Vol104iss1

Volume 104, Issue 1 Tuesday, September 2, 2014

McGill THE

DAILY

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Published by The Daily Publications Society, a student society of McGill University.

THE

DISORIENTATION GUIDE

Table of Contents 03

NEWS

Grad student’s suit against CFS goes to trial News you missed from the summer Recap: SSMU presidential election invalidation Shag Shop goes online Sexual assault case: McGill to investigate hiring practices

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COMMENTARY

McGill Law students’ letter in support of Gaza On Ferguson and the systemic oppression faced by people of colour The Northern Gateway project is not going ahead

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

The Disorientation Guide

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FEATURES

What is self-care, and why does it matter?

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SCI+TECH

20 CULTURE Passovah Festival and Productions are expanding Preview of Constellation Records fall releases Seven artists interpret testosterone A pop princess’ victim complex

Regulating e-cigarettes

22 COMPENDIUM!

Doing summer research in Engineering

McGill bro turns good, and some whimsy.

19

SPORTS

Knocking out sexism in the gamer community

23 EDITORIAL Introducing The Daily

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News

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

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Grad student sues student federation, seeks referendum Presiding judge expresses confusion over CFS disassociation procedures Cem Ertekin The McGill Daily

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n August 28 and 29, the Superior Court of Quebec held a trial regarding the lawsuit of Ge Sa, Internal Affairs Officer of the Post-Graduate Students’ Society (PGSS), against the Canadian Federation of Students (CFS). The suit was filed in response to CFS’ failure to process a petition submitted by Sa asking to hold a referendum to disassociate PGSS from CFS; if the case is successful, PGSS will be allowed to hold the referendum.

Sa’s suit, filed as an individual and not on behalf of PGSS, comes after a hearing on March 18 where the courts voted to allow Sa’s case to be heard. This occurred after CFS failed to respond to Sa’s petition to hold a referendum to leave CFS; however, the petition was recognized as valid by CFS on August 26, just two days before the trial.

In 2010, PGSS filed a case against CFS after CFS refused to recognize the results of a referendum to leave the organization in 2010. The lawsuit is still in progress, which, last March, prompted Sa to file an individual suit to prevent CFS from collecting membership fees during the duration of PGSS’ lawsuit.

“I believe that the McGill students have spoken [in the 2010 referendum], and CFS has refused to recognize this,” said Sa in an interview with The Daily. “It’s important to reiterate the fact that [...] the students still want to have our voices heard, and to make sure that the members of our society still support our court case.”

“You can’t keep collecting fees from us, and putting us on your website, and denying our rights to be heard.”

Ge Sa PGSS Internal Affairs Officer In the motion they presented at the trial, Sa’s lawyers requested that the court compel CFS to let

Mert Kimyaci | Photographer

The Palais de Justice.

PGSS present its members with the following referendum question: “Are you in favour of continued membership of the Post-Graduate Students’ Society of McGill University Inc. in the Canadian Federation of Students?”

François Viau, the lawyer representing CFS, argued that Sa’s case constituted an abuse of power under article 54.1 of the Quebec Code of Civil Procedure, which allows for a court to declare that an action or pleading is improper and, as a result, to “impose a sanction on the party concerned.”

Referring back to the case launched by PGSS in 2010, Viau argued that there was a contradiction between these two cases.

PGSS’ official stance in its case is that it is no longer a member of CFS, while in Sa’s case, according to Viau, it is assumed that PGSS is still a member and is willing to abide by CFS’ bylaws.

“Can’t have your cake and eat it

too,” said Viau during the trial.

However, Sa argued that it is CFS that is trying to have it both ways. “They are saying things, whatever suits them in different situations,” said Sa. “On their website they list us as members because it is good publicity for them.”

“In the first court case with PGSS, I think they are claiming we are still members to get the $300,000 [in unpaid fees] in question. And in my case, [CFS argues that] we are clearly not members, so that they don’t have to give us a referendum. You can’t keep collecting fees from us, and putting us on your website, and denying our rights to be heard,” Sa told The Daily.

Viau further noted that even if a referendum was held, CFS would not have a fair shot at holding an electoral campaign, given that PGSS has been considering CFS to be persona non grata on campus since the 2010 referendum. During her cross-examination, CFS staffer

“Shouldn’t you be able to associate and disassociate as easily as possible? If it’s easy to associate, normally, it should be easy to disassociate.”

Justice Gérard Dugré Lucy Watson said that PGSS has not been giving positive visibility to CFS, even though CFS have been trying to contact PGSS members and collaborate with them over various issues.

Watson told The Daily that, as she is not an official CFS spokesper-

son, she could not answer questions from the press.

Sa emphasized why the opportunity for a disassociation referendum was important. “I, personally, and many other people in PGSS, believe that CFS has no presence in Quebec, and higher education is a provincial matter, and they have not been representing McGill students.”

Gérard Dugré, the presiding judge, expressed during the trial that he was hesitant about making a judgement that could contradict the outcome of the ongoing litigation between PGSS and CFS. At the end of two days of hearings, Dugré was not able to reach a final verdict and said to the court that he would deliberate over the weekend. However, he did comment on the peculiarity of CFS’ disassociation process. “Shouldn’t you be able to associate and disassociate as easily as possible? If it’s easy to associate, normally, it should be easy to disassociate.”

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News

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

In case you missed it Highlights from the summer Written by Jill Bachelder, Janna Bryson, Emma Noradounkian, and Igor Sadikov

It’s been quite a summer! While you were away, activists took to the streets of Montreal on numerous occasions, while the university has seen drama in student politics, new hirings in the administration, and changes in the labour scene. In case you missed anything, here is a look at some highlights from the last four months.

Floor fellows join AMUSE On May 6, the McGill floor fellows’ union drive came to an end when their request to unionize under the Association of McGill University Support Employees (AMUSE) was accepted by Quebec’s Commission des relations du travail.

On August 29, the floor fellows held their first annual general meeting and elected Christina Clemente as VP Floor Fellows. The unit is entering into collective bargaining this fall.

Quebec student organizers host international convention In June, student organizers who were active in the 2011-12 Quebec student strike hosted a four-day international convention during which they shared lessons and experiences with like-minded attendees from across North America. Members of the Association pour une solidarité syndicale étudiante (ASSÉ), a student union federation, led a variety of workshops and discussed their organization’s direct democratic decision-making process. Organizers of the convention also dedicated a significant amount of time to workshops on feminist and anti-racist practices, highlighting the challenges students face as they attempt to build an inclusive movement. The convention allowed participants to make connections with other activists and build international solidarity, though some attendees found many workshops too theoretical and hard to apply.

Montrealers remember victims of police shootings August 9 marked the sixth anniversary of the shooting of unarmed 18-year-old Fredy Villanueva by a Montreal police officer, who has yet to face serious consequences for his actions. Montreal North community members held a candlelight vigil at the site where Villanueva was shot to commemorate his life and demand justice. On the same day, a few hours before the vigil, another unarmed 18-year-old, Michael Brown, was killed by police in Ferguson, Missouri, leading to an uprising in the Ferguson community. A week later, nearly 100 Montrealers gathered for a vigil in solidarity with the Ferguson protests to speak out against police violence and its intersection with institutionalized racism.

Three-story condo to replace razed Parc Oxygène On July 7, the construction of a three-story condo began on a razed laneway garden that was known as Parc Oxygène in the Milton-Parc community. The neighbourhood’s beloved green space was destroyed on June 26, a few days after the Superior Court refused a safeguard order to the Milton Park Community (CMP) housing cooperative network that would have stopped a condo developer from bulldozing the garden. The board of the CMP has chosen not to appeal the decision for the time being.

Yasmine Mosimann | The McGill Daily

Trans* activists march on August 10. Igor Sadikov | The McGill Daily

Dance demo on June 14.

Trans* activists and allies march to denounce barriers to self-determination With the support of twenty community groups and organizations, and over 250 trans* activists and allies, the PARTICIPES collective of young trans* persons held a demonstration on August 10 against the legal and bureaucratic barriers to trans* selfdetermination. Organizers demanded that the formal procedures to change one’s name and gender marker be simplified as required by Bill 35, which has received royal assent but has yet to be enforced by the newly elected Liberal government. The march ended with a minute of silence for victims of violence against trans* people at the offices of the Directeur de l’état civil.

Sophie Leblanc takes Chief Investment Officer position McGill has hired Sophie Leblanc as its new Chief Investment Officer to oversee the endowment fund and pension plan. Leblanc will take advice on the ethical side of McGill’s investments from the Committee to Advise on Matters of Social Responsibility (CAMSR), whose terms of reference were recently updated to expand the definition of social injury, which now includes “grave environmental damage.” In light of these developments, it remains to be seen whether Leblanc will be more receptive than her predecessor John Limeburner to Divest McGill’s demand that McGill divest from the fossil fuel industry.

Dance demo protests sex work legislation On June 14, about 75 people staged a dance-a-thon at Place de la Paix. The demonstration was part of a national day of action during which sex workers and their allies protested the content of the proposed Bill C-36, which criminalizes sex work more severely than ever before in Canada. Bill C-36 is the Conservative government’s response to the Supreme Court’s December ruling on Canada v. Bedford, in which the court unanimously struck down three central provisions of Canadian sex work legislation and left the government one year to draft a new law.

Montrealers with disabilities demand accessible transit system On July 25, Accessibilize Montreal organized a protest outside the Place-des-Arts metro station to speak out against the inaccessibility of Montreal’s public transportation system for people with disabilities. Accessibilize called on the Société de transport de Montréal (STM) to install more elevators in metro stations and install more ramps on buses, as currently only seven out of 68 metro stations have elevator access – of which only four are on the island – and not all STM buses have ramps installed.

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September 2, 2014 The McGill Daily | www.mcgilldaily.com

Recap: student politician pursues Superior Court case April Fools Day election invalidation no laughing matter for Tariq Khan Emma Noradounkian The McGill Daily

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cGill undergraduates found themselves perplexed on April 1 as they received an email announcing the invalidation of the election of Tariq Khan as Students’ Society of McGill University’s (SSMU) president.

This decision, rendered by Elections SSMU, appointed runner-up Courtney Ayukawa as president.

Before the invalidation, Elections SSMU had publicly censured

Khan once during his presidential campaign for having “explicitly asked a non-campaign committee member to send unsolicited text messages to members of the public.”

The public censure was announced on March 21, the last day of the campaign period and also the day of Khan’s election as SSMU president by a margin of only 78 votes.

The bylaw infractions that caused his invalidation, Elections SSMU claimed, included the participation of “individuals external to SSMU in his campaign,” the sending

March 21 Notification of public censure against Khan for allegedly violating campaign bylaws emailed to students.

March 21 Khan elected SSMU president, beating Courtney Ayukawa by only 78 votes.

of “unsolicited messages regarding his campaign,” “inconsistencies with campaign expenditures,” as well as the “impingement of the spirit of a fair campaign and of the voting process.”

Khan’s invalidation led to the retraction of a then-ongoing SSMU Judicial Board case against Elections SSMU alleging improper handling of Khan’s campaign team’s bylaw infractions, the details of which were leaked to The Daily in early April.

Following his invalidation,

April 1 Invalidation of Khan’s election as SSMU president.

April 7 Documents from dropped Judicial Board case against Elections SSMU leaked to The Daily containing evidence of alleged campaign violations by Tariq Khan.

Khan appealed to the Judicial Board. However, the Judicial Board unanimously upheld the invalidation on April 29, and the decision was ratified by SSMU’s Board of Directors on April 30.

A month later, Khan informed The Daily of his decision to file a case to the Superior Court of Quebec against Elections SSMU to contest the invalidation of his presidential election. He charged Elections SSMU with violating his basic human rights throughout the process of his invalidation, such as

April 29 Judicial Board unanimously upholds the invalidation.

his right to a presumption of innocence and his right to cross-examine witnesses.

On May 29, Khan filed a request to the Court for a preliminary injunction to reinstate him as SSMU president until the case was heard in its entirety. The Superior Court dismissed the application in a decision rendered on June 3 on the basis that a provisional injunction would cause undue inconvenience and inflict additional costs on SSMU. The full hearing of Khan’s case will be taking place this fall.

May 29 Khan requests a provisional injunction from the Superior Court of Quebec that would reinstate him as SSMU president.

April 30 Ratification of Judicial Board’s decision by SSMU’s Board of Directors.

June 3 Superior Court dismisses Khan’s request for a provisional injunction.

Shag Shop loses location to renos, moves online Kiosks around campus will offer safer sex items Igor Sadikov The McGill Daily

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he Shag Shop will provisionally open up as an online store this fall after closing in April. As no replacement has been found for its previous physical location next to the Student Health clinic, free safer sex and health items will now be available at Student Health Services, as well as at other locations around campus such as Dave’s Store (in the basement of the Bronfman building), and the main floor washroom of Thomson House.

The Shag Shop opened in 2005 as a sexual health boutique run by

Student Health Services. Its former location is being repurposed as an accessible entrance to the First Peoples’ House.

According to Amanda Unruh, the health promotion coordinator at Student Health Services, the online store should be live by October, offering a subset of its previous selection. “We’re going to focus more on health items,” Unruh told The Daily in an interview. “The plan is to provide more connections with other online retailers that have a wider variety of sex toys.”

In addition to safer sex items, such as condoms and lube, the new kiosks around campus will be offering various other health-

related items. “Right now we’re handing out a lot of sunscreen and sunglasses, but then throughout the year perhaps [we’ll have] more pertinent health items like earplugs, [dams], and moisturizers, things like that,” said Unruh.

Former Shag Shop volunteer Alice Gauntley expressed disappointment with the fact that, although some of the products remain available, students have lost access to a space where they could receive information and advice on their sexual health.

“I was sad to learn that the Shop will no longer be able to offer students a private, accessible, non-judgemental physical loca-

tion in which to access sexual health items and information,” Gauntley wrote in an email to The Daily.

“A move to an online store and smaller kiosks all over campus might reach new and different folks, which would be super exciting,” added Gauntley. “But I remain frustrated that the shop, which has proven itself a haven for myself and many others, was not offered a suitable place elsewhere on campus to relocate.”

Unruh indicated that the search for a new location will continue after the online store is set up, but noted that the Shop has particular requirements that make

the search difficult.

“It needs to be in a discreet location, and it needs to be in a place that is easily accessible and that is easy to direct people to, but [such that it’s] not obvious that people are going there,” explained Unruh.

“There [were] a number of options [...] but we do need to have more privacy when it comes to the store. So, there would have to be additional walls and sound barriers installed so that people felt private when they were shopping, and also so that if they asked questions about their sexual health, they would feel as though it was a private matter and that people outside couldn’t hear.”

News

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

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Sexual assault case: ex-Redmen player was working at McGill youth camp University reacts to news with investigation of hiring practices Jill Bachelder The McGill Daily

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n July 23, CBC broke the news that Ian Sheriff, one of the former McGill Redmen football players facing sexual assault charges, was working at a youth program run by McGill Athletics for children ages 6 to 15. The public outcry following the story prompted reactions from the administration, including a statement from Provost Anthony Masi condemning Sheriffâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hire, and the formation of a committee with the purpose of reviewing the hire, as well as general hiring processes at McGill.

Sheriff, along with his then teammates Brenden Carriere and Guillaume Tremblay, was charged in July 2012 with the sexual assault of a former Concordia student. The three faced no disciplinary action from McGill or the Redmen football team, and only after the charges were publicized in the Montreal Gazette in the fall of 2013 did McGill commit to addressing the issue of sexual assault. In March, McGill held a Forum on Consent and created a Liaison Officer (Harm Reduction) position.

â&#x20AC;&#x153;It is clear that much work needs to be done on and off campus for McGill to be a safer space for survivors of sexual assault.â&#x20AC;?

SACOMSS statement The CBC article has now brought to light the fact that Sheriff had been working at McGill for the past three years despite the sexual assault charges. An anonymous source told The Daily that his job at the camp involved working with children of all age groups, and that in the summer of 2013 he was a counsellor for a group of eight- to ten-year-old boys, even though, according to Deputy Provost (Student Life and Learning) Ollivier Dyensâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; comments in an interview with the Montreal Gazette, McGill had been made aware of the

The Percival Molson Memorial Stadium. charges in May 2013.

Surprise and disappointment The Sexual Assault Centre of the McGill Studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Society (SACOMSS) expressed disappointment at the news of Sheriffâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hiring. â&#x20AC;&#x153;SACOMSS was surprised and dismayed to learn that one of the people involved in this case continued to be employed by McGill and acting as a University representative late into this summer,â&#x20AC;? read a statement released by the organization.

SACOMSS also urged the administration to review its hiring policies, and called for the creation of a sexual assault policy at McGill, â&#x20AC;&#x153;which would assist in navigating areas such as University employment.â&#x20AC;? â&#x20AC;&#x153;It is clear that much work needs to be done on and off campus for McGill to be a safer space for survivors of sexual assault,â&#x20AC;? SACOMSS concluded.

SACOMSSâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; comments followed a statement released by Masi on behalf of the administration on July 23, in which Masi condemned the hiring of Sheriff at the universityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s sports camp and implied that it likely occurred due to an error by the Athletics department. Masi claimed that,

as of that evening, Sheriff was no longer working at the sports camp.

He also asserted that Sheriff would not be returning to the Athletics department or to McGill â&#x20AC;&#x201C; which would have been unlikely in any case, as Sheriff graduated from McGillâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Economics program in May. Masi told CBC that he had found out about Sheriffâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s employment at the camp only after reading its article on the subject, published earlier that day.

In an interview with The Daily, Dean of Students Andre Costopoulos was unable to confirm whether Sheriff had been fired or had quit.

Indeed, all he added to Masiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s statement was that an ad-hoc committee had been formed to review the situation. â&#x20AC;&#x153;The mandate of the committee will be to look into this particular incident and to look at policies and procedures more broadly,â&#x20AC;? explained Costopoulos. The committeeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s terms of reference have been established, though it has yet to release any reports.

A full version of the statement from SACOMSS accompanies this article on The Dailyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s website.

Mathias Heilke | The McGill Daily

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News

September 2, 2014 The McGill Daily | www.mcgilldaily.com

McGill to review research conduct regulations amid military research controversy University criticized for lack of transparency Janna Bryson The McGill Daily

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n July 29, Students’ Society of McGill University (SSMU) VP University Affairs Claire Stewart-Kanigan released a statement announcing that McGill’s Regulation on the Conduct of Research will undergo review in the 2014-15 academic year. This information was released alongside a callout for reactions to an open letter written by McGill Engineering student Ghalia Elkerdi to Hannah Michalska, a professor at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, alleging that the military applications of Michalska’s research were contributing to the recent violence in Gaza. The impending review was first announced by Principal Suzanne Fortier during a Board of Governors meeting on April 29.

Stewart-Kanigan prompted students to send their thoughts on the letter to Michalska; Rose Goldstein, McGill’s Vice-Principal (Research and International Relations); Wagdi Habashi, the director of the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Laboratory; and Inna Sharf, leader of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles research group. These researchers have all been criticized by Demilitarize McGill, a campus group that opposes military research at the university, for the alleged military applications of their research.

As of August 6, Michalska had received a few responses from students; Goldstein and Sharf had received none. Habashi could not be reached for comment.

Last reviewed in 2010, the Regulation is a year late for its scheduled triennial update. The review, to be led by Goldstein, will be conducted by an eightperson committee, which will include Stewart-Kanigan as the SSMU representative, one Post-Graduate Students’ Society (PGSS) representative, three academic staff to be chosen by a Senate nominating committee, and three representatives appointed respectively by Provost Anthony Masi, Goldstein, and Dean of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies Martin Kreiswirth.

The full committee membership will be made public in September

The James Administration building. after it is approved by Senate.

Stewart-Kanigan told The Daily that it is important for students to voice their opinions to committee representatives during the review process. “I’ll be pushing from inside of the committee to hold a genuine consultation process and to have a lot of open sessions for students to voice their concerns,” she said. “It makes student representatives a much stronger part of a committee if they can bring forward concrete student testimony that indicates a particular position or a particular opinion.”

Mona Luxion, a member of Demilitarize McGill and a former Daily columnist, was not optimistic about the impact of the impending review. “[M]ilitary research and collaboration is embedded in McGill’s working model,” Luxion told The Daily in an email. “The University’s commitment to seeking out private funding to sustain its grossly overinflated budget means it will be near impossible to implement any real constraints on research that draws in money even if it destroys lives.”

Stewart-Kanigan emphasized that the University must make more information available to the McGill community if it wants to

facilitate meaningful consultation. “The University needs to be upfront about what the research practices look like right now, because a lot of that [information] is withheld from students,” she said.

In March, the University released heavily redacted documents – requested by Demilitarize McGill under the Access to Information Act – that revealed a connection between McGill and military manufacturer Lockheed Martin via the CFD Laboratory, and linked campus drone research to the Canadian Department of National Defence.

The University had been fighting the requests in court for a year, but settled the suit in January.

Elkerdi’s letter, published in July and referenced in StewartKanigan’s announcement, argues that Section 2.01 of Quebec’s Code of ethics of engineers requires researchers to take responsibility for the applications of their research.

The Code states that “the engineer must [...] take into account the consequences of the performance of [their] work on the environment and on the life, health and property of every person.”

Michalska questioned some of Elkerdi’s assertions in an email to The Daily. “I do wish the author

Molly Korab | The McGill Daily had contacted me before writing her post. [...] I do not object to people holding opinions different than my own, but what is most important is that we examine these complex issues as evenly and dispassionately as possible, so that we can avoid exaggerations and extrapolations that don’t hold up once the facts are known.”

“[W]hen research is done for the military or in partnership with defence contractors, it’s sticking one’s head in the sand to claim ignorance about the end use of that work.”

Mona Luxion Demilitarize McGill member In an email to The Daily, Sharf

defended her own research as well as Michalska’s. “Researchers in universities do a wide range of work with [a] multitude of possible applications. Anyone’s work, being published in open literature, can be put to a variety of means,” Sharf said. “It is people who begin wars, not weapons nor the underlying technologies.”

Goldstein told The Daily that, because research becomes publicly available, it can be difficult to predict how it will be used.

However, she emphasized that concerns over research applications are being heard. “[The Elkerdi] piece and other issues that have been raised are issues that we take seriously. We are going to be looking at these topics in the review process.”

Luxion maintained that researchers do hold some responsibility for the applications of their work. “[W]hen research is done for the military or in partnership with defence contractors, it’s sticking one’s head in the sand to claim ignorance about the end use of that work,” they wrote.

An earlier version of this article appeared on The Daily’s website on August 6.

On

Thursday, September 18

The staff of

The McGill Daily

will elect the rest of

the 2014-2015 editorial board Because we hope you’re interested in joining the non-hierarchical team, here’s a quick intro guide on how to become a Daily editor, how the election process works, and how to get in touch with us.

the basics

becoming staff To be staff, you must have contributed six points.

Articles, photos, graphics, and illustrations count as one point each. Writing a feature or coming in for a production night counts as two points. If you’re not staff yet, there’s time before the election, so email an editor to get involved!

Unlike many student newspapers, our editors are elected by Daily staffers rather than hired by committee. To run for an editorial position or to vote in the election, you must be Daily staff.

the positions the editors

Twenty editors share equal voting rights on issues, and work together to produce the newspaper every week. Each editor receives a small monthly honorarium.

Commentary & Compendium!

Culture Multimedia X 2 Web Community

For more information on individual positions, contact specific section editors (emails can be found on page 23 of this issue). You can also stop by The Daily’s office in Shatner B-24.

candidate statement

candidate rundown

election

September

September

September

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Submit a one-page application to coordinating @mcgilldaily.com.

All staffers who want to vote in the election must attend rundowns in Shatner B-24.

Candidates will interview in front of all voters at the election in Shatner B-24.

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deadlines The Daily requires all candidates to submit a one-page application, including your qualifications and interest in running, as well as two samples of writing, photos, illustrations, or design.

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Commentary

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

10

A statement of solidarity

McGill Law students write letter in support of Gaza

Flags flying at a pro-Gaza rally in Montreal.

T

he following letter was written by a group of gravely concerned students of the Faculty of Law at McGill University while the violence being committed against Palestinians in Gaza by the Israeli military continued unabated.

We write this letter on behalf of ourselves and others in the legal community in Canada who wish to express concern and disgust regarding the Israeli assault on Gaza and the Palestinian people. We write this letter in recognition that while the legal community in Canada is diverse, it can unite over common cause and exert influence.

We write this letter in recognition that this is a time to ground abstract legal principles in reality. We write this letter in recognition that there can be no meaningful peace without justice. It follows that a commitment to achieving justice is a commitment to achieving justice everywhere. We emphasize that a sense of justice is informed by a sense of shared humanity.

We believe that the legal community in Canada must take a united stance, and echo these statements loud and clear. Lawyers and legal experts across the world have noted that Israel has failed to demonstrate that the overwhelming use of force is connected to reducing risks of Israel

being attacked by Hamas. Richard Falk, an international law professor emeritus at Princeton University and former United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Occupied Palestinian Territories, has stated that, “you can’t pursue these military objectives by these means in a way that is compatible with international humanitarian law.” He continued, “[t]he whole mission is one that is legally flawed. The civilian character of Gaza is so overwhelmingly a part of this reality.”

While both Hamas and Israel have been accused of war crimes, false equivalences must be avoided. “Israel’s crimes are so powerfully overwhelming, and the disparity in the casualties seems to be a pretty good indicator of the disparity of accountability,” said Falk. “And not only the numbers of killed, wounded, and traumatized but also the nature of who’s dying.

55 of the 58 Israelis killed have been military personnel. You have not only a quantitative disparity but also a qualitative disparity.”

John Dugard, former United Nations Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in the Palestinian Territories and an international law professor emeritus at the University of Leiden in the Netherlands, said in an interview, “[G]iven the fact that Gaza is an occupied territory, it means that Israel’s present

Emmet Livingstone | The McGill Daily assault is simply a way of enforcing the continuation of the occupation [...] the response of the Palestinian militants should be seen as the response of an occupied people that wishes to resist the occupation.”

Meanwhile, Prime Minister Stephen Harper, leaders of other major Canadian political parties, and certain Canadian politicians continue to express their unyielding support for Israel. Harper has done what is in his power to deny the Palestinians their right to selfdetermination, demonstrating a complete disrespect for international law.

Moreover, many of our institutions, including McGill, hold partnerships with Israeli institutions that are directly complicit in the occupation of the Palestinian people. A committment to human rights means that they must be held accountable when their actions do not accord with their stated objectives. We strongly oppose this institutional complicity, and demand that our institutions take responsibility for their actions.

The rejection of a logic that justifies mass civilian deaths and destruction does not require a legal background. Gaza is largely comprised of displaced Palestinians from surrounding areas that have been subsumed under what is now Israel. In fact, 80 per cent of Gaza’s population are refugees.

A belief in rights for refugees should translate into a belief in the rights of Palestinians to basic necessities, such as food, clean water, healthcare, and education.

The realization of these rights cannot happen as long as Gaza is under siege and as long as Israel continues to oppress and control the Palestinian people.

Attacks against Palestinians in the occupied West Bank by Israel are routine, amounting to the collective punishment of Palestinian civilians. Gaza’s civilians are trapped in the Gaza Strip, which is often termed an open-air prison.

Even if they tried to flee they have nowhere to seek refuge. According to a World Health Organization report published in 2012, the Gaza Strip will be uninhabitable by 2020 – the recent violence has only accelerated this process.

As one example, Israel’s Hebrew University recently published a notice announcing a collection of goods to be sent to Israel Defence Force soldiers in support of their efforts in the bombardment of Gaza. This notice was signed by the university, its academic staff committee, and its official student union. Yet, the Faculty of Law at McGill has had a partnership with the Hebrew University for a yearly summer program, one among several ongoing collaborations between McGill

and an institution directly implicated in Israeli violence. These are facts upon which many Canadian law schools pride themselves.

We, the undersigned, condemn the senseless killing of innocent civilians, including children. We condemn the destruction of vital civilian infrastructure such as hospitals, healthcare centres, mosques, schools, and Gaza’s only power plant. We condemn Israel’s prolonged illegal occupation of Palestine. We wish to reiterate the International Court of Justice finding that the West Bank is illegally occupied, meaning that Israel is acting contrary to international law when it enters the West Bank and builds illegal settlements.

If justice is truly blind, we contend that a sincere belief in equal rights for all must translate to a desire for Palestinians to live a life of peace and dignity. To stand in solidarity with Palestinians does not amount to an attack on Israel, or its citizens. It amounts to a recognition that Palestinians are no less deserving of basic necessities, dignity, and peace than their neighbours. It is a recognition of their humanity.

This is an edited version of an open letter written by a group of concerned McGill Law students. For a full list of signatories, please visit www.mcgilldaily.com.

Commentary

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

11

On police brutality and anti-Black racism Ripple effects from Ferguson to Montreal

rosalind hampton The McGill Daily

O

n the afternoon of August 9 in Ferguson, Missouri, police officer Darren Wilson shot and killed Michael Brown, an unarmed Black teenager. Witnesses report that when Wilson began shooting, the 18-year-old Brown ran away and was shot; he then stopped running and faced Wilson with his hands raised and stated, “I don’t have a gun, stop shooting!”

According to witnesses, Wilson then shot several more times and killed Michael Brown. According to a report in the New Yorker, “Wilson did not immediately call the shooting in or try to resuscitate Brown, and no E.M.T.s rushed him to the hospital.” Brown’s dead body was left lying in the street for several hours. The killing sparked days of protests and violent confrontations with police. A media circus ensued, as journalists descended on Ferguson to record this latest spectacle of police violence, and Black pain and rage.

Many people were shocked by the militarized force used by police and by scenes of violent street fighting in Ferguson that many Americans and Canadians associate with far-away war zones. This is North America, not Cairo or Gaza. Of course, such comments ignore hundreds of years of brutal state violence against Black and Indigenous people in Canada and the U.S., as well as the violence that is and always has been directed at the poor, or at any resistance posing a threat to the current social order and racial hierarchy.

Less than a week before Brown was killed, police in Ohio shot death 22-year-old John Crawford to death in a Walmart after a shopper called 911, reporting a man in the store with a gun who might “rob the place” or “shoot somebody.” Crawford was on the telephone with the mother of his children, LeeCee Johnson, at the time. He had picked up a toy rifle, the butt of which he was reportedly leaning on when police arrived. His last words were “it’s not real,” before he was shot and killed by the police.

Johnson reported, “I could hear him just crying and screaming. I feel like they shot him down like he was not even human.”

In July, Eric Garner was choked to death by a New York City Police Department (NYPD) officer. The 43-year-old father of six was ac-

“Hands up, don’t shoot” at a Ferguson solidarity vigil in Montreal. cused by police of allegedly selling loose cigarettes, and was illegally placed in a chokehold by one of the officers. Cellphone footage of the incident led to widespread awareness of the case, and the chance to hear the final utterances of an asthmatic man pleading for his life: “I can’t breathe, I can’t breathe, I can’t breathe!”

The constant scripting of Black people as always-already criminal and/or pathological has profound consequences in our daily interactions.

Videos that document police violence and abuses of power – particularly directed at Black, mentally ill, and poor people – constantly

circulate. This violence is normalized to the extent that when someone whose identities place them in multiple groups is killed – someone who is Black and poor, or Black and mentally ill – many are inclined to view their death as inevitable.

An example of this tendency was the police killing on August 19 of a second Black man, 25-year-old Kajieme Powell, not far from Ferguson. Captured in full on a cellphone video, some assessed the situation as “suicide by cops.”

This explanation requires that we accept unnecessarily lethal police violence as predictable and normal. It requires projecting a desire to die onto a victim of police violence based on behaviour that may be attributable to any number of things, including mental illness or the experience of systemic oppression. In many places, it is not legally permissible to assist another person in ending their life under even what some would argue are the most humane of conditions. Although reported to have been carrying a knife, Powell did not appear to pose an immediate and potentially deadly threat to anyone else’s life.

Neither did Alain Magloire, a Black man in the throes of a mental health crisis who was wielding a hammer

Molly Korab | The McGill Daily

when Montreal police gunned him down last February.

A Black youth in Montreal recently shared a video on his Facebook page featuring a Black woman in a small store, chanting down an employee with dramatic religious fervour. The video was posted in July 2011, has 3,200 likes and 5,200 comments, and has been shared on Facebook over 83,000 times.

Recent commenters on the video found it hilarious, speculating that the woman was “crazy,” on crack or some other drug, practicing voodoo, and/or creating a distraction to cover up shoplifting. Some described the video as “sad,” and the woman as needing help. A white woman apparently from one of Montreal’s ethno-racially diverse neighbourhoods commented, “Awww..I see these characters every day in Cote des Neiges...lol [sic].” The most recent comment was by someone whose Facebook account identifies them as the head coach of a youth soccer program in Dallas, Texas. He wrote: “Shoot it with a tranquilizer gun to get some rest.”

I was struck by how typical these comments are as people consume a range of spectacles of Black difference, performance, suffering, and rage alike. The constant script-

ing of Black people as always-already criminal and/or pathological has profound consequences in our daily interactions. Contrary to what mainstream Canadian historical narratives would have us believe, colonialism and the enslavement of Black and Indigenous peoples are very much a part of this country’s histories, and continue to shape social relations today. For this to change we need to recognize and challenge white supremacy and norms of respectability that continue to suggest that some lives are worth more than others.

Before they were killed, what was the value placed on the lives of Mike Brown, Kajieme Powell, and Trayvon Martin in our societies? What were the lives of Fredy Villanueva, Alain Magloire, Farshad Mohammadi, and Mohamed Anas Bennis worth? What about the lives of thousands of missing and murdered Indigenous women in Canada? We can and must recognize one another’s humanity, identify with one another, and build stronger movements through working in solidarity across our differences. rosalind hampton is a PhD candidate in Educational Studies. To contact the writer, please email commentary@mcgilldaily.com.

12

Commentary

September 2, 2014 The McGill Daily | www.mcgilldaily.com

Shut the gates How resistance to the Northern Gateway pipeline is working marcello ferrara The McGill Daily

A

fter four years of discussion and intense opposition, on June 17, the federal government approved the Northern Gateway pipeline, a link between the Alberta oil sands and the coast of British Columbia (B.C.) that is intended to improve shipping access to China. Developed

by Enbridge Inc., a Canadian pipeline company, the $7 billion endeavor is projected to produce $300 billion of Canada’s GDP over the next 30 years.

Dissenters point to the risk of a spill in some of Canada’s most cherished and fragile natural landscapes, but a federal Joint Review Panel approved the pipeline with 209 conditions. In no time, over 300 scientists from a wide range of disciplines signed a letter criticizing the scientific accuracy of the report.

The section on risk-benefit analysis, they write, focuses on the economic benefits of global markets, but ignores the global effects of greenhouse gas emissions. When judging the scientific rigour of the Panel, the scientists declared that it failed the “justification, transparency, and intelligibility” required of an administrative tribunal.

“The panel […] spent hundreds of hours listening to Canadians and gathering evidence,” responded a spokesperson for the National Energy Board, speaking to the Toronto Star. “[The Panel’s findings were] based on science and fact.” However, hundreds of world-class researchers disagree. For all the talk of listening to Canadians, the federal government has had its ears clogged. The question remains: to which Canadians have they been listening? Certainly not Indigenous communities.

Less than a month after the Panel’s findings were criticized, several of B.C.’s First Nations communities launched nine court challenges to block Enbridge’s pipeline. Ellis Ross, chief councillor of the Haisla nation, announced at a Vancouver press conference that the federal government had failed to consult with First Nations communities. “That day and age of us being ignored is over,” Ellis Ross said. “This is a tremendous waste of taxpayers’ money when we are all trying to build an economy.”

This is a familiar narrative: a crude oil corporation makes demands and the government rolls over. But something extraordinary happened: people are standing up to stop it.

Formed to combat the deforestation of their region, the Coastal First Nations is an alliance of Indigenous communities in B.C. dedicated to

Jasmine Wang | The McGill Daily protecting their environment. And they’ve resisted the political pressure and financial kickbacks often used by the U.S. oil industry, namely by challenging projects in court, and winning.

This year, the Supreme Court of Canada supported Indigenous land titles and rights, including territories where land claims are not subject to treaties. Indigenous communities may now have de facto veto right over anything to do with their territorial lands.

“We’re serious about our economy,” Art Sterritt, a representative for the Coastal First Nations, told InsideClimate News. “We want to make sure that it’s self-sufficient based on what’s there, and that it doesn’t harm the environment – so it lasts forever.”

For Indigenous communities in the area affected by the Northern Gateway proposal, their livelihood is linked to the land’s health. For the past 15 years, Indigenous groups have invested nearly half a billion dollars to achieve a sustainable economy.

One oil spill and thirty-thousand jobs are gone.

For the entirety of its development, Enbridge has touted its pipelines as state of the art, and he said that in the “unlikely” event of a spill, it would mobilize “world-class” solutions. Sterritt and other members of the Coastal First Nations who visited Enbridge spill sites in Alaska, Michigan, and Mexico poked holes through their slick PR. “[Deepwater Horizon] was the biggest oil spill cleanup in history,”

Sterritt reported, “and they couldn’t clean it up. That was the death knell for the Northern Gateway for us.”

And the “world-class” solution for a spill? The chemical dispersant Corexit, currently banned from marine use by the Department of Fisheries and Oceans. Upon visiting the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on the Gulf of Mexico four years ago, Sterritt and others noted how “the chemical residue from the dispersant continues to affect marine life in the Gulf of Mexico.”

The pleas from Enbridge and the Conservative government to the First Nations communities of B.C. are rank hypocrisy. With an already checkered history, the federal government continues with its proud parliamentary tradition of messing Indigenous communities around with ineffectual policies. With the Northern Gateway, the statement to Indigenous groups from the federal government cannot be clearer: we will support your people, but only if we stand to benefit.

This political hypocrisy is business as usual, but this time Canadians are tuned in. A recent focus group study carried out by the Department of Finance Canada suggests key government policies, including the Northern Gateway, are not supported

by Canadians. The report states that “[t]here is little enthusiasm for the [Northern Gateway] project, even among supporters.”

This is a backlash neither the

Conservatives nor Enbridge expected. But ‘backlash’ does not capture the situation; what neither the government nor Enbridge anticipated was that so many would care, or be aware of their actions.

Okay, you say, so the pipeline is an extreme environmental risk, threatening the future of our coastal marine life and the planet at-large, not to mention jeopardizing the livelihood and future of Indigenous peoples, but what about all the money we stand to make?

Well, there’s evidence it might actually cost us jobs. Over the past several years, 627,000 manufacturing jobs have been lost in Ontario and Quebec.

The economic arguments for the pipeline are undercut by a suspicious lack of specifics – which Canadians will benefit from the oil? Certainly not the First Nations communities of B.C., nor the working class of Quebec and Ontario.

Many now think that this project is not going ahead. “To survive,” Jeffrey Simpson writes, “the Gateway pipeline would have to push past the growing opposition of British Columbians in general [...] the unanimous opposition from at least some of the [A] boriginal groups along the route and, if all this were not enough, the likelihood of prolonged court battles.” He continues, “why should B.C. take most of the environmental risks for so little actual gain?”

And why should they? In 2012, the Minister of Natural Resources Joe Oli-

ver wrote an open letter to Canadians.

The contents of the letter include typical buzzwords (“diversify our energy markets”), coupled with a curious use of radical language, as he thunderously calls for us to change the “status quo” of our oil production.

“Unfortunately,” Oliver laments, “there are environmental and other radical groups that would seek to block this opportunity to diversify our trade.” Yes, people who are concerned about the environment, scientists, and First Nations communities – all radicals.

But what Oliver doesn’t understand, and what we might take heart in, is that nothing radical occurred. People stood up for their rights in a court of law, and won. “It is a good thing, not a bad thing, that such vast enterprises can no longer simply plough ahead with a prime minister’s nod,” writes Andrew Coyne, political columnist for the National Post.

“Even if this pipeline does not go through, there will be another proposal of the same magnitude appear somewhere else,” Lee Brain, son of an oil executive, testified in front of the Joint Review Panel. “And this will go on and on, until we either address the fundamental root of the issue – or face the slow decline of our civilization.”

Marcello Ferrara is a Geography student. To contact the writer, email commentary@mcgilldaily.com

The Disorientation Guide 2014

2

DISORIENTATION GUIDE

FIGHTING THE GOOD FIGHT

Get involved with activist groups on campus

No matter which faculty youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re in, one of the most valuable parts of your university education will be what you do outside of the classroom. The vast number of clubs and organizations at McGill give you an incredible opportunity to explore your interests on your own terms.

Getting involved can also be a fun way to meet people from a diverse variety of backgrounds, as well as a valuable way to contribute to the Montreal and McGill communities. If youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re new and want to broaden your horizons this year, here are a few ideas for organizations doing great work in the community near you.

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DISORIENTATION GUIDE

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4

DISORIENTATION GUIDE

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15

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DISORIENTATION GUIDE

5

LEGEND Restaurant

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6

DISORIENTATION GUIDE

UNIONS AT McGILL Unions have a very active history at McGill, and one relevant to many students. Unionized employees at McGill include the floor fellows who mentor first years, the invigilators who facilitate student exams, the graduate students employed by McGill, and the support staff who keep campus running, among many others. From bargaining units certified in 1978 to some as recently as a few months ago, the universityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s union landscape is always shifting.

AGSEM â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Teaching Assistants and Invigilators

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DISORIENTATION GUIDE

7

THE PEOPLE BEHIND THE CURTAIN: GOVERNANCE AT McGILL PGSS

Board of Governors

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Student governance

Administration

8

DISORIENTATION GUIDE

UR EAL YO TR THE N R G N O FO TE I V M NS LE O IN TIO TH M Y P TA D SE O TAN BO CI UC R EL E EX R

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University is stressful, and hey – sometimes the grind of spending long hours in the library can leave you craving some exercise. If walking down the yellow brick road doesn’t do the trick for you, there are many other options on and around campus for physical activities.

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How to get around montreal, making sense of quebec politics, alt media recommendations, and more!

Features

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

13

!"#$%&'"()*+' ,-./0!"#1234'56'67890:3;7'3<='>2?'4256' @A7645B<'C3447;6

!"#$$%&'()'*#+#%&&%'!,-. /--01$",$#2&1'()'3-#4%'56%& elf-care is a concept some may consider straightforward in both its meaning and its execution. With prescriptive lists online that detail how to eat, sleep, and exercise for as body maintenance, it’s easy to miss self-care’s inherent gravity, and its power to shape our experiences. This sentiment was captured in Audre Lorde’s statement: “Caring for myself is not self-indulgence, it is self-preservation, and that is an act of political warfare.”

Acts of self-care could be reactionary.

The need to practice self-care can come from day-to-day stresses and challenges, which are compounded by institutional barriers. They can also but they are linked to broader oppressions and violences. On the other hand, practicing self-care can occur in anticipation of these challenges, from a place of healing and restoration. Intention-

,

ally or not, the ways in which we choose to practice self-care, and even the reasons why we care for ourselves, are closely linked with our privilege and our identity.

“Self-care” is a topic that I’ve heard more and more of, mainly in the context of community work, but increasingly from mental health awareness campaigns. I’ve struggled to put my finger on exactly how to consistently practice self-care in my own life, so I began to ask myself, why is it so important to so many people? Why has it become almost intuitive to do the objectively counter-intuitive – to work to the point of burnout, rather than being satisfied with the moment?

I decided to start by finding out where the idea of self-care originated. The term during the 1970s to describe a person filling their own basic needs like bathing and eating. Then in the 1980s, the term emerged

14

Features

September 2, 2014 The McGill Daily | www.mcgilldaily.com

in a new context as Lorde drew parallels between self-care, self-preservation, identity, and politics.

Widely used across campuses as a tool to increase student engagement around mental health (sometimes using material incentives), self-care has become quite trendy in recent years. For example, in February, Healthy McGill launched its 14-day #SelfCareChallenge to “raise awareness and to get you thinking about self-care and potentially doing it.” The #SelfCareChallenge offered prizes for participants who completed the challenge and posted their acts of selfcare on social media. This campaign is one of many examples of how self-care has been co-opted from the medical and activist silos into a context of institutional learning, and ultimately capitalist rhetoric. #100HappyDays has also become a pervasive trend across social media platforms, with the tagline “You don’t have time for this, right?” The campaign’s about page asserts that “the ability to appreciate the moment, the environment and yourself in it, is the base for the bridge toward long-term happiness of any human being.” In this sense, the authenticity of being present and mindful is cast aside in favour garnering online reception.

So, what does self-care mean today, given these repeated appropriations? The scope of the word “self-care” as it is used today has become broader and much more nuanced than it was initially, involving physical, mental, and interpersonal dimensions.

What is self-care?

Ashley Tritt, a science student at McGill and a Project HEAL Canada Chapter coleader, defines self-care as “anything that makes a person feel they are taking care of themselves [and also] anything that improves your stress level or makes you feel better.” So, self-care could be anything, so long as the person doing the self-care con-

siders it so. Some consider sleep and eating ice-cream as self-care, while others go running, have sex, or see their friends.

So what makes self-care different from these everyday activities that many people do anyway?

One key difference lies in mindfulness.

Parneet Chohan, founder of the Radical Mental Health Workers Collective, elaborates. “[The role mindfulness plays] is huge. I feel like when we think about selfcare, we think about these very elaborate, crafty exercises we have to do, whereas mindfulness just allows the moment, even it’s two minutes, to be reclaimed by the person experiencing that. Self-care can be just when you’re in the shower doing nothing, but being grateful and appreciative that you’re having a shower, appreciating your body, being in the moment, and receiving that care. If you’re drinking a coffee, just being mindful and aware that that’s what you’re doing.”

Niamh Leonard, chair of this fall’s Students in Mind conference at McGill, says, “I think that for me [self-care] comes down to awareness; awareness of your boundaries, like where your limits are, what you feel comfortable with [and] what you don’t, and being able to respect those. It comes from being aware of your own emotions – or at least trying to be – and recognizing when you’re overwhelmed or recognizing when you feel alone or sad or impatient or annoyed. [Self-care is] trying to be aware of those things so that you can react.”

“I think that’s the first step. It’s really hard to take care of yourself when you’re not aware of those things,” said Leonard. The link between self-care and mindfulness is one often overlooked, though it is an underlying principle of many self-care practices.

Entwined with mindfulness is intention.

Taking care and remaining mindful of one’s capacities is more important than fitting into ideals. “I think if you pay attention to how other people define self-care, you can start

doing things that aren’t suited just for you.

In that sense you can be self-cared-out, not that you’re trying too hard, but that you’re not trying in a way that’s a fit or appropriate for yourself,” describes Phil Leger, Chair of the Peer Support Network at McGill.

Initiatives like #SelfCareChallenge demonstrate this dilemma by providing predetermined challenges and even more demonstrates the idea of pre-determining someone else’s self-care by encouraging posting on social media. Even though a variety of selfcare options were laid out by the challenge, tasks were still ultimately tailored to to particular identities, and particular privileges.

The intersection of identities who may have time commitments and disposable income, limit the accessibility of the entire Challenge – this problem is inherent to any form of self-care suggestion. Furthermore, the sense of surveillance that comes with publicizing on social media adds to the challenge of authentically caring for the self and by the self. It must be noted, however, that the #SelfCareChallenge was unprecedented in its reach, its popularity, and its power in opening a dialogue on self-care.

Self-care can be a proactive choice, as in to stave off an impending burnout, or it can be reactive, in response to feelings of overwhelm and intense, prolonged stress or triggers.

“I would see self-care as maintenance,” says Leonard. “Life is very cyclical, things go well and things don’t go well, and if you have a good routine and habits that are “selfcare,” then I think it’s easier to push through difficult times.”

In this sense, practicing self-care is also about survival. We are encouraged to practice self-care as students to get through midterms and exams without burning out; we practice self-care as employees to stay motivated; we practice self-care as activists so that we can keep pouring our energy into the causes we want to survive. Practice self-

care becomes necessary when we push the boundaries of being more, doing more, and having more.

Self-care and interdependence We’ve seen that people practice selfcare for different reasons like maintenance and survival. Mindfulness and intention are important contributors to the depth and effectiveness of a self-care practice. But what happens when we move away from defining “self-care” and just think about the “self?”

Self-care obviously places emphasis on care of the self as an individual, but how to go about this may not be so obvious in practice.

Chohan explains, “I’d say that self-care is prioritizing yourself, prioritizing your personal wellness, and really creating a very integrated daily series of practices that can help sustain you whether it’s emotionally, physically, mentally, spiritually, whatever that looks like.”

Prioritizing oneself can be seen in several ways: as an inherently selfish act of gratification, as an act of martyrdom, or as an issue of survival. Prioritizing ourselves for the purpose of maintenance, however, so that we can continue to contribute to a cause, or continue in our roles as productive members of society, can be seen as the opposite: an act of martyrdom. At the very least, continuing to participate in the cycle of work and consumption is seen as successful.

Furthermore, it’s interesting to look at which parts of our selves we are prioritizing. For instance, SCAR, a self-care blog, outlines the “BACE method” of self-care, in which a person checks in with themselves in the following areas: body care, achievement, connecting with others, and enjoyment.

While self-care in the first two areas of body care and achievement are in many ways reinforced by societal norms surrounding hygiene, physique, and occupation (among others), far less emphasis is placed on the latter two.

Features

Notably placed last in the acronym is enjoyment, which may have little space after body care, achievement, and connecting with others. To requote #100HappyDays: “You don’t have time for this, right?”

Self-care is an individualized process.

While we’re recognized as individuals, we still function and communities. So when we talk about self-care, the self we refer to can encompass our families and our communities, in addition to our “selves”.

Another conception of self-care sheds light on practicing self-care at a level that’s greater than the individual. Kai Cheng Thom, a columnist at The Daily and cofounder of Monster Academy, a free mental health workshop series, describes self-care as “learning to care about oneself, to really love oneself in ways that are not necessarily always pleasurable, but also challenging and transformative.”

They continue, “Self-care is the willingness to extend one’s understanding of how to be healing, how to be restorative, how to be just, to oneself and to others. That means shifting one’s perspective from a capitalist and consumerist [one] of mental health and labour and the body toward an understanding of humans and bodies and minds as connected, as breakable, as fragile and in need of care; [one of ] all bodies in need of care.”

This definition of self-care highlights compassion that starts within and reaches out to embrace others. In this we acknowledge our vulnerability and our interdependence and can come to the essence of “care.”

This is interpersonal self-care, which can mean finding support and meaning in relationships, but also setting boundaries and learning when to say no. “People coming in for support, that’s a form of self-care.

Maybe what they need is just to talk to somebody about something and in that way they’re caring for themselves,” says Leger.

Peer support is also about validation,

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

explains Chohan. “We need other people that validate our existence at the core.

Regardless of whether you identify as belonging to a marginalized community or not, we need other people that validate our existence and that’s what peer support is.

That’s what sustainability in terms of community sustainability is – it’s having others to validate your existence.”

“When we do self-care, there is power in developing a stronger relationship with yourself, there is power in being able to do something that is good for you that nobody in the world knows you’re doing, but there’s also something very important to be said about [having] peers that understand, validate and legitimize your struggles.” Examples could be harm reduction support groups and spaces for people of colour. Validation of our experiences through peer support is empowering, healing, and totally an act of care.

Intersection of self-care and capitalism In so many respects, the areas of physical, emotional, and interpersonal self-care overlap. Self-care is self-defined but often constrained by social norms, by capitalism, and by consumerism. It is definitely about you but not just about you. But we still have to ask, why has this become so important in Western culture?

“Your mind can only do so much, your body can only do so much for so long without needing a rest,” says Tritt. What role do capitalism and productivity have in creating a need for self-care?

“I think what [self-care] would value in place of stress and productivity is a deeper rooted – not endurance, not security – but a deeper sense of ability to handle these things. Productivity is totally coherent with self-care,” says Leger. Indeed, at a certain point self-care becomes necessary for maintaining productivity.

In a capitalist society, immense value is

placed on efficiency and achievement, and we have a personal responsibility to maintain our contribution. “I think that self-care is definitely a Western term in terms of you being responsible for your own wellness, checking your energy levels, checking your motivation levels, checking your burnout levels,” says Chohan.

This productive mentality is so ingrained in our society that it can even become a barrier for self-care. Chohan describes, “[In] my self-care practice, in a way I’m almost tricking myself to make sure I do it, because I know that my mind isn’t always going to work for me. It’s going to convince me to do other things like work and basically burn myself out because I think that is a capitalist and a very real social script that we’ve all internalized to varying degrees.” Once we recognize how we care for different needs and different parts of our selves, it is important to also question and remain mindful of what motivates us to care for different aspects of ourselves.

Capitalism affects not only why we practice self-care, but how. “Capitalism has this way of smuggling in this sort of notion of productivity and so then self-care ends up being this thing that we have to sort of make into this elaborate grandiose thing. And it doesn’t have to, a lot of us don’t have time to practice self-care; we’re working three jobs, or taking care of children, or we don’t have the socioeconomic support to spend an evening off,” explains Chohan. Added to this, when self-care is confused with indulgence, an act of self-care often becomes an act of consumption that further perpetuates the cycle of spending and earning. We practice self-care in reaction to the pressure exerted on us by capitalism, and when we do prioritize ourselves we are further pressured to practice self-care in a way that supports the same system. What to do?

The answer lies, again, in mindfulness.

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“A lot of us don’t have time to practice self-care, and so how do we incorporate self-care into the real-world limitations we have? Mindfulness offers a beautiful answer to that because there are always moments in which we can appreciate life and we can appreciate our existence,” explains Chohan. Mindfulness is what allows us to define self-care on our own terms. It opens the door to a more radical version of self-care, where money and time are less powerful constraints on the power of our self-care.

The discussion of intention should also be applied to self-care. What is our intent when we practice self-care? To reach our financial, academic, or otherwise ambitious goals? Or is it simply about surviving? As Kai Cheng stated, “Self-care is not about any sort of greater goal, except to the person doing the self-care. I don’t think we need to think about it as sort of a new, aside goal but as a sort of process sort of meditation, creating individually on a daily basis for themselves. It can change, it can grow, it can go into a lot of different directions, but that’s the beauty of survival and selfcare. If we’re important enough to take care of ourselves and survive, we’re important enough also to decide what we want from our self-care process.”

And so we are back to where we started, with an iteration of the self-care definition that emphasizes its personal nature.

Awareness, mindfulness, and authenticity are all important things to consider in our self-care practices. Self-care is a process that requires continuous questioning of our needs and the needs of those around us, and repeated evaluation of how we are addressing those needs. Given this, it is important to also continue questioning self-care itself and why we are doing it if we want harmony between our politics and our actions. A self-care journey is one of a lifetime.

Sci+Tech

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

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The regulation complication Public health challenges in the growing e-cigarette market Sivakami Mylvaganam The McGill Daily

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recent report published by the Propel Centre for Population Health Impact at Waterloo University on smoking patterns and trends in Canada indicates an increase in smoking, especially among young adults above 20 years old. The increase marks a slowdown in the overall decline in smoking observed over the past decade. Although smoking tobacco has been strongly linked to coronary artery disease, several forms of cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), it remains for many people a tough habit to kick, with only 13 per cent of those who planned to abstain last year succeeding.

Enter e-cigarettes, also known as electronic cigarettes; batterypowered, reusable devices that mimic the use, and often appearance and taste, of conventional cigarettes. They do not contain tobacco, and only emit a nicotine vapour, often flavoured, instead of the smoke from tobacco combustion. Therefore, theoretically, they supply the user with nicotine while avoiding the toxic chemicals associated with conventional cigarettes.

E-cigarette companies have capitalized on the negativity surrounding conventional smoking, marketing themselves as a clean delivery device that satisfies nicotine cravings. Packages are covered with labels that say “Vapour – not smoke,” or “Less tar & more taste.”

And it has worked. ‘Vaping’ has been featured on pop-culture sensations like House of Cards. Vaping cafes are popping up across Canada and the globe. Given the current growth, Wells Fargo predicts that the retail sales value for e-cigarettes worldwide will surpass $10 billion by 2017. Bloomberg Industries has projected that e-cigarette sales will exceed those of traditional cigarettes by 2047.

This growth has largely been attributed to the growing popularity of e-cigarettes in a younger generation of users. Groups such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and Center for Disease Control and Prevention in the US (CDC) have expressed concern that these products will lead to more nicotine addiction in youth and serve as a gateway for nonsmokers to smoking tobacco. The

Carmen Fenech | The McGill Daily problem of youth nicotine addiction has thus been central to the regulation debate surrounding ecigarettes. Other major concerns include the fact that no long-term studies have been conducted to corroborate the claims that ecigarettes have helped people quit smoking, and that the health risks of inhaling propylene glycol – a liquid in the cartridge of most ecigarettes – remain unclear.

People are also concerned that these products will undermine hardwon progress in tobacco control such as workplace smoking bans. As big tobacco companies such as Lorillard and Altria enter the e-cigarette market, some express suspicion at what their long-term strategic goals may be. Are they recognizing that e-cigarettes are their future, or encouraging their use as a gateway product to cigarettes?

On August 26, the WHO called for strict regulation of ecigarettes, and called on governments to implement a ban on selling Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) to minors, and a ban on use indoors. The report

says, “The fact that ENDS exhaled aerosol contains on average lower levels of toxicants than the emissions from combusted tobacco does not mean that these levels are acceptable to involuntarily exposed bystanders.” The WHO also called for the restriction of e-cigarette advertising. Many worry that current campaigns romanticize smoking and make it appear as a normative and even desirable behaviour, paving the way for a new generation of smokers.

The sale of e-cigarettes is currently prohibited in Australia, Brazil, Mexico, Panama, Singapore, and Switzerland, and allowed in most others. Health Canada last issued guidelines for e-cigarette use in 2009, stating that the products had not yet been fully evaluated for “safety, quality and efficacy,” and that consumers should hold off on buying them until more information becomes available. Currently, e-cigarettes that claim health benefits and are intended for nicotine delivery are regulated under the Food and Drugs Act. Those that do not make

such claims are neither approved nor banned in Canada.

From a regulatory standpoint, it seems that the greatest difficulty lies in deciding how to classify ecigarettes. Should they be treated as tobacco products (even though they contain no tobacco), or medicines?

The Electronic Cigarette Trade Association of Canada does not think they can be classified as either, and should be treated separately. The group supports further study into the safety and regulation of these products, and the regulation of contaminants in the e-cigarette liquid.

Groups like the Canadian Lung Association (CLA) and Canadian Cancer Society (CCS) want to see much tougher federal policies on e-cigarettes in line with WHO and CDC recommendations. The CLA would like to see an all-out ban on e-cigarette sales until their safety is properly researched. The CCS has called for national bans on sale to minors and controls on e-cigarette advertising.

Where the federal government has been dragging its feet, provinces and municipalities look poised

to make changes soon. Nova Scotia plans to pass legislation to regulate e-cigarettes like tobacco. Similarly, in Quebec, Lucie Charlebois, the minister for Rehabilitation, Youth Protection and Public Health, wants to put e-cigarettes under Quebec’s Tobacco Act, and wants the same rules to apply to both ecigarettes and real cigarettes. It is likely that if they move ahead with regulations, other provinces will follow suit. Montreal Public Health has also called for more regulations, releasing five different recommendations for lawmakers; Toronto City Council is banning their use in city workplaces.

Given the lack of long-term scientific research on e-cigarettes, and their growing popularity, some legislative guidance on their production and consumption seems reasonable. It remains to be seen how the federal government will react, if it reacts at all, and who it will consult in developing its policy. In the meantime Canadians will have to decide for themselves whether ecigarettes are a solution or a key to Pandora’s box.

Sci+Tech

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

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A SURE way to spend your summer Undergraduate program a gateway to research

Tamim Sujat | The McGill Daily Vivian Weijia Shi Sci+Tech Writer

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very summer, undergraduate engineering students from all departments present the research they have undertaken as part of the Summer Undergraduate Research in Engineering (SURE) program. This 16-week summer research program offers students a paid research opportunity to do research and work closely with a professor. For students like myself, who sometimes find the realm of graduate study alien, SURE offered a great opportunity to explore current research paths in my field of materials engineering, as well as how my work in the classroom relates to industry.

I worked with a PhD student under the supervision of a professor, on the study of tribology, or fric-

tion and wear of surfaces.Specifically, the project looked at the impact that oxygen content in feedstock powder – a mixture of elemental powders – has on the sliding behaviour of copper coatings by measuring their friction, calculating the wear rate, and so on.

The work term kicked off with the preparation of samples. While this is an important way to learn the basics, it was, in all honesty, very repetitive and tedious work that required a lot of practice and patience.

Nevertheless, it was by no means trivial. In the project, sample preparation involved polishing materials like copper–molybdenum composite coatings. However, since the quality of polished samples played a significant role in my research, I ended up having to re-polish some of the samples to get better results.

Another crucial step in the project was literature review,

which allowed students and professors alike to get an understanding of the existing research.

When I started with experiments to collect data, the theories made very little sense to me, having taken only elementary material science courses. Swimming through a long list of papers on cold spray, tribology, nanoindentation, and copper coatings was difficult, but necessary.

A literature review involved different types of papers: those that were introductory or general, defining technical terms and providing reference for future studies, and those that focused on my specific research, the tribology of copper coatings. Reading through an extensive list of papers makes it possible to use observations and conclusions from past literature to predict future experimental results and make sense of observations made during

the experiment.

One invaluable thing the program taught me is that research is an autonomous learning process.

Instead of waiting for answers, you have to actively seek them out through reading, discussions with peers and supervisors, and independent thinking. The quest for answers also involves carefuly designed experiments that will fufill research goals, repeating them to get reliable data, and analysing the obtained data.

For me, the poster presentations were one of the highlights of the SURE program. Not only do these presentations test public speaking skills and the depth of your understanding of the project itself, but also teach you how to present both technical details and the general gist.

The event truly came together because of my peers’ passion for the

field, and the diversity in research in the multiple branches of engineering. However, there are some criticisms of SURE that I can offer.

Professors and graduate students should have been more prepared for the program; since my project wasn’t finalized until the end of June, I only had around a month to read, conduct experiments, obtain data, and prepare a presentation. Had the project started in May, as it should have, it would have provided me with much more time and peace of mind, and would have increased the quality of my data and conclusions.

Still, the program was a good experience that showed me how supportive graduate students and professors are at McGill. One graduate student, Lisa Lee, told me that one thing she likes about McGill is that people are always there to help. For my experience with SURE, this certainly rings true.

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Sports

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

18

Knocking out sexism in the gamer community Why gaming has to become more inclusionary

Marcello Ferrara and Drew Wolfson Bell The McGill Daily

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earthstone: Heroes of Warcraft is a digital trading card game based on Blizzard Entertainment’s massive multiplayer online role-playing game World of Warcraft – you may have heard about it. Many were looking forward to the Hearthstone tournament, where contestants from all over the world would compete for a $250,000 prize and the title of “Grandmaster of the Hearth” – that is, until the International e-Sports Federation (IeSF) refused to let women compete in the tournament alongside men. They didn’t even provide a female-only tournament, as they had done with two other games, Starcraft and Tekken.

The IeSF stated that “the decision to divide male and female competitions was made in accordance with international sports authorities as part of our effort to promote e-sports as a legitimate sport.” This statement was met with reactions from confusion to accusations of sexism. A day later an emergency session was called and the IeSF retracted its policy, allowing women to compete alongside men in tournaments for multiple video games including Dota 2, Starcraft II, Hearthstone, and Ultra Street Fighter.

It wasn’t until pressure was put on the IeSF that it abandoned it’s sexist policy. This misstep speaks more to the video game industry’s desire to mimic other sports. But for the fighting game community, unwelcoming and misogynistic scandals are abundant.

A toxic relationship with women is a recuring theme in the world of video games. The community’s sexism manifests in many ways, from the parade of game trailers featuring prominently white men, to the pandering to macho fantasies at the Electronic Entertainment Expo, to the constant humiliation of female developers, to the threatening of female academics involved in the field seemingly just because they are women.

Rightfully or not, video game culture is imagined as an escape from an alienating world. Gamer culture, as gaming journalist Bob Chipman argues, defines itself as “willingly separate from a larger and more powerful and infrequent-

Eleanor Milman | The McGill Daily ly threatening mainstream culture.”

The context of gamers breaking away from the mainstream should not absolve gamers of accountability, or excuse them of violence – yet this attitude is given power in the community, feeding into the exclusionary and violent atmosphere.

Two years ago, Capcom’s Cross Assault, a competitive gaming show centred around the release of Street Fighter 4, was marred by controversy when a leaked video showed competitive gamer and gaming coach Aris Bakhtanians sexually harassing his own teammate, Miranda “Super_Yan” Pakozdi. Bakhtanians filmed Pakozdi, his lens focusing below her neck and hips, asking her, repeatedly, to “stand up.”

“I have to have fun,” Bakhtanians quipped, continuing, until she left the room. The objectification of a female athlete’s body during competition is something that has happened countless times in the sports community, but what makes this case especially troubling is the blatant enjoyment the perpetrator derived without ever pausing to consider how harmful his actions were.

People were not happy. Jared Rea from twitch.tv interviewed

Bakhtanians, asking him such questions about whether it was unacceptable practice to use words such as “rape” when describing the defeat of an opponent, especially if that opponent was a woman. Bakhtanians responded by denouncing the criticism as an infringement on his freedom of speech, comparing the suggestion to self censor to living in North Korea.

After Rea asked: “Can I get my Street Fighter without sexual harassment?”, Bakhtanians responded by saying: “You can’t. You can’t because they’re one and the same thing. This is a community that’s, you know, 15 and 20 years old, and the sexual harassment is part of a culture, and if you remove that from the fighting game community, it’s not the fighting game community – it’s Starcraft.”

What puts into question the legitimacy of e-sports is not only segregated games, an issue that sports culture as a whole has grappled with, but more significantly these kinds of attitudes that openly accept and perpetuate rape culture as an immutable part of their community. The IeSF is trying to expand the market for e-sports, but when figures like Bakhtanians are ubiquitous, it is clear that it is an exclusionary league.

To address the outrage, Bakhtanians took to where all sincere and heartfelt apologies are given, Twitter: “When I made these statements,” he wrote, “I was very heated as I felt that the culture of a scene I have been part of for over 15 years was being threatened.”

Bakhtanians also reminisced on Twitter about the golden age of coin-fed arcade machines.

“People didn’t like newcomers [...] I think the sink-or-swim mentality is something that defined our culture.” Yet this culture also defines itself by being exclusive and violent; any glorification of the culture also glorifies this aspect of it.

However, the Bakhtanians case is not an isolated incident, as any gamer who has ever played a few rounds of matchmaking on Ghosts, or traded in EVE Online, can tell.

Bakhtanians is also not some obscure troll; he has a huge presence and fanbase. Without this fanbase, Bakhtanians would not have a platform to spew his sexist rhetoric. The fact that he still has this platform speaks to the sexist culture of video games. And this is no accident, but a deliberate move: Microsoft even recently capitalized on his popularity by having

him as a main presenter at its 2014 Gamescom keynote.

Despite constant harassment from Bakhtanians and other members of the community, people are taking a stand. Jackie Lee, semifinalist in the Magic: The Gathering Grand Prix Baltimore, endured anonymous insults from livestream viewers of her games simply for being a woman. Despite this, Lee ranks in the top 100 Magic players in the world. Lee explained that she had endured this sort of harassment before, that the comments did not personally bother her, and that she is in gaming “for the long haul.” She refuses to let the sexist nature of gaming culture win, but instead directly challenges it by doing what the sexist gamers hate the most: beating them at their own game, literally.

Hope lies not only in players like Jackie Lee, but in the conversations within the community. From Chipman’s web series episode With “Great Power,” to the increased visibility of inclusive gaming blog The Mary Sue, to Ross Lincoln’s Escapist Magazine article “Geeks Should Argue Politics,” opening up a discussion around these issues is the first step to creating a more inclusive gaming community.

Culture

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

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Passovah 2014 goes big but stays local The baby of Montreal festivals is growing into an indie powerhouse Naomi Endicott The McGill Daily

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his year’s Passovah music festival was an all too brief bacchanal of indie rock ‘n’ roll, showcasing many of the stars of Montreal’s homegrown music scene. By the time you read this, the festival will be long over, but in just four days it proved once again that Passovah Productions is a name to watch year-round.

Started and managed by Noah Bick, Passovah Productions is behind many of Montreal’s great independent music shows and groups.

In a nutshell, Bick describes the recent festival as “building off the Passovah model, which is a lot of pay-what-you-can shows, a lot of local bands we’ve been working with for years.” This year’s festival was bigger than ever, breaking away from previous moulds by featuring bigger bands at numerous venues and some ticketed shows. Still, Bick emphasizes, “The festival needs to be local – that’s what it is, and it needs to be a representation of the artists I’ve been working with over the last couple of years.”

Last year, the festival operated as a fundraiser for the Immigrant

Workers’ Centre. The size of this year’s festival and the number of bands playing spurred a change, as proceeds now go to those involved.

Passovah’s charity component manifests itself this year in a compilation of songs by 45 of the featured acts available as a pay-what-youcan playlist. 100 per cent of the proceeds go towards the Ange-Aimée Woods Memorial Bursary for journalism students at Concordia.

“It feels cool to not only compensate myself and compensate the bands, but to pay someone [...] to run the shows,” says Bick about this year’s differences. While Bick’s commitment to company growth may smack of selling out, Passovah remains committed to supporting and building relationships with local artists. The growth of the company and festival also means growth in Passovah’s ability to work with and promote Montreal artists.

As for the performances themselves, the short 20-minute sets from local favourites all packed a punch, and big names such as Suuns and PS I Love You impressed eager crowds. Passovah holds events all year, but Bick explains that “what separates the festival is

the density of acts – you’re getting 60 acts in four days.” The festival atmosphere was different from Passovah’s individual year-round events – this is of course unavoidable when a set list comprises up to ten performers rather than the regular three, and word of mouth brings crowds scurrying.

The biggest stand-outs? Hardto-Google band Country got the crowd up and dancing at Casa del Popolo on Thursday night, and Seoul calmed it back down with shimmery ambient beats that were worth the half-hour set-up time.

Divine candlelit outdoor sets from Charlotte Cornfield, James Irwin, and The Sin and the Swoon were the perfect soundtrack for a food truck dinner of a single giant meatball from Ô Soeurs Volantes. Each night was slick and well-managed, but still intimate, remaining accessible with mostly pay-what-you-can entry policies.

It would, however, be a mistake to declare that Passovah defines Montreal’s indie music scene – it is an anglophone company firmly based in an area known for its glut of former McGill and Concordia students from out of province. This

Pigeon Phat plays Piccolo Rialta. year’s festival featured comparatively few women performers, and dropped the all-women-frontedbands day that was a stand-out of last year’s festival. Instead, an event co-curated with monthly queer dance party Cousins aimed at diversifying the festival. Passovah operates within a context that is dominated by English-speaking white men, but its by-donation events and commitment to compensating artists for their work are steps forward for Montreal’s music scene.

Courtesy of jon yu

For newcomers to Montreal, Passovah is definitely a name to watch out for – check out a lamppost near you for the latest posters, or passovah.com for more reliable information.

The compilation playlist for the Ange-Aimée Memorial Bursary is available at http://www.villavillanola.com/store/releases/passovahsummer-festival-2014-compilation/ and you’d be hard pressed to find a better crash course in today’s Montreal bands.

Constellation Records is adding three new stars Sampler mixtape previews Montreal label’s upcoming fall releases Rosie Long Decter The McGill Daily

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ontreal music label Constellation Records has announced its fall releases.

Since its inception in 1997, the label has become a pillar of independent music-making in Montreal across rock, punk, and ambient genres, representing such anticorporate groups as Polaris Music Prize winners (and subsequent Polaris Music Prize denouncers) Godspeed You! Black Emperor.

Constellation’s releases have consistently challenged mainstream music with honesty and experimentation, and this fall’s lineup promises to be no exception.

The label is previewing its three upcoming releases with a sampler mixtape that features one song from each LP or EP. The first song on the mixtape is the debut of Last Ex, a new project from Simon Trottier and Olivier Fairfield, who also happen to make up half of the

Canadian quartet Timber Timbre.

While the two groups are far from identical, Last Ex makes sense as a side project: take away Timber Timbre’s bluesy vocals, add some more dissonant synths, and you’ll arrive at the eerie instrumental rock of Last Ex. The track featured on the sampler is taken from the 15-minutelong “Hotel Blues.” This excerpt is propelled by its syncopated percussion and sinister synth hook.

The ambient effect is captivating for the first three minutes, but the excerpt’s lacklustre conclusion leaves the impression that the song is somewhat directionless. That said, sometimes no direction can be the best way to go.

“Hotel Blues” swiftly transitions into a piece from another debuting band, this time the Montreal ‘supergroup’ Avec le soleil sortant de sa bouche. Avec le soleil’s members have a decade of experience in the Montreal experimental rock scene, as graduates from five other

local groups.

Their debut LP, Zubberdust, will feature two twenty-minute pieces, five minutes of which have been excerpted for the mixtape. The edited excerpt, “Face a l’instant (part 2),” takes the listener through several grooves in its first minute, evolving from funky off-beat bass drum, to relaxed half-time, to a steady drive.

The following four minutes layer various dreamy guitars and swirling synths over top of the steady bassline to create an almost dance-y trance.

The only outlier in the soundscape is the addition of vocals around the three-minute mark, where the harsher timbre of the male chorus feels a bit out of place. It’s hard to say whether the repetitiveness will be able to sustain an entire twenty-minute track, or forty-minute album, but so far the subtle variety in electronic overlays is enough to keep listeners hypnotized.

Closing the mixtape is a morerocky, less-ambient track than the

first two, from post-punk band Ought. Ought released their first LP this spring, More than Any Other Day, and has since gained popularity for their adrenaline-charged live shows and distinctly raw, yet crafted, sound.

The song on the sampler, “Pill,” is taken from their upcoming EP, Once More With Feeling.... The EP is a collection of songs that were actually written before the ones on Any Other Day – and, even in this sampler, it shows. Ought’s LP sounds like it came straight from the heart of New York in the early eighties.

“Pill,” on the other hand, is a ballad that misses some of that classic punk irony.

The poignant lyricism present on the LP is still there, however, and as far as ballads go, “Pill” manages to remain earnest without going over the top. If the sound on Once More is not as distinct as on Ought’s LP, the EP may be worth checking out just to experience another side of the band – particularly lead

singer Tim Beeler’s vocals, which are uncharacteristically and quite beautifully restrained on this track.

These groups may be new, but they feature members who have been around the Montreal scene for a while, and thus face the interesting challenge of distinguishing their music from past endeavours in addition to the other punk, rock, and ambient collectives out there. The sampler mixtape is 15 minutes of well-crafted soundscapes and songs that flow together remarkably well; this may perhaps indicate a lack of diversity present in Constellation’s lineup of fall releases. Hopefully, once separated and extended, each of these sounds will still be able to stand out.

Zubberdust comes out September 30, Last Ex comes October 14, and Once More With Feeling... comes out October 28. All are available for preorder online. The mixtape sampler is available for listening on Constellation’s Soundcloud.

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Culture

September 2, 2014 The McGill Daily | www.mcgilldaily.com

The myth of gender binaries New exhibit uses classical mythology to explore testosterone Julie David Culture Writer

C

omplex structures that alter both physical and behavioural characteristics, hormones rarely possess a social identity. Out of this whirling chemical mass, however, testosterone has developed a certain notoriety, due to its socially constructed link to masculinity and gender. In Galerie Donald Browne’s current exhibit, “Testostérone: Mythologies Identitaires,” seven artists of various gender identities broadly tackle this significance and ambiguity that society consistently attaches to the hormone.

The most stereotypical portrayal of testosterone associates the hormone exclusively with an alphamale personage. Upon entering Galerie Donald Browne, the first eyecatching piece is one that explicitly addresses this traditional definition of testosterone. The piece is a redux of an intense, untitled chromogenic photograph from the 1990s, found in London and modified by artist Shari Hatt. Though it’s located at the far end of the gallery, the photo manages to attract the viewer’s gaze with its immense size, detail in colouring, and because it is the most ‘typical’ portrayal of male testosterone in the exhibit.

The photo’s subjects are two young men, on a hunting excursion, with one holding up the limp head of a recently killed animal. They are surrounded by the tell-tale masculine symbols of beer, a four-wheeler, and a gun. The artist has physically covered logos and eyes with duct tape — perhaps to represent the universality of this hunting scene as a stereotype of testosterone. The tape makes expressions harder to determine, emphasizing the mouths

Interpretations of testosterone in Galerie Donald Browne’s new exhibit. as a more primal facial feature: eyes portray emotion, mouths portray desire. Yet, like many other pieces in the exhibition, the photo represents a profound contradiction by also conveying a sense of bonding, friendship, and shared experience.

Also striking are Louis Fortier’s three mythological wax sculptures, on display at the very entrance of the gallery. They go by the names of Uranus, Saturne, and Janus, each modeled after parts of Fortier’s own body — hands, palms, and face. Uranus is a sculpture mounted to the wall, a black head separated from a pink sphincter. The grey Saturne faces

Representations that blur gender binarism.

Uranus but is itself placed on a pedestal instead of being mounted on the wall. In Roman mythology, Saturn is considered god of the Capitol, and his reign is associated with the Golden Age of wealth and abundance. In the gallery his face is distorted, his nose crooked, his teeth jagged. Janus, the first Roman god, has two faces that overlook the entire gallery, and represent power over all elements of the universe. Fortier’s mythological sculptures evoke male dominance since the beginning of history with a constant struggle for power. The harshness of both Hatt’s redux and Fortier’s gods

Tamim Sujat | The McGill Daily

Tamim Sujat | The McGill Daily

are a critique of traditional male stereotypes in and of themselves.

Where the pieces fall short is in failing to create a distinction between testosterone as a hormone and testosterone as a construction of gender identity.

Other pieces, however, such as Raymonde April’s Sans Titre and Olivier Gariépy’s L’Écho de Narcisse, blur the dichotomy between ‘male’ and ‘female’ to creatively and cleverly address the constructed role testosterone plays in gender. These artists play with testosterone’s relation to gender identity and urge the viewer to bend definitions, curtail previous opinions and form and appreciate grey areas. They make use of mythology to explore the classical roots of today’s patriarchal society. Sans Titre, a large chromogenic photograph, also focuses on the effects of how hormone levels fluctuate with age.

More specifically challenging is Jenna Meyers’ beautiful oil creation of deep purple and warm orange hues, entitled Frankie. Frankie is an expressionist depiction of a pensive figure gazing off into a distant realm, whose ambiguously ‘male’ body once again blurs gender binarism. Jérome Ruby’s acrylic and neon paintings, on the other hand, illustrate the historical effects of testosterone by focusing on primal archaism juxtaposed with some modern elements. His acrylics glow of brilliant landscapes, nude characters with headless bodies, blood, and power lines. These headless

people partake in primal hunting and cooking rituals (one even cooks another human on a stick), displaying a captivating contrast between gore and beauty.

The curation, organization, and layout of pieces of the exhibit is what ties together all of these diverse interpretations of testosterone. Simply by featuring artists of varying gender identities and sexualities, the exhibit promotes the equal value of perspectives from across the spectrum of gender identities, and affirms that testosterone is not the property of straight, cis men. These artists’ pieces thrive in ambiguity, contrast, and abstract meaning – testosterone, the natural steroid.

As with many art exhibits, what the viewer will extract is highly dependent on how familiar they are with the stories referenced. While this exhibit displays contemporary art saturated in mythologic references, you do not need a background in classics to appreciate it — the ideas in and of themselves are thought-provoking enough. That said, some prior knowledge of Saturn, Orpheus, and Janus may come in handy. This exhibit serves as a reminder that the effects of testosterone and its stereotypes extend far beyond the traditionally defined ‘male’ body to reach and touch all aspects of life.

The exhibit runs until September 6 at Galerie Donald Browne and is open from 12 p.m. to 5 p.m. every Wednesday to Saturday.

Culture

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

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Big enough that you can’t hate me Taylor Swift, Top 40 victim Hillary Pasternak The McGill Daily

S

o, I’m not sure if you’ve heard, but country music wunderkindturned-pop princess Taylor Swift is coming out with a new album this October, titled 1989 after her birth year. I know, right? This is the kind of scoop that you can trust The Daily to unearth and deliver to the masses. Glad to be of service.

1989’s lead single is an aggressively upbeat Max Martin-assisted number called “Shake It Off.” It’s roughly 28 per cent meme (if you’ve managed to avoid “haters gonna hate” image macros over the last four or five years, I envy you), and 72 per cent cliché. This is a pop song, so there’s no sense in criticizing the latter assertion, but I feel justified in positing that the former is a whole new level of annoying. But that’s not important. What’s important is the song’s lyrics and how they play into the larger problems with Swift’s image: who she is as a pop star, and how she handles that.

Swift has always had a penchant for self-mythologizing, her early music heavy on fairy tale endings (sometimes literally, as in the case of “Love Story”) and floaty white dresses. But in the past few years (specifically since that infamous Kanye interruption), instead of growing up and entering reality, she has cultivated a public identity for herself as the infallible victim of reality.

“Cause the players gonna play, play, play, play, play. And the haters gonna hate, hate, hate, hate, hate”” Taylor Swift, taken from her new single, “Shake it Off” Get a load of the opening lines to “Shake It Off:” “I stay out too late/Got nothing in my brain/That’s what people say.” No one says that. The general consensus among music fans is that Swift has a good head on her shoulders. She plays guitar and she writes her own songs, as opposed to many other pop stars who don’t. That’s deserving of respect. Of course, it’s bad practice to assume the writer of a song and its speaker are one and the

same, but ignoring the parallels between her lyrics and her image would make me an irresponsible speculative rock critic.

To be fair, she has gotten a raw deal in the press in a lot of ways – not surprising, given that she’s a woman.

Her antics as a perceived serial dater have earned her some pretty vitriolic coverage that would not even come close to a problem if she were a man.

But is she using her influence to critique the way women are depicted in the press? No. Swift is above that.

Instead of criticizing mainstream media or power structures, she turns any “haters” into her individual villains.

A lot of the flack Swift receives doesn’t even have much to do with her individual persona, and is instead a byproduct of her role as a celebrity.

The Faustian bargain of pop stardom states that all celebrities are vulnerable to criticism in exchange for riches beyond most people’s wildest dreams. Fair? That’s debatable. Negotiable? Not really. You can’t have one without the other. You can’t be a pop diva who sells millions without getting picked on once in a while. And Swift, let me tell you something: we don’t feel all that bad for you when it happens. Whoever said money doesn’t buy happiness had obviously never been without money. Money buys security guards, expensive food and clothes, fame and regard, exotic vacations… The list goes on.

Additionally, Swift is a thin, conventionally attractive, straight, white woman. She adheres, for the most part, to patriarchal standards of beauty and behaviour. No, there’s nothing wrong with that, so sit down already.

This does, however, mean that she’s in a position of considerable privilege, and she’s got plenty of power to create and perpetuate harmful images, naturally leaving her open to scrutiny and harsh analysis.

Why, then, does she feel the need to set up straw men and make it personal? In most cases, Swift just doesn’t take criticism. Or even jokes.

One may recall an incident last year in which Tina Fey and Amy Poehler lobbed a softball insult at her dating habits while hosting the Golden Globe Awards. She responded to this in a Vanity Fair profile, primly citing a Madeleine Albright quote that goes something like, “There’s a special place in hell for women who don’t help other women.” She seemed to miss the irony that Swift is not here for women in the music industry, or women in general. She is here for herself.

This is especially pertinent in light of the music video for “Shake

Alice Shen | The McGill Daily It Off.” Oh, the music video. The clip flicks through a number of musical scenarios, with Swift slotted into the lead role – she’s a prima ballerina here, a cheerleader there. A rhythmic gymnast. And, of course, a hip hop dancer. Dressed in black-girl drag (Daisy Dukes and gold chains), she is surrounded by the anonymously twerking asses of her backup dancers, largely women of colour. It should be mentioned that all of the ballerinas were white, shot elegantly, and from the front. Racist? Racist. She’s apparently learned nothing from the media kerfuffles spurred in the past year by fellow appropriation-happy artists Miley Cyrus and Lily Allen. And if her reaction to Fey and Poehler is any indication, she’ll respond about as well as the others did when someone tries to call her out on this.

“Why can’t everyone just be nice?” she seems to be asking, right in those opening lines. “I’m being such a big girl, taking the high road,” she implies with the chorus of “players gonna play, haters gonna hate,”

once that first question has gotten old. What Swift is doing sounds suspiciously similar to something defined as “smarm” by Tom Scocca in a Gawker article on the subject from last December; it’s incredibly long but still worth your time.

“What is smarm, exactly? Smarm is a kind of performance – an assumption of the forms of seriousness, of virtue, of constructiveness, without the substance. Smarm,” he writes, “is concerned with appropriateness and with tone. Smarm disapproves.

Smarm would rather talk about anything other than smarm. Why, smarm asks, can’t everyone just be nicer?”

He defines “smarm” in opposition to “snark,” a reactionary tactic of the oppressed, the young, the angry.

Those without power. Those who, according to Swift, should stop talking shit about Swift.

A few years ago, a slightly different Swift plucked at a banjo and sang a very similar song to “Shake It Off.” “Someday I’ll be living in a big old city/And all you’re ever gonna be is

mean/Someday I’ll be big enough so you can’t hit me/And all you’re ever gonna be is mean.” This sounds nothing like smarm. Maybe it’s because this bully seems to have done tangible harm. In “Mean,” both speaker and attacker are on a level playing field.

We can assume that neither have over 44 million followers on Twitter.

When you’re the underdog, a little bit of self-righteousness is understandable. No one’s gonna begrudge you that. Taylor’s not the underdog anymore. She can close the Twitter window on her expensive laptop, call her agent, and buy an island or something. But she still feels the need to let us know that she’s the bigger person, that she’s taking the high road, and that all we’re ever gonna be is mean.

1989 comes out on October 27 from Big Machine Records. If you’re feeling brave, the video for “Shake it Off” is available for viewing on YouTube, in all its appropriative glory.

Compendium!

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

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Lies, half-truths, and pink babbling teapots. Because fuck you, that’s why.

Treatment for cishet bullshit found!

A McGill bro recants Sperrys McBlazer II The McGall Weekly

Eleanor Milman | The McGall Weekly

Student radicals behead opponent in show of strength

Samim Tujat | The McGall Weekly

H

ave you ever been hanging with your bro and then one of you does something super chill? What’s your first reaction?

If you answered ‘fist bump,’ then I’m here to tell you that you’re one of the main vehicles of oppression and instruments of patriarchy on campus. The clenched fist, a symbol of aggression, is, in the moment when it bumps with another fist, nothing other than the apotheosis of male dominance in society. Fist bumping is a giant clusterfuck of problematic practices. As an expression of male solidarity, the bro-y fist bump is reminiscent of Men’s Right Activist (MRA) scumbags and further serves to reinforce the patriarchy.

Eyewitness accounts say they enjoy fist bumping while dancing around the fire at book-burnings.

No one wants to be like them.

If you are absolutely disgusted by your previous way of showing camaraderie, I am here to help (you’re welcome). Allow me to introduce you to Friendship Fists. They are performed as follows: initially maneuver as if

going for a fist bump, but instead, lovingly hold your friend’s hand.

The resulting feeling may remind you of the moment when you see your favourite tree blooming after a long, hard winter.

Friendships Fists, or FFs, promote understanding and serve to take away the space your privileged ass is taking up. One former fist-bumper described the switch to FFs as “life-changing,” comparable to “the first time [they] did a keg stand with no help from [their] bros.”

“I never realized how much space my white male privilege was taking up; now when I wake up in my beautiful apartment and walk to my full fridge, I feel like I have a lot less cis-white-male guilt after starting to use FFs,” said one McGill bro who wished to remain anonymous but wanted to let us know that he is super chill with FFs. You can thank me later for turning your pathetic, oppressive handshake into the best thing ever.

If, having been hereby enlightened, you still elect to participate in fist bumping, be prepared to be labeled as an ignorant jerk. Your choice, bro.

Compendium! is a space for your satire, cartoons, comics, rants, anti-administration hysterics, funny photos, and curious ephemera. Did I mention Comics?

Pitch/submit to compendium@mcgilldaily.com. We’ll probably read your email and everything.

Friendship fists.

Ilus’ tray shen | The McGall Weekly

Editorial

volume 104 number 1

editorial board 3480 McTavish St., Rm. B-24 Montreal, QC H3A 1X9

September 2, 2014 www.mcgilldaily.com | The McGill Daily

School’s back, and so is The Daily

phone 514.398.6784 fax 514.398.8318 mcgilldaily.com coordinating editor

Dana Wray

coordinating@mcgilldaily.com coordinating news editor

Janna Bryson news editors

Jill Bachelder Emma Noradounkian Igor Sadikov commentary & compendium! editors

Emmet Livingstone Vacant culture editor

Rosie Long Decter Vacant features editor

Hannah Besseau science+technology editor

Zapaer Alip

sports editor

Drew Wolfson Bell multimedia editor

Vacant Vacant

photo editor

Tamim Sujat illustrations editor

Alice Shen copy editor

Molly Korab design & production editor

Rachel Nam web editor

Vacant

community editor

Vacant

Alice Shen | The McGill Daily

T

hanks for opening up our first issue. Whether you’re anxiously awaiting your first class, or tapping your toes in anticipation of graduation, here’s a crash course (or a refresher) on The Daily.

The Daily first went to press in 1911 as a daily sports paper, and gained editorial independence from SSMU in 1981. Now, The Daily is a weekly newspaper run by a nonhierarchical collective of editors and contributors. As an alternative campus media source, we get our hands dirty taking a critical look at what’s going on around McGill and the Montreal community.

Our Statement of Principles, called the SOP for short, mandates us to provide space to marginalized voices and recognize that all events are inherently political. This means we not only cover topics that other campus or mainstream media overlook, but that we try to take different angles on the issues being covered. We also aim to keep the paper accountable by inviting criticism in the form of letters and a Readers’ Advocate column.

The Daily likes to think of itself as an alternative jour-

nalism school for editors and contributors alike. This year, we’ll be offering training and workshop weeks to sharpen your journalistic skills, including J-Week, an event series run by The Daily and Le Délit that features guest speakers drawn from professional journalism.

As we continue to change as a newspaper, we’ve stopped publishing our Health&Education section in print and online, and will be integrating its content into other sections of the paper. Other editorial board changes include the removal of one design position, the addition of a second multimedia position, and the addition of a new community position.

New issues hit the stands every Monday, but be sure to check out our website for more content, including our radio show Unfit to Print. If you want to write, draw, take photos, or otherwise be a part of The Daily, send us an email, or drop by our basement office located at B-24 in the Shatner building.

—The McGill Daily Editorial Board

le délit

Joseph Boju

rec@delitfrancais.com cover design Alice Shen contributors Jill Bachelder, Drew Wolfson Bell, Hannah Besseau, Janna Bryson, Julie David, Naomi Endicott, Cem Ertekin, Carmen Fenech, Marcello Ferrara, rosalind hampton, Mathias Heilke, Mert Kimyaci, Molly Korab, Rosie Long Decter, Emmet Livingstone, Eleanor Milman, Sivakami Mylvaganam, Emma Noradounkian, Hillary Pasternak, Igor Sadikov, Alice Shen, Maliz Shinz, Vivian Weija Shi, Robert Smith, Tamim Sujat, Vivienne Walz, Jasmine Wang, Dana Wray, Jon Yu.

3480 McTavish St., Rm. B-26 Montreal, QC H3A 1X9 phone 514.398.6790 fax 514.398.8318 advertising & general manager Boris Shedov sales representative Letty Matteo ad layout & design Geneviève Robert

Mathieu Ménard Lauriane Giroux

dps board of directors Joseph Boju, Juan Camilo Velásquez Buriticá, Dana Wray

!""#$%&'(&')#*#+,-.#/01"2#345"1$0'1%&)#6%$1('27##!""#819:')## 8()(8;(<7#=:(#$%&'(&'#%>#':1)#&(?)@0@(8#1)#':(#8()@%&)151"1'2#%>#=:(# A$B1""#/01"2#0&<#<%()#&%'#&($())081"2#8(@8()(&'#':(#;1(?)#%>#A$B1""# C&1;(8)1'27##38%<4$')#%8#$%D@0&1()#0<;(8'1)(<#1&#':1)#&(?)@0@(8#08(# &%'#&($())081"2#(&<%8)(<#52#/01"2#)'0>>7# 381&'(<#52#ED@81D(81(#=80&)$%&'1&(&'0"#=80&)D097#!&F%4G#H4(5($7## E66I#--J+KLM,N7

The Statement of Principles 2.1 The fundamental goal of The McGill Daily shall be to serve as a critical and constructive forum for the exchange of ideas and information relevant to McGill and related communities.

2.2 Within this optic, The Daily recognizes that all events and issues are inherently political, involving relations of social and economic power and privilege. Further, we recognize that power is unevenly distributed, especially – but not solely – on the basis of gender, age, social class, race, sexuality, religion, ability, and cultural identity. We also recognize that keeping silent about these relationships helps to perpetuate oppression. To help correct these inequities, to the best of its ability, The Daily should depict and analyze power relations accurately in its coverage.

2.3 As an autonomous student newspaper, relatively free from commercial and other controls, The Daily can best serve its purposes by examining issues and events most media ignore. In particular, it should deal with the role postsecondary education plays in constructing and maintaining the current order. It should also assist students and other groups working for change in a critical framework, with the aim of giving a voice to individuals and communities marginalized on the basis of the criteria mentioned in section 2.2. The Daily’s non-hierarchal structure serves as a space for education, discussion, and participation. The Daily’s methods should be determined by its staff on the basis of consensus.

2.4 The Daily must remain accessible and accountable, while maintaining its autonomy.

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