Earth's Weather by Philip Smith and Laurence Fairchild
Atmosphere The Earth's atmosphere is made up of 4 types of gases,oxygen, nitrogen,carbon dioxide, and argon. The atmosphere protects us from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the Sun and the suction of space. there are four layers of the atmosphere. in lowest to highest order they are, the troposhere, the stratosphere, the mesoephere, and the thermoshere
Convection convection is the heat transfer by the movement of objects. it happens in the water and air because earth heats up and pushes the warm air to higher places while colder air is being pushed down into lower places
this convection is a cycle that never stops
Wind Currents Wind is what is produced when air is at different pressures. Wind flows from high pressure to low pressure, but because of the earths rotation the wind in the Northern hemisphere is deflected to the right and in the Southern the left.
Ocean Currents the water in the ocean is never still, it moves in currents. there are two types of currents, surface and deep water currents. as it sounds, the surface currents are on the surface, and deep water currents are under water. the main causes of ocean currents are the sun and gravity. the suns heats the water and creates a small slope, the water goes down these slopes causing currents.
High Pressure / Low pressure It is also known as cyclones and anticyclones. Warm air rises because it has less pressure and cool air drops because it has more pressure.
# types of fronts a front is an area between two different air masses. there are three types of fronts. warm, cold, and stationary. a cold front happens when cold air is replacing warm air at the surface. a warm front is where warm air replaces cold air at the surface. a stationary front is where a warm and cold front come in contact and stay put. this is a cold front
Hurricanes A hurricane is formed by a low air pressure center surrounded by a spiral of thunderstorms. A hurricane produces strong winds and heavy rain. Its high wind speeds blasts down houses and destroys everything in its path.
Tornadoes A tornado is a violent rotating column of air extending from a storm to the ground. they have very fast wind speeds.(big ones can reach 300 mph.)tornadoes form in storms. You need warm air from the ocean, and cool air from land. When these two air masses meet, they create instability in the atmosphere. this forms a funnel cloud, then a tornado. a tornado has the power to lift buildings off the ground.
The Sun and its energy The sun is the main cause of all weather on earth. The hot air produces winds and evaporates water. It creates the water cycle which is important for all life on earth.
Weather Maps
there are two warm fronts coming from the south, and a warm front coming from the north. there is a stationary front in california. low pressure areas in north, and a low pressure area in the southwest.
Isotherm and Isobar an isotherm is a line equal temperature. there are popular in weather maps to show equal temperature. an isobar is a line of equal pressure. They can be used to find areas of low or high pressure over a large area (like the U. S.)
Precipitation There are four types of precipitation, rain, snow, sleet, and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere is filled with water vapour then condenses and precipitates
Clouds A cloud is a large collection of very tiny droplets of water or ice crystals. they form because the tiny water droplets clump around dust in the air, when the clouds get big enough, they participate.
types of clouds there are many types of clouds. the cirrus cloud is thin and wispy. the altocimulus clouds louk like parallel bars sweeping across the sky. the nimbostratus clouds are dark, and low clouds, these are the typical rain clouds. the cumulus clouds are small clouds that look like floating cotton. if these clouds grow, the turn into the cumulonimbus cloud, a big storm cloud.
Dew point The dew point is the point in which the air condenses enough to form dew or water droplets. Dew is the water on the front lawn early in the morning.
How scientists get images scientists get their images they use from satellites. satellites are basically cameras that float in space and take pictures of what scientists want them to.
Meteorological instruments Meteorologist use three main instruments, a barometer which measures air pressure,an anemometer which measures wind speed, and a thermometer which measures air temperature.
who did what laurence did 1 2 4 6 8 10 13 16 18
philip did slides 3 5 7 9 11 12 14 15 17