BEYOND THE RAILWAY YARD A Green Hug for Milan Toscana / Porta Romana
TEAM 03
Acelya Nilgun Balikci Mariette Llewellyn Vanessa Robin Shaghayegh Allahdad Shikha Gadru
Project Report
Energy and Urban Planning Workshop School of Architecture Urban Planning and Construction Engineering MSc in Urban Planning and Policy Design First semester, 2020-2021
Professors: Eugenio Morello Barbara Piga Teaching assistants: Nicola Colaninno Andrea De Toni Erpinio Labrozzi Israa Mahmoud Gabriele Stancato
ABSTRACT
The Municipality of Milan has embarked on a journey to revitalise the abandoned railway stations and tracks around the city. The Circle Line project addresses the regeneration of the neighborhoods along these tracks in terms of not only mobility infrastructure, but also with an aim to emerge as a new backbone for the city. As a policy framework, it also follows the Sustainable Development Goals promoted by the UN with a specific focus on SDG 11. As a part of this effort, the students of Group 3 of the Energy, Climate and Urban Planning Studio were tasked with proposing solutions to the southern segment of Toscana - Porta Romana. This segment comprises of parts of the neighborhoods of Morivione, Ticinese and Vigentino. The area is an emerging commercial hub, with a proposal for the Olympic Village for Milan-Cortina Games 2026 and a part of the Reinventing Cities project funded by the EU. Following initial site study and research, it was evident that the urban area of the neighborhood
was surrounded by two kinds of barriers: an infrastructure barrier in the north formed due to the ex-railway yard Scalo Romana, and a natural barrier between the rural area (Vettabia Park) in the south. The area was further analysed with urban heat island risk assessment to identify the main hotspots (parking lots) and mitigation statregies. These included the identification of several cooling agents such as supermarkets and tree canopies. In order to overcome the barriers, the railway yard has been converted into a transport hub along with tactical urban inventions. On the southern end, the aim was to reduce fragmentation of urban lands through the proposals of nature-based solutions like green corridors and permeable parking. Along with these, there was also a focus on the soon to be constructed Toscana Station with an aim to strengthen the slow mobility elements that were not well developed in the neighborhood earlier.
CONTENTS
1 2 3 4 5 4
Beyond the railway yard
URBAN CHALLENGES
6
TRANSFORMABILITY POTENTIAL
20
RISK ASSESSMENT
26
CONCEPT DESIGN
37
INDICATORS
BEFORE / AFTER ASSESSMENT
45
1
1
URBAN CHALLENGES
Beyond the railway yard
5
THE GREEN HUG FOR MILAN
SEGMENT 3
The segment 3 of Toscana-Porta Romana lies in Municipio 4 and 5, with neighbourhoods including Scalo Romana, Ticinese, Morivione and Vigentino. Due to the presence Parco Sud, the peripheral area is characterized by low population density.
6
Beyond the railway yard
FIELD SURVEY: LAND USE
Symbiosis - Milan
Bocconi University
Fondazione Prada
Ravizza park
Parco Dello Memorie Industriali
Agricultural land
Mobility network 15% 38% Residential
10% 8% 10%
Green area The site is characterized by high residential area towards the norht (city center) with a mix of commercial and industrial in the middle region. Parco Sud forms the large agricultural part in the southern part of the site.
19% Industrial
Public & private services
Office buildings
Educational buildings
Commercial buildings
Cultural buildings
Beyond the railway yard
7
FIELD SURVEY: SITE CHARACTER
The area is characterized by two prominent types of boundaries within its urban fabric- an agricultural boundary with the Parco Sud in the south and an infrastructure boundary formed by the former railway yard. These boundaries have caused fragmentation between the urban, peri-urban and rural fabric of the area.
8
Beyond the railway yard
SITE SURVEY: Fast Mobility SITE SURVEY: Fast Mobility 24 24 Mobility 65 79 SITE SURVEY: Fast
79 FIELD SURVEY: FAST MOBILITY 24 24
79 79
6 6 6 91 91 91
5
6 Toscana Toscana
S S Toscana
90 90
S
90
S
90
91
5
65
92
65 65
92
92
5
92
5
92 92
92 91 90
92
91 90
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
91 90 91 90
Lodi TIBB M LodiMTIBB Existing railway station The area ofFuture prospective Existing railway station Existing railway station station The arearailway of prospective (Porta Romana) railway station (Toscana) (Porta Romana) Romana) railway(Toscana) station (Toscana) (Porta Existing railway station The area of prospective 3 4railway station (Porta3 Romana) Existing railway station 4The(Toscana) area of prospective
M Lodi TIBBMilano Milano Porta Romana Porta Romana
TIBB M Lodi S S4
Milano Porta Romana 4
S
Toscana
Milano Porta Romana 4
S
3
3
4
34
(Porta Romana) 4
railway station (Toscana)
4
34
34
3 3
34
3
Car parking areas creatin an unpleasant atmosphere Car parking parkingareas areascreating creatin an an unpleasant unpleasant atmosphere atmosphere Car 5Car parking areas creatin an6unpleasant atmosphere
3 95 95
6
5
6
6 creatin an unpleasant atmosphere Car parking areas
95 95
95
95
95
24
79
65
91 90
M Dedicated routes to tram and bus lines
Dedicated routes bus lines routes totram buses tram DedicatedDedicated routes to tram and to bus linesandand
Stations
Networks
65
M
92
65 65 79 79 79
S
92
95 79
5
5
S 91
65
90 24
79
65
34
92
91 90
M
Urban railway Urban railway Dedicated routes toStations tram and bus lines Networks Stations Networks Metro lineNetworks 3 Metro line 3Future projects Urban railway Urban Urban railway Urban railway railway Bus network SFuture train network Urban Bus railways Stations Metro line 3 Networks Metro line 3 Metro line 3 Metro line 3 Tram network Tram network station M Metro line 3 Bus network Bus network network Urban railway Bus networkBus Urban railway Tram network Walking accessibility Future projects Tram Tram network Tram network Walking Metronetwork lineBus 3 network Metro line accessibility 3 Urban railway Bus network Bus network Tram network Walking accessibility Future projects Walking accessibility Future projects future stations 800m
Tram network
34
24 79
24
95
91
90
24
65
2492
65 92
34
M 95
Urban railway M stations Metro stations future Bus stations
S
34 34
24 79
92
Urban railway Urban railway Stations future stations future Futurestations projects S Train stations
91 90
34
M
Tram stations
Tram network 400m
800m
400m 800m
400m
400m
800m
800m
400m
Future walking accessibility
800m 400m 400m
800m
400m
Beyond the railway yard
M S
800m
Existing walking Walking accessibility accessibility
95
9
SITE SURVEY: Slow Mobility
FIELD SURVEY: SLOW MOBILITY
Designed Cycle paths with good facilities that connects Designed Cycle paths with good facilities that the residential areas to services connects the residential areas to services
Designed Cycle paths with good facilities that connects the residential areas to services
Example of streets with good facilitiesfacilities like green Example of streets with walking good walking spaces, seating spaces vs. Example of streets with poor like green spaces, seating spaces vs. Example of walking facilities streets with poor walking facilities
Example of streets with good walking facilities like green spaces, seating spaces vs. Example of streets with poor walking facilities
24
79
65
Providing safety Providing safetyfor for pedestrian crosswalks pedestrianwith with crossintersections walksonon intersections
92 91 90
79
24
65
92 90 91 92
Walking facilities Networks Walking distance Stations Bike-sharing stations
90 92
M 34
S 91
M
90
10
Beyond the railway yard 95
Pedestrianfacilities Areas with Walking BikeMi sharing network seating spaces stations Areas with seating facilities Cycle path
250m
Walking distance
34
M
S
Networks Providing safety for Different modes of M Walking facilities Networks pedestrian with crosswalks e-sharing mobility Cycle path on intersections Pedestrian Areas with network Pedestrian areaseating spaces Stations Cycle path
M S
91
S
Different modes Different modesofof M e-sharing mobility e-sharing mobility
95
Stations accessibility Walking BikeMi sharing 5-minute walking accessibility to stations bike-sharing stations
250m
SITE SURVEY: Environmental network SITE SURVEY: Environmental network FIELD SURVEY: ENVIRONMENTAL NETWORK
1
2
1
2
The infrastructurethat that Blueblue infrastructure continues to the south continues to the south The blue infrastructure that 3 continues to the south
Green infrastructure The green infrastructure along the railwayyard along the railway The green infrastructure 4 along the railway
3
4
6 6
2
5 5
2 1 1 The agricultural the south areaarea The agricultural areasareas on theonsouth of theofstudy (Parco Agricolo Sud Milano) (Parco Agricolo Sud Milano)
5
The agricultural areas on the south of area (Parco Agricolo 6 Sud Milano)
5
6
Existing Urban place An existinggreen green Urbanparks parks as as aa place infrastructure corridor forrecreational reacreationalactivities activities infrastructure corridor for An existing green Urban parks as a place infrastructure corridor for reacreational Future projectsactivities Natural systems
Natural systems 3 3
4 4
Green areas Future green Green areas Natural systems corridors Forest areas Forest areas Environmental Green areasareas Agricultural Agricultural areas Futureregeneration projects Forestcanopy areas Tree projects Tree canopy Agricultural areas Future Futuregreen projects Ecological Urban renewal Tree canopy network Ecological network corridors projects Blue infrastructure Future green Environmental Ecological network Blue infrastructure corridors regenration projects River ecological corridors Blue infrastructure Environmental River ecological corridor Urban renewal regenration projects Green infrastructure projects River ecological Green infrastructure corridors Urban renewal Green infrastructure projects Beyond the railway yard
11
EXPERIENTIAL WALK
12
Beyond the railway yard
PLANNING AND PROJECT’S CONTEXT : HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Beyond the railway yard
13
PLANNING AND PROJECT’S CONTEXT Completed projects Bocconi University New Campus Fondazione Prada Fastweb Building (Symbiosis)
On-going projects Porta Romana Station ICS House (Symbiosis) Smart city lab Symbiosis Business District
Proposed projects A2A Tower Toscana Station Serio (Reinventing Cities) Agricultural Consortium (To be converted into student residence)
Plan (PGT) Scalo Romana (Abandoned railway yards to be converted into mixed-use development for the Olympic games 2026) OM-Pompei Leoni Urban Redevelopment (Redevelopment of buildings for residences, commerce, production, management and training) Area under environmental regeneration Area under urban renewal Parco Agricolo Sud Milano Proposed boundary for Parco Sud Circle railway yard
14
Beyond the railway yard
PLANNING AND PROJECT’S CONTEXT 2008
1
2015
2016
2
2018
2019
3
4
Beyond the railway yard
15
PLANNING AND PROJECT’S CONTEXT: PROJECTS & COMPETITIONS
1
16
2
Beyond the railway yard
MAPPING STAKEHOLDERS
Most of the actors in this neighborhood belong to the category of collaboration, with majority related to the development of the ex-railway yard (Scalo Romana). Along with this there are several actors involved with the commercial projects developing this area, providing an opportunity to collaborate and propose redevelopment around the circle line.
Local-scale stakeholders
City-scale stakeholders
Regional-scale stakeholders
Beyond the railway yard
17
2
TRANSFORMABILITY POTENTIAL
18
Beyond the railway yard
TRANSFORMATION TIMELINE
Beyond the railway yard
19
POTENTIAL FORESTATION Maximum potential forestation areas
20
Beyond the railway yard
DEPAVING POTENTIAL | FEASIBLE DEPAVEMENT SCENARIO PERMEABILITY MAP
Parking lots Intersection nodes Paved open spaces Streets Parkings Supermarkets Beyond the railway yard
21
GREEN ROOF POTENTIAL
22
Beyond the railway yard
SYNTHESIS | HARD & SOFT PATTERNS Hard Transformability is not possible without alteration of the existing land use. (Railway lines, Canals, Agriculture land)
Less hard Transformability is partially possible. (Existing buildings, roads, pedestrian paths, cycle paths etc.)
In between Transformabilty is in progress currently or in the near future. Also includes the area under transformation (as per PGT) (Upcoming or proposed projects) Less soft Transformability is possible in the form of depavement; PotentiaI transformation. (Parking lots, traffic islands)
Soft Transformability is possible in the form of forestry. (Open spaces, depaved spaces, parks)
Beyond the railway yard
23
3
RISK ASSESSMENT
24
Beyond the railway yard
MILAN | TEMPERATURE STUDY
Beyond the railway yard
25
RISK ASSESSMENT | METHODOLOGY
26
Beyond the railway yard
CITY-LEVEL MAPPING
HAZARD: DAYTIME TEMPERATURE
EXPOSURE: POPULATION OF MILAN
VULNERABILITY
RISK
Beyond the railway yard
27
HAZARD & EXPOSURE
28
Beyond the railway yard
CAPACITY
Beyond the railway yard
29
SENSITIVITY & VULNERABILITY
30
Beyond the railway yard
RISK ANALYSIS MAPING
Residential Public/private services Induustrial Green areas
It was observed that the high risk areas have a residential typology followed by commercial and industrial with high level of asphalt and on-street car parking. Beyond the railway yard
31
REDUCE & MITIGATE THE CLIMATE RISK
POSSIBLE NATURE BASED SOLUTIONS TO MITIGATE THE RISK
Car parks with green area
32
Beyond the railway yard
Porous pavement
Tree lined street
Green roof
Bioswale
IMPROVING THE CAPACITY OF FOUNTAIN INFRASTRUCTURE In this map the main solution is the improvement of the existing water fountain capacity in terms of reducing vulnerability for elderly population. The defined risky areas were analysed and the possible suiltable public areas were detected to build new fountain infrastructure to reduce the risk level. The old and new fountain infrastructures can have effect on a 100-meters buffer area.
Beyond the railway yard
33
IMPROVING THE CAPACITY OF PRIVATE SECTOR In this map the main solution is using existing open space’s of private sector’s buildings to create cooler shadowing places in the risky areas. Some of the supermarkets are the starting point of collaboration, since their open spaces have taken one of the capacity layer of risk analyse process. Possible private partnerships are searched in the risky areas. These includes banks, supermarkets, comercial areas like coffes or restaurants. The effect areas of open spaces covers 300m buffer zone.
34
Beyond the railway yard
SWOT ANALYSIS
Strength
Weakness
Opportunity
Threat
Beyond the railway yard
35
4
CONCEPT DESIGN
36
Beyond the railway yard
CENTRALITIES OF TODAY Factors included in identifying centralities: To the city center
Urban density
Lodi TIBB Milano Porta Romana
S Fondazione Prada
OM-Pompei Leoni Redevelopment
Brenta
Smart City Lab
Commercial activity
The identified centralities were then divided into two scales: the ones falling along the main road with metro stations are the citylevel centralities as they connect the neighborhood to the city centre, whereas the other centralities are local in nature. The circle line as well as the ex-railway yard area emerged as infrastructure barriers.
Bocconi University
M
Accessibility and nodes
M
City-level commercials Local-level commercials Main roads
To the city center
Symbiosis
Cycle path
Bocconi University
Residential areas M
Projects
Lodi TIBB Milano Porta Romana
Infrastructural barrier
S
Lack of centralities NIL boundaries
Fondazione Prada
OM-Pompei Leoni Redevelopment
Traffic nodes Brenta
Smart City Lab
M
Mobility centralities Residential centralities
To the city center Symbiosis Bocconi University
Commercial centralities Green centralities
M
Cultural centralities
Lodi TIBB
Industrial centralities
Milano Porta Romana
S
Educational centralities City-level centralities buffer area
Fondazione Prada
OM-Pompei Leoni Redevelopment
Local-level centralities buffer area Brenta
Smart City Lab Symbiosis
M
Beyond the railway yard
37
CENTRALITIES OF TOMORROW
To the city center
Bocconi University
With the proposal of the new Toscano station on the metro line, the buffer area was increased to 800m, thus transforming the existing local centralities into a bigger city-level centrality. This area also includes new projects like Symbiosis, Smart city lab and Olympic Village Housing that would increase the urban density in the future. Along with this two other parts in the south were identified as new centralities.
The Olympic Village proposal (later social housing) will increase urban density Railway yard area no longer a barrier
M
Lodi TIBB Milano Porta Romana
S S
Fondazione Prada
OM-Pompei Leoni Redevelopment
City-level commercials
Brenta
Smart City Lab
Cycle path Residential areas
Symbiosis M
Proposed Toscana station increases accessibility
The Olympic Village proposal (later social housing) will increase urban density
M
Bocconi University
Smart City Lab
Commercial projects like Symbiosis and Smart city lab will increase density Symbiosis
Lodi TIBB
M
38 Symbiosis
NIL boundaries Traffic nodes Brenta
M
Mobility centralities Commercial centralities
Industrial centralities
Milano Porta Romana
Educational centralities City-level centralities buffer area
Fondazione Prada
OM-Pompei Leoni Redevelopment
Beyond the railway yard
Lack of centralities
Cultural centralities
Lodi TIBB
S
Brenta
Infrastructural barrier
Green centralities
Milano Porta Romana
Smart City Lab
Milano Porta Romana
S
Residential centralities
To the city center
S Fondazione Prada
Projects
Lodi TIBB
Fondazione Prada
OM-Pompei Leoni Redevelopment
Railway yard area no longer a barrier
Local-level commercials Main roads
To the city center
Bocconi University
To the city center
M
M
Local-level centralities buffer area Brenta
M
Centralities of tomorrow Symbiosis
TOWARDS A STRATEGIC PLAN Through this strategy, the new station of Toscana connects to a system of soft mobility network that includes reconnecting existing bike paths and providing a sustainable way of mobility using e-vehicles. Using this strategy, a connection will be made to overcome the main infrastructural barrier of the area which is the railway yard. As for the pedestrians, the traffic calming actions will be implemented to reduce the car speed in streets with high rate of accident. - DP 4: Enhance sustainable mobility options
P
M
P
S S
P
P
P P
M
P P
P P P
P
P
P
P
P P
P P
1. Creating a network of soft mobility from Toscana station P
This strategy addresses the existing fragmented green areas and aims at improving urban-rural connection with the proposal of green solutions, increasing livability and sustainability. - DP 1: Promoting Forestation - DP 5: Reconnect places and nature
2. Ecological corridors and greening from Parco Sud towards Scalo Romana
P P
P
P
P P
P P
P P P
P
P
P
P
P P
P P
3. Transit hub at Toscana
4. Cooling islands
5. Energy-efficient communities
P
The upcoming projects around Scalo Romana while im- This climate-proofing strategy has been derived from the This strategy aims at retrofitting the residential buildings built beproving the quality of the area also brings the need for a analysis of urban heat island risk assessment and aims at cre- fore 1975 with “G” energy classified buildings by CENED. For this new station at Toscana. Parts of the abandoned railway ating certains “islands” of adaptive capacities which include purpose the apartment typology of buildings has been chosen as yard around the station has potential for green public spa- green parks and tree canopies, water fountains and supermar- it decreases the energy consumption. The retrofitting is proposed ces, pocket parks and solar parks adding new and improved Cooling kets as air conditioned spots. using PV panels. Island efficientEnergy communities amenities for the users. - DP 6: Outdoor Climate-proof retrofitting -Creating DP 9: energy Accelerate Transition This climate-proofing strategy has been derived from the analysis of urban heat island - DP 4: Enhance sustainable mobility options risk assessment and aims at creating certains “islands” of adaptive capacities which - DP 9: Accelerate Energy Transition include green parks and tree canopies, water fountains and supermarkets as air condi- DP 2: Revitalizing areas along circle line tioned spots. Beyond the railway yard 39
MASTER PLAN
40
Beyond the railway yard
FOCUS AREA 1: TOSCANA STATION PEDESTRIAN ACCESS FROM FLYOVER
PEDESTRIAN CROSSING
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS | WALKSCORE
Viale Luigi Sturzo has a Walk Score of 97 out of 100. This location is a Walker’s Paradise so daily errands do not require a car. Nearby parks include Giardino Anna Stepanovna Politkovskaja, Isola Pepe Verde IPV and Giardino Comunitario Lea Garofalo. 10 minute walkability
Via Brembo and Via Giuseppe Ripamonti has a Walk Score of 80 and 71 out of 100 respectively. This location is comparatively not as Walkable as Viale Luigi sturzo. Some errands though, can be accomplished on foot. Schools and parks fal out of the comfortable walking boundary. 10 minute walkability
Beyond the railway yard
41
FOCUS AREA | VIALE BRENTA-CORSO LODI JUNCTION FOCUS AREA 2: COOLING ISLAND & NBS IMPLEMENTATION AT CORSO LODI
OUTDOOR SEATING GREEN ROOF
KEY PLAN BIOSWALE
OUTDOOR SEATING GREEN ROOF
PERMEABLE PAVER BLOCKS
BIOSWALE
PERMEABLE PAVER BLOCKS
PARKING WITH GREEN AREA
OVERALL VIEW
PARKING WITH GREEN AREA
NBS IMPLEMENTATION
Car parks with green area
Porous pavement
Green roof
Tree lined street
42
Bioswale
Beyond the railway yard
The existing parking lot at Carrefour, Corso Lodi, has been identified as one of the focus area for the implementation of NBS strategies. The entire lot has been depaved and repaved with permeable grass paver blocks. The pedestrian pathways have been integrated with green spaces and seating with a bioswale in the middle to absorb storm water and make the surroundings cool. Supermarkets have been identified as a stakeholder that can invest in the greening proposal, creating attractive spaces and increasing the number of people using their facilities.
NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS | CASE STUDIES
Beyond the railway yard
43
5
INDICATORS
BEFORE / AFTER ASSESSMENT
44
Beyond the railway yard
DESIGN PRINCIPLES | ACCELERATE ENERGY TRANSITION DESIGN PRINCIPLE 1 | Promoting reforestation to generate a strong green city scale infrastructure DESIGN PRINCIPLE DP 1: Promoting forestation
BEFORE
SDG 15-Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests and halt land degradation and biodiversity loss 11- Sustainable Cities and Communities 3- Good health and well being
INTERVENTIONS
OUTPUT INDICATOR
VALUE OF THE INDICATOR
1. Planting new trees
- Forest area percentage
- From 175 HA to 185 HA ( New planted trees: 7500 )
- Number of trees per person
- From 32.1 to 2.3
- Street trees percentage
- From 26 HA to 27.9 HA ( New street trees: 1980 )
AFTER
Exisitng tree canopy New tree canopy Existing street trees New street trees
Beyond the railway yard
45
DESIGN PRINCIPLE 2 | Revitalizing urban areas along the circle line and around the new stops
46
Beyond the railway yard
DESIGN PRINCIPLES | ACCELERATE ENERGYsustainable TRANSITION mobility opportunities DESIGN PRINCIPLE 4 | Enhance DESIGN PRINCIPLE DP 4: Enhance sustainable mobility opportunities
INTERVENTIONS
SDG
1. Enhance cycle path network
11- Sustainable Cities and Communities
OUTPUT INDICATOR - Cycle path network
2. Place new bike-sharing - Bike-sharing stations stations - 15-min walking accessibility to fast mobility stations
VALUE OF THE INDICATOR - From 6253m to 17465m (Added cycle path: 11212m) - From 12 to 24 - From 49.810 to 67.542 (Number of residents)
- 5-min walking accessibility to - From 27.004 to 47.766 (Number of residents) bike-sharing stations BEFORE
Metro station Train station 10-minute walking accessibility to stations 15-minute walking accessibility to stations
AFTER
Existing bike paths New bike paths Existing bike-sharing stations New bike-sharing stations 5-minute walking accessibility to bike-sharing stations
Residential areas Public & private services Industrial areas
Beyond the railway yard
47
DESIGN PRINCIPLES | ACCELERATE ENERGY TRANSITION DESIGN PRINCIPLE 5 | Reconnect places and nature and reduce fragmentation DESIGN PRINCIPLE
SDG
DP 5: Reconnect places and nature and reduce fragmentation
15-Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests and halt land degradation and biodiversity loss 11- Sustainable Cities and Communities 13- Climate Action
BEFORE
INTERVENTIONS 1. Enhance green availability
OUTPUT INDICATOR - people within the buffer zone of parks as percentage of total.
2. Connect parks and green areas with corridors - Cycle path network or ecological passages
- From 93% to 98%
- From 6253m to 17465m
AFTER
Existing green areas
Urban parks
Agricultural land
Shared garden
Existing cycle path
Forestation
New green areas
Pocket park
New cycle path
48
VALUE OF THE INDICATOR
Beyond the railway yard
DESIGN PRINCIPLES | ACCELERATE ENERGY TRANSITION retrofitting DESIGN PRINCIPLE 6 | Outdoor climate-proof DESIGN PRINCIPLE DP 6: Outdoor climate-proof retrofitting
INTERVENTIONS
SDG 9- Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure 13- Climate Action
1. Depave and repave permeably 2. Depave and transform green 3. Increase green quality of permeable surfaces
BEFORE
OUTPUT INDICATOR
VALUE OF THE INDICATOR
- Repaved surface
- 44252 m
2
- Depaved and transformmed to green surface
- 57453 m
2
- Green roofs
- From 20400 m2 to 49887 m
2
AFTER
M
M
S
S S
M
Exisitng tree canopy New tree canopy Existing street trees New street trees
M
Green roofs Depaved surfaces (greened) Permeable surfaces Water fountains
Beyond the railway yard
49
FOCUS FOCUS AREA AREA CLIMATE CLIMATE ANALYSIS ANALYSIS WITH WITH ENVIMET ENVIMET DESIGN PRINCIPLE 6 | Focus area climate analysis with Envimet FOCUS AREA CLIMATE ANALYSIS WITH ENVIMET TheThe Envi-Met Envi-Met software software waswas used used to to METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY The Envi-Met software was used to METHODOLOGY analyze analyze thethemicroclimate microclimateof ofthethe ENVIMET ENVIMET DATABASE DATABASE SIMULATION SIMULATION INPUT DATA DATA analyze the microclimate of the INPUT junction junction of of Viale Viale Brenta-Corso Brenta-Corso Lodi, Lodi, ENVIMET DATABASE SIMULATION INPUT DATA junction ofafter Viale Brenta-Corso Lodi, before before andand after implementation implementation of of Preparation Preparation Configuration Configuration Simulation Simulation before and after implementation thethe NBS NBS strategies. strategies. TheThe results results show show of Preparation Configuration Simulation stage stage stage stage stage stage the NBS strategies. The results show reduction reduction in in thethepotential potential air air stage stage stage reduction inthe the potential temperature temperature of of the area, area, suggesting suggesting air Digitising Digitising the the area area Climate Climate data data input input Analysis Analysis duration: duration: temperature of the area, thethe positive positive implementation implementation of suggesting ofthethe Air temperature: 1Analysis hour (13:00) (13:00) Digitising the area Air temperature: Climate data input 1 hour duration: using using Envi-Met Envi-Met the positive implementation of the Max: Max: 32°C 32°C Min: Min: 19°C 19°C for 23.06.2020 for 23.06.2020 Air temperature: 1 hour (13:00) vegetation vegetation andand green green roofroof strategies. strategies. using Envi-Met spaces spaces Wind Wind speed: speed: 1.6m/s 1.6m/s S-W S-W (hottest (hottest day) day) Max: 32°C Min: 19°C for 23.06.2020 vegetation and green roof strategies. spaces Wind speed: 1.6m/s S-W
BEFORE BEFORE BEFORE
OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT Map Map
Map interpretation interpretation interpretation stage stage stage Analysis Analysis of change of change ofair change in potential inAnalysis potential air in potential air temperature temperature temperature
(hottest day)
KEYKEY MAP MAP KEY MAP
AFTER AFTER AFTER
FigureFigure 1: Viale 1: Viale Brenta-Corso Brenta-Corso Lodi: Lodi: Before Before 13.00.01 13.00.01 23.06.2020 23.06.2020 Figure 1: Viale Brenta-Corso Lodi: Before 13.00.01 x/y Cut x/y at k=0 Cut(z=0.3000 at k=0 (z=0.3000 m) m) 23.06.2020
FigureFigure 2: Viale 2: Viale Brenta-Corso Brenta-Corso Lodi: Lodi: AfterAfter 13.00.01 13.00.01 23.06.2020 23.06.2020 Figure 2: Viale Brenta-Corso Lodi: After 13.00.01 x/y Cut x/y at k=0 Cut(z=0.3000 at k=0 (z=0.3000 m) m) 23.06.2020
x/y Cut at k=0 (z=0.3000 m)
x/y Cut at k=0 (z=0.3000 m)
90.0090.00
90.0090.00 90.00
60.00 Potential Potential Air Temperature Air Temperature
30.0030.00 30.00
0.00 0.00 30.0030.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
30.00
60.0060.00
90.0090.00
60.00 X (m)X (m) X (m)
50
Beyond the railway yard
90.00
120.00 120.00 120.00
60.0060.00
Y (m)
Y (m)
Y (m)
60.0060.00
Y (m)
Y (m)
Y (m)
90.00
60.00 Potential Potential Air Temperature Air Temperature
below 21.61 °C below 21.61Air °CTemperature Potential to 22.76 21.61 21.61 to 22.76 °C °C below 21.61 °C to 23.92 22.76 22.76 to 23.92 °C °C 21.61 to 22.76 °C to 25.08 23.92 23.92 to 25.08 °C °C 22.76 to 23.92 °C to 26.24 25.08 25.08 to 26.24 °C °C 23.92 to 25.08 °C 30.0030.00 to 27.40 26.24 26.24 to 27.40 °C °C 25.08 to 26.24 °C 30.00 to 28.56 27.40 27.40 to 28.56 °C °C 26.24 to 27.40 °C to 29.71 28.56 28.56 to 29.71 °C °C 27.40 to 28.56 °C to 30.87 29.71 29.71 to 30.87 °C °C 28.56 to 29.71 °C aboveabove 30.87 30.87 °C °C 29.71 to 30.87 °C above 30.87 °C Min: 20.45 Min: 20.45 °C °C Max: 32.03 Max: 32.03 °C °C 0.00 0.00 Min: 20.45 °C Max: 32.03 °C 0.00 0.00 0.00
30.0030.00 0.00
30.00
60.0060.00
90.0090.00
60.00 X (m) X (m)
90.00 X (m)
120.00 120.00 120.00
below 21.47Air °CTempera below 21.47 °C Potential 21.47 21.47 to 22.63 °C °C to 22.63 below 21.4 22.63 22.63 to 23.80 °C °C to 23.80 21.47 to 22 23.80 23.80 to 24.97 °C °C to 24.97 22.63 to 23 24.97 24.97 to 26.13 °C °C to 26.13 23.80 to 24 26.13 26.13 to 27.30 °C °C to 27.30 24.97 to 26 27.30 27.30 to 28.46 °C °C to 28.46 26.13 to 27 28.46 28.46 to 29.63 °C °C to 29.63 27.30 to 28 29.63 29.63 to 30.80 °C °C to 30.80 28.46 to 29 aboveabove 30.80 30.80 °C °C 29.63 to 30 above 30.8 Min: 20.30 °C °C Min: 20.30 Max: 31.96 °C °C Max: 31.96 Min: 20.30 °C Max: 31.96 °C
DESIGN DESIGNPRINCIPLES PRINCIPLES||ACCELERATE ACCELERATEENERGY ENERGYTRANSITION TRANSITION DESIGN PRINCIPLES | ACCELERATE ENERGY TRANSITION DESIGN PRINCIPLE 9 | Accelerate energy transition DESIGN DESIGNPRINCIPLE PRINCIPLE
DESIGN PRINCIPLE DP DP9:9:Accelerate Accelerate energy energytransition transition DP 9: Accelerate energy transition
BEFORE BEFORE
SDG SDG
INTERVENTIONS INTERVENTIONS
OUTPUT OUTPUTINDICATOR INDICATOR
SDG INTERVENTIONS OUTPUT INDICATOR consumption after 7-7-Access toto 1.1.Energy retrofitting - Thermal consumption after Access Energy retrofittingofof“G” “G” - Thermal affordable standardretrofit retrofit affordableand and energy energyclassified classifiedbuildings buildingswith withstandard Thermal consumption after 7Access to 1. Energy retrofitting of “G” clean PVPVpanels cleanenergy energy panelsand andstandard standard retrofit affordable and thermal energyinsulation classified - Electricity 12Responsible -standard Electricityconsumption consumptionafter after 12Responsible thermal insulation buildings with clean energy PV panels and standard retrofit consumption retrofit consumptionand and - Electricity consumption after 12- Responsible thermal insulation production production retrofit consumption and 11Sustainable 11Sustainable production - Electricity cities and - Electricitypotential potentialfrom fromRES RES cities and 11Sustainable communities communities Electricity potential from RES cities and - Number ofofnew 2.2.E-charging -- Number newe-charging e-charging E-chargingpoints points communities points points - Number of new e-charging 2. E-charging points points AFTER AFTER
BEFORE
Selection Selectioncriteria criteriafor forbuildings: buildings: - -Buildings Buildingsolder olderthan than1970 1970(least (leastenegy enegy Selection criteria for buildings: efficient) efficient) Buildings older than 1970 (least enegy - --Residential Apartment blocks (Energy Residential Apartment blocks (Energy efficient) decreases consumption consumption decreaseswith withcompactness compactness Residential Apartment blocks (Energy ofofbuilding buildingtypology) typology) consumption decreases with compactness (Source: Morello, Bignardi, Rudini “Proposal forfor spatial (Source: Morello, Bignardi, Rudini “Proposal spatial of building typology) planning planningsupport supportsystem systemto toestimate estimateurban urbanenergy energy
VALUE VALUEOF OFTHE THEINDICATOR INDICATOR 2 2 VALUE OF THE INDICATOR toto4343 - From 233 kWh/m - From 233 kWh/m 2 2 kWh/m kWh/m - From 233 kWh/m2 to 43 2 - From -kWh/m From3250 3250 kWh/household/year kWh/household/yeartoto - From 3250 1950 kWh/household/year 1950 kWh/household/year kWh/household/year to kWh/household/year - 84825 kWh/month -1950 84825 kWh/month
(Source: Morello, Bignardi, Rudini “Proposal for spatial demand and potential renewable energy scenarios”) demand and potential renewable energy scenarios”) planning support system to estimate urban energy Electrical ofof Electricalpotential potentialfrom fromRES RESininthe theform form demand and potential renewable energy scenarios”) solar PV panels with an area of 1.6sqm solar PV panels with an area of 1.6sqm
Electrical potential from RES in the form of per panel 43.5kWH/month. per panelgenerating generating 43.5kWH/month. solarSuppliers PV panels with an area of 1.6sqm (Source: ofof solar panel) (Source: Suppliers solar panel) per panel generating 43.5kWH/month.
84825 kWh/month - From 0 0toto 2020 -- From - From 0 to 20
(Source: Suppliers of solar panel)
AFTER
PP PP
P
P PP
PP
PP P
P PP
PP P P
PP
P
P PP PP
ature
PP
47 °C 2.63 °C 3.80 °C 4.97 °C 6.13 °C 7.30 °C 8.46 °C 9.63 °C 0.80 °C 80 °C
P
PP P
P PP P PP
PP
P PP
PP
P
P
P
PP P
P PP P
PP P
Residential buildings older Residential buildings older thanthan 1970 withwith “G”“G” type 1970 type energy classification energy classification Residential buildings older than 1970 with “G” type energy classification
Residential Residentialbuildings buildingsolder older thanthan 1970 withwith projected “B”“B” 1970 projected or or“C”“C”energy energyclass classandand Residential buildings older E-vehicle charging points retrofitted withwith PV PVpanels retrofitted panels than 1970 with projected “B” or “C” energy class and retrofitted with PV panels
charging points E-vehicle charging points P PE-vehicle
P
Beyond the railway yard
51
DESIGN OUTCOMES & TIMELINE OF ACTIONS Phase 2
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Implementation of new bike path Implementation of new bike stations Implementation of e-charging points
2. Ecological corridors and greening from Parco Sud towards Scalo Romana Planting new street trees New urban parks Shared gardens Permeable parkings Green parkings
2
3. Transit hub at Toscana Implementation of transit hub Tactical urbanismm in the railway yard
4. Cooling islands Implementation of new fountains Implementation of green roofs
PV panels for retrofitting
DESIGN OUTCOMES
From large asphalt-paved spaces increasing UHI..
From traditional methods of electricity production..
CLIMATE
ENERGY
..To cooling islands increasing adaptive capacity of the site
52
Beyond the railway yard
..to new efficient methods of Renewable Energy Sources
From fragmented spaces of interaction..
URBAN FORM ACCESSIBILITY
..to creation of multi-functional spaces using walkscore as a tool
9
2032
1
Phase 3
End
1. Creating a network of soft mobility from Toscana station
Start
2022
Phase 1
REFERENCES 1. Milano Scalo Romana. (n.d.). Retrieved from Urbanfile: https://blog.urbanfile.org/2020/05/20/milano-scalo-romana-il-punto-della-situazione-per-lo-scalo-ferroviario/ 2. OM-Pompeo Leoni - Urban Redevelopment Program. (n.d.). Retrieved from Comune di - Milano: https://www.comune.milano.it/aree-tematiche/ urbanistica-ed-edilizia/attuazione-pgt/om-pompeo-leoni 3. (2019). Piano di Governo del Territorio. Milano: Comune di Milano. 4. (2015). Piano Urbano Mobilita Sostenibile Milano. Milano: Comune di Milano. 5. (n.d.). Symbiosis Growing Connections. Milano: Covivio. 6. Urbanfile. (n.d.). Retrieved from A2A Tower: 7. https://blog.urbanfile.org/2019/06/03/milano-scalo-romana-ecco-la-torre-a2a/ 8. Urbanfile. (n.d.). Retrieved from Second phase of railyard: https://blog.urbanfile.org/2020/05/09/milano-scalo-romana-avviata-la-seconda-fase-dellex-scalo-ferroviario/ 9. https://followgreenliving.com/urban-heat-islands-causes-solution/ 10. https://www.altenergymag.com/article/2017/05/off-grid-solar-powered-charging-stations/26280 11. https://www.istat.it/ 12. http://www.ideas.swagroup.com/the-importance-of-drinking-fountains/ 13. https://en.climate-data.org/europe/italy/lombardy/milan-1094/#temperature-graph 14. Milan | Scalo Romana - Symbiosis Building D building site: https://blog.urbanfile.org/2020/12/03/milano-scalo-romana-cantiere-symbiosis-palazzo-d-fine-novembre-2020/ 15. Cihan Turhan and Gülden Gökçen Akkurt. Mitigation Of Urban Heat Island Effect Through Nature-based Solutions: H2020 Urban GreenUP PROJECT 16. (2018) Catalogue of Nature-based Solutions For urban regeneration. Energy&Urban Planning Workshop. Version 4. 17. Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. United Nations.
Beyond the railway yard
53