Lj jan 2014

LIGHTING

JOURNAL

January 2014

The publication for all lighting professionals

Seasons to be cheerful: the city that values darkness Facts of LiFi: visible light communication Part L 2014: what it means and the expert verdicts

Tuesday 4 – Thursday 6 March 2014 ExCeL, London www.ecobuild.co.uk

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Contents

1

Lighting Journal January 2014 03 EDITORIAL

34 BENEATH THE SURFACE

04 NEWS 08 LIGHT MINDED/

10 SEASONS TO

36 OUTSIDE EDGE

10

LIGHT HEARTED

BE CHEERFUL

Annukka Larsen on the awardwinning long-term lighting strategy for a Finnish city that spends half the hours in a year in darkness

Dr Nikola Serafimovski explains the technology of visual light communication and outlines the challenges

22 CHANGES TO BUILD ON

John Gorse provides an in-depth analysis of Part L 2014 and three other experts give their verdicts

26 LEADING LIGHT

26

Jill Entwistle looks back on the career of lighting design pioneer Derek Phillips

28 TOWERING

ACHIEVEMENTS

Two Japanese-designed schemes

that won Distinctions in the latest IES lighting awards

Future concept: the three winning urban lighting concepts from the 2013 Socialite CLU Foundation Competition

40 FOOTPRINTS ON

16 FACTS OF LI-FI

The full programme and some of the products on show at Light School at the Surface Design Show in February

THE HIGHWAY Vice presidents’ column: Elizabeth Thomas, VP highways and infrastructure, on learning and leading

42 PRODUCTS 44 FACE VALUE

Independent lighting design: Emma Cogswell argues for the importance of the conference

45 CONSULTANTS’ DIRECTORY

46 LIGHTING DIRECTORY 48 DIARY

32 PRIZE LIGHTERS

Some of the winning projects and products from the Lux Awards

COVER PICTURE The award-winning

44

Tokyo Skytree. See p28

Lighting Journal January 2014

Editorial Volume 79 No 1 January 2014 President Mark Johnson EngTech AMILP Chief Executive Richard G Frost BA (Cantab) DPA FIAM Editor Jill Entwistle Email: jill@theilp.org.uk Editorial Board Tom Baynham Emma Cogswell IALD Mark Cooper IEng MILP Graham Festenstein CEng MILP MSLL IALD John Gorse BA (Hons) MSLL Eddie Henry MILP MCMI MBA Alan Jaques IEng MILP Keith Lewis Nigel Parry IEng FILP Advertising Manager Julie Bland Tel: 01536 527295 Email: julie@theilp.org.uk

U

3

nless you’re going to come up with some sort of elaborate and possibly quasi sci-fi solution to augment daylight (Outside edge, p36), when you live in far northern climes you’re pretty

well stuck with extended periods of darkness. So you at least learn to live with it or, as the Finnish city of Jyväskylä did, actually view it as an opportunity (Seasons to be cheerful, p10).

When they initially embarked on their lighting masterplan in 1999, ‘darkness is a possibility not a problem’ appeared on their list of objectives. A decade later they won the city.people.light award. Now known as the City of Light – and yes, it does seem that there are rather a lot of them nowadays – Jyväskylä proved

Published by Matrix Print Consultants on behalf of Institution of Lighting Professionals Regent House, Regent Place, Rugby CV21 2PN Telephone: 01788 576492 Fax: 01788 540145 E-mail: info@theilp.org.uk Website: www.theilp.org.uk Produced by

that not only did its lighting strategy turn the city into an attraction but it has also saved considerable energy and money along the way. What’s not to like?

Talking of bringing light to darkness, a brief word of explanation about the caricature. Having had it done on the DW Windsor stand at LuxLive, I agreed to use it here as a one-off if the company reciprocated with a donation to the charity of my choice. Which they have kindly done, to SolarAid, which provides solar-powered lamps to Africa to help eliminate kerosene sources. I would be delighted if anyone would like to follow their

Matrix Print Consultants Ltd Unit C, Northfield Point, Cunliffe Drive, Kettering, Northants NN16 9QJ Tel: 01536 527297 Email: gary@matrixprint.com Website: www.matrixprint.com

example: www.solar-aid.org Happy New Year Jill Entwistle

© ILP 2014 The views or statements expressed in these pages do not necessarily accord with those of The Institution of Lighting Professionals or the Lighting Journal’s editor. Photocopying of Lighting Journal items for private use is permitted, but not for commercial purposes or economic gain. Reprints of material published in these pages is available for a fee, on application to the editor.

Lighting Journal January 2014

4

News

GaN-on-GaN the future, says LED inventor Shuji Nakamura, the inventor of the blue and green LED, has predicted that the next generation LED lighting will use pure gallium nitride (GaN) substrates to deliver better colour rendering and beam characteristics than the current generation of LED sources.

Most of today’s LEDs are based on GaN crystals deposited on a dissimilar substrate, usually composed of sapphire or silicon carbide. However, since 2008, Nakamura’s company, Californiabased Soraa, has been developing GaN-on-GaN technology which, he says, produces more light and is more efficient.

Nakamura claims that Soraa’s proprietary GaN-onGaN construction leads to better performance than using nonnative substrates because the

rate of crystal defects is reduced dramatically, increasing current density and enabling the same LED area to emit more light.

Nakamura recently addressed an audience at the UK’s LuxLive show. He predicted that ‘LED 2.0’ would quickly overtake existing LED technology and could reduce the impact of OLEDs. In November, Soraa announced plans to open a new LED fabrication plant in New York State in 2015.

Nakamura was named Person of the Year at the recent Lux Lighting Awards. He holds more than 700 patents and his invention of the blue LED made white LED lighting possible. l Market analyst Research and Markets has predicted that LED sales will drive the overall GaN chip market. Its report, Global

Packaged GaN LED Market 20122016, issued in November last year, forecast that the market would swell at a compound annual growth rate of 12.1 per cent over the period 2012-2016.

‘One of the key factors contributing to this growth is the increased adoption of packaged GaN LEDs in the lighting segment,’ according to the report, but it also warned of an imbalance between supply and demand.

LETTER

DPA answers SOS appeal Independent lighting design consultancy DPA Lighting recently brought together a range of lighting suppliers to help television’s DIY SOS team build a new play centre for a children’s charity as part of the BBC Children in Need annual fundraiser.

The DIY SOS Big Build project was the programme’s biggest ever, but created the centre in Peterborough for Little Miracles, a support group for parents of children with disabilities and life-limiting illnesses, in just nine days on site.

The project replaced a concrete shed with no facilities and no disabled access with a brand new, 250sqm facility, with just under a hectare of fully landscaped, wheelchairaccessible woodland with adventure trails and play areas.

The DIY SOS team approached DPA last August to help them to create stimulating

Lighting Journal January 2014

zones throughout the play centre using low energy light sources, specifically LEDs, as the charity needed to minimise maintenance and running costs. The lighting scheme includes colour-changing lighting within the centre’s Sensory Room (pictured), linked to musical control pads operated by the children.

The entire project had been estimated to take nine months and to cost more than £1m but actually took four weeks from initial concept to handover, with nine days on site to complete and a budget of just ‘thousands of pounds’, according to the BBC. The lighting manufacturers who donated equipment, time, support and advice were iGuzzini, Insta, Light Projects, Light Graphix, Lucent Lighting, Philips Lighting, Rako Controls, Storm Lighting Solutions (RZB Lighting), DAL, KKDC and Encapsulite.

The November/December 2013 issue of Lighting Journal included a summary of the October 2013 ILP PIP Forum on research. I was invited to attend this event and, as with a previous event regarding the S/P ratio, found it to be an interesting meeting. The ILP has a good attitude to supporting research and I hope this continues.

I would like to clarify the comment attributed to me in the article: rather than calling for the lighting industry to provide more research funding because they benefit from good research, I was highlighting that this is an issue used by referees to reject funding applications when I have sought funding in the past. These referees are likely to be from the wider engineering field and clearly they consider the lighting industry should fund lighting research.

My proposal that the ILP establishes a research fund is one approach to addressing this; a small pilot study funded via the ILP prior to making a full funding application would demonstrate interest from the lighting industry.

Good research benefits all in the lighting industry and ILP support in this manner would be a step towards further research.

Steve Fotios Professor of Lighting and Visual Perception Sheffield University

News

5

Coroner orders Warwickshire to speed up lighting review A coroner has ordered Warwickshire County Council to speed up a planned review of its street lighting policies following a death partly blamed on new part-night lighting. The inquest on 18-year-old Archie Wellbelove, who was hit by a taxi on the A452 Kenilworth Road in Leamington on 7 December 2012, concluded that ‘a lack of street lighting’ was one of ‘multiple factors’ leading to the accident.

The council’s policy is to operate approximately 80 per cent of its street lights on a part-night basis. Around 39,000 street lights are switched off between midnight and 5.30am. The accident happened at 3.45am and other factors included the victim’s dark clothing, position in the road and inebriation, according to a detailed narrative verdict by coroner Dr David Brittain.

‘We will also look at what has been learned at the inquest to see what this tragic case has to tell us,’ said a spokesman for Warwickshire County Council. ‘At the time of the incident, the lights were switched off on the road. It is a stretch of road where there is limited traffic during the hours of the switch off and where there have historically been very few accidents.

‘When contacted at 4:20am on the morning of 7 December 2012, our engineer

responded instantly to the request of the emergency services to switch the lights back on in the surrounding area where the tragedy had occurred,’ he added.

The narrative verdict included instructions to the council to speed up a countywide street lighting review initially scheduled for July 2014. ‘We will continue to work closely with all agencies involved and monitor all the data on accidents on roads, as well as all aspects of community safety, where part-night lighting is in operation,’ said the council.

The council has also said that it has ‘closely examined all aspects of community safety both before and during the move to part-night lighting’, adding that ‘since the move, there has been no increase in the rates of road traffic accidents on roads where the lights have been switched off.’

On its website, WCC says: ‘In future years we will be looking at dimming new installations where the necessary dimming equipment is installed by the manufacturer at the factory which reduces the cost.

‘Where we are replacing or upgrading the lighting in an area we do always look at using lower-energy equipment but this will still be operated on a part-night basis to achieve the required savings.’

New ILP landscape lighting guide to be launched at EcoBuild

A new ILP guide to the lighting of landscapes will be formally launched as part of the ILP’s participation in EcoBuild 2014 in March.

The 96-page guide, whose full title is Lighting Landscapes: a Guide to Implementing Successful Lighting within the Public Realm, has been written

by Carl Gardner.

It is aimed at landscape architects, planning authorities, lighting engineers, elected members of LAs, public consultation bodies, architects, contractors, students of design, architecture and engineering and, of course, lighting designers.

The major aim is to inspire those responsible for commissioning and funding all types of public and private space to recognise the numerous benefits of good landscape lighting – and to put such lighting at the centre of the design of new or refurbished urban spaces, parks and gardens.

The guide also spells out how the best landscape lighting can be achieved – the issues to be considered, the necessary steps along the way, and the techniques and technologies that can be used. It conveys this essential information through the use of well-photographed, exemplary case studies.

EcoBuild 2014 is at London’s ExCel exhibition centre from March 4-6. There will be a longer feature on this new guide in the February issue of Lighting Journal. In the meantime for more information contact Jess Gallacher on 01788 576492 or email jess@theilp.org.uk

Thomas wins new ILP competency award In a surprise announcement at his recent LuxLive CPD competency seminar, education vice president Dave Burton singled out Elizabeth Thomas, public lighting PFI manager at Walsall Metropolitan Borough Council, for an award for outstanding best practice in competency.

Thomas won the ILP Best Practice in Competency Award because she had submitted ‘the most complete, up-todate, comprehensive and outstanding CPD records ever reviewed by the institution,’ said Burton.

‘Elizabeth Thomas was randomly selected during the ILP’s CPD audit process and had replied within two hours with an amazing portfolio of evidence,’ he added.

Elizabeth Thomas said she was both surprised and thrilled to receive the award.

For a copy of the presentation and more information on competency, email jess@theilp.org.uk

IET releases Code of Practice for LEDs

The Institution of Engineering and Technology’s new Code of Practice for Application of LED Lighting Systems will be released in January 2014. It covers lighting design, drivers, circuits, physical considerations, commissioning, inspection and maintenance.

‘A code of practice will benefit the industry and also build confidence in this technology for contractors and customers,’ said Ben Papé, chair of the IET technical committee on LED Lighting Systems.

The code lays down minimum standards for good installation practice. The IET has warned that poor quality installation could cancel out the benefits of LED lighting by reducing lifetime performance or causing interference with other equipment through poor systems integration.

Lighting Journal January 2014

6

News

Carpet diem

News in brief TfL plans to spend £10.9m installing a CMS and upgrading 35,000 street lights to LEDs by 2016, the largest single investment to modernise main road street lighting in London’s history, it says. The aim is to save £1.85m a year in energy costs. The next 10 years will see further upgrades, with most of London’s street lights converted to LEDs by 2023.

ILP member Kevan Shaw of KSLD was awarded Lighting Designer of the Year at the Lux Awards 2013. Judges described Shaw as ‘a highly passionate and committed individual’ whose work demonstrates ‘a rare mix of design and engineering skills’. He is ‘generous with his time in the promotion of good lighting and energy efficiency’, they added. KSLD also got a highly commended in the awards’ Hospitality and Leisure category for a scheme designed for Iona Abbey Museum.

The thing about LEDs is that you can put them pretty much anywhere – including underfoot.

Philips has teamed up with carpet specialist Desso to develop light-transmissive versions.

There are clearly lots of applications, including providing information, guiding people around, indicating exit routes, and helping to declutter spaces by making information visible only when needed. And then, of course, there are the decorative possibilities. The LED carpets are designed for high-traffic areas and come in different colours, shapes and sizes.

‘This solution is designed to engage directly with people’s senses and the eyes’ natural inclination to seek out light,’ said Ed Huibers, marketing and sales director at Philips Lighting.

‘The technology takes advantage of people’s tendency to be guided by the floor when moving through and interacting with space.’

The partners have agreed to work exclusively together in developing the markets in Europe, the Middle East and Africa. A joint development agreement has also been signed to create a seamless integration of the concept into new and existing buildings. The companies are working on pilot projects, but apparently we have to wait until the full launch this year to find out what the carpet will be called. Footlights?

ILP presents rare honour The ILP has presented a rare Certificate of Companionship to longserving member Ray Toft at a recent meeting of the Scotland region. Toft (pictured left with Scotland region chairman Darryl Bullock, centre, and Jimmy Milne) started Tofco in 1973, but has now decided to retire for health reasons.

‘I would like to thank Ray on behalf of myself, the CEO and all head office staff for his support of the Institution and the Scottish region,’ said ILP president Mark Johnson. ‘I am sure I echo the thoughts of the regional committee in saying that such active and solid supporters of the institution make us what we are.’

Lighting Journal January 2014

Rachael Nicholls, now senior lighting designer at Hoare Lea Lighting, won this year’s Young Lighter of the Year Award for her presentation Task Lighting at the Hospital Bed. The ILP award for best paper went to Philip Avery, a lighting designer at GIA Equation, for Architectural Lighting: Not Yet Dead. David Kretzer, who looked at synagogue daylighting design, picked up the Lightmongers’ award for best presentation.

US lighting designer Leni Schwendinger has joined Arup as an associate principal to lead the firm’s urban lighting design network. Winner of several awards, Schwendinger has lectured and taught widely throughout the US, Europe and Japan, and is considered an innovator and authority on urban lighting and infrastructure.

James Miles and Paul Yates, senior lighting designers at Kingfisher Lighting. both passed the Lighting Education Trust’s (LET) Diploma in Lighting with flying colours. The lighting diploma, launched in 2001, is a distancelearning course, run by LET in association with London South Bank University.

Colin Ball, lighting associate with BDP Lighting, has become the 1000th member to sign up to the International Association of Lighting Designers (IALD).

Recolight has launched a combined WEEE compliance service for luminaires and lamps, a sign of technologies converging, and that luminaires with integrated LEDs are becoming more commonplace. ‘The current recycling rate of one per cent for separately collected luminaires is far too low,’ said Recolight CEO Nigel Harvey. www.recolight.co.uk

Wish a Happy New Year to all our Customers Barnsley Bournemouth Bradford Brighton Bury Calderdale Chiltern City of York Darlington Derby City Council Derbyshire CC’ Doncaster Essex Hampshire Hertfordshire Hull City Kent Leicester City Leicestershire Liverpool Luton North York’ Oxfordshire Peterborough Poole Rotherham

Solihull Southend St Helens’ Suffolk Thurrock Torbay Westminster Islington K&C City of London Ealing Greenwich Hackney Sutton TFL Waltham Forest Anglesey Blaenau Gwent’ Vale Of Glamorgan’ Swansea Rhondda Cynon Taf’ Carmarthenshire Denbighshire Gwynedd Merthyr Dublin

Dumfries & Galloway’ East Ayrshire’ Scottish Borders’ South Ayrshire’ South Lanarkshire Glasgow Balfour Beatty Cartledge Bouygues Enterprise Mouchel Volker Highways McCann Peek Prysmian Skanska SSE Designs for Lighting Mouchel URS WSP Atkens Stainton LDS Wigan Wiltshire Wokingham Worcestershire

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LIGHT Minded...

It is time to evolve, argues Dave Franks, service development manager public lighting at Westminster City Council

The traditional local authority lighting engineer and its habitat, the Highway Authority Transportation Services, may well soon become extinct. Survival may require adaptation and evolution into wider portfolio managers, who not only understand lighting, but other highway services, working with colleagues within their own authority and their neighbouring authorities, sharing skill sets and the cost of delivering these technical services.

These are very difficult times. Public finance is still under significant pressure and local authority revenue budgets are required to deliver more with less. However, there is a danger that these efficiencies will result in the loss of the skill sets needed to deliver the necessary efficiencies of the future – namely a competent lighting manager.

Adaptability is likely to be the key to the survival of lighting services. But in a world with smart phones and internet glasses the expectations of LA services are enormous – a case of Star Trek meets The Flintstones. While the future must involve the application of technology, be it LEDs, CMS, apps and other electronic gizmos, we need to be careful not to forget the basic engineering requirements.

The promised land of LEDs and CMS will need to deliver best value – if a network is not fully prepared for it, there may be no point in installing expensive high-tech solutions on life-served assets unless you have a fully costed and thought-through redeployment strategy.

Technological innovation is possibly the most sensible solution for sustainable futures but the challenge is to choose the correct opportunities for your particular journey. While one size can fit all, it will rarely fit well, and we probably all understand that short-term gains may well come with long-term pain.

The best way to manage your assets is in a sustainable, continuously improving approach throughout their lifetime – evolving ways that deliver the best value, identifying opportunities that arise on the journey, developing business cases to harvest the potential efficiencies and savings that may become available.

Lighting Journal January 2014

It means investigating all options, understanding and measuring the potential impacts that may occur from any intervention and, not forgetting the revenue implications, being sure that any forecast savings can be realised within the current contractual and operational arrangements.

This is where the ‘old’ lighting engineer skill sets come into their own. But are these being lost?

Can the sector look to best (good) practice, relying on industry groups to deliver clear auditable advice and guidance, tried, tested and reviewed solutions that identify the pros and cons for any intervention?

Well not really. The sector is segmented and the focus depends on the point of view of the particular group. There appears to be little coordination or visibility of each of the group’s work streams.

The challenge to the various industry groups is to coordinate and consolidate themselves into a coherent structure that can deliver efficient development of guidance and support documentation, which is consulted on and audited to ensure it will help deliver the intended outcomes, eliminating duplication, conflict and confusion.

All the organisations, groups and sub-groups need to arrange themselves into a sector-led hierarchical structure that supports and develops the industry, promoting the latest innovative solutions and deriving the most from a limited pot of funding.

This combined sector-wide approach could deliver some of the much-needed efficiencies, challenging current practice and lobbying for change when appropriate.

We need a sector that coordinates effort and focuses on the most important problems at any given time. We need industry groups to provide us with a clear understanding of what they are working on, what they are trying to achieve and where the outcomes can be accessed.

If the public lighting services for the UK are to continue to meet the continuing challenges of financial constraints they need strong sector leadership, collaboration and shared knowledge.

8

Opinion

LIGHT Hearted Peter Hunt, chief operating officer of the Lighting Industry Association, on an unfulfilled source of creativity What I like about lighting is that every decade or so a new technology comes along that allows us to reinvent how we light spaces and spawns a rash of new luminaire designs we use to do it. I also like the fact that some designs transcend this change and become classics. The Anglepoise desk lamp is one enduring example, the Tizio another.

Not that I put myself anywhere near that exalted company, but I am fortunate enough to have designed some lighting products that have weathered a few storms and remain in production after a relatively modest 30 or so years.

So what has the LED revolution spawned? Have we seen the enduring classic LED luminaire of the future? I’m sure there are those who will shoot me down in flames with their own worthy examples but I haven’t seen it yet and they haven’t been around long enough to prove me wrong. Manufacturers in both the commercial and domestic sector seem reluctant to seize the wonderful design opportunities presented by this tiny and relatively cool light source and I mostly see a plethora of LED versions of previously available luminaires.

Perhaps the longest recession in living memory has held us back but as the economy creaks out of the gloom I really look forward to recognising a genuine jaw-dropping design that has the potential to still be with us 50 years from now.

I also like the fact that as we develop new sources we light spaces more imaginatively and we light things we never lit before. The energy conscious will claim, perhaps rightly, that as we make light more efficient we simply consume more of it. But once we have got over the novelty of changing colours every few seconds it surely must make the lit environment a more interesting place.

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10

Urban lighting

Seasons to be cheerful

Annukka Larsen explains the long-term lighting strategy for the Finnish city of Jyväskylä which sees potential not problems in darkness

W

ith 133,000 inhabitants Jyväskylä is Finland’s seventh largest city and one of the country’s centres of growth.The Jyväskylä Region as a whole has a population of some 174,000.

It is also the city where the world-famous architect Alvar Aalto grew up and spent the early years of his working life.

He designed 30 buildings in the region, reflecting various phases of his career from the 1920s through to the 1970s.

As a result, Jyväskylä is home to more buildings by Aalto than any other city in the world. Architectural competitions, both domestic and international, still serve to strengthen the modern cityscape.

The city lives in darkness for just under half the hours in the year, but the available light is divided very unevenly.

For example, at midsummer the sun rises in Jyväskylä at 3.20am in the morning and sets in the evening at 11.15pm.

On Christmas Eve, on the other hand, the sun comes up in the morning at 9.45am and sets at 3pm. At Jyväskylä’s latitude in winter the blue hour lasts for about an hour

Lighting Journal January 2014

The Magnet installation by Jukka Korpihete reflects light patterns on to Compass square

Urban lighting

11

and in summer for as much as two and a half hours.

OBJECTIVES 1999-2000 In Finland variations in the amount of daylight and darkness are something one simply has to • The city realised the great potential of lighting during the learn to live with. For many people in Finland Lighting Masterplan process in 1999-2000. The following winter causes a depressive state – light therapy aims/observations were listed: administered through the ear canals has even been developed (Valkee) to help combat it. Depression is • There’s no night-time architecture at its worst in the spring when the amount of natural • A safe and comfortable cityscape is achieved by light again starts to increase. Urban lighting may be illuminating the space no cure for depression, but it can certainly be used to brighten up the general dispiritedness brought on by • Road lighting techniques are not valid in the city centre a dark autumn and winter.

• Luminaire glare should be avoided Jyväskylä is a forerunner in the field of urban illumination, a city whose example is followed both in • Darkness is a possibilty, not a problem Finland and other countries. In addition to promoting energy efficiency and general safety, the city’s lighting has an aesthetic purpose: light increases the inhabitants’ was particularly keen to emphasise that lighting is being level of satisfaction and quality of life. The city has installed for the people of the city in order to boost general made a policy of viewing darkness as an opportunity satisfaction and wellbeing, not simply for image reasons. rather than a hindrance.

Administration of street lighting passed to the city in City of Light is one of the city’s development projects 1996, at which time various development projects aimed at and regarded as a long-term process. The vision improving the energy efficiency of the lighting system were underpinning the strategy is to further develop lighting in begun. The first phase of the Pro-Environment Outdoor built-up areas and be a pioneer in the use of new lighting Lighting project was already underway in 1998-2002, technology. The general plan for outdoor lighting formulated during which period all the mercury vapour lamps were in 2000 lays down further how the city’s appearance during times of darkness should be developed.

The results of the City of Light project speak for themselves. The list of more than 80 specially illuminated sites includes parks, bridges and building facades, as well as examples of light art. Only half the sites are the city’s handiwork; the remainder have been realised by property owners and other parties with a particular interest in light. Implementation of these schemes has provided more to see in Jyväskylä, as mentioned before a city highly regarded for its architecture, and more for all those either living in or visiting the city to experience.

Incorporating lighting as part of urban planning is Jyväskylä’s strength in comparison to other Finnish cities that are making an investment in lighting. The city employs its own lighting planner, whose task is to help with planning across lines of ownership and to monitor that the lighting installed is of high quality.

Light is an integral part of the city’s infrastructure.

Jyväskylä has won numerous awards, the most significant of which was first prize in the international city.people.light competition in 2009. The jury City map of installations

PRO-ENVIRONMENT OUTDOOR LIGHTING PROJECT Development of average wattage per luminaire 1997-2012

2009: The merger of three municipalities meant that light points suddenly went from 19,000 to 30,000 Since 2010: Pro-enviroment Outdoor Lighting project

replaced with high-pressure sodium sources, which produced more light with lower energy consumption. Townspeople are therefore accustomed to yellow light.

The second phase began in 2009, during which time 4400 lighting fixtures were replaced by more energy-efficient units. The change was underpinned by a precise technical plan and lighting computation which indicated what the smallest possible lamp for street lighting purposes would be. The biggest saving is achieved by replacing old 125W lights on site access roads with 50W high-pressure sodium lamps. During the same phase a smart control system for outdoor lighting was implemented; various control models were tested in residential

Lighting Journal January 2014

12

Urban lighting

LIGHTING CONTROL

Intelligent lighting control systems by Jyvaskyla-based C2 SmartLight MODEL FOR CONTROL - Summer switch-off for 50 days - Accurate switch-off/on times - Dimming and partial switch-offs - Some parks switched off for the night g

Fully operational in 2013 and with visible savings after 2014

PUBLIC FEEDBACK Lighting controls were tested in autumn 2010 and the feedback from the public was clear: half of the people didn’t notice any change, some people had noticed the new lighting being non-glary and almost all supported the project’s energy-saving aspect (Based on a phone survey involving 852 people).

Vaasankatu bridge, lighting by Annukka Larsen, 2011

SITUATION END OF 2012 Light points

29,130

Energy consumption

11,811MWh/year

Burning hours per year

3600h

Maintenance costs 540,000 €/year 18.50 €/light point g

2009: 29,392 15,868 MWh/year 3914 h 691,000 €/year 23.50 €/light point

Saving: 25.5 per cent = 4057 MWh/year

FINANCE AND COST -

Total cost: €5m

-

Energy subsidy from the Ministry of Employment and Economy (25-30 per cent).

-

Payback time: five years (estimated)

-

Pioneer financing model: project was financed with leasing contracts and later on with savings, avoiding the need for large-scale funding.

-

A little over one million euros are saved yearly because the maintenance costs are cut by €460,000 and the energy bill by €600,000

Lighting Journal January 2014

areas and inhabitants asked for their opinions.

The period 2011-2013 has witnessed the third phase of the project, during which time more than 10,000 lighting fixtures have been replaced.

Some of the schemes were so-called special lighting schemes, involving traffic roundabouts, bridge illumination, parks and light traffic routes.

By 2014 half of Jyväskylä’s 30,000 lighting points will have been replaced with more energy efficient units, lighting control systems further improved, the electricity grid rationalised and light pollution reduced by aiming light only at the point where it is needed. Energy savings of 40 per cent compared to benchmark year 2005 will have been achieved and almost €1m annually will be left in the public purse. As a result of energy savings, emissions of CO2 will fall by 1665 tonnes, which in terms of environmental impacts corresponds to the planting of 5300 trees.

The Pro-Environment Outdoor Lighting project has cost roughly €5m in total. A portion of this has been funded by means of leasing finance and in recent years by the savings achieved. The Ministry of Employment and the Economy has assisted the project in the form of a 25-35 per cent energy subsidy.

From the outset competitive tendering for lighting fixture replacement contracts has been sensibly handled and the price of new lighting fixtures brought as far down as possible. The invitation to tender contained various approved lighting fixture models for different types of street.

This allowed bidders to compete with the prices of the lighting fixtures themselves and not just the labour element.

The annual savings of €1m accrue from a saving in electricity (60 per cent) and a reduction in maintenance costs (40 per cent). During their two-year guarantee period the lighting fixtures are maintained by a contractor rather than the city. A further saving is generated by a reduction in fuse sizes at street light electrical centres and therefore in the basic charges charged by the energy provider.

Jyväskylä is known as the City of Light and therefore energy savings from lighting cannot involve skimping on illumination quality. The city as a whole, with the exception of commercial districts, area centres, the immediate city centre, parks and harbours, is lit with high-pressure sodium light. This guideline was adopted because of the high price of white light. The lighting technology chosen, however, is as glare-free as possible and as soon as white light is a justifiable investment in terms of energy efficiency, price and security of supply then the changeover can go ahead. The important thing was to instigate energy-saving measures rapidly with an eye to the future.

Today LED technology obviously represents the leading edge of development and in Jyväskylä there have been opportunities to use it in the streets comprising the immediate city centre; the new Äijälänranta residential area – which will be completed in the summer of 2014

Urban lighting

13

Pole-mounted lighting on Kuokkala Bridge before (above) and after (above right), switching from HPS to LEDs

The lighting scheme has made the Kuokkala Bridge a much-photographed attraction

respect for the old but making use of the latest LED technology. The new lighting system with 30W LED luminaires consumes 74 per cent less energy than the old. The illumination level accords with the lighting class laid down for the thoroughfare, and the colour and quality of the light are superior to before.

The majority of the city’s inhabitants have not even noticed that the lighting has been upgraded. This is actually the aim of the entire energy‐saving project, to achieve better light with lower energy consumption –balancing lux with luxury.

Picture by Pörrö

– as well as in special lighting locations.

When we embarked on an overhaul of Jyväskylä’s best known landmark, the Kuokkala Bridge, warm white LED light was our starting point.

The decorative illumination of the facade of the bridge was implemented in 2003 around a ‘Golden Bridge’ theme. The bridge’s lighting is extremely impressive, the source of great civic pride and features prominently in thousands of photographs taken of the city.

The bridge’s pole‐mounted lighting, on the other hand, is the original design dating from 1989. The globe‐shaped luminaires contained a 100W son lamp and street lighting optical elements. The lighting was very even and glare‐free, though considerably over-dimensioned.

The globes form an integral part of the bridge’s appearance by day and by night.

For this reason it was decided to LEDs have been used in the city centre overhaul the bridge’s lighting with due

Annukka Larsen, an IES Finland award winner (2011), is a member of the City of Light team responsible for lighting design, construction and maintenance. This feature is based on her presentation at the Light in the City event in Hasselt, Belgium, at the end of last year.

Lighting Journal January 2014

CALL FOR PAPERS

FOr PrOFEssIOnAL LIGHTInG EVEnTs

This year sees two Lightscene events.

The first, at ecobuild, excel, London lasts for three days: March 4-6.

lighting for the built environment to achieve public benefit. The ILP Vice President Events invites applications from potential speakers in the lighting profession and associated fields.

In this period of unprecedented challenges, presentations should inform, inspire and stimulate debate amongst event attendees.

25 June

The Institution of Lighting Professionals has launched its 2014 programme of events, packed with potential for all lighting professionals.

All ILP events provide an inspiring and affordable way for everyone in the lighting world to fulfill CPD requirements, build and maintain competency, and ultimately to deliver quality

LIghTIng FOR COmmunITIES London An interactive day of discussion and debate on the most pertinent issues affecting everyone involved in exterior lighting.

There are opportunities at both Lightscene events to deliver Professional Lighting seminars to provide education and CPD for an audience of ILP members and non members.

how to apply

Additionally, organisations exhibiting within Lightscene at ecobuild are entitled to deliver a 20 minute presentation showcasing their services and products!

To apply to speak at an ILP event, please email jo@theilp.org.uk with: • Author’s full name and organisation • Author’s email, postal address, mobile and landline telephone numbers • Title of proposed paper • 250 to 500 words in English describing the proposed paper with enough information for the reviewers to make an informed decision • Details of any event or publication which has previously featured the paper

24 & 25 september

The second, in scotland, takes place on May 8.

ThE PROFESSIOnAL LIghTIng SummIT Solihull This summit has been developed to afford delegates the latest information, best practices and technological advances in an efficient, cost effective format. This prestigious event is the highlight of the ILP’s highly respected annual events programme. submission deadline: 10 March 2014

If you wish to discuss your paper prior to submitting please email jo@theilp.org.uk and the Vice President Events will call you for an informal chat.

Events are developed on an ongoing basis both nationally and regionally so we are always open to approaches from speakers throughout the year.

any queries?

The ILP Events Team is happy to help on 01788 576492 jo@theilp.org.uk & jess@theilp.org.uk

ELD

Interested in expanding your knowledge of exterior lighting and being a more competent and effective lighting engineer?

This course is for you.

To be a competent and effective lighting engineer you need a comprehensive knowledge of exterior lighting.

From day to day issues such as maintenance to more specific tasks such as tunnel lighting design, you must have a full understanding of every facet of your profession.

The Institution of Lighting Professionals Exterior Lighting Diploma not only supplies you with this knowledge, it provides proof of this to the industry, the profession and your employer.

A MUST HAVE qualification for the competent, skilled and knowledgeable lighting professional.

A comprehensive four module course covering exterior lighting from street to architectural practice.

Taught by expert lighting professionals using engaging techniques: lecture style, group projects and site visits.

Only available from the Institution of Lighting Professionals.

16

Projectslight communication Visible

Facts of Li-Fi With the growing demand for wireless data and higher speeds, lighting is potentially an ideal communication conduit. Dr Nikola Serafimovski explains the technology and looks at the challenges

S

ince the introduction of mobile technologies more than 30 years ago, wireless communications have evolved into a utility similar to water and electricity, fundamental to the socio-economic growth of the modern society. To support the ever-growing demand for mobile communications, cellular networks have had to evolve from simple local service providers, to massively complex cooperative systems1.

There are around one million apps available for android alone and that number is growing exponentially.

This excludes all the proprietary apps developed for smart systems and machine-to-machine communications.

Lighting Journal January 2014

The vast majority of these apps rely on wireless radio frequency (RF) communications. This growing demand for wireless data and higher speeds has been facilitated chiefly through the use of smaller cellular sizes. Indeed, the global market for mobile communications is estimated at around $1.5 trillion. Imagine if lighting could be used for mobile communications.

Most recently, visible light communication (VLC) has been identified as complementary to existing RF systems by researchers to provide additional bandwidth and system capacity. All the while, leveraging the existing energy-efficient

ubiquitous indoor lighting along with the large amount of indoor traffic as a market driver. Indeed, meeting this exponentially growing demand (Fig 1) is the main challenge for wireless communications over the next decade(s).

Future networks are moving towards more heterogeneous architectures where multiple access points (APs, for example, macro-, pico-, femto-cells, relays and/or remote radio heads) are available in each cell3. This will lead to an even denser spatial reuse of resources to address the challenge of wireless capacity. These heterogeneous networks (HetNets) provide

Visible light communication

Fig 1 The predicted, almost exponential, increase in demand of mobile communications services over the next years2 and the corresponding network capacity evolution.

enhanced coverage in standard cellular networks, and improve the capacity of the system.

As an example, Ericssons’ recent acquisition of BelAir is specifically aimed at upgrading its networks to heterogeneous deployments, offering ‘small cell’ wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) integration into traditional macro-base station (BS) coverage4.

Unfortunately, the increased frequency reuse introduces both inter- and intracell interference, which limits the achievable capacity of the network. To this extent, the conventional methods for capacity-improvement – enhanced spatial reuse and inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) – will be unable to support the growing demand for mobile communications. Therefore, a new, radio frequency (RF)-orthogonal communication medium is required to fill the ever-increasing capacity gap.

Li-Fi: Technology and vision VLC relies on the visible light (VL) spectrum for communications. VL is intrinsically safe and unregulated.

It can therefore be used freely for communications, significantly reducing the costs of acquiring extra spectrum for operators and even opening new markets for wireless communications. Indeed, VLC presents a viable alternative to traditional communication methods and may be used as a complement to current RF communications. Recent studies indicate that a substantial

portion (> 70 per cent) of wireless traffic originates indoors5. Light fidelity (Li-Fi), defined as the ‘networked, high-speed’ installation of VLC, is well suited to fill this function as: • Most indoor environments are illuminated • VL cannot penetrate solid objects • it can be easily directed through optics • it does not interfere with the existing wireless networks These characteristics permit very close spacing between Li-Fi nodes, therefore increasing the spatial reuse of resources, providing higher data density and resulting in increased network capacity. Indeed, the VL spectrum is 10,000 times larger than the entire RF spectrum (Fig 2).

In addition, in an attempt to reduce the carbon footprint of the information and communications

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technology (ICT) industry, there has been a research drive for more energy-efficient networks6. In this context, another advantage of Li-Fi systems is that the energy used for communications in VLC is essentially free due to the lighting requirement(s) of indoor spaces – in other words no extra energy is required for information transmission, with minimal additional power to drive the necessary circuitry.

In this context, the application of Li-Fi presents an opportunity for existing and emerging lighting companies to access the mobile communications market and benefit from the growing demand for wireless communications by creating a large ecosystem to complement the existing wireless systems.

The youth and novelty of VLC technology means that there are still some challenges requiring attention. On the technical side, these range from data transmission over existing and emerging power installations, bidirectionality, mobility and others. On the commercialisation side, standardisation and market establishment pose the biggest challenges for VLC companies.

Challenges 1: technical 1 Modulation techniques Early work in the field suggested on-off keying (OOK) and pulseposition modulation (PPM) as viable techniques. However, the bandwidth of the front-end elements and the optical channel is limited. This leads to the requirement for multi-level schemes such as unipolar pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) in order to achieve higher throughput.

As the communication speeds increase, the limited communication bandwidth leads to inter-symbol interference (ISI). Hence, a more sophisticated scheme such as orthogonal frequency division

Fig 2 The electromagnetic spectrum and the vast potential of unregulated and unused spectrum in the visible light part

Lighting Journal January 2014

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Visible light communication

multiplexing (OFDM) becomes the prime candidate for VLC. Conventional OFDM generates complex bipolar signals. This means that modifications have to be made before it becomes suitable for VLC. A commonly accepted method to generate a real-time domain OFDM signal is to impose Hermitian symmetry on the carriers in the frequency domain. The resulting waveform, however, is still bipolar and needs to be modified further.

A number of different techniques for the creation of unipolar signals exist. A straightforward approach is called direct-current-biased optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM). It involves the addition of a bias current to the bipolar signal, making it unipolar 7. However, the addition of the direct current (DC)-bias increases the power dissipation of the time domain signal significantly when compared to the bipolar case.

In order to avoid this DC bias, alternative techniques such as asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (ACO-OFDM) exploit the properties of the OFDM frame to generate a signal which does not need biasing.

In ACO-OFDM, only the odd subcarriers in the frequency domain are modulated, which leads to a symmetric time domain signal7. The symmetry allows negative values to simply be set to zero without affecting the encoded information as all distortion falls on the even subcarriers in the frequency domain.

Similar approaches that exploit different properties of the OFDM frame but effectively achieve the same result are: pulse-amplitude modulated discrete multitone modulation (PAMDMT), unipolar OFDM (U-OFDM) and flip-OFDM. Indeed, work8 shows that optical OFDM (O-OFDM) schemes have better spectral efficiency relative to other modulation techniques.

A modulation signal can be linearly encoded in the current which flows through an LED. The relationship between the current and the emitted light is not linear in three aspects (Fig 3). First, a minimum current is required for photon emission to occur. Second, light emission saturates after a certain current level. Third, the relationship between current and light output intensity is non-linear even within the range between minimum and maximum allowed current.

OFDM- based systems are particularly sensitive to the described

Lighting Journal January 2014

non-linear effects due to their high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR).

One approach to counter non-linearity is to operate the LED in a small range where its output characteristic is linear enough. However, the dispersive nature of non-coherent light and the resulting high path loss require the use of as much of the device active region as possible.

Another approach is to pre-distort the signal so that the output of the LED has the desired shape. Aside from the pre-distortion being specific to a particular luminaire, however, this approach is also constrained by the accuracy of the digital-to-analogue conversion and inconsistencies in the non-linearity of the LED output characteristic. Furthermore, the

Fig 3: Typical LED output characteristic

switching speed of the device depends on the current density, which could mean that a large portion of the active region might be unusable since the LED is too slow when operated in that current interval.

Currently, the question of combating non-linearity is one of the biggest challenges for VLC systems, and significant research is being dedicated to it.

2 Driver technology Many of the current standardisation efforts have focused on using constant current drivers. There are three main reasons to drive LEDs with constant current: • To avoid violating the absolute maximum current rating and compromising the reliability • To get predictable and matched luminous intensity and chromaticity from each LED • To optimise the energy efficiency of the driver circuit

Until now, the energy efficiency of the driving circuitry has been critical since it was merely a power converter stage. However, Li-Fi repurposes this technology to provide communications. As a consequence, to achieve the benefits of the latest developments in optical wireless modulation techniques, a variable current driver must be implemented.

Furthermore, as long as a variable current driver does not violate the absolute maximum current rating of the LED, then the LED reliability should not be compromised.

In addition, as long as the average current through the LEDs is maintained, then the perceptible luminous intensity and colour temperature should also remain unchanged. Nonetheless, qualifying the exact impact of O-OFDM modulation and a variable current driver on the lifespan of the LED chip and the energy efficiency optimisation of it are an open research area.

3 Backbone network A high-throughput backbone network is essential to facilitate the large data densities envisioned in a Li-Fi system9.

Along with data, however, this must also provide power to each Li-Fi AP to minimise the amount of cabling. To this extent, power over Ethernet (PoE) offers a promising solution. Ethernet offers 1 Gbit/s data rates and some non-standard PoE equipment provides up to 60W of power.

As time passes and the technology evolves, both the data and power delivery of the technology will improve.

In addition, power line communications (PLC) is also a viable alternative, but can undermine the inherent security of a Li-Fi network by disseminating information throughout the power grid.

4 Bidirectionality Finally, most demonstrations of VLC technology until now have focused on maximising the communication speed over a point-to-point, unidirectional channel2, 10. However, to realise the envisioned Li-Fi communication systems, the establishment of bidirectional communication is essential, in other words uplink transmission.

This is not straightforward, as employing the same VL band in both directions would result in large selfinterference at a transceiver due to crosstalk, unless physical separation of the photodiode (PD) and LED can

Visible light communication

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The UK’s first Li-Fi demonstration Li-Fi, developed by pureVLC, is currently being installed at the Business Academy Bexley. At this stage the installation is limited to one classroom and will be completed early this year. Using LED light fittings to broadcast high-speed data signals it enables internet access via light, improving download speeds and connectivity for students.

‘Each Li-Fi system would have up to 5 Mbps in the downlink and 5 Mbps in the uplink, which will allow for a more fair usage of the allocated bandwidth in the classroom,’ says Dr Nikola Serafimovski The lighting itself was part of an LED for Schools Programme delivered by Dartford-based 8point3 LED be incorporated. However, the use of infrared links to separate the channels in frequency has led to promising results.

Challenges 2: commercial infancy A number of sectors have been identified as standing to gain from VLC and Li-Fi technology.

These include security-conscious entities, electromagnetic sensitive environments, underwater communications, location-based services and many other exploitation areas (Fig 4, overleaf). However,

and contractor Mears. The LED systems, together with Lutron controls that include room occupancy and daylight sensors, will save 60 per cent of the energy consumed by the academy’s old lighting.

‘We are truly excited to unveil the first practical application of Li-Fi in any educational environment in the UK, or indeed the EU,’ said Prof Harald Haas, chief scientific officer of pureVLC, at the Sustainable Buildings, Sustainable Schools event to demonstrate the technology. ‘Not only does this technology leverage the existing benefits of LED lighting, but it also improves the internet connectivity available to each student.’

if VLC is to become widespread, a number of challenges relating to its commercialisation must be addressed.

In particular, the drive toward an industry standard and potential market penetration must be considered.

Some consideration has already been given to VLC standardisation.

Most notably, the IEEE 802.15.7 standard was established in 2009 for short-range optical wireless communications using visible light where the physical and protocol stack layers are specified with very high associated LED bandwidths.

The Visible Light Communications Consortium (VLCC) has also developed several standards, published by the Japanese electronics standards body. In addition, the Infrared Data Association (IrDA) has created standards for point-to-point short-range optical communications, with data rates from 1 Gbps.

However, none of these standards has been widely implemented, and their early establishment will detract from their usage by recently founded companies. The continued evolution of these and new standards must

Lighting Journal January 2014

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Visible light communication

Fig 4: Market and markets analysis: projected VLC market sizes and values over the next five years

look beyond the current technology.

Despite the need for standardisation, companies are actively working on commercialising VLC technology. The VLC market, and Li-Fi in particular, is projected to grow as LED lighting becomes more prolific and lighting companies seek to exploit the growing potential of an emerging technology.

Dr Nikola Serafimovski is director, product marketing, of pureVLC. Established in 2012, pureVLC (http://purevlc.co.uk/) is a spin-out from the University of Edinburgh, where its research into visible light communication has been in development since 2008 as part of the D-Light project

Conclusion With the novelty of this technology, together with the infancy of VLC and Li-Fi markets, the road to commercialisation of this technology will be both highly exciting and challenging. It will be important for companies to overcome the technical challenges facing VLC technology as well as identify the appropriate strategy to establish and succeed in emerging Li-Fi markets.

The collaboration with established communications companies, along with infrastructure providers in identified Li-Fi markets, is seen as essential in creating routes to market. Ultimately, the ubiquitous distribution of this technology will rely on establishing ecosystems with the appropriate partners who have the knowledge and ability to deliver the true advantages of Li-Fi.

REFERENCES 1 H Burchardt and H Haas, ‘Multicell cooperation: Evolution of coordination and cooperation in large-scale networks’, IEEE Wireless Communications, Vol 20, No 1, pp19-26, 2013.

2 ‘Visible Light Communication (VLC): A Potential Solution to the Global Wireless Spectrum Shortage’, GBI Research, Tech Rep, 2011: www. gbiresearch.com/ 3 D Lopez-Perez, I Guvenc, G de la Roche, M Kountouris, T Quek and J Zhang, ‘Enhanced intercell interference coordination challenges in heterogeneous networks’, IEEE Wireless Comms, Vol 18, No 3, pp22-30, June 2011.

4 Ericsson. (2012, April) Ericsson completes acquisition of BelAir Networks: www.ericsson.com/ news/1598985

Lighting Journal January 2014

V Chandrasekhar, J Andrews and A Gatherer, ‘Femtocell Networks: A Survey’, IEEE Comms Magazine, Vol 46, No 9, pp59-67, 2008.

6 G Auer, V Giannini, C Desset, I Godor, P Skillermark, M Olsson, M Imran, D Sabella, M Gonzalez, O Blume, and A Fehske, ‘How Much Energy is Needed to Run a Wireless Network?’ IEEE Wireless Comms, Vol 18, No 5, pp40-49, 2011.

7 J Armstrong and A Lowery, ‘Power Efficient Optical OFDM’, Electronics Letters, Vol 42, No 6, pp370-372, March 16, 2006.

8 S Dimitrov, S Sinanovic and H Haas, ‘Signal Shaping and Modulation for Optical Wireless Communication’, IEEE/OSA Journal on Lightwave Technology (IEEE/OSA JLT), Vol 30, No 9, pp1319-1328, May 2012.

9 I Stefan, H Burchardt and H Haas, ‘Area Spectral Efficiency Performance Comparison between VLC and RF Femtocell Networks’, in Proc of International Conference on Communications (ICC), Budapest, Hungary, June 2013, pp1-5.

10 Markets and Markets, ‘Visible Light Communication (VLC)/Li-Fi Technology and Free Space Optics (FSO) Market (2013–2018)’, Markets and Markets, Tech Rep, January 2013.

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Lighting Journal January 2014

22

Legislation

Changes to build on

A curate’s egg? John Gorse provides an in-depth analysis of Part L 2014 and the thinking behind it, while three other lighting experts give their verdicts

C

onsultation, consultation, consultation. The British are renowned worldwide for embracing the notion in government. With Approved Document L (ADL), or Part L of the Building Regulations as it’s better known, we find no exception.

In fact, during the course of the past 18 months, the consultation for the new Part L, just for lighting alone, involved many hours of granular and detailed discussion, between government (specifically DCLG) and its consulting advisors, and industry bodies. Reflecting on this now, it is quite timely to remind ourselves just why this was all necessary and what we had hoped to see as an outcome. It is also worth noting that said outcomes were originally planned for implementation last September but only now have we seen the final documents which will be implemented in April 2014.

The core principle of Part L, certainly where lighting is concerned, is to support the government’s aims for carbon reduction commitment and to help protect the future energy supply. This in itself should not necessarily mean difficulties for the lighting industry, already well used to dealing with sustainability legislation via ERP, (formerly EUP) and

Lighting Journal January 2014

RoHS, assuming that the document is constructed intuitively and with challenging but realistic targets for technology performance.

Indeed applying such an ‘ideal’, ‘intuitive’ and ‘considered’ approach should mean Building Regulations become the final piece in the jigsaw to ensure that building development and management industries design in the correct application and use of lighting systems, maximising efficiency and promoting a productive and healthy lit environment.

However, going into the consultation process back in January 2012, the lighting industry saw that its key challenge was to persuade government to approach building regulations for lighting in just that intuitive way. In other words to move from a wholly prescriptive and empirical technology-and-installationperformance-levels approach, majoring on lumens per watt, to methodologies that represented good lighting design and intelligent use of lighting for low energy consumption.

Indeed, up to 2010 the emphasis on increasing lumens per watt, if allowed to develop according to the roadmap proposed by government, could have resulted in a landscape where the only tool left to the lighting designer in buildings requiring sign-off by inspectors would be HF T5 bare battens supported only by rudimentary controls. It is no exaggeration to say that even as late as January 2012 many feared this was a genuine possibility for the future of lighting.

However, two fundamental changes have happened in the past two years.

First, LED lighting in both integrated luminaires and retrofit lamps has improved exponentially in all manner of performance, including the base line of lumens per watt.

Second, the consultation process, particularly in non-domestic

regulations, has embraced a more holistic approach to lighting. While this hardly means Part L represents a good lighting design textbook, it certainly allows for a much more intuitive application of lighting and measure of energy used through inclusion of the Lighting Energy Numeric Indicator, or Leni for short.

Very briefly, for those not necessarily too familiar with the background and history of Part L, its current day constitution has its background in the EU directive on the Energy Performance of Buildings for both Dwellings and Non-Dwellings (Domestic and Non-Domestic).

Considering 40 per cent of energy is taken by the building sector it is not unreasonable to assume that increasing building energy efficiency will reduce carbon dioxide emissions and help the EU to meet its Kyoto commitments. So far so good.

The EU directive was first published in January 2003 and its objective was ‘to promote the improvement of energy performance of buildings within the EU, taking into account outdoor climactic and local conditions, as well as indoor climate requirements and cost-effectiveness’.

To facilitate this in a way sympathetic to each region, the EU allows the directive to be interpreted by each individual country and, as such, it is implemented in England

by Part L of the Building Regulations.

Until 2011 the regulations covered Wales too but will in future be dictated by local Welsh authority following devolution of responsibility for Building Regulations in Wales to the Welsh Assembly.

Scottish Building Regulations are covered by the Technical Handbooks 0-7 and, for lighting specifically, Handbook 6. Northern Ireland also has a separate office for Building Regulations.

Legislation It is important to note therefore that in the main this article refers to Part L for England and one should be careful to check when referencing other articles and guidance materials that the information relates to the region of the UK relevant to your projects.

The regulations seek to ensure best practice is observed in the selection of energy efficiency measures in new and refurb projects, which undeniably is the right thing to do. The point about lighting, however, is that the industry has for many years been very focused on seeking ever more efficient ways of creating and

In other words, LED technology already presents a platform for lighting that represents one of the singularly most energy-efficient and sustainable electricity-using technologies available today. It has become a de facto state-of-the-art energy-efficient solution, negating the need for overly prescriptive legislation in pure efficiency terms. Again, it is more about encouraging adoption.

The other aspect to note, and this is where innovation can come into conflict with regulations, is that highbrightness LED technology has not yet plateaued in terms of increasing

Positive move: the table of efficiencies now comes with a much-expanded list of controls options

managing artificial light regardless of legislation. High-frequency fluorescent systems with triphosphor tubes have been available for 20 years.

Where legislation arguably has been lacking is in encouraging users, and particularly contractors and design and build contractors, to adopt these products sooner. It has been all too common right up to the past couple of years to see T12 battens with conventional gear still being installed.

Moreover, in the past decade the lighting industry has experienced an unprecedented period of invention, innovation and product development.

The majority of this has been in LED technology which has revolutionised the expectations of performance and energy savings that can be achieved from artificial lighting. LEDs have gone from being only suitable for coloured effects in architectural highlighting10 years ago to trials of higher-output replacements for 400W HID lamps.

its efficiency, with improvements coming all the time. This is something which arguably works against LEDs as legislators, not just for Part L but globally, can view lighting as one of the few areas of energy-using technologies that can still deliver significant efficiency improvements.

Undue emphasis on lighting’s contribution against other technologies can potentially be at the price of damaging the quality of the lit environment to achieve quantity of light. Expectation of improvement can also mean the bar is raised so high that, as already mentioned earlier, there has been concern that future light source and luminaire development could be stifled by the requirements outpacing the speed of innovation.

This is because the capability of LEDs, or in future OLEDs, to deliver on the technology requirements laid down in regulations may not

23

be commercially viable at the time the legislation is introduced. If this happens then it may not be possible to pursue a line of technology because it is ‘out legislated’ before it has reached its full potential.This very nearly happened with Domestic Part L in 2010 where the requirements for directional lamps were set so high as to almost exclude LED lamps from new build at that time.

Although LEDs have now more or less caught up with expectations of government for Part L 2014 in terms of performance, it always needs to be kept in mind what is and what is not possible technically when considering future amendments.

Conversely, consultation should also provide for review of all aspects of current legislation. I note with disappointment that Part L for England Domestic in 2014 will still contain a requirement for a 400lm package per energy-efficient light source used. As efficiencies have improved so manufacturers have tended to reduce wattages, but maintain lumen packages of directional lamps at around 350lm for a 5.5W to 7W GU10 lamp. These are the very directional lamps that are so popular in new domestic build.

Legislation that aims to reduce carbon emissions should be wary of encouraging selection of higher-wattage lamps to generate unnecessarily high lumen outputs and thus increase rather than decrease carbon consumption.

On the other hand a number of lamps on the market are now falling below the 5W threshold (thus out of scope for Part L) yet still deliver a sufficient lumen package to be used in fixed downlight applications.

The government announced recently that Part L 2014 will target improvements in energy efficiency of nine per cent for non-domestic buildings and six per cent for domestic buildings. Given that little else has changed for lighting requirements in domestic buildings and the target overall efficiency uplift is so modest, we can assume that lighting is seen, for now at least, as not needing to be challenged further in Domestic Part L. Government has a target of zero carbon homes in the Energy Bill for new build by 2016, but with such modest changes and targets for overall reduction in emissions – many of which will not be required until 2015 due to the fact projects approved before April 2014 can be built to 2010 standards for one year – zero carbon

Lighting Journal January 2014

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Legislation

by 2016 seem unlikely to be reached.

So if little is happening in Domestic Part L for lighting what then of the Non-Domestic?

The single most important aspect of the consultation for non-domestic for the lighting industry was for practical support of the fact that the greatest energy savings of all are realised from the way we change our working relationship with lighting.

I refer of course to the application of lighting controls. More than anything else the intelligent and considered application of good lighting controls from the simple presence and absence detector up to DMX-controlled, fully integrated building management systems will deliver on maximum energy savings and carbon reduction.

The Energy Bill refers to zero carbon non-domestic buildings by 2019, but with overall target efficiency dropping from the originally stated 20 per cent for 2013 (14) to just nine per cent for Part L 2014, then building efficiency needs all the help it can get.

In its representation to the DCLG and their nominated consultants, the lighting industry has worked hard to develop a more intuitive framework for the future of Part L of the Building Regulations where lighting controls are concerned.

The consultation served as the opportunity for industry to propose a methodology that will pave the way to a far more effective and flexible approach to building regulations in future. This is through Leni, which is now confirmed as included and is a major step forward as it promotes the intuitive use of controls, and promotes best practice in the use of lighting to minimise energy consumption. It is a methodology that reflects much more accurately how a space will be used and lit, based on kWh/sqm/year.

This is essential if we, as an industry, are to develop optimised energy efficiencies through lighting, while maintaining lit environments that promote health and wellbeing.

Calculating intelligent usage, promoting best practice and allowing users to find the best, lowest, measurable energy consumptions for themselves, means the subsequent positive effects on productivity, reduced days lost to ill health and general benefits from improved work spaces are not compromised by a blunt linear metric.

In other words, that which has been the threat posed by the roadmap for ‘technology performance’ as originally laid out in ‘progressive’

Lighting Journal January 2014

targets for the notional building calculations in SBEM (Simplified Building Energy Model). It is this which is at the heart of successful mid-term progression to greater efficiency, rather than progressing the base luminaire or light source technology requirements.

Some potential for confusion exists as either a table of luminaire efficiencies or the Leni metric can be used, but this is a great start and generally it is hoped that Leni will

With overall target efficiency dropping from the originally stated 20 per cent for 2013 (14) to just nine per cent for Part L 2014, then building efficiency needs all the help that it can get be adopted as the only metric in the subsequent update of Building Regulations in 2016.

Designers will be able to manage their own expectations of efficiency measured as an average per luminaire, per usage scenario, or by watts per square metre. This can be lighting in isolation or as part of a much more realistic full building calculation. This avoids any horror, T5-batten scenario resulting from lighting being restricted to pure technology demands.

Although the 2014 final version has increased the non-domestic requirement of performance from 55lm/cW to 60lm/cW, this is a very small uplift. Very positively, the table of efficiencies now comes with a muchexpanded list of controls options that encourage simple but effective optimisation of energy saving. Most lighting design programmes can calculate Leni so the apparently complex-looking formula should be no barrier to regular use and for it becoming the metric of choice.

Having said all this, we constantly break new ground as the pace of technology advances with many luminaires now pushing on past the 60lm/W level, yet still achieving unified glare rating (UGR) of 19 for office compliance. On the other hand, this

fact must not mean legislators step back from the new willingness to consider the effective use of lighting rather than prescribing performance.

Surprisingly, a value of 22lm/W is still admissible for display lighting.

While, for example, in Enhanced Capital Allowances (ECAs) the Energy Technology List (ETL) of September 2013 took the minimum requirement to 60lm/W for display, Part L has remained the same. It must be assumed that this partly allows for the post-introduction effects of DIM 2 – the European directive on lamp performance – to have relevance for a couple more years, with the realisation that most quality standard MR16 lamps have avoided a ban under ERP DIM 2 until at least 2016. It may also be more that two different government departments manage the respective projects. You decide.

Overall, it is hoped that, thanks to the results of the consultation process, Part L can now start to ensure that in future all solutions consider value for money, improved cost of ownership, effective reduction in carbon emissions and savings in energy. But also ensure that these values are delivered by lighting schemes that consider the health, wellbeing and, importantly, the subsequent productivity of the users of those schemes rather than just demanding more lumens output for every watt input.

In conclusion, LED technology – and soon OLEDs as a complementary technology – will continue to deliver improvements in performance and energy efficiency over the years to come. Taking a more holistic approach to lighting controls – factoring in refinements such as tunable white light, remote control and monitoring (smart apps), maintained illuminance (L100 through 50,000 hours, for example) and indeed better energy monitoring using smart meters and individual usage analysis – means that we can optimise energy savings, while delivering superbly lit, healthy and productive environments in a way never before considered possible.

It is also hoped that with this inexorable progress and rise of superefficient lighting and the welcome inclusion of Leni and change of approach by government – no matter how subtle – that consultation, consultation, consultation, if not for domestic, then at least for nondomestic has really been worthwhile.

John Gorse is technical marketing manager of Philips Lighting

Legislation

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Part L 2014: the verdicts Kevan Shaw, KSLD I am really glad to see that Part L will include Leni as a means of proving compliance. This is one of the only methods of assessing lighting energy use that takes fully into account that it is not what is connected but how much it is used that creates the actual energy used. The previous method of constantly requiring higher efficiency fittings has serious limitations.

The political requirement for each revision of Part L to ensure greater efficiency is outstripping the realities of lighting developments. Had this process continued we would, within one or two revisions, find ourselves restricted to using bare lamps to meet the luminaire efficiency targets. In reality, the most efficient light is one that is switched off when not required.

Leni takes this into account and, along with the higher allowances for lighting control, should drive lighting designers towards systems and schemes that are truly efficient in operation rather than just on paper.

Iain Macrae, head of Global Lighting Applications Management, Thorn Lighting As a professional it’s always great to be consulted about regulations that affect our industry.

This version of Part L seemed to have broken the mould, with lots of positive moves from the legislative team. But now it’s clear that the new Part L2 has emerged as some sort of half measure – it’s as if we are trying not to be too demanding or to change too much to be supportive of designers. On the one hand we are installing a new Leni-based calculation method, strengthening the true design and energy-saving potential of Part L. On the downside, the authors never found the power to hide away the tick box number for compliance, or to really change the SBEM (Simplified Building Energy Model) software to take account of Leni.

Why is this a problem? Well again we find ourselves pushing luminaire and lamp efficacy as the measures of a successful lighting design. The obvious first check for compliance in the guide is simply 60lm/cW, though even with full controls this is unlikely to get you SBEM compliance. There is nothing here about comfort or good design, just raw efficiency measures, and one we already know is misreported by many disreputable LED suppliers.

If you can and do use LENI, then the software doesn’t clearly support you. On the last consultation SBEM version it’s still the same entry methods and unclear how the software reaches its kWh/sqm/year figures. Saving money and not causing offence to white van man seems to have won the day. Yet again government wants professional and energy-saving lighting design, but seems afraid to acknowledge that such design is in fact a profession that deserves support and tools.

It’s not all bad. The target number is not ridiculous. Conventional fluorescent on good gear with great optics will satisfy the numbers, so it’s not just a focus on LEDs. Add lighting controls and you can see some benefit in compliance too.

But unfortunately it’s not where professional designers wanted to be. It doesn’t drive us that crucial step change from efficacy to use, from luminaire to controls. It leaves us just short, a few steps shy of our goal and too many tonnes short of our aim of carbon reduction.

Peter Raynham, senior lecturer lighting, Bartlett It is good to see the publication of Part L at last.It was due out in April but for various reasons has been delayed.Going through the bits about lighting it is hard to spot any changes from the draft we saw in 2012.

In Part L2A it is good to see that they have given us the basic criteria that are used to assess the energy used in the notional building against which the actual building has to be compared for its overall energy assessment. As expected, the criteria have reduced the notional energy consumption in two ways; first, luminaire efficacy has gone up to 60 luminaire lumens per circuit watt, second, the notional building now assumes occupancy controls are fitted.These two changes together reduce the amount of energy for lighting by around 20 per cent compared to the 2010 edition.

The Non-Domestic Building Services Compliance Guide contains an increase in the luminaire efficacy numbers but it does give a wide range of options for lighting controls.

There is also not the option to do a Leni calculation instead of observing strict luminaire efficacy limits.

As with all regulations, Part L will not make us all start designing energy-efficient lighting. However, it is hoped that it will stop people installing very inefficient lighting.It is clear that the bar has been raised a little bit since the 2010 edition but we still have a long way to go for truly efficient lighting.

Lighting Journal January 2014

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Obituary

Leading light

Jill Entwistle looks back on the career of Derek Phillips pioneer of independent lighting design in the UK

Derek Phillips FRIBA FCIBSE Honorary Fellow SLL MILP FIALD MArch BArch MCD February 1923-November 2013

I

t is sometimes easy to forget how young a profession lighting design is. While electric lighting has always been the subject of calculation and specification, it was only really in the 1980s that the UK began to witness the emergence of an independent profession that married the art and science of lighting into a new design discipline. But of course the man who had begun that process had preempted everyone by at least a couple of decades.

Trained as an architect, Derek Phillips began practising lighting design as far back as 1958 when he established Derek Phillips Associates.

The practice initially straddled both architecture and lighting until eventually it became DPA Lighting Consultants.

Phillips spent his early childhood in India where his father worked for the Imperial Bank of India. Educated at St Dunstan’s Prep School in Worthing and then Haileybury College in Hertfordshire, he was called up on his 19th birthday in February 1942 to report to HMS St Vincent in Gosport where he served in the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy during World War II. His passion for lighting took root following a scholarship to the United States. Having gained a first-class honours in architecture at Liverpool, Phillips was encouraged to apply for a Commonwealth Fund Fellowship to study daylighting and architecture at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

When arriving at MIT he discussed his aspiration to study the daylighting of cities with Professor Lawrence Anderson, who later became dean of the School of Architecture and Planning. He told him that they did not know anything about daylighting so he started a research programme on artificial lighting. During this time Phillips met Frank Lloyd Wright and Le Corbusier, both of whom discussed the importance of light in their work, further inspiring and encouraging him to focus his career in this field.

When he returned to the UK in 1954 positions in architecture were hard to come by, so he started work with the lighting manufacturer British

Mandarin Oriental Hotel Hong Kong 1963

Thompson Houston (BTH), where he spent four years. Towards the end of his time with BTH he was asked to design the lighting for the British Exhibition in the Tivoli Gardens, Copenhagen, but was restricted to only using BTH products, which Phillips found unacceptable.

It was at this point that he set up his own practice. Lighting consultancy as a professional discipline divorced from the commercial influences of supplying equipment was then unknown. He believed passionately in providing the best advice possible for his clients and the practice motto was a quotation from Glyndebourne founder John Christie, ‘not to be satisfied with the best you can do but to do the best that can be done’.

Phillips made great friends with US lighting designer Howard Brandston, a pioneer in his own country, who had a significant influence on his work. The two collaborated on a range of projects in Europe and the Middle East in the early days of the practice and they remained great friends throughout his life.

Phillips was also an author and educator. He wrote four books: Lighting in Architectural Design, Daylighting, Lighting HIstoric Buildings and The Lit Environment, some written after he retired in 1993 when he remained actively engaged with the lighting profession. He believed education to be extremely important and participated with numerous institutions and their activities.

He gave his time freely to lecture and help educate young designers, clients, other professionals and anyone who was interested and passionate about light in all forms.

He delivered the inaugural Waldram Lecture in 1990 and titled it City Lights, the influence of his time at MIT resonating throughout his career.

He was chairman of Hertfordshire Association of Architects, RIBA council member, president of the Illuminating Engineering Society and vice president of the IALD, of which he was made a fellow in 2001, receiving the highest honour of a

With collaborator and friend Howard Brandston

‘Derek Phillips was a true renaissance man, a pioneer figure in establishing lighting design as a profession. The long list and variety of the works to his credit give testimony to his many talents. The quality of his work was an inspiration. Derek was the consummate professional, a most modest gentleman. I had the good fortune of being a friend and occasional collaborator. It is hard to single out an example to illustrate the depth of his creativity but I would like to point my fellow designers to his book Lighting Historic Buildings. I had the honour of writing the foreword. His appreciation and understanding of heritage work brings into focus a far better way to consider the work we do today. It gives an insightful look at how people lived and created in years long past. It makes one wonder and inspires a more thoughtful focus on the work we are currently producing. A more brilliant career is hard to imagine’– Howard Brandston

Lifetime Achievement Award in 2009.

Phillips left his mark throughout the world. His work included the lighting of the SS Oriana in 1960, The Mandarin Oriental Hotel in Hong Kong in 1963, Westminster Abbey in 1965, historic monuments of Sri Lanka as a Unesco consultant in 1976, and the Durbar Court/Foreign Secretary’s Office and Locarno Suite at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, London, in the 1980s.

A keen sailor and a dog lover, Phillips put great value on his family.

He had been married to the sculptor Diana Hesketh since 1952 and had five children – Starkie, Adam, Rebecca, Jemima and Amelia.

Starkie died in 2002, and his wife and soulmate Diana died earlier in 2013.

He is survived by his four children and 12 grandchildren.

Hasbro European HQ, Stockley Park, London

‘I personally, everyone at DPA Lighting and in my opinion the whole lighting design community, have a huge debt of gratitude to Derek Phillips. He modestly and relentlessly went about promoting wellconsidered lighting, both natural and artificial, for students, architects and clients, and anyone who was interested in the subject. He gave up so much time to lecture without remuneration or publicity, and was the ultimate professional in my opinion and my lighting hero’ – Nick Hoggett, partner, DPA Lighting Consultants

City Plaza II Hong Kong

Awards 2828 Awards

Towering achievements

Lighting Journal January 2014

Awards

29

Both Japanese designed, both with an arborial theme and both for structures with big aspirations, the two lighting schemes that topped the 2013 IESNA awards Gardens by the Bay, Bay South, Marina Bay, Singapore Lighting design: Lighting Planners Associates Award: Distinction

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or such a small island nation Singapore likes to punch above its weight. The latest showboating project aimed at raising its global profile is the Gardens by the Bay, one of the largest garden projects of its kind in the world. Built on reclaimed land in Singapore’s new downtown at Marina Bay, the site will eventually total 101 hectares with three distinct gardens – Bay South, Bay East and Bay Central. The £500m 54-hectare Bay South Garden is the first and largest phase.

The key elements of the site are the Cooled Conservatories, two giant biomes designed by Wilkinson Eyre Architects – the Flower Dome (1.2 hectares) and the Cloud Forest Dome (0.8 hectares) – and the 18 triffid-like vertical garden structures known as the ‘supertrees’.

Designed Grant Associates, the supertrees range from 25m to 50m in height and feature tropical flowering climbers, epiphytes and ferns – around 163,000 plants of more than 200 species. There are 12 in the Supertree Grove and six in clusters of threes near Arrival Square and Dragonfly Lake.

The two 42m supertrees in the Supertree Grove are linked by a 128m-long aerial walkway, also designed by Grant, which allows visitors to view the gardens from a height of 22m. The 50m supertree has a treetop bistro, designed by Wilkinson Eyre, offering a panoramic view of the gardens and surrounding bay area.

As well as creating habitat and shaded spaces, some have photovoltaic cells to harvest solar energy, others include rainwater harvesting and are integrated with the Cooled Conservatories and energy centre to serve as air exhausts.

Impressive as the supertrees are it is the lighting that transforms them into spectacular structures at night. While the landscape and biomes are given a very natural, discreet treatment, the

scheme underlines the artificiality of the supertrees. Efficiency was a core objective of the lighting even with the more theatrical aspects.

A series of light fittings have been blended and programmed through a centralised DMX control system

Japanese lighting design consultant Lighting Planners Associates. ‘We favoured an approach that dramatises shadow and avoids excessive lighting.

Second, we wanted to gently engage visitors with interactive light. We also wanted to harmonise the light

to create a dynamic sound and light display. Among them are Griven Graphite 300 250W metal halide projectors positioned around the base of each structure to uplight the vertical planting displays. Martin Cyclo linear colour-changing fixtures above the vertical planting provide illumination to the membrane, and cycle slowly through different colour schemes over the course of a night.

The overall scheme is based on four main principles, according to

with the garden’s greenery, water and wind and, fourth, to create an environment that helps visitors feel the spirit of the living forest.’

Sensors, light modulation and programming technology capable of subtle changes in colour and intensity were important ingredients. ‘Light fixtures needed to be concealed and integrated within the architecture and the landscape as much as possible.

The light itself had to emphasise the concept and uniqueness of

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Awards

the landscape design,’ explains LPA. The lighting scheme also has a calculated hierarchy. The soft grazing light used for the ribs of the biome facades, for instance, is brighter towards the north side, with a gentler wash on the south side to avoid

for the pathway through the forest. Lighting is integrated into architectural landscape elements such as canopies, benches and handrails. Other pathways are generally lit with low-height bollard lights specially designed for the

Lighting suppliers: Conservatories Erco: Cylinder downlight, Optec spotlight, Tesis IP68 inground fitting Philips Color Kinetics: LED ColorBlast colour-changing fixture Griven: Acrobat FE 250 moving-head fixture HK Lighting: Area spotlight iGuzzini: Le Perroquet spotlight, Linealuce linear RGB LED fitting Martin Architectural: Exterior 200 programmable colour-change luminaire Roblon: Fibre optic end cap Wako: Custom-made column canopy WE-EF: FLC121, FLC131, FLC141 and FLB141 halogen spots; Rail66 exterior spotlight system Lumenpulse: Lumenbeam LBX RGB projector Luci: Flat Flex LED strip Main gardens Endo: Custom-made spotlight with various wattages (HID 20W to 150W) and mounting Wako: Custom-made bollard (five types) for primary pathways WE-EF: GTY200 bollard for secondary pathways Tokistar: Tapelight LED strip Luci: Flex series LED strip competing with the main garden lighting experience.

The biomes feature a soft lantern effect viewed from the outside with particular features highlighted inside to create a dramatic play of light and shadow. The large field of plants in the Mediterranean Flower Dome and the 35m mountain feature with waterfall (lit from below by Lumenpulse Lumenbeam LBX projectors) in the tropical Cloud Dome, are the main lit elements to catch the visitor’s eye.

Soft shades of colour, with varying levels of transparency, also greet people when they enter.

In the gardens themselves the effect is more natural. A simple moonlight effect, for example, is created by spots on 10m poles projecting light between branches

Supertrees Griven: Graphite 300 exterior fixture Martin Architectural: Linear T5 Cyclo Series colourwash fitting Griven: Micro-Clip compact exterior spot Philips Color Kinetics: iColor Flex LED colour-change strand

project. In most pathway areas, lighting loads are kept to less than 1W/sqm. Shadow projections are also used to add texture, with shapes derived from natural patterns such as aerial root structures.

Sources throughout are efficient – LED, fluorescent, metal halide – and energy is further reduced by judicious rather than blanket lighting.

‘We think entertaining the public with organic and eco-friendly lighting will be a crucial element of future lighting design,’ says Kaoru Mende, principal of LPA. ‘Even today, the excessive consumption of energy in the service of entertainment is no longer considered viable; a more friendly approach is essential from both a consumer and environmental perspective.’

Landscape architect and lead designer: Grant Associates Architect: Wilkinson Eyre Environmental design consultant: Atelier Ten Structural engineer: Atelier One Design of museum and visitor centre: Land Design Studio

Lighting Journal January 2014

Awards

I

t’s yet another exercise in who’s got the biggest, but the Tokyo Skytree is one of the more lyrical attempts with a subtly nuanced lighting scheme. Located in the city’s Sumida Ward, at 634m it is the world’s tallest self-supporting structure. It has two observatories, at 350m and 450m, as well as broadcasting facilities, retail outlets and restaurants.

The lighting, which also won an IALD Merit Award, has two key coloured elements, appearing alternately each night. ‘I wanted to wrap the new tower, which will be the symbol of Tokyo, with iki, meaning the spirit of the Japanese people, and miyabi, signifying the Japanese sense of beauty,’ says lighting designer Hirohito Totsune of Sirius.

The concept of iki translates into blue light which flows through the central shaft from the top of the tower to the bottom, inspired by the water of the Sumida River. The key colour of the miyabi element, Edo purple (edoArchitect and project management: Nikken Sekkei Interior design: Nikken Space Design Art direction and display: Nomura Super Craft Tree: Hashimoto Yukio Design Studio C

murasaki), lights the intricate steel frames of the structure. The LEDs used have specially mixed phosphors to achieve the exact shade. The purple is interspersed with glittering lights inspired by the gold-relief used in traditional Japanese lacquerware.

An additional element is the white light at the crown and on both sides of the observation decks, which gradates down in brightness from the apex. The concept was inspired by Mount Fuji and the idea of its retaining snow on its summit while the rest of its form gradually blends into the earth.

A ring of lights is installed on the upper perimeter of the observatory decks. These move at a constant speed to represent the connection between past and future.

The six types of LED light fixtures used, a total of just under 2000, were all supplied by Panasonic. The key fittings feature a specially developed parabolic reflector designed to achieve an extremely narrow beam angle – two-degree – precisely lighting to 140m without light spill. The LEDs are installed sideways to the reflector and positioned at an angle.

The company also supplied the control system. A 3D visualisation package was used to calculate light output and levels. Computer analysis was also used to assess fixture strength and heat-dissipation issues.

For full details of all the IES award winners go to: www.ies.org/pdf/ Awards/ia/2013-IlluminationAwards.pdf

Photography: Toshio Kaneko

Tokyo Skytree Lighting design: Sirius Lighting Office Award: Distinction

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Lighting Journal January 2014

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Awards

Prize lighters A pick of the product and project winners at the 2013 Lux Awards

The Lux Awards are rooted in retrofitting and recycling, and in honouring the clients as much as the lighting professionals responsible for their schemes. But as energy efficiency has to be a core objective of any lighting scheme, however important the aesthetic, so these awards also have time for the consummately executed lighting design. As the winner of the Office and Workplace category, Hoare Lea’s own offices in the Western Transit Shed, exemplifies (see Lighting Journal October) a successful lighting scheme involves rather more than computing how many lumens per watt will be saved by bunging in some LEDs.

Exterior Luminaire of the Year

Interior Luminaire of the Year

CU Phosco

Holophane

P850 LED luminaire

Judges were impressed by ‘the elegant design and efficient heat management’ of the P850 road lantern, which features aerodynamic vents – the company’s AeroFlow system – to accelerate heat dispersal. Featuring 4000K Luxeon LEDs, the G6 fitting ranges from 89W-302W depending on configuration, and output is between 10,600-31,700lm (up to 122lm/W). The fitting was used on the A55 trunk road in Gwynedd, Wales (see Lighting Journal November/December). www.cuphosco.com

Haloprism

Haloprism uses a radically different approach from other LED high bays, said the judges, with LEDs arranged in a ring behind a prismatic glass diffuser, with the driver in a ventilated chamber in the middle.

They were impressed by the innovative design and impressive output of up to 38,500lm. Available with four light distributions – focused, intensive, broad and extensive – the fitting has six lumen packages starting at 20,000lm. Colour temperature is 4000K with options of either 70CRI or 80CRI. www.holophane.co.uk

Hospitality and Leisure Project of the year Guildhall Crypts, London

DPA Lighting Consultants The Grade II crypts, now an events venue, are the largest medieval crypts in London, with the remains of an ancient roman amphitheatre located below the floor. The previous lighting installation, dating back to 1973, comprised three main elements: column-mounted tungsten sconces, T12 fluorescent lamps backlighting stained glass windows and tungsten halogen window reveal lighting. The new installation reused existing mounting locations and cabling; wherever additional lighting elements were added these could not be permanently fixed to avoid damaging the building fabric. LEDs are the predominant source, with

unlensed bespoke luminaires replacing the sconces to uplight the vaulted ceiling, and a single, medium-beam LED downlight accentuating the column. The fittings illuminating the stained glass windows were replaced by more T5 luminaires on local dimmers, allowing the brightness to be adjusted to suit each location. ‘A beautiful treatment of a beautiful space,’ said the judges www.dpalighting.com

Part of the Science Museum’s ‘Museum of the Future’ vision, its Exhibition Road stonework facade has been fully restored and cleaned with new lighting by DHA Science Museum, London Design. The scheme is an economical one, using two layers of LED sources, all DHA Design manufactured by Ecosense. Linear wall grazers are mounted on the edge of the first floor sill, located end to end between each of the stone columns. The precise 10 x 60-degree wash of warm white light reaches the full height of the columns, grazes the decorative ironwork of the window frames and goes on to evenly uplight the decorative cornice along the roof line. At the lower level, wide-beam LED floodlights gently wash on to the stone facade from behind the ground floor balustrade. The judges praised the scheme for its ‘simplicity and sympathy to the architecture’. www.dhadesigns.com

Outdoor Lighting Project of the Year

Lighting Journal January 2014

Awards Light Source Innovation of the Year In association with Anolis

Industrial and Transport Project of the Year: London Underground

WINNER Chromalit Linear Intematix

HIGHLY COMMENDED Regent Street, London Studio 29 HIGHLY COMMENDED Strand East Tower, London Hoare Lea Lighting

HIGHLY COMMENDED Composite Light Guide Design LED

Industrial and Transport Project of the Year In association with Luxonic

COMMENDED Hue Philips Lighting

WINNER London Underground Energy Automation Systems UK

Controls Innovation of the Year

HIGHLY COMMENDED Arla Foods, Aylesbury Eaton’s Cooper Lighting and Safety

In association with Eaton and Cooper WINNER: EyeNut

Interior Luminaire of the Year In association with Harvard Engineering

HIGHLY COMMENDED Lyreco, Telford Lyreco

HIGHLY COMMENDED Organic Response

WINNER Haloprism Holophane

COMMENDED Scott Safety, Skelmersdale MHA Lighting

COMMENDED:

HIGHLY COMMENDED Concord Glace Havells Sylvania

Hospitality and Leisure Project of the Year In association with ITAB Prolight

HIGHLY COMMENDED Lumination EL Series LED Linear GE Lighting

WINNER Guildhall Crypts, City of London DPA Lighting Design

COMMENDED Sola M10 Aurora

HIGHLY COMMENDED Iona Abbey Museum Kevan Shaw Lighting Design

HIGHLY COMMENDED Lumenbeam Grande Lumenpulse

Office and Workplace Project of the Year In association with Philips Technology

HIGHLY COMMENDED Sky Skills Studios, London David Atkinson Lighting Design

COMMENDED Coda Woodhouse

WINNER Western Transit Shed, London Hoare Lea Lighting

Harvard Engineering

Organic Response

LiteIP LiteIP

Exterior Luminaire of the Year In association with Philips Lumileds WINNER P850 LED CU Phosco

Office and Workplace Project of the Year: Hoare Lea Lighting for Western Transit Shed

HIGHLY COMMENDED The Crystal, London Arup, Osram HIGHLY COMMENDED Skype headquarters, London GIA Equation COMMENDED FC200, London Cundall Light4

The Lux Awards are presented by Lux in association with the Lighting Industry Association

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HIGHLY COMMENDED V&A Museum of Childhood, London DHA Design COMMENDED First Direct Arena, Leeds CP Northern, Philips Lighting

Lighting Designer of the Year In association with Projection Lighting WINNER Kevan Shaw Kevan Shaw Lighting Design

Outdoor Lighting Project of the Year In association with Osram

HIGHLY COMMENDED Andrew Bissell Cundall Light4

WINNER Science Museum, London DHA Design

HIGHLY COMMENDED Phil Caton PJC Light Studio

HIGHLY COMMENDED Durham World Heritage Site Stainton Lighting Design Services

HIGHLY COMMENDED Dominic Meyrick Hoare Lea Lighting

Lighting Journal January 2014

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Preview

Beneath the surface The 11th Surface Design Show kicks off with a preview evening hosted by RIBA Journal and featuring the first part of the Light School event, supported by the ILP. Organised

by Light Collective, it will feature a series of talks and demonstrations by 15 of the top UK lighting designers, plus Product School, an exhibition with a difference from lighting manufacturers.

Spectral Lighting Spectral’s profile system has been developed for made-tomeasure and bespoke LED luminaires. Turus features two channels of light creating a clever play on perspective.

The stylised Sinus is inspired by sinusoidal wave forms, producing a sculptural statement fitting. www.spectral-lighting.co.uk WILA Lighting Alphabet is an award-winning family of modular recessed LED downlights and spotlights.

The range features a variety of styles, dimensions and installation types. Also on show is Puck, a mini LED solution for handrails. Available with symmetrical and asymmetrical beam spread angles and a reflector that prevents glare, it can be mounted either centred or at angles on the underside of the handrail to illuminate staircases. Meanwhile the Ingenic LED is a customisable direct/indirect linear fitting. www.wila.com Applelec Applelec will be exhibiting LED Light Sheet, a clear sheet of acrylic etched with a uniform matrix and embedded with thermally managed LEDs. The etched matrix enables a bright, even light across the surface of the panel. Applelec makes the product in the UK to bespoke requirements and can be integrated into retail display and exhibition systems, signage, architectural and design features or used to illuminate decorative glass and other materials. It comes with a choice of warm white, cool white or RGB LEDs and with dimmable controllers. www.ledlightsheet.co.uk

Lighting Journal January 2014

A look at the full programme and some of the products on show at the debut of Light School at the Surface Design Show in February

Alphabet downlight

Turus

Light School at Surface Design Show Business Design Centre, Islington, London 4-6 February 2014 http://light-school.co.uk/ Sinus

Background image: Light Sheet

Tuesday 4 February 6pm-9pm Light School 6.30 Introduction (Light Collective) 6.45 Sun/Moon/Clouds: Aesthetics, Spirit, Culture (Mark Ridler, BDP Lighting) 7.45 Inspired by Light (Sally Storey, Lighting Design International) 8 Film: Light Shorts Wednesday 5 February 11am-9pm Tech School 11.15 Light and Surfaces (Douglas James, Mindseye) 12.15 Light Years (Iain Ruxton, Speirs and Major) 1.15 A practical LED workshop (Joe Vose, Make Some Lights) Design School 2.15 Design Process: developing a narrative (Mike Grubb, Mike Grubb Studio) 3.15 Creative Resourcefulness: how to do more with less (Paul Traynor, Light Bureau) 4.15 Lighting and the Health and Wellbeing of Older People (Carl Gardner, CSG Lighting Consultancy) 5.15 Light: the Superhero (Paul Nulty, Paul Nulty Lighting Design) 6.15 Wot I don’t no ’bout LEDs (Sam Neuman, Neuman Designs) 6.30-8 Pecha kucha Thursday 6 February 11am-5pm Media School 11.15 Media Facades and Objects: light with a hidden meaning? (Jonathon Hodges, Jason Bruges Studio) 12.15 Media and Light (Jeff Shaw, Arup Lighting) 1-2 Surface Design Awards Colour School 2.15 Light, Colour and Texture (Clementine Rodgers, Speirs and Major) 3.15 Richard Wheater, Neon Workshop

e u s s I y r a u r b e F r fo s e r u Feat Retrofitting LEDs:

Lawrence Baynham makes the case

Architectural Lighting – Not Yet Dead:

Philip Avery’s award-winning paper

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Future concept

Outside edge

From people-powered park illumination to radical approaches to daylight capture, the winning designs from the 2013 Socialight CLU Foundation Competition

First prize: Crowd Darkening Sabine De Schutter, What Would Harry Do The concept was devised by What Would Harry Do, a multi-disciplinary group of individuals who occasionally

light level,’ says Sabine De Schutter, co-founder of Berlin-based lighting design studio Jack Be Nimble and winner of the 2012 Young Lighter of the Year for her paper Shadow Designing Space.

generate energy through human activity. When people make contact with the park’s soil it produces an electric current, through kinetic energy. ‘Visitors to the park fuel their own illumination, making

team up to work on specific, usercentred design projects. Among their aims for the concept was ‘to make street lighting a tool that improves wellbeing’.

The illumination intensity and the height of the light sources corresponds to the time of day, the number of people in the park and their location. ‘When someone enters the park it activates a change in the

‘On the one hand, there is more illumination when there are fewer people, giving a greater feeling of security through optimum visibility of the surroundings. On the other hand, you need less light when you are with a group of friends. A low-level, cozy lighting creates a pleasant setting in which to socialise.’

The aim is to provide illumination where it is needed, but also to actually

public lighting more sustainable,’ says De Schutter.

The concept could be realised today, she adds. ‘We designed Crowd Darkening solely with technology that is already on the market. Our proposal minimises light pollution and energy usage. And we hope that this could persuade governments to look beyond the initial cost, and appreciate a social lighting scheme.

Lighting Journal January 2014

Future concept

37

Second prize: Light Fall David Sasaki The idea of Light Fall is to harvest, transport and distribute the light of the sun to urban inhabitants living within vertical concentrations,’ says Sasaki.

‘The primary motivation is to return the shadow-covered ground plane to a more humane condition by providing urban inhabitants with greater access to natural light – despite the seemingly unstoppable trend of vertical densification within urban centres. Greater access to light and (re)connecting the urban population to the rhythms of the sun will ultimately provide a healthier living environment.’

Light is harvested from the roofs of buildings and partially from the facades that receive direct sunlight (in other words the tallest of the highrises) and transferred to the inhabitants below. The principle uses the idea of bending or channelling light around buildings to allow them to defeat their own shadows.

Distribution points exist at various levels, not only delivering light to the public, but increasing access to sunlight for those who live/work in the constantly shaded facades of surrounding high buildings. ‘By channelling sunlight, this intervention

reduces the need for artificial illumination and energy consumption and returns the temporal qualities of the sun,’ says Sasaki.

He suggests that bending light can be accomplished by numerous existing materials and methods such as light pipes, fibre optics, flowing water, or as light travels from one medium to another. ‘The major hurdle is the transmission loss that occurs as the light travels through the light pipe

to its destination,’ says Sasaki. ‘This, of course, leads to other interesting questions and ideas such as light amplification and light storage.’

Sasaki has also been inspired by examples in nature: ‘The silica structure of the Venus Flower Basket acts to harvest ambient light from above and transport it to the ocean floor below, creating a dwelling place for seahorses – an example of light contributing to symbiotic relationships.’

Third prize: 10577 Rays in Helsinki Roque Pena Pidal Pidal’s concept focuses on light deprivation in far northern regions, with the specific example of Helsinki, and the resultant depression that populations there suffer. ‘My proposal concentrates light so that at the winter

solstice there is the same illuminance as the summer solstice. It creates uplifting, bright public spaces in the winter, bringing people together through the manipulation of light.’

Based on a heliostat principle, the scheme reflects and concentrates light to a focal space using 6838

parabolic-shaped forms which are strategically located over the adjacent surroundings with an area 20 times as big as the focal space. The 10,577 reflectors of the infrastructure, built in fibreglass with a mirror finish, rotate in one axis to direct the light under its 11600sqm canopy. Computerised control allows sunlight tracking.

‘It’s an ambitious project that wouldn’t be cheap but whose benefits for the inhabitants of Helsinki would be well worth it,’ says Pidal. ‘In my opinion it is very important to invest in public spaces in the cities.

The Fondation Concept Lumière Urbaine (CLU) was established

by Philips Lumec to encourage young designers to develop innovative lighting concepts for exterior public spaces. The competition began in 2004. www.lumec.com/company/ fondation_clu.html

Lighting Journal January 2014

Making ink come alive

For your design and print call Gary on 01536 527297

Recruitment

Drive Improvement on Our Roads Could your fresh thinking and technical expertise ensure our roads are used more efficiently?

Then come and help drive positive change in our Intelligent Transport Systems Group, which is using innovative technology to improve journeys and the environment.

Senior Advisor £37,430 - £42,952 Bristol Ref: DFT/669/13/HA You’ll manage the research, development and trial of new systems solutions, ensuring best value and most effective use of resources. The role calls for extensive engineering experience supported by a degree or equivalent, strong commercial acumen and excellent communication, stakeholder engagement and contract management skills.

Advisor £30,242 - £34,730 Bristol Ref: DFT/670/13/HA You’ll manage and support a wide range of exciting projects to deliver innovative traffic technology solutions to time, cost and quality targets. Your engineering experience in a relevant technical area will include proven ability to work in an innovative environment using PRINCE2 or a similar methodology.

Please ensure you complete the online application form correctly to be considered for these roles.

On 27 June 2013, the Government announced its intention to turn the Highways Agency into a publicly-owned corporation, 100 percent owned by government, together with a significant investment programme for the strategic road network. Further information is available on the Department for Transport website.

Amey PLC Street Lighting Engineer Qatar What is the purpose of this role?

The main purpose is to assist the Street Lighting Manager in the development of a first-class street lighting service, incorporating cyclic and reactive maintenance and delivery of associated scheme works, for the State of Qatar in accordance with best international practice. This will be achieved through the development and implementation of improved policies, processes and procedures.

What makes this role unique?

This is an exciting opportunity to join a specialist team of engineers tasked with delivering the Highways Network Management Contract for the Government Agency, Ashgal. This is a key project for Amey and will give the successful candidate the opportunity to deliver a robust training, mentoring and change management program to our major client.

Qualifications: • • • • •

Essential Experience • • • •

• • • • • • •

To find out more information about these posts and to apply online please visit http://www.civilservice.gov.uk/jobs/index.aspx, read guidance and search for Highways Agency jobs.

• •

Closing date: 22 January 2014.

• •

The Highways Agency is an equal opportunity employer.

HNC, HND or Degree in Electrical Engineering Member of the Institution of Lighting Professionals Incorporated Engineer or working towards ILP Lighting Diploma 17th Edition of IEE Wiring Regulations (BS7671)

• •

UK Local Government or Highway Authority street lighting client sectors.

Knowledge of the operation and maintenance of UK street lighting networks.

Project management.

Street lighting products in particular the deployment of LED lighting and Central Management Systems.

Street lighting asset management systems.

Compiling technical documents and contracts.

British and European Standards relating to street lighting.

Highway lighting and cable network design techniques.

AutoCAD and lighting design software applications.

QA standards.

Health and Safety legislation and CDM regulations.

Computer literate in Microsoft Office.

Excellent English verbal and written communication skills.

Coaching and mentoring.

Ability to produce reports and liaise effectively with colleagues and peers.

Self-motivated and proactive in solution delivery.

Full driving license

For more information or to apply please see the ILP website - www.theilp.org.uk

39

40...Vice presidents’ column 40

Footprints on the highway

Elizabeth Thomas, VP highways and infrastructure, looks at learning and leading

When I started my career as a local authority officer, I knew all about lighting design from my previous role as a lighting designer with WRTL, but very little about installation or maintenance. Looking back, during such times of uncertainty, the ILP has come to my rescue in the form of technical reports, presentations and case studies. It has also given me the opportunity to meet other officers.

I soon realised that the issues of highway officers across the country are comparable.

My involvement with the ILP started in 1996 through the Exterior Lighting Diploma course. Since then, I have supported the ILP as regional committee member, membership officer and as the first female chairman of the Midlands region. I upgraded my membership and achieved chartered engineer status through the ILP in 2006. I have been working in the

Lighting Journal January 2014

lighting industry for more than 30 years and currently work for Walsall MBC where I manage the public lighting PFI project, realigning policies and developing strategies while ensuring we are keeping up with the rapid advancement in technology, changing economic climate and visions.

My role as VP highways and infrastructure is to continue communicating, rewarding, protecting and encouraging all lighting professionals. I promote the ILP’s vision to become an open and collaborative organisation that works proactively with other lighting organisations, becoming a beacon for best practice within all parts of the lighting design profession.

We are busy all the time, having little time for anything other than the day-to-day tasks; our jobs are often at risk, employers find it more and more difficult to permit time off to attend technical meetings or pay for professional membership fees. These are some of the facts of life for a local authority officer. But there is a need to be trained. Support for decisions taken can be reinforced based on case studies and research carried out by other authorities. Networking within the region is also important.

Attending technical meetings provides the opportunity to meet and mix with fellow colleagues.

As a local authority street lighting officer, I find attending regional ILP events, service improvement groups, ADEPT, HEA, and contributing wherever possible and sharing experiences helps me to do my job effectively, making problem solving more constructive and positive.

Knowledge is power.

Local authority members make up 24 per cent of the total ILP membership. That is, indeed, a good proportion. The role of street lighting officers in local government is diminishing. Most local authorities are ‘working smarter’ and have adopted ‘agile working‘ which supposedly saves money. The principle is to

think work without a designated workplace or desk. This is the future.

This is change.

Change is evident in other areas.

As VP highways and infrastructure I created a workshop at the Professional Lighting Summit, for instance, to highlight the existence of Independent District Network Operators (IDNOs) and related issues with the host DNO (see Lighting Journal November/December).

Another hot topic is EMR (Electricity Market Reform.) This change in the law will become effective soon. This will drive energy costs up in order to fund the transition to low carbon generation. To local authorities this means finding the budget among all the cuts and saving targets.

The Lantern project requires positive participation from all local authorities. It aims to answer the important question of whether street lighting adaptations impact on crime and road traffic crash injuries. A request has been sent out to all regions to encourage involvement.

As the results would benefit highway officers, please could you find the time to respond to this important topic.

Also as part of the VP role, I have become a member of the Elexon user group. Charge codes for some of the sox and son lamps are being updated from 1 April 2014. Watch this space.

I would urge everyone to remember that competency is an allimportant part of being a member of a professional institution. We have a tendency to hide behind our work and moan when things do not go our way.

Things are changing in line with the present technological advancement.

We can contribute to shaping the future of our industry to meet the impending challenges only if we have a voice and are involved.

Communicating to our colleagues and following in the footsteps of those tried and tested theories help us to leave footprints that are secure and endorsed..* Embarking on unique projects will help leave footprints for others to follow.

42

Products

What’s new (at LuxLive) Microlights TUBI

Harvard Engineering EyeNut

A range of compact LED and CMH fittings, TUBI is available in semi-recessed (pictured), surface or track-mounted versions. All of them feature the company’s Retail Hot Spot reflector system across a range of lumen packages and colour temperatures. The LED version comes as a one, two or three-way fitting or as a track suspended option. The CMH model has medium and narrow optics and a selection of interchangeable reflectors (no tools required). www.microlights.com

Harvard Engineering is gunning for Dali with EyeNut, its new indoor wireless lighting control system. Winner of a Lux Award for the Controls Innovation of the Year, it is designed for both new and retrofit installation. Based on the same principle as LeafNut, the system allows 500 devices to be governed from one wireless gateway compared to Dali’s 64 per controller.

Operated through an intuitive graphic user interface (GUI) via laptops, tablets and so on, it will have particular application in retail and commercial environments, says Harvard.

Judges called EyeNut ‘a sophisticated system in an easy-to-install and use package’. www.harvardeng.com

AEC

Italo Series

Available in the UK through Kingfisher Lighting, a key feature of the Italo series is its protection against voltage spikes. In the case of the Class I fittings, protection up to 10kV. and from 5kV up to 9kV for the Class II luminaires. The Italo, for high traffic urban and suburban roads, comes in three sizes. The Italo 2 Urban, also available in three options, is designed for amenity lighting. Removeable LED modules allow for upgrading. www.kingfisherlighting.com

Lighting Journal January 2014

Products

43

Design LED Products Flexible LED light tile

Design LED’s patented tiles feature LEDs embedded into a thin, flexible transparent film with printed surface optics forming a lightweight, integrated and modular light engine.The pattern and form of the printed surface governs the illumination uniformity and beam angle control for lighting and backlighting requirements. The solution offers a high optical efficiency of around 90 per cent, says the company. The tiles can be produced in any shape or size up to 1m, offering up to 20,000 lm/sqm.

They provide single or double-sided illumination and, because the LEDs are distributed across the panel, there is no need for external thermal management. Colour temperature ranges from 3000K-7000K (CRI >85).

Single or mixed colour options are available, as well as a range of low voltage or constant current drive solutions. www.designledproducts.com

Aurora Luna CX

Tamlite

EUROWP-LED

An IP65 LED weatherproof, polycarbonate luminaire, the EUROWP-LED is suitable for general industrial areas and comes with stainless steel, easy-fit ceiling fixings as standard. Tamlite also introduced the HILUX-LED, the third generation of the HILUX range, designed for warehouses, sports halls and other high-ceilinged spaces. The company is now only using its Infinity mark on its premium range to distinguish those products from lower-priced options.. www.aura-light.co.uk

Luna CX tunable fittings allow colour temperature to change from 2700K to 6500K, using twochannel control, according to the time of day. The technology is available in Aurora’s m10 integrated fire-rated downlights, LED flat panels and high-output LED downlights which can connect up to 20 luminaires in parallel. gb.auroralighting.com

Lighting Journal January 2014

44

Independent lighting design

Emma Cogswell, IALD UK projects manager, on the very real benefits of the conference Conferences are dead; all we need is the internet and an avatar – discuss.

If I had been a conference organiser in 2000 I would have been worried.Technology had moved on so far, so fast, and appeared to be superseding such conventional forms of exchanging knowledge. The internet, although quite backward by today’s standards, was taking hold and I can remember quite clearly, on New Year’s Eve of the Millennium, the genuine worry that the ‘bug’ would kill everything. (As I recall, the mobile phone network did fall over on the stroke of midnight, but that was more to do with people sending group texts) New ways of connecting people have evolved. Skype and several variations have become commonplace.

My own personal favourite is the webinar, the love child of the internet and a seminar. I would have to say that, although the promise of a 24-hour superhighway of knowledge sounds sexy, in reality, speaking in chat boxes on a screen while you struggle to listen to what’s happening with the 12 other contributors in 10 countries is at best frustrating. There’s no time to formulate proper thought and everything is disconnected.

The answer? Have a conference.

In the past year I have probably been to 10 conferences and trade shows, not all lighting related, but they all do the same job.They allow people to speak with each other face-to-face.

This is most effective when working on a global platform, exchanging ideas and concepts which creatives understand but language barriers prevent. Looking someone in the face and interpreting their hand gestures is more engaging than any removed communication can deliver.

The IALD had its annual Enlighten conference in Montreal at the end of last year; I am biased, the quality of the speakers is unparalleled.

Great care and attention is paid to the themes and streaming of the talks, which are broken down into tracks: Art Track, Business Track and Professional Tools. The only problem,

Key lighting conferences and events 2014: 30 March-4 April Light and Building, Messe Frankfurt 24-25 September Professional Lighting Summit, Solihull 10-11 November Enlighten Europe, Berlin as is often the case with a dense programme, is that there are often two talks on at the same time and I can’t decide what to see.

This year’s keynote speaker was architect Michael Pawlyn, formerly of Grimshaw, who established Exploration in 2007 to specialise in biomimicry. His talk about how organic structure can be used in architecture, with references to a bug’s life, was inspiring and beautiful.

The next two days presented a chocolate box of talks, with no coffee creams. Charles Stone of Fisher Marantz Stone and IALD past president, was as inspiring as ever, divulging the secrets of how to light a space shuttle and then, on the second day, how to catch on camera ‘the green flash’ – the magical moment when the sun arrives or leaves, seen under favourable conditions.

Andreas Schulz of Licht Kunst Licht gave a great paper on the lighting of galleries and the related sensibilities, giving a European spin on design delivery and working on Victorian buildings.Tad Trylski, IALD associate, gave a very imaginative presentation on the misunderstood measures we use to specify LEDs, comparing the process to a game of Top Trumps.

The scale of some conferences and events can be overwhelming – the juggernaut that is Light and Building at Messe Frankfurt, for instance – but focusing on catching up with your contemporaries face-toface is a huge asset to your business; it can reap benefits that no Skype call can replicate.

Conference planners, you have nothing to fear – humans need humans, not avatars.

Consultants Steven Biggs IEng MILP

These pages give details of suitably qualified, individual members of the Institution of Lighting Professionals (ILP) who offer consultancy services.

Listing is included on main ILP website with logo (www.theilp.org.uk)

IEng MILP

Technical Lead for Lighting Design

Team Principals

Skanska Infrastructure Services

WSP

Dodson House, Fengate Peterborough PE1 5FS

Unit 9, The Chase, John Tate Road, Foxholes Business Park, Hertford SG13 7NN

T: +44 (0) 1733 453432 E: steven.biggs@skanska.co.uk W: www.skanska.co.uk Award winning professional multi-disciplinary lighting design consultants. Extensive experience in technical design and delivery across all areasof construction, including highways, public realm and architectural projects. Providing energy efficient design and solutions.

Lorraine Calcott IEng MILP MSLL MIoD It Does Ltd Milton Keynes Business Centre, Foxhunter Drive, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK14 6GD

T: 01908 698869 M: 07990 962692 E: Information@itdoes.co.uk W: www.itdoes.co.uk Professional award winning international lighting designer Lorraine Calcott creates dynamic original lighting schemes from a sustainable and energy management perspective. Helping you meet your energy targets, reduce bottom line cost and increase your ‘Green’ corporate image whilst still providing the wow factor with your interior, exterior or street lighting project.

Mark Chandler EngTech AMILP

MMA Lighting Consultancy Ltd 99 Old Bath Road, Summer Field House Charvil, Reading RG10 9QN

T: 0118 3215636, M: 07838 879 604, F: 0118 3215636 E: mark@mma-consultancy.co.uk W: www.mma-consultancy.co.uk MMA Lighting Consultancy is an independent company specialising in Exterior Lighting and Electrical Design work.

We are based in the South of England and operate on a national scale delivering street lighting and lighting design solutions.

John Conquest

MA BEng(Hons) CEng MIET MILP

T: 07825 843524 E: colin.fish@wspgroup.com W: www.wspgroup.com Professional services providing design and technical support for all applications of exterior lighting and power from architectural to sports, area and highways and associated infrastructure. Expert surveys and environmental impact assessments regarding the effect of lighting installations and their effect on the community.

Are you an individual member of the ILP? Do you offer lighting consultancy?

Make sure you are listed here Call Julie on 01536 527295 for details

BSc (Hons) CEng FILP MIMechE Designs for Lighting Ltd 17 City Business Centre, Hyde Street, Winchester SO23 7TA

T: 01962 855080 M: 07790 022414 E: alistair@designsforlighting.co.uk W: designsforlighting.co.uk Professional lighting design consultancy providing technical advice, design and management services for exterior and interior applications including highway, architectural, area, tunnel and commercial lighting.

Advisors on lighting and energy saving strategies, asset management, visual impact assessments and planning.

Stephen Halliday

Alan Jaques

Anthony Smith

Team Principals

Sector Leader – Exterior Lighting

Director

EngTech AMILP WSP

The Victoria,150-182 The Quays, Salford, Manchester M50 3SP

T: 0161 886 2532 E: stephen.halliday@wspgroup.com W: www.wspgroup.com Public and private sector professional services providing design, technical support, contract and policy development for all applications of exterior lighting and power from architectural to sports, area and highways. PFI technical advisor and certifier support. HERS registered site personnel.

Philip Hawtrey BTech IEng MILP MIET Technical Director

Mouchel Severn House, Lime Kiln Close, Stoke Gifford, Bristol, BS34 8SQ

T: 0117 9062300, F: 0117 9062301 M: 07789 501091 E: philip.hawtrey@mouchel.com W: www.mouchel.com Widely experienced professional technical consultancy services in exterior lighting and electrical installations, providing sustainable and innovative solutions, environmental assessments, ‘Invest to Save’ strategies, lighting policies, energy procurement, inventory management and technical support. PFI Technical Advisor, Designer and Independent Certifier.

IEng MILP Atkins

Broadgate House, Broadgate,Beeston, Nottingham, NG9 2HF

T: +44 (0)115 9574900 M: 07834 507070 F: +44 (0)115 9574901 E: alan.jaques@atkinsglobal.com The consultancy offers a professional exterior lighting service covering all aspects of the sector, including design, energy management, environmental impact assessments and the development of lighting strategies and policies. It also has an extensive track record for PFI projects and their indepedent certification.

Michael Leech BEng CEng MILP MIET Director

Mmas Partnership Limited Sunnyside, Main Road, Icklesham East Sussex TN36 4BS

T: 07450 928065 E: mick.leech@mmaspartnership.co.uk W: www.mmaspartnership.co.uk Mmas Partnership offer a flexible range of-service to our clients.We cover policy documents, feasibility studies,specifications, design, overseeing, commissioning and testing, site evaluations, asset management, energy management, project management, Technical advice, cable network design.

IEng FILP

Stainton Lighting Design Services Ltd Lighting & Electrical Consultants, Dukes Way, Teesside Industrial Estate, Thornaby Cleveland TS17 9LT

T: 01642 766114 F: 01642 765509 E: enquiries@staintonlds.co.uk Specialist in all forms of exterior lighting including; Motorway, Major & Minor Highway Schemes, Architectural Illumination of Buildings, Major Structures, Public Artworks, Amenity Area Lighting, Public Open Spaces, Car Parks, Sports Lighting, Asset Management, Reports, Plans, Strategies, EIA’s, Planning Assistance, Maintenance Management, Electrical Design and Communication Network Design.

Nick Smith IEng MILP

Nick Smith Associates Limited 36 Foxbrook Drive, Chesterfield, S40 3JR

T: 01246 229444 F: 01246 270465 E: nws@nicksmithassociates.com W: www.nicksmithassociates.com Specialist exterior lighting design Consultant.

Private or adoptable lighting and cable network design for highways, car parks, area lighting, lighting impact assessments, expert witness.

CPD accredited training in lighting design, Lighting Reality, AutoCAD and other bespoke lighting courses arranged on request.

Allan Howard

Tony Price

Alan Tulla

Technical Director (Lighting)

Capita

Alan Tulla Lighting

BEng(Hons) CEng FILP

4way Consulting Ltd

WSP

Fernbank House, Tytherington Business Park, Macclesfield, SK10 2XA.

WSP House, 70 Chancery Lane, London WC2A 1AF

T: 01625 348349 F: 01625 610923 M: 07526 419248 E: john.conquest@4wayconsulting.com W: www.4wayconsulting.com

T: 07827 306483 E: allan.howard@wspgroup.com W: www.wspgroup.com

4way Consulting provides exterior lighting and ITS consultancy and design services and specialises in the urban and inter-urban environment. Our services span the complete Project Life Cycle for both the Public and Private Sector (including PFI/DBFO).

Alistair Scott

Colin Fish

Professional exterior lighting and electrical services covering design, technical support, contract and policy development including expert advice regarding energy and carbon reduction strategies, lighting efficiency legislation, light nuisance and environmental impact investigations. Registered competent designers and HERS registered site personnel.

BSc (Hons) CEng MILP MSLL Capita House, Wood Street, East Grinstead, West Sussex RH19 1UU

T: 01342 327161 F: 01342 315927 E: tony.price@capita.co.uk W: www.capita.co.uk/infrastructure Chartered engineer leading a specialist lighting team within a multi-disciplinary environment. All aspects of exterior and public realm lighting, especially roads, tunnels, amenity and sports. Planning advice, environmental assessment, expert witness, design, technical advice, PFIs, independent certification.

IEng FILP FSLL

12 Minden Way, Winchester, Hampshire SO22 4DS

T: 01962 855720 M:0771 364 8786 E: alan@alantullalighting.com W: www.alantullalighting.com Architectural lighting for both interior and exterior. Specialising in public realm, landscaping and building facades. Site surveys and design verification of sports pitches, road lighting and offices. Visual impact assessments and reports for planning applications. Preparation of nightscape strategies for urban and rural environments.

CPDs and lighting training.

Neither Lighting Journal nor the ILP is responsible for any services supplied or agreements entered into as a result of this listing.

LIGHTING DIRECTORY ARCHITECTURAL LIGHTING

COLUMN INSPECTION & TESTING

CUT OUTS & ISOLATORS

ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION

Kiwa CMT Testing Non-destructive testing at the root, base, swaged joint and full visual inspection of steel lighting columns.

Techniques employed include the unique Relative Loss of Section meter and Swaged Joint Analyser in addition to the traditional Magnetic Particle inspection and Ultra Sonics where appropriate.

Unit 5 Prime Park Way Prime Enterprise Park Derby DE1 3QB Tel 01332 383333 Fax 01332 602607

CONTACT JULIE BLAND 01536 527297 BANNERS WIND RELEASING

cmtenquiries@kiwa.co.uk www.kiwa.co.uk

DECORATIVE & FESTIVE LIGHTING

MACLEAN ELECTRICAL LIGHTING DIVISION Meadowfield, Ponteland, Northumberland, NE20 9SD, England Tel: +44 (0)1661 860001 Fax: +44 (0)1661 860002 Email: info@tofco.co.uk www.tofco.co.uk Manufacturers and Suppliers of Street lighting and Traffic Equipment • Fuse Units • Switch Fuse Units • Feeder Pillars and Distribution Panels • The Load Conditioner Unit (Patent Pending) • Accessories Contact: Kevin Doherty Commercial Director kevindoherty@tofco.co.uk If you would like to switch to Tofco Technology contact us NOW!

7 Drum Mains Park, Orchardton, Cumbernauld, G68 9LD Tel: 01236 458000 Fax: 01236 860555 email: steve.odonnell@maclean.co.uk Web site: www.maclean.co.uk

LIGHTING COLUMNS

LUCY LIGHTING Lucy Zodion manufactures and supplies a complete range of Electrical/ Electronic products for Streetlighting: • Vizion CMS

Specialist in high quality decorative and festive lighting.

A full range of equipment is available for direct purchase or hire including unique firework lights, column motifs, cross road displays, festoon lighting and various tree lighting systems.

Our services range from supply only of materials, hire, design and or total management of schemes.

More information is available from: Head Office City Illuminations Ltd Griffin House, Ledson Road, Roundthorn Ind Est Manchester M23 9GP Tel: 0161 969 5767 Fax: 0161 945 8697 Email: dave@cityilluminations.co.uk

Business info: Specialist Stockist and Distributors of Road Lighting, Hazardous Area, Industrial/ Commercial/ Decorative lighting.

We also provide custom-built distribution panels, interior and exterior lighting design using CAD.

METER ADMINISTRATION

• Feeder Pillars • Pre-Wired Pillars • Photocells • Cutouts/Isolators

Meter Administrator

• Electronic Ballasts

Power Data Associates Ltd are the leading meter administrator in Great Britain. We achieve accurate energy calculations assuring you of a cost effective quality service. Offering independent consultancy advice to ensure correct inventory coding, unmetered energy forecasting and impact of market developments.

• Cutouts/isolators • Lighting Controls Lucy Zodion Ltd, Station Road, Sowerby Bridge, HX6 3AF tel: 01422 317337 Email: sales@lucyzodion.co.uk

www.lucyzodion.com

01525 862690 info@PowerDataAssociates.com www.PowerDataAssociates.com Wrest Park, Silsoe, Beds MK45 4HR

EXTERIOR LIGHTING Designers and manufacturers of street and amenity lighting.

CONTACT JULIE BLAND 01536 527297

319 Long Acre Nechells Birmingham UK B7 5JT t: +44(0)121 678 6700 f: +44(0)121 678 6701 e: sales@candela.co.uk

candela L I G H T

LIGHTING CONTACT JULIE BLAND 01536 527297

CONTACT JULIE BLAND 01536 527297 LIGHTING CONTROLS

LUCY LIGHTING Lucy Zodion manufactures and supplies a complete range of Electrical/Electronic products for Streetlighting: • Vizion CMS • Feeder Pillars • Pre-Wired Pillars • Photocells • Cutouts/Isolators • Electronic Ballasts • Cutouts/isolators • Lighting Controls Lucy Zodion Ltd, Station Road, Sowerby Bridge, HX6 3AF tel: 01422 317337 Email: sales@lucyzodion.co.uk www.lucyzodion.com

SHATTER RESISTANT LAMP COVERS

Holscot Fluoroplastics Ltd Fluorosafe shatter resistant covers – Manufactured from high molecular weight Fluoroplastic material whose lifespan exceeds all maximum quoted lifespans for any fluorescent Lamps.

Holscot supply complete covered lamps or sleeves only for self fitting.

LIGHT MEASURING EQUIPMENT

TRAINING SERVICES

CPD Accredited Training • AutoCAD (basic or advanced) • Lighting Reality • AutoluxLighting Standards • Lighting Design Techniques • Light Pollution • Tailored Courses please ring Venues by arrangement

HAGNER PHOTOMETRIC INSTRUMENTS LTD Suppliers of a wide range of quality light measuring and photometric equipment.

HAGNER PHOTOMETRIC INSTRUMENTS LTD PO Box 210 Havant, PO9 9BT Tel: 07900 571022 E-mail: enquiries@ hagnerlightmeters.com www.hagnerlightmeters.com

CONTACT JULIE BLAND 01536 527297

Contact Nick Smith Alma Park Road, Alma Park Industrial Estate, Grantham, Lincs, NG31 9SE Contact: Martin Daff, Sales Director Tel: 01476 574771 Fax: 01476 563542 Email: martin@holscot.com www.holscot.com

Nick Smith Associates Ltd 36 Foxbrook Drive, Chesterfield, S40 3JR t: 01246 229 444 f: 01246 270 465 e : mail@nicksmithassociates.com w: www.nicksmithassociates.com

Diary 2014 30

11

20

SLL Masterclass: Quality Up Energy Down Venue: At-Bristol, Bristol www.sll.org.uk

Fundamental Lighting Course (One-day course on basics of light, lighting design and maintenance) Venue: ILP, Regent House, Rugby ILP member: £195 + VAT Non-member: £340 + VAT Contact: jess@theilp.org.uk

Lighting Design Awards Venue: London Hilton, Park Lane www.lightingawards.com

January

4-6

February

Light School at Surface Design Show (Supported by the ILP) Venue: Business Design Centre, Islington, London N1 http://light-school.co.uk/

18

February

Trotter Paterson Lecture Vision Impossible Speaker: Sir Colin Blakemore Venue: Bishopsgate Institute, London EC2 Time: 5.30-9pm Free, but registration necessary www.sll.org.uk

19

February

How to Specify Office Lighting Mid Career College Venue: CIBSE, London SW1 www.cibsetraining.co.uk/mcc

23-26

February

LED China 2014 (Partnered by the ILP) Venue: China Import and Export Fair Pazhou Complex, Area B, Guangzhou www.ledchina-gz.com/

25-27

February

Strategies in Light Exhibition and conference Venue: Santa Clara Convention Center, Santa Clara, California www.strategiesinlight.com

27

February

March

13

March

Fundamental Lighting Electrical Course (One-day course on basic electrical practices and principles for outdoor lighting schemes and other electrical street furniture Venue: ILP, Regent House, Rugby Prices as above Contact: jess@theilp.org.uk

13

March

Lighting and Energy Efficiency Mid Career College Venue: CIBSE, London SW1 www.cibsetraining.co.uk/mcc

18

March

New British Standard for Lighting BS5489 Venue: ILP, Regent House, Rugby Prices as above Contact: jo@theilp.org.uk

18

March

Lighting Legislation (including daylight) Mid Career College Venue: CIBSE, London SW12 www.cibsetraining.co.uk/mcc

18

March

Ready Steady Light Venue: Rose Bruford College, Sidcup, Kent www.sll.org.uk

SLL Masterclass: Quality Up Energy Down Venue: Leeds Art Gallery, Leeds www.sll.org.uk

19

4-6

Fundamental LED Course (One-day course on the technology, the benefits and how to apply them) Venue: ILP, Regent House, Rugby Prices as above Contact: jo@theilp.org.uk

March

Ecobuild (including ILP Lightscene) Venue: ExCel, London E16 www.ecobuild.co.uk

March

4-6 February: Light School at Surface Design Show

March

27

March

SLL Masterclass: Quality Up Energy Down Venue: Queen’s University, Belfast www.sll.org.uk

30

March (-4 April)

Light and Building 2014 Venue: Messe Frankfurt www.light-building.messefrankfurt.com

30

April

SLL Masterclass: Quality Up Energy Down Venue: Royal Concert Halls, Glasgow www.sll.org.uk

7-9 May

Light in the City Location: Tatu, Estonia www.valonkaupunki.jyvaskyla.fi/ english/projects/lic/activities/tartu

22

May

SLL Masterclass: Quality Up Energy Down Venue: RIBA, London W1 www.sll.org.uk

9-12 June

Guangzhou International Lighting Exhibition Venue: China Import and Export Fair Complex, Guangzhou www.light.messefrankfurt.com.cn

3-5

September

Shanghai International Lighting Fair Venue: Shanghai New International Expo Centre www.light.messefrankfurt.com.cn

24-25

September

ILP Professional Lighting Summit Venue: St John’s Hotel, Solihull jess@theilp.org.uk

Full details of all regional events can be found at: www.theilp.org.uk/events/

LIGHTING

JOURNAL

The Journal is read by key decision makers and specifiers in lighting. Make sure your products and services reach them in 2014.

Contact Julie for information on rates and features 01536 527297 julie@matrixprint.com

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2014

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