Editor: M. Franklin
IGA Newsletter 2020
February 2021
IGA NEWSLETTER 2020 Welcome to the IGA Newsletter, looking back on 2020. To say the least, the past year has been exceptional, due to the restrictions caused by the Covid-19 Pandemic. The planned field trip to Belgium and most of our other field trips had to be cancelled and our lectures moved online, delivered via Zoom. However, we did manage to have two real field trips in the Autumn, while travel restrictions were eased, though with limited numbers. The first was to Kiltorcan Quarry, in County Kilkenny and the second was the annual Peter Lewis Memorial Gold Panning Experience, which this year was held in Knocksink Wood, in Co. Wicklow. These field trips are reported inside. Apart from the lectures, we were also able to hold an online quiz, hold Members’ Nights and do some virtual ‘Show and Tell’ sessions. The outreach Geology week in Portlaoise library was held in January, before we were hit by the pandemic. In this issue, we also report on the Jubilee Concert, held in Nov. 2019, to mark the IGA Jubilee Year, as it was not included in the last issue of the newsletter. We also include a report on two other events from 2019, also not included in that newsletter: the visit to Dundrum Town Centre and the Geology exhibition held at Athlone Public Library. We also share with you our plans for the coming year. In a bid to become more environmentally friendly, the previous issue of our IGA Newsletter (No. 2 of 2019) was the last to be sent to our members in hard copy. From now on, the Newsletter will be published in electronic format only and circulated to all of our members by email. While restrictions remain in place, we will continue to have online lectures. As soon as it is deemed safe to do so, we hope to go on field trips again. .Take care and stay safe everyone! Margaret Franklin, Editor. Note: Any material (text and photos) not otherwise credited, have been provided by the editor.
In This Issue
Page
A Message from our President, Michele Castiaux ………………………………………….
2
On the trail of Ancient Volcanoes ……………………………………………………………
2
Diamond Jubilee Concert (November 2019) ……………………………………………….
3
Report on the Dimension Stones at Dundrum Town Centre ………………………….…
6
Exhibitions in Public Libraries (2019 & 2020) …………………………………………….
8
Field Trips 2020 (Kiltorcan Quarry & Gold panning in Knocksink Wood) ……………
10
Summary of Events held in 2020 & Tentative Programme for 2021 …………………..
12
The IGA Committee ……………………………………………………………………….
14
Page 1
Editor: M. Franklin
IGA Newsletter 2020
February 2021
Dear IGA member, I am delighted to see that the newsletter is back on track and I would like to sincerely thank Margaret Franklin for her enthusiasm and, once we decided that she would be in charge of it, her promptness at getting this 2020 newsletter out, with, I believe, a newsletter for 2021 on the way! Yes, 2020 has been a strange and tough year for many, but hopefully the IGA managed to distract you somewhat from the hardship. A big change for all of us was to move most events online and this would not have happened so smoothly without Laura Smith, so my sincere thanks to her. Laura and Patrick Roycroft managed to put together a fabulous lectures programme which was varied and attracted participants from all over Ireland and further afield, well done to them! Once we return back to “face to face” lectures, we are hoping to keep our lectures online to allow members from further afield to join in. Field trips were a bit of a tricky one and hats off to Howard Fox, Maria Cullen and Frank Clissmann for organising them while keeping up with the ever changing Covid-19 restrictions. I want to say special thanks to our treasurer, Dan O’Shea, who has been working tirelessly for the IGA as far as I can remember. Dan was our excursions officer before being our treasurer and he has kept the IGA on financial tracks for many years. Dan has decided to step down from his position at the next AGM on March 31st and I would like to offer him the sincere gratitude of the IGA! Of course, I am not forgetting the rest of the committee who are working in the background to keep the IGA the dynamic association that it is. There are many cogs to the functioning of our organisation and they play an essential role too, if not as obvious. Thank you, Frank Clissmann, Niall Reenan, Daniel O’Connell, Margaret Franklin, Tom McGoldrick, Patrycja Struzynska and Bettie Higgs for all your input over this year. Finally, as it is my last few weeks as President of the IGA, I want to thank you all for your support. In 1997, when I flew from Belgium to Ireland to do my geological mapping in Connemara, I never thought that, 24 years later, I would have the honour to serve as President of the Irish Geological Association. It has been a truly satisfying and enriching experience to work and spend time with so many great people. Even if, at times, I may have gained a few more grey hairs, I am extremely grateful for the adventure it has been.
On the Trail of Ancient Volcanoes During the summer of 2020, some of our members decided to check out two of Ireland’s extinct volcanoes. While it was not an official IGA excursion, Michele and Margaret, with a few friends, visited Croghan Hill in Co. Offaly. This is a grass covered hill, with very little rock exposed. However, we managed to collect a few rock specimens, which are shown in the photograph on the left.
Left: Rock Samples from Croghan Hill; Right: Rock Samples from Vinegar Hill.
Margaret also collected samples from Vinegar Hill, an extinct volcano overlooking her home town of Enniscorthy, where there is a prominent outcrop of rhyolite. It is hoped to have a field trip there later this year, when circumstances allow.
Photo: Editor Page 2
Editor: M. Franklin
IGA Newsletter 2020
February 2021
IGA Diamond Jubilee Concert Friday, 22 November 2019, 19:30, at Luther Haus, Adelaide Road, Dublin 2
This concert was one of the highlights of the year and a fitting way for the IGA to celebrate its Diamond Jubilee. Here are some programme notes, to remind those who attended and to inform those who missed it. Welcome and Introduction from Laura Smith. Laura is a UCD graduate and has been with the IGA for over 10 years. She has held various committee positions including President (2012-2014). She works in the Minerals department at the GSI and has worked as a Geophysicist with Tullow Oil. She was our MC for the evening. Maria Cullen. Maria has a degree in geology from TCD and has been involved in numerous geological, botanical, environmental and genetic studies ever since. She is a former President of the IGA and is much involved in singing and vocal groups. Maria entertained us with some vocal solos with a geological theme. Vocal Solo: Lament for the Trilobites by Prof. Nigel Hughes (University of California, Riverside), The Twelve Days of Geological Christmas (Based on a Traditional Christmas Carol)
John Walsh Professor of Geology at UCD. John did his undergraduate in UCD, PhD in Galway and research in Liverpool University before coming back to UCD. His geological speciality is in the analysis of faults and he is a founding director of the Irish Centre for Research in Applied Geosciences (iCRAG). He has been awarded the prestigious William Smith Medal from the Geological Society of London and a Gold Medal from the Royal Irish Academy. Tin whistle solo: Traditional Irish Airs. Page 3
Editor: M. Franklin
IGA Newsletter 2020
February 2021
Margaret Franklin: Retired chemistry lecturer & IGA Committee member. Margaret was a Senior Lecturer in chemistry at the Athlone Institute of Technology and a former President of the Institute of Chemistry of Ireland (2015–2017). She is passionate about communicating science to the public, and she has deep musical roots. She recited a poem and sang two vocal numbers.
The Ballad of Ireland’s Rocks – Margaret Franklin. An original geological poem, written by a chemist. The Elements – Tom Lehrer. This piece is included to mark the International Year of the Periodic Table 2019. It is a skilful musical arrangement, written in 1959, naming all the elements of the periodic table up to number 102, sung to a tune from The Pirates of Penzance by Gilbert and Sullivan.
Good People All, This Christmas Time – A traditional carol from Co. Wexford. Margaret’s grandfather was W.H. Grattan Flood, organist of Enniscorthy Cathedral (1895 - 1928), who collected this carol from a traditional singer in County Wexford and arranged it for choir and organ accompaniment.
The Enducon Trio: Andrew Enright, tuba; Gilles Dupouy, piano; Raymond Conlin, clarinet. All three are students at NUI Galway. Andrew (Tuba) is a final year Earth and Ocean Science student. This ensemble met through the NUIG Orchestra Society and often play for different events within the campus. Salut d’Amore – Edward Elgar. Key: B flat major. A classical piece, also known as Liebesgruß (“Loves Greeting”). Composed in 1888 and presented as an engagement present to the author Caroline Alice Roberts. Tico-Tico No Fubá – Zequinha de Abreu. Key: A minor. The piece, written in 1917, is a classic of the Brazilian Choro style, and the title translates from the Portuguese as “Sparrow in the Cornmeal”. Vamo’ Alla Flamenco – Nobuo Uematsu. Uematsu is a Japanese composer (born 1959) who specialises in video game music. This piece translates as “Let’s Go, Flamenco” – an idiom from southern Spain – and was written in about 1999 as part of the video game music for Final Fantasy 9 (released in July 2000).
Eamonn Kelly: Eamonn is a geological draughtsman at the SLR geological consultancy firm. In his spare time, he plays in a traditional Irish group.
Flute solo: Anach Cuain – Traditional melody. This song describes the tragedy of the sinking of the small boat Caisleán Nua on 28 September 1828 in the River Corrib (County Galway) with the loss of 19 lives. The remains of the boat were finally discovered in 1978.
Patrick Roycroft Editorial staff of Elements; Editor of Irish Lives Remembered; Staff Genealogist at the Irish Family History Centre (Dublin); IGA Committee. Patrick currently has experience in geology, editing and genealogy, is a former President of the IGA and has had an interest in music since childhood.
Piano solo
Coventry Carol – Medieval carol (1591). This carol is about the biblical Massacre of the Innocents, in which mothers sing a lullaby to comfort their male babies who are soon to be slaughtered by King Herod’s army.
Solfegietto – CPE Bach. The great Johann Sebastian Bach had two wives and some 20 children, most of whom died young but of those that survived to adulthood were musical: Carl Philip Emmanuel is child number five. The Solfegietto is probably his most played work.
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Editor: M. Franklin
IGA Newsletter 2020
February 2021
Patrick Royceoft’s recital (continued) Prelude in C# minor (op.3 no 2) – Sergei Rachmaninov. Written in 1892 when Rachmaninov was 19, this short prelude is one of his most famous pieces and is thought to have been inspired by Russian bells. It is written in a three-part form and demands a huge dynamic range, from ppp to a massive sffff. Brain Damage/Eclipse – From the legendary 1973 progressive rock concept album “Dark Side of the Moon” by Pink Floyd. Key: D major. This part of the concept deals with mental illness, possibly inspired by the breakdown of original band member Syd Barrett in the late 1960s.
Patrick Joseph (PJ) Walls - Patrick is a retired dermatologist with qualifications from the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland and the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland. He is a very keen naturalist and a long-time supporter of the IGA.
Vocal solo I Wandered Today to the Hills Maggie – George W. Johnson. This song was written in 1866 near Hamilton (Ontario, Canada) about the passing of George’s wife, Maggie Clark.
Loves Old Sweet Song – C. C. Bingham and James L. Molloy. A popular Victorian parlour song, written around 1884, and sung by the character of Molly Bloom in James Joyce’s magisterial Ulysses. FINALE: Eamonn Kelly - SLR Consulting A selection of Irish traditional reels and jigs.
The Concert was followed by refreshments and good conversation, enjoyed by all.
Concert Performers: Top (L.to R.): M. Franklin, Maria Cullen, J. Walsh, Laura Smith. Bottom (L to R) : Eamonn Kelly, The Enducon Trio, Patrick Roycroft, P.J. Walls. Collage credit: Laura Smith
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Editor: M. Franklin
IGA Newsletter 2020
February 2021
Report on IGA Field Trip to Dundrum Town Centre Shopping Mall
Date: 14th August, 2019
This field trip needed neither rain gear nor hiking boots! Expertly led by Susan Pyne, its purpose was to examine the beautiful dimension stones that pave the shopping mall on different levels, inside the Dundrum Town Centre development. This shopping mall was opened in 2005 and the polished paving slabs have been sourced from such faraway places as South Africa and the Himalayas. They provide examples of the three main types of rock: igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary. Dimension stones in Dundrum Town Centre The first location visited was on Level 3, where the floor of the mall is paved with a type of GNEISS. Susan explained that this is a metamorphic rock, formed when the original igneous rock was subjected to heat and great pressure. The polished stone shows bands of pink material, alternating with darker bands, which are almost black. The crystals are aligned in particular directions, caused by the pressure to which they were subjected. Tiny garnet crystals are present.This stone probably came from South Africa. (See Photo on the right:)
Gneiss from South Next, we descended to Level 1, to examine a green polished stone, which, Susan told us, originated deep within the Earth’s mantle as PERIDOTITE. The main mineral present is OLIVINE, which is a silicate of magnesium and/or iron. It contains individual SiO44- ions, whose charge may be balanced by two Fe2+ ions, or two Mg2+ ions, or both. In fact, olivine forms a solid solution whose composition ranges from Fe2SiO4 to FeMgSiO4 to Mg2SiO4 and everything in between. Being rich in magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe), it is classified by geologists as a mafic material. In this particular stone, the original olivine has been weathered by contact with water, to form SERPENTINE. In addition, the rock has become broken up into sharp pieces and then cemented together to form a type of BRECCIA. Builders refer to this polished stone as serpentine ‘marble’, but in fact it is not really marble as a geologist would understand the term.
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Serpentine Breccia
Editor: M. Franklin
IGA Newsletter 2020
February 2021
Report on trip to Dundrum Town Centre (Continued from page 6) The third location we visited on this field trip was back on Level 3 again, where we saw a paler coloured gneiss, with veins containing granitic material and black crystals of tourmaline. A most interesting dimension stone that we examined on this field excursion was the creamcoloured polished LIMESTONE, which came from Germany. This is an example of sedimentary rock, evident from the many fossils it contained. There were also similar limestone slabs with a pale grey colour. The fossils included ammonites, belemnites and corals and these fossils indicate that the sediments were laid down during the Jurassic period. The rocks show some iron staining, because the limestone has traces of hematite. In fact, shiny pieces of specular (mirror – like) hematite could be seen in places.
Cream coloured limestone, alternating with grey limestone slabs
Belemnite fossil in limestone,
Finally, we examined an example of an igneous rock. This was PEGMATITE, a rock similar in composition to granite, but which cooled extremely slowly, allowing large crystals to grow. We could see well-formed crystals of pink monoclinic feldspar, colourless quartz, as well as black crystals, which may be biotite. Susan told us that this rock probably came from the Himalaya mountains.
Pegmatite from the Himalaya Mts.
This trip was a real eye-opener for us; no doubt, the next time we go shopping, we will pay more attention to what is under our feet, rather than to what is displayed in the shop windows. It was very well attended and judging by the lengthy discussions at each location, evoked great interest among the group. On behalf of all of us who participated, I should like to thank Susan Pyne for her comprehensive and fascinating explanation of the geological origin of these dimension stones and for her patience in answering all of our many questions.
Report (including photos) by Margaret Franklin
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Editor: M. Franklin
IGA Newsletter 2020
February 2021
OUTREACH EXHIBITIONS in PUBLIC LIBRARIES 2019 -2020 To mark the IGA Diamond Jubilee year, exhibitions of rocks and minerals were held in two local libraries in the Midlands, as outreach events for the general public. The first was held in Athlone, October 10th - 17th 2019, while the second was held at Portlaoise in January 2020.
The exhibit at Athlone Library
About half of all the items show in Athlone came from the rock and mineral collection at Athlone Institute of Technology. These included a selection of samples of galena and sphalerite from the Navan lead/zinc mine, as well as a core of the limestone bedrock with a vein of sphalerite in it. There was a lovely stone of Galway granite, which had been split, to show large crystals of K-feldspar inside, as well as many beautiful mineral specimens, such as calcite (with double refraction) gypsum, talc, rose quartz and aragonite. The IGA wishes to thank the Faculty of Engineering at AIT for the loan of these specimens and in particular, Geology lecturer Stephen Harney for his help and for making himself available to answer questions in the library on the final day of the exhibition.
The other Specimens on display were from the personal collection of IGA committee member Margaret Franklin, who had collected them on various field trips organised by the IGA. They included samples of volcanic rocks from the Aeolian islands, sedimentary rocks and fossils from the Jurassic Coast (in the south fo England) as well as metamorphic rocks and evaporites from the Greek island of Crete.
The exhibit attracted great interest from visitors to the library during the week. We would like to thank the chief libraryan and staff at Athlone Public Library for facilitating this exhibition. Igneous rocks on display in Athlone
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Editor: M. Franklin
IGA Newsletter 2020
February 2021
Geology Week in Portlaoise Library (21st -25th January 2020 Report and photos by Michele Castiaux
During the course of the week, Michele Castiaux did three children’s geology workshops, the first one on the 21st and two on 24th January (“Rock Detective”). The feedback from teachers and children were excellent. Frank Clissmann and Susan Pyne kindly volunteered to join Michele on Saturday 25th January for a day of rock identification in the library. They also brought a fantastic range of minerals and fossils to display with Michele’s rock collection. People from the local area were invited to bring some samples for identification. There was huge interest from children and adults visiting the library. Thanks to the library’s excellent advertisement, the turnout was amazing. It was inspiring and encouraging to see such interest in Geology by young and old.
Susan Pyne, Frank Clissmann & Michele Castiaux at Geology week in Portlaoise Library
We are looking forward to doing more library events in the not too distant future. If any member is interested in organising a similar event in their local library, please let us know at info@geology.ie
Frank Clissmann answering questions and helping children to identify rocks
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Editor: M. Franklin
IGA Newsletter 2020
February 2021
Field Trip to Kiltorcan Quarry, Co. Kilkenny Report & photos by M. Franklin
Following a successful excursion to this quarry in 2018, the IGA returned there in September 2020, but this time with the number of participants limited to 15, due to the Covid-19 restrictions. It was greatly appreciated by those lucky enough to be able to take part. The trip was led by Maria Cullen, who explained that this low sandstone ridge dates from the Devonian period. The quarry is owned by the O’Neill family of Ballyhale, Co. Kilkenny. The stone is rather brittle, but comes in different colours and is mainly used as ornamental dressing for parks and gardens. It contains some interesting plant fossils, as well as beautiful manganese dentrites, created by bacterial action.
Above: Part of the quarry at Kiltorcan
The quarry is in a very scenic location, offering panoramic views of the
Left: Maria Cullen, explaining the origin of the sandstone at Kiltorcan Right: An example of manganese dendrites, found in the quarry
Below, members of the group searching for fossils, while enjoying the beautiful views.
Page 10
Editor: M. Franklin
IGA Newsletter 2020
February 2021
Peter Lewis Memorial Gold Panning Trip to the Glencullen River, Knocksink, Co. Dublin, with Frank Clissmann (IGA) - 12th September 2020. Report and photos by Michèle Castiaux.
As always, the sun shone for the Peter Lewis Memorial Gold Panning event. This year, Frank Clissmann (IGA committee) had kindly agreed to organise and lead the trip and he was perfect for the job! Due to Covid-19 restrictions, we had to limit the group size to 15, even though this is usually our most popular event. Above: Michele trying her hand at gold panning We gathered on that Sunday morning around 10am, as Knocksink is a popular walking spot and parking places are limited, as we quickly found out! It is however an ideal spot for gold panning as the river at that location is low and wide and only a short easy walk from the car park. Frank had brought all the gold panning equipment, generously lent to us by the Geological Survey Ireland. Once we all reached the Glencullen river, we spread out around Frank, who gave us a demonstration of his gold panning technique. I couldn’t help but notice that it was slightly different from the technique shown to us by our previous gold panning expert, Gerry Stanley, which shows that every specialist has their own “tips and tricks”! Frank in action Afterwards, we all found a spot and tried to find gold with our gold pans. As we were practising, Frank found a comfortable place from where he could demonstrate to each family group how to find gold with a real piece of gold that he dropped in the pan! See lower picture on the right: This was my first time seeing it so clearly (the piece of gold was larger than what we usually find) and it was a demonstration that I will always remember. Later on, we had lunch then we continued to look for gold for quite some time. Around 2pm, some participants started to leave and, even though the Belton family would have stayed until daylight was gone, we had to resign ourselves to go home empty handed. We did however all enjoy a beautiful day and although we did not find gold, we all enjoyed the thrill of the search and caught a touch of gold fever. See photo on the left. Many thanks to Frank for his patience and generosity, many thanks to the GSI and Park Ranger Andrea Webb (NPWS) for their support. Page 11
Editor: M. Franklin
IGA Newsletter 2020
February 2021
Review of Events organised by the IGA in 2020 The year started as planned, with an exhibition of rocks and minerals on display at at the Public Library in Portlaoise. This was an outreach event, aimed at raising awareness, among of the general public, that Geology is all around us. It was curated by Michele Castiaux, assisted by Frank Clissmann and Susan Pyne. The events planned for February (a lecture by Peter Coxon of TCD and a visit to the Boliden mine at Navan) went ahead also, even though the Covid-19 virus had reached our shores es. However, by mid March, the virus had been declared a global Pandemic. As a result, there were severe restrictions on travel and gatherings of any kind. Sadly, the events planned for March had to be cancelled or postponed. This was a huge disappointment, as the field trip to Belgium had to be cancelled. No events were held during the months of March or April. However, by June, the IGA was up and running again, with most events held virtually. The table below is a summary of the year’s activities.
Table of IGA EVENTS held in 2020 MONTH
EVENT
January 2020
Geology Week in Portlaoise Library with Michele Castiaux (Outreach Event)
February 2020
Lecture by Pete Coxon (TCD) Day excursion to Boliden Mine, Navan
March 2020
Lecture by Amy Dugdale (NUI Maynooth) had to be postponed Planned 4-day Field Trip to Belgium was cancelled
June 2020
Re-scheduled lecture by Amy Dugdale (NUI Maynooth) was held on Zoom
July 2020
AGM was held on Zoom Virtual Show & Tell
August 2020
Virtual Show & Tell
September 2020
Field Trip to Kiltorcan, Co. Kilkenny, led by Maria Cullen (IGA) and Dan O’Neill (quarry owner) IGA Peter Lewis Memorial Gold panning trp to Knocksink Wood with Frank Clissmann Dr. William Foster (UCD) Lecture delivered on Zoom
October 2020
Lecture by Dr. Juan Diego Rodriguez Blanco (TCD) on Zoom
November 2020
Lecture by Dr. Michael J. Stock (TCD) on Zoom. Three lectures by Dr. Ian Sanders (TCD) on ‘Rocks used by our Ancestors’ via Zoom (3 of 4)
December 2020
4th & Final Lecture by Dr. Ian Sanders (TCD) on ‘Rocks used by our Ancestors’, via Zoom. Lecture by Dr. Kate Kiseeva (UCC) on Zoom. Virtual Members Night, with quiz from Quizmaster Frank Clissmann. Du Noyer Awards
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Editor: M. Franklin
IGA Newsletter 2020
February 2021
Programme for 2021 Our Programme of online events is already under way. In January, a lecture was given by Dr. Chris Standish, of the University of Southampton. This dealt with the source of gold artefacts found in archaeological sites in Britain and Ireland and was jointly organised by the CGA, IGA and GGA. In February, the IGA hosted a zoom lecture given by Dr. Robin Edwards of TCD on sea level rise. The remaining online events that have been planned are given in the table below.
Forthcoming Events Planned: All will be held online, via zoom March 2021
■
Isabel O'Brien (Open University graduate and IGA stalwart) on geohazards associated with the Campei Flegrei volcanic field in Italy, 10th AGM, 31st
April 2021
■
Jennifer Scully (NASA) on Planetary Geology, 14th
May 2021
■
Bill Sheppard on Geology and Medieval Irish History, 12th
June 2021
■ ■ ■
Ed Jarvis (UCC) on Mary Anning, 23rd Members’ Night Show and Tell (TBC)
■
It is hoped to have field trips and other events as soon as COVID-19 restrictions ease up. Possible field trips are: ▪ Weekend Workshop on Geo-microbiology at Miner's Centre, Glendalough with leaders Maria Cullen & Howard Fox (OPW) in Association with National Parks and Wildlife Service ▪ Weekend Excursion to Bere Island and Allihies, Co. Cork ▪ Day Excursion to Lough Bane, White Lough, Fore area, Co. Westmeath ▪ Day Excursion to Co. Wexford, to include Vinegar Hill (an extinct volcano) ▪ Goldpanning Day Excursion in memory of Peter Lewis Please visit our website and social media for more details: Website: h*p://geology.ie/ Facebook: h*ps://m.facebook.com/IrishGeoAssoc/ Instagram: h*ps://www.instagram.com/irishgeological/ Page 13
Editor: M. Franklin
IGA Newsletter 2020
February 2021
IGA COUNCIL MEMBERS 2020
PRESIDENT
VICE PRESIDENT
Michele Castiaux
Maria Cullen
TREASURER Dan O’Shea
EXCURSIONS Howard Fox
VICE PRESIDENT
MEMBERSHIP
WEBMASTER
Laura Smith
Frank Clissmann
Niall Reenan
CORK REP.
ORDINARY MEMBER
Bettie Higgs
Patrick Royceoft
ORDINARY MEMBER Tom McGoldrick
MINUTES SEC. Daniel O’Connell
STUDENT REP. Patrycza Struzynska
ORDINARY MEMBER Margaret Franklin
To get in touch with any of us, please email info@geology.ie Page 14
