Solar System dossier

SOLAR

SYSTEM

Natural Science 1 ESO.

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’ The large groups of stars are ….

The enormous balls of extremely hot gas are…

Galaxies

Stars

UNIVERSE is formed of

Planets

Nebulae

s

Are spherical bodies which revolve around the sun.

Are composed of clouds of gas and dust and surrounds the stars.

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The galaxy we live in is the Milky Way.

OUR SOLAR SYSTEM

Beginning The Solar system was formed approximately five thousand million years ago by a huge explosion called BIG-BANG.

Made up of …

, moons

Sun comets

8 planets

dwarf planets

meteors

Asteroid belt

What do you think can be the meaning of this mnemonics?

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The Sun is a star which consists mainly of two gases: hydrogen and helium.

It’s the largest celestial body.

The

inner planets

are called terrestrial planets (these planets orbit close

to the sun) are:

Mercury

It’s the smallest and closest to the Sun. No satellites.

No atmosphere

Venus

It

is different from all the other

planets because it spins "backwards" on its axis.

It’s the planet with the longest day; takes 243 Earth days.

No satellites.

CO2 in the atmosphere.

Earth

It has a satellite, the Moon.

Its atmosphere is composed by nitrogen and oxygen.

Mars

Also called the red planet.

It has two sallites.

CO2 in the atmosphere.

They are mostly made of rock and metal and have few or no moons.

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The outer

planets

are called gas giants. These planets orbit far from the sun) are: It’s the largest planet. It’s so big

Jupiter.

that all the other planets could fit inside it.

It’s the planet with the shortest day; a day on Jupiter only takes 9.8 Earth hours!

It has more than 50 satellites.

Saturn

It has a group of rings made of dust and rocks.

It’s the lightest planet that we know .

It has more than 25 satellites.

It has a group of rings.

Uranus

It’s an extremely cold planet. It’s called the”ice giant”

It has more than 10 satellites.

Neptune

It’ a very windy place, winds can reach 1931 km/h

They are mostly huge, mostly gaseous, ringed, and have many moons . They also have much more mass than the terrestrial planets.

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The Planets in Our Solar System

Planet

Period of Period of Revolution Rotation Around the Sun (1 planetary (1 planetary day) year)

Mercury

87.96 Earth days

58.7 Earth days

Venus

224.68 Earth days

Earth

365.26 days

Mars

686.98 Earth days

Jupiter

11.862 Earth years

Saturn

Diameter (km)

Temperature Number of (ºK) Moons

4,878 km

100-700 K mean=452 K

0

243 Earth days

12,104 km

726 K

0

24 hours

12,756 km

260-310 K

1

24.6 Earth hours

6,787 km

150-310 K

2

9.84 Earth hours

142,796 km

120 K (cloud tops)

67

29.456 Earth years

10.2 Earth hours

120,660 km

88 K

62

Uranus

84.07 Earth years

17.9 Earth hours

51,118 km

59 K

27

Neptune

164.81 Earth years

19.1 Earth hours

48,600 km

48 K

13

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What is an asteroid?

It

is

rock

a in

large outer

space

A belt of asteroids lies between Mars and Jupiter.

It is made up of thousands of objects too small to be considered planets.

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What is a comet? .

A comet is a small celestial body. They are made up of dust, ice and rock, which release gas clouds when they are near the Sun. Comets come from two places: The Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud.

What is the Kuiper Belt?

The Kuiper Belt is a disc-shaped region of icy objects beyond the orbit of Neptune, billions of kilometers from our sun. Pluto and Eris are the best known of these icy worlds. There may be hundreds more of these ice dwarfs out there. The Kuiper Belt and even more distant Oort Cloud are believed to be the home of comets that orbit our sun.

Did you know…?

Halley's Comet is the most famous comet. It is a "periodic" come that comes back to the Earth about every 75 years. The last time it was here was in 1986, and it is expected to return in 2061.

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Answer these questions:

1. From the Earth, when can we see Mercury?_________________ 2. Which planet is the hottest?_______________________ 3. Is Venus or Mars the planet closest in size to the Earth? ________________ 4. Is the Earth the densest planet in our Solar System? _______________ 5. Is there any water on the surface of Mars? __________________ 6. Does Jupiter have any orbiting rings? _______________ 7. Unlike other planets, Uranus rotates on its side. Does this give Uranus strong seasons or permanently cold poles? _______________________ 8. Is Neptune a gas giant? ________________ 9. How many planets and dwarf planets are in our Solar System?_________________ 10. Which planet or dwarf planet is nearest to the Sun?_______________________ 11. Which planet or dwarf planet is farthest from the Sun?_______________________ 12. Which planet is the biggest?_______________________ Material creat per Marian Ruiz Simón- Projecte AICLE- Escola Túrbula 2014

13. Which planet has the biggest, most easily-seen rings orbiting it? _____________________ 14. What is the name of the group of objects that orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter? _______________________ 15. What is at the center of our Solar System?_______________________ 16. Are the inner planets made of rock or gas? _______________________ 17. What are the icy objects with huge tails that orbit the Sun? ______________________ 18. Which planet is called the "red planet"? ______________________

Match the words with the definition: 1 The Universe

a is a ball of very hot gas which produces energy.

2 A galaxy

b is composed of galaxies,stars,planets and nebulae.

3 The Milky Way

c is a large group of stars.

4 A nebula

d is the galaxy we live in

5 A star

e is made of clouds of gas and dust.

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ENGLISH

CATALÀ

DEFINITION

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