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Size - 0.2 Square miles Population - 770 Language - Italian Location - Italy Currency - Euro Capital City - Vatican City
The Vatican City is a city and a state so the state is called Vatican City and the capital is called Vatican City. The Pope is an elected non-hereditary monarch and has complete judicial, executive and legislative control over the Vatican State - which means he is at present the only absolute monarch in Europe.
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Piazza di San Pietro (St Peter’s Square) and the colonnade were designed and built by Bernini (completed in 1667). At 314 meters long and 240 meters wide it is the largest square in Rome. Bernini (with the help of his pupils) designed the 140 statues of saints which decorate the colonnade. It has it’s own Post office and issues its own stamps. The Vatican mail system is widely used by Romans as in most cases is a lot quicker than Italian mail. The Vatican’s radio station is located in a tower inside the Vatican Gardens and broadcasts in 20 languages throughout the world.
Vatican City
The city issues its own passports; the Pope, cardinals, members of the Swiss guard and clergy being the recipients. Italians are allowed to donate 8% of their yearly taxes to the Vatican (this is instead of paying it to the Italian Government). In 2007 the Vatican opted to become the first Carbon neutral state by offsetting their carbon footprint with the creation of a forest in Hungary.
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Facts
Monaco
Size - 0.7 Square miles Population - 32,000 Language - French Location - French Mediterranean coast Currency - Euro Capital City - Monaco
Despite Monaco being independent, its national defence is the responsibility of France. The official religion is Roman Catholicism. The constitution provides for freedom of other religions. The Monaco Gran Prix has been held in Monaco since 1929. It takes six weeks to set up the circuit and three weeks to remove it. Monaco has the highest number of police per person than any country (just over 500 police for 33,000 people). Known as Europe’s tax haven, each and every individual of Monaco enjoys a tax-free lifestyle which begone in the 1870s. At present, Monaco’s current efforts to diversify its economy have made tourism its number one source of income and casino profits now only generate about 5%. It has no navy or air force.They have a small military with just over 100 people. France are responsible for defending Monaco if it is attacked by another nation.
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Monaco
Citizens of Monaco are not allowed to gamble, nor even visit the casinos. It only has 12 schools in total within its bounders.
The flag is identical to the Indonesian flag.
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Nauru
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Size - 8.18 Square miles Population - 13,700 Language - Nauruan Location - Micronesia in the South Pacific Currency - Australian Dollar Captial City - No official capital
Size - 9.89 Square miles Population - 10,544 Language - Tuvaluan and English Location - Polynesia Currency - Tuvaluan dollar Capital City - Funafuti (which is a separate island known as an atoll)
The first European to sight islands of Tuvalu (Nui and Niulakita) was the Spanish navigator Alvaro Mendana de Neyrain 1598 Tuvalu was named the Ellice Islands when a ship belonging to Edward Ellice, a British Member of Parliament, visited Funafuta in 1819.
Facts
In 1892 Tuvalu became part of the British Protectorate of the Gilbert Kiribati and Ellice Islands. Between 1916 and 1925 the UK administered Tokelau along with the Gilbert Islands (Kiribati) and the Ellice Islands (Tuvalu).
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Towards the end of the nineteenth century, scientists visited Tuvalu to explore Charles Darwin’s theory that coral islands, or atolls, were built on the top of submerged volcanoes. Boreholes were made on Funafuti (David’s Drill) but did not reach the volcanic base.
Tuvalu
In 1974 the Ellice Islands voted for separation from the Gilbert Islands.
Tuvalu 4_
The Ellice Islands became the British Colony of Tuvalu in 1975 and gained independence in 1978.
The people of Tuvalu are particularly concerned about global warming. It is thought that climate change will see the disappearance of the low-lying islands with rising sea levels.
The internet domain letters for Tuvalu are “tv”. This has proved valuable for the economy of Tuvalu through the lease of the domain letters “tv” to a media organization.
Size - 23.63 Square miles Population - 29,973 Language - Italian Location - Surrounded by Italy Currency - Euro Capital City - San Marino
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Size - 61.77 Square miles Population - 35,322 Language - German Location - bordered by Austria and Switzerland. Currency - Swiss franc Capital City - Vaduz
6_ Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein
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Liechtenstein is the smallest German-speaking country and the only German-speaking nation that doesn’t share a border with Germany. 79% of the inhabitants are Roman Catholics, while only 8% are Protestants. Liechtenstein has been a member of the European Economic Area (an organization serving as a bridge between the ‘European Free Trade Association’ (EFTA) and the EU since May 1995. During winter the temperature can get as low as -15°C, while during summer; it ranges between 20°C to 28°C. It has the highest per capita income in the world! Most of Liechtenstein’s terrain is mountainous, which consequentially makes it a fabulous winter sports destination. Liechtenstein is a constitutional monarchy and is divided into 11 municipalities. It played neutral in the Second World War and wholly depended upon Switzerland for assistance and guidance. Liechtenstein had safeguarded family treasures within the war zone. Prince Hans-Adam II is the present reigning prince of Liechtenstein. He ascended the throne in 1989.
Facts
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_ 7 Marshall Islands
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Size -70.05 Square miles Population - 60,000 Language - Marshallese and English Location - Pacific Ocean Currency - US Dollar Capital City - Majuro
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Saint Kitts and Nevis
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Size - 104.01 Square miles Population - 42,696 Language - English Location - West Indies Currency - East Caribbean Dollars Capital City - Basseterre
Saint Kitts and Nevis
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When Christopher Columbus discovered the island, he named it after his patron saint, St. Christopher. Later it was shortened to St. Kitts, his nickname. It was considered the mother colony of the West Indies. In 1958 St. Kitts and Nevis joined the West Indies Federation and remained in that association until its dissolution in 1962. The country has a Parliamentary Democracy, and belongs to the Commonwealth. The legal system is based on English common law; St Kitts and Nevis has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction. Various international financial agencies had blacklisted the country for improprieties in its off-shore financial-services industry, but it had been removed from all such lists by 2002. The nation’s economy was devastated through the mid-1980’s because of a drop in world sugar prices.
_ Maldives
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M m ald aj iv or es M at h a al ol s di l s. 1 To ve 19 u s su r 9 i pp ism s co o t ra he M r a t li in nd 15 ald s g sla m s e 5 8 i ve t a f nd h lle e ish p r ve n a n s s, M s e tM f u o t e t e e d wa s al r y gr di ll c t nt 15 ou u f v o in o r h 7 un sl pe i r a im It de a t ce 3. d m n d pe e nt It er ec t ex ha in na a h u o s n c oc ep b tio no e de n d ry. be Po tw cu t ee nc r e In cam r tu m tw n en n f p y e m o g i ty . It ie or an e n 1 f ro a i 8 -s d a m a ues th als t n 8 ix h i i m b e a e d 7, D t i r nd e o e j o ut o ie e w h t n w r M h s f s pe or ol c h cc o e t o a h in rl u ld ds U t i l ld e tin nd du d. n i l i v p ro p a . 16 t e th te 1 9 es te tio str th of nt e d n ie 6 5 be ct re sta 1 c K s en 5 co in , w ca ora be t u ye t e a rd gd h m te tw r y ar ll om e n e a in e fo . s e t r w hr . i t Br th n be he ou g a iti e in n gh i n sh g th ed th its e e P h o fla i r s tu to tte gu r y st es , co e un tr y in
Size - 115.05 Square miles Population - 350,000 Language - Dhivehi Location - Indian Ocean Currency - Maldivian Rufiyaa Capital - Male
Size -121.66 Square miles Population - 420,000 Language - Maltese and English Location - Mediterranean Sea Currency - Euro Capital - Valletta The main ethnic groups in Malta include Maltese, along with British and others (including Sicilian, French, Spanish and Italian).
10_ Malta follows the system of ‘Parliamentary Republic’.
Malta gained independence from the United Kingdom, on 21st September 1964. It became a republic on 13th December 1974.
Facts
In the past, there used to be a bridge connecting Malta with Sicily.
Malta
Malta was earlier known as Melita, meaning the island of honey, by ancient Greeks and Romans. Ghar Dalem Cave of Malta holds the earliest evidence of inhabitation in the country. The Temple at Ggantija traces back its foundation to a time period much before the Egyptian pyramids.
The megalithic temples in Malta boast of having a lineage older than England’s Stonehenge.
A submerged archway and underwater structures have been discovered off the coast of Malta.
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Malta