Portfolio2018_MGNerla

MARI A GI UDI TTA NE RL A

PORT FO L IO 2018

CO N T A CT

Maria Giuditta Nerla mariagiuditta.nerla@gmail.com +39 3403415643 Via Degli Angeli 34, Bologna, 40124, Italy

M.G.Nerla | i

BRI EF CV YEAR Oct 2017- today

Sep 2017 - today

Jan 2017 - Apr 2017

Mar 2015 - Apr 2015

Dec 2014 - Sep 2015

EXPERIENCE Research fellow at CIRI-EC Interdepartmental Research Center for building & construction University of Bologna, Italy Teaching Assistant at A3 course Architecture & Arch. Design 3 University of Bologna, Italy Architecture Intern at LAVA Laboratory for Visionary Architecture Berlin, Germany Energy Intern at DIN Research Lab Department of Industrial Engineering University of Bologna, Italy International Students Tutor University of Bologna, Italy EDUCATION

YEASep 2009 - Dec 2016 Jan 2014 - May 2014

Oct 2017 ii | M.G.Nerla

MEng (Hons) in Building Engineering and Architecture University of Bologna, Italy - 1st class honours

PUBLICATIONS • ‘Composite technology and integrated energy and architectural design for a new students’ space’. Nerla, M.G., 2017 • • ‘Composite technology for an innovative students’ pavilion: energy, daylight analysis and a new concept of sustainability’.

Nerla, M.G.; Garai, M.; Erioli, A., 2017

• ‘Modulated Corrugations by differential growth.

Integrated FRP tectonics towards a new approach to sustainability, fusing architectural and energy design for a new students’ space.’

Nerla, M.G.; Erioli, A.; Garai, M., 2017

JTD 2017

Journal of Temporal Design

SET 2017

International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies

eCAADe 2017

International Conference on Education and research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe

IT SKILLS Programming: advanced Grasshopper, C#, good Python basic C# for Unity game engine; BIM : good Revit and Dynamo; 3D modelling &rendering: advanced Rhino, good AutoCad, Cinema4D, basic Blender; 2D graphics: advanced Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator; good InDesign, basic AfterEffects; Energy, daylight, CFD: advanced EnergyPlus, GH plug-ins Honeybee + Ladybug; good OpenFOAM and Radiance; • Structural FEM & form finding: advanced GH plug-ins Karamba and Kangaroo. Basic SAP2000.

• • • • •

Erasmus study University of Bradford, UK

LANGUAGES

ACHIEVEMENTS Licensed Civil Engineer Chamber of Engineers, Italy

• • • •

Italian - native English - C1 (IELTS Academic : score 7.0) German - beginner French - beginner

SUMMARY

Page 6

Page 16

Page 58

A CA D EM IC & R E SE A R CH PR O F ESSIO N A L CO M PU T A T IO N A L

Page 28

Page 54

E N G IN E E R IN G A R CHIT E CT U R E Page 32

Page 50

Page 46

Page 36 Page 42

M.G.Nerla | iii

Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics

Modulated Corrugations Integrated FRP tectonics

6 | M.G.Nerla

Location: Via Terracini, Bologna, Italy Year: 2015/16 Team: Maria Giuditta Nerla Type: Academic project - Master Thesis

M.G.Nerla | 7

Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics ABSTRACT: This Master Thesis research investigates the concept of `integrated tectonics’ as a new way of thinking sustainability in architecture, intended as an ecology of different, integrated factors which take part in a seamless designto-fabrication process. In particular, this new paradigm is applied to the design of a pavilion made of a fiber-reinforced (FRP) sandwich shell integrating multiple systems and performances.

A differential growth algorithm mimicking cellular tissue development modulates energy and structural performance across the surface through ornamental features in the form of corrugated patterns. Iterative feedback simulations allow the exploration of the mutual relations connecting morphogenesis and performance distribution patterns at the architectural scale. A 1:2 scale prototype of a shell portion was fabricated to test material properties and production feasibility.

CASE STUDY: The pavilion is designed to host students‘ spaces for the University of Bologna’s School of Engineering and Architecture. The chosen location is atop the existing building, giving function and purpose to an easily accessible yet unused terrace. The pavilion is shaped following general design principles of double curvature use for continuous surfaces and the necessary topology to accommodate flows and functional spaces. A differential growth algorithm inspired by cellular tissues is then developed in order to act on its external surface and create corrugation patterns.

8 | M.G.Nerla

OVERVIEW

TOP VIEW

Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics SCHEMATIC PROCESS OF GROWTH

DIAGRAM OF THE PROCESS WORKFLOW

DIFFERENTIAL GROWTH: This study is not meant to reproduce or emulate a specific biological process or morphology in terms of results.

Instead, it aims to explore the relation between elementary behavioral principles at the basis of tissues growth and differentiation in general and the range of achievable ordered complexity in patterns and shapes. The final goal is to channel the potential these forms can offer to architectural applications, and, specifically, to the present case study. Before undergoing differentiation and acquiring specificity, tissue development always starts from the same set of simple rules. The environment plays a leading role in giving direction to the process through a feedback mechanism. Differential growth, in particular, is based on the idea that the parts forming a whole grow with heterogeneous patterns and rates, producing differentiated morphologies and arrangements, without any change occurring at the cell level. In the present case study, the starting point for the simulation is the pavilion outer shell surface, modelled as a triangular mesh. Each mesh vertex represents a cell in a tissue and, therefore, it can be considered as a sort of moving particle constrained to stay on the mesh itself.

The growth is implemented through an iterative process articulated in two nested loops. The inner loop, called ‘β - Cycle’, allows the mesh to act as an elastic membrane and represents a basic relaxation process, driven by elastic and repulsive forces. The outer loop, called ‘α - Cycle’, selects and subdivides the mesh faces, according to a feedback mechanism, and feeds them to the ‘β - Cycle’. A variable number of both α and β cycles iterations leads to completely different growth processes.

M.G.Nerla | 9

Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics INTEGRATION / PERFORMANCE: Aesthetic criteria, as well as energy and structural performance aspects, influence the corrugated patterns in a way that blurs the boundaries between performance and ornament. The feedback mechanism plays a fundamental role in driving the selection of mesh faces to be subdivided in the next iteration. This important step qualifies the growth process as ‘differential’. Selection is based on performance principles and design decisions. Those external influences are color-mapped on the pavilion outer shell mesh, creating different scalar fields which are used to assign specific values to each mesh face. Performance criteria aim to interpret and address real structural and energy problems previously detected through specific dedicated simulations. From the point of view of energy performance, simulations show that the most critical period for the pavilion is the hot season. For this reason, the first performance criterion included in the process is a whole year solar radiation analysis: faces with higher values of solar radiation are selected for subdivision.

The aim is to introduce a distributed self-shading effect. From the structural point of view, preliminary analysis carried out with Grasshopper plug-in Karamba displays that excessive deformation is likely to occur on the thin composite shell, so faces in areas of high deformation are selected for subdivision. Here, the idea is to use the curvature activated by corrugations as local stiffening device. Moreover, in order to partially address the process with top-down design decisions, the outer surface of the pavilion is mapped with a specific distribution of ‘nutrients’. It is generated starting from flow lines, representing funcitional criteria, relationship with the exhisting building and, again, simulated structural principal stress lines.

10 | M.G.Nerla

Solar radiation Modulated corrugations Principal stresses

Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics VARIABILITY: The process outcomes show high variability depending on the chosen combination of values assigned to the different parameters. The figure shows how one of the resulting morphologies, taken as a benchmark with fixed parameters, can differentiate when one or two parameters change their values. Parameters such as ‘Nutrients Gradient’, ‘Min Face Area’ and ‘Neighbors selection’ belong to the feedback mechanism. The first one is related to the scalar field of nutrients assigned, whose values can change their distribution or can be inverted, as shown in the sample number 1, so that the highest value becomes the lowest and vice versa. In the benchmark, ‘Min Face area’ is variable between two values because it is different for each mesh face and based on the amount of solar radiation they received.

Examples such as samples number 3 and 5 show what happens when this parameter gets a fixed value, respectively the minimum and the maximum. ‘Neighbors selection’ refers to the number of faces which can be selected around the points with highest concentration of nutrients, at each α - iteration. Parameters such as ‘β - Cycle’ and ‘Repulsion Strength’ belong to the relaxation process and affect, in turn, the number of iterations performed in the β - Cycle and the repulsive force strength.

The resulting morphologies show interesting patterns that vaguely remind of biological distribution systems and branching. Different phases of growth are present at the same time on the shell, showing a wide range of possibilities and enabling smooth transition from flat to corrugated surface.

M.G.Nerla | 11

Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics PROTOTYPE and FABRICATION: A small part of the pavilion shell is selected and adapted for fabrication. The idea is to test in a smaller scale and with a lower budget approximately the same workflow, techniques and know-how that can be used for the entire pavilion fabrication off-site.

The chosen fabrication technique is well known and often used in the boat industry; in this case, hand lay-up is preferred to more advanced methods because of budget reasons. A scale of 1:2 is chosen for this prototype, resulting in a 0.6m x 1.2m fabricated panel. The prototype uses the same material system as the pavilion: an FRP sandwich, composed of two thin FRP laminates and a polyurethane (PUR) core of variable thickness in the middle. First, two MDF moulds are CNC milled and then the two skins are laminated. The laminates are made out of textile fibers and resin: in particular, carbon fiber (CFRP) has been used for the external laminate, while glass fiber (GFRP) is in the inner side of the sandwich. This system is extremely light and resistant, it is load bearing and thermal insulating. Moreover, electrical systems, part of drainage and conditioning pipework is integrated inside the PUR core, as well as a LED lighting system. The latter is placed adjacent to the GFRP laminate, exploiting their typical translucency to create a glare effect in the evening hours.

FABRICATED PROTOTYPE and EXPLODED VIEW

Thickness 2.93 cm

8.62 cm

12 | M.G.Nerla

Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics FABRICATION PROCESS

1.

4.

2.

3.

5.

6.

M.G.Nerla | 13

Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics ENERGY & DAYLIGHT: Energy simulations have been carried out with EnergyPlus V8.4. The well insulated sandwich shell shows a really good thermal performance in winter. Nontheless, the highly solar exposed location, as well as the lightweight FRP construction system with low thermal inertia results in problems during the hot season. That is why the overall pavilion design aims to minimize cooling loads in summer, while maximizing daylight autonomy and solar gains in winter. A ventilation system capable of refrigerating during the night is developed in parallel to a VRF system with heat pump, which is completely autonomous from the existing building. Operative temperature and comfort is evaluated for different periods of the year and results are displayed on maps. Total yearly energy consumption is 24.1 KWh/ m2 for heating and 34.4 KWh/m2 for cooling. Daylight results show that the pavilion has excellent Daylight Autonomy (DLA) and that glare is effectively avoided.

ENERGY SIMULATION MODEL

TEMPERATURES

ENERGY LOADS

DAYLIGHT RESULTS

14 | M.G.Nerla

Modulated Corrugations - Integrated FRP tectonics

M.G.Nerla | 15

Impleo - The Inverted Monument

Impleo

The Inverted Monument

16 | M.G.Nerla

Location: Saint Macaire, France Year: 2014/15 Team: Maria Giuditta Nerla, Francesca Di Nocco, Leonardo di Chiara Type: Academic project - Architectural Composition 3 (A3)

M.G.Nerla | 17

Impleo - The Inverted Monument

ITERATIVE GENERATION

CONTEXT: This project aims to reuse a dismissed central area in St. Macaire: a small, historical town in France.

Site analysis shows that both tourism and sport tourism are important assets for the town.

3d domain z0

z1=z0n

z2=z1n

z3=z2n

z4=z3n

IDEA: Our idea is to enhance existing sport tourism routes passing through St. Macaire and make this space become a new, mixed-use point of interest where tourists can stop, stay, possibly repair their bikes or canoes, and enjoy the town.

INVERTED MONUMENT: On the other hand, the design is based on the idea of “The Inverted Monument”, inspired by Kokkugia’ s “Babiy Yar Memorial”:

“Project reconsiders the monument as object, instead positing the formation of an immersive space [...] rich with intricate detail, reflecting the culmination of individual differences within a multitude.”

boundary isosurface

ITERATIVE PROCESS: Our idea is to create an iterative process which gives us the possibility to start from a simple shape (base) and then control complexity increase (monument) at each further iteration.

The chosen process is inspired by Mandelbrot fractals and it is based on the iteration of the formula:

z

zn + c

Projection to plane

Where z is a complex number and c is set equal to zero.

The results are transposed in 3d domains defined by their boundary surfaces. These are then analyzed and classified depending on power (n) and iteration number (i) and eventually visualized in both polar and cartesian coordinate systems.

18 | M.G.Nerla

Cartesian coordinates system

Polar coordinates system

Impleo - The Inverted Monument

VARIABILITY INVESTIGATION - iter i; power n

Detail density

Low symmetry

Heterogeneity n=1 n=2 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=6 n=7 n=8 n=9 n = 10

Subdivision in delimited portions Cartesian coordinates system , n = 2 i=1

i=2

i=3

i=4

i=5

i=6

i=7

i=8

i=9

i = 10

Polar coordinates system , n = 2

BASE TO MONUMENT M.G.Nerla | 19

Impleo - The Inverted Monument Complexity More iterations Neutrality Less iterations

Impleo

Smooth Flat

URBAN REGENERATION

New Existent

INVERTED MONUMENT

Indefinite Freedom - Outdoor Definite Constraint - Indoor

SPORT TOURISM

MONUMENT BASE

CORE BOUNDARIES

Public Accessible - Visible Private Not accessible - Covered

Diffused light Translucency Direct light Transparency

Complexity - Neutrality 20 | M.G.Nerla

New - Existent

Indefinite - Definite

Public - Private

Diffuse Light - Direct Light

Impleo - The Inverted Monument SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION

ORNAMENT DISTRIBUTION ON SURFACE Hotel

Club space Porte de Rendesse

Town center

Iteration number i=4

Covered Square

i=5 i=6 i=7 i=8

Sports station

Restaurant

i=9 i = 10

Sports path

M.G.Nerla | 21

Impleo - The Inverted Monument PLAN Translucent glass panels

Steel spatial truss

Steel pin system supporting panels

Steel tie-back system supporting distant panels

Translucent plastic panels 3d printed/milled

Steel columns and beams

Resin floor

22 | M.G.Nerla

Glass roof panels Spatial spatial truss

Impleo - The Inverted Monument

Suspension system

Hanging connector Translucent plastic 3D-printed panels

SECTION B-B

SECTION A-A

M.G.Nerla | 23

24 | M.G.Nerla

M.G.Nerla | 25

Impleo - The Inverted Monument 3D PRINTED MODEL - Roof panel

26 | M.G.Nerla

A really simple rule, if repeated over and over again, can turn into highly complex, yet self-similar shapes, creating an intricate and immersive space, an inverted monument.

M.G.Nerla | 27

Humboldtforum - Permanent installation

Humboldtforum Permanent Installation

28 | M.G.Nerla

Location: Berlin, Germany Year: 2017 Team: Maria Giuditta Nerla, Christian Tschersich, Yuan Ma Type: Project with LAVA Berlin - in progress

M.G.Nerla | 29

Humboldtforum - Permanent installation CONTEXT: This study represents the preliminary, conceptual stage of a permanent installation which will occupy the whole first floor of the Humboldtforum Museum in Berlin, currently under construction.

IDEA: The idea is to create a unifying element which will connect all the different expositions in the varoious rooms. Inspiration comes from Alexander von Humboldt’ s life and his travels around the world.

The proposed structure is highly flexible and adapts to the different room conditions, it can create specific environmental conditions and functional elements, can divide the space, modulate light and dark, acoustics and perception. The system is simply based on a basic mesh whose faces can be filled with panels or not. Different mesh resolutions create various impressions, varying from hard low poly meshes to soft webs, while the mesh can be physically visible or disappear, leaving only some panels floating in the space.

30 | M.G.Nerla

Humboldtforum - Permanent installation

M.G.Nerla | 31

Heidestrasse - Competition

HeidestraĂ&#x;e Competition

32 | M.G.Nerla

Location: Berlin, Germany Year: 2017 Type: Competition with LAVA Berlin

M.G.Nerla | 33

HeidestraĂ&#x;e - Competition CONTEXT: The three areas of the industrial area HeidestraĂ&#x;e form the western backbone of the Europacity District. This is the place of a former container station and will be the future image of the city from the railway tracks. Past and future, infrastructure and a living district come together in an unusual 550m long office building, one of the longest in Berlin.

IDEA: Functionally, the building provides a noise barrier for the district. At the same time, its dimensions offer the possibility to articulate the office building in its diversity. The whole design is based on three juxtappositions taking place along the three main axes. Along the longitudinal East-West axis, there is a gradient from corporate, traditional offices to start-ups: this is represented by a progressive deconstruction of volumes and transition from formal to more unofficial, easy spaces. The North-South axis shows differentiation between the faccade which faces the railway and the one towards the district. The vertical axes articulates three different facade types.

34 | M.G.Nerla

M.G.Nerla | 35

PERSPEKTIVE WESTSEITE

Structures - Steel and Reinforced Concrete

Structures

Steel and Reinforced Concrete

36 | M.G.Nerla

Location: Bologna, Italy Year: 2012/13 Team: Maria Giuditta Nerla Type: Academic project - Structural Engineering

STEEL STRUCTURE

REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURE

M.G.Nerla | 37

Structures - Steel and Reinforced Concrete This project consisted of the structural design of a steel structure for an industrial building and a reinforced concrete structure for a multistorey building, both located in Bologna, Italy. These structures are designed to bear static loads and to comply with Italian technical standards and regulations.

Here there are few examples of drawings; anyway, every detail has been calculated and drawn.

STEEL TRUSS - ROOF

3424

20 5

1052

2 cal 160x90x12

120x13

1271

225

159 159 159

1667

9

23

2 cal 160x90x12

8

120x13

479

1213

386

1667

414

414

382

1667

341

341

2 47 2 6

47

0x x5

120x13

11

874

361

361

2 cal 160x90x12

361

309

1667

20

20

100

200 KN

al 4c

120x13

12

995

1667

3323

10225

38 | M.G.Nerla

2 47 96 26

2 47 47

2

341

2 cal 160x90x12

1667

6882

50

1737 504

3

120x13

10

120x13

504

2 cal 50x50x6

70

22

x6

3

50 0x

49

l5 ca 3

282

1357

2 cal 50x50x6

282

x5 50

962

60x6

52

5

60x6

49

3

50

x5

2 cal 160x90x12

414

244

2 cal 50x50x6

8

46

9

49

9

23

0 111

8

8 0 46 16

5 9 52 89 1

5

9

23

a

2c

2

6

0x

x5

50

52

3 140x1

2

5

4

6

0x

x5

0 l5

l ca

244

160x9

68

60x6

244 2 cal

60x6

80A

HE 1

50x

5 0x

560

5

0x12

x6

x50

50 cal

2 cal 50x50x6

3 140x1

114114114

2 ca

60x6

IPE 1

204

1

80

2

0x1 l 160x9

x5

3

140x1

50

282

0x12

160x9

2 cal

6

80A

HE 1

0x

3

160x9

x5

2

3

140x1

2 cal

3

50

0x12

160x9

3

140x1

x5

2 cal

0x12

160x9

504

80

IPE 1

2 cal

140x1

50

183

4

265

80A

HE 1

80A

140x1

3

0x12

160x9

HE 1

al

1238

220

297

183 183

265

5

2 cal

7

4c

1718

265

903

6 IPE 180

383

3

372

372

372

80A HE 1

889

383

383

577

406

285

431

431

431

49

1718

342

342

342

1718

7081

1718

1718

1718

compresse tese

2 cal 160x90x12

498

0x12

Structures - Steel and Reinforced Concrete X BRACING in section

140x 13 140x13

UPN 140

saldatura 350 x 6 saldatura perimetro bagnato x 6 2 M24

2 M 24

363 220

1250

0

207 310

310

310

310

310

0

368

48

0

6 M16

HE 450 B

95°

0

6 Ø17 48

6 M16

368

48

0

368

48

297

376

60

UPN 140

saldatura 501 x 6

368

48

0

37

1188

HE 300A

HE 450 B

6°

12 saldatura perimetro bagnato x 6

°

UPN 140

143

90

Ø12

Ø12

60x6

HE 450 B

neoprene media densità

1800 7639

7139

HE 450 B

60

UPN 140

246

°

60

x6

1740

363

Nodo2

UPN 140

274

89

M16

60 1800

Ø12

HE 300 A

HE 450 B

HE 450 B

UPN 140

1740

HE 300 A

HE 450 B

0 x1 60

UPN 140

9°

0

x1

Ø12

13

9

60

HE 450 B

11

90

79

32

0

368

140x80x4

saldatura 350 x 6

376

140x13

147

Nodo1

3x6

ura 12

saldat

80

140x13

632

Nodo1

90

°

1800

309

309

0

140°

309

15

6

309 206

88

32

0

244

6

48

0

367

1740

6 Ø17

48

0

367

25

630 530

66

400

500

590

1

630

48 0

367

591x 10

6 M16

367x 10

367x 10

UPN 140

Nodo1

300

UPN 140

270

60

48

0

367

48

0

367

HE 300 A

HE 450 B

309

93°

HE 450 B

0

x1

Ø12

119

67

100

419

60

60

60

x6

x1

0

M16 538

3 Ø 24

37° 92x10

143x 10

130x10

92x10

°

Ø22

°

90

Ø24

90

Ø24

538

M.G.Nerla | 39

Combinazione di carico 1:

Sezione A-A

Structures - Steel and Reinforced Concrete Rete elettrosaldata Ø 8/20x20

G1+G2+Q

Combinazione di carico 2:

G1+G2+Q

G1+G2+Q

Combinazione di carico 3:

G1+G2

Combinazione di carico 4:

G1+G2+Q

G1+G2

G1+G2+Q

Combinazione di carico 4:

G1+G2+Q

G1+G2+Q

G1+G2+Q

2

2,8 2,4 2,4 2,8

5

3 Ø12

Inviluppo del taglio

(kN)

10

-10

5 5

35

13

5 12

25

12 5

a due bracci

a due bracci

ST Ø 10/10''

ST Ø 10/10''

a due bracci

ST Ø 10/10''

a due bracci

-20

4 Ø12

a due bracci

565

40

5 12

ST Ø 10/15'

ST Ø 10/15'

a due bracci

10

455

A

20

40

C

B

D

495

510

40

560

(KN m)

19

4 Ø 16 + 2 Ø 20

14

4 Ø 16 + 2 Ø 20

550

30

2805

2 Ø16

3,7 3,4 3,7

19

E

F

4 Ø12

40

2 Ø12

605

2 Ø16

5 Ø 16 + 2 Ø 20

40

13

35

13

5 12

25

12 5

Sezione H-H

4 Ø16

4 Ø 16

4 Ø 16

4 Ø 16

F

G

H

I

L

M

N

O

P

Q

E

F

G

H

I

L

M

N

O

P

Q

4 Ø12

5

40

55 26

5

40

550

560

40

605

Campo 2b

2 Ø12

Trave secondaria 29x35

Pilastro 35x35

E

Trave a T 65x70

Trave 40x70

Trave 40x70

605 2 Ø12

22

53 48

48

Pilastro 35x35

Trave secondaria 29x35

Pilastro 40x40

Trave secondaria 29x35

21

24

4

4 2 Ø12

18

53 28

22

4

4

5 25

24

4 3,6 4

Trave 40x70

15 Pilastro 35x35

47

47 21 4 3,6 4

1

0

10%0

Trave secondaria 29x35

2 Ø12 L=594

3,5%

1

2%0

4

40 | M.G.Nerla

24

Ɛc=1,258%0

Solaio 24+5

28

Ɛc=2,997%0

1

Campo 2a

5

4

5 47

0

2 Ø16 L=729

55

4 3,6 2 Ø16 25 5

550

2

5 Staffe Ø 10 a due bracci

510

495

18

19 29 26 26 5

455

Trave a T 65x70

2 Ø12 L=216

40

2805 2%0 3,5%0

10%0

26

5 5

19 29 2 Ø 20

Sezione F-F 4 Ø12

10

40

605

2 Ø16 L=537

55 5 Sezione N-N 4985 Ø16 Sezione O-O

5 565

10

40

545

2845 5 19

15

15

35

617

Rete elettrosaldata Ø 8/20x20

2

2 5

Ɛc=2,500% 505 0

Campo 2b

10

40 10%0

Pilastro 35x35

Rete elettrosaldata Ø 8/20x20

3,7 3,4 3,7

3 Ø12 L=230

Solaio 24+5

Trave 40x70

13 21

5 12 6 6 6 6 12 5

2 Ø16 0

18

4 Ø16 5 8 9 8 5 13 35 13 535,5

15

15

12 5

26 26

15

4

15

15

21

15

15 15

25

5

15

4

15 15

15

15

15

10 5

47

24 1

15 15

15

15

15

2 5

15

15 2%0 3,5%0

Pilastro 35x35

D

4 Ø16

4 Ø12

Sezione E-E

Rete elettrosaldata Ø 8/20x20

Trave secondaria 29x35

Pilastro 35x35

15

Sezione D-D

Trave secondaria 29x35

Pilastro 35x35

15

5 12

0 Campo 2b

Trave 40x70

18

2 Ø16 25 5 35 13

5

1230

10%0

C

Trave secondaria 29x35

Trave a T 65x70

Trave 40x70

15

15

15

15

15

13

654,5

40

3,5%0

15 15

20 20

475 2 Ø 16 L=505

15

2%0

4 Ø12

20 20

20 20

555 2 Ø 16 L=610

Ɛc=1,685%0

10%0

Pilastro 35x35

18

2 Ø12 L=594

310 4 Ø 12 L=340

650 2 Ø 16 L=705

15

405 2 Ø 16 L=435

4 Ø 16 L=705 650

Sezione M-M Sezione Q-Q

15

300 2 Ø 12 L=330

8 9 8 12 5 6 Ø16L=216 2 Ø12

15

15

670 4 Ø 12 L=700

15

19

14

15

480 4 Ø 16 L=510

2 Ø16 15

15

15 Campo 2a

19

3,7 3,4 3,7

2 Ø16 L=729

615 2 Ø 16 L=645

15

15

670 2 Ø 16 L=700

2%0 3,5%0

480 16 L=510 0 4 ØƐc=2,668% 0

15

Campo 2b

560 2 Ø 16 L=590

1 Ø 16 L=330 300

13 21

555 4 Ø 12 L=585

15

590 2 Ø 16 L=645

600 4 Ø 12 L=630

15

20

15

280 4 Ø 12 L=630

4 Ø 16 L=715 685

4 Ø 16 L=590 560

15

15

650 4 Ø 12 L=680

2 Ø 20 L=330 300

Trave secondaria 29x35

2 Ø16 2 Ø12 5 25 5 35 13

5 12 Sezione I-I Sezione L-L

2 Ø16 L=537

6 Ø 16

15

15

4 Ø 16 L=715 685

4 Ø 16 L=590 560

18

2 Ø 16 L=230 200

2 Ø16

15

2 Ø 20 L=260 290

3 Ø12 L=230

15

3,7 3,4 3,7 15

15

2 Ø 20 L=330 300

15

4 Ø 16 L=345 290

6 Ø 16

13

4 Ø 16

15

4 Ø 16

Rete elettrosaldata Ø 8/20x20 6 Ø 16

300

10%0

2 Ø 16

2 Ø 16

2 Ø 16 + 2 Ø 12

15

2 Ø 16

Sezione C-C

15

2 Ø 16

200

20

Trave 40x70

15

E

D

100 2 Ø 16

15 15

Pilastro 35x35

15

D

C

496

C

B

26 26

B

A

29

A

0

20

Trave a T 65x70

55

-100

20

Trave 40x70

Pilastro 35x35

5

4 Ø 16

B

Trave secondaria 29x35

19 29

4 Ø 16

Pilastro 35x35

Trave secondaria 29x35

2 Ø16 25 5

5

6 Ø 16 -200

Pilastro 35x35

2 Ø 20

5

605

1

545

-300

Trave 40x70

8 9 8 12 5

4 Ø16

Sezione C-C Sezione D-D Sezione F-F Sezione G-G

a due bracci

Pilastro 35x35

55

25

40

E

a due bracci

Cordolo di ripartizione 25x24

a due bracci

ST ØC 10/10'D

550

505

a due bracci

4

40

0

ST Ø 10/15'

a due bracci

24

a due bracci

B

ST Ø 10/10'

a due bracci

ST Ø 10/15'

47

ST Ø 10/15'

A

-10

ST Ø 10/10'

a due bracci

6 Ø16 5555555 F 13 35 13

5

ST Ø 10/10'

a due bracci

5

a due bracci

2 Ø12

Trave 40x70

19 29

ST Ø 10/10'

10

ST Ø 10/10'

Trave a T 65x70

5

2 Ø16

a due bracci

3 Ø12

ST Ø 10/10''

a due bracci

A

5

a due bracci

a due bracci

Sezione E-E SezioneP-P

2 Ø16

ST Ø 10/15''

5

a due bracci

ST Ø 10/15''

-30

a due bracci

ST Ø 10/10'' Rete elettrosaldata Ø 8/20x20

2

ST Ø 10/10''

ST Ø 10/15''

55

ST Ø 10/15''

(kN m)

19

ST Ø 10/15''

Inviluppo 4 Ø16 Sezione B-B del momento

26 26

200 300

-40

Sezione B-B

Pilastro 40x40

2 Ø16 125 5

13

0

100

Trave secondaria 29x35

Pilastro 40x40

5

20

19

14

29

19 4 Ø12

Trave secondaria 29x35

Pilastro 40x40

55

12

a due bracci

26

a due bracci

605

19

ST Ø 10/15''

2 Ø16

3,7 3,4 3,7

-100

a due bracci

ST Ø 10/15''

26

10

a due bracci

1

-200

ST Ø 10/15''

a due bracci

ST Ø 10/10''

a due bracci

29

ST Ø 10/15''

a due bracci

ST Ø 10/10''

a due bracci

4

ST Ø 10/15''

0

ST Ø 10/10''

a due bracci

12 5

26

ST Ø 10/10''

a due bracci

3

26

ST Ø 10/10''

(KN)

a due bracci

60 25 4 Ø16

5 12

Sezione A-A

21

24 ST Ø 10/10'' -300

2

1

47

5

4

-20

Cordolo di ripartizione 25x24

BEAMS STUDY

4 3,6 4

2 Ø12

654,5

535,5

Pilastro 35x35

F

Structures - Steel and Reinforced Concrete COLUMN STUDY 45

ST Ø 8/10''

234

240

2 Ø 16 L = 560 55 235

215

215

7 21 56

2 Ø 16 L = 540

7

205 60

3 Ø 16 L = 490

3 Ø 16 L = 490 460

60 195

1 Ø 16 L = 490

190

15

15

ST Ø 8/10'' ST Ø 8/15''

3 Ø 16 L = 485 205 60

7

300 200

Pilastro 55x55

15

100

A

C

-1000 Armatura non resistente

N min M Punto C: (2325 KN ; 40,5 KN m) M N max Punto D: (2624 KN ; 40,5 KN m)

M (KN m)

15

190

3 Ø 16 L = 485 60 205

1 Ø 16 L = 485 205 60

190

50

205

205 60

1 Ø 16 L = 490

195

190

93

60

164 60

41

100

50

75

0

25

-25

-50

-75

-100

100

50

75

0

25

-25

-50

90

347

(KN m)

(KN)

-75

-100

0

5

ST Ø 8/15'' ST Ø 8/15''

15

Sez. 5-4:

N min M Punto A: (2290 KN ; 81,5 KN m) M N max Punto B: (2590 KN ; 81,5 KN m)

55

15

6

ST Ø 8/10'' ST Ø 8/15''

15

1000

6

15

2000

5

15

Sez. 4-5:

3 Ø 16

7

Pilastro 45x45 1 Ø 16 L = 485 60 205

94

70 60

86 85

50

ST Ø 8/10'' ST Ø 8/15''

15

15

15

(KN)

4

Pilastro 55x55

GARAGE 3000

5

15

15

MAGAZZINO

Pilastro 35x35

Pilastro 40x40

15

ST Ø 8/15'' ST Ø 8/15''

15

3 Ø 16

2 Ø 16

15

Pilastro 45x45

ST Ø 8/10'' ST Ø 8/15''

199

5

ST Ø 8/10'' ST Ø 8/15''

15

15

360

4

ST Ø 8/15'' ST Ø 8/15''

77

3

ST Ø 8/10'' LEG Ø 8/10''

15

4

ST Ø 8/10'' LEG Ø 8/10''

Sezione 6-5

15

Pilastro 40x40

UFFICI

91

4

60

3

184

2

15

361

3

Sezione 5-6

15

15

CIVILE ABITAZIONE

45

Staffe Ø 8

21

ST Ø 8/15'' LEG Ø 8/15''

45

45

195

Pilastro 35x35

15

240

240

ST Ø 8/10''

2 Ø 16 L = 560 235 55

70

94 101

3

70

2

ST Ø 8/10''

234

1

15

429

2

10

35

35

Pilastro 30x30 15

15

CIVILE ABITAZIONE

35

Staffe Ø 8

2 Ø 16 L = 540 55

429

Pilastro 30x30

10

10

15

15

35

240

2

20

55

1

2 Ø 16 L = 325 290

20

2 Ø 16 L = 325 290

COPERTURA

Diagamma del momento

101

Diagramma del taglio

70

Diagramma dello sf.normale

10

1000

0

B

N (KN) 5000

D

2000

3000

4000

Armatura resistente M (KN m)

Sezione 3-4

1750

1000

2000

750

500

N (KN)

250

0

500

2 Ø 16 25 35

D

750

1000

1250

1500

1750

N min M Punto A: (302 KN ; 17,4 KN m) M N max Punto B: (362 KN ; 17,4 KN m)

N (KN)

-75

2 Ø 16 30 40

5

-100

M N min Punto C: (354 KN ; 18,5 KN m) M N max Punto D: (374 KN ; 18,5 KN m)

10 Sez. 1-2:

10 30

Staffe Ø 8

30 Sez. 2-1:

30

5

-500

0

35

10

2 Ø 16

150

N min M Punto A: (680 KN ; 27,1 KN m) M N max Punto B: (838 KN ; 27,1 KN m) M N min Punto C: (710 KN ; 11 KN m) M N max Punto D: (850 KN ; 11 KN m)

100

50

2000

-50

5

250

45

C

-25

5

3 Ø 16

200

100

40

30 250

B

30

25

Sezione 5-4

Sez. 2-3:

10 35

A B C D 500

1000

1500

N min M Punto A: (1223 KN ; 29,1 KN m) M N max Punto B: (1320 KN ; 29,1 KN m)

18

1500

A

5

25 1250

-100

Sez. 2-1:

25

1000

-75

Sez. 1-2:

Staffe Ø 8

750

-50

5

10

10

0 -25

25

25

250

C D A B 250 500

25

5

500

5

2 Ø 16 20 30

5

50

B

35

20 30

750

Sezione 4-5

M (KN m)

75

25

1000

200 150

100

75 50

Pilastro 3-4

2 Ø 16

M (KN m)

Pilastro 2-3

100

5

2 Ø 16

2 Ø 16 5

M (KN m)

Pilastro 1-2

Sezione 4-3

5

Sezione 3-2

18

Sezione 2-1

2000

2500

50

3000

N (KN)

5

35

Sez. 3-2:

18

3 Ø 16 18

45 40

-500

5

10

N min

Staffe Ø 8

C A

5

Sezione 2-3

5

Sezione 1-2

M Punto C: (1240 KN ; 28 KN m) M N max Punto D: (1335 KN ; 28 KN m)

30

10

40

Staffe Ø 8

10

30

Staffe Ø 8

40 30

35

10

0

500

1000

Sez. 3-4:

Sez. 4-3:

1500

D B 2000

2500

3000

3500 N (KN)

N min M Punto A: (1037,1 KN ; 43,4 KN m) M N max Punto B: (1860 KN ; 43,4 KN m) N min M Punto C: (1785 KN ; 63,2 KN m) M N max Punto D: (1880 KN ; 63,2 KN m)

30

40

M.G.Nerla | 41

Stylist’s house - Mixed-use Terraced House

Stylist’s house Mixed-use Terraced House

42 | M.G.Nerla

Location: Modena, Italy Year: 2011/12 Team: M.G.Nerla, D.De Cecco, L. Di Chiara, F. Di Nocco, G. Fratoni Type: Academic project - Technical Architecture I

M.G.Nerla | 43

Stylist’s house - Mixed-use Terraced House CONTEXT: This project is located in “Villaggio Artigiano” district in Modena, Italy. Since the area is historically oriented towards craft and trade, the idea is to replace existing unused industrial buildings with new mixed-use buildings (shop on the ground floor and residence on the upper floors).

IDEA: Our project concerns one of these terraced houses, which is designed for a fashion stylist and his family. On the ground floor public atelier and private house coexist without disturbing each other., thanks to separate front and back entrances.

The North facing facade is designed to minimize heat loss and appears compact and with few windows, while the South facing side is more open in order to maximize solar contribution.

Specific shadings and vegetation control the amount of sunlight coming inside.

GREEN TERRACE and INTEGATED PV The green terrace can be considered an exstension of the first floor living area. Vegetation provides both privacy and protection from sunlight, while the green roof helps with its insulating function.

The sloping roof is designed to be covered of photovoltaic panels and maximize solar radiation incidence.

44 | M.G.Nerla

Stylist’s house - Mixed-use Terraced House

M.G.Nerla | 45

Post-Earthquake - Analysis of Historical Neighbourhood

Post-Earthquake

Analysis of Historical Neighbourhood

46 | M.G.Nerla

Location: Mirandola, Italy Year: 2012/13 Team: M.G. Nerla, D. De Cecco, L. Di Chiara, F. Di Nocco, G. Fratoni Type: Academic project - Technical Architecture II

M.G.Nerla | 47

Post-Earthquake - Analysis of Historical Neighbourhood After Emilia-Romagna was struck by an earthquake in 2012, we had the chance to visit Mirandola, the most damaged town.

Our objective was to understand where and why the most significant cracks and damages took place. All the damages were classified.

In this case an accurate analysis regarding the history of the town and a recostruction of the most important stages of its urban evolution are crucial.

In order to do that, first we made a research on the ancient unit of measurement that was used there since the Middle Age. Then, we reconstructed the historical evolution of buildings in a specific neighbourhood and tryed to predict the possible damages in case an earthquake occurred.

Enventually, we compared these data with the real ones from site analysis. As a result, many of them coincided; that means that many damages could have been predicted before the earthquake.

In conclusion, we proposed some reinforcements and improvements to the existing damaged structures, in order to reuse them and prevent future accidents.

48 | M.G.Nerla

FACADE: Corner detachment Wall overturning Roof pushing out

PLAN: Inadequate connection Slabs pushing each other

Discontinuous wall

Inadequate connection Partial wall overturning Discontinuous wall

Post-Earthquake - Analysis of Historical Neighbourhood NEW ROOF Before

CONNECTIONS IMPROVEMENT After

Reinforcements

MASONRY REINFORCEMENTS

SLAB REINFORCEMENT

Before

OPENING STEEL REINFORCEMENT After

M.G.Nerla | 49

S. Francesco - Square Restoration

S. Francesco Square Restoration

50 | M.G.Nerla

Location: Bologna, Italy Year: 2014/15 Team: M.G. Nerla, D. De Cecco, L. Di Chiara, F. Di Nocco, G. Fratoni, S.Cavazza Type: Academic project - Restoration

M.G.Nerla | 51

S. Francesco - Square Restoration CONTEXT: S. Francesco Square is located in the city center of Bologna. It is not only an important city heritage, but also a place with a strong identity, a meeting point where young people and students are used to stay and spend the evening.

Unfortunately, at the moment this square is spoiled by deteriorated paving in some points, graffiti, a small neglected recycling area and the presence of parking areas and traffic.

IDEA: Our project aims to restore this historical square and at the same time enhance its beauty and livability for modern citizens.

The starting point was represented by a deep historical analysis about this square and its evolution during the past centuries.

Then, geometric and architectonic surveys were performed.

The analisis of the existent continued with the creation of thematic maps regarding road network, services, activities, perception, paving, lighting, vegetation.

Eventually, we proposed a restoration project focused mainly on revealing new perspectives, eliminating sight obstructions, managing pedestrian, bicycle and car paths, integrating the square with its urban surroundings, eliminating parking lots and moving them underground, changing paving and raising a portion of it creating a few steps where to sit.

52 | M.G.Nerla

NEW SQUARE:

PROJECT IDEAS ON EXISTENT Enhance this new perspective on the basilica side entrance, which was historically the main one.

Create a filter between S.Francesco and the adjacent crowded Malpighi Square.

This should be mainly pedestrian.

Eliminate sight obstruction Eliminate parking lots and move them underground New recycling area in Via del Borgotto

Vegatation has a crucial role in unifying this fragmented square. In front of the basilica the pavement becomes semipermeable, as it used to be in the past.

Also antique paths are ricreated with a different paving material in front of the basilica.

Here, local commercial and recreational activities get extra space outside.

Once a cloister, now a poorly maintained small garden.

This will become a rised portion of the square where people will be able to sit, relax and enjoy a new perspective of the square.

M.G.Nerla | 53

S. Vitale - New Centrality in Suburb

S.Vitale district New Centrality in Suburb

54 | M.G.Nerla

Location: S. Vitale, Bologna, Italy Year: 2011/12 Team: M.G. Nerla, D. De Cecco, L. Di Chiara, F. Di Nocco, G. Fratoni Type: Academic project - City planning

M.G.Nerla | 55

S. Vitale - New Centrality in Suburb CONTEXT: The site is located in a Bologna suburb called “S. Vitale”, a critical area surrounded by industrial and rural areas, enclosed by the orbit road/motorway system and the suburban railway.

The only remarkable presence in the area is an isolated and ancient villa “Pallavicini” with its park.

IDEA: At the moment, there is a neat separation between urban and rural area, given by an important road called “Via Mattei”, which connects the suburb to the city center. Our idea is that this area, intercluded between the city and the countryside, shoud make both aspects merge smoothly.

Given an existing project to construct a high speed road in this site, we decide to divert the traffic from Via Mattei to this new road and to move a portion of that infrastructure underground.

We also need to enhance the area accessibility, expecially for pedestians and bicycles. In order to do so, we create a strong connection between the suburb train station and the existing villa. The industrial area that separates our site from the station will be redeveloped as commercial and residential area.

This new street will be surrounded by a linear park and will connect all the main points of interest: that is a school, a management centre wih its 75m tower, a central square with shops and a market were farmers directly sell their products.

Eventually, there are both high and low density residences.

The former are buildings with a central courtyard, in continuity with the public park and bike paths continue inside them seamlessy. The latter are villas which archiecturally blend with the countryside by means of a vegetated roof.

56 | M.G.Nerla

Area enclosed by infrastructures and disused industry (North). Ancient, isolated villa (cross) in the middle.

Our area (in red) is a connection between city (yellow) and countryside (green).

New road already planned by municipality (in red), where traffic from Via Mattei road will be diverted.

Disused industrial area redeveloped as commercial and residential area.

Pedestrian and bike paths connect the suburb railway station with the existing villa.

Linear park surrounding the new pedestrian streets.

Residential area (in yellow) as an extension of the linear park and the countryside.

Main services and a square create a new centrality in this district.

Overview of main project ideas.

S. Vitale - New Centrality in Suburb VEGETATION Public park Private courtyard garden for public use School yard

ACTIVITIES Market Primary School Secondary School Commercial Offices Sports centre

PATHS Roads Bike paths Elevated pedestrian path Pedestrian paths Private paths for public use Park paths Sidewalks

M.G.Nerla | 57

Makers + PB - Rebirth of Bargellino District

Makers + PB

Rebirth of Bargellino District

58 | M.G.Nerla

Location: Bargellino, Calderara di Reno, Italy Year: 2012 Team: M.G. Nerla, D. De Cecco, L. Di Chiara, F. Di Nocco, G. Fratoni Type: Academic project - City planning

M.G.Nerla | 59

Makers + PB - Rebirth of Bargellino District CONTEXT: This project is located in Bargellino district, Calderara di Reno, Italy, in a desused and isolated industrial district near the Bologna airport.

URBAN VISION: On the one hand, we focus on strenghtening trasportation routes and on connecting this district with both city centre and airport. On the other hand, our vision is to reuse the abandoned small factories by giving makers and creative people the opportunity to occupy these buildings. In this place, they will find all the space they need to set up their activities and develop their products. Public incentives will help this gradual transformation and makers will find some ready-to-use facilities and equipment. This will create a co-working experience, where creatives will be able to share services, opinions, experiences. Eventually, they should create a sort of community, source of new ideas and innovation.

PERSONAL BRANDER: One of the free lance professionals in this district will be a “personal brander”, a marketing consultant who helps his clients to build a strong identity and a remarkable image of theirselves: in short, a “personal brand”. One of the unsed small factories in this area will become its workspace. The project for that building is inspired by the idea of light refraction, which is also a symbol of its job: highlighting and reinterpreting some features in order to make a personal image stand out. The building is divided in two main spaces: the front zone where he meets his clients and the working area in the rear, separated by a special system of luminescent optical fiber cables which act as filter.

60 | M.G.Nerla

URBAN VISION Bike lane Pedestrian paths Exhibition itinerary Existent facilities Design facilities Green areas Co-working spaces Disused buildings occupied by makers Train station

Makers + PB - Rebirth of Bargellino District MARKETING AREA - entrance

PERSONAL BRANDER WORKPLACE REFRACTION: “Change in direction of propagation of a wave due to a change in its transmission medium�

Entrance FILTERS:

Marketing

Creating

Scattering

Different mediums compose this architecture, each one wth its rhythm. Three filters modulate this change and the overall perception.

External skin: during the day glazing blocks sunlight and appears dark. In the night it becomes transparent and makes the internal lights come out, creating a landmark.

Optical fibre side-glow: transmitting sun- Suspended volumes: each function light from the roof to the ground floor, it separates inside the workspace has got its volume the marketing area from the creative workshop and its light. Each volume is covered by a area in the rear. particular translucent material and emits its own glow in the interstitial space.

IT team office

Graphic team office

Meeting room Studio flat Storage

PB office Toilet

WORKSHOP AREA - different configurations

M.G.Nerla | 61

Thank you for your consideration mariagiuditta.nerla@gmail.com