the Sec retary of the Interior.

All offici al communication s and r eports from the Governor and other exec uti,·e officials are tr a n s mitted to him.

He h a ndles all que s tion s of n a tion a l policy connected with the territory and m akes recommendati ons to Con g ress about le g isl a tion dealing with the territory.

Beca u se of the adoption of a benevolent nation a l polic y towa rd the H awa i1 a n Isl a nd s, the territ ory h as e xp erienc ed a rem a rk able g ro wt h during tbe la st twenty-fi ve yea rs.

Its commerce ha s expanded , it s in dustries incre ase d manyfold, it s finances and b t1sine ss h a \·e be e n developed and it s pop ul a tion b as more than doubled. In 1900 , when the island s became a part of the United States, the inhabit a nt s numbered 154,001. Today the population is 328,444.

This expansion and growth of Ha·w aii is due prin-

DECEMBER 1927

221

.TI-IE GUAM RECORDER

for the week-end pbnned by the popular host was a beach party.

Guests at the b 2ach party besides house-guests of the hosts were the young "subdebs" of the American colony in Sumay, including the l\-f isses Loretta and Jean Kealy, Betty and Jean Harrington and Elizabeth Laura \¥ilson.

Among other parties plann('d by Mr. McAllister for the month of November was an informal dinn er party Nov. 4 at which Gov. and l\Irs. Shapley and Lient. and .Mrs. \¥. A. Settle were guests. l\Ir. and Mr~. Edwards of the Experimental Station, entertained Gov. nnd Mrs. L. S Shnpley informally with dinner Nov. 17.

Mr. and l\'[rs. Vandenberg ·were host and hostess at an informal evening bridge party Nov. 9 at their Piti Home.

Those present vvere Gov. and Mrs. L. S. Shapley, Chaplain and ~frs. W. R. Hall, and l\fr. and Mrs. Ed\vards.

An Orienta l luncheon was given by :Mrs. James W. Edwards at her home in Agana recently in honor of a. group of her friends who were leaving for the United States on board the U.S. S. H e n de rson.

The dining room \V as decorated with gay festive Ian terns and bright panels of Chinese origin that le nt to the affair a spirit of old C atha y.

Guests were provided with only chop stickR w.i1 h which to eat the delicious Oriental luncheon.

Those present were Mrs. Charles Hill, Mrs. W.R. Frick as, l\frs. Thomas vV. Den eb, Mrs. A. J. Stokes, Mrs . Eugene J. Harden, Mrs. A. Wi!kin:3on, Mrs. R..

Craven and Mrs. J. vV. Baker.

Bricige followed the luncheon. Prizes were awarded to l\1rs. Thomas W. Deneb and Mrs·. W. R. Fricka~ .

1\frs. A. L. Ham1in entertained informally Nov. 1 with a dinner party for Gov e rnor and Mrs. L. S. Shapley, Mrs. \V. A. Settle and Capt. Harry Paul.

Governor and l\-lrs. L.S .. Shapley, Lieut. and Mrs.

VV. A. Settle and Chief Pay Clerk and Mrs. R. H.athaway were guests of Lieutenant and Mrs. H. Hubbard for dinner Nov. 8.

Lieut. and l\1rs. Alfred Doucet entertained with two delightful p:;ntics during the month of Nov. Both rdfa irs ',\'Crc in form of bridge dinners, the din n e r being served at · the Douce t home followed by bridge at the officers club.

Gu ests on Nov. 15 were Chnplain nnd l\Irs. \V. R.. Hnll, Dr. and Mr~.

G. vV. \Vil s on, Li eut. and Mrs. J. C. Heck, 1\Irs. C. E . Eason, Mrs . B.S. Henderson, Lieut. P.J . Pepn er, 1\Ir. vV. E. Saxton, and Marine Gunner and Mrs. J. S . McNulty.

Th e secon d party held Nov. 29 celeb rated the we dding a nniversa ry of Lieut. and Mrs. Doueet.

Those prese nt in clud ed : Governor and 1\In:. L. S. Shapley, Lieut. and Mrs. \V. A. Settle, Dr. and M rs. C. C. Brown, Li eut.. and Mrs. E. A. Grnffin,

Lieut. and l\Irs. J. H. Strother, Dr. and Mrs. H.l\f.

I\Iaveety, Ch. Pay Clerk and Mrs. R. Hatha,vay. ~1rs. Tilford who arrived in Guam in September to join her husband at the Cable Station in Sumay, was hostess Nov. 30 at an informal lun cheon at her home. Her guests were: .Mrs. L. S. Shapley, i\1rs.

Seldon Smith, Mrs. Cbarles Ortman, Mrs. J. Kealy, .Mrs. George Wilson, and Mrs. G. B. Perry.

:Mr. and ~Irs. G. B. Perry entertained a group of their fri ends Nov. 5 with a bridge supper at their Cable Station home in Sumay.

Their guests included: Dr. and :\frs. Richard Satterlee, Lieut. and !\Irs. J. C. Heck, Li eut. and Mrs. H. Hubbard, Lieut. and Mrs. J. J. :\fad den, Lieut . and l\lrs. J .H. Strother, Dr. arid Mrs. R. A. Schneiders, and :M r. a nd l\1rs. J. Kealy.

The Perry's entertained members of the Sumay Bridge club at their quarters Nov. 28 . :Membe rs present were: Dr. and :Mrs . G eo rge \¥i lso n, Capt.

H~rry Paul, Lieut. and Mrs. J. H. Strother, Chief Marine Gnnner and ~Irs. J.J. Harrington, Qm. Clk. and Mrs. J.C. Brochek, and I.',.fr. and Mrs. Kealy.

Among the many ThankE:giving Day hosts and hostesses were Lieut. and l\1rs. J. H. Strother who e ntert a in ed with a dinner party for 20 guests at the Elks Club in Agana.

Covers were laid for: Dr. and Mrs. Rich a rd s~tterlee, Dr. and Mrs. George vVilson,. Mrs. C. E. Eason, Mrs. B. S. Henderson, Mr. and 1\Jrs. J. Kealy, Cflpt. Harry Paul, Li eut. and l\frs. W. A. Settle, Ch. Mar. Gunner and l\Ir~.

J.J.Harrington, Ch.Pa.y Clerk and ~.frs.R.Hnthaway, Qm. Clk. and .Mrs. J. C. Brochek and Mr. and Mrs. G. B. Perry.

NEW YEAR RESOLUTIONS We are again approaching the New Year Season, Isn't this a peculiarly appropriate time to look ahead. to indulge in solemn tninking, · to formulate life plans, to lay down a definite course to follow, and to determine with all th e strength that you possess to carry out these plan s?

When thinking over your · New ·Year resolutions, in addition to C.eciding tbat you will write to the folks at home at regular intenals, and resolving to do all the other things tbat you have in mind. Don't forget that those ·whom you left at home would like to receive our island paper.

They would like to learn something more about this far away place where : you 21re no\~' rt-siding than you can possibly write them.

The Guam Recorder is mailed to your home address for the subscription price of $1.50 for twelve issues, without any further trouble to you.

You are relieved from all bother of wrapping, stamping and addressing, and the possible chance of forgetting to do tbis. You may get a subscription blank at The Guam Recorder Office- Opposite Officers Club, Agana.

222

TI-IE GUAJYI RECORDER

DECI~MBF;R

1927

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE NOTES .

RATS Mus norvegicus (decumans), otherwise known

8s the brown rat, Norway rat, ·w harf rat, grey rat, barn rat and in our case the Guam rat, does an amount of damage variou sly' estimated at between 75 ,000 and 125,000 doll ars annually.

This rat is not native to Guam but was brought to our shores by the ·whaling ships of the past centuries.

It is the same rat that now is to be fo und almost any vvhere on the face of the earth or wherever ships have been able to tak:e it, and which by its great povYers of reproduction ~llld adaptability ha~ been able to establish itself and become the wor~t cosmopolitan pest of man.

Aside from the direct economic loss involved, the pest also presents a probtem which should not be overlooked, in the transmission of certain epidemic di seases should they reach our shores.

The damage cau~ed by this pest is not always noticeable to the casual resident of Guam but to the coconut grower, and rancher, and merchant the damage is quite apparent, especially during the periods of dry weather.

The average rainy season presents good conditions for the rapid increase of th.e rat horde so that when the clry season comes on the1r number~ are greate st and water and food become scarce. In the northern half of the island there are few natural water courses so that when the surface pools dry up the . rats tnrn to young green coconuts for water.

In this way thousands of nuts are destroyed before they mature, and young tender nuts are often eaten. Farmers suffer losses of their crops, espe..::ially corn both in the field and as stored grain, sugar cane is damaged and made unfit for human consumption, in fact all crops raised are affected but the damage is more noticeable in such staple cropi as corn and coconuts. The price of eggs and chickens would not be so high were it not for rats and the toll they take.

Eggs and young chicks are a highly prized diet and a welcome change from grain and nnts, which the enemy does not overlook.

The rat is omnivorous and eats or damages everything that it can sink its teeth into.

It is especially fond of pineapples, bananas, and vegetables ' of all kinds.

The merchants of Guam are heavy losers from rat depredations. The rats eat a large amount of stored foodstuffs, defile and damage as much or more than they actnaliy eat and damage dry goods in obtaining nnterial for building and lining their nests.

A hundred thousand dollars is quite an amount for fifteen thousand people to pay for the maintenance and unkeep of rats, yet that is just what the people of Guam are doing.

Extermination of rats in Guam is impossible under existing conditions, i.e., where so much of the land is occupied by natural bush and forest. \Vere the greater part of the land under cultivation and the forest cared for, as will probably happen in the distant future, the complPte exterminabon might be possible.

But the impossibility of completely ridding Guam of rats, is no reason why nothing whatever sbould

be done to reduce the $7.00 per capita cost of keeping them well fed and contented.

The bounty system tried in 1917-18 failed, as it usually fails where tried, and therefore must be discarded.

The suggestion that a few thousand male mongooses be imported as an experiment '"as rejected.

However, that does not exhaust the ways and mean s of combating rats.

The Bureau of Biological SurYey , (U.S. D. A. Cir. #61) lists bircls of prey and classi fies them as to the beneficial and harmful qualities into four cla ss<:s, 1.-Those wholly beneficial; the birds listed neYEr being known to attack poultry or other birds.

2.Those" which are chiefly beneficial. Into this grot1p are p!aced birds almost wholly beneficial but ·who have been convicted of rare transgressions against ponltry or birds. 3.-Those in ·which the beneficial qualities are about balanced by their harmful o11es.

4.-Entirely harmful.

Hawks of different species are found in all four of these divisions and o·wls in the last three divisions.

It is believed that the Ferruginous ron g hleg or squirrel hawk, which belongs to the wholly beneficial class and the Barn owl, belonging to chiefly beneficial class, are adaptrd to Guam conditions and would be a valuable addition to the bird life of tbe island.

Both are likely to protect their nests from iguanas and rats and would rednce the rat horde of Guam.

The possibility of the reduction of rodents to the point where these birds would either turn to poultry or starve is given full consideration and while that possibility is Yety remote, should it happen, the birds of prey would do no more damngP than is now being done by the rats and iguanas.

In fact, by merely breaking the game laws the inhabitants of Guam have exterminated a number of species of birds that are much \vilder and shyer than hrnvks and owls who are rather fearless of man.

Thc~e introductions tend to restore the balance of nature which \Vas destroyed when rats came to Guam minus 9.ny natural enemies.

Fights occnsionally occur between rats and iguanas which has led people to believe that. iguanas attark rats.

This is very doubtful and it is thought that it is just the other way around, that. the rat attacks an occasional iguana most likely when the latter comes around its nest. At least the conflict between these two animals is not for existence and hence is of little value', as is shown by the fact that both are abundant in the same localities.

Towards the clm~e of the dry Eeason there is a high mortality among rats in the northern sections clue to lack of sufficient food and water C'Specially the htter and it is thonght that this natural mortality could be greatly increased by the systematic watering of these pests for a few days and then poisoni~g the supply.

The best material for this purpose is barium carbonate, a tasteless and odorless substance which is highly poisonous to rats but less so to rlomcstic animals than are some of the other common poisons. The permiscuous spreading of any poison is d a ng~rous and this one especially so due to its lack of taste and odor, but in the hands

DECEM RBR 1927

THE GUAM RECORDER

223

GOODNESS In the town of M ______ was born a young man, and he had always liveci there and had no desire ever to leave for he loved his town.

On a certain day, when he had reached the fullness of strength of his young manhood, a stranger ca me to his town.

This strange man was plainly dressed and of humble mien but none could fail to notice him for his countenance shone with the spirit of service and the love of his fellowman.

He sat down with those th:It were troubled and comforted them and those that were in distress and heavy laden he helped with their bLtrdens.

On Sundays he preached in a grove at the outskirts of the town and soon all the people of the town came to hear him a nd those who heard him saw visions of a more beautiful life and felt uplifted in spirit.

The men of the town, each according to their weaknesses, had visions of the happiness they might ha ve, were they too filled with the love of God and t heir fellowman and straightway they went home a nd sinned no more and their faces too shone with g oodness. The ndser no longer was mean and stingy b ut gave liberally to those in need. The town loafer w ent to work and brought his family th i r.1gs they had never dreamed of.

The merchants sold honest g oods at fair prices to all.

The town drunkard no lo nger corrupted the youth of the town vvith lewd a nd ribald stories but devoted his genius for narrative t o the magnificati on of deeJs of valor for that which was right and good. The village atheist saw as in a g reat light the folly of trustin g in the human intellect and a gentle peace came upon him and he no lo nger irritated "the d~acons and elders of the churches b y his rididule of their faith and practice, and likew ise the deacons and elders became broad and tolerant where formerly they had been most narrow and bigoted.

Fathers who had been cold nnd harsh to t heir wives and children became gentle and conside rate.

In the same manner were the women of the town too uplifted in heart and the drudger_v of their housework became beautified and lightened by the sp irit of love and sen路ice so that there was in all that to wn no longer a home that was not swe~t flnd clean an d filled with goodness and happiness.

The town g- oss ips no longer took a delight in the sins and misfortunes of othE-rs bnt had only g ood wi~bes for all ,:t nd spoke a helpful word wherever they could.

The women of the tovYn dressed modestly and incons picuously and the druggist sold n') more cosmetics for the women of that town cared nought for any charm except the shining countenance revealing a good and pure heart.

The yonng people of the town too were impressed, perhaps most strongly of all by the example and preaching of this strange man.

The young men no longer dreamed of easy g otttn riches and the delights of riotous living nor did they look with lust upon the girls of ill repute and indeed in that town there was no longer a girl vvho would lure men on by her phy~ical charms but rather they com:=-etEd only in that each desired to be most helpful in word and deed, to the young rntn of their acquaintance, that they might lead better ar.d more n~efullives.

And so it came abont that there were no longer in his town any that lusted after the things of the flesh and there was no suffering or misery; only goodness and sweetness and happines s .

But the young man no longer loved his town. He found it wanting-.

He mi ss ( d the satisfaction he had found in contemplating bow much wiser he was than the miser, in that be spent for his enjoyment; in how mnch wiser he was than the loafer, in th~t he worked and saved for future security. He missed the gamble of special barg-ains with the merchants.

He missed very much the Rabelaisian stories of the former drunkard and alt hot1g b he had never agreed with the town atheist, be mi ssed the stimulation be had a 1wa y s fon nd in arg-uing ag ainst him.

He missed rhe hypocritical deacons and elders; he bad gotten much pleasure ct1t of the contemplation of their bvpocrif-v. He did not want his father to be a pzd to -him, he prefnrcd a cotain re serve.

He missed the racy wit and cle\路ff comment of the tcwn gossips who no longer sat on the front porch to greet the passer-by and exchange spicy observation while their houses were unclean and children playEd nnw as heel.

He missed the reckless , devil-may-care, try-anything once young men.

But most of all he missed the gay ''come hither'路 of an eyelash droppEd, or ankle, artfully displayed by sirens conscious of their charms.

How he missed them all; the vanities, miseries and sad pleasures of a sinful world!

So he departed frcm his town and returned to it no more.

(CONTINUED FROM PAGE 222)

FILIPINO PROVERBS

of a few competent persons, much rat destruction c ould be accomplbherl.

St. ore~, storehouses, nnd all plnceE' where food s t uffs and fabric arc kept should bA marie of conc retr, esp(.'rially the floorf:; and walls of concrete s honld he c~rried up to a height. of at least a foot ah out floor level, Ahov e thi s the wood structure s hould be tightly sealed or left. entirely open on the in::; ide t.o n.voicl sp'tces or pockets in which the rats a nd mice can secrete a, nest.

The following- proverbs are from the wntmgs of Jose Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines: Low words are strong-er than loud words.

1\'Ia:n promises while in need.

He who belie,路e~ in tale s bas no mind of his .own.

The most difficult to arouse from sleep is the man who pretends to be asleep.

He who walks slowly, though he may put his foot on a thorn, vvill not be hurt very much.

The fish is caught throu g h the mouth.

I

D HCEMilRR 1927

THE GUAM RECORDER

a nd almost bloodless before the Spaniards arrived) .

Their hnguage is Chamorro, much resembling the Visayan dialect.

The population, for a hundred v ears after the Spanish occupation, diminishec~. \vomen purposely sterilized themselves. Some threw t heir new born offspring into the sea, hoping to libera te them from a world of woe, and that t.hey v;rould regenerate in happiness.

In the beginning of the 17th centuty , the population was further diminishtcl by an epidemic disease. During the first century of S panish rule, the Government vvas neyer able to exa ct the payment of tribute. At the present day, the r evenue of the islands is not ne arly sufficient to co\路er t he entire cost of administration.

A few years ago, t he Governor, Sr. Pazos , was assassinated there.

There are nine towns with parish priests. All the C hurches were built of stone, and roofed 路with reed t hatching, except that of the c~pital, which has an i ron roof. Six of the towns have Town Halls made o f bamboo and reed grass; one has a wooden buildi ng, and in two of them (including the capital) the Town Hall:- are of stone.

The Seat of Government is at Agana (called in old o fficial documents the ''City of San Ignacio de Agana ' ').

It is situated on the creek, and is called t h e Port of Apra. Ships cannot get up to the capital; t hey lie about two miles off Punta Piti, in the Harbo r of San Luis de Apra where pa~sE:ngers, stores a nd mails are conveyed to a wooden landing路stnge.

Five hundred vards from here is the Harbonr11.lster's office, built of stone, with a tile roof. From P nnta Piti there is a b::.td road of about five miles.

T he situation of Agana seems to be ill-suited for co mmunication with vessels, :mel proposals were ine ffectually made by two Governors, since 1835, to es t ~ blish the capital town elsewhere.

The central Go verr11nent took no heed of their r~commendation.

I n Agana there is a Government Honse, a Military Hospital and Pharmacv, and Artillerv Depot and Infa ntry B:uracks, a we.l l bui 1t Prison~ a Town Hall, t he Administrator's Office, called by the natives' 'the S~ 10p'', and the ruins of former pnblic bnildings. It is a rather pretty town, bnt there is nothing notable t o be sPen. The natives :are as dome:-.ticated as the Philippine Is la nders, and have mnch better features.

Spanish a nd a little English are spoken by many of them, as t he se Islands in former vears were the resort of E ng lish-speaking vvhalem~n.

For th~ elementary ecl ncation of the natives, there is the College of San ] nan de Letran for bo ys, and a girls ' school in Agana; and in seven of the towns , there '\Yas, in 1888, a total of four school:: for boys, five sch:)ols for girls, a nd nine schools for both sexes, under the direction o f twenty masters and six mistresses. \V'hen the Ladrone Islands (Marianas) '\vere a dep en dency of the Philippine General-Go,路ernment, a su bsidized mail steamer left Manila for Ag-ana, and two or three other ports, every three months.''

The author states that in .1886, Gnam was governed by a Lieutenant Colonel and Staff at an annual cos t of 4975 Sp :mish dollars. Padres were paid about 500 dollars each per year.

227

The last State galleon left Manila for M E:xico in 1811 , and the last sailing from X.capulco for Manila was in 1815.

This ended the periodic and regular trip s of those stately and gallant ships that for three c enturies had carried Spani sh officials and merchandise across the Pacific, and had made Guam a port of call.

LOCAL NEWS IN BRIEF The Station Tug, U . S. S. Napa, left the harbor early Sunday mon1ing N ovcmber 6th., for a cruif'e around the Island.

S ervice Americans and their families were invited to make the trip, and a number took advantage of this opportunity for an exc:usion . .

Saturday November 5th. was opening day at the Commissary Store, and it was a very busy day for the commissary staff. The store having been closed for several days during which time a general reorgnnization and rearrangement of stock had taken place.

The present system permits a cumplete di~pln.y of all articles on f:ale and the patrons of this st.ore \Yill now find it nmch mon~ convenient in placing and receiving their orders.

The nf'w Service Club was officially opened Nov. 1st.

The building formally occupied by Sawada's Store, has been taken over by the Goven1ment and rearranged for Club purpo ~ e:::. An up to the minute bowling alley has been installed: and a dancing pavnlion is to be erected. Pool tables, reading and lounging rooms, and sleeping arrargcrr:ents for OHT night. visitors, arc to be part of the accommodations for t.he enlisted personnel. Refref-:hments were ferved nn the opening night. by the Jagatna Gas Kitchen and music was provided by a string orchestra.

The Editor and l\1unnging Stnff of ''The Guam Eagle", our new daily ne,;vs sheet, as published by the Naval Communication Scrvicr, is to be congratuln.ted upon the improvement which has been made in this daily paper. The spncc devoted to items of local int<'re.st., comments ct reteru are of particular intere8t, anrl thm;e privil('ged to received this p::~per shoulrl exert an effort in assisting by forwarding items that. come to thrir notice.

Hemembering, that \vhat interests you will probably interest others .

A drspatch to the Governor-Commandant of the Naval Station. wns received rf'rrntly imf01ming him thnt John 0. Richnrd~, Chid Raclioman, U.S.N., n nrl Charles W. Hn rt, l\1 ac hi nist Mate 1st. CJ ass, U.S N .,had succf'ssfully pa.!'serl the examinations for promotion, and were nppoi nted Warrant Officers in tre United Stntcs Navy from October 4th. 1927.

J\1r. Rich~rds wnR appoinh:o d Radio Electrician, U.S.N., and l\1r. Hart., Warrant Mnchinist, U S .N. l\1 r .Richards is attn clwd to the St n t ion Communication Service' , and Mr. Hart is on dut.y as Chief Engineer of the Station Oil Depot, U.S.S.R.L. Barnes.

229

·THE GUAM RECORDER

DH CBMBBR 1927

CORRESPONDENCE Referring to the article in the November issue of t he · ' Recorder'' on beautifying Agar) a by planting hedges, shade tree=', palms , etc.

I consider this an excellent idea and hope that this matter will receive se rious attention.

The seawa11 on the Agana-Piti road ha s always ap peared a dan ge rous place , and as a sa fe g t1 a rd it is s u ggested that this wall might be raised about t\.YO fee t, or that a hedge of Valeria or Hibiscus be planted there. -Citizen of Guam.

Dea r Editor: Could you publish the death list of cats (both k inrls), and dog~? or do they live forever, to keep t he babies awake?-lnspired.

I ns pired: The Recorder will gladly puLlish the d ea tl1 list o f all noi sy cats and clogs, rarticularly if thry are no isy at night, btl t of course will have to be furJl is hcJ with s u ch liRt. It comes to our minds t h at we have heard it sn.id th at cats hn.v e nine lives , this is probn.bly for the r e :ts'1n that w e would often like to add th e m to s uc h list as you suggcst.-Editor.

"MOTORISTS" Rec ently an item signed '·Motorist" was offered to the Guam Engle, our daily news Hheet, but not D.cce pted by this S e rvi ce , anrl later it found its way to the R eco rder's edi tori a 1 de Ek. The writer comments on the lnck of sid e w!ilks in Gt utm, and remarks that there may .be some people in Guam who have forgott e n what s ide walks are fo r, a nd states that h e , or she. o1· they, hn.v e not (~x i s tecl on the island for twenty yeart- and grown fat . Just whn.t all thiR has to do with sidnva.lks or t h e lack of sidewalks, is be yonrl our compn' h ens ion.

'I'he writer fnrther stateR, ;'Vvc have a fond re coll ec t ion of how the cities of the civilized world handle t he traffic, and a few of us motorists l1 e re in Gunm wo uld be highly pleased to sec the peJ est rinns put o n the sidew[llks." \Ve venture to state thn.t. ahout 99.99% of the pcdes tri:1ns mentioned, arc of the tax paying comm unit y . anrl th::~t it iR to th0~e f:flme pedf'striuns t. hn.t "M0tnri~t" is indebted for the priviiPge of m otoring ove r the st.rePts of Ag:'lna ~nrl thP roarls of t h e I sland. a nd, from t.he genPral tone of lVIotorist's r e mark~, we A.re of the opinion that llP, or shP, or t h ey, do not even p R-y the r0gnhr motor or drivers ' lice nse for using the said tax pn.y ers' st reets and rnn rls .

H owever, we agree that it would be a grPat. conven ie nce and wonlrl h e grea tly appreciated if f'idew:dks Wf'r<~ includ ed in the improvem c ntR of the st r0.ets of Agn.nn.. A c onv~niencc for th e pedec;;trians, and not for the motorists.

Motorist also r emarks that the instruction of sc hool children and the disposal of certain dogs will be discussed at a later date. It is suggested that if this correspondent cannot express himE elf or herself upon these subjects in le8s venomous re marks and in a more genial manner than h as been notf'd in the previous item , it would be better if they were left to be discussed b y a more competent pen.

ECONOMY PERSONIFIED "It is suggested that the members of the American colony and the Cabl e Station personn e l, turn in all calling cards to the Communi cation Office, where th e cn.rds will be sorted and retn rn e d to th e persons v.- ho se names appear t.hereo n."

The above suggC'stion recently ~ppeared in the local news columns of tl1e "Guam Eagle", and it is h e re reprinted to impress upon the minds of the yo nth of Gnnm an import~nf ks8on in economy, a ncl to prove to them that it is not always th e big things in life that counts , ancl that if the pennies arc saved the dollars will take care of themselves.

Guam printed c~lling cn rds cost two and t.hr ee cents each. depending upon the quantity ord e red, a nd they are nn extravagance that may just as well as not be used more than once.

PRINTING Calling Cards An nou ncem en ts Invitations D a nce Programs Pamphlets Circulars THE GUAM PRESS GENERAL JOB

PRINTING

Santa Claus arrives by Army Transport TheU. S. Army Transport "THOMAS", arrived at Guam November 23 rd , with Chri stmas prefents don a ted bv the vVestern Di\·ision of the Junior Red Cross, f~r each of the 3,750 school children of Gu am.

The school children memberc of the Junior Red Cross of C alifornia , Oregon, and vVasbington h ave for f'everal ye ars been •ending the Guam school chilc1ren snfficiE·nt Christma s packa g es so that each child attending school receives one containing to ys and ot her useful articles.

This is a very commendable sp irit and is most gracio nsly appreciated by the people of Guam as weJl as h v the children themselves who in m a n y cases would not otherwise be remembered at thi s season;

THE GUAM RECORDER

DECEMBER 192 7

Births

NOTICES AG.ANA

Special Cable Rates to Un ited States And Canada at Christmas and New Year A spec ia l Christmas a nd New Year Greeting se rvic e will be in effec t from Guam to UHitecl St a t es an d C a n ada during the Yu l e t ide seaso n.

M e::;sag es wri tten in th e p l a in languages at p re s ent authorized for d e f err ed m es~a£· es, i!1 cln d in g Chinese four figure la n g u age, and be a ri ng the in d icator "XLP" as the first word in the acldre:::s , m ay be accep te d up to D ecember 30t h , a t th e follO'\Yin g mtes per ·word: From Guam to Sa n F !. an cisco ___ _ ____ _ ___ . 161/tl. cents per w o r cl C .1l if o r n i a ( o t 11 e r offices) ___ 1 71/tl. '' ~~ Colorado, etc. __ __ .. . _ ____ _ 181/tl.

Illinoi s, .e tc. __ ___ _ ________ l 91/tl.

New York, etc. ___ ____ ___ __ 201/tl.

British Columbia, 1st Zone _ 1~1/tl. l\ [ani t o ba ____ __ _ _____ __ __ _ 191/tl.

Ontario, etc . _____ __ __ ____ 201_4 New F o un d 1a nd ____ __ _ ____2 2 1_4 l

THE M I NDIU:vr WORDS .

CaA R GE

I.N

F,AC II

'

C J..SI •: WILl, DE

'I'E~

Pe rsonal Tax Due This Month " \J\ 7 hen the pe r so nal t ax becomes delin(]uent, on Janu a ry 1st., a cl el in(]u ency pe n a lt y of o ne dolbr sha ll be added to it. A person who fails to pay his p~rsonJ. l t ax a nd de linqu e nc y pennlty t her eo n by 1 M l.Y next followin g sha ll be snbject t o p ro sec utirn f or mi sde m eano r pu ni s ha b le acco rdin g t o a rticle 574 paragraph 5 of the Penal C ode . "

TAXES ON REAL STATE DUE The Second Installment of Real Estate Ta xes Due This Month Parag raph 18, P 2ge 5, of "ORDER S AND REGL'LA TIO~S'' s t a t e as fo ll o '\Y s; ·Th e tctx on real esta te s h a ll be r ecei ,·able at the bland Tre asu r y in two in s tallments , if o y er $ 5 .00 The first h alf on or beforE: th e thirt y -firs t of Jul y (cove rin g per iod 1 , Jul y, 31 December ) , a nd the seconcl h a lf o n o r befo r e the thirt v -fir s t of J an u a r y (cove rin g perio d 1 , January, 30, J~1 n e), ye a rly.

VITAL STATISTICS From October 11, To November 25, 1927 Male Female

Total

Birth s 38 40 7S 1 -1 D eaths 16 30 ---------------------------------------fn c r ea::;c Pnpu1at.ion 24 48 Totnl Pl)J1Ubtion to d: l1 e 17, 686 Marri:lgcs from Jul y 1927 52

Marriages J es us D Q :li ntn,ni !la-Lu c ia C. Santos Ag-nna Jo se P. L eo n Gu c rrero -Jn ana B . Bl:1s " E· lti :trdo S . Unr.nngco -~T nr ia Q. Q11ich cc ll0 " Martin H:1ns0.n - Carmen C . ~lc>ndiola S nmny Jn:1. rtt iin R. Ch:1co -As uncion C . Sa n tos Agat

F . C.

Char faur os -~Ii!ngro

239

C. Aguigui

"

J ose and Ana S. N. Carnacllo, a so n Frnn c isco .

Antou io and Ste l la P. F e r t z, a d a 11ghte r El izabeth .

Ni eol as and Maria Baudm T ow·s , a Eo n Alfred .

A l bert and A~ u nc i o n R . Ma nl ey ,a daught"erJosefina. .Josefa Du en a s Cr isos t omo , n daughte r ~J:uin.

Francisco an d l\Iari a C . Pa l omo, 2 so n FranciEco. Vicente and A n a ~1. P nngc lin nn , a son Alfon so . l\l a ri ano and Lni ~ a '1'. Cruz , a daughter Leonorn.

J es u s and J o:1qu i r,a B . S !1 iy amn , a daughter Ursu la.

1\Lwue l <Lnd L u if'!a :\1. Fmnquez , a chug h ter Cecil in:.

S<Lilt iago nnJ Car idncl L.G . Borja,a daug h te r J osefn .

J es u s an(l CaPlJen :\l. Sig u e nza, a daugh t e r Carmen .

J es u s and An t o lli:l C. Taij e ro n, a da ughte r Ha.mona.

Ramon and Ana Snntos L nguana , a so n Felix.

Gregor io n nd E lena F. G u e varn, a claug h t e r Hos nrio.

R:.tmon and T'o m asa S. Q ui ehocho , a son T eodoro .

Juan and T e r esa Cr uz l\f e n dio la , a son J es us.

Vi ce n te and Rem ed io C.Fe ja ran g,a da u gh t e r l\Iarin.

Anton io an d As u nc io n Concepcio n Cruz, (tYri n ) dallghle rs Quintina a 11 cl Rita.

J ose and Ana ~! rt nibu s[l.n Camac h o , a so n J es u s .

Lui:; and Ro srt Gut ie rrez Bautista., a Eo n Jose .

Anton i:t San Ag u s t in Snn Ag u sti n, a son Jose. l\faria Napuli ~I eno, a daughter Isab el Maria. .Junn and Ros:-t D el gndo Sn n K'icolas, a son Artur o.

A 11 ton io nnd I1itn Lujnn G um atao ta o , a so n Carlos .

Crist in a Barc in ns Rob e rt o, a da u ghte r .Ann. l\lanu e l a.nd Concrpc ion J. Pnblo, a son Vicente.

Jt 1:1.n and Jonl1uina C. C:~mnclw, n dnught e r Ti osn ri o .

F ran cisco nnd Joaqnina I. Snn Nicola s , a dnughtcr S il via .

J{nsa G ue rre r o Cruz, n son Jes u s .

F e lip e and N ico h sa.S . A .S ignr.nza,a dnughter Marin. .Jesus n.nd Consolac i o n l\1. 1\J e::::-t , a daughter I r:< nbf:'l.

G regorio and Enri q n et a G ll eYara P e r ez , a daugbU r Cec i Ji ~t E '·el i nn .

F ra nc isco nnd Tiitn ~1. U nri ngco , a so n Jo se ph.

J es u s and :\'Ta ri n {Tntnl<111 T o rrf's , a so n Antonio.

Cha rl csa nd Ruth V.O r tmnn,ncl:Lug ht e r~ancyJean.

Lni s and R ern edi o C. Castro, a so n Franci sco .

Franc isco nncl ~ f n ri a C. Chn r g u nlnf, n t=on Ca rl os. .T<'s us and ~T arin Gn rri do Frnnqn ez , a son JeEus. A n ton io nnrl Roletlad Ir i a rt e S nntos, n son Jose. :\far. n el nncl An:i Q. ~In tnnane, :'1. daL1g l1ter Lourdes.

J ose nncl So l e<l:1cl Bins O e l1i:1i , a so n Junn.

J oaq uin and 1\h•r ce d cs Flores Untnlnn , u da u g hter E li zn.hei;h Virgin ia . .Jesus n.nd Con cr peion D . P e r ez , a daughter E l e na l\f nrgnritn . . .T l) s e a n cl Cons o 1n ci o n Y . Cruz , a. d aug h t e r Abe 1m a .

J o~e a n d A n tonin r: . \'i1lng 0 n; o:, a so n Cn rl os . .T n m es and Poten c innn F . Nel s on, :-t so n Jnmes EnrJ. J esns nncl Ampn rnC . L .G n e rr e ro, a dnught e r~Ja ria.

P<~clr o nncl j}arin P . Acin, a daught e r In es Mn ri a. ~,·fanu e l nn cl ~T :u i n L . G. T cc h ni ra , a so n Greg o ri o.

Je. ·us and Irene Lujan Pnlom o , a so n Joaquin.

Anton io ancl l\ Ta ri a S . K. Fujikn\rn, a da u gl1t e r .M nr eeln.

C . G . Pa.rkcr and Nan cy C urr y Park e r, a daughter P:tt.ric ia Ann e .

Feli x and I gr:acia Tud ela J es u :: , a EOn Gregorio.