MARI A GI UDI TTA NE RL A
PORT FO L IO 2018
CO N T A CT
Maria Giuditta Nerla mariagiuditta.nerla@gmail.com +39 3403415643 Via Degli Angeli 34, Bologna, 40124, Italy
M.G.Nerla | i
BRI EF CV YEAR Oct 2017- today
Sep 2017 - today
Jan 2017 - Apr 2017
Mar 2015 - Apr 2015
Dec 2014 - Sep 2015
EXPERIENCE Research fellow at CIRI-EC Interdepartmental Research Center for building & construction University of Bologna, Italy Teaching Assistant at A3 course Architecture & Arch. Design 3 University of Bologna, Italy Architecture Intern at LAVA Laboratory for Visionary Architecture Berlin, Germany Energy Intern at DIN Research Lab Department of Industrial Engineering University of Bologna, Italy International Students Tutor University of Bologna, Italy EDUCATION
YEASep 2009 - Dec 2016 Jan 2014 - May 2014
Oct 2017 ii | M.G.Nerla
MEng (Hons) in Building Engineering and Architecture University of Bologna, Italy - 1st class honours
PUBLICATIONS • ‘Composite technology and integrated energy and architectural design for a new students’ space’. Nerla, M.G., 2017 • • ‘Composite technology for an innovative students’ pavilion: energy, daylight analysis and a new concept of sustainability’. Nerla, M.G.; Garai, M.; Erioli, A., 2017
• ‘Modulated Corrugations by differential growth. Integrated FRP tectonics towards a new approach to sustainability, fusing architectural and energy design for a new students’ space.’ Nerla, M.G.; Erioli, A.; Garai, M., 2017
JTD 2017
Journal of Temporal Design
SET 2017
International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies
eCAADe 2017
International Conference on Education and research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe
IT SKILLS Programming: advanced Grasshopper, C#, good Python basic C# for Unity game engine; BIM : good Revit and Dynamo; 3D modelling &rendering: advanced Rhino, good AutoCad, Cinema4D, basic Blender; 2D graphics: advanced Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator; good InDesign, basic AfterEffects; Energy, daylight, CFD: advanced EnergyPlus, GH plug-ins Honeybee + Ladybug; good OpenFOAM and Radiance; • Structural FEM & form finding: advanced GH plug-ins Karamba and Kangaroo. Basic SAP2000.
• • • • •
Erasmus study University of Bradford, UK
LANGUAGES
ACHIEVEMENTS Licensed Civil Engineer Chamber of Engineers, Italy
• • • •
Italian - native English - C1 (IELTS Academic : score 7.0) German - beginner French - beginner
SUMMARY
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A CA D EM IC & R E SE A R CH PR O F ESSIO N A L CO M PU T A T IO N A L
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E N G IN E E R IN G A R CHIT E CT U R E Page 32
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M.G.Nerla | iii
Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics
Modulated Corrugations Integrated FRP tectonics
6 | M.G.Nerla
Location: Via Terracini, Bologna, Italy Year: 2015/16 Team: Maria Giuditta Nerla Type: Academic project - Master Thesis
M.G.Nerla | 7
Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics ABSTRACT: This Master Thesis research investigates the concept of `integrated tectonics’ as a new way of thinking sustainability in architecture, intended as an ecology of different, integrated factors which take part in a seamless designto-fabrication process. In particular, this new paradigm is applied to the design of a pavilion made of a fiber-reinforced (FRP) sandwich shell integrating multiple systems and performances. A differential growth algorithm mimicking cellular tissue development modulates energy and structural performance across the surface through ornamental features in the form of corrugated patterns. Iterative feedback simulations allow the exploration of the mutual relations connecting morphogenesis and performance distribution patterns at the architectural scale. A 1:2 scale prototype of a shell portion was fabricated to test material properties and production feasibility. CASE STUDY: The pavilion is designed to host students‘ spaces for the University of Bologna’s School of Engineering and Architecture. The chosen location is atop the existing building, giving function and purpose to an easily accessible yet unused terrace. The pavilion is shaped following general design principles of double curvature use for continuous surfaces and the necessary topology to accommodate flows and functional spaces. A differential growth algorithm inspired by cellular tissues is then developed in order to act on its external surface and create corrugation patterns. 8 | M.G.Nerla
OVERVIEW
TOP VIEW
Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics SCHEMATIC PROCESS OF GROWTH
DIAGRAM OF THE PROCESS WORKFLOW
DIFFERENTIAL GROWTH: This study is not meant to reproduce or emulate a specific biological process or morphology in terms of results. Instead, it aims to explore the relation between elementary behavioral principles at the basis of tissues growth and differentiation in general and the range of achievable ordered complexity in patterns and shapes. The final goal is to channel the potential these forms can offer to architectural applications, and, specifically, to the present case study. Before undergoing differentiation and acquiring specificity, tissue development always starts from the same set of simple rules. The environment plays a leading role in giving direction to the process through a feedback mechanism. Differential growth, in particular, is based on the idea that the parts forming a whole grow with heterogeneous patterns and rates, producing differentiated morphologies and arrangements, without any change occurring at the cell level. In the present case study, the starting point for the simulation is the pavilion outer shell surface, modelled as a triangular mesh. Each mesh vertex represents a cell in a tissue and, therefore, it can be considered as a sort of moving particle constrained to stay on the mesh itself. The growth is implemented through an iterative process articulated in two nested loops. The inner loop, called ‘β - Cycle’, allows the mesh to act as an elastic membrane and represents a basic relaxation process, driven by elastic and repulsive forces. The outer loop, called ‘α - Cycle’, selects and subdivides the mesh faces, according to a feedback mechanism, and feeds them to the ‘β - Cycle’. A variable number of both α and β cycles iterations leads to completely different growth processes. M.G.Nerla | 9
Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics INTEGRATION / PERFORMANCE: Aesthetic criteria, as well as energy and structural performance aspects, influence the corrugated patterns in a way that blurs the boundaries between performance and ornament. The feedback mechanism plays a fundamental role in driving the selection of mesh faces to be subdivided in the next iteration. This important step qualifies the growth process as ‘differential’. Selection is based on performance principles and design decisions. Those external influences are color-mapped on the pavilion outer shell mesh, creating different scalar fields which are used to assign specific values to each mesh face. Performance criteria aim to interpret and address real structural and energy problems previously detected through specific dedicated simulations. From the point of view of energy performance, simulations show that the most critical period for the pavilion is the hot season. For this reason, the first performance criterion included in the process is a whole year solar radiation analysis: faces with higher values of solar radiation are selected for subdivision. The aim is to introduce a distributed self-shading effect. From the structural point of view, preliminary analysis carried out with Grasshopper plug-in Karamba displays that excessive deformation is likely to occur on the thin composite shell, so faces in areas of high deformation are selected for subdivision. Here, the idea is to use the curvature activated by corrugations as local stiffening device. Moreover, in order to partially address the process with top-down design decisions, the outer surface of the pavilion is mapped with a specific distribution of ‘nutrients’. It is generated starting from flow lines, representing funcitional criteria, relationship with the exhisting building and, again, simulated structural principal stress lines. 10 | M.G.Nerla
Solar radiation Modulated corrugations Principal stresses
Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics VARIABILITY: The process outcomes show high variability depending on the chosen combination of values assigned to the different parameters. The figure shows how one of the resulting morphologies, taken as a benchmark with fixed parameters, can differentiate when one or two parameters change their values. Parameters such as ‘Nutrients Gradient’, ‘Min Face Area’ and ‘Neighbors selection’ belong to the feedback mechanism. The first one is related to the scalar field of nutrients assigned, whose values can change their distribution or can be inverted, as shown in the sample number 1, so that the highest value becomes the lowest and vice versa. In the benchmark, ‘Min Face area’ is variable between two values because it is different for each mesh face and based on the amount of solar radiation they received. Examples such as samples number 3 and 5 show what happens when this parameter gets a fixed value, respectively the minimum and the maximum. ‘Neighbors selection’ refers to the number of faces which can be selected around the points with highest concentration of nutrients, at each α - iteration. Parameters such as ‘β - Cycle’ and ‘Repulsion Strength’ belong to the relaxation process and affect, in turn, the number of iterations performed in the β - Cycle and the repulsive force strength. The resulting morphologies show interesting patterns that vaguely remind of biological distribution systems and branching. Different phases of growth are present at the same time on the shell, showing a wide range of possibilities and enabling smooth transition from flat to corrugated surface. M.G.Nerla | 11
Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics PROTOTYPE and FABRICATION: A small part of the pavilion shell is selected and adapted for fabrication. The idea is to test in a smaller scale and with a lower budget approximately the same workflow, techniques and know-how that can be used for the entire pavilion fabrication off-site. The chosen fabrication technique is well known and often used in the boat industry; in this case, hand lay-up is preferred to more advanced methods because of budget reasons. A scale of 1:2 is chosen for this prototype, resulting in a 0.6m x 1.2m fabricated panel. The prototype uses the same material system as the pavilion: an FRP sandwich, composed of two thin FRP laminates and a polyurethane (PUR) core of variable thickness in the middle. First, two MDF moulds are CNC milled and then the two skins are laminated. The laminates are made out of textile fibers and resin: in particular, carbon fiber (CFRP) has been used for the external laminate, while glass fiber (GFRP) is in the inner side of the sandwich. This system is extremely light and resistant, it is load bearing and thermal insulating. Moreover, electrical systems, part of drainage and conditioning pipework is integrated inside the PUR core, as well as a LED lighting system. The latter is placed adjacent to the GFRP laminate, exploiting their typical translucency to create a glare effect in the evening hours.
FABRICATED PROTOTYPE and EXPLODED VIEW
Thickness 2.93 cm
8.62 cm
12 | M.G.Nerla
Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics FABRICATION PROCESS
1.
4.
2.
3.
5.
6.
M.G.Nerla | 13
Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics ENERGY & DAYLIGHT: Energy simulations have been carried out with EnergyPlus V8.4. The well insulated sandwich shell shows a really good thermal performance in winter. Nontheless, the highly solar exposed location, as well as the lightweight FRP construction system with low thermal inertia results in problems during the hot season. That is why the overall pavilion design aims to minimize cooling loads in summer, while maximizing daylight autonomy and solar gains in winter. A ventilation system capable of refrigerating during the night is developed in parallel to a VRF system with heat pump, which is completely autonomous from the existing building. Operative temperature and comfort is evaluated for different periods of the year and results are displayed on maps. Total yearly energy consumption is 24.1 KWh/ m2 for heating and 34.4 KWh/m2 for cooling. Daylight results show that the pavilion has excellent Daylight Autonomy (DLA) and that glare is effectively avoided.
ENERGY SIMULATION MODEL
TEMPERATURES
ENERGY LOADS
DAYLIGHT RESULTS
14 | M.G.Nerla
Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics
M.G.Nerla | 15
Impleo - The Inverted Monument
Impleo
The Inverted Monument
16 | M.G.Nerla
Location: Saint Macaire, France Year: 2014/15 Team: Maria Giuditta Nerla, Francesca Di Nocco, Leonardo di Chiara Type: Academic project - Architectural Composition 3 (A3)
M.G.Nerla | 17
Impleo - The Inverted Monument
ITERATIVE GENERATION
CONTEXT: This project aims to reuse a dismissed central area in St. Macaire: a small, historical town in France. Site analysis shows that both tourism and sport tourism are important assets for the town.
3d domain z0
z1=z0n
z2=z1n
z3=z2n
z4=z3n
IDEA: Our idea is to enhance existing sport tourism routes passing through St. Macaire and make this space become a new, mixed-use point of interest where tourists can stop, stay, possibly repair their bikes or canoes, and enjoy the town. INVERTED MONUMENT: On the other hand, the design is based on the idea of “The Inverted Monument”, inspired by Kokkugia’ s “Babiy Yar Memorial”:
“Project reconsiders the monument as object, instead positing the formation of an immersive space [...] rich with intricate detail, reflecting the culmination of individual differences within a multitude.”
boundary isosurface
ITERATIVE PROCESS: Our idea is to create an iterative process which gives us the possibility to start from a simple shape (base) and then control complexity increase (monument) at each further iteration. The chosen process is inspired by Mandelbrot fractals and it is based on the iteration of the formula:
z
zn + c
Projection to plane
Where z is a complex number and c is set equal to zero. The results are transposed in 3d domains defined by their boundary surfaces. These are then analyzed and classified depending on power (n) and iteration number (i) and eventually visualized in both polar and cartesian coordinate systems.
18 | M.G.Nerla
Cartesian coordinates system
Polar coordinates system
Impleo - The Inverted Monument
VARIABILITY INVESTIGATION - iter i; power n
Detail density
Low symmetry
Heterogeneity n=1 n=2 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=6 n=7 n=8 n=9 n = 10
Subdivision in delimited portions Cartesian coordinates system , n = 2 i=1
i=2
i=3
i=4
i=5
i=6
i=7
i=8
i=9
i = 10
Polar coordinates system , n = 2
BASE TO MONUMENT M.G.Nerla | 19
Impleo - The Inverted Monument Complexity More iterations Neutrality Less iterations
Impleo
Smooth Flat
URBAN REGENERATION
New Existent
INVERTED MONUMENT
Indefinite Freedom - Outdoor Definite Constraint - Indoor
SPORT TOURISM
MONUMENT BASE
CORE BOUNDARIES
Public Accessible - Visible Private Not accessible - Covered
Diffused light Translucency Direct light Transparency
Complexity - Neutrality 20 | M.G.Nerla
New - Existent
Indefinite - Definite
Public - Private
Diffuse Light - Direct Light
Impleo - The Inverted Monument SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
ORNAMENT DISTRIBUTION ON SURFACE Hotel
Club space Porte de Rendesse
Town center
Iteration number i=4
Covered Square
i=5 i=6 i=7 i=8
Sports station
Restaurant
i=9 i = 10
Sports path
M.G.Nerla | 21
Impleo - The Inverted Monument PLAN Translucent glass panels
Steel spatial truss
Steel pin system supporting panels
Steel tie-back system supporting distant panels
Translucent plastic panels 3d printed/milled
Steel columns and beams
Resin floor
22 | M.G.Nerla
Glass roof panels Spatial spatial truss
Impleo - The Inverted Monument
Suspension system
Hanging connector Translucent plastic 3D-printed panels
SECTION B-B
SECTION A-A
M.G.Nerla | 23
24 | M.G.Nerla
M.G.Nerla | 25
Impleo - The Inverted Monument 3D PRINTED MODEL - Roof panel
26 | M.G.Nerla
A really simple rule, if repeated over and over again, can turn into highly complex, yet self-similar shapes, creating an intricate and immersive space, an inverted monument.
M.G.Nerla | 27
Humboldtforum - Permanent installation
Humboldtforum Permanent Installation
28 | M.G.Nerla
Location: Berlin, Germany Year: 2017 Team: Maria Giuditta Nerla, Christian Tschersich, Yuan Ma Type: Project with LAVA Berlin - in progress
M.G.Nerla | 29
Humboldtforum - Permanent installation CONTEXT: This study represents the preliminary, conceptual stage of a permanent installation which will occupy the whole first floor of the Humboldtforum Museum in Berlin, currently under construction. IDEA: The idea is to create a unifying element which will connect all the different expositions in the varoious rooms. Inspiration comes from Alexander von Humboldt’ s life and his travels around the world. The proposed structure is highly flexible and adapts to the different room conditions, it can create specific environmental conditions and functional elements, can divide the space, modulate light and dark, acoustics and perception. The system is simply based on a basic mesh whose faces can be filled with panels or not. Different mesh resolutions create various impressions, varying from hard low poly meshes to soft webs, while the mesh can be physically visible or disappear, leaving only some panels floating in the space.
30 | M.G.Nerla
Humboldtforum - Permanent installation
M.G.Nerla | 31
Heidestrasse - Competition
HeidestraĂ&#x;e Competition
32 | M.G.Nerla
Location: Berlin, Germany Year: 2017 Type: Competition with LAVA Berlin
M.G.Nerla | 33
HeidestraĂ&#x;e - Competition CONTEXT: The three areas of the industrial area HeidestraĂ&#x;e form the western backbone of the Europacity District. This is the place of a former container station and will be the future image of the city from the railway tracks. Past and future, infrastructure and a living district come together in an unusual 550m long office building, one of the longest in Berlin. IDEA: Functionally, the building provides a noise barrier for the district. At the same time, its dimensions offer the possibility to articulate the office building in its diversity. The whole design is based on three juxtappositions taking place along the three main axes. Along the longitudinal East-West axis, there is a gradient from corporate, traditional offices to start-ups: this is represented by a progressive deconstruction of volumes and transition from formal to more unofficial, easy spaces. The North-South axis shows differentiation between the faccade which faces the railway and the one towards the district. The vertical axes articulates three different facade types.
34 | M.G.Nerla
M.G.Nerla | 35
PERSPEKTIVE WESTSEITE
Structures - Steel and Reinforced Concrete
Structures
Steel and Reinforced Concrete
36 | M.G.Nerla
Location: Bologna, Italy Year: 2012/13 Team: Maria Giuditta Nerla Type: Academic project - Structural Engineering
STEEL STRUCTURE
REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURE
M.G.Nerla | 37
Structures - Steel and Reinforced Concrete This project consisted of the structural design of a steel structure for an industrial building and a reinforced concrete structure for a multistorey building, both located in Bologna, Italy. These structures are designed to bear static loads and to comply with Italian technical standards and regulations. Here there are few examples of drawings; anyway, every detail has been calculated and drawn.
STEEL TRUSS - ROOF
3424
20 5
1052
2 cal 160x90x12
120x13
1271
225
159 159 159
1667
9
23
2 cal 160x90x12
8
120x13
479
1213
386
1667
414
414
382
1667
341
341
2 47 2 6
47
0x x5
120x13
11
874
361
361
2 cal 160x90x12
361
309
1667
20
20
100
200 KN
al 4c
120x13
12
995
1667
3323
10225
38 | M.G.Nerla
2 47 96 26
2 47 47
2
341
2 cal 160x90x12
1667
6882
50
1737 504
3
120x13
10
120x13
504
2 cal 50x50x6
70
22
x6
3
50 0x
49
l5 ca 3
282
1357
2 cal 50x50x6
282
x5 50
962
60x6
52
5
60x6
49
3
50
x5
2 cal 160x90x12
414
244
2 cal 50x50x6
8
46
9
49
9
23
0 111
8
8 0 46 16
5 9 52 89 1
5
9
23
a
2c
2
6
0x
x5
50
52
3 140x1
2
5
4
6
0x
x5
0 l5
l ca
244
160x9
68
60x6
244 2 cal
60x6
80A
HE 1
50x
5 0x
560
5
0x12
x6
x50
50 cal
2 cal 50x50x6
3 140x1
114114114
2 ca
60x6
IPE 1
204
1
80
2
0x1 l 160x9
x5
3
140x1
50
282
0x12
160x9
2 cal
6
80A
HE 1
0x
3
160x9
x5
2
3
140x1
2 cal
3
50
0x12
160x9
3
140x1
x5
2 cal
0x12
160x9
504
80
IPE 1
2 cal
140x1
50
183
4
265
80A
HE 1
80A
140x1
3
0x12
160x9
HE 1
al
1238
220
297
183 183
265
5
2 cal
7
4c
1718
265
903
6 IPE 180
383
3
372
372
372
80A HE 1
889
383
383
577
406
285
431
431
431
49
1718
342
342
342
1718
7081
1718
1718
1718
compresse tese
2 cal 160x90x12
498
0x12
Structures - Steel and Reinforced Concrete X BRACING in section
140x 13 140x13
UPN 140
saldatura 350 x 6 saldatura perimetro bagnato x 6 2 M24
2 M 24
363 220
1250
0
207 310
310
310
310
310
0
368
48
0
6 M16
HE 450 B
95°
0
6 Ø17 48
6 M16
368
48
0
368
48
297
376
60
UPN 140
saldatura 501 x 6
368
48
0
37
1188
HE 300A
HE 450 B
6°
12 saldatura perimetro bagnato x 6
°
UPN 140
143
90
Ø12
Ø12
60x6
HE 450 B
neoprene media densità
1800 7639
7139
HE 450 B
60
UPN 140
246
°
60
x6
1740
363
Nodo2
UPN 140
274
89
M16
60 1800
Ø12
HE 300 A
HE 450 B
HE 450 B
UPN 140
1740
HE 300 A
HE 450 B
0 x1 60
UPN 140
9°
0
x1
Ø12
13
9
60
HE 450 B
11
90
79
32
0
368
140x80x4
saldatura 350 x 6
376
140x13
147
Nodo1
3x6
ura 12
saldat
80
140x13
632
Nodo1
90
°
1800
309
309
0
140°
309
15
6
309 206
88
32
0
244
6
48
0
367
1740
6 Ø17
48
0
367
25
630 530
66
400
500
590
1
630
48 0
367
591x 10
6 M16
367x 10
367x 10
UPN 140
Nodo1
300
UPN 140
270
60
48
0
367
48
0
367
HE 300 A
HE 450 B
309
93°
HE 450 B
0
x1
Ø12
119
67
100
419
60
60
60
x6
x1
0
M16 538
3 Ø 24
37° 92x10
143x 10
130x10
92x10
°
Ø22
°
90
Ø24
90
Ø24
538
M.G.Nerla | 39
Combinazione di carico 1:
Sezione A-A
Structures - Steel and Reinforced Concrete Rete elettrosaldata Ø 8/20x20
G1+G2+Q
Combinazione di carico 2:
G1+G2+Q
G1+G2+Q
Combinazione di carico 3:
G1+G2
Combinazione di carico 4:
G1+G2+Q
G1+G2
G1+G2+Q
Combinazione di carico 4:
G1+G2+Q
G1+G2+Q
G1+G2+Q
2
2,8 2,4 2,4 2,8
5
3 Ø12
Inviluppo del taglio
(kN)
10
-10
5 5
35
13
5 12
25
12 5
a due bracci
a due bracci
ST Ø 10/10''
ST Ø 10/10''
a due bracci
ST Ø 10/10''
a due bracci
-20
4 Ø12
a due bracci
565
40
5 12
ST Ø 10/15'
ST Ø 10/15'
a due bracci
10
455
A
20
40
C
B
D
495
510
40
560
(KN m)
19
4 Ø 16 + 2 Ø 20
14
4 Ø 16 + 2 Ø 20
550
30
2805
2 Ø16
3,7 3,4 3,7
19
E
F
4 Ø12
40
2 Ø12
605
2 Ø16
5 Ø 16 + 2 Ø 20
40
13
35
13
5 12
25
12 5
Sezione H-H
4 Ø16
4 Ø 16
4 Ø 16
4 Ø 16
F
G
H
I
L
M
N
O
P
Q
E
F
G
H
I
L
M
N
O
P
Q
4 Ø12
5
40
55 26
5
40
550
560
40
605
Campo 2b
2 Ø12
Trave secondaria 29x35
Pilastro 35x35
E
Trave a T 65x70
Trave 40x70
Trave 40x70
605 2 Ø12
22
53 48
48
Pilastro 35x35
Trave secondaria 29x35
Pilastro 40x40
Trave secondaria 29x35
21
24
4
4 2 Ø12
18
53 28
22
4
4
5 25
24
4 3,6 4
Trave 40x70
15 Pilastro 35x35
47
47 21 4 3,6 4
1
0
10%0
Trave secondaria 29x35
2 Ø12 L=594
3,5%
1
2%0
4
40 | M.G.Nerla
24
Ɛc=1,258%0
Solaio 24+5
28
Ɛc=2,997%0
1
Campo 2a
5
4
5 47
0
2 Ø16 L=729
55
4 3,6 2 Ø16 25 5
550
2
5 Staffe Ø 10 a due bracci
510
495
18
19 29 26 26 5
455
Trave a T 65x70
2 Ø12 L=216
40
2805 2%0 3,5%0
10%0
26
5 5
19 29 2 Ø 20
Sezione F-F 4 Ø12
10
40
605
2 Ø16 L=537
55 5 Sezione N-N 4985 Ø16 Sezione O-O
5 565
10
40
545
2845 5 19
15
15
35
617
Rete elettrosaldata Ø 8/20x20
2
2 5
Ɛc=2,500% 505 0
Campo 2b
10
40 10%0
Pilastro 35x35
Rete elettrosaldata Ø 8/20x20
3,7 3,4 3,7
3 Ø12 L=230
Solaio 24+5
Trave 40x70
13 21
5 12 6 6 6 6 12 5
2 Ø16 0
18
4 Ø16 5 8 9 8 5 13 35 13 535,5
15
15
12 5
26 26
15
4
15
15
21
15
15 15
25
5
15
4
15 15
15
15
15
10 5
47
24 1
15 15
15
15
15
2 5
15
15 2%0 3,5%0
Pilastro 35x35
D
4 Ø16
4 Ø12
Sezione E-E
Rete elettrosaldata Ø 8/20x20
Trave secondaria 29x35
Pilastro 35x35
15
Sezione D-D
Trave secondaria 29x35
Pilastro 35x35
15
5 12
0 Campo 2b
Trave 40x70
18
2 Ø16 25 5 35 13
5
1230
10%0
C
Trave secondaria 29x35
Trave a T 65x70
Trave 40x70
15
15
15
15
15
13
654,5
40
3,5%0
15 15
20 20
475 2 Ø 16 L=505
15
2%0
4 Ø12
20 20
20 20
555 2 Ø 16 L=610
Ɛc=1,685%0
10%0
Pilastro 35x35
18
2 Ø12 L=594
310 4 Ø 12 L=340
650 2 Ø 16 L=705
15
405 2 Ø 16 L=435
4 Ø 16 L=705 650
Sezione M-M Sezione Q-Q
15
300 2 Ø 12 L=330
8 9 8 12 5 6 Ø16L=216 2 Ø12
15
15
670 4 Ø 12 L=700
15
19
14
15
480 4 Ø 16 L=510
2 Ø16 15
15
15 Campo 2a
19
3,7 3,4 3,7
2 Ø16 L=729
615 2 Ø 16 L=645
15
15
670 2 Ø 16 L=700
2%0 3,5%0
480 16 L=510 0 4 ØƐc=2,668% 0
15
Campo 2b
560 2 Ø 16 L=590
1 Ø 16 L=330 300
13 21
555 4 Ø 12 L=585
15
590 2 Ø 16 L=645
600 4 Ø 12 L=630
15
20
15
280 4 Ø 12 L=630
4 Ø 16 L=715 685
4 Ø 16 L=590 560
15
15
650 4 Ø 12 L=680
2 Ø 20 L=330 300
Trave secondaria 29x35
2 Ø16 2 Ø12 5 25 5 35 13
5 12 Sezione I-I Sezione L-L
2 Ø16 L=537
6 Ø 16
15
15
4 Ø 16 L=715 685
4 Ø 16 L=590 560
18
2 Ø 16 L=230 200
2 Ø16
15
2 Ø 20 L=260 290
3 Ø12 L=230
15
3,7 3,4 3,7 15
15
2 Ø 20 L=330 300
15
4 Ø 16 L=345 290
6 Ø 16
13
4 Ø 16
15
4 Ø 16
Rete elettrosaldata Ø 8/20x20 6 Ø 16
300
10%0
2 Ø 16
2 Ø 16
2 Ø 16 + 2 Ø 12
15
2 Ø 16
Sezione C-C
15
2 Ø 16
200
20
Trave 40x70
15
E
D
100 2 Ø 16
15 15
Pilastro 35x35
15
D
C
496
C
B
26 26
B
A
29
A
0
20
Trave a T 65x70
55
-100
20
Trave 40x70
Pilastro 35x35
5
4 Ø 16
B
Trave secondaria 29x35
19 29
4 Ø 16
Pilastro 35x35
Trave secondaria 29x35
2 Ø16 25 5
5
6 Ø 16 -200
Pilastro 35x35
2 Ø 20
5
605
1
545
-300
Trave 40x70
8 9 8 12 5
4 Ø16
Sezione C-C Sezione D-D Sezione F-F Sezione G-G
a due bracci
Pilastro 35x35
55
25
40
E
a due bracci
Cordolo di ripartizione 25x24
a due bracci
ST ØC 10/10'D
550
505
a due bracci
4
40
0
ST Ø 10/15'
a due bracci
24
a due bracci
B
ST Ø 10/10'
a due bracci
ST Ø 10/15'
47
ST Ø 10/15'
A
-10
ST Ø 10/10'
a due bracci
6 Ø16 5555555 F 13 35 13
5
ST Ø 10/10'
a due bracci
5
a due bracci
2 Ø12
Trave 40x70
19 29
ST Ø 10/10'
10
ST Ø 10/10'
Trave a T 65x70
5
2 Ø16
a due bracci
3 Ø12
ST Ø 10/10''
a due bracci
A
5
a due bracci
a due bracci
Sezione E-E SezioneP-P
2 Ø16
ST Ø 10/15''
5
a due bracci
ST Ø 10/15''
-30
a due bracci
ST Ø 10/10'' Rete elettrosaldata Ø 8/20x20
2
ST Ø 10/10''
ST Ø 10/15''
55
ST Ø 10/15''
(kN m)
19
ST Ø 10/15''
Inviluppo 4 Ø16 Sezione B-B del momento
26 26
200 300
-40
Sezione B-B
Pilastro 40x40
2 Ø16 125 5
13
0
100
Trave secondaria 29x35
Pilastro 40x40
5
20
19
14
29
19 4 Ø12
Trave secondaria 29x35
Pilastro 40x40
55
12
a due bracci
26
a due bracci
605
19
ST Ø 10/15''
2 Ø16
3,7 3,4 3,7
-100
a due bracci
ST Ø 10/15''
26
10
a due bracci
1
-200
ST Ø 10/15''
a due bracci
ST Ø 10/10''
a due bracci
29
ST Ø 10/15''
a due bracci
ST Ø 10/10''
a due bracci
4
ST Ø 10/15''
0
ST Ø 10/10''
a due bracci
12 5
26
ST Ø 10/10''
a due bracci
3
26
ST Ø 10/10''
(KN)
a due bracci
60 25 4 Ø16
5 12
Sezione A-A
21
24 ST Ø 10/10'' -300
2
1
47
5
4
-20
Cordolo di ripartizione 25x24
BEAMS STUDY
4 3,6 4
2 Ø12
654,5
535,5
Pilastro 35x35
F
Structures - Steel and Reinforced Concrete COLUMN STUDY 45
ST Ø 8/10''
234
240
2 Ø 16 L = 560 55 235
215
215
7 21 56
2 Ø 16 L = 540
7
205 60
3 Ø 16 L = 490
3 Ø 16 L = 490 460
60 195
1 Ø 16 L = 490
190
15
15
ST Ø 8/10'' ST Ø 8/15''
3 Ø 16 L = 485 205 60
7
300 200
Pilastro 55x55
15
100
A
C
-1000 Armatura non resistente
N min M Punto C: (2325 KN ; 40,5 KN m) M N max Punto D: (2624 KN ; 40,5 KN m)
M (KN m)
15
190
3 Ø 16 L = 485 60 205
1 Ø 16 L = 485 205 60
190
50
205
205 60
1 Ø 16 L = 490
195
190
93
60
164 60
41
100
50
75
0
25
-25
-50
-75
-100
100
50
75
0
25
-25
-50
90
347
(KN m)
(KN)
-75
-100
0
5
ST Ø 8/15'' ST Ø 8/15''
15
Sez. 5-4:
N min M Punto A: (2290 KN ; 81,5 KN m) M N max Punto B: (2590 KN ; 81,5 KN m)
55
15
6
ST Ø 8/10'' ST Ø 8/15''
15
1000
6
15
2000
5
15
Sez. 4-5:
3 Ø 16
7
Pilastro 45x45 1 Ø 16 L = 485 60 205
94
70 60
86 85
50
ST Ø 8/10'' ST Ø 8/15''
15
15
15
(KN)
4
Pilastro 55x55
GARAGE 3000
5
15
15
MAGAZZINO
Pilastro 35x35
Pilastro 40x40
15
ST Ø 8/15'' ST Ø 8/15''
15
3 Ø 16
2 Ø 16
15
Pilastro 45x45
ST Ø 8/10'' ST Ø 8/15''
199
5
ST Ø 8/10'' ST Ø 8/15''
15
15
360
4
ST Ø 8/15'' ST Ø 8/15''
77
3
ST Ø 8/10'' LEG Ø 8/10''
15
4
ST Ø 8/10'' LEG Ø 8/10''
Sezione 6-5
15
Pilastro 40x40
UFFICI
91
4
60
3
184
2
15
361
3
Sezione 5-6
15
15
CIVILE ABITAZIONE
45
Staffe Ø 8
21
ST Ø 8/15'' LEG Ø 8/15''
45
45
195
Pilastro 35x35
15
240
240
ST Ø 8/10''
2 Ø 16 L = 560 235 55
70
94 101
3
70
2
ST Ø 8/10''
234
1
15
429
2
10
35
35
Pilastro 30x30 15
15
CIVILE ABITAZIONE
35
Staffe Ø 8
2 Ø 16 L = 540 55
429
Pilastro 30x30
10
10
15
15
35
240
2
20
55
1
2 Ø 16 L = 325 290
20
2 Ø 16 L = 325 290
COPERTURA
Diagamma del momento
101
Diagramma del taglio
70
Diagramma dello sf.normale
10
1000
0
B
N (KN) 5000
D
2000
3000
4000
Armatura resistente M (KN m)
Sezione 3-4
1750
1000
2000
750
500
N (KN)
250
0
500
2 Ø 16 25 35
D
750
1000
1250
1500
1750
N min M Punto A: (302 KN ; 17,4 KN m) M N max Punto B: (362 KN ; 17,4 KN m)
N (KN)
-75
2 Ø 16 30 40
5
-100
M N min Punto C: (354 KN ; 18,5 KN m) M N max Punto D: (374 KN ; 18,5 KN m)
10 Sez. 1-2:
10 30
Staffe Ø 8
30 Sez. 2-1:
30
5
-500
0
35
10
2 Ø 16
150
N min M Punto A: (680 KN ; 27,1 KN m) M N max Punto B: (838 KN ; 27,1 KN m) M N min Punto C: (710 KN ; 11 KN m) M N max Punto D: (850 KN ; 11 KN m)
100
50
2000
-50
5
250
45
C
-25
5
3 Ø 16
200
100
40
30 250
B
30
25
Sezione 5-4
Sez. 2-3:
10 35
A B C D 500
1000
1500
N min M Punto A: (1223 KN ; 29,1 KN m) M N max Punto B: (1320 KN ; 29,1 KN m)
18
1500
A
5
25 1250
-100
Sez. 2-1:
25
1000
-75
Sez. 1-2:
Staffe Ø 8
750
-50
5
10
10
0 -25
25
25
250
C D A B 250 500
25
5
500
5
2 Ø 16 20 30
5
50
B
35
20 30
750
Sezione 4-5
M (KN m)
75
25
1000
200 150
100
75 50
Pilastro 3-4
2 Ø 16
M (KN m)
Pilastro 2-3
100
5
2 Ø 16
2 Ø 16 5
M (KN m)
Pilastro 1-2
Sezione 4-3
5
Sezione 3-2
18
Sezione 2-1
2000
2500
50
3000
N (KN)
5
35
Sez. 3-2:
18
3 Ø 16 18
45 40
-500
5
10
N min
Staffe Ø 8
C A
5
Sezione 2-3
5
Sezione 1-2
M Punto C: (1240 KN ; 28 KN m) M N max Punto D: (1335 KN ; 28 KN m)
30
10
40
Staffe Ø 8
10
30
Staffe Ø 8
40 30
35
10
0
500
1000
Sez. 3-4:
Sez. 4-3:
1500
D B 2000
2500
3000
3500 N (KN)
N min M Punto A: (1037,1 KN ; 43,4 KN m) M N max Punto B: (1860 KN ; 43,4 KN m) N min M Punto C: (1785 KN ; 63,2 KN m) M N max Punto D: (1880 KN ; 63,2 KN m)
30
40
M.G.Nerla | 41
Stylist’s house - Mixed-use Terraced House
Stylist’s house Mixed-use Terraced House
42 | M.G.Nerla
Location: Modena, Italy Year: 2011/12 Team: M.G.Nerla, D.De Cecco, L. Di Chiara, F. Di Nocco, G. Fratoni Type: Academic project - Technical Architecture I
M.G.Nerla | 43
Stylist’s house - Mixed-use Terraced House CONTEXT: This project is located in “Villaggio Artigiano” district in Modena, Italy. Since the area is historically oriented towards craft and trade, the idea is to replace existing unused industrial buildings with new mixed-use buildings (shop on the ground floor and residence on the upper floors). IDEA: Our project concerns one of these terraced houses, which is designed for a fashion stylist and his family. On the ground floor public atelier and private house coexist without disturbing each other., thanks to separate front and back entrances. The North facing facade is designed to minimize heat loss and appears compact and with few windows, while the South facing side is more open in order to maximize solar contribution. Specific shadings and vegetation control the amount of sunlight coming inside. GREEN TERRACE and INTEGATED PV The green terrace can be considered an exstension of the first floor living area. Vegetation provides both privacy and protection from sunlight, while the green roof helps with its insulating function. The sloping roof is designed to be covered of photovoltaic panels and maximize solar radiation incidence.
44 | M.G.Nerla
Stylist’s house - Mixed-use Terraced House
M.G.Nerla | 45
Post-Earthquake - Analysis of Historical Neighbourhood
Post-Earthquake
Analysis of Historical Neighbourhood
46 | M.G.Nerla
Location: Mirandola, Italy Year: 2012/13 Team: M.G. Nerla, D. De Cecco, L. Di Chiara, F. Di Nocco, G. Fratoni Type: Academic project - Technical Architecture II
M.G.Nerla | 47
Post-Earthquake - Analysis of Historical Neighbourhood After Emilia-Romagna was struck by an earthquake in 2012, we had the chance to visit Mirandola, the most damaged town. Our objective was to understand where and why the most significant cracks and damages took place. All the damages were classified. In this case an accurate analysis regarding the history of the town and a recostruction of the most important stages of its urban evolution are crucial. In order to do that, first we made a research on the ancient unit of measurement that was used there since the Middle Age. Then, we reconstructed the historical evolution of buildings in a specific neighbourhood and tryed to predict the possible damages in case an earthquake occurred. Enventually, we compared these data with the real ones from site analysis. As a result, many of them coincided; that means that many damages could have been predicted before the earthquake. In conclusion, we proposed some reinforcements and improvements to the existing damaged structures, in order to reuse them and prevent future accidents.
48 | M.G.Nerla
FACADE: Corner detachment Wall overturning Roof pushing out
PLAN: Inadequate connection Slabs pushing each other
Discontinuous wall
Inadequate connection Partial wall overturning Discontinuous wall
Post-Earthquake - Analysis of Historical Neighbourhood NEW ROOF Before
CONNECTIONS IMPROVEMENT After
Reinforcements
MASONRY REINFORCEMENTS
SLAB REINFORCEMENT
Before
OPENING STEEL REINFORCEMENT After
M.G.Nerla | 49
S. Francesco - Square Restoration
S. Francesco Square Restoration
50 | M.G.Nerla
Location: Bologna, Italy Year: 2014/15 Team: M.G. Nerla, D. De Cecco, L. Di Chiara, F. Di Nocco, G. Fratoni, S.Cavazza Type: Academic project - Restoration
M.G.Nerla | 51
S. Francesco - Square Restoration CONTEXT: S. Francesco Square is located in the city center of Bologna. It is not only an important city heritage, but also a place with a strong identity, a meeting point where young people and students are used to stay and spend the evening. Unfortunately, at the moment this square is spoiled by deteriorated paving in some points, graffiti, a small neglected recycling area and the presence of parking areas and traffic. IDEA: Our project aims to restore this historical square and at the same time enhance its beauty and livability for modern citizens. The starting point was represented by a deep historical analysis about this square and its evolution during the past centuries. Then, geometric and architectonic surveys were performed. The analisis of the existent continued with the creation of thematic maps regarding road network, services, activities, perception, paving, lighting, vegetation. Eventually, we proposed a restoration project focused mainly on revealing new perspectives, eliminating sight obstructions, managing pedestrian, bicycle and car paths, integrating the square with its urban surroundings, eliminating parking lots and moving them underground, changing paving and raising a portion of it creating a few steps where to sit.
52 | M.G.Nerla
NEW SQUARE:
PROJECT IDEAS ON EXISTENT Enhance this new perspective on the basilica side entrance, which was historically the main one. Create a filter between S.Francesco and the adjacent crowded Malpighi Square. This should be mainly pedestrian.
Eliminate sight obstruction Eliminate parking lots and move them underground New recycling area in Via del Borgotto
Vegatation has a crucial role in unifying this fragmented square. In front of the basilica the pavement becomes semipermeable, as it used to be in the past. Also antique paths are ricreated with a different paving material in front of the basilica.
Here, local commercial and recreational activities get extra space outside. Once a cloister, now a poorly maintained small garden. This will become a rised portion of the square where people will be able to sit, relax and enjoy a new perspective of the square. M.G.Nerla | 53
S. Vitale - New Centrality in Suburb
S.Vitale district New Centrality in Suburb
54 | M.G.Nerla
Location: S. Vitale, Bologna, Italy Year: 2011/12 Team: M.G. Nerla, D. De Cecco, L. Di Chiara, F. Di Nocco, G. Fratoni Type: Academic project - City planning
M.G.Nerla | 55
S. Vitale - New Centrality in Suburb CONTEXT: The site is located in a Bologna suburb called “S. Vitale”, a critical area surrounded by industrial and rural areas, enclosed by the orbit road/motorway system and the suburban railway. The only remarkable presence in the area is an isolated and ancient villa “Pallavicini” with its park. IDEA: At the moment, there is a neat separation between urban and rural area, given by an important road called “Via Mattei”, which connects the suburb to the city center. Our idea is that this area, intercluded between the city and the countryside, shoud make both aspects merge smoothly. Given an existing project to construct a high speed road in this site, we decide to divert the traffic from Via Mattei to this new road and to move a portion of that infrastructure underground. We also need to enhance the area accessibility, expecially for pedestians and bicycles. In order to do so, we create a strong connection between the suburb train station and the existing villa. The industrial area that separates our site from the station will be redeveloped as commercial and residential area. This new street will be surrounded by a linear park and will connect all the main points of interest: that is a school, a management centre wih its 75m tower, a central square with shops and a market were farmers directly sell their products. Eventually, there are both high and low density residences. The former are buildings with a central courtyard, in continuity with the public park and bike paths continue inside them seamlessy. The latter are villas which archiecturally blend with the countryside by means of a vegetated roof. 56 | M.G.Nerla
Area enclosed by infrastructures and disused industry (North). Ancient, isolated villa (cross) in the middle.
Our area (in red) is a connection between city (yellow) and countryside (green).
New road already planned by municipality (in red), where traffic from Via Mattei road will be diverted.
Disused industrial area redeveloped as commercial and residential area.
Pedestrian and bike paths connect the suburb railway station with the existing villa.
Linear park surrounding the new pedestrian streets.
Residential area (in yellow) as an extension of the linear park and the countryside.
Main services and a square create a new centrality in this district.
Overview of main project ideas.
S. Vitale - New Centrality in Suburb VEGETATION Public park Private courtyard garden for public use School yard
ACTIVITIES Market Primary School Secondary School Commercial Offices Sports centre
PATHS Roads Bike paths Elevated pedestrian path Pedestrian paths Private paths for public use Park paths Sidewalks
M.G.Nerla | 57
Makers + PB - Rebirth of Bargellino District
Makers + PB
Rebirth of Bargellino District
58 | M.G.Nerla
Location: Bargellino, Calderara di Reno, Italy Year: 2012 Team: M.G. Nerla, D. De Cecco, L. Di Chiara, F. Di Nocco, G. Fratoni Type: Academic project - City planning
M.G.Nerla | 59
Makers + PB - Rebirth of Bargellino District CONTEXT: This project is located in Bargellino district, Calderara di Reno, Italy, in a desused and isolated industrial district near the Bologna airport. URBAN VISION: On the one hand, we focus on strenghtening trasportation routes and on connecting this district with both city centre and airport. On the other hand, our vision is to reuse the abandoned small factories by giving makers and creative people the opportunity to occupy these buildings. In this place, they will find all the space they need to set up their activities and develop their products. Public incentives will help this gradual transformation and makers will find some ready-to-use facilities and equipment. This will create a co-working experience, where creatives will be able to share services, opinions, experiences. Eventually, they should create a sort of community, source of new ideas and innovation. PERSONAL BRANDER: One of the free lance professionals in this district will be a “personal brander”, a marketing consultant who helps his clients to build a strong identity and a remarkable image of theirselves: in short, a “personal brand”. One of the unsed small factories in this area will become its workspace. The project for that building is inspired by the idea of light refraction, which is also a symbol of its job: highlighting and reinterpreting some features in order to make a personal image stand out. The building is divided in two main spaces: the front zone where he meets his clients and the working area in the rear, separated by a special system of luminescent optical fiber cables which act as filter. 60 | M.G.Nerla
URBAN VISION Bike lane Pedestrian paths Exhibition itinerary Existent facilities Design facilities Green areas Co-working spaces Disused buildings occupied by makers Train station
Makers + PB - Rebirth of Bargellino District MARKETING AREA - entrance
PERSONAL BRANDER WORKPLACE REFRACTION: “Change in direction of propagation of a wave due to a change in its transmission medium�
Entrance FILTERS:
Marketing
Creating
Scattering
Different mediums compose this architecture, each one wth its rhythm. Three filters modulate this change and the overall perception.
External skin: during the day glazing blocks sunlight and appears dark. In the night it becomes transparent and makes the internal lights come out, creating a landmark.
Optical fibre side-glow: transmitting sun- Suspended volumes: each function light from the roof to the ground floor, it separates inside the workspace has got its volume the marketing area from the creative workshop and its light. Each volume is covered by a area in the rear. particular translucent material and emits its own glow in the interstitial space. IT team office
Graphic team office
Meeting room Studio flat Storage
PB office Toilet
WORKSHOP AREA - different configurations
M.G.Nerla | 61
Thank you for your consideration mariagiuditta.nerla@gmail.com