Light Lines January/ February 22

The Society of Light and Lighting

LIGHT LINES

VOLUME 15 ISSUE 1 JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2022

DRAMATIC HIGHLIGHTS Ready Steady Light returns

STREET SMART Planning urban futures

Editorial

January/February 2022

FROM THE EDITOR SECRETARY Brendan Keely FSLL bkeely@cibse.org SLL COMMUNICATIONS MANAGER Juliet Rennie Tel: 020 8772 3685 jrennie@cibse.org EDITOR Jill Entwistle jillentwistle@yahoo.com COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE: Eliot Horsman MSLL (chair) James Buck Iain Carlile FSLL Jill Entwistle Chris Fordham MSLL Rebecca Hodge Stewart Langdown FSLL Luke Locke-Wheaton Rory Marples MSLL Linda Salamoun MSLL All contributions are the responsibility of the author, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the society. All contributions are personal, except where attributed to an organisation represented by the author.

COPY DATE FOR LL2 2022 IS 7 JANUARY PUBLISHED BY The Society of Light and Lighting 222 Balham High Road London SW12 9BS www.sll.org.uk ISSN 2632-2838 © 2022 THE SOCIETY OF LIGHT AND LIGHTING The Society of Light and Lighting is part of the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers, 222 Balham High Road, London SW12 9BS. Charity registration no 278104

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According to the European Commission, and they seem as a good a source for a definition as anyone, 'A smart city is a place where traditional networks and services are made more efficient with the use of digital solutions for the benefit of its inhabitants and business'.

A smart city means better resource use and less emissions, it says: smarter transport networks, upgraded water supply and wastedisposal, more efficient lighting and heating in buildings, a more interactive, responsive city administration and safer public spaces.

No mention of rainbows and unicorns but it's pretty clear that the EC, and just about everyone, equates technology with urban utopias. There are questioning voices though. 'Why do smart cities offer only improvement?' asks architect Rem Koolhaas. 'Where is the possibility of transgression?'

Lighting is an important element in the smart city for all sorts of reasons. It is an energy user

and has environmental impact; it is a conduit for data, and not just about illumination status; its infrastructure can be used for other purposes such as surveillance or electric car charging.

The pros and cons of the smart city are too complex to delve into here but an encouraging aspect of a new document published by LUCI (Smart thinking, p9) is also to ask cities to reflect on whether it is a good idea. 'While smart lighting is often the right choice for many cities, it might not be so for others today,' says Mark Burton-Page, general director of LUCI. 'Every city is different.' At least a pause for thought.

JILL ENTWISTLE JILLENTWISTLE @YAHOO.COM

CURRENT SLL LIGHTING GUIDES SLL Lighting Guide 0: Introduction to Light and Lighting (2017) SLL Lighting Guide 1: The Industrial Environment (2018) SLL Lighting Guide 2: Lighting for Healthcare Premises (2019) SLL Lighting Guide 4: Sports (2006) SLL Lighting Guide 5: Lighting for Education (2011) SLL Lighting Guide 6: The Exterior Environment (2016) SLL Lighting Guide 7: Office Lighting (2015) SLL Lighting Guide 8: Lighting for Museums and Galleries (2021) SLL Lighting Guide 9: Lighting for Communal Residential Buildings (2013) SLL Lighting Guide 10: Daylighting – a guide for designers (2014) SLL Lighting Guide 11: Surface Reflectance and Colour (2001) SLL Lighting Guide 12: Emergency Lighting Design Guide (2015) SLL Lighting Guide 13: Places of Worship (2018) SLL Lighting Guide 14: Control of Electric Lighting (2016) SLL Lighting Guide 15: Transport Buildings (2017) SLL Lighting Guide 16: Lighting for Stairs (2017) SLL Lighting Guide 17: Lighting for Retail Premises (2018) SLL Lighting Guide 18: Lighting for Licensed Premises (2018) SLL Lighting Guide 19: Lighting for Extreme Conditions (2019) SLL Lighting Guide 20: Lighting and Facilities Management (2020) SLL Lighting Guide 21: Protecting the Night-time Environment (2021) Guide to Limiting Obtrusive Light (2012) Code for Lighting (2012) Commissioning Code L (2018) SLL Lighting Handbook (2018) CIBSE TM66: Creating a Circular Economy in the Lighting Industry (2021)

sll.org.uk

Secretary’s column/Contents

January/February 2022

Contents

FROM THE SECRETARY

Twitter: @sll100

• For previously recorded CPD

webinars (including regional webinars), go to: www.cibse.org/society-oflight-and-lighting-sll/sllevents/pastpresentations • For details of all upcoming webinars, go to: www.cibse.org/society-oflightand-lighting-sll/sll-events/ upcoming-webinars-andonline-content • To download SLL Lighting Guides: www.cibse.org/society-oflight-and-lighting-sll/sllpublications-and-guidance

hope to launch the new Code for Lighting, as well as LG9: Lighting for Communal Residential Buildings and LG12: Emergency Lighting. We also plan to bring you webinars from the authors of the publications, who are truly authoritative on their subjects having dedicated a huge amount of time to the research and preparation of the individual guides.

We trust you have enjoyed the new SLL In Conversation series which began in October with SLL president Dr Ruth Kelly Waskett, FSLL, senior associate at Hoare Lea, and Florence Lam, FSLL, global lighting design director for Arup, discussing light, health and human-centric lighting.

The aim of this series, produced in association with Signify, is to engage the lighting community and beyond in discussion about the work and challenges that face the industry. We want to showcase some of the excellent people, initiatives, research and innovative approaches which are informing the direction of change, in the face of political, economic, and environmental uncertainty. The series continues this year, and all existing and future events can be found on the website.

Finally, as we went to press, we heard the sad news of the death of past president and member of the LR&T editorial board Dr Robert Bean. We will be publishing a tribute in the next issue.

BRENDAN KEELY BKEELY @CIBSE.ORG

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EDITORIAL

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SECRETARY'S COLUMN

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NEWS

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CLASS ACT SLL's Ready Steady Light makes a long-awaited comeback

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SMART THINKING Mark Burton-Page, general director of LUCI, outlines a white paper designed to help cities form their vision on smart lighting

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QUALIFIED SUCCESS Sacha Abizadeh, UK head of creative lighting at WSP, on why he opted to gain CEng status through the alternative CIBSE route

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ILLUMINATING INSIGHTS John O’Hagan, chair of CIE-UK, reports on CIE's latest activities and publications

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SENSE OF RHYTHM Iain Carlile looks at two of the latest LR&T papers, both investigating circadian effects in real world situations

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EVENTS

COVER: The Peer Prize-winning scheme

by MS Lighting Design at Ready Steady Light last October

@Schlenkercreatives

We welcome you back after the Christmas and New Year break and hope you had an enjoyable and restful time. The society picks up where it left off in December and intends to bring you more high-quality, educational and informative webinars over the next 12 months. As a benefit of membership there will be many SLL online events that you will not have to pay to attend.

Over the course of 2021, the society offered more than 30 webinars with over 6000 people registering from around the world and over 3200 live attendees. Included in this varied programme of CPD events was an online panel discussion with members of the second International Workshop on Circadian and Neurophysical Photometry. They provided an update on practical recommendations for melanopic lighting design, a topic which clearly attracte d a lot of interest as the webinar was extremely well attended. Additionally, the society’s webinar on managing daylight and sunlight in buildings had more than 500 registrants.

CPD webinars enabled the society to continue to share knowledge and education in light and lighting to a worldwide audience, with topics including the circular economy, lighting for healthcare environments, lighting controls, BIM for lighting, and lighting and the WELL Building Standard. Recordings of all the webinars are available to view via the website (see box).

We all really enjoyed being face-to-face with the teams at Ready Steady Light at Rose Bruford College (see p5). Thanks to everyone who took part and a special thanks to the judges. We also felt the change of timing was a successful move, hosting the event in the autumn rather than at the beginning of the year, and we plan to repeat that, holding the 2022 event in October before the clocks go back.

On membership matters, we would like to thank all those who have already renewed their membership for 2022. If anyone wishes to contact me to discuss any membership issues I am available.

We are aiming to see you face-to-face at regional events this year. We will be out and about supporting the brilliant SLL regional lighting representatives at their events, and will be available to discuss your membership and answer any of your questions in person.

We hope you are making use of the several guides that have been produced in the past few months, including LG8: Museums and Art Galleries, LG21: Protecting the Night-time Environment, and CIBSE TM66: Creating a Circular Economy in the Lighting Industry.

This year we have more publications lined up and

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News

January/February 2022

THE LATEST NEWS AND STORIES

LRC CREATES 3D PRINTED WALL

DAYLIGHT SPECTRUM LEDS HELP LEARNING, SAY RESEARCHERS A US research team has found that exposure to short-wavelength enriched light with daylight-like spectrum improves key components of learning such as working memory, cognitive processing speed and testing accuracy.

The clinical trial at the Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, a teaching affiliate of Harvard Medical School, was headed by Dr Shadab Rahman and began in 2019. The LEDs involved were SunLike by Seoul Semiconductor, which reproduce the natural sunlight spectrum curve, in other words the intensity of light for each wavelength of red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple.

'Even if the colour temperature and brightness are the same, light with different spectra may affect non-visual responses to light exposure, including those of circadian rhythms and cognition, differently,' said Dr Rahman. 'In this experiment, we found improvement in working memory, cognitive processing speed, procedural learning, and testing accuracy with young adults under daylight-like light spectrum lighting compared to conventional-LED spectrum lighting.'

• Prof Christian Cajochen and his team at the University of Basel in Switzerland used the same LEDs in their sleep study. Their paper, Effect of Daylight LED on Visual Comfort, Melatonin, Mood, Waking Performance, and Sleep, was published in Lighting Research and Technology in March 2019.

CIE CONFERENCE AND ASSEMBLY Light for Life: Living with Light was the theme of the CIE (Commission Internationale de l´Éclairage) 2021 virtual mid-term meeting and conference, organised by CIE Malaysia and held at the end of September. The national committees of the CIE also came together as the General Assembly. CIE-UK was represented by Prof Steve Fotios of Sheffield University, supported by Stuart Mucklejohn, project manager at Ceravision.

Among other business, Dr Jennifer Veitch (Canada), currently CIE vice-president technical, was appointed president-elect, taking up the role of president at the end of the quadrennial session in Slovenia in September 2023.

Light vehicles, but not as we know them.

Researchers from Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have created microscopic vehicles (10 micrometres wide and 1 micrometre thick) that are mechanically propelled and guided using nothing but light.

The vehicles are tiny particles coated with a metasurface, ultra-thin arrangements of carefully designed and ordered nanoparticles, tailored to direct light in interesting and unusual ways.

By adjusting the intensity and polarisation of a loosely focused laser light source (to direct a plane wave) they can move the 'metavehicles', placed in the bottom of a water dish,

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controlling them in a variety of complex and precise manoeuvres. They can even use them to transport other objects, such as a dust or yeast particle.

Eventually the technology may be used in applications such as moving micro-particles through solutions inside of or adjacent to cells. www.chalmers.se/en/departments/physics/ news/Pages/Microscopic-metavehiclespowered-by-nothing-but-light-.aspx

The 3D printing for lighting research programme at Rensselaer’s Lighting Research Center (LRC) in New York has created a prototype of a 3D-printed interior wall with integral luminaire for building construction.

The wall was printed at the LRC laboratory with functional and decorative features, including the mechanisms required for lighting. The aim is to create a cohesive, whole-system interior architecture that integrates electrical, mechanical and thermal components.

Using 3D-printed walls allows custom lighting to be incorporated from the start rather than added-on at the end, said LRC director of research Dr Nadarajah Narendran. Because 3D-printed products are created through CAD models, wall designs can be easily modified to meet different codes, standards and aesthetic requirements.

In 2019 the LRC established the Assist 3D Printing for Lighting Consortium, an alliance of lighting and 3D printer and material manufacturers. Collaboration was key to gaining broad adoption of 3D-printed lighting and interiors, said Dr Narendran. However, 'more work is needed to advance 3D printing technologies to meet lighting industry requirements,' he added. www.lrc.rpi.edu/programs/ solidstate/3DPrinting.asp

sll.org.uk

Events

January/February 2022

CLASS ACT SLL's Ready Steady Light competition has staged a long-awaited return

Images courtesy of Schlenkercreatives except where individually credited

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Twitter: @sll100

espite the Covid-induced hiatus, enthusiasm for the SLL's Ready Steady Light was clearly as strong as ever with no less than 15 teams taking part when it returned last October.

Three separate winners emerged: Michael Grubb Studio won the Technical Award, Franklite got the Artistic Award, while the Peer Prize went to MS Lighting Design.

Arup, Foster + Partners, Hoare Lea and CBG Consulting were among the companies, design practices, manufacturers and educational institutions which fielded teams in the event, as usual co-organised and hosted by Rose Bruford College of Theatre and Performance in Sidcup, Kent.

The traditional brief remained unchanged: given a random location in the college grounds, each team had just three hours to create an exterior lighting installation, using just six light fittings.

This year's judges were Martin Lupton and Sharon Stammers of Light Collective, who were responsible for the Artistic

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Events

Award, and Mark Ayers, specification manager (UK and EMEA) at LPA Lighting Partners, and Ben Ratcliffe, lecturer at Rose Bruford, who judged the Technical Award.

Artistic judges Sharon Stammers and Martin Lupton were well placed to understand the challenges of the competition. Lupton was one of the founders, with Mark Ayers, and Stammers was an early competitor some 20 years ago. One thing that they both expressed

surprise at was that some of the same fittings were still being used.

'Hopefully any manufacturers reading this will step up to the plate and donate a few old samples,' said Lupton. 'It's great to see young designers surprised by metal halide lamps that need to cool down before they turn back on but manufacturers are missing a real opportunity to get their latest products into the hands of designers from Foster + Partners, Arup, Marcus Steffan and so on.'

Teams Arup CBG Consulting Foster + Partners Franklite Hoare Lea iGuzzini Marlow Integrated Design Michael Grubb Studio MS Lighting Design Rose Bruford College UCL A UCL B UCL C Women in Lighting WSP

Award Winners Technical Award (SLL): Michael Grubb Studio (team members: Isabelle Lane, Giulia Brighi, Chloe SalviAnna Freiesleben and Daniela Rendon) Artistic Award (IALD): Franklite (team members: Paul Robinson, Ian Cathcart, Julian Craven and Michael Eccles) Peer Prize: MS Lighting Design (team members: Marcus Steffan, Vanessa Macedo, Tiziana Regalado)

Judges: Martin Lupton and Sharon Stammers, Light Collective Mark Ayers, specification manager (UK and EMEA), LPA Lighting Partners Ben Ratcliffe, lecturer, Rose Bruford

Juliet Rennie

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January/February 2022

Competitors have just three hours and six fittings to create an exterior scheme

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Sponsors and supporters: IALD Lee Filters Light Collective Signify Whitecroft Lighting White Light

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Events

Juliet Rennie

January/February 2022

Juliet Rennie

Technical Award Winner: Michael Grubb Studio

Artistic Award Winner: Franklite

Twitter: @sll100

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Peer Prize Winner: MS Lighting Design

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Events

January/February 2022

E 'The standard of the installations was very impressive. I was amazed by the narrative and storytelling techniques the teams applied to each location'

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It didn't appear to inhibit the creativity of the teams, however. 'The standard of the installations was very impressive and I was amazed by the teams' ability to use old technology in such a creative way and also by the narrative and storytelling techniques that they applied to each location,' commented Stammers.

Lupton agreed. 'One thing that came across really strongly was the narratives.

We talk a lot about narrative-based design and the fact that all of the teams were able to deliver a clear narrative, supported by the visual effects they had created with a limited palette of light in a short space of time, was really impressive.'

The perennially high standards had as usual made choosing the winner hard, they said. 'It was very difficult to judge,' added Lupton. 'There were several contenders and I think the fact that we, as judges of the artistic prize, independently picked someone different to the technical prize and also the peer prize shows just how close it was.'

sll.org.uk

Smart cities

January/February 2022

how can cities build their own vision of smart lighting? How can they find futureproof solutions? Most importantly, how can they make the right decisions that are best for their city and citizens in the long-term?

Of course, it is impossible to have all the answers. But by encouraging cities to start with the right questions, we hope to be able to guide them as they determine their vision and path towards smart lighting. That is why LUCI has produced the Cities’ Guide to Smart Lighting, to help cities – big and small, no matter what their means or ambitions – form their vision on smart lighting and support possible actions towards realisation.

Marina Bay, Singapore, which launched its Smart Nation initiative in 2014, tops a number of lists of the world's smart cities

SMART THINKING Mark Burton-Page, general director of LUCI, outlines a white paper produced by the association to help cities formulate their vision on smart lighting and support actions that will make it a reality

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he advent of smart lighting has brought with it many questions for cities, as we have seen and heard in several international conferences and discussions within the LUCI (Lighting Urban Community International) network and the wider urban lighting community over the past few years.

Smart lighting has, of course, brought many new possibilities: better adapting

Twitter: @sll100

public lighting to cities’ and people’s needs, connecting other city functions with public lighting, creating new dynamic ambiences in urban spaces, and perhaps eventually even rethinking the role of urban lighting itself.

But how can we ensure that these smart lighting developments benefit the city, its citizens and the common good? In fact, these developments have also brought quite a few questions for cities as well:

Courtesy of Larry Teo on Unsplash

A DOCUMENT FROM CITIES, FOR CITIES We have long believed in our association that cities are the best equipped to respond to each other’s questions, and to face together the challenges of building better urban environments. That is why the document takes the form of a white paper, from cities, for cities. Initiated by LUCI within the framework of the Interreg North West Europe-funded project SmartSpace, this white paper is the result of a one-year collective process gathering cities and experts in Europe and beyond. A process involving in-depth interviews with international experts in the domain, cocreation sessions with city working groups, and a wide-ranging consultation with the members of the LUCI network.

COMBINING TWO FRAMEWORKS: THE SOCIAL/ SOCIETAL AND THE TECHNICAL/ TECHNOLOGICAL Discussions around smart lighting are often reduced to solely technological aspects. But smart lighting is more than just technology.

It is, in fact, 'politics in technological form', to quote one of the experts involved in the process. So it was very important for us that the guide bring together two different frameworks for smart lighting that often tend to be treated separately: in other words, a technical/operational framework, aiming essentially for efficient operation and energy savings, and a social/societal framework considering, for example, light for wellbeing, the social implications of lighting and citizen rights. By approaching

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Smart cities

smart lighting from both these perspectives, we hope to guide cities to apprehend the full scope of their role and responsibilities in the domain.

WHY (OR WHY NOT) SMART LIGHTING? We find that, at the deepest level, smart lighting should contribute to realising the values of a city: it should help achieve the goals a city strives for, for itself, its citizens and society.

The reasons why a city instigates a 'smart lighting'1 strategy are key to ultimately directing its future paths and decisions. The document outlines the many reasons why it should be considered and how it can contribute to a broad range of city priorities: environmental sustainability, social sustainability, citizen value, the city’s internal organisation and more.

But while smart lighting is often the right choice for many cities, it might not be so for others today. Every city is different: in terms of lighting infrastructure, applicable legislation, local needs and cultural values and so on. Since smart lighting should never be seen as an end in itself, technology for technology’s sake, we also thought it important to address some of the reasons why some cities might not want to venture into this area.

TIPS AND STEPS FOR ACTION It was important for us at LUCI that this document become not just another piece of paper extolling the virtues of smart lighting, but a useful and concise guide providing cities with concrete advice and tips for action. The guide is therefore primarily composed of insights, experiences, advice and approaches from city experts in order to support cities in decision-making and taking possible steps in the realm of smart lighting. Below are some of the smart steps that are discussed:

1 FACILITATING MUNICIPAL DECISION-MAKING: BUILDING A STRONG CASE One of the first things that a city has to do before it gets started is to build the case for smart lighting – allowing potential gains and opportunities to be weighed against potential costs and threats. While there is no fixed

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© City of Tartu, A Haas

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January/February 2022

LUCI AGM Tartu, Estonia, where cities and lighting professionals were given a preview of the guide

blueprint for building such a case, since each city has its own priorities and resources to consider, the guide highlights some of the core elements – ranging from payback period, to social sustainability, to infrastructural potential – that are essential to building a strong case for smart lighting and facilitating the municipal decisionmaking process.

2 INTEROPERABILITY IS KEY A very important point in the smart lighting domain: cities worry about vendor lock-ins and the (future) availability of components that can function with their existing infrastructure. That is why interoperability – in a nutshell, the ability of different devices to work fluently together – is a key issue. The guide describes possible ways to understand and deal with interoperability. We also talk about tendering for interoperability, addressing how cities could jointly make a difference in the market for interoperable products and systems.

3 INVOLVING CITIZENS The ultimate goal of every city and municipal authority is to serve its citizens. Ensuring that the urban space is tailored to their needs, with

The Smart-Space project Funded by Interreg NorthWest Europe, the Smart-Space project (2018-2021) aims to facilitate the uptake of smart lighting in small/midsize municipalities to enhance energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions. The project brings together end-users (cities/citizens) and innovation stakeholders (research institutes, LUCI, SMEs, enterprises) from the Netherlands, Belgium, France and Ireland.

quality lighting, is essential. Involving citizens in designing, assessing and adjusting smart lighting systems can help avoid problems and missed opportunities. That is why the guide also dedicates a section to including techniques and approaches to engage local stakeholders – from residents, to shopkeepers – in city lighting initiatives.

4 ORGANISING EXPERTISE: CREATING A SMART LIGHTING ECO-SYSTEM We all know that smart lighting brings with it the need for new

sll.org.uk

Smart cities

LUCI LUCI (Lighting Urban Community International) is the international network of cities on urban lighting. Created in 2002 at the initiative of the City of Lyons, today LUCI is a non-profit organisation bringing together more than 70 member towns and cities worldwide that use light as a tool for social, cultural and economic development. It also includes over 50 associated members from the lighting industry, design agencies and research institutes.

Through the organisation of international events and conferences, and by piloting lighting projects and research initiatives, LUCI helps cities harness the potential of light to create sustainable and peoplefocused urban spaces. www.luciassociation.org

© Sibelga

January/February 2022

Brussels: the Belgian capital's public lighting operator, Sibelga, has been implementing a step-bystep deployment of intelligent street lights across the city

A Cities’ Guide to Smart Lighting CO-AUTHORED BY DR. IR. PHILIP ROSS AND LUCI

expertise and knowledge, not only in municipal lighting departments, but in the city structure as a whole. The guide provides some suggestions and recommendations on how cities can best go about organising the necessary expertise, and building the eco-system required to ensure long-term success.

5 MAKING THE MOST OF PILOTS Pilot projects are essential first steps for cities embarking on smart lighting.

How can cities best leverage such pilot initiatives to take the next steps towards broader deployment and scale-ups? Gathering insights from pilots worldwide, the guide provides some ingredients for to help in setting up future-proof pilots.

6 DATA IS A PUBLIC ASSET AND SHOULD BE MANAGED AS SUCH Gathering and combining data from smart lighting infrastructure of course brings with it several ethical, privacy and data management issues. This data

Twitter: @sll100

A white paper from cities for cities — about the why and how behind Smart Lighting

is often citizen data, and we should see it as a public asset and use it solely in the public interest. That is why a data management strategy should be included in any smart lighting initiative.

These are just some of the highlights of the recommendations in LUCI’s white paper on smart urban lighting. I truly believe that its contents will not only help city decision-makers take their own steps towards smart lighting, but also engender further collective conversation among cities and their partners worldwide. In the end, when it comes to smart lighting and its rapidly changing environment, working together and learning from other cities before moving forward on projects is the smartest step any city can take.

Reference 1 In the Cities’ Guide to Smart Lighting, we use the following minimum technical criteria for a lighting system to be called Smart Lighting: the system includes elements generating data (for example, lights, sensors, controllers), elements responding to data (for example, controls, lights) and one or multiple elements making control decisions (for example, a lighting management system), all of which are united in a communication infrastructure.

www.luciassociation.org/cities-guideto-smart-lighting/

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Professional development

January/February 2022

The introduction of the CIBSE technical report route means that an engineering degree is no longer necessary to achieve chartered engineer status

QUALIFIED SUCCESS Sacha Abizadeh, UK head of creative lighting at WSP, is the latest lighting design professional to gain CEng status through the alternative CIBSE route. He explains why he did it, what the process was and why it will benefit his career hen I was at a junior level, I always wanted to achieve a chartered engineer status.

Back then it was slightly frustrating as it required an engineering degree as part of the application process and the CIBSE technical report route (TRR) was not

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available at the time. My fine art bachelor’s degree and lighting diplomas didn’t meet the criteria. However, this didn’t stop me from continuing to push myself, and to gain the experience and skills that would meet chartered engineer criteria.

I was working in a building engineering

What is professional registration?

Professional registration is recognition through membership of a relevant professional engineering institution that an individual’s competence and commitment has been assessed, and that they have attained the standard required for admission to the national register at the appropriate level (for example, chartered engineer).

consultancy and among colleagues with engineering degrees. The environment I was involved in helped motivate me as almost all consulting companies encourage engineers to attain a chartered status.

I also wanted to gain recognition in wider industries, building further trust with my

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Professional development

January/February 2022

peers and clients. I wanted to be viewed as someone who can develop solutions to engineering problems using new or existing technologies, through innovation and creativity, and to have technical accountability for complex systems with significant levels of risk.

The process involved me becoming a full member of CIBSE, which required an interview and a competency practice report aligned with chartered application.

Once my MCIBSE was achieved I could follow the institution's technical

'I would strongly recommend getting the chartership status if you work in the building industry and I believe it would benefit all lighting designers'

report route. This included developing an approved synopsis paper, delivering the full paper and subsequently being interviewed about it. The information published by CIBSE on its website helped me to plan my final report and submission.

It took me under a year to complete this process. The preparation of the report and materials were pretty much undertaken during most of my weekends. The synopsis was submitted in December 2020 and two months later I was notified that I could proceed with the paper. I submitted it in August 2021 with the interview then following in October.

It is clearly helpful when doing this to work with a supportive employer. WSP fully encourages people to gain professional qualifications and registrations. It has a mentor programme to support colleagues in this respect, together with a bonus award scheme not just for those who gain further qualifications but also for the mentors involved in helping them.

Obviously, companies also benefit from the capabilities of their staff, and the engineering chartership provides competency assurance for our clients as well as greater professional authority for an employee.

I would strongly recommend getting the chartership status if you work in the building industry and I believe it would benefit all lighting designers. CEng status is seen by many clients as a mark of competency and recognition of an individual's skills and abilities.

Alternative route to MCIBSE CEng: the process This route requires candidates to demonstrate their competence through the submission of an engineering practice report (as well as supplementary documentation), followed by an interview assessment.

There are two UK application closing dates a year: February and August. Applications will be accepted throughout the year, but interviews will only be held during two designated interview periods each year: April/May and October/November.

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If you do not hold any qualifications or you do not meet the academic standards you can still obtain CEng once your MCIBSE application has been approved Application + engineering practice report Competence review interview Assessment + approval by CIBSE members panel MCIBSE Further learning to master level OR technical report route application Professional review interview OR technical report + professional review interview Assessment + approval by CIBSE registration panel CEng

For membership grade: www.cibse.org/membership/ find-your-grade/member-grade Details of Technical Report Route: www.cibse.org/trr Additional resources for those applying for CEng from a lighting specific background: www.cibse.org/society-of-lightand-lighting-sll/membership/ resources-for-lightingprofessionals-applying-for

Twitter: @sll100

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CIE report

January/February 2022

ILLUMINATING INSIGHTS

measuring devices (ILMDs), plus their calibration and some guidelines for their use.

Using ILMDs, the projection of the luminance distribution of a scene can be recorded for further evaluation. In addition to a simple documentation of measurements, the geometrical assignment of the image points into the object coordinate system often allows more complex calculations by combining luminance, directional and, if necessary, solid angle information (for example, for glare evaluation). In addition to the flexible evaluation option, it is possible to acquire a large number of measured values quickly and, if necessary, synchronously.

Shutterstock

John O’Hagan, chair of CIE-UK, reports on its latest activities and publications

Measurement of obtrusive light and sky glow is the subject of one of the latest technical reports

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he CIE 2021 mid-term meeting and conference, organised by CIE Malaysia, was held virtually, from 27-29 September (see News, p4). There were more than 200 participants from 37 countries (the UK had the second largest representation). The full conference papers will be available in the coming weeks from the CIE Webshop, including open-access papers available for free download as pdfs.

The CIE has more than 70 technical committees (TCs) working on new technical reports and international standards. The following are those that have recently been approved: TC 2-95: Measurement of obtrusive light and sky glow: to provide guidelines and examples for metrics, measurement methods and corresponding instrument specifications for the measurement of obtrusive light and sky glow.

Chair: Constantinos Bouroussis (Greece) TC 2-96: Revision of ISO/CIE 19476:2014 Characterisation of the performance of illuminance meters and luminance meters: to revise Standard ISO/CIE 19476:2014 and CIE S 023/E:2013 respectively.

Chair: Armin Sperling (Germany) TC 3-59: The integration of daylight and electric lighting: to define requirements for a lighting design approach that considers human

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comfort and wellbeing, as well as energy efficiency, taking into consideration the light spectrum, and conventional design criteria based around illuminance or luminance.

Chair: Peng Xue (China) TC 3-60: Spectral daylight characteristics: to review geographical, seasonal and timeof-day variations in the spectral power distribution of daylight, when represented

by D (daylight) illuminants. To update the CIE015:2018 reconstitution procedure to calculate D illuminants at a nominal correlated colour temperature. To provide spectral information for CIE standard general sky types.

Chair: Martine Knoop (Germany) TC 8-18: Guidelines for definition and evaluation of high dynamic range images and image sequences: to propose a definition of high dynamic range (HDR) images and image sequences, including luminance level, contrast and spatial/temporal distribution. To define luminance levels, and recommend methods of calculating key characteristics of HDR images.

Chair: Mekides Assefa Abebe (Norway) NEW PUBLICATIONS FROM THE CIE: CIE 244:2021 Characterisation of Imaging Luminance Measurement Devices (ILMDs) This document describes the elements, function and characterisation of imaging luminance

CIE 245:2021 Optical Safety of Infrared Eye Trackers Applied for Extended Durations Infrared eye trackers are used to achieve communication through gaze interaction.

This is an important application of modern electro-optics and computer technology to benefit people with major motor impairments, as well as for general use as a human-tocomputer interaction device. By tracking eye movements of people with severe motor disabilities, the individuals can interact with automated equipment through movements of their gaze. In addition to purely passive systems, which may only employ ambient lighting, more typical eye trackers use active infrared eye-tracking techniques.

While several exposure guidelines exist, questions have arisen about the potential optical radiation hazards of using infrared trackers for durations of 10 to 12 hours each day for a lifetime. Conventional trackers used in a research setting would rarely be used for more than an hour.

This report explores the basis of the guidelines to determine their direct applicability. The most limiting criterion is the infrared exposure limit to protect against delayed changes in the crystalline lens of the eye. The technical committee also examined some representative eye trackers and found that day-long average exposure did not exceed that criterion.

The SLL is a sponsoring organisation member of the CIE (Commission Internationale de l´Éclairage) and its UK members are entitled to 66.6 per cent discount on CIE publications For further information about CIE-UK, contact Allan Howard (executive secretary, CIE-UK): allan.howard@wsp.com

sll.org.uk

LR&T essentials

January/February 2022

SENSE OF RHYTHM

Iain Carlile looks at two of the latest Lighting Research and Technology papers, which both investigate circadian effects in real world situations

S

ahin and Figueiro present a field study investigation into lighting for shift-working railway personnel.

The authors note that this group may suffer fatigue due to poor quality sleep, impairing their ability to perform safety-critical tasks.

This can be exacerbated by disruption of the 24-hour light-dark pattern occurring on the retinae, especially with respect to exposure to light at night and circadian rhythm disruption.

The field study looked at lighting interventions that could promote circadian alignment, advance the timing of dim-light melatonin onset, improve objective sleep quality, and reduce subjective sleepiness in an operational context.

The study was undertaken in the Seyrantepe Control Centre, which monitors the Istanbul Metro’s track activities constantly, 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Sixteen rail dispatchers (male, mean age 37.3, SD 6.4) took part in the baseline data collection phase, with 10 of them (male, mean age 40.2, SD 6.2) taking part in the intervention phase of the study.

The participants completed a Munich Chronotype Questionnaire for Shift Workers which suggested a late to extremely late chronotype. During the study the participants were exposed to two different lighting conditions: the pre-existing facility lighting was used during the baseline phase (October 2015) and the experimental lighting during the intervention phase (February 2019).

The study space was a windowless control room illuminated by a grid of troffer

luminaires with 3500K fluorescent lamps. The intervention employed a dynamic LED lighting system comprising suspended direct/indirect linear tunable white (4000K-6500K) luminaires, combined with either a red or blue light (circadian-effective blue and 6500K white in the morning, and circadian-ineffective red and 4000K white in the afternoon and at night).

It was found that the lighting intervention promoted significantly greater synchrony between the light-dark exposures and restactivity patterns of day shift participants, but did not significantly advance the timing of dimlight melatonin onset. The intervention was also associated with reduced objective sleep disturbances and improved subjective sleep quality, but only when the participants were off duty during the day shift.

The authors concluded that lighting interventions can promote circadian alignment and improve sleep quality among railway shift workers, and that the results may be possible to apply to other industries that operate 24/7.

Babilon et al also conducted a field study, examining circadian effectiveness in residents of nursing homes. The authors note that in many cases these residents have limited access to natural daylight, the main environmental cue of circadian entrainment. This has been exacerbated by restrictions due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

In order to develop appropriate strategies for a more human-centred lighting approach, reliable field measurements of the circadian stimulus (CS) in existing situations are

required. The study was carried out using a previously developed simplified method of estimating a biologically meaningful CS metric, involving standard measuring equipment. It was restricted to a single nursing home in the Frankfurt Rhine-Main area in Germany.

Although the building itself met all of the current local design and construction standards, it was found that the existing lighting installations were inadequate to properly stimulate the residents’ circadian system, with mostly moderate to low values of the biologically meaningful CS metric being recorded. The amount of circadian-effective light was therefore insufficient to provoke proper circadian stimulation, possibly leading to circadian disruption and adverse effects on the health and wellbeing of residents.

The authors conclude that the insufficient lighting situation in nursing homes is a serious problem that needs urgent consideration.

Iain Carlile, FSLL, is a past president of the SLL and a senior associate at dpa lighting consultants Lighting Research and Technology: OnlineFirst In advance of being published in the print version of Lighting Research and Technology (LR&T), all papers accepted for publishing are available online.

SLL members can gain access to these papers via the SLL website (www.sll.org.uk) A 24-hour lighting scheme to promote alertness and circadian entrainment in railroad dispatchers on rotating shifts: A field study L Sahin and MG Figueiro A field test of a simplified method of estimating circadian stimulus S Babilon, S Beck and TQ Khanh

Different test rooms of a nursing home selected for performing field measurements of the circadian effectiveness of their lighting conditions including daylight entry (Babilon et al)

Twitter: @sll100

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Events 2022

For details of all upcoming webinars, go to: www.cibse.org/society-oflight-and-lighting-sll/sll-events/upcoming-webinars-and-online-content For previously recorded CPD webinars (including regional webinars), go to: www.cibse.org/society-of-light-and-lighting-sll/sll-events/pastpresentations

EVENT LIGHT + BUILDING 2022 Venue: Messe Frankfurt Date: 13-18 March 2022 www.light-building.com

UPCOMING WEBINARS FINDING DARKNESS WITHIN THE LIGHT: THE ROLE OF RESPONSIBLE OUTDOOR LIGHTING DESIGN IN CONFRONTING THE GLOBAL LOSS OF THE NIGHT (SLL and CIBSE East Midlands Region) Speaker: Dr John Barentine, principal consultant, Dark Sky Consulting Date: 11 January Time: 6.30pm

AVAILABLE WEBINARS INCLUDE LIGHTING LESSONS FROM EARTH AND BEYOND What can extreme conditions teach us about lighting from the Antarctic to off-planet projects?

Speakers: Haniyeh Mirdamadi and Martin Valentine FSLL discuss extraordinary projects they have worked on BACK TO SCHOOL: ARE WE GETTING THE MOST FROM LIGHTING UPGRADES IN EXISTING SCHOOLS? Online panel discussion with the SLL and Age of Light Innovations examining the urgent need to address the environmental and human cost of poor-quality lighting in the education sector and asking key stakeholders with expertise and direct experience, what's working, what's not working and what could be done to improve how we buy lighting for existing schools INDOOR LIGHTING: CHANGE IS AFOOT (SLL and CIBSE Ireland) Looking at the newly revised BS EN 12464-1:2021 Light and Lighting of Work Places. Part 1. Indoor Workplaces, launched this autumn.

Speaker: Sophie Parry, FSLL, technical applications consultant for ZG Group UK and Ireland, and chair of the SLL technical and publications committee

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