Architecture Design Project - Final Report by Mark Eng

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONS) IN ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGN CENTRE FOR ARCHITECTURE STUDIES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA (MASSA) ARCHITECTURE DEESIGN PROJECT PROJECT 1C, PART 2 (10% INDIVIDUAL)

DETAILED DESIGN - REPORT

PASAR SENI YOUTH ENGAGEMENT CENTRE FOR CULTURAL CREATIVITY, PASAR SENI, KUALA LUMPUR NAME STUDENT I.D. TUTOR

MARK ENG SHANG 0324187 MR. PRINCE

INTRODUCTION

A thematic studio based on the given theme of â&#x20AC;&#x153;sustaining humanitiesâ&#x20AC;?, The Architecture Design Project forms the culmination of the Bachelor of Science (Honours) Architecture programme. This capstone project is based on the theme of architecture with a social impact and the resolution and integration of technology, environment and cultural context in architectural design. Progressing from the urban issues of urban street environment, the design studio extends students development of architectural position and design brief in proposing strategy to resolving social issues pertinent within the conditions of the urban landscape. Located in an urban area, we were to further develop the site through and area chosen by their design supervisors, in which it will address the social needs of a particular urban place and provide interaction and connection of people in the urban spaces. Subsequent to Phase 2: Design Strategy and Schematic Design phase, we were required to further develop scheme with the incorporation of environmental strategies and technological resolutions. The intention of integrating the Environmental and Technological aspect is to strengthen design on the aspect of sustainability and buildability. Under additional guidance from an E&T tutor, the designs will look into improving the green and sustainability component, suggesting on passive cooling techniques and technological innovations. The studies will be included within this comprehensive design report. The module is also integrated with Building Technology 2 wherein, design shall consider the structure and construction of the building, use of the most appropriate structural building and apply considerations of building services, utilities and system.

Aim To execute a building brief and to develop holistic and integrated aspects of technology, environment and cultural context in architectural design Objectives 1. Produce a formal architectural design strategy in response to the proposed brief within a selected architectural context that display a strong architectural proposition. 2. Analyze case studies to gain understanding of architectural responses and intentional design strategies to inform the design project. 3. Produce design development drawings for a selected portion of design with a suitable level of complexity. 4. Produce drawings (both 2D and 3D) modeling and verbal presentation to communicate and visualize architectural design ideas. 5. Design with consideration of building performance (thermal comfort, acoustic and lighti 6. Produce a design report to support the project.

SITE INVESTIGATION & CONTEXTUAL STUDIES

2.1 SITE INTRODUCTION Location and Site description The site is located at 49, Jalan Hang Kasturi, City Centre, 50050 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia. The project site is made of 1 parcel of land, lot 49 (4865 sqm). The land exists, currently, as a tar paved parking lot privately owned by the Central Market Sdn. Bhd.. The land is of flat terrain and existing vegetations are of potted and planned trees. The major Sungai Klang runs parallell to the eastern boundary of the site, with the Putra LRT line overpass in running along the whole of the eastern boundary between the site and the river.

Surrounding Context Pasar Seni is located within the cultural heart of Kuala Lumpur city centre. It is situated along Sungai Klang, constituting part of Zone 7 of the 12 Zones of development proposed by the River of Life Development Project(R.O.L.). Conceived along Sungai Klang, the city centre - with roots as a mining town - exists a major urban commercial district, catering mainly to the tourism and transient industry of Kuala Lumpur, and Malaysia as a whole. Surrounding built environments are made of colonial rowhouses - housing residential and commercial activities- historical buildings, temples, malls, modern shophouses, and high rise buildings. Most of which cater to the commercial industry of the city. The site situates within a 500m proximity to major tourist, administrative and cultural sites, such as China Town, Petaling Street, Dataran Merdeka, Musuem Tekstil Negara, Pejabat Pos Besar Kuala Lumpur, Masjid Jamek, Sin Sze Si Ya temple, Sri Maha Mariamman temple Dhevasthanam and adjacent to Kasturi Walk and Central Market. The site is also part of the Cultural Walk as part of several heritage trails planned by the R.O.L. within the city centre. The site is well equipped with access in the form of the Pasar Seni LRT and Bus station within walking distance. Covered walkways are also provided directly from the LRT station into the adjacent Central Market Building. Bus and taxi stands are located at and opposite the southern boundary of the site. These ammenities provide for constant flow of pedestrian movement towards and around the site.

2.2 SIGNIFICANT ISSUES & MACRO ANALYSIS S.W.O.T. analysis Strengths

P.E.S.T.L.E. analysis Political

• Level topography of site will provide for easier estimation and management of construction and design • The site currently exist as a vehicular corridor for the inflow of pedestrians Existing bus stop and taxi stands provide for inflow point for pedestrians • The location of site directly adjacent to Kasturi Walk and Central Market provides constant intensity of human activities for any proposed • programme to the site. • Existance of river along eastern boundary provides for pleasant west facing views from site towards the river. • Site is partially shaded by adjacent high rises.

• The status of the area including Pasar Seni is regarded as a historical and cultural zone. • Emphasis of the development of the area is placed on national arts and culture. • Current political and civic statement of Pasar Seni is of the cultivation of arts and culture. • Central Market and Kasturi Walk is propagated by the government as a major tourist Node. • The ongoing R.O.L. aims to improve the quality of life of the area. • As the site presents the opportunity to act as a historical and cultural focal/ anchor attraction point, the proposed centre aims to address this and also improve the quality of the existing and future community.

Weaknesses • Existance of the Putra Line partially obstructs the site from the river. • The site is located at a major intersection of the city centre, causing congestion at accesses of the site. Opportunities • Close proximity to Pasar Seni LRT and Bus station will provide for ease of access to, from, and around the site, providing opportunity to attract and house high number of users and visitors. • River of Life development project(R.O.L.) anticipates higher pedestrian activity and movement to, from, and around the site. • R.O.L anticipates to increase quality of life around the area. • Situation of site within major historical and cultural zones ensures site as an area protected by the culture industry. • Close proximity of site to major historical, cultural and administrative buildings provides site with opportunity to address the culture and tourism industry. • Location of site and surrounding movement of lrt, high-rises and elevated walkways provide for clear views towards the site. Threats • Construction of the building may affect the environmental state of Sungai Klang. • Congestion at major intersection may worsen depending on proposed activity of the building. • Location of the site produces risk of disrupting and overshadowing physicality of Central Market and Kasturi Walk. • Temporal & Night Dormancy of the area may encourage negative activities around the site. • Lack of Public Realms around the site causes low frequency of congregation by locals. • Location of the site produces risk of disrupting and overshadowing physicality of Central Market and Kasturi Walk.

Economical • Central Market and Kasturi Walkis currently part of the commercial district of the city centre, generating revenue and funding, mainly from tourism sector. • Situation of the site which is also within major historical and cultural zones, places emphasis on tourism industry. • Central Market and Kasturi Walk constantly attract and regulate high number of tourists and transients through its cultural shops and stalls. • The site as a open carpark, currently acts as a performing space used by Central Market, attracting the public through seasonal events, performances, and demonstrations. • Site is surrounded by a number of offices and administrative buildings, producing a community of working adults within the area. • Stall and shop owners are mainly of local status. • Stall and shop workers consists of locals and foreign labour. • Success of R.O.L anticipates to increase the generation of income and revenue to the industry. • The proposed centre thus aims at cultivating the cultural creativity of the community in hopes of sustaining and improving the industry and economy of Pasar Seni. Social • Tropical population prefers to linger and walk under shaded areas due to the harsh tropical weather. • Public realms open to the sun may fail in attracting congregation. • Poluted and unsightly state of Sungai Klang detracts people, thus the once virbrant river life of the past is non-existent. • Current state of the arts and culture emphasises on its commercialisation for the tourism industry, rather than incorporation in everyday community life. • Practice and pursuance of creative arts in culture is limited to professional and veteran pratictioners • Number of youths frequenting Pasar Seni is low as compared to the number of educational institutions within its proximity. • Workers leave the area after office hours and residents within the area is at a low.

Techonological • The ongoing R.O.L. proposes to sink the existing Putra Line underground at the eastern boundary of the site, freeing obstruction from the river at the north eastern • boundary. The R.O.L. is currently undergoing the river cleaning phase and anticipated to undergo the next phases of • beautification and revitalisation in hopes of improving the quality of life. Harsh tropical weather calls for proper shading and solar • gain regulation, creating for a comfortable environment for the expression of the community. As proposed building is of event-fueled, spaces are to • be of multi-use and allow for flexibility of configurations and programme. • Transit of the Putra Line at 5 minute intervals calls for bufffer against the noise for any proposed programmes which require acoustics. Legal • DBKL codes require a minimum of 6 meters setback from the boundary. • DBKL codes require a minimum of 3 meters setback from an LRT line. • Any structures proposed under an LRT line to have an offset of 1.5 meters vertically from the lowes point of the LRT line. • Any substructure to be proposed is of the maximum of 2 and a half stories from ground level. Environmental • Construction of the building may affect the environmental state of Sungai Klang, thus construction waste management should be done away from the river. • Buildings currently face away from Sungai Klang, causing neglegence towards it. • The current state of polution in the river can be attributed to its use as a service back to buildings along it. • Industrial development has further depreciated any quality of river life along Sungai Klang • The site as part of Sungai Klang presents the opportunity to provide for heavy vegetation against the built enviroment of the surrounding urbanity.

2.2 SIGNIFICANT ISSUES & MACRO ANALYSIS Clients, Stakeholders, Third Parties The Pasar Seni Youth Engagement Centre for Cultural Creativity is to be a government supported administration, possessing private, government and community funding, investors and clients. This allows for transparent, unbiased, and impartial governance and operation of the building & programs with Kuala Pasar Seni as a whole, the main focus, for the sustanance of future community. Local Youth Community The primary user group for the centre, students from educational institutions are engaged mainly during non-school hours in the ranging from morning, afternoon, night, and public holidays. The building would act as a public realm for youths to linger and loiter, and hopefully detract them from negative activites. The centre will also allow for usage of its ammenities for cultural and art events conducted by the schools. This would encourage interaction between the youths of the city centre and the urban public. Pasar Seni working community Includes stall and shop operators within the vicinity of the site. The influx of pedestrians brought in by the building will increase businesses around the area as users and visitors flock out for purchasing and eating as the proposed building is non-commercial in nature. The cultural interest, education, and egagement proposed by the building will also ncourage the exploration and involvement of cultural activities and goods around the site, mainly Kasturi Walk and Central Market. Stalls along the area are anticipated to be affected as the building proposes to culturalise the and decrease the current general goods selling of Central Market and Kasturi Walk. Pasar Seni art and culture community Existing and emerging local community art groups are encouraged to participate, contribute and benifit from the building programmes. Thhe centre would also provide for cultural and creativity based ammenities, regardless of social and hierarchical status against the more privatised ammenities available around the area. The centre would provide for the opportunity for interactions between fields, and exposure towards the existing local community art groups where previoulsy detached and unknown.

Jabatan Kebudayaan & Kesenian Negara (JKKN) JKKN is the government agency in charge of implementing cultural and artistic activities within Malaysia. Its mission is to develop culture and arts through efforts to nurture, guide, spread and encourage cultural arts. Assistance available from JKKN for the proposed programme could include offering apprenticeship programmes, cultural assistance schemes, arts workshops, and funding for equipment. River of Life Development Project (R.O.L) The River of Life, identified as a project under the National Transformation Programme, aims to transform 8 rivers that are located within the Greater KL/Klang Valley region. With RM3.1 billion allocated for the river cleaning component of the project, the aim is to revitalise them from their current states into clean rivers that can support recreational activities, with vibrant and liveable waterfronts, thereby increasing the economic value of its surroundings As the site sits within Phase 7 of the ongoing R.O.L development, the centre hopes to fall in line with the vision of R.O.L to improve the quality of life of the greater K.L. Central Market Sdn. Bhd. Central Market Kuala Lumpur is a centre for Malaysian culture, art and craft located in the heart of the city. As a building with significant historical value Central Market Kuala Lumpur has come a long way from its early beginning as a wet market built in 1888 to a delightful destination for tourists, shoppers and art lovers. Central Market Kuala Lumpurâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s emphasis on art is also evident with the transformation of Central Market Annexe to house a variety of eclectic art galleries. Located behind the main building, Central Market Annexe features an Illusion 3D Art Museum, Art House Gallery, and the Central Market Art Lane, an art corner comprising of studios that feature exciting works of art by local artists. The centre aims to compliment the vision of central market to cultivate national art and culture by breaking the hierarchical order of the practitioning of art, integrating non-proffesionals and youth into the existing art industry in hopes of flourishing and improving its local & contextual richness.

Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur, DBKL, The Kuala Lumpur City Hall is the governing body off the city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The council consists of the mayor plus fifteen members of the city advisory board appointeed to serve a three-year term by the minister of Federal Territories. Their objective is to ensure and speed up the implementation to achieve the status of the leading and excellent world class city of Kuala Lumpur. Vission : To be the leading local authority in order to realise the aspiration for Kuala Lumpur to be a world class city by the year 2020 Mission : To achieve progress, peace, and prosperity for Kuala Lumpur City through programs such as physical and socioenconomic development, controlled planning, urban services that are planned and consistent based on good governance.

PROJECT BACKGROUND & DESIGN INTENTIONS STRATEGIES

3.2 PROGRAMME & BRIEF

As the main issues of the existing urbanity place emphasis on tourism and image rather than practice in daily life, this has created an isolative enviroment in which the practice of cultural creativity has been negleted and removed from the local community of Pasar Seni. The design purpose, at its most basic definition, is to provide for a open and transparent environment for cross-cultural, social, and hierchical interaction within the community.

3.1 SIGNIFICANT ISSUES & DESIGN PURPOSE

The design strategy of the following project is driven by narration through questions of relevance to the context of the design brief and theme of “Sustaining Humanities & Asian Cities of the Future” and the site of Pasar Seni. It proposes to be act as a Youth Engagement Centre for Cultural Creativity, in efforts to sustain the existent and future communities of Pasar Seni, and Kuala Lumpur as a whole Design Issues

Design Purpose

Intangible

• Personal and contextual Engagement – Framing Moments

• Commercialisation of cultural identity places emphasis on tourist industry and image, • rather than through daily life of the existing community. • Personal ties & affiliations between locals and Pasar Seni lacking due to propagation of area as major tourist node. • Practice of cultural creativity by locals limited to professional practitioners and veterans. • Number and frequency of local congregation lacking when considering the abundant number of offices, shops and schools in proximity. Partly due to lack of Public Realms. • Reality of the inability of the R.O.L. to strengthen quality of community life due to lack of communal based amenities. • Temporal & night dormancy encourages negative activities.

• Provide Constant injection of Culture Richness and depth into the Tourist Industry. • Culturalise Cultural Commercialism of Central Market and Kasturi Walk to encourage involvement of locals. • Improve quality of life for the community through amenities and engagements in culture in daily practices While working in tandem with the • anticipated influx on pedestrian activity proposed by the River of Life Development.

Tangible

Engaging the Community in Cultural • Creativity at its “Core Foundation” – Youth and Emerging Adults

• Site as an existing platform and gateway for pedestrian movement for Kuala Lumpur city centre

Platform for culture in everyday life to • unfold

• Exisiting risk of disrupting and overshadowing physicality of Central Market and Kasturi Walk due to location of site. • River is cut-off from the community due to existing urban configuration. • Existing buildings fronting streets and backing Sungai Klang due to decades of industrial development, further fueling the deterioration of the river. • Existing Putra Line partially obstructs site from river.

Building Programme • The building proposes the cultivation of the community in the practicing and pursuance and culture of creative arts. • It proposes to at engage the community in cultural creativity at its “Core Foundation” – the youth and emerging Adults • Proposed Primary Programmes are target house event based activites and programs in different scales ranging from intimate to large scale gatherings. These spaces - as public realms - will act as anchorage/focal attraction points between activities within the building and around the site. Catering to both the transient urban and permanent community user groups. • Secondary spaces of learning, sharing, and doing - catering mainly to community user groups - support the primary spaces. These spaces include performing studios, art studios, heavy & light workshops, a black box theatre, library, flexible event/gallery/class(EGC) spaces, creative offices for emerging adults and accomodation for staff and guest/visiting artists/performers. • Shared loading on ground level and a two(2) level basement car parking, to replace the existing carpark, are also proposed. Catering to the proposed centre, Central Market, and Kasturi walk.

Target User Group • The centre primarily targets pedestrian user groups. Those which come on foot. Capitalising on the LRT-Bus Corridor, Vehicular corridor, river corridor and ease of access presented by the site. • The proposal aims at engaging existing and emerging community art groups, where the the egagement of emerging groups are primarily through the cultivation of youths and emerging adults. • Schooling students, children of residences and the working community, within the proximity of the site, make up the majority of target youths. While emerging adults are those who are at the later stages of youth, phasing into adulthood and eventually contributing significantly to the community. • By targetting these user groups, the centre hopes to reinvigorate and sustain the cultural industry and richness of the area of Pasar Seni and Kuala Lumpur as a whole.

3.3 PRECEDENT STUDIES | MALAYSIAN MARKETS

Intangible Essence of Malaysian Markets to the Community • • • • • • • • • • •

Common ground for everyday life to unfold - Young, old, rich, poor, everyone requires to put food on the table Competitive culture creates improvement of community Sense of ownership due to flexibility and personalization of working space Flexibility for cross-cultural interaction Community experience Personalised services & Experience through lifetime Sensory Experience through interaction Temporary and & Seasonal Intangible ties between community through this common ground Market livens up an area and improves community life and experience Competitive culture creates improvement of community

Relating to Architecture and Planning • • • • • •

Divided through wet and dry due to praticality in the requirement of ice for fresh meat and fish. Flexibility in configuration Honesty and practicality in design – Roof for shade, table for display Temporal - easily assembled and disassembled Flexibility in configuration. Sustainable – locally sourced materials and produces

Top: Central Market is presently promotes itself as a cultural market, offering cultural and art produces. Though its patrons are majority of Tourists and Transients.

Above left and right: The configuration of Market Stalls provide for flexibility in circulation, searching for the fastest route to a patron’s favourite kail lan supplier. While Structured Markets provide for a stable environment, open markets provide sellers with more options in stall configurations to suit their needs.

Far left : Configuration of the Exisiting Kasturi Walk stalls. Stall operators are given a hut for their operations. However, operators have added their own personality and configurations based on their prefrences, such as long tables for fruit displays and display racks for clothes and mobile phone accessories.

Types of Markets • Wet market • Flea Market • Commercial (CM and KW) • Open Market (Temporal) • Structured Market (Permanent) Second from far right top row: An open Night Market in Kuala Lumpur. Open night markets are run by independent farmers and suppliers who set up stalls on an instructed plot of empty land. The less organised sturcture of these markets gives for a very spontaneous and personal experience to users.

Far right top row: A Structure Market in Kuala Lumpur. These kinds of market are housed in buildings specifically built for that purpose. Most sellers are of veterans thus seller-buyer relationships can last for decades.

Second from far right, second row: A contemporary market such as the one in Bangsar are held once a week and sell contemporary goods that are not of local in origins. These however attract transient and younger patrons. They are set up spontaneously in parks and plazas and cater to a specific set of community.

Far right, second row: Event and Festival based Markets are held annually from days to weeks at a time. They are usually set up in an open plot of land or emptied streets. Example: Ramadhan Bazaar at Jalan Tar..

Far right, third row: Originally a Wet Market for the community of Kuala Lumpur, the Central Market in its past was the common ground for the community disregard of social, hierarchical and cultural order.

Second from right third row: Petaling Street Flea market as a major Urban Node, shifs human activity and significantly livening up the areas in proximity to it. Right: Although divided through wet and dry, these markets act as a singular entity serving for common ground for the community.

3.4 MAIN FEATURE & CONTEXTUAL RELEVANCE

The design aims at breaking and reforming existing disruptive urban fabirics, found to have contirbuted to the exsiting issues and questions raised on the site, with the main intention of i) improving and sustaining communities ii) improve and sustain environmental (river) quality iii) improve and sustain economy and industry iv) improve and sustain cultural richness and authencity by: -providing for a more open and transparent cross-cultural, social, and hierchical interaction within the community. Dismantling order of Urban Street Front and Service River Back

The existing urban order of front and back consists mainly of and Urban Street Front and a Service River back. Where industrial development has caused negligence towards the river and emphasis of architecture and activity towards the streets. The design aims and dismantling this disruptive order in hopes of improving the quality of the river and river life by: Shifting the front towards the river to address proposal of improving the quality of river life and anticipating influx of urban flow from the R.O.L development Service Back against the Street as to shift â&#x20AC;&#x153;dirtyâ&#x20AC;? services away from the River and addressing the existing community flow from the East. Service back against street allows for heavy greenery against river front Existing Fabric calls for views against river front and complementing activities against Urban Scape of KW. Heavy/ Wet activities against the street front while light activities/dry against the river front. Introduction of service core in the middle would allow for Fronts on all sides, taking advantage of significant urbanities surrounding the site

Breaking Linearity and grid Introducing Radial and Free flowing Spaces against existing Urban linearity of Row-houses, Shops, Kasturi Walk and Central Market as to integrate the building and surrounding site as a whole, in the sustanance of the existing and future communities. Introducing flexible grids to allow for free flowing configurations of activities, programs, and circulation against structured Urban Grid and Grain/ Buildings and Stalls.

Dismantling Urban and Community Fabric The design aims at addressing the existing urban fabric through community and urbanity by: Pushing the Urban Carpet from the Urban River Front towards the Existing Urban Street of Kasturi Walk and Central Market. Creating a Community Carpet from the existing communities and ammenities at the East towards the River front as to give the River back to the Community.

Dismantling the existing Urban Fabric of Private and Public. The dismantling of the existing fabric of the isolation of private and public in cultural pracitce would contribute to cross-culture, social and hierarchical interaction by Mixing private and public/learning and doing spaces as to encourage interaction and practice between existing and prospective practitioners of Cultural Arts.

PUBLIC PUBLIC DISMANTLING EXISTING URBAN FABRIC OF PRIVATE AND PUBLIC DISMANTLING EXISTING URBAN FABRIC OF PRIVATE AND PUBLIC

PRIVATE PRIVATE

3.5 MORPHOLIGICAL & FORM STUDIES

Flexibility and Temporal qualities as core of Creative Expression Flexible and Multi-use spaces allow for variety of configuration and personalisation for Cultural Creativity to flourish while providing for sense of ownership. The design aims at pushing square grids as flexible space for (UN)programme/activities. The flexiblity of grids also allow for responsive configurations to the surrounding context The play of grids would aslo allow for variations of scale and intimacy for interaction within the community and urbanity

Scale and Intimacy

BILITY -3.5 GRIDMORPHOLIGICAL - TEMPORAL QUALITIES AS OF CREATIVE EXPRESSION &CORE FORM STUDIES

Pushing square grids as a flexible space for (un)program / activity

3.6 SPATIAL PROGRAMMING IN REPONSE TO CONTEXT

4 pavilions in response to context The design consists of 4 main interactive pavilions as responses to address the surrounding context of the site in the form of locational, physical, communal, urban, social, cultural, and ammenities. A radiating core integrates and regulates the 4 individual pavilions as a cohesive and singular interactive entity, radiating users, patrons and pedestrians through and around the building and its entry and exit points.

3.6 SPATIAL PROGRAMMING IN REPONSE TO CONTEXT

3.6 SPATIAL PROGRAMMING 4 pavilions in response to context

3.6 SPATIAL PROGRAMMING 4 pavilions in between context

The basic sequence of Nodal Order: Target - Transition - Target. In this case, the Cultural Wakaf housing activities of large scales sit in between the two target noddes of Laboratory and Community Wakaf

Semi functional spaces are placed along transition spaces in between target nodes as to dismantle the basic nodal order of Target-Transition-Target to Target-Transition-Support-Transiton-Target, allowing for higher frequency of interaction between disciplines and social, hierarchical, and cultural order. Semi-functional spaces are also placed between the linear target nodes as to allow for compartmentalisation and multi-usage of the space. The break in linearity also allows of cross ventilation of prevailing winds.

The Urban Wakaf situates in between tthe transition spaces to provide for connection between the 4 target nodes.

Vegetations are placed on the Eastern and Southern sun to shade against Harsh Tropical Sun to allow for optimal comfort of users within spaces. These vegetations also act as foregrounds towards the river front. Light vegetations are alos placed agains the urban front as small buffers. Vegetations are also placed strategically as breathing spaces and allow prevailing winds intot the spaces.

3.6 SPATIAL PROGRAMMING 4 pavilions and in-between context

Core is identified in the central area to maximise the number of spaces against the river and urbaninties. Core radiates outwards to provide smooth services to the flexibility driven spaces.

PREVAILING WINDS

LABORATORY WAKAF

COMMUNITY WAKAF

URBAN WAKAF

Cultural Wakaf

PREVAILING WINDS