Navigating choices

Online Career Resource Guide

MCPHS University Alumni Career Services

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Purpose……………………………………………………...2 I. Introduction ……………………………………..2 - 4

Online Career Resource Guide

Beginning Employed Unemployed

II. Exploration ………………………………………5 - 6

Contents

Values Skills Strengths Interests III. Strategy …………………………………………7 - 15 Labor market Relocation Research Professional Network Social Media Staffing Agencies Volunteering Professional Informational Interviews

IV. Preparation …………………………………...16 - 31 Job search is a job!

Networking to find a job 30 second commercial/Elevator pitch Job Search = Sales Process Documents Interviews References V. Obtaining the Job ……………………………..32 - 34 Ask for the job Post-interview Negotiation Job offer

VI. Starting a New Job ………………………………..35 Probation period On-boarding and orientation Expectations

Summary…………………………………………………...36 Feedback…………………………………………………...37 Acknowledgements………………………………………..37

Page | 1

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Purpose The career decision-making and job search process can be daunting. Whether you are seeking to stay in the same field/industry, switch careers, dealing with a job lay-off, downsizing or employment transfer, reentering the work world following a leave of absence, or seeking to find fulfillment during retirement, Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide will help educate and assist in meeting your goal: obtaining employment. You may choose to use the entire guide or select sections applicable to your needs. Good Luck!

“Create history. Understand your future. Do something for the first time. Create energy and possibilities. Play-it makes us more creative and productive. Face fear--it will carry to other parts of life and gain Confidence!�

LuAnn Cahn

I.

Introduction

A job search may be necessary following: the completion of a degree, a decision to change a job or career, end of an employment contract, the closing of a company, layoff, termination, or retirement. Navigating Choices will provide information and resources to guide you through a selfdirected job search process. MCPHS Alumni Career Services can provide additional assistance or answer questions during your job search activities. Send an email to: anne.chace@mcphs.edu. The guide Navigating Choices is a tool, in whole or partial, to help initiate the tasks necessary to actualize your employment goal. This career resource guide contains the following information: tips (highlighted in blue), suggested exercises, sample documents & links to additional on-line resources.

Beginning First, evaluate your current needs based on whether you are currently employed or unemployed.

Job Search while employed Financial and career needs are different for everyone. Having made a decision to pursue a new job or career while employed may be an advantage. You need to maintain a source of income and fringe benefits to sustain yourself throughout the search process. In addition, employers prefer hiring people who are working and it will also help you avoid explaining an employment gap. Also

Page | 2

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

factor in the time required to research employment opportunities, prepare documents, create social media presence, and network to find the next option. Staying in your job is usually better than making you ineligible for unemployment compensation and jeopardizing financial sustainability.

Time wisely utilized to explore career options, develop a strategy, prepare documents, create a social media presence, network and introduce yourself to new contacts will result in a new Page | 3 employment opportunity hopefully sooner.

Changing jobs is not easy, even if it is justified, and even more difficult when there is no immediate prospect of a new position.

Unemployed Should you find yourself unemployed and without severance or substantial savings, you may seek immediate employment available through staffing agencies, per diem, contract employment or headhunters. Staffing agencies (additional information on page 12) often specialize/contract with specific types of industries. Staffing agencies are registered in the states where they operate. Staffing agency listings are available online. There is no limit to the number of agencies you may register for.

The employer pays for the service, not you, the job seeker.

Use Internet sources to identify part-or full-time jobs. The job may not be in your chosen career, but a financial necessity.

Headhunters are specialists in business to find professional, trained talent often corporate level candidates, who meet the qualifications of their client, the employer. The job the head hunter is recruiting for may be temporary, short or long term or direct hire to fill a vacancy. You sign a contract identifying the exact service(s) to be provided by the head hunter and fee. Remember to negotiate the fee! You may find an opportunity in your career, and you are not limited to one industry as long as your skills are a match for the employer.

If your unemployment is due to company closing, lay-off or termination, and you intend to return to full or part-time employment the following services and resources may help: employer sponsored severance benefits, UI-Unemployment Insurance, personal savings, or retirement funds. Longer periods of unemployment may necessitate reliance on family members or applying for Social Security Administration (SSA) benefits, pending eligibility, and public assistance including SNAP-Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, federal food stamp program.

Apply immediately for UI-Unemployment Insurance if your unemployment is not supported by employer sponsored severance. Caution: not all employers pay into the state trust fund to provide UI to claimants. The application is available online. Log onto your state’s website and find the link for filing an unemployment claim. Unemployment Insurance (UI) is offered for a limited period of time depending on the state in which you reside. You are required to engage in the job search while collecting UI benefits, which are taxed. Remember to obtain information from your state unemployment agency regarding specific policies and procedures.

Join and use the services of a One Stop Career Center (OSCC). This is often a requirement for persons collecting UI benefits. To find a career center use the online state locator

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

link found on your state website homepage or www.ServiceLocator.org. Most services are offered at no cost and assist adults in finding employment. OSCCs are available in all fifty states and territories.

Retirement Job Seekers looking for employment during retirement are not alone. Many professionals seek opportunities in and out of their chosen career path. Begin with defining your goals: Why do you want to work? What are your interests? Do you need another source of income? Do you desire to stay in the same industry or use this opportunity to volunteer, reconnect with a past career, or focus on a specific cause/interest? Use this guide, Navigating Choices, to assist in the exploration and search processes. You may contact MCPHS Alumni Career Services with specific questions or assistance. One option for finding employment opportunities in retirement is Encore. Go to www.encorecareers.com.

Check your outgoing voicemail message on both landline and cellular telephones.

Delete any voice other than your own, no music, quotations or other message features that may not be appropriate for a future employer or professional contact to hear. A simple message, “Hello, this is _____________residence or voice mail for (name). Please leave a message with your telephone number. I will reply as soon as possible. Thank you for calling.�

Page | 4

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

II.

Exploration

Once financial concerns are satisfied, you may now begin the second step in your employment search: exploration. Here you will identify your values, skills, strengths and interests. If you are satisfied with your current self-knowledge, feel free to move ahead to the strategy section of Navigating Choices.

Values: Personal and Work It does not hurt to take time to think about and identify your personal and work values.

Employers need to know your skills/expertise as well as personality. You want to develop a strategy that matches your strengths, abilities and interests with a goal towards realizing satisfaction in your professional life or retirement. Knowing your values and skills can help guide your career decisions.

The following values exercises are among available options. Click on the following links and complete either or both: 1. www.binghamton.edu/ccpd/quick-reference-guide/values.pdf 2. www.akpsi.org/admin/document.doc?id=486

Skills: Hard, Soft and Transferable Once you know your values, then it is helpful to identify your skills. Skills consist of two broad categories: Hard and Soft. Hard skills may be defined as the things you know how to do as acquired through work and education, for example administrative, technical, clinical, scientific, communication, computer and customer service. Soft skills are defined as traits, like being responsible, dependable, reliable, team player, punctual and capable of working independently with little supervision. Employers look for people who know who they are in relation to work. Knowing who you are in addition to articulating values, strengths and skills/abilities will serve you well while searching for a job, changing careers or redefining yourself as a professional during work or retirement. Often skills practiced in a career are transferable to new jobs or industries. The ability to know and articulate skills is necessary when answering behaviorally oriented employment interview questions.

Click on the link below and complete a skills exercise. Other similar exercise are available online. www.quintcareers.com/workplace_values.

The values and skills exercises assist in determining what you are passionate about. Maybe you need to have direct contact with people or feel the need to contribute to solving a critical issue for humanity. Financial security for yourself and family may be a value that is important now. You may want to give back to society by making a contribution that fulfills a personal need. It is vital to know what motivates you in order to successfully change jobs, careers, or work activities.

Page | 5

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Strengths Answer the following questions:      

What have been your major accomplishments in your most recent paid or volunteer position?

Which skills are specific to your current career field?

Which skills are more cross-functional or applicable across career fields?

Which skills do you want to continue to use in your next experience? Why? Are there skills you wish you possess? Why? How can you acquire them?

What skills do you have and enjoy that may not have been professionally used, but could be in your next experience?

Take time to write answers to the questions. It is important to maintain your focus on your goals. Knowing your skills and strengths helps guide the search process.

You may wish to try exercises found on the following website: www.strengthstest.com.

Interests If you are unsure what you are interested in career wise, consider trying a career test. Log onto a computer and search for “career tests.” These multiple choice surveys match your personality to potential occupations of interest. Many of the surveys/tests are free. The results provide a guide, not a definitive solution.

Other options found on line: www.typefocus.com and www.timethoughts.com.

A One Stop Career Center (OSCC) is available for assistance. (See page 3 for additional information) Log onto www.ServiceLocater.org. OSCC may have aptitude and career exploration options to assist you. If you are receiving UI (unemployment benefits) you may already utilize career center services. Career centers serve the public, therefore anyone may use the resources.

“I cannot change yesterday, but I can change today.”

Author Unknown

Page | 6

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

III.

Strategy

After taking some time to reflect on your financial needs, values, skills and interests, decide on your next step. Is it:     

Employment in the same career Page | 7 Employment in the same career but different type of company Desire to work either full-time or part-time or per diem in different type of work and industry Able to survive for up to 6 months without a job and need to explore all options, including upgrading skills to increase marketability in another healthcare career Exploring entrepreneurship

Labor Market Employers want to hire professionals that are a good fit for the job and company. Ask yourself:     

Do I have the skills to do the job I want?

Am I motivated to do the job and work for a specific employer?

Is the job and company a match for my values, skills and interests?

Do I know someone who is employed in a specific career or industry and who can help me?

Is it the right time to change my career?

Hiring is a continual process. Jobs are created as a result of numerous events. People leave jobs for many reasons and work must be completed in order for the company to fulfill contract obligations, make a profit for stockholders/directors or carry out a specific mission (e.g. hospitals, schools, and government agencies).

You may have more than one type of position or industry that interests you. Remember, you need to have the essential qualifications to apply to a specific job.

Other considerations are:      

What are my values, interests, strengths and knowledge?

What job best matches my skills, values and interests?

What is the labor market for employment in the geographic area, career and industry I am seeking?

Am I willing to re-locate to pursue a career?

How do I update skills to be competitive? Is it necessary?

Will temporary employment or volunteer opportunities be viable options?

Use the following link for information: www.onet.gov (Occupational Digest of USA jobs compiled by US Department of Labor).

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

What do I look for in a new job?

Here is a list of some items to consider when applying for a job: location, compensation package (salary and benefits), work culture, environment, schedule, required overtime, and telecommuting, access to public transportation, commuting distance, travel requirements, managerial/non managerial duties, supervisory responsibilities, and fit with employer’s mission and personal/work values.

A job search is a process that may take time. It is not limited to the first professional job after obtaining a degree and may be required to engage periodically during a career.

Relocation Some individuals who are considering changing industries may face taking a salary cut.

Sometimes, this is a calculated risk that may lead to a higher salary/compensation package as you gain experience. Using your network, including MCPHS alumni, you will learn the benefits available in another industry or career.

Given the current economy, the ideal job in one’s chosen industry/profession may not be in one’s desired community. Widening your commutable geographic area may expand the availability of employers in your field and diversity of career options. Employment opportunities may in fact be more plentiful in a distant geographic area. Research another region or state in addition to the potential employers. Your network may provide pertinent information on climate, cost of living and additional factors to consider the possibility of relocating for employment. Your MCPHS alumni network is a source to gather information about other locations and employers. Leaving a specific geographic area does not mean abandoning a familiar region entirely. After one to two years of experience an employment opportunity may become available within the same corporation and a transfer back to your home state may be possible. You may find you like living and working in a different region.

Research Browse and read job descriptions to understand what the employer’s needs are. Read job descriptions completely and more than once. Read mission statements of employers you believe have the type of work desired.    

Do you match the corporate values and does the company employ individuals in the area if career interest?

Do you know of someone employed with a company who you can schedule an informational interview?

Is there someone in your network who can provide an introduction to a contact within an organization/business?

Have you identified an MCPHS alum who works for a company or has a career that interests you?

Page | 8

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Prepare questions to help you acquire information which will help reinforce your belief that you are a match for a specific career/position and/or industry. Obtaining information about skills (job specific and transferable), education and experience necessary to enter the field, job or employer, day to day tasks expected to be accomplished, work place culture, and employer expectations will give a more realistic picture and data to base decisions. A decision based on the information gathered from someone who is doing a particular job or working for a specific industry, will confirm whether Page | 9 you are on the right career path.

Research labor market information for your state using the state labor and workforce development link to identify trends for specific industries. The website will provide information on the trends for major industries including salary ranges and expectations for the number of opportunities that may be available.

Copy job descriptions of interest into a word document and save. Employers may delete a job opportunity at any time.

Exercise List of your skills

List of employer’s skill requirements

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

Do your skills match the employer’s desired skills? Do the skills that match motivate you to consider this particular position? One option is to discuss with the employer human resources representative/staffing specialist which skills might be negotiable in terms of the essential and non-essential responsibilities. If not, continue the search. Continue to search for individuals who can provide you with information or additional contacts with information about a career or industry.

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

What do I do if the employer requires skills I have not used or are more advanced?

Perhaps enrolling in course, certificate/degree program, or continuing education program is necessary. Does your current employer offer tuition reimbursement? If so, take advantage of the benefit! MCPHS offers Continuing Education! Check details at - www.MCPHS.edu/Continuing Education. Read about the certificate programs, individual workshops and additional online options Page | 10 available to alumni.

As you connect with individuals about a career or industry, ask about the level of skill expected. Just because you have not used a skill does not necessarily mean you have lost the ability to perform that skill. Temporary, contract or volunteer work can help rekindle skills used in the past.

Ask people in your network about required skills and how past experience may help.

Set up Google Alerts for company/companies position(s) that interest(s) you.

Professional Network Identifying people and building contacts for life is essential! “Who you know is as important as what you know� is a familiar and true expression. As you job search, maintain connections with people and do not hide behind technology by only focusing on applying for jobs online. Networking is accomplished by engaging in conversation with people, either in person, telephone or social media. Be ready to talk about what you can do based on past and current accomplishments.

PAR-Problem, Action, Resolution By using this acronym, you will possess an easy to recall formula to relay accomplishment information to persons interested in learning about your experience. PAR statements are brief and include enough information to pique interest without overwhelming an audience. Example: Problem: Briefly describe a work related issue.

I was in charge of orienting new staff.

Action: What did you initiate to address the issue?

I set up a schedule, contact emails, reading material, checklist of tasks and resource guides to provide pertinent information to individuals for the first two weeks on the job.

Result: What was the outcome?

The department had less downtime and new staff were able to begin tasks and know where to locate individuals and information needed to perform functions more efficiently.

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Networking starts in advance of a job search You already know people in your profession and/or industry. Start with people you know and find out what you can do for them! Only asking for help finding a job can ruin even a friendship. If you can assist someone then the desire to give back is already there. Finding Page | 11 individuals who share your passion, interest, and career/job will often help shorten the time spent being unemployed. That is the key and why networking is necessary for the job search. Being with people who are passionate about the same work as you will put you closer to an opportunity. Once you are known to other professionals and they understand what motivates you and your desire to contribute, they will want you to work with them. This form of networking is important throughout your entire career.

Exercise Take a few minutes to create a list of work colleagues, past and present, industry contacts, friends, family, fellow alumni and social acquaintances. Use LinkedIn, Facebook, and other useful online gateways to find contacts. ______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

What do I do if I have not kept in touch with classmates, professors, former managers and co-workers? Do not despair!

Did you join the MCPHS Alumni Online Directory?

Every graduate becomes a member upon graduation. It is free to use and resources are available for life! Access and preparation are vital to successful networking. Use the Directory to assist you with obtaining pertinent information. Your alumni are sources of vital information and you immediately have credibility. Consider attending networking and chapter events. You may need to seek information now, but later another alum may ask you for information!

Click on Alumni Directory from the MCPHS webpage!

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Other networking resources Are you a member of a professional association? If yes, check resources for job opportunities, post a rĂŠsumĂŠ and attend meetings that provide networking possibilities. Meetings can provide opportunities to contribute so others will take notice of your abilities, interests and Page | 12 contributions. Create a social media presence!

Do you belong to community, civic or religious organization/group, fitness/athletic clubs?

Are you asking people you know to provide you with career information or contacts they may know who are employed for a company or industry you desire?

Do you use public transportation? Talking with people you see each day at the bus stop, train station or ferry can often provide a tidbit that saves time and moves you closer to the next opportunity. Most adults like sharing information about what they do and are willing to suggest personal contacts that can open up possibilities.

You are not asking someone for a job; you are asking for information and that is key!

Information is power. The more you know about a career and/or industry/employer/manager the better prepared you are to compete.

Always practice excellent etiquette and manners.

Avoid criticizing past employers or manager/supervisors.

Keep track of contacts and remember to thank persons that provide information and time to assist you, verbally and written; email is acceptable.

Ask to connect on LinkedIn and request a business card.

Consider creating a business card for yourself, especially if you are no longer with a company. There are on-line resources that are reasonably priced.

A resource is available to alumni for organizing job search and tracking applications and individuals.

Click on www.mcphs/alumni/career services/CareerShift for details.

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Social Media Do I need a social media presence? The answer is yes! Finding contacts and letting people find you is necessary. Creating a LinkedIn profile will assist you with networking to obtain career and industry information, researching employers with jobs that interest you, or advertise open positions. Employers may also find you! Think of LinkedIn as a virtual Rolodex or business card file.

You may create a basic profile, and request a review from the MCPHS Alumni Career Advisor. The 5 most important elements of LinkedIn are: geographic location where you are seeking a job, job title you are seeking, employers current and past, industry target for next position and keywords that advertise your skills, background and career interests.

Remember to keep the information available on social media professional. Do not include pictures that may give a future employer a wrong impression. Employers, especially some hiring managers, search the background of applicants on social media. You may block information you do not want public during your job search.

“HOPE=BELIEF+ACTION”

If you are employed and do not wish to advertise you are job searching, continue to update your summary on a weekly basis. Add skills that accurately reflect what you are seeking in the next opportunity. All you need to add or change is one skill. This activity will recycle your profile as an updated document thereby lending employers seeking talent to read your profile frequently.

Go to www.LinkedIn.com. Directions to create your profile and tutorials are provided. You may use the option of NOT letting your connections know you are seeking employment while you create or update information on your LinkedIn account. Keep in mind that if you recommend others you know on LinkedIn, they may be more likely to ‘recommend’ you or write an endorsement of your skills to post on your account.

Page | 13

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Exercise Action

Check when done

Are your professional association memberships posted on your LinkedIn? Do you follow MCPHS Alumni on social media?

Is your LinkedIn photograph providing a future employer a professional image? Keep your LinkedIn profile exclusively professional. Be aware of pictures posted on social media, e.g.

Facebook and Twitter.

Search for people you know and send an invitation to join your network. You may invite former co-workers, managers, professionals you met at conferences and friends who work for companies that interest you as well as other contacts. You control who is part of your LinkedIn network.

Staffing Agencies Perhaps working part-time as a contract employee may be suitable in the short term while you continue to search. Research employment/staffing agencies by state--log onto www.employmentagenciesusa.com for a list of licensed staffing providers. Some staffing agencies work with specific industries e.g. healthcare. If the agency you contact does not contract with the types of employers you are targeting then ask for names of other agencies.

There are numerous employment/staffing agencies. You may register with more than one agency, however you need to be associated with a recruiting professional who works well with you and effectively markets your skills.

Page | 14

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Some helpful hints when working with a staffing agency:  Maintain contact with the staffing recruiter  Know the methods used to identify employment opportunities and how your credentials are presented  Be honest about your goals. If you are interested only in a “permanent job placement” do not agree to accept short-term temporary assignments unless this is a realistic option  Ask the recruiter for the success rates in securing the employment option(s) in your profession Volunteering Volunteering while job searching can reap substantial benefits. Volunteering does not mean 40 hours a week or until you find employment. Be strategic! Ask someone in your industry if there is something you can do for them as a volunteer or ask an individual if they will be a mentor to guide you in your search for a career match. United Way offices throughout the USA have numerous organizations seeking volunteers. You may have a cause or issue you feel passionate about or want to support by contributing your time and talents.

Knowing who addresses your interests may provide an opportunity to volunteer and another opportunity to network. Volunteering may not segue into a paying position, however it will provide a connection to the work world to be added to your résumé thus avoiding a lengthy gap between jobs, post-graduation or unemployment. Having an activity that helps prime skills you will use in your next job is crucial.

Professional Informational Interviews As a result of networking and creating connections, you may wish to schedule a meeting with a new contact, in person or over the phone. Be mindful of time limitations and prepare questions in advance, bring a copy of your résumé, but remember this is not a job interview!

What questions can I ask?

You may ask questions about a specific career, skills/qualifications necessary to be successful, expectations of managers, work culture/environment, salary ranges, minimum educational requirements, experience vs. education, expectations to complete assignments, whether jobs are currently available, and the application process. You may ask for a review of your résumé, too.

Page | 15

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

IV.

Preparation

Job search is a job!

Approach your job search, whether you are in need of immediate employment or have made Page | 16 a decision to start searching while still working as a job, schedule an appointment with yourself to complete job search related tasks. For example: create or update your LinkedIn Profile, update your résumé, reach out to network contacts, and apply for positions. While networking is the leading technique for finding where the jobs are that interest you, the task of completing a résumé and applying online is still a necessary part of the process.

Set goals that you can achieve. Give yourself a break periodically. Perhaps you have only weekends to devote to the job search. When you schedule a self-appointment you are carving out time to focus on a specific task. Once the task is done, you may move forward, set another goal and continue to strategize based on the information you collect.

Remember to stay organized. Have an area in your home that provides space to accomplish your job search activities. Create computer files and save documents to reference when preparing résumés, cover letters and applications.

You may access online tools to help organize your job search. One option is the Riley Guide, www.rileyguide.com available on the MCPHS Alumni Career Services landing page.

Networking to find a job Often networking is an underdeveloped skill. Many people network as part of their daily role and existence. Sometimes individuals associate “networking” with self-promotion and asking for a favor. With the use of social media networking is a powerful tool to be used towards finding professional contacts and obtaining introductions. Think of people you know who are employed in the type of work or industry that interests you. Before contacting an individual, think about what you are seeking. Do you want information about the industry or type of position? Consider obtaining the email address of an individual and writing a request. This is a useful strategy for people who prefer not to talk on the telephone or in person. Since you have prepared information about your strengths and interests, this is helpful in describing who you are as a professional.

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Exercise Questions to consider asking:  What are the required skills to be successful in your chosen job?  What are the daily activities a person in (job title) will handle?  How is success measured?  What are the promotional opportunities?  Will my previous experience and skills fit this particular position or industry?

Always be prepared to engage in a conversation. Be alert to information being communicated and ask a follow-up question to clarify data or specifics.

Prepare a 60 Second (or less) Commercial/Introduction What do I say when I contact a person of interest?

Introduce yourself to a fellow alumnus/a, or another person in your network by preparing a 30-60 second commercial/introduction. The introduction basics include your name, profession or current occupation, present situation, e.g. seeking particular position, changing careers; the position/information you are seeking now and specific skills/abilities you can offer the next employer. Click on www.rileyguide.com to search for additional samples of commercials/elevator speech.

Commercial/Introduction Samples Start with time of day (Good morning/afternoon/evening)! My name is ____.

I work as a (title or profession or special skills) _______________ for (name of employer or industry). I am especially experienced in the areas of ________________.

I am interested in making a change/obtain information about (describe what you are seeking). Are you able to provide me (information) that will help me obtain this goal?

Thank you for your assistance. Is there something I can do for you?

OR

Page | 17

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Good morning/afternoon/evening! My name is __________. I’m a MCPHS Alumnus/ea class of _____. I am a (profession), recently laid off and I am looking for other career options in (state area of interest). My background and experience includes (state what supports your current or new direction). Are you able to provide me with information on (state what your need is)? I am interested in speaking with other contacts. Do you know anyone who may assist me? Is there any way I can Page | 18 help you? Thank you for your assistance.

Remember to smile, speak clearly/professionally, convey positive attitude and listen carefully to the response.

By offering to assist your contacts, you demonstrate mutual appreciation and respect.

Maintain a list of contacts, create a list of questions to reference when speaking to a fellow alum or another professional contact, keep your résumé current, research employers of interest and use the MCPHS alumni directory and LinkedIn to identify individuals who are connected to employers or the profession/employment you want.

Remember to ask individuals you speak with to suggest other persons that may be helpful to you as you acquire information about employers and the job opportunities that are available with chosen industry.

Always be ready to talk about what you are professionally interested in, current/recent accomplishments and what looking for in your chosen field.

It takes only 1 ‘yes’ to receive a job offer! ‘No’ does not mean you are unqualified; just that someone else was a closer match to the employer’s needs.

By completing research on an industry, employer or position through contacts in your network you are closer to finding and obtaining a job!

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

“Job Search = Sales Process” The following table provides a template for a job search: Who is the Salesperson?

Job Seeker-YOU

Who is the Customer?

Employer

What is the Product?

Skills: Hard, Soft, and Transferable

What is the Marketing Material?

Résumé, Cover Letter, Application, References

When is the Sales Presentation?

Telephone & in-person Interview

    

Job seekers must sell knowledge, skills and abilities to a prospective employer. Employers need to know what the job seeker can do for them!

The axiom in sales is…the customer is always right!

Give the customer/employer what they want! The employer wants 5 years of experience and you have 10; state 5+ years of experience in the qualifications section of the résumé.

Only apply for jobs that match the requirements stated by the employer.

Requirements means MUST have; Preferences means advantage over other candidates, but not necessary to qualify for the job.

“I will persist until I succeed!”

Author Unknown

Most informational interviews are 15 – 20 minutes, plan accordingly, dress professionally, be on time!

Using the name of a mutual contact is a helpful technique to identify how you obtained the name of the person you meet.

Ask if you may contact the informational interviewer in the future, connect on LinkedIn and request a business card.

Send a thank you as soon as possible, email is acceptable

Page | 19

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Documents Where can I obtain help with writing job search documents?

Online assistance is readily available from The Riley Guide link www.rileyguide.com. Search the document samples and assistance writing Résumé/Curriculum Vitae, and Cover Letters. (Found Page | 20 on the MCPHS Alumni Career Services website).

There are three résumé formats: Chronological-employment and education history listed in reverse chronological order. In general employers prefer the chronological style. The chronological style is easier for automatic tracking systems (ATS) to scan and identify pertinent information for screening candidates. (See sample on page 21).

Functional-highlights key, marketable skills in the qualifications section, listing experience using the employer name, location, title and dates.

Combination (chronological and functional)-not a common style, but may be useful in specific situations for persons changing careers and highlighting transferable skills. The combination style résumé maybe useful for someone working for the same employer for a number of years, but has had various positions.

Curriculum Vitae (CV) Chronologically summarizes employment history, publications, conference presentations, lectures and research. CVs are used for academic employment applications, executive/corporate level opportunities and special employment categories, e.g. fellowship. CV’s can be lengthy pending the number of accomplishments i.e. publications, lectures, academic teaching and research.

(See sample on page 21).

“The last thing we learn about ourselves is our effect.”

William Boyd

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Sample CV:

Name All Caps Bold, License Initials 10 Main Street, Anytown, NY 10010 mjws@gmail.com 123-555-1212 Objective

Page | 21

Exact title of job from employer’s description

Employment (If recent graduate list education first, employment second) Name of employer, Location, State Title, Dates or Dates Paragraph or bullets identifying accomplishments, supervision, training, management, report development and key aspects of position Name of employer, Location, State Title, Dates (May right side justify) Be consistent with format to replay pertinent information about key accomplishments Include work history for at least 10 years. List in reverse chronological order starting with most recent or current position Name of employer, Location, State You may choose to bold either the name of the employer or title or job or both Be consistent throughout the document with the style you choose Name of employer, Location, State You may include jobs from earlier in your career to demonstrate longevity in healthcare If you use a paragraph format remember to separate the bullets using periods. Periods are not necessary at the end of bullets since they are phrases.

Education (start most recent. list in reverse chronological order MCPHS University, City, MA Degree, Year (May right side justify) Undergraduate College, Location Degree, Year Capstone Project Provide description including title, activities, purpose and results Clinical Rotations List Type

Facility, Location

Scholarships Name of awarding organization, location, state, date List in chronological order Include graduate and undergraduate

Dates

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide Honors and Awards Include pending items, e.g. patens, educational and employment awards List in reverse chronological order starting with most recent Certifications Name of certifying organization, location, title of certification or license Professional Memberships List current and past memberships, start with current Name of organization, location, Member as well as officer or committee participation Dates Publications Include published articles, lectures, presentations, books (author or edited) List the title in quotes, authors (include all names) list using first initial, period followed by last name, Name of publication event where presentation was made and date Volunteer Experience Use if desired, dates optional List the organization, location, Title (if you had one) and accomplishments Computer Skills Computer software and hardware that you are proficient and have working knowledge Languages Identify languages speak/write/read Remember to include English among the list

Edit and proofread!

C.V. may be 2 – 20 pages depending on the number of activities and length of career

Page | 22

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Sample Résumé: YOUR NAME ALL CAPS AND BOLD Address, telephone, email address on one line Page | 23

Objective: Title of job listed using exact words the employer provides in the description (Bold headings, may use colon after heading or not, be consistent with typeset)

QUALIFICATIONS: (use either paragraph OR bullet format) Bullets or paragraph that delineates skills employer requires for the positon you are applying.

List in the order provided by the employer and pay attention to the requirements for the specific job. You may include licenses with numbers.

• Skill word or phrase • Skill word or phrase • Skill word or phrase • Skill word or phrase • Skill word or phrase • Skill word or phrase EMPLOYMENT: (Reverse chronological order starting with current or most recent) NAME CURRENT OR LAST EMPLOYER, Location (city, state) TITLE, Dates (*Choose to use uppercase for either name of employer or title or both. It is important to be consistent with typeset)  Provide bullets highlighting significant accomplishments  You may list 3 – 5 bullets highlighting significant accomplishments for each position  Use present tense of verb for current employer  Make certain the accomplishments will interest the employer which you are applying  You may use numbers, percentages, adverbs and adjectives to describe accomplishments NAME OF EMPLOYER, Location (city, state)* TITLE, Dates*  No periods at the end of bullets, except if using paragraph style for qualifications  Use past tense of action verb describing activity  Make certain the accomplishments will interest the employer that you are applying  Write concise, focused bullets  Use language found in the job description to describe skills associated with work accomplishments

NAME OF ORGANIZATION, Location (city, state)* VOLUNTEER TITLE, Dates*  Work history needs to provide a 10 year look back; include volunteer, seasonal, temp  Provide 3 – 5 bullets highlighting significant accomplishments and/or soft skills  Try not to repeat the same accomplishment for more than one job; showcase skills by providing information on work accomplishments  Use a font type size between 11 – 14; headings may be larger or smaller from text

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Name Page 2 of 2 RELATED EXPERIENCE: (usually no more than 3 jobs) NAME OF EMPLOYER, Location (city, state)* TITLE, NO Dates*  Use this section to highlight accomplishments that are from previous employment more than 10 years ago, not required to provide dates  Highlight accomplishments that show experience in a specific industry or  Transferable skills applicable to the job applying MILITARY: (if applicable, reserve and National Guard service may be included) Provide branch, rank, only list Honorable Discharge, security clearance, dates optional  Enlistment career identify accomplishments and specialized training  Provide information such as promotions, special duty assignments, commendations EDUCATION: (List in reverse chronological order starting with most recent) NAME OF INSTITUTION, Location (city, state) Degree, Honors, Major and Minor (List in reverse chronological starting with most recent You do not need to list every degree. Provide what the employer is seeking/prefers You may list university/college attended, but did not graduate-state number of semesters or credits completed) MEMBERSHIPS: Name of organization, Location Member, dates List offices or committees; include what is relevant to the industry, employer and job

Proofread, Proofread, Proofread, Edit, and Edit, Edit!

Items not to add to a résumé or C.V.: affection orientation, age, disability, ethnic/racial identity, Health status (height, weight, etc.), hobbies, marital/parental status, photograph, place of birth, political affiliations, or religious affiliations.

Page | 24

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Exercise Create and save a data sheet that includes information often requested by employers on the job application forms. The data sheet will save time and allow you to copy and paste information onto the form.

Sample Data Sheet Use this form to record all employment and education history. Add additional pages to complete.

It is easier to keep data on one form then copy and paste data onto an employment application.

Employment Name of Employer:

Dates: Month and Year

Street:

Tel.:

City:

State:

Title:

Supervisor:

Salary:

Start:

ZIP

End:

Reason for leaving: List major duties: Name of Employer:

Dates: Month and Year

Street:

Tel.:

City:

State:

Title:

Supervisor:

Salary:

Start:

ZIP

End:

Reason for leaving: List major duties: Name of Employer:

Dates: Month and Year

Street:

Tel.:

City:

State:

Title:

Supervisor:

Salary: Reason for leaving:

Start:

End:

ZIP

Page | 25

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

List major duties: Additional Employers: Education: Name of School:

Graduated:

Location:

Graduation Year:

Dates enrolled:

From:

Yes

No

To:

Degree/Certificate/Diploma: Courses/semesters/credits completed (if did not graduate) Honors Activities (include leadership positions) Name of School:

Graduated:

Location:

Graduation Year:

Dates enrolled:

From:

Yes

No

To

Degree/Certificate/Diploma: Courses/semesters/credits completed (if did not graduate) Honors Activities (include leadership positions) Additional Schools:

Some employers require the completion of personality tests or indexes. There are no study guides or preparation materials. Remember that you are applying for a position and answer profile questions based on employment not personal beliefs or circumstances.

Page | 26

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

What is the difference between a résumé and a job application?

The résumé is a professional marketing brochure written by the job seeker with the purpose of obtaining an interview.

The job application form is a document produced by the employer including a disclaimer that all information is subject to verification; therefore the application is to be considered a legal document. Be certain to thoroughly complete a job application. Any errors or blank spaces on the application may automatically screen out an applicant.

Proof read résumés, cover letters and applications BEFORE submitting to an employer!

Take a break between composing the documents and submitting the information to employers. Proof documents with a fresh pair of eyes!

Pay attention to application deadlines!

Update your data sheet as changes occur during your career including dates of employment, continuing education, certificates, employer addresses, manger/supervisor names, awards and changes in duties.

Page | 27

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Cover Letters A cover letter introduces your résumé to the employer. Therefore, tailor the content to the specific position. Read the application directions carefully since some employers require a cover letter while others do not. A brief, well written cover letter provides the prospective employer a writing sample, outlines exactly how you meet the qualifications and expresses what you can do for the employer. Be certain to use spell-check and carefully proofread all correspondences.

Applications Most employers require the completion of an online employment application. Be certain to complete the form. An incomplete application is one way employers screen out candidates whether or not they are qualified for the job. The application is a legal document. Be certain all information is correct, including dates of hire and departure from past jobs, graduation dates/degrees and salary information. All information you provide will be verified by the employer.

If you left a position within the past 10 years for reasons other than a resignation or lay off e.g. fired, use the phrase, ‘company decision and will explain.’

Be certain all of your references are available to comment. Some company policies prohibit staff from providing references for former employees.

Preferred references are current/former managers/supervisors. Prepare a separate document to carry with you including the name, title, employer and contact information: mail, email and daytime telephone number of three individuals who will provide a positive reference to a future company.

Ask for recommendations from former supervisors or managers via LinkedIn. You may copy and paste recommendations on a word document and bring it with you to an interview. This does not substitute a background check the employer may be required to conduct.

Page | 28

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Interviews How do I prepare for a job interview?

Candidates invited to interview at the company are much closer to a job offer. It means the employer believes you have the qualifications to do the job. What remains is for you and the employer to determine if you fit the company culture and manager’s expectations.

How do I prepare for the telephone interview?

Prepare for a phone interview similarly as you would for an in-person interview. Know about the job and employer. Do the research!

Remember: an interview is a business meeting! The telephone interview allows you to demonstrate communication and customer service skills. Be aware of your language. Using slang is not appropriate when talking to an employer. Avoid using euphemisms like ‘yeah’ or ‘ok’ instead of ‘yes,’ or ‘you know…’, ‘Stuff’. Remember to be yourself. No one is exactly like you or has the same accomplishments, experience and motivation that you have. The interview is a sales presentation.

“Be yourself because everyone else is already taken.”

-Oscar Wilde

A job interview is an opportunity to positively impress an employer and for the employer to sell the candidate to the company. You engage in a conversation to acquire information to influence a hiring decision. The employer is very interested in knowing more about you.

The following is a checklist of items to prepare you for a job interview: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

Directions to the location, name(s) interviewee(s); telephone numbers Picture identification and any requested material(s) Extra copies of cover letter and résumé Your business card Copy of the job description and company information References document Questions prepared in advance to ask (Remember to include asking for a business card) Paper tablet and 2 pens Portfolio to carry documents suitable for all types of weather Charged cellular phone; Remember to shut off/silence before the start of the interview Professional attire Check in the office of the interviewer no earlier than 10 minutes before the interview

Page | 29

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Do not wear heavy scents or clothing/accessories that are distracting Contacts and rĂŠsumĂŠs help you get the interview.

Interviews, applications, references and background checks determine who is hired.

Page | 30

What questions will the employer ask?

Be prepared to answer the following questions at the interview (as well as others): 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

Tell me about yourself.

Why do you want to work for this company?

Why did you leave last job/ want to leave your present position?

What salary are you seeking?

Tell me about your current/last job.

What do you do to relax outside of work?

What are your strengths?

What are your weaknesses?

How do you manage stress on the job?

What type of supervisor do you prefer?

Describe your attendance at work.

Tell me about a time you had to deal with a difficult customer, or co-worker or boss.

Are you able to work with a boss who is older/younger, male/female, minority, with a disability?

Give me an example of how you multi-task at work.

What do you do when you are having a bad day at work?

Describe a work problem and how you solved it.

Name one of your key accomplishments?

Tell me about a time when you did not achieve a goal.

How do you organize you work day or environment?

Why should I hire you?

Need assistance with questions? Click on the link www.levo.com/articles/career-advice.

Practice is the best preparation for job interviews! Visit http://mcphs.interviewstream.com for extra practice. The practice video may be reviewed by the MCPHS Alumni Career Advisor who will provide feedback. Remember that an interview, whether on the phone or in a one-on-one meeting or in a panel/group, is a sales presentation. Be positive. Listen! Maintain focus. Only two things matter during an interview: the employer and the job. You may take a few notes during the interview, names, follow-up information, however avoid copious notetaking.

Never leave an interview without knowledge of the next step in the hiring process, the time line to fill the position and business card/contact information for every person met during the interview.

Send a thank you to each person that interviews you.

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

References A professional reference is an individual who knows you as a colleague or employee.

Employers like to verify that a new hire is reliable, responsible, dependable and able to work with others, including people in authority. Past supervisors and managers are often requested to be references. Internship or fellowship supervisors are excellent choices. It is ideal to have at least three Page | 31 professional references. You are not required to use current or previous managers who will not offer a stellar reference. You choose who will be your references. Recent graduates may use a professor since work experience is not as extensive. Be certain to ask references personally to vouch for you.

Often, you will need to provide a prospective employer the name and contact information for the individuals you select as your references. Create a separate reference sheet with names and contact information and bring to each interview. Use the same header created for your résumé on the Reference Sheet.

Some larger corporations use online reference checks. Some of the questions asked will be about skills, strengths and weaknesses. Many hiring managers prefer to do their own reference checks. One question often asked is; would you rehire or be rehired? Select references that will answer, “Yes” without hesitation.

“Most of the important things in the world have been accomplished by people who have kept on trying when there seemed to be no help at all.”

Author Unknown

It is important to stay active outside your home if you are unemployed and able to work.

Being unemployed can be isolating and looking for work on the computer job boards will not bring the result you desire-a job!

Meeting & talking with people allows for an exchange of information including identifying contacts that may have just the information about a career, industry or specific employer you seek.

Never be ashamed to state you are seeking employment!

Remember to have your elevator speech handy! (The elevator speech is mentioned later).

You have talent and abilities an employer wants and needs.

Most employers put a higher value on a referral from someone inside the company. Get to know people who will help put you in contact with the hiring manager who has the opportunity you want!

Competition is a factor for most job seekers in the current market.

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

V.

Obtaining the Job

Ask for the job Before you leave the interview, shake hands, smile, and state your interest in the position.

Reiterate that you will call/email on the date the employer expects to make a decision if no message is received. Follow through!

Sample (Name of interviewer) thank you for the opportunity to interview for (name of job). I am very interested in working for (name of company) as the (name of position). This is a perfect match for my skills, interests and values. “I look forward to the second round of interviews”/ if it is the final interview state, “I look forward to negotiating an offer soon!” I await your response and if I do not hear from you (date employer stated when asked when a decision is expected) I will contact you via email or telephone (state the employer’s preference).

Employers are not always on schedule when responding to job candidate or making a job offer; be professional with all verbal and written communication.

After the interview As soon as possible after an interview, write a summary of the interview and save the data to reference later.

Be certain to provide professional thank you correspondences to each person who interviewed you. Correspondences may be formatted in the body of an email or an attached, printed, word processed document. Samples of interview follow-up correspondence are available through the Riley Guide www.rileyguide.com, posted on the MCPHS Alumni Career Services landing page.

When the deadline to contact has passed and the employer did not respond, do not assume the worst. Follow-up either by email or telephone using the preferred method identified by the employer during the interview and leave a message indicating you are very interested in the position (provide title) and await the decision. Do not continue to send messages even if your follow-up is not acknowledged immediately.

Page | 32

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Negotiate a Job Offer and Salary Being offered an opportunity to work for a company after an intensive search is fulfilling and truly uplifting! Listen and read carefully the information provided. You need to close the deal and may have clarifying questions about the offer: the start date, any required legal documents, identification, pre-employment physical, background check or other procedures. Most employers provide a written offer document but you may ask for a written offer letter if one is not provided.

Know how much time you have to communicate your decision. Usually a day or two is acceptable.

If you feel the salary is lower than expected, but within your range, you may ask for a higher amount within reason. It will not hurt to try to obtain a higher starting salary. Back up your request with factors that are important to the employer: experience, specific skills and special training are appropriate verses making a statement about what you are worth. Consider the compensation package, including salary and benefits. Know the labor market for the position you are seeking. The employer may need time to communicate a counter offer or state that the salary and compensation are not negotiable. Know in advance your acceptable salary range. You may not obtain the salary you requested, but it could be higher than the initial salary offer. Another option is to request a salary review following the probation period.

You may ask for a higher starting salary/wage. However, remember the information you obtained during the interview. Was the range for the position agreeable to you? Sometimes the rate of pay is tied to a contract or annual budget and there is no adjustment. If you do request a higher starting pay rate, have some data to support your request. This is where having related or transferrable experience can be helpful.

To obtain salary guidelines go to www.salary.com, www.rileyguide.com, www.onet.gov, www.payscale.com, www.indeed.com/salary, or www.glassdoor.com/.

Accepting or declining a job offer What you do with a job offer is up to you. Before accepting a job offer, whether it is temporary, part-time or full-time know the following information:        

Salary/wage, exempt or non-exempt employee and compensation package (you may be referred to the company website or material provided during interview) Start date, job location (maybe different from interview location) Work schedule: hours per week, days of the week Name of supervisor/manager Pre-employment medical examination: type, location and date Additional background checks Additional forms to complete Deadline date to accept offer

You may accept the offer before the deadline, however know the information listed above.

Follow directions and adhere to deadlines for an on-board meeting with human resources and completing addition forms either online or correspondence forwarded by mail.

Page | 33

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

If you decline an offer after considering all the factors, which may include speaking with family members, call the company representative who made the offer. Decline with grace, professionalism and be brief; Offer a thank you, mention that you considered the generous offer but reached a decision to decline. Follow-up with a written letter stating you decline. You do not need to provide a reason, although stating a factor is possible; too far a commute for day/parent care, no assistance with relocation, or accepted another offer are reasonable possibilities. Be truthful, but avoid personal Page | 34 information.

“Be the change you wish to see in the world.�

M. K. Gandhi

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

VI.

Starting a New Job

Probation period Most “at will� employees, either full or part-time, begin work on the basis of a probation Page | 35 period. This is a time when you are determining that the job is a good fit and the employer is observing and monitoring your work. The employer determines the length of the probation period, and at the end of the probation period, the manager will complete an evaluation. Probation may be extended for a specified amount of time. Some fringe benefits may be excluded during the probation period.

On-boarding and Orientation All employers in the United States must provide verification of citizenship and authorization to work in the country under a Visa. The form is titled I-9. Copies of an ID as well as other forms of identification are required. Employers may have additional health, security, criminal record (CORI), sexual criminal record verifications (SORI) or credit checks to complete. Any request is provided with the knowledge of the new employee usually by signing a permission to review the specific background information.

If there is any reason to believe unfavorable information may appear on any background information, the employer is required to provide a counseling meeting with the employee. All citizens have the right to know what is available on background reports. As a job candidate with a criminal record, know what restrictions and criminal record (CORI)/sexual criminal record verifications (SORI) rights you have in obtaining competitive employment. Some healthcare positions may be protected from individuals convicted of specific felonies. A probation office of the court will have all the necessary information.

Most employers provide an orientation to a position for new employees. All employers are required to provide benefits information in writing including healthcare as well as other options.

Read and reference material to know what is available and what the deadlines are for applying for specific benefits. Additional training for some positons may be required for new employees. Be certain to follow directions for required training.

Realistic expectations Like anything new, keep an open mind, ask questions, take notes, observe and put your best effort into doing a good job.

There are federal and state agencies available to assist competitively employed individuals.

You will find resources online under the United States Department of Labor (DOL), Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), National Labor Relations Board, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Social Security Administration (SSA), Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and state labor and workforce development departments.

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Summary Change is inevitable. It is a fact of life and rarely easy. A professional beginning a career will statistically change jobs and employers as much as seven times. Professionals in mid or end-of-career job searches may have worked for the same employer for decades, only to be faced with the reality Page | 36 of seeking employment. It is important to know your values, skills, and abilities in making satisfactory career decisions.

Keeping a positive attitude, maintaining and obtaining connections to people and seeking resources to assist with a systemic career transition is part of the impetus for creating the Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide. May your job search lead to a rewarding career!

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide

Comments/Feedback Please provide feedback on Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide to MCPHS Alumni Career Services at alumni@mcphs.edu. If you are seeking additional information please be specific. Thank you.

Page | 37

Acknowledgements The staff of the MCPHS University Center for Professional Career Development and Alumni Services.

Bhagyashree Oak, Graduate Assistant, PhD student in Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy

Navigating Choices: Online Career Resource Guide is published by MCPHS University Center for Professional Career Development and Alumni Services.