Le Havre Project Masomeh Fayaz Kingston University

Green Artery Le Havre

Content

Introduction

Spatial Development of the City and Forêt de Montgeon Location From Le Havre to Paris

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City Context

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Green Artery Strategy

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Urban Structure City Elements Topography of the City Component Cross the Section

Analysis Sketches Problems, Objects and Strategies Cimetière St. Mary Forêt de Montgeon Forêt de Montgeon Existing Connections Size Comparison Green Artery Components Existing Circulation Existing Surrounding Green Artery Proposal Four Phases through Time

Rue Lamark Social Housing

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Design Principles and Programs

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Site Photos Current Situation- History Shadow Wooden Model of Social housing Cross Section- Different Experience

Environmental System Concept Precedent

Synthesis of Idea

Alternatives Synthesis of Ideas Extension Area- Different Options Vision of Rue Lamark Social Housing Master Plan Benefits

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Planting Strategy

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Construction Details

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Zoom out Area

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Planting Strategy Planting Aims Planting Plan Planting Story through Time Planting strategy- Trees and perennial

Preparing Site Surfaces and Drainage Samples of Outdoor furniture Lighting Strategy

Critical Sections

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Masomeh Fayaz Kingston University London Le Havre

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Introduction Le Havre is a port-city on the right bank of the estuary of the River Seine, in the Upper Normandy region of Northwestern France. The City is divided by the 100 height meter long strip cliff to the two main parts, the northern area and the southern area.

This project seeks to extend the remnant forest as natural capital within the public realm of the city. Rue Lamark social housing and the urban square in Rue Jules Verne Street, provide “testing ground” for retrofitting the public realm through urban-forestry and its multi-functional occupation.

Southern part was severely bombed during the Second World War. The destroyed area was rebuilt according to the plan of a team headed by Auguste Perret, from 1945 to 1964. However, the northern part was more intact during the war (UNESCO,

The work is inspired by dialogue with colleagues, and reflects AURH priorities to increase connectivity across the city.

2014).

The ancient forest of Montgeon is situated in upper town, and now it is much smaller than its historic dimension (as it is observed in next page).

The historical evolution of the edge between the forêt de Montgeon and the city is a crucial focus of the design process. The design process tries to demonstrate how green and gray can weave with each other in urban context and create a heterogeneous land unit, which human and non-human functions coexist without having harmful effect on each other.

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Author, 2015

Wooden Model

Spatial Development of the Forêt de Montgeon through Time

1530

1936

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1790

1944

Urban Context Forêt de Montgeon

1900 Plan Local D’Urbanisme, 2012

1960

Location

Area of Le Havre is 46.95 Km2,, which is about half of Paris (Lehavre-group, 2014).

Le Havre Modified Map of clker, 2014

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London 1,570 km2 Le Havre 46.95 km2

Modified Map of Google-earth, 2014

Paris 105.4 km2

Le Havre, on the right bank of the estuary of the River

Rouen

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Le Havre

Seine Metropole, 2014

From Le Havre to Paris

2h 26 min 197 km

5h 8 min 246 km

Modified Access Map of Google map, 2014

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1. City Context A Cliff divides the city in to the two main parts geographically. Upper town, which is connected more to the forĂŞt de Montgeon and the suburban rural area in the northern part of the city, and lower town, which is more commercial and industrial. South west part of the city is known more as city centre, where the most of the landmarks and UNESCO Heritage Site are located in.

Two tramway lines through the city context link main elements of the city to each other.

Urban Structure

Main Roads (Highways)

Green Connections

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Urban Sprawl

Water System

Modified Map of Openstreet, 2014

City Elements

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Green area Node (Tram stations) Main Road Edge of the City (Cliff) Distance Landmark Close Landmark

Modified Map of Le Havre, 2014

Topography of the City Component Cross the Section

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Plan Local D’Urbanisme, 2012

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2. Green Artery Strategy The strategy is about regenerating vertical green connection between Cimetière Sainte-Marie and forêt de Montgeon as two natural capitals of the city.

Design process tries to show how green infrastructure can flow through urban context and create a heterogeneous land unit.

By Surveying the historic evolution of the forest edge, it is clarified that it is shorter now. The Rue due Pere Flavigny Street, social housing and urban square in Rue Jules Verne Street, provides a “testing ground” for retrofitting the public realm through urban-forestry and its multi-functional occupation.

Although the route is started and ended by Cimetière Sainte-Marie and forêt de Montgeon, it is suffer from urban decay. In this area, Most of the open areas are asphalt and parking spaces.

The project Concept seeks to spread the energy of forest and cemetery through a series of interventions across the public spaces, streets and social Housing to enhance biodiversity, improve health of the local environment, attract tenants and visitors and contribute to the value of the district.

The Green Artery Strategy

Foret de montgeon Cimetière Nord Rue du pere avigny

Social Housing

Le fort de Tourneville

Rue Jules Verne Street

Place Jenner

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Cimetière Sainte-Marie Chapelle

500 metres

Modified Map of Openstreetmap, 2012

Analysis Sketches

Designing dynamic area

Connecting different element

Designing visible area

Place de la mare au clerc 14

Designing multifunction space

Cimetière Nord (Cemetery Area)

Main Access

Forest edge

Schools Social Housing

Mai

nA

Main Access

Social Housing

Fort de Tourneville

s

Parking

Main Access

Social Housing

cces

Social Housing

PLace Jenner Isolation

Cimetière Sainte-Marie - Chapelle area (Cemetery Area)

Problems, Objects and Strategies

Issues

Objects

Strategies

Unrelated open spaces (cemeteries, forest, social housing, multi-functional squares)

Designing systematic coverage of green artery and making skeleton of this part much more legible.

-Creating few focal points and get from one to another with a flexible dynamic green structure.

Lack of safety

Addressing crime prevention.

Colorless public spaces and lack of vitality

Designing lively, vibrant and dynamic area.

A lot of parking area and under utilized lands, which create dull spaces

Increasing social interaction.

- Particular lighting pattern.

- Designing visible spaces.

15 - Typical details and mode of planting.

- Using colorful and smooth material to bring vitality.

-Set of smell or sounds.

- Designing multi-functional social spaces by creating dynamic system.

Cimetière St. Mary St. Mary Cemetery is the largest cemetery in the city of Le Havre in Seine -Maritime. It covers 28 hectares of upper city.

It was built in 1851 as the successor to Saint-Roch cemetery. The oldest section is located to the east of cimetière St.Mary; it has been expanded several times between 1875 and 1915. It has many statues and mausoleums carved (Olivier. E, Baboulene. C, Gouchault. M, 2014).

It has valuable green woodland, specially in the northern part.

This large open public spaces can bring out forest atmosphere to the city and improve the quality of life.

Modified Map of Google Earth, 2015

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Image of Cimetière St. Mary (Author, 2014)

Image of Cimetière St. Mary (Author, 2014)

Forêt de Montgeon The Montgeon Forest was officially purchased by Le Havre council (1909), and later became a public park. The Germans used this park as ammunition deport during world war two, and Americans set up a military camp after they gained control of area. It was used to accommodate over 3,000 homeless city inhabitants during the second world war (Skylighters, 2014).

Currently this natural treasure is green heart of the city, which covers about 270 hectares. It contains two man made lakes, natural reservoir, cycle route, campsite, running tracks and starting point for hiking trails.

Modified Map of Google Earth, 2014

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Image of Forêt de Montgeon (Le Havre, 2012)

Image of Forêt de Montgeon (Normadie actu, 2012)

Forêt de Montgeon Existing Connections

Modified Map of AURH, 2014

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Evolution of forêt de Montgeon Edge from 1530 until 1992

1530

1944

1790

1960

1900

1975

1936

1992 Author, 2015

Size Comparison ForĂŞt de Montgeon, Bois de Boulogne & Richmond ForĂŞt de Montgeon in Le Havre

Bois de Boulogne in Paris

19 846 hectares

270 hectares Richmond Park in London

955 hectares

Green Artery Components The Green Artery strategy includes two parts. First, looking in bigger scale at the green route which connects Forest de montgeon and cemetery, and second is zooming in the Rue Lamark social housing and vast amount of parking area surround it.

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Visualization of Green Artery

1. Pere Flavigny Street, is the street start with the Forest de Montgeon. There is a big school located in this street.

Pere Flavigny Street (Chongi, 2014) 2. Urban Square in Rue Verne Street, where is used as Parking spaces.

4. Rue Jules Verne Street, ended up with cemetery St Marie, and it is located along Pere Flavigny.

Rue Jules Verne Street (Google street, 2014) 5. Rue Louis Blanc, is the street in the northern part of the Cemetery. Green Artery tried to transfer green Resource of St Marie cemetery from street to the rest of this area.

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Urban Square in Rue Verne Street (Google Street, 2014)

Rue Louis Blanc street (Google street, 2014)

3. Urban Square in Rue Verne Street.

6. Social Housing area, surrounded by parking spaces.

Rue Verne Street (Google Street, 2014)

Rue Lamark Social Housing (Chongi, 2014)

Existing Circulation

Streets

22 Urban Sprawl Cycle road in the forest Cycle road in the City Tunnel Grand Hameau

e

g ou eR ar M

S

-C re ac

oe

ur

u ea ar M

Cl

c er

Jenner

Tram Line

Main Streets

Ron d-

poin t

Modified Map of Open-street, 2014 La Plage

Caucriauville Pre euri

Existing Surrounding Usage Layers

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Social Housing School Building Administrative

Modified Map of Open-street, 2014

Green Artery Proposal

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Author, 2015

Green Artery - Four Phases through Time

Plan through Time

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Existing Condition

Valuable Green Area Newly Developed Area Upcoming Green Area

Phase 1

Phase 2

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Phase 3

Phase 4

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3. Rue Lamark Social Housing Rue Lamark Social housing was built in 1964. According to historical aerial photos, the social housing site area was not destroyed during the Second World War. However, it is built about the same time when destroyed parts of the city was rebuilt by the Auguste Perret team plan.

On exploration of area, it was realised that the site suffers from lack of green infrastructure. Although it is estimated that this area contains about 235 residential flats, it is discovered that a large percentage of land is used as car parks, and the most of the surfaces is covered by hard and impenetrable surfaces.

Green Artery strategy will provide infrastructure and facilities in specified phases to improve the quality of life. It offers different experience, which will engage people from different ages.

Mark Benedict and Edward McMahon(2014, P3) from their essay Of Green Infrastructure: Smart Conservation for the 21st Century (2014), have claimed that “just as growing communities need to upgrade and expand their built infrastructure (roads, sewers, utilities, etc.), so too they need to upgrade and expand their green infrastructure—the network of open space, woodlands, wildlife habitat, parks and other natural areas that sustains clean air, water and natural resources and enriches our quality of life. The concept of green infrastructure repositions open space protection from a community amenity to a community necessity”.

Social Housing Location - Site photos

Chongi, 2014

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Chongi, 2014

Modified map of Googleearth, 2014

Google street, 2015

Google street, 2015

Chongi, 2015

Chongi, 2015

Social Housing - current situation Circulation and storeys

History

1939

Entrance of Buildings

1947 5 St ory

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5 St ory

4 St ory

5 St ory

5 St ory

5 St ory 5 St ory

5 Story

5 Story

4 Story

1964

Building Storeys

1973

Pedestrian Entrance

1985 Historic Images (Lehavre , 2014)

Buildings Shadow

January

9 am

April

7 am

July

6 am

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1 pm

4 pm

1 pm

1 pm

5 pm

7 pm

Shadow Images (Author , 2014)

Social Housing - Current Situation Cross Section - Different Experience

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Valuable existing green Potential

Parking area

Valuable existing green Potential

A hallow among the site covers with asphalt, upper bridge uses for pedestrian to cross the hollow

Sc 1:250 @ A1

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Parking area

Parking area

Asphalt area is used as Basketball field

Parking area

Parking area

Top Roof Farm

Vision of Social Housing

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Communal Farm

Gathering Area

Local Market

Main Plaza

Sitting Area

Sport Facility

Play Ground

Cycle Track

Communal Organisation

Recycled Water

Walkable Streets

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Author, 2015

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4. Design Principles and Programs The Green Artery Strategy is based on designing a system.

The aim is designing an environmental system, recovering the current ecology, through green infrastructure, comply with the principles of social, economic, and ecological sustainability.

- The strategy looks at the urban agriculture specifically. Arranging programs and infrastructure for residential to produce the urban agricultural products, which will increase availability and access to the fresh local food as well as providing a bed to increase social interaction. Using top roof of building as urban agricultural field will have communicational, commercial, environmental and recreational benefits.

- The cycle track and pedestrian route, which would enhance the green connection of Forest to the Cemetery.

- The Green streets as a more pedestrian friendly space will be proposed “Shared Spaces�, which seeks to minimize the segregation of pedestrians and vehicles and tries to create more human friendly space.

- Local market will encourage the residence to produce more local products and allow them to communicate with public more.

- Playground and Sport facilities will offer healthy activity and bring vitality for different ages.

- Two water reserves will collect rainwater through gutters.

After refining, this water will use for agricultural purposes.

- Communal Hall will organize and arrange the agricultural activities. It would run and manage by the dwellers participation.

The project attempt to blurred the edges between gray parts of the city and green elements of environment by recreating the green corridor through arranging a closed system.

Environmental System Concept

Vegetable

Herbs Fruit

Green House

Green Roof

Orchard

Side Walk Extension

Shared Street

Green Building Food Production

Green Streets

Environmental System Refine and Reuse Water

Rain Sun

Rain Garden Water Management

Soil

Cycle Track Curb bulb

Sport

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© Arup

The Crown Estate Ecology Masterplan, London Precedent - The Crown Estate Ecology Master plan

EcologyMaster masterplan vision (Woodason, 2014) Ecology Plan Vision

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© Arup

Regent Street Green Infrastructure Vision (Cities Alive, 2014)

Arup has been commissioned to develop an ecology master plan Regent Street green infrastructure strategy for the Crown Estate’s Regent Street portfolio. The vision seeks to strengthen green infrastructure connections along Regent Street to Client: create an ecological The Crown Estate corridor between the Royal Parks (Regent’s, St James and Green Park).

The objective of the masterplan is to create a green Key Facts: Through a series of interventions across the estate, comprising roof Regent Street comprising a network of corridor along gardens, public spaces, streets courtyards themultifunctional master plan seeks green spaces and interventions.

Aspiration: Significant area and of green space every 100m (singificanat area of the local environment, atto enhance biodiversity, improve health ) contribute to the value of the portfolio. of green space 100m2and tract tenants and=visitors The objective of the master plan is to create a green corridor along Aspiration: 10,000 additional green Arup have been commissioned to develop an ecology masterplan Regent Street comprising a network of multi-functional green spaces spaces by 2025 for the Crown Estate’s Regent Street portfolio. The vision seeks to and interventions (ARUP, 2014).

Target: Increase recordings of bird and bat sepcies compared to 2014 baseline survey Key Services Provided: Landscape Architecture

strengthen green infrastructure connections along Regent Street to create an ecological corridor between the Royal Parks (Regent’s, St James and Green Park).

Through a series of interventions across the Estate, comprising roof gardens, public spaces, streets and courtyards the Masterplan

Precedent - The Marché Aligre market, Paris

(WordPress. 2014)

The Marché Aligre market 1(TheCulturetrip, 2014) (paris.cityseekr, 2014)

In Paris, Between the Faubourg St. Antoine and rue de Charenton is the Marché Aligre market. The Marché Aligre market is composed of two markets : the covered market name is Beauvau market, in the western half of the square Aligre, and the market discovered along the streets of Aligre and the eastern half of the site in front of the social housing buildings.

The Marché Aligre is a true neighborhood market, so vibrant and bustling. Open six days a week, the produce is affordable, the selection diverse, and the vendors highly engaging. The out door stalls that fill the Place d’Aligre and rue d’Aligre are only open in the mornings from 9am-12:30pm (parisbymouth, 2014).

This market is one of the most historic and famous market of Paris.

It can be a good model for Rue La Mark Social housing, in terms of engaging dwellers and bringing vitality and vibrant.

(paris.cityseekr, 2014)

(Google-street, 2014)

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Precedent

Shared Space - New Road and Exhibition Road New Road The New Road project in Brighton was a former degenerate street dominated by vehicles. A high-quality public realm scheme by Gehl Architects introduced shared spaces, which has had a considerable effect on improving the local economy. Since its opening, traffic levels in the street have dropped by 93%, in the same time cycling and pedestrian numbers have risen by 22% and 162% respectively. Now it is one of the most visited streets in Brighton.

This is an example of how investment in liveable urban space can reap noticeable advantages for the urban citizens (Cities Alive, 2014).

New Road before Intervention (transportxtra, 2014)

New Road after Intervention (Flicker, 2014)

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Exhibition Road The intervention essentially consisted of the physical unscrambling of the street’s surface and traffic. Pedestrians and vehicular traffic now share the space in keeping with a “shared surface” model with a reduced speed limit. The ground has been cleared of footpaths, obstacles and architectural barriers so that pedestrians, people in wheelchairs and with baby buggies can move freely. Black cast-iron drainage channel covers run along both sides of the road, four metres away from the buildings. Edging the covers is a band of rough paving especially designed for the visually impaired (Publicspace, 2014).

Exhibitionroad before intervention (Midttsiden, 2014)

Exhibitionroad after intervention (Publicspace, 2014)

Precedent

Glass House - Sheffield Winter Garden and André Citroën Glass House Sheffield Winter Garden

One of the largest temperate glasshouses in the UK has created a stunning green world in the heart of Sheffield.

The Winter Garden is designed by Pringle Richards Sharratt Architects who designed the adjacent Millennium Galleries.

It’s 70 metres long, 22 metres wide and the enormous wooden arches are nearly 21 metres high. The bedding plants are changed five times a year, to give a seasonal change, and all the plants are watered by hose or by watering can, because it is the only way to ensure that all the plants get the right amount of water (Sheffieldergov, 2014).

The Sheffield Winter Garden can be a good example of green house in the urban context. The Green artery offers smaller model of green house in the city context, which will provide local product during the year.

Sheffield Winter Garden(BBC, 2014)

Sheffield Winter Garden(Sheffield.gov, 2014)

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André Citroën Glass House Two Green Houses( Hosting By Mediterranean vegetation) located in the Citroen park which is built around a central, rectangular lawn of roughly 273 by 85 meters. The park has been for the past two decades an attractive space of interaction for the city’s residents.

Its sits is located on the banks of the River Seine. This is one of the most well-known modern parks of the city. It is built on an area that was previously an industrial site, and has been named after Citroen, the automobile manufacturer (Landarch, 2014).

Parc Andre Citroen Glass house (Archdaily, 2014)

Parc Andre Citroen Glass house (Archdaily, 2014)

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4. Synthesis of Idea

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Alternatives Option 2

Option 1 Attrac te for Res d Area identia l

Green Island

Option 3

Residential

Green Cushion

Green bonds and Public Area

Green Buffer Apple Garden Green Buffer

Attracted Area for Residential and Public

Green Buffer

Public and Residential Area

Public and Residential Area

Green Corridor

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Selected Option

- Market area for 12 stands - Place for seating, chatting - Multi-functional zone for market, different performance

-Communal Farm

- Basketball Field (28m. 15m) 420 Square m - Playground - Seating area for observers and Parents

- Woodland

- Intermediate Area - Attracted for residence and public - Bringing Water and Ornamental Planting

Synthesis of Ideas Public Attracted

Intermediate Area Private Attracted

Vehicle Entrance Main Pedestrian Entrance

n Gree

Farm

Com

er

Buff

Vehicle Entrance

Place for Seatin And Chatting Woodland Market Public area

Vehicle Entrance

m

Com

arm

lF una

rm

al Fa

un omm

C

arm

al F

mun

Com Vehicle Entrance

al mun

rm al Fa

Intermediate area

mun

Com

Apple Garden Playground Basketball field

Woodland

Green

t

poin

View

r

Buffe

Communal Farm Main Pedestrian Entrance

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Extension Area Different Options

Slope

Option 2

Option 1

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Sun Shine direction

Under-story Green

Allotment Pedestrian access Orchard on grid

Glass house Cafe area

Option 3

Option 4 Shared street

Orchard grid Pedestrian Access Shared street Cut

Pedestrian Access

Extension Area

Conceptual Diagram Run off

Attached open spaces Green buffer for residential area

Community arrangement house

Connect green areas Cut

Community arrangement Fill

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Vision of Rue Lamark Social Housing Master Plan

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1- Market. Stalls of local market, provides an opportunity to sell local products.

2- Multi-functional fountain. It will reuse rain water.

3- Intermediate Plaza. This area tries to attract visitors as well as residence, by specific planting.

4- Picnic area. Open space will leave to grow naturally, this can be a bed to grow natural domestic species.

5- Play Ground. Natural form of land is mentioned have enclose playground, which will provide safe space for children without using any fences.

6- Basketball field 7- Ponds. 8% slope of site will help to create sustainable drainage system. These reservoir are collected and reused run off through the site which will mitigate the flood risk.

8- Communal farm. Allotments will allow residence to produce local fresh food.

9- Parking areas. It is tried to frame this part by green buffer which will reduce the noise and pollution of vehicle.

10- Orchard.

11- Winter garden. It offers urban agriculture in different times of year.

12- Rooftop allotment, will provide more area to help dwellers to become more self-sufficient, moreover working in the groups on top will inspire sense of ownership and pride .

13- Cafe. It will managed by locals and use garden Products.

14- Communal Organization House, is place to manage and organize the programs includes stalls renting, allotments allocation, glasshouse management and....

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5 12

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12 13

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1:500 @ A1

Vision of Rue Lamark Social Housing Merge the Layers

Playground and Basketball Field

Communal Farm

50 Woodland and Orchard

Hard surfaces and Parking area

Vision of Rue Lamark Social Housing Visualisation of Intermediate Plaza

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Vision of Rue Lamark Social Housing Visualisation of Communal Farm

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“Healthy places make people feel comfortable and at ease, increasing social interaction and reducing anti-social behaviour, isolation and stress�

(LandscapeInstitute, 2014).

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Vision of Rue Lamark Social Housing Watercolor, Bird Eye View

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Vision of Rue Lamark Social Housing Cross Section

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Woodland

Footpath among Woodland

Footpath among Woodland (Woodland will help reduce soil erosion by improving soil strength and stability, and increasing the infiltration of water into the soil)

Gat

(Us area child or w

thering and Sitting Space sers can sit in this a to look after their dren in Playground watching Basketball Players)

Sc 1:250 @ A1

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Green Plaza, Attracted area for Public and Private (Colorful, Aromatic and allurement prairie)

Gathering and Sitting Space

Market Area, Attracted area for public and Private

Vision of Rue Lamark Social Housing Plaster Model

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Breaking large scale of buildings facade by planting trees

Create green frame surrounding parking, working as a filter for residential area

Provide private and semi private area for dwellers

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Benefits Produce about 12.2 tonne local food annually

Add 1 km of bicycle track

Attract more tourists

Increase social interaction

Engage more than 250 to have physical activities on their located garden

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Involve youth and volunteers to have agricultural activities

Transforms 1 km Streets to more pedestrian friendly areas

Boots value of properties

Offers different activities to different ages and ability

Inspire a sense of pride and ownership

Enhance biodiversity

“The services and countless benefits to the human economy that come from nature have an estimated value every year of around double the global Gross Domestic Product, and yet this colossal contribution to human wellbeing is hardly ever mentioned when countries consider how to create future growth.�

(Juniper. T, 2013, P.2)

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5. Planting Strategy

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Planting Strategy

“ Plants are increasingly being recognized as vital part of our urban and domestic environments, not just a luxury or an unnecessary- if pleasant-bit of decoration. It has long been established, for example, that the mere view of plants through a window has a beneficial effect on the human psyche, and that plants can play an important role in cleaning and purifying the air of buildings and built-up environments.�

(Oudolf, 2013, P. 9)

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Visualisation of View from Social Housing Rue Lamark Flats

Planting Aims

Planting Visions Generating valuable sustainable habitat for wild life and bring biodiversity to the site.

Recreate thick and dense ecological corridor through Rue Jules Verne route.

Providing sustainable and dynamic landscape.

Attracting visitors by enhancing the quality of area.

Planting in the most efficient and economical way to improve the quality of environment.

Planting Missions Proposing fast growing plants like birches the first succession, and slow growing plants like oak and Scott Pine as second succession in different phases.

Designing Various level of height in different phases.

Planting mixture of Involving five multitude perennial plant, ever green senses of human as and deciduous. touching: by using different texture, planting aromatic plants and using complementary colors.

Using the native pallet of plants for designing.

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Planting Plan Quercus rubra Aztec pearl Malus domestica Ficus carica Magnolia soulangeana Pinus sylvestris Betulla pendula Salix Spp Alnus glutinosa Gingko biloba Existing Trees in the Site (Big trees which are not movable) Orchard trees Perennial

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Farm area

The under story will leave unmanaged to allow key passage for animals in the wider ecological framework.

Planting Story through Time

Planting Oaks around Birches .

Birch woodlands will give way to Oak woodland in a natural succession.

Oaks would be dominant species of this biome.

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Oak -Slow Growing -Low Maintenance -Living between several hundreds to over a thousand years

Birch -Fast Growing -Low Maintenance -Living between 40 to 60 years -Pioneer species in succession

After 20 years

After 70 years After first succession Birches will die and create a new habitat for other creature.

Planting strategy Trees

Betulla pendula

(Woodlandtrust, 2014) Gingko biloba

Aztec pearl

(Deeproot, 2015) Pinus sylvestris

Malus domestica

(Arbornet, 2015) Cedrus deodara

Salix Spp

(Biobrandeis, 2015) Magnolia soulangeana

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(Teddingtongardener, 2015) Quercus rubra

(Rhs, 2015)

(Rhs, 2015) Alnus glutinosa

(Naturespot, 2015)

(Cnseed, 2015) Ficus carica

(Rhs, 2015)

(Rhs, 2015) Orchard

(Photobucket, 2015)

Planting strategy Perennials

Lavandula angustifolia

(Rhs, 2015) Lavandula angustifolia

Lysimachia punctata

(gobotany, 2015) Polypodium vulgare

Rubberneck fulgida

(Specialperennials, 2014) Carex oshimensispunctata

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(Rhs, 2015) Ophiopogon japonicus

(Naturespot, 2015)

(Gardendirect, 2015)

(Wordpress, 2014)

Mathiasella bupleuroides

(Rhsplants, 2014) Glandularia canadensis

(Pittstate, 2014)

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6. Construction Details

Preparing Site

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Visualisation of replacing asphalt surfaces by topsoil

Construction Details Surfaces and Drainage

Topsoil

Parking Drainage System

Resin bonded (Dorset Gold)

Steel-edge

(Greenblueurban,2015)

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15 mm Thick Resin 40 mm Permeable 100 mm Base Course Non woven Geo-Textile Membrane

100 mm Base Course Base 3mm Stainless Steel Edge Topsoil Subsoil

Building Ground as Substructure 40 mm Permeable Tarmac Base 15 mm Thick Resin Bonded

Building Ground as Substructure Membrane

Parking Resin Bonded

Like-grained Concrete Water Feature Gutter 2% Slope

Paving Resin Bonded

Construction Details

Samples of Outdoor furnitures

4.00

1.5

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Timber Seat Section 1:50

Covered Light

Run off Water Brass Fountain Water Repellent Pool support Structure in Water proof

Top soil Gravel as Subsoil Run off Pipe Water Proof

Water Pomp

Details of Multi functional Structure (Seat and Rain Garden)

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Construction Details Lighting Strategy

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Lighting Plan

Construction Details Lighting Strategy

When site lighting is used adjacent to the residential buildings, there will be a need to keep noise levels to a minimum. This can be achieved by considering placement of the lights and using indirect light in the site.

Designing indirect light will help to enhance the item of safety as well as creating comfort atmosphere for users.

Indirect Light minimize Noise Level 75

Indirect Light Reduce Light Pollution

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7. Zoom out Area

The Green artery seeks to recover the Green route from

Cimetière Sainte-Marie to forêt de Montgeon. This part aims to demonstrate critical sections through the different parts of Green root to show that how the strategy will efficiently change the functional usages of streets and recovers the area with contemporary and sustainable elements.

Front page shows the direction of Green Artery and the location of following critical sections in order.

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Section 1: Current Situation Rue Louis Blanc Street

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3.00

15.00

1.20 2.00

The solution proposed: Side Walk Extension Strategy Wider sidewalk would enhance the pedestrian’s experience of city. A pilot project can quickly test side walk extension. After the pilot has proven its viability and value, the side walk extensions can be create permanent, with longterm amenities as illustrated in next page.

Modified Image of Googleearth, 2015

Section 1: Proposed & details Rue Louis Blanc Street

3.00

7.50

1.70

9.00

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Belt and pacer sleeve RootRain Metro irrigation system. Nail to stake with 50mm galvanised nail.

Timber tree stake

Loosen and shape base to aid root penetration and pit drainage

PLAN VIEW WITH CANOPY HIDDEN

ISOMETRIC VIEW

FRONT VIEW

SIDE VIEW Greenblueurban, 2015

Section 2: Current Situation Rue Pierre Currie Street

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8.00 3.00

10.00

The solution proposed: Curb Bulb

A curb extension (build-out) is suggested as a traffic calming measure, primarily used to extend the sidewalk, reducing the crossing distance and allowing pedestrians about to cross and approaching vehicle drivers to see each other when vehicles parked in a parking lane would otherwise block visibility. It is also used to improve safety by slowing down turning vehicle.

A curb extension is an angled narrowing of the roadway and a widening of the sidewalk.

Modified Image of Googleearth, 2015

Section 2: Proposed & details Rue Pierre Currie Street

81 3.00

1.50

6.50

1.50

8.50

Cycle path/footpath construction

PLAN VIEW WITH CANOPY HIDDEN

ISOMETRIC VIEW

FRONT VIEW

SIDE VIEW Greenblueurban, 2015

Section 3: Current Situation Rue Armand Carrel

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6.00

4.00

1.20

The solution proposed: Shared Street Strategy

Modified Image of Googleearth, 2015

A shared street is a street that invites pedestrians, cyclist and vehicles to use the space without separating the users (Shared space: Research, policy and problems, 2014). By attaching new surface treatments, the street will transform to a place firstly for pedestrian and cyclist, by vehicles allowed as “guests�. This might implement often by making continuous surfaces between to building facade.

The Dutch concept of woonerf (living Street), which includes shared space, traffic calming, and low speed limits, applies a similar concept in a typical residential context (road traffic signs and regulations in the netherlands, 2012).

Section 3: Proposed & details Rue Armand Carrel

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9.00

Communal Organisation House

Irrigation system installed around the guyed root ball.

Mulch between Arboresin and tree trunk Arboresin porous bound stone surfacing Arboresin galvanised steel support frame 1200mm x 1200mm Cycle path/footpath construction

PLAN VIEW WITH CANOPY HIDDEN

SIDE VIEW

ISOMETRIC VIEW

FRONT VIEW

Greenblueurban, 2015

Section 4: Current Situation Rue du Pere Flavigny

84 2.00

8.00

3.00

The solution proposed: Demonstration Cycle Track

Modified Image of Googleearth, 2015

Cycle Track will adapt streets for Cyclist by making riders of all ages feel safe. This strategy cab be tested through the implementation of temporary cycle tracks by using paint, flexible bollard or planters.

It should consider relationships with other strategies as well as connections to the existing and purposed bicycle infrastructure network.

In this case, a primary school is located in the street, the strategy will offer green barrier instead of rigid steel fence for protecting children in the pavement.

Section 4: Proposed & details Rue du Pere Flavigny

85 2.70

2.30

8.00

Timber tree stake

RootRain Urban irrigation system installed around the root ball.

PLAN VIEW WITH CANOPY HIDDEN

Cycle path/footpath construction 75mm mulch layer construction

SIDE VIEW

Root deflecting ribs.

ISOMETRIC VIEW

Shape base as shown to aid root penetration and pit drainage

FRONT VIEW Greenblueurban, 2015

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All in all, a multilayer landscape is adopted to the area to recreate green corridor of ForĂŞt de montgeon through the city.

The green infrastructure is applied to the city will enhance community safety and quality of life.

It would have economical benefits as well as psychological advantages for the users and visitors.

The project can go forward to connect all the green patches within the urban context and create integrated green network through the city.

This model can be test as a long-term strategy in other locations, which share similar urban conditions.

From Landscape Manifesto: “Connecting means not only creating links between places, but also more radically connecting the body to the elements of nature in a way that is orchestrated by the design itself � (Conan, M. 2010, p. 64 ).

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Figures

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Alnus glutinosa image (2015) Available at: http://warehouse1.indicia.org.uk/upload/Alder,%20(Alnus%20glutinosa)%20%20Marsh%20 near%20Old%20Fosse%20Sapcote%20SP%204950%209207%20(taken%2027.8.2007).JPG (Accessed: 10 November) Aztec pearl image (2015) Available at: http://www.deeproot.co.uk/photo/images360/c/Choisya%20’Aztec%20Pearl’%202.jpg (Accessed: 10 November) Betulla pendula image (2014) Available at: http://www.woodlandtrustshop.com/images/thumbs/0000739_438.jpg (Accessed: 10 November) Chongi, I (2014) Pere Flavigny Street Image: Kingston University Chongi, I (2014) Rue Lamark Social Housing : Kingston University Chongi, I (2014) Pere Flavigny Street Image: Kingston University Exhibition road before Intervention (2014) Available at: http://www.midtsiden.no/set-mjuke-trafikantar-i-fokus Exhibition road after Intervention (2014) Available at: http://www.publicspace.org/en/works/g069-exhibition-road Fayaz, M (2014) Shadow Images, 2014: Kingston University Fayaz, M(2014) Photo of Module, 2014: Kingston University Fayaz, M(2014) Photos of Module, 2015: Kingston University Ficus carica (2015) Available at: https://apps.rhs.org.uk/Advice/ACEImages//PUB0006355_973593.jpg (Accessed: 10 November) Glandularia canadensis (2014) Available at: http://www.pittstate.edu/department/herbarium/wildflowers/Glandularia_canadensis_ Rose_Vervain.jpg Gingko biloba image (2015) Available at: https://teddingtongardener.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/dscf3471.jpg (Accessed: 10 November) Google Street Image (2014) Available at: https://www.google.com/maps Greenblueurban(2015) Available at: http://greenblueurban.com (Accessed:17 July) Historic images of Social housing Available at: http://www.lehavre.fr (Accessed: 10 December) Image of Forêt de Montgeon (2013) Available at: http://www.normandie-actu.fr/files/2014/10/foret-630x0.JPG Image of Forêt de Montgeon (2012) Available at: http://www.lehavre.fr/node/31980 Lavandula angustifolia (2015) Available at: https://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselectorimages/detail/WSY0030209_3361.jpg Lavandula angustifolia(2015) Available at: https://www.gardenerdirect.com/buy-plants-online/52/Perennial-Grasses/Ophiopogon-japonicus-Mondo-Grass Lysimachia punctata (2015) Available at: https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org/species/lysimachia/punctata/ Magnolia soulangeana image (2015) Available at: https://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselectorimages/detail/WSYD0005533_3431.jpg Modified map of the World (2014 ) Available at: http://www.clker.com/cliparts/0/d/3/2/12205452201820142176shokunin_World_Map. svg (Accessed: 1 August) Modified Map of Google-earth (2014 ) Available at: https://earth.google.co.uk/ (Accessed: 2 August) Modified Map of AURH (2014 ) Available at: AURH Document Modified Access Map of Le Havre (2014) Available at: https://www.google.co.uk/maps/@51.4893095,-0.0881897,10z (Accessed: 10 November)

Modified image of Forêt de Montgeon (2012) Available at: http://www.lehavre.fr/sites/all/files/imagecache/scale645/upload_anonymous/17102014-img_7566.jpg &imgrefurl=http://www.lehavre.fr/node/31980&h=370&w=645&tbnid=T5YfYDkwsOnYLM:&docid=Qk5vZXZ7N9ptiM&ei=GNXRVYOGBYKta-7TnOAF&tbm=isch&ved=0CCYQMygGMAZqFQoTCIPyus6QsMcCFYLWGgod7ikHXA Malus domestica image (2015) Available at: http://arbornet.com.au/images/Malus_domestica_HoneyCrunch_large.jpg (Accessed: 12 November) Mathiasella bupleuroides (2014)Available at: https://patientgardener.wordpress.com/2012/04/30/end-of-month-view-april-2012/ Modified Map of Le havre (2014) Available at: https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=14/49.5194/0.1289&layers=C (Accessed: 15 November) New Road after Intervention (2014) Available at: https://www.flickr.com/photos/boblyp/5599132752 New Road before Intervention (2014) Available at: http://www.transportxtra.com/files/2619-l.jpg Parc Andre Citroen Glass house 1 (2014) Available at: http://www.archdaily.com/112685/ad-classics-parc-andre-citroen-alain-provost Parc Andre Citroen Glass house 2 (2014) Available at: http://www.paris-museums.org/blog/2011/07/great-parks-paris/ Pinus sylvestris image (2015) Available at: https://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselectorimages/detail/WSY0010903_3954.jpg Plan Local D’Urbanisme (2012) Available at: http://www.lehavre.fr/download/2014/PLU/rapport_de_presentation_tome_1.pdf (Accessed: 5 October) Polypodium vulgare (2015) Available at: http://www.naturespot.org.uk/species/polypody Quercus rubra image (2015) Available at: https://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselectorimages/detail/WSY0036701_5124.jpg (Accessed: 12 November) Rue Louis Blanc street Image (2014) Available at: https://www.google.com/maps Rue Verne Street Image (2014) Available at: https://www.google.com/maps Rosmarinus officinalis (2015) Available at: https://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselectorimages/detail/WSY0012032_8502.jpg Salix Spp image (2015) Available at: http://www.bio.brandeis.edu/fieldbio/medicinal_plants/images/willow_whole_full.jpg (Accessed: 12 November) Seine Metropole (2014) Available at: http://www.ateliergrandparis.fr/aigp/conseil/grumbach/GRUMACHlc02.pdf (Accessed: 1 Jun) Sheffield Winter Garden 1 (2014) Available at: https://www.sheffield.gov.uk/business-economy/development/pictures.html Sheffield Winter Garden 2 (2014) Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/staticarchive/8f0dabc5e5156f72f32a3aec61d8035975d846a2.jpg specialperennials (2014) Available at: http://www.specialperennials.com/images/RPlants/Rudbeckia/Rudbeckia_fulgida_Goldsturm3. jpg The Marché Aligre market image 1 ( 2014) Available at: http://static.theculturetrip.com/images/56-269133-marche-raspail.jpg The Marché Aligre market image 2 (2014) Available at: https://parigigi.files.wordpress.com/2008/11/marche41.jpg The Marché Aligre market image3 and 4, (2014) Available at: http://paris.cityseekr.com/venue/9754-place-d-aligre The Marché Aligre market image 5 (2014) Available at: Available at: https://www.google.com/maps Urban Square in Rue Verne Street Image (2014) Available at: https://www.google.com/maps Woodason, E.(2014) Ecology Master Plan Vision . ARUP

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Oudolf, P (2013) Planting a New Perspective. London: Timberpress Olivier. E, Baboulene. C, Gouchault. M (2014) POUR DE NOUVELLES RENCONTRES EN PAYS DE CAUX Available at: http://www. aurh.fr/ressources/publications-aurh/scot-lhpce/entry-154-pour-de-nouvelles-rencontres-en-pays-de-caux.html Marché Aligre Market(2014) Available at: http://parisbymouth.com/aligre-market-guide/ (Accessed: 17 May) PLAN LOCAL D’URBANISME (2013) Available at: http://www.lehavre.fr/download/2014/PLU/rapport_de_presentation_tome_1.pdf Road Traffic Signs and Regulations in the Netherlands (English PDF)(2012) Available at: https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&sqi=2&ved=0CCcQFjABahUKEwiLgpmMicXHAhWrFNsKHXAFBJI&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww. iamsterdam.com%2Fmedia%2Fpdf%2Fvisiting%2Fcycling%2Ftraffic-signs-regulations-en.pdf&ei=yM_cVYv-Iqup7AbwipCQCQ&usg=AFQjCNGDMGwZeA-GUSoCG8XQyMdAf1k98g&sig2=lgEkSLVI9FeSHHXUVnrGWg Siene Gateway (2013) Available at: http://www.aurh.fr/territoire-et-enjeux/la-vallee-de-la-seine-et-le-seine-gateway/le-gateway-de-laseine/ Shared space: Research, policy and problems (2014) Available at: http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/17937/ Sheffield Winter Garden (2014) Available at: https://www.sheffield.gov.uk/out--about/parks-woodlands--countryside/gardens/the-winter-garden Skylighters (2014) Available at: http://www.skylighters.org/special/cigcamps/cmptareyton.html UNESCO (2014) Available at: http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1181 (Accessed: 1 August) Urban Street Design Guide (2014) Available at: http://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/downloads/pdf/2012-nacto-urban-street-design-guide. pdf

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