To Build Handbook
issue 5
Issue 5 • March 2012
Issue 5 • March 2012
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FOREWORD
issue 5 Now that the holidays, that threw our work environments into disarray, are behind us, it is with great excitement that we bring you issue 5 of TO BUILD, the first issue to boast the ABC certification of the handbook. TO BUILD is officially ABC certified as from this issue and, therefore, we guarantee our advertisers peace of mind with regards to circulation and circulation figures. The year has started off very well and we are looking forward to keep it that way. We would, once again, like to thank all our advertisers and editorial contributors for their constant support and interest in TO BUILD. We are looking forward to seeing all our advertisers on board our next issue, which is due out in July 2012, and which will also be distributed at Decorex Johannesburg in August 2012. We trust that you will enjoy reading this issue of TO BUILD.
Warm Regards
Elroy
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PUBLISHERS
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MEDIA XPOSE Excellence in exposure Shaun Mays Elroy van Heerden Cell: +27 72 365 4877 elroy@tobuild.co.za Tel: +27 21 433 1349 / 2309 Fax: +27 86 516 7277 PO Box 27337, Rhine Road, 8050 EDITOR Peter Muller Cell: +27 76 155 1113 editor@petermuller.co.za SUB-EDITOR Melinda Hardisty mjhardisty@gmail.com EDITORIAL CONTRIBUTORS Nonhlanhla Mashego Rethabile Mogaki David Beer Stephanie Forbes Lisa Taylor Fred Wagenaar Bina Morar
To Build Handbook
DESIGN & LAYOUT CDC Design Tel: +27 21 704 3319 cdcdesign@telkomsa.net
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ADVERTISING Rene van Heerden rene@tobuild.co.za Annelize Dias annelize@tobuild.co.za CONTENT CO-ORDINATOR Melanie Taylor Tel: +27 21 433 1349 / 2309 Fax: +27 21 433 1349 artwork@mediaxpose.co.za
Issue 5 • March 2012
ACCOUNTS Shaun Mays Tel: +27 21 434 5222 accounts@mediaxpose.co.za
Issue 5 • March 2012
PRINTED BY Tandym Print www.tandym.co.za Disclaimer: The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the publisher or its agents. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information published, the publisher does not accept responsibility for any error or omission contained herein. Consequently, no person connected with the publication of this journal will be liable for any loss or damage sustained by any reader as a result of action following statements or opinions expressed herein. The publisher will give consideration to all material submitted, but does not take responsibility for damage or its safe return.
COVER ART:
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issue 5 Foreword Editor’s Note News & Reviews Interview: Rudolf Opperman Project Focus: Jabulani Theatre Out & About Student Work: BHC School of Design Listing: Architects Listing: Interior Designers Listing: Building Contractors Advertisers Index
2 8 10 16 20 174 178 182 183 184 187
Divisions ARCHITECTS INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DÉCOR & DESIGN LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS ENGINEERS ROOFS FLOORS WALLS WINDOWS & DOORS CEILING & PARTITIONS HOME AUTOMATION ELECTRICAL, LIGHTING & AIR CONDITIONING BLINDS, SHUTTERS & AWNINGS FIRE PLACES AND BRAAIS KITCHENS & ACCESSORIES TIMBER DECKING BATHROOMS & ACCESSORIES MARBLE & GRANITE PAINT & DECORATIVE COATINGS SECURITY FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION & CONTRACTORS BRICKS AND PAVING CEMENT & CONCRETE GREEN BUILDING CORPORATE PROFILES
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CONTENTS Features
Inside Outside Spaces
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A Mommy’s Approach to Going Green 37 Mother [Nature] knows best
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Roofs and the Environment
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A nostalgic look at cow dung floors
55
Vinyl Industry commits to Product Stewardship Programme
57
Vertical Gardens – Evolution of the wall creeper
62
Making your building more energy efficient
67
Lafarge commitment to sustainability extended to transportation
73
Can building automation affect sustainability?
77
Appliances, you and your kitchen
97
Timber Floors
103
Laminated beams for structural applications
105
Getting back to nature
113
An early understanding of colour is essential to design
123
Recycling furniture & antiques
133
Cma adopts fresh approach to awards for excellence
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Free user-friendly, architect-designed, subsidy-housing building plans 149 Benefits of Sustainable Design: Environment
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NHBRC
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ArcelorMittal
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Design. Reliability. Excellence. T: 011 474 3040
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At Khanda we design, manufacture and install a range of seating suitable for auditoriums, lecture halls, stadiums and convention centers. We have great international partnerships which we rely on to compliment our range of locally manufactured seating solutions. Contact us on info@khandaseating.co.za
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Editor’s Note
Good design is not a set of tick boxes. Good design is just that, good design! More and more developments are implementing sustainable design interventions. It is, however, concerning that the majority of these are through legislation or client interventions, rather than based on guidance from built environment professionals. A colleague who serves with me on a SABS sub-committee, made a profound statement a while ago. Even though this statement was refering to the building regulations, it is as applicable to sustainable design, as it is to building regulations. I paraphrase, “Good design will comply with the regulations!� This statement is profound as it implies that, if you are a good designer and do a good design, you will take into consideration all the design elements, ensuring safety, accessibility, waterproofing, and all other items that would make a good building. Therefore, not requiring one to consider the specific requirements of regulations and guides, to measure your design against. Similarly, if you create a good design, you would not need to consider whether or not your design is sustainable. It would be automatically sustainable as you would have already considered location, climatic conditions, materials, indoor environmental quality, and all the other areas considered to contribute to sustainable design as part of your design process. With this in mind, we have to accept that not all clients and all budgets are looking for, or can afford, good design at this time. To this effect, we interviewed the National Regulator and asked some pertinent questions. I trust this issue will provide some further insight into the environmental benefits of sustainable design, as well as some answers on the tough questions regarding the building regulations.
Peter Muller Editor
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News & Reviews A MEGA COLLABORATION PROJECT – BUILDING CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS BOOK After several years of research and preparation, more than twenty reputable academia and professionals from various universities and institutions have contributed toward the much-needed and long-awaited Building Construction Standards book. A fundamental resource for practicing architectural, engineering, and construction professionals as well as students, Architective interprets the unique blend of South African architecture, interior architecture, and building construction methodologies through visual language. Due for release later this year “Architective - Building Construction Standards for South Africa” promises to be the number one reference manual on every one’s desk.
NCS COLOUR TRENDS 2012 NCS teamed up with Global Colour Research and Mix Publications to compile NCS Insight – showcasing 30 of the most important colours for 2012. The 2012 colours represent a level of respect and sincerity. They include a strong coverage of red and pink, developing into sumptuous browns, and range of golden yellows. Green remains dominant colour in the palette, with a range of crisp shades and some more nautical accents blurring into a range of blues and soothing lighter hues. Darker, smoky purples and blues reflect a more mature feeling contrasting well with the dusty grey scale tones in the palette. A small fan consisting of 30 colours is available at R300.00 – all proceeds of the sale will go to the Animal Anti-Cruelty League. If you want a copy of the new trend selection, or just want to know what colours are included, contact Lisa Taylor: e-mail: lisa@ncscolour.co.za, Tel: 0114863190, www.ncscolour.co.za
SA
BUILDING REVIEW 10
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ANNUAL ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCE HANDBOOK
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News & Reviews ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BULDINGS The Drawing Studio has developed an Energy Efficiency in Buildings: Supplemental Guide to SANS 10400-XA & SANS 204, in light of the recent promulgation of the Energy Efficiency Regulations and related SANS. The Supplemental Guide is intended to assist Architectural Professionals with the calculations contained in SANS 10400-XA & SANS 204. For more information visit http://www.arcdirectory.co.za/ drawing_studio_download.html or contact the Drawing Studio on tel 031-764 2401 or email drawingstudio@afrihost.co.za
PERSPEX ENTERS THE GLAZING MARKET IN A BIG WAY Perspex South Africa has long been associated with premium cast acrylic Perspex sheeting, and has recently acquired the exclusive rights to market and distribute the Polygal brand of multiwall polycarbonate. This product is an ideal roofing, cladding and glazing solution for the construction industry, and is becoming more relevant in line with the SANS 10400 regulations, based on its energy efficient properties. To illustrate this point, a 10mm thick standard profile Polygal sheet has a superior U Value when compared to double glazing, and is fraction of the cost, and it has vastly superior U Values to all its rival sheeting materials. Furthermore, due to the lightweight, yet virtually unbreakable, nature of the product, the cost of installation and reduced structural steel load bearing requirement offers significant cost savings. Perspex South Africa will be carrying stock of all the fast moving Polygal products and accessories, including sheet connectors, edge profiles and sealing tapes. For more information, or to arrange a presentation on the solutions offered, please contact Kyle Watkins, Business Manager at Perspex South Africa on 082 370 9899 or kyle.watkins@perspex.co.za.
BOOK NOW AND PAY IN 2013 For further Information please contact Shaun on: 021-433 1349 / 072 365 4877 advertising1@sabuildingreview.co.za
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News & Reviews GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL SOUTH AFRICA WITHDRAWS PVC MINIMISATION CREDIT In response to a query from To Build, Brian Wilkinson, CEO of GBCSA, confirmed after an extensive review, that, the Mat-7 PVC Minimisation credit is being withdrawn from the Green Star SA rating system. They indicated the process to be as follows: The Mat-7 PVC Minimisation credit would be omitted from the Green Star SA rating system in the following manner; • NEW TOOLS: The credit is to be deleted from the Green Star SA – Multi Unit Residential Version 1 and Green Star SA – Public Assembly & Education Version 1 rating tools, AND all future tools to be developed by the GBCSA; AND • EXISTING TOOLS: The credit is to be retained in the Green Star SA – Office v1 and Green Star SA – Retail Centre v1 rating tools UNTIL SUCH TIME as they are updated and released as Version 2. The GBCSA does not have a fixed date for the launch of either tool in Version 2; however it is anticipated, that for the Green Star SA – Office rating tool, this will be in the next two years. If a project is registered for a Green Star SA – Office Version 1 certification, the Mat-7 credit is available to target as per the current technical manual. Due to the structure of the Green Star SA rating system, and to ensure past certified projects are not disadvantaged, it is not possible to remove the Mat-7 PVC Minimisation credit from existing tools until they are upgraded to Version 2. “In late 2011 the Green Building Council of South Africa (GBCSA) completed a comprehensive credit review process for the Mat-7 PVC Minimisation credit which is one out of 69 total credits in the Green Star SA green building rating system. The GBCSA Technical Steering Committee (TSC) resolved to withdraw the credit after considering the outcomes of the credit review which involved stakeholder engagement through a PVC Expert Reference Panel and precedents set by other green building councils surrounding the treatment of PVC in green building rating tools. The withdrawal of the PVC Minimisation credit does not imply that PVC is or is not a “green” building material, nor that the GBCSA has endorsed, or given “the green light” to PVC. Statements implying that the GBCSA has endorsed a material by its exclusion from the Green Star SA rating system are inaccurate and considered misleading.” comments Brian Wilkinson, CEO of GBCSA. For further information contact the Green Building Council of South Africa, www.gbcsa.org.za. Also see the SAVA article on page 57 of this issue of To Build.
RETIREMENT VILLAGE REPLACES ASPHALT WITH CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING
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Loraine Williamson, a resident of St Michaels Retirement Village in Weltevreden Park, Johannesburg, gives the thumbs up, from her motorised shoprider, for the concrete block paving (CBP) recently installed on some of the village’s roads and parking areas. She says it’s a much better surface to ride on than the old tarred roads which were cracking-up and pothole prone. Other residents agree, and say that the paving provides a much safer surface both for walking and for wheelchairs. Over 4 000m² of CBP was laid in two phases, the first having been completed in 2009 and the second in September 2011. The project used 60mm multi-blend interlocking pavers, supplied by Cast Industries and Aveng Manufacturing Infraset, and was laid by TO BUILD | ISSUE www.mediaxpose.co.za Mondo5Paving and Retaining Walls – all members of the Concrete Manufacturers Association (CMA).
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News & Reviews EVOLO 2012 WINNERS ANNOUNCED:
THIRD
SECOND
FIRST
For more information on the winners or the Evolo competition, visit http://www.evolo.us/category/2012/
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Interview
The new National Building Regulations affect you! As editor of To Build, I recently had a long discussion with Rudolf Opperman, Technical Advisor from the National Regulator for Compulsory Specifications (NRCS). Our discussions both confirmed what many already realise, as far as the new regulations are concerned, and will be an eye opener for the rest in the built environment. A lot of the discussions were focused on SANS 10400 XA, as the focus of this issue of To Build is on sustainability and its environmental benefits, but we did cover various other parts where questions are still being asked in the industry. We bring you the general discussions in interview format as the information is pertinent to the industry. We also include some extracts from letters issued by the NRCS in recent times for reference. ED: The new National Building Regulations’ deemed to satisfy functional requirements (SANS 10400 series) came into effect over the last year or two. In a letter issued by your offices, you indicated the dates on which each of the SANS 10400 parts came into effect. These dates were the deadlines by which consultants could apply to their local council to have their design assessed under the old SABS 0400 requirements. With the exception of part XA, all these deadlines have passed. Part XA was given a two month period by the minister, does the six months, as allowed for by legislation, apply to part XA, or was the two month period that grace period?
RO: The National Building Regulations were rewritten and published by the Minister in 2008. Traditionally, the regulations and the standards were published at the same time. The old SABS 0400 had the regulations printed on a blue background and the standard on a white background, but published simultaneously. In 2007, a decision was taken to separate these two parts. This means that the regulations will now be published and regulated separately, while the standards will be published and managed independently. The regulations were promulgated and published in 2008, and effectively came into effect on that date. The SANS 10400 series was also announced at that stage, but one of the professional institutions made objections to it. But instead of objecting to the regulations, which are law, they did so to the standards, which caused the standards to grind to a halt. This meant that the regulations were in place and applicable and, for the first time, we were in a position where we had regulations without deemed to satisfy rules.
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INTERVIEW The saving grace was that the regulator announced a name change, from the SABS 0400 document to the SANS 10400 series. This meant that there was a set of half measure deemed to satisfy rules in place, which came from the old SABS 0400 document, with which we could carry on, but this was not ideal. This led to a process whereby all the relevant SANS 10400 documents were developed and published. This also meant that each document was published on a different date, for example SANS 10400 part S, was published in 2011, and this works. There are still three parts, which have not been published. Part B – Structure, Part H – Foundations and Part R – Stormwater. Those three parts have not been published for the simple reason that, during this period, the Minister of Agriculture and Land Affairs announced that geology must form part of the National Building Regulations, and it will fall under part B. As part B, which deals with structure, is closely linked to part H and part R, as storm water is dangerous when it comes to dolomite land, they were also held back. This means that dolomite land falls under the control of the National Building Regulations now. The standards for dolomite land, the SANS 1936 series, were not finished until December 2011. They are now being incorporated into part B of SANS 10400 and then it will have a domino effect on the other parts. The sub-committees indicated that the last three parts will be published within the next 3 months. This should clarify the process up until now. Extract from letter addressed to all professionals
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INTERVIEW Even though the regulations came into effect, there is a six month grace period, but because there were no changes to the deemed to satisfy rules, the grace period was not necessary. When the publication of the SANS 10400 series of documents began, in December 2010, they immediately came into effect, because the regulations had already been in effect for some time. Effectively, no grace period was applicable. The only time the grace period came into effect again, was with the publication of part X. Regulation X, when it was published, as detailed in Part A clause A2.6(c) became applicable. This means that, with the publication of Part X, which included part XA, published on 9 September 2011, even though it was already announced by the minister in 2010, asking for public comments, he further indicated that this regulation would come into effect within 2 months. The publication date was 9 September 2011, but the effective date was only 11 November 2011.
Extract from Government Gazette with publication of part XA
As soon as the regulation was published, on 9 September 2011, the industry has been warned, and they could use Part A clause A2.6(c), which states that, if you are busy with a design, and the regulations change, there should be a way to ask to be assessed under the old regulations, as it is impossible to change the design at a late stage to comply with the new regulations. Accordingly, you must inform the local authority of this, including a copy of your letter of appointment indicating the date on which the project commenced. This should state that you had been appointed before 9 September 2011, that you request exemption from the new regulations, and that your project should be assessed under the old regulations. They can then scrutinise your plans under the old regulations, if applied for within that period of six months from the time the act came into effect. After the six month grace period expires, you must comply. This provided, effectively, an eight month period to complete the work and submit the relevant documentation. The fact that many are only realising this now, is problematic, as you cannot go to the local authority and say, after it came into effect, that you did not know about it and want to apply under the grace period. This is not an excuse. You had to be appointed before the proclamation date in September.
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Project Focus
Jabulani Theatre – Colourful expression in the heart of Soweto Soweto is one of the areas where more and more developments are taking place. The City of Johannesburg has earmarked various developments in order to develop a cultural hub within the area around Jabulani Mall. One of these developments is the Jabulani Theatre, a colourful montage of shapes and forms, creating one of the most exciting buildings to be erected in Egoli in recent years. The site, situated next to the historic Jabulani amphitheatre, was earmarked for this development. Through a tender process, Afritects, a local architect firm, was appointed, based on their daring design for the development of the building complex. The building, with its large glass entrance, two swooping fortress wing walls, and three individually coloured boxes, creates an excitement achieved by very few other buildings.
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Project Focus As you approach the building, the curved wing walls are overwhelming, until you get a glimpse of the large glazed facade, with the expansive tensile structure entrance canopy. This provides an “entrance in the park�, as it faces onto the historic Jabulani amphitheatre, connecting history with the new developments in Soweto. The paved outside lobby, with traditional patterning incorporated in the paving, under the tensile structure, serves as a gathering place before a performance, as well as a venue for impromptu performances while patrons gather for an event. The two wing walls, with their finish of segmented sheeting, open up around the entrance, similar to two welcoming arms. Its finish and curvature makes you look past the welcoming feeling it creates, but rather makes you wonder what the architects were thinking, and even more, how they planned to achieve this. It was achieved through a new construction technology, which also assisted with the programme and the training and use of local labour. The walls are constructed through a sandwich construction method, with an insulated core, double sheet metal exterior finish, and a plastered interior. The wing walls house the administration offices, public bathroom facilities, the main stairs and VIP lounge. The latter, with its slanted walls, will surely spark a lot of discussion, especially when trying to lean against a wall that isn’t quite there. One of the concerns was that the building might be used as a canvas for graffiti. The approach adopted by the architects, to alleviate this concern, was to provide another use for the portion of the building that would usually be affected by graffiti. They turned the lower parts of the two wing walls into a curved area that can be used for skateboarding. This does not remove the possibility of graffiti, but rather adds to the character of the building.
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Project Focus
Housed behind the entrance, and between the two wing walls, lies the heart of the building, the theatre complex. Consisting of three theatres, each finished in its own unique colour. The main theatre houses a full stage, tiered seating for 420 patrons and a sound pit; it is finished in red and is the biggest of all three. A Black box theatre with a capacity of 180, is finished externally in blue. The smallest of the three theatres is finished in yellow, with a capacity of 90. Each of these three colour finishes is achieved through a combination of 2 shades of each colour, and a combination of matt and gloss finishes, creating a quasi-moiré pattern. To further emphasise the theatres, an effect of ‘floating boxes’ is created, through the use of an illuminated glass floor around them on ground level, while a glass strip separates the structure from the boxes at the upper levels. What makes the design of this building exceptional is that all three theatres are served by a single, centrally located, backstage area. This consists of communal dressing rooms, dedicated dressing rooms, storage areas for costumes and decor, as well as various other utility rooms. The result is an exciting building, using new finishes and new construction methods, which forms part of a new cultural hub in Soweto. The theatre will form part of the Jabulani Business Node, which will be focused on a zone of public space called the Cultural Heart. It will include the refurbished Jabulani Amphitheatre, parks, public art and other public amenities.
Design: afritects Design Team: Clara d. C. Almeida, Tatenda Mavunga, Sergio Duarte Architects: afritects
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rchitects Architects Architects Architects Archite Architects Architects Architects Architects rchitects Architects Architects Architects Archite Architects Architects Architects Architects rchitects Architects Architects Architects Archite Architects Architects Architects Architects rchitects Architects Architects Architects Archite Architects Architects Architects Architects rchitects Architects Architects Architects Archite Architects Architects Architects Architects rchitects Architects Architects Architects Archite Architects Architects Architects Architects rchitects Architects Architects Architects Archite Architects Architects Architects Architects rchitects Architects Architects Architects Archite Architects Architects Architects Architects architects rchitects Architects Architects Architects Archite Architects Architects Architects Architects Louise Wileman Architects....................................................................24
AMA Architects..............................................................................................25 Sharp Shop Architects....................................................................28 & 29
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INTERVIEW 18 Another thing that is concerning, is that people say that they will have to finish construction of the building in eight months from the date the regulation came into power, this is rubbish. The act clearly states that you must get your plans approved in that period, and that you must start construction within a year from the date of approval. This is another part of the act, and has nothing to do with this piece of the regulations. Your building does not need to be complete, you just need to commence with construction within a year. If you don’t, the possibility exists that other legislation could come into effect, which could make the building illegal. That is why you should commence with construction. Extract from letter addressed to all professionals
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INTERVIEW ED: As far as existing buildings, and their compliance with part S and part T of the new regulations, are concerned, from a wholistic point of view, if you do alterations and additions to an existing building, in part A clause A18(b)(2), it is stated that when alterations cause any existing escape route to be less effective, all the escape routes need to be altered. Where is the line of responsibility drawn when it comes to the application of the new regulations, especially relating to fire regulations and access for disabled persons regulations?
RO: This is a sticky problem, which has always existed. Not only with part XA, but when the first part S came into effect years ago, the question was raised, when you do a minor alteration, for example, a partition layout, and it changes, will you now be forced to change the ablutions to make them disabled accessible? Consensus was reached at that stage by the review board, that if you touch the bathrooms or the plumbing, then you will need to upgrade the bathrooms to comply with the relevant requirements. This is not described in legislation, but was an agreement reached. This leaves us with a rather grey area. If, for example, you have a 5 000 m2 retail shop and you add a 50 m2 admin office, the admin office must comply with the regulations, but you do not have to upgrade the whole 5 000 m2 shop to comply with the new regulations.
No law in South Africa is retrospectively applicable. In other words, if you have a model T Ford, without safety belts, it complies without them, unless you turn it into a road dragster, then you must add safety belts as you are then changing enough on the car, and you must comply with the relevant legislation. A similar logic applies to changes made to windows in an existing building. If a pane of glass breaks, say, in a school, you need to replace that pane of glass, and it must comply with the requirements of part N, which indicate that it must be safety glazing. You must comply with it for that pane of glass. It does not mean that you must spend millions and change all the other glass panes in the school. We need to be very careful when it comes to part XA, however, as it deals specifically with the building envelope. If you change any part of the envelope of the building, then the entire envelope of the building must comply with the regulations. Earlier we referred to a 5 000 m2 shopping centre and you want to change a small portion in the shop, for example a 100m2 refrigeration unit in the core of the shop, then you do not need to upgrade the entire building to comply with XA, as you are not touching the envelope. These are internal alterations only. 30
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Interview 27 This is not clearly stipulated in part A of the Act, and neither in part A of the standards. This is that grey area I mentioned earlier. It is almost left to the building control officer to make the call, but that call is open to interpretation and can be referred to the review board. So there is ‘give and take’ in the process, which will determine how it is applied. The same applies to part S. When will we force someone to install ramps? If no ramps are provided in a building and someone makes a small alteration, must they now install ramps? Yes or no? I don’t know. But luckily we have an Equality Court ruling(1) that says you are discriminating. Effectively, we hide behind this ruling now, as the National Building Regulations are not your problem at the moment, the court ruling mentioned, defines what must be provided and what not. They will hit you harder, and with a bigger stick, than the Building Regulations. It is best to advise your client of the requirements and if you don’t, you will be discriminating in terms of the court ruling. And it has nothing to do with the National Building Regulations. The National Building Regulations talk about the access and use of the building, but you must comply with the equality court ruling, which says you are discriminating. It is a totally different ball game. (1) Lettie Hazel Oortman / St Thomas Aquinas Private School and Bernard Langton; Equality Court Case No 1/2010
ED: While we are on alterations and additions and the review board topic. If I alter a house with steel frame windows, where it is practically impossible to comply with the air infiltration requirements of part XA, as they cannot be tested, and I have to alter the envelope of the building, must I now replace all my windows with aluminium or uPVC or timber window with a gasket that comply with the requirement? Also, Part XA refers to fenestration, defined as any opening with glazing. A wooden door with a 50mm gap at the bottom and vent bricks is not addressed at all, which means air infiltration was not sufficiently addressed in the Standard.
RO: If the window area does not exceed 15% of the floor area, you are within the deemed to satisfy requirements. If it exceeds the 15%, then you are required to do a rational design. You can then go back to energy usage. You must do the calculations and decide. Is it going to be cheaper to remove all the steel windows and replace them with windows that comply, or are there other processes you can follow to make your building comply? Which of these will be the cheapest?
That is only the windows portion. Things like roof insulation is a more difficult one to comply with, windows are the easy ones. If you don’t comply with the deemed to satisfy requirements, then you must go back and do a rational design. That rational design must then come up with a solution that complies.
ED: There is currently a lot of confusion between SANS 10400 XA and SANS 204. Can you confirm that SANS 10400 XA is the minimum deemed to satisfy requirements to comply with the law, while SANS 204 is almost a best practice guide for energy efficient design?
RO: Let’s take a step backwards. There is an act of parliament, and that act says that the building industry will be regulated. In other words, it gives empowering legislation, but it does not tell you how to do it. Then there is a whole set of regulations that are empowered by that act and they say how we will regulate the 81 building industry. It breaks the building down into its components, or things that need to be regulated.
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INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR EXTERIORdesign DESIGNdecor & DÉCOR interior and &exterior INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR DESIGN & DÉCOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR Limelight Design............................................................................................33
Unique Stone and Garden Décor....................................................34
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EDITORIAL
Inside Outside Spaces Rethabile Mogaki
danishdessert.blogspot.com
The concept of inside-outside space is based on the idea of using and manipulating form, space, material and light to soften and, to an extent, remove the barrier between the two opposing environments…
www.homedsgn.com
The notion of keeping man connected to nature, both visually (or rather psychologically), as well as physically, is one of the most basic and fundamental applications in architectural and spatial design. As sustainable development has revealed so far, the approach to, and perception of, the built and natural environments as two separate entities, is both contradicting and detrimental to, not only the ecosystem, but also to the health of man in general. The concept of inside-outside space is based on the idea of using and manipulating form, space, material and light to soften and, to an extent, remove the barrier between the two opposing environments, without compromising either the internal intimacy of the building, or its weather line. This is achieved through engaging four of the human senses; sight, smell, touch and hearing.
Some of the most common methods that can be used to blur the boundary and create these ambiguous spaces include the use of the following: • Maximised glazing, allowing for direct visual and audible access to the external, dynamic natural lighting (i.e., rhythmic lighting and shadows moving according to time of day), as well as passive ventilation. (Holmes, 2010) • Cantilevered structures, outcrops, roof overhangs, extended surface beds, decking or outwardly projecting walls to create intermediate spaces such as garden rooms, courtyards, decks, balconies, patios, terraces and verandas (Skinner, 2003, 2). • Continuous floor levels, from inside out, with flattened thresholds to eliminate that defining boundary line. Ground drainage along the perimeter, however, would need to be extensively detailed. The first thing to consider is sloping and draining the floor away from the building. A standard for drainage includes a subfloor system, usually consisting of a channel incorporated into the finish layout, with a slatted strip covering it. A concealed version, with the channel fitted beneath decking or paving tiles, is also available. (Holmes, 2010) • Continued materials, from inside out on walls, floors and ceilings, to create a continuous plane with no defining point of boundary. On floors, specifically, preferably use materials which are also suitable for external use (such as natural stone, tiles, or timber decking - sized and laid to mimic the internal finish) with a subtle difference in texture and strength to better suit the external conditions, thus avoiding weathering and frequent need for maintenance. (Holmes, 2010) • Internal vegetation, which can generally be applied throughout the building, creating a direct physical contact with nature. This can be in the form of pot plants, planters or vertical gardens (see page 65). Aside from improving indoor air quality, internal vegetation has also been proven to enhance occupant psychological well being. References: 1. Holmes, M. 2010. Inside Outside Spaces renovating. TO BUILD | ISSUE 5 - Design Solutions. Home building and www.mediaxpose.co.za [Online] Available: http://www.homebuilding.co.uk/feature/inside-outside-spaces-design-solutions 2. Skinner, P.R. 2003. Reflections on Inside-Outside Spaces. [Online] Available: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/eserv/UQ:3545/insideoutsidetext.pdf
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Unique Stone & Garden Decor is a supplier as well as a manufacturer of sandstone, wall cladding, cobble SDYLQJ Ă DJVWRQHV VWHSSLQJ VWRQHV garden pots, garden furniture, water features and tiles. We suppliers of pebbles of all sizes and types as we crush, tumble and sort to size at out factory in Joostenbergvlakte. We supply all the different types and sizes of geniun sandstone cladding products direct from Lesotho Stone mine in Lesotho. Products available to all nurseries, landscape designers and public. For further information contact: Telephone: 021 987 2589 079 895 5365 - Natie 082 495 6555 - Elmarie E-mail: uniquestone@vodamail.co.za Address: Boy Briersstraat Joostenbergvlakte
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cts Landscape Architects Landscape Architects pe Architects Landscape Architects Landscape cts Landscape Architects Landscape Architects pe Architects Landscape Architects Landscape cts Landscape Architects Landscape Architects pe Architects Landscape Architects Landscape cts Landscape Architects Landscape Architects pe Architects Landscape Architects Landscape cts Landscape Architects Landscape Architects pe Architects Landscape Architects Landscape cts Landscape Architects Landscape Architects pe Architects Landscape Architects Landscape cts Landscape Architects Landscape Architects pe Architects Landscape Architects Landscape cts Landscape Architects Landscape Architects pe Architects Landscape landscape Architects architects Landscape cts Landscape Architects Landscape Architects pe Architects Landscape Architects Landscape Living Walls – Vertical Landscapes..................................................36
YZ Gardens........................................................................................................38 Servest Landscaping..................................................................................40
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Living Walls-Vertical Plantscapes Tel: 011 892 0049 Cell: 073 339 8271 Fax: 086 274 4599 E-mail:info@livingwalls.co.za/ info@verticalplantscapes.co.za www.verticalplantscapes.co.za ARCHITECTURAL ARCHITECTURAL CONCEPT CONCEPT BY BY RYAN RYAN HARBORTHHARBORTH- DURBAN, DURBAN, SOUTH SOUTH AFRICA AFRICA
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EDITORIAL
A Mommy’s Approach to
| g n Gori een G Bina Morar
As wafts of the COP17 Climate Change Conference, recently held in Kwa-Zulu Natal, gently sift into the distance, buzzing around still, are words like solar energy, going green, rainwater harvesting, recycling – and the list continues. All well and good to throw these words into building presentations but one has to indeed practice what one preaches. Having recently moved into a new house, we quickly found the land gradient’s unwillingness to contribute to sustainable water drainage in critical areas. To make matters worse, the large land patch areas, ideal in size for vegetable growth, would only receive moisture from the heavens if not serviced by expensive artificial water supply means. Coupled with this, the location of the waste pipes into the gullies was downstream from these areas and the rainwater downpipe positions did not lend themselves to contributing to rainwater harvesting for our family of avid gardeners. So began our mission to channel grey water and harness rainwater before the wet season began. The Elder in our family was raised on a farm, so “typical” vegetables, like gourd, fresh legumes, madumbiplant, chillies, holy basil and curry leaves were always grown at home. Having this skill has resulted in my mud-loving 2-year old also taking up the spade and gleefully spending hours collecting water from faucetfitted containers at each shortened downpipe and watering new sprouting heads. An old pool pipe now snakes its way around the courtyard wall to the madumbi-plants’ trough-shaped patch at the boundary, even further down-land from the gullies. Sharing this trough-garden are, recently acquired, Arum Lily shoots, graciously given to me by a colleague who has a man-made river running through his property, the previous home to these lilies.
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Renaldo and YZ Gardens uses auto cad for designs and offers the following services: • Design – A full spectrum of Landscaping from revamps to layout and installation of completely new projects, including moine edging and new lawns. • Seasonal planting of annuals • Paved seating areas • Supply of ornamentation • Consultation • Project Management • Maintenance
Tel: (011) 440 9171/3 www.renaldoandyzgardens.co.za
In addition to the above services we liaise extensively with specialists in the field of: • Decking • Irrigation • Water features and pools • Lighting
Tel: (011) 440 9171/3 E-mail: yzgarden@mweb.co.za Website: www.renaldoandyzgardens.co.za
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EDITORIAL We now have a fledgling gourd plant slowly creeping up the boundary wall that has just produced three large gourds, ranging in length from 40cm to 80cm. Because of the weight and size of these vegetables, a structure made of unused burglar bars and material scraps forms a lean-to support for the plant. Also attempting to cover the boundary wall is a black-eyed bean creeper that has produced more than two handfuls of pod-covered legumes in one collection. Sharing our horizontal vegetable patch are carrots, beetroot, tomatoes, coriander, peppers, and spinach – all shaded by a much-loved peach tree. Every mother’s dreaded time of the year was fast approaching – THE BIRTHDAY! Predictably, the thoughts of cartoon themes, appropriate venues, and, the party norm, plagued my thoughts with no end. Ideally, one would look at those themes most identifiable to the toddler and base the birthday cake sculpture and décor on – but what if your toddler is a “Barney” fan one day and a dance diva the next?
Having a party mid-November has the advantages of sunny weather, the start of the count-down to the festive season, and also the promise of the wet season fast approaching. This was the perfectly conducive conditions for a garden-themed birthday party. Cupcakes and tea were not the order of the day as the invitees were tasked to, firstly, choose a seedling to pot and retain as a souvenir. The children then, together with their parents, each chose a seedling to plant in a soft soil-turned birthday remembrance garden. The guardian of this floral garden is a ceramic frog named Freddie and the chief gardener is my toddler. Granted that a few of the seedlings have since ultimately perished due to her constant prodding and smothering – she now has resolved to keeping a close eye on her garden with minimal finger-interference. Going green is more than planting fancy indigenous landscaping and prettifying a desert below. Environmental sustainability requires a mind-set change. As built-environment professionals, we can indeed plant the seed and initiate the process; however, the maintenance of this process must be cultivated at grass-roots level – all puns excused.
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Keeping your environment growing. A landscaped and well-maintained exterior environment where you work, live or play improves your sense of well-being. Servest Landscaping understands the importance of creating and maintaining environmentally conscious landscapes for commercial and industrial organisations, recreational, entertainment and retail establishments and the property development market. We have more than 40 qualified horticulturalists, an in-house design team and all the equipment and expertise it takes to make your landscape work for you.
Servest Landscaping - A Division of the Servest Group Servest Connect 0860 22 55 84 website www.servestlandscaping.co.za Email landscaping@servest.co.za
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ngineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers ngineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers ngineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers ngineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers ngineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers ngineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers ngineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers ngineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers engineers Engineers Engineers ngineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Vital Engineering.........................................................................................42
Genrec Engineering...................................................................................44 Charles Pein and Partners ................................................................. 46
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EDITORIAL
Strpuirctedurbey insnature Munich Olympic Stadium
Mother [Nature] knows best Rethabile Mogaki
For centuries, Mother Nature has maintained the mastery in the invention and engineering of various biological structures and systems, having long ago solved the many problems found in the built environment today. BIOmimicry, BIOmimics or BIOmimetic design, is a new discipline in architecture and engineering, offering diverse potential for increased functionality within non-biological structures and systems, as well as opportunity for a more cultivated integration between the two environments. The founding principles lie in the regard of nature as a prototype for advanced, as well as sustainable, innovation and development; from the selection and processing of materials, to the operation of various structural components as co-operative and inter-linked systems. This approach does not focus on the extraction of physical matter from the natural world but rather the extraction of the logic and understanding from studying the forms, processes, systems and strategies, evident in the very nature of what we are, where we inhabit, as well as co-inhabit. The idea of looking to nature for inspiration is not new to human innovation and has, over time, been a field of study within disciplines such as Mathematics, Science, Electronics, and Robotics (Smith 2009: 229). In building construction, however, nature has almost exclusively been applied as a physical model, mimicked only in form; aesthetically in architecture, and structurally in engineering (although usually with minimal comprehension, and limited to a simple physical aspect of an organism (Zari: 033)). Some of the early applications of Biomimicry in Architecture and Engineering were during the 18th and 19th centuries, appearing in the works of designers such as Joseph Paxton, with “The Lily House” in Strasbourg, and the “Crystal Palace” (both inspired by the radial rib structures in the Victoria Lily leaf), as well as Frei Otto, with the “Munich Olympic Stadium” (inspired by the tensile structural properties of a spider web) (Omondi 2007: 12). Although the fundamental principles were evident at that stage, the ideas could only be executed to a small ratio of their overall potential; this being due to technological constraints as well as a still young and “immature” understanding of the more scientific approach to naturally inspired structures. Despite the amount of research currently being done globally on Biomimicry in the built environment, most of the success and progress has been mainly on materials and products (Zari: 033). Very few of the studies carried out on structure have managed to move past conceptual stage and materialise into ready-to-apply methods of construction. Nevertheless, the products and materials, together with
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GENREC AD CHOSEN FINAL staggere
17/1/12
09:12
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At Genrec Our values deliver Your vision
At At Genrec, Genrec, we we know know that that aa company’s company’s products products are are aa reflection reflection of of the the team team that creates them. Our people are the underlying force driving the delivery that creates them. Our people are the underlying force driving the delivery of of your your vision vision with with embedded embedded values values to to deliver deliver beyond beyond our our customers’ customers’ expectations. expectations. Working with honesty, accountability and care, our collective team is committed to fabricating innovative steel solutions to meet your specific needs. Genrec’s capabilities extend from Total Project Management; Design & Detailing; Light, Medium & Heavy Structural Fabrication; Planning and Programming to Erection. The company also retains the in-house capacity and competency to conduct precision Heavy Machining. At Genrec, our team is happy to discuss the value we can add to your projects with our resources, be that a single capability or the entire project offering.
Our Values | Honesty and Integrity | Accountability | Care | Respect | Commitment
Genrec Engineering (Pty) Ltd. Tel: +27 11 876 2300 | Fax: +27 11 827 1722 Cnr Dekema & Niemann Roads, Wadeville, 1428, South Africa E-mail: sales@genreceng.co.za Web: www.genreceng.co.za
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EDITORIAL various structural components being researched and developed, could potentially influence, and lead to breakthrough to, more sophisticated and multifunctional structural systems as those found in nature. Listed below are a few of the currently pioneering biomimicy research studies that are based on developing structural performance. 1. Typically, in construction, structural elements and systems are identified by isolated, solid masses, purposefully designed to serve a sole function. Biomimetic structures should strive to imitate the integrated, multi-functionalism distinct in natural structural systems, such as the human skeletal system, which serves both the functions of support and providing protected internal area for the production of blood cells. Mark C. Waggoner and Dirk Kestner are looking at tensile structures and their ability to mimic this flexibility in functionalism, through conducting a study based on a combination of the “principles of force-density form finding method with a series of rules derived from cell growth theory” (Waggoner and Kestner 2010: 2852). 2. TECTONICA Architecture, a Puerto Rican based firm, is also looking to the human skeleton for inspiration, in this case, to develop an earthquake resistant structural system. Through studying the skeletal structure, they have identified a possible solution for a structural response to lateral loads produced during an earthquake. The researchers are mimicking bone formation, based on Wolff’s law, which suggests that the bone structure’s anatomy reflects the common stresses it encounters. This simply means that the tissue will grow only where it’s going to be functional. The Stick System (STICK.S), a proposal by the original founder of the idea, architect Wilfredo Méndez, has experimented with hollow-shaft columns and beams whose morphology was adapted to its bending moment diagram. (Fox et al 2011) 3. Nano Vent-skin (NVS), by designer Agustin Otego, is a conceptual project based on the development of a multifunctional facade. The project experiments with using nanotechnology to produce a cladding skin made out of micro wind turbines, performing various functions such as absorbing and transforming natural energy, as well as absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. (Malayeri 2009:37) Today, with the introduction and movement towards sustainability, together with the advancements in technology and various fields of study such as Biological Sciences, Nano Engineering and Nano Technology, Biomimicry now has a more stable ground, with a wider range of possibility for growth and development.
References: 1. Fox, M. Mesghali, E. Ruthrauff, H. 2011. Bio-structure Bone-inspired Building Frame by TECTONICA. Biomimetic Architecture. [Online] Available: http://biomimeticarchitecture.wordpress.com/2011/05/23/biostructure-bone-inspired-building-frame-by-tectonica/ [2012, January] 2. Malayeri, S. 2009. Biomimicry in Building. [Online] Available: http://www.kea.dk/uddannelser/keabyggeriproduktion/om-byggeriproduktion/biblioteket/projects-english/ [2012, January] 3. Mahmoud, E. 2010.Biomimicry: A New Approach to Enhancing the Efficiency of Natural Ventilation Systems in Hot Air. [Online] Available: http://www.pa.upc.edu/Varis/altres/arqs/third-internationalseminar-arquitectonics-network-tercer-seminario-internacional-arquitectonics-network/comunicacions/ elghawaby-mahmoud/at_download/file [2012, January] 4. Omondi, P. 2007. “Shaping the future with bionic buildings”. Construction Review. p. 12. 5. Mark, M.C. Kestner, D. 2010. Biomimicry and Structural Design: Past, Present and Future. [Online] Available:ftp.eng.auburn.edu/../304.pdf [2012, January] 6. Smith, I.F.C. 2009. Control Enhancements of a Biomimetic Structure. [Online] Available: http://www.kea.dk/uddannelser/kea-byggeriproduktion/om-byggeriproduktion/biblioteket/projectsenglish/ [2012, January] 7. Zari, M.P. Biomimetic Approaches to Architectural Design for Increased Sustainability. [Online] Available: http://www.cmsl.co.nz/assets/sm/2256/61/033-PEDERSENZARI.pdf 8. Munich Olympic Stadium. MIMOA [Online] Available: http://mimoa.eu/projects/Germany/Munich/ Olympic%20Stadium%20Munich [2012, January] 9. What is Biomimicy?. Biomimicry Institute [Online] Available: http://biomimicryinstitute.org/about-us/ what-is-biomimicry.html [2012, January]
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oofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs oofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs oofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs oofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs oofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs oofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs oofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs oofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs oofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Roofs Marley Roofing.............................................................................................48 Bluescope Steel...............................................................................................49 Mitek.......................................................................................................................52
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EDITORIAL
Roofs and the Environment
Nonhlanhla Mashego
Roofs are one of the most important parts of any building, a defence system against the elements, a primary means of providing shelter. However, in the case for roofs, who or what stands in defence of the collective environment? As we sit comfortably (or not so comfortably) in our micro and “sheltered” environments, are we aware of the negative affects we impose on our earth as we go about the construction of these shelters?
Though the three spheres of sustainability are interconnected, intertwined and interchangeable, let’s focus particularly on roofs and the physical environment. Can we create comfortable indoor environments that are in harmony with our outdoor environment? Green and brown roofs have taken to the spotlight recently, as a means of alleviating the carbon footprint created by the architecture, building and living industries. They come in different types and they are an adaptation of the conventional roof construction methods, predominately an adaptation of concrete frame construction, in order to allow for plantation. These, according to The Design Guidelines for Green Roofs, are beneficial in the following ways: they perform well in both thermal and sound insulation; the vegetation brings back the ecological balance and encourages the return of wildlife, and provides an aesthetic appeal that, for example, ‘concrete jungles’ have lost; they reduce the effects of the Urban Heat Island, and they provide a better means of handling storm water. (Peck. M and Kuhn. M)
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EDITORIAL Having now mentioned conventional roof construction methods, how do these impact the environment, and what sort of internal environments do they make? The most common construction methods for roofs in South Africa is concrete, timber frame construction, and steel frame construction (these methods are favoured differently according to their cost implications, and depending on the size and type of the project). These methods do not use only one mentioned/named material. For example, timber frame construction will also use insulation, a roof covering (clay tiles, concrete tiles, fibre cement or metal sheeting, to name a few), guttering, ridging, ceilings, and painting materials. When deciding to construct a roof that is environmentally sound, do we look at each material in isolation, or do we look at all the materials that would make up the roof system? Naalamkai Ampofo-Anti, of the CSIR Built Environment, answers the above question beautifully in her paper. The focus here is LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), which analyses the material, its embodied energy, and the effects it has on its environment, from its birth till the end of its lifespan. That is to say, we would study and follow the material through all its life stages, from raw material form, to the manufacturing and distribution process, to its use and maintenance and, finally, to its disposal. During a post-use analysis, steel and concrete are said to release and emit a higher level of pollutants and greenhouse gases in comparison to wood (2009, Ampofo-Anti). One of the fundamental and defining principles of environmental sustainability is that construction materials should be locally sourced, and the manufacturing and distribution phase of the Life Cycle Assessment would deal with this issue. As already mentioned, the steel, the timber, or the concrete are not the only materials that go into roof construction, therefore one would have to analyse each material according to its LCA. Using the results of that analysis for each material, the designer would then have to look at the quantities of each material and work out the performance and the sustainability of the roof construction as a whole. Roof coverings also have an impact on the effects that roofs have on nature. Thatch is growing increasingly popular. Because of its green credentials, it proves to be kind to both indoor and outdoor environments. It is a completely natural material, and so are most of the materials involved in the assembly of thatch roofing. It is said to provide natural sound and heat insulation and it is much cheaper than tiled roofs using the same structure as thatch roofs. (The Wood Foundation Brochure, www.thewoodfoundation.co.za)
References: • 2009, Naalamkai Ampofo-Anti, CSIR Built Environment, Green Building Handbook for South Africa Chapter: The environmental impacts of construction materials use: a life cycle perspective • Specifile – June 2007, Good Roofing Practice and concrete roofing • Robert L. Fulmer, 2006, Tile roofing systems: analysis and inspection techniques for roof consultants • 1993, Pretoria, Department of Public works: specification of materials methods to be used fourth revision • Steven P and Monica K., (B.E.S., B. Arch, O.A.A), Design guidelines for green roofs • www.tiasa.org.za • www.solidworks.com • www.biosciencemag.org • www.thewoodfoundation.co.za • www.thatchit.co.za
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Timber Nail Plated Trusses Light Gauge Steel Trusses Steel Wall Framing Full engineering service & guarantee on all products Unmatched Quality provided in over 200 countries
MiTek Industries South Africa (Pty) Ltd Midrand: 011 237 8700 Durban: 031 700 6332 P.E: 041 581 7525 Cape Town: 021 905 0244 E-mail : marketing@mitek.co.za
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Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floo Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floo Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floo Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floo Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floo Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floo Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floo Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floorsfloors Floors Floors Floors Floo Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floors Floo Natural Quartz Flooring....................................................................54 Bates Access Flooring...............................................................................56 Cemcrete ...........................................................................................................58
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Tel: 0 83 608 9850 Steven 082 498 8049 Coenrad Fax: 0866723417 Email: steven@twogroup.co.za coenrad@twogroup.co.za
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EDITORIAL
A nostalgic look at cow dung floors The thought of cow dung brings back childhood memories of when I’d watch my grandmother building low, decorative garden walls from a mixture of cow dung and mud a mixture I used to look down upon with disgust and disbelief! Why smelly cow dung, of all things?!
Rethabile Mogaki
Lining the floor with cow dung
An ancient building component in rural and vernacular construction, cow dung has, for years, been applied to floors and walls all around world. Externally it operates as a waterproofing layer to huts, and even as a layer of insulation in some cold regions. According to my grandmother, M.E. Mphuthi (a retired expert in this rather organic building medium), for the lining of a compact earth floor, a good mix has the proportions of 2 wheel barrows of soil and half a wheel barrow of cow dung, as well as enough water to create a sticky paste. Other mixing formulas, such as those practiced in different parts of the Philippines, consist of cow dung and ground “puso-puso” leaves, or sometimes dried rice stalks and water (Making Flooring...2011: 1). Generally, the lining takes up to a day (at most) to dry, resulting in a dark brown, hard and odourless surface. For maintenance, an occasional reapplication of 2 to 3 layers, depending on the level of weathering, should be enough. Although far from the aesthetic standards of modern flooring products, benefits such as its insect repellant, and anti-bacterial properties, make it a considerable organic and sustainable option. Moreover, the process is fairly easy and cost-effective, with an abundant supply of material for both construction and maintenance. Researchers at the Michigan State University are currently attempting to develop a flooring particle board made from dried up and sterilised cow dung, replacing what would typically be saw dust in common fibre boards. The cow dung fibres are stronger and more self-binding compared to wooden fibres thus requiring fewer chemical binders to form (Bednar, 2011: 1). – Talk about useful POO! References: 1. Bednar, D. 2011. Cow dung mud paste. Strawbale Studio NATURAL BUILDING [Online] Available: http://strawbale.pbworks.com/w/page/38537742/Cow%20dung%20%20mud%20paste [2012, January] 2. Pilloton, E. 2010. Eco Floors Made From Cow Poo!. Inhabit [Online] Available: http://m.inhabitat.com/ flooring-made-from-cow-patties/ [2012, January] 4. Lining the floor with cow dung. Lesedi - Place of Light [Online] Available: http://malisa.viawias.com/ lesedi.html [2012, January] 5. Making Flooring out of Carabaro/Cow Dung. Entrepreneur Tips and Advice [Online] Available: http:// www.entrephelp.mixph.com/?p=14 [2012, January]
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Advertorial
Vinyls Industry commits to Product Stewardship Programme Monique Holtzhausen-Hinds
The 24 members of the Southern African Vinyls Association (SAVA) have committed themselves to the responsible and sustainable use of PVC, with the signing of the industry’s Product Stewardship Programme (PSP). “Our Product Stewardship Programme is a series of achievable commitments that address the industry’s environmental issues and forms the cornerstone of the Association’s focus and activities,” explains Delanie Bezuidenhout, CEO of SAVA. The Product Stewardship Programme, which was voluntarily signed by the SAVA members, consists of five fundamental key areas, namely: • A commitment to the responsible and sustainable use of additives, including (but not limited to) stabilisers, plasticisers, pigments and Bisphenol A. • A commitment to the responsible and sustainable Vinyl recycle programme that quantifies the opportunity for recycling in post-production and post-consumer waste, and sets realistic and sustainable goals. • Ensuring open and effective communication with industry role players, the public and government, in order to correct perceptions about the science, reality and local applicability of PVC. • Ensuring industry health through product, market, and application opportunities, thereby improving human capital and overall growth, prosperity, and sustainability of the vinyl industry. • Ensuring a fully functional industry initiative that adds value to both members, and the industry, by growing a sustainable membership base with an effective marketing plan. “PVC has, in recent years, received a bad rap from environmentalists, the public, and the media, who are, in many cases, unaware of the hard work being done behind the scenes to ensure that vinyls are environmentally safe and sustainable”, she says. “SAVA aims to raise awareness of the good qualities of PVC”. Being part of a successful industry, implies accepting a responsibility towards others in that industry, to join forces, to share ideas, and to turn ideas into action. For this reason, SAVA actively participates in knowledge transfer activities with the Australian Vinyls Council, The Global Vinyls Council, Vinyls Plus, and other international organisations. Since its inception a little more than year ago, SAVA has already made significant inroads by convincing the Green Building Council of SA to withdraw the Mat-7 PVC Minimisation credit from the Green Star SA rating system, and not to replace it with an alternative version. Says Bezuidenhout: “We are proud of the fact that the GBCSA acknowledged the progress our industry has made to date, and that they have deemed the transition in the local vinyls industry to be on par with that of the Australian PVC industry.” SAVA has set realistic timeframes and goals for the delivery of key undertakings in the production and storage, the safe and sustainable use of these additives, waste management thereof, and research and public reporting.
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Cement Innovation Cemcrete is one of the leading manufacturers ŽĨ ĐĞŵĞŶƚͲďĂƐĞĚ ĚĞĐŽƌĂƟǀĞ ĐŽĂƟŶŐƐ͘ tŝƚŚ ĂŶ ĞdžƚĞŶƐŝǀĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ƌĂŶŐĞ ƚŚĂƚ ŝŶĐůƵĚĞƐ ǁĂůů ĐŽĂƟŶŐƐ͕ ŇŽŽƌ ĐŽĂƟŶŐƐ ĂŶĚ ƐǁŝŵŵŝŶŐ ƉŽŽů ĐŽĂƟŶŐƐ͕ ĞŵĐƌĞƚĞ ĂůƐŽ ŽīĞƌƐ ĂŶ ĞůŝƚĞ ƌĂŶŐĞ ŽĨ ďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůƐ ƚŽ ĂŝĚ ĚƵƌŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĐƟŽŶ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐ͘
Why Choose Cemcrete? ĞĐĂƵƐĞ ǁĞ ĂƌĞ͗ ͻ ^ƉĞĐŝĂůŝƐƚƐ ŝŶ ƋƵĂůŝƚLJ ĐĞŵĞŶƚͲďĂƐĞĚ ĐŽĂƟŶŐƐ ĞŶƐƵƌŝŶŐ ĚƵƌĂďůĞ ĂŶĚ ŚĂƌĚ ǁĞĂƌŝŶŐ ĮŶŝƐŚĞƐ ͻ ŽŶƐƚĂŶƚůLJ ŝŶŶŽǀĂƟŶŐ ĂŶĚ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉŝŶŐ ŶĞǁ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ ƚŽ ƐƵŝƚ LJŽƵƌ ŶĞĞĚƐ
tĞ ŽīĞƌ͗ ͻ dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů ƐƚĂī ǁŝƚŚ LJĞĂƌƐ ŽĨ ĞdžƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞ ƚŽ ŽīĞƌ ŝŶǀĂůƵĂďůĞ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌLJ ĂĚǀŝƐĞ ĂŶĚ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ͻ WƌŽĚƵĐƚ ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂƟŽŶƐ ĂŶĚ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶ ƚƌĂŝŶŝŶŐ courses ͻ ƐƵƉĞƌŝŽƌ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ƌĂŶŐĞ ǁŝƚŚ ĞŶĚůĞƐƐ ǀĞƌƐĂƟůŝƚLJ ĂŶĚ ŝŶƐƉŝƌĂƟŽŶ ͻ &ŝŶŝƐŚĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĂƌĞ ĞĂƐLJ ƚŽ ĐůĞĂŶ ĂŶĚ ŵĂŝŶƚĂŝŶ ͻ ďĞĂƵƟĨƵů ƐĞůĞĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ĐŽůŽƵƌƐ ĂŶĚ ƚĞdžƚƵƌĞƐ ŽīĞƌŝŶŐ ƟŵĞůĞƐƐ ĂĞƐƚŚĞƟĐ ĂƉƉĞĂů
'Ž ƚŽ ǁǁǁ͘ĐĞŵĐƌĞƚĞ͘ĐŽ͘njĂ ĨŽƌ ĐŽŶƚĂĐƚ ĚĞƚĂŝůƐ ŽĨ ŽƵƌ ZĞŐŝŽŶĂů DĂŶĂŐĞƌ ŝŶ LJŽƵƌ ĂƌĞĂ͖ ĐĂůů ,ĞĂĚ KĸĐĞ ŽŶ ;ϬϭϭͿ ϰϳϰ Ϯϰϭϱ͖ Žƌ ĞŵĂŝů ŝŶĨŽΛĐĞŵĐƌĞƚĞ͘ĐŽ͘njĂ͘ Visit Cemcrete at: ϮϮϳ :ĂŶ ^ŵƵƚƐ ǀĞŶƵĞ͕ WĂƌŬƚŽǁŶ EŽƌƚŚ͕ :, ϴ dĞůĨŽƌĚ ^ƚƌĞĞƚ͕ /ŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂ͕ :, ϭ &ƌĂŶƐĐŚŚŽĞŬ ƌĞƐĐĞŶƚ͕ WĂŶŽƌĂŵĂ͕ d
the cement innovation company info@cemcrete.co.za
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Tel. (011) 474 2415
Fax. (011) 474 2416
3/19/12 6:51:14 PM
Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Wa Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Wa Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Wa Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Wa Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Wa Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Wa Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Wa Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Wa Walls Walls Walls walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Wa Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Walls Ergo Systems.....................................................................................................60 Minaco.................................................................................................................61 Able Walling Solutions...........................................................................62
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EDITORIAL
VERTICAL GARDENS – Evolution of the wall creeper Rethabile Mogaki
A more detailed and technical approach to the traditional “wall creeper” is fast emerging on the building scene. The typically flat and grounded garden plane has been flipped upright, bringing forth new possibilities, both in design and sustainability. The application of vertical gardens (also known as green walls) poses various advantages to the urban realm. These include their undeniable aesthetic enhancement to the otherwise dull and hard urban surface, as well as the natural attributes of vegetation in general; the reduction of air temperature through transpiration, improvement of air quality through the absorption of air toxins such as carbon dioxide, as well as the creation of habitat for various species. Depending on the type and position, vertical gardens can substantially reduce the heat absorption into a building, thus reducing the large cost of energy that would typically go into cooling and heating systems. Moreover, internally, these natural features provide a psychological connection to nature which, in turn, can improve occupant comfort, health, and psychological well-being, leading to improved productivity. Vertical gardens can be either attached (that is, grown directly on the wall) or freestanding, using either soil or an inorganic growing medium for root propagation. There are generally two types of vertical gardens; Green Facades, and Living Walls (Green walls, 2010). Green Facades - The vegetation in Green Facades maintains a general horizontal plane, using a vertical surface for support. A common example is that of climbing plants, which are rooted in, and supplemented by,
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EDITORIAL the ground, and then grown on an upright support structure, such as a wall or metal (2D, 3D, or both) grid structure. Other types include Gabion walls, stacked stone walls with planting recesses, as well as stacked modular walls (Philips, 2010). Here, the systems create vertical levels on which the plants are hung, planted or placed (in pots) to create a vertical, vegetated mural.
Hydroponic wall garden by Patrick Blanc Marché des Halles (smgardner)
Living Walls – The growing medium in these systems lies on a vertical plane, secured and supported on a wall, or freestanding within a supporting frame structure. Like green roofs (only upright), they exploit and insulate heat absorbing and under utilised vertical surface areas in urban regions, thus contributing to the reduction of the Urban Heat Island effect (Philips, 2010). Living walls can be divided into 3 types of systems, differing primarily in their growing mediums; Hydroponic Systems, Vegetation Mats, and Living Fences (Philips, 2010).
• H ydroponics is a soilless method of growing vegetation, using balanced (water-based) mineral nutrient solutions to supplement the plants. The system generally consists of a wool felt blanket growing medium, a waterproof layer (e.g. PVC sheeting), and a drip irrigation system to keep the felt blanket moist. Maintenance is kept at a minimum, requiring only occasional removal of foliage and clipping; however, establishment costs, as well as its water dependence for both hydration and nutrition during its lifetime, make it rather an expensive option. • Similar to green roof construction, vegetated mat systems are grown in advance and are then laid and fixed onto the wall surface. These usually consist of coir or felt mats, which are generally thin in nature (Green walls, 2010). This lack of depth ultimately limits plant selection, since it cannot support vibrant root systems. Another disadvantage caused by this is the inability to hold water, resulting in a need for constant irrigation which, again, can be quite hefty on the pocket. • Living Fences, also known as “Fedges”, are free standing green walls, composed of a 3D timber or metal structural frame with a wire mesh (in some cases and/or a geotextile mat) fixed across all sides. Together, they contain the growing medium (usually soil) in between them, thus allowing for planting on all sides and, much like a hedge, creating a 3 dimensional view to the vegetated wall. The fence is neither fixed to the ground, nor to any other structure, thus is also flexible for repositioning. A drip irrigation system is usually included in the structure, supplementing the wall during dry periods. (Philips, 2010) More than anything, vertical gardens have caused a visual stir in architecture and design; approached more as a display of art, rather than a sustainable solution. Nevertheless, they are sustainable to a notable degree. However, much is yet to be resolved and developed concerning costs in fabrication and maintenance, as well as efficiency in their use of resources. References: 1. Philips, A. 2010. Living walls - Confidential. Sustainable Design and Development Blog. [Online] Available: http://sustainableppn.asla.org/2010/05/24/living-walls-confidential/ [accessed 09 February 2012] 2. 2010. Green wall. Wikipedia. [Online] Available: http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_wall [accessed 09 February 2012] 3. Smgardener, 2007. LIVING WALL 3. TheGrowSpot.com [Online] Available: http://www.thegrowspot. com/know/f5/vertical-gardens-living-walls-53838.html [accessed 09 February 2012] COVER IMAGE. 2012. Personal digital photograph. GREEN FACADE1, 2, 3. 2011. Personal digital photographs.
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Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Win Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Win Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Win Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Win Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Win Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Win Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Win Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors windows and Windows doors & Doors Win Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Windows & Doors Win Doortec..............................................................................................................66
Alu Glass...................................................................................................... 68, 69 RDA Aluminium................................................................................................70
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EDITORIAL
Making your building more energy efficient An ESKOM power increase, of at least 16%, is on the horizon. This is significantly less than the 26% that was previously on the cards. However, it will still have a significant effect on everyday living, with less and less money left over for everyone. Making buildings more energy efficient, will reduce the energy consumption and so, reduce your electricity bills. One of the main focus areas to improve energy efficiency is the heating and cooling of buildings.
Images courtesy of www.sagga.co.za
One area where heat is lost or gained extensively is through windows, which we will focus on here. To this effect, SANS 10400 part XA, deals extensively with the requirements of windows in buildings. This only comes into effect when a new building is built, or if any alterations are made to the building envelope (as indicated during the discussions with the Regulator, Rudolf Opperman, from the National Regulator for Compulsory Specifications). From the requirements contained in part XA, there are some interventions that can be applied to and existing building, which will reduce the building’s energy consumption. Some steps that can be taken are listed below: • Replace existing glazing with high performance glazing or double glazing. • Fix a solar film to the existing glazing. • Add shading elements to the windows. • Provide a sealing strip to opening sections. These interventions have various benefits, for example, the high performance glazing, solar film and shading elements reduce the heat build-up in a building by reducing the solar heat gain from direct sunlight. Double glazed windows (and, to an extent, high performance glazing) reduce the heat gained or lost through conductance – the transfer of heat through the glass, from hot to cold areas. Lastly, by sealing opening sections, hot air is prevented from escaping or entering through the gaps. By preventing unnecessary heat gains or losses, the energy required to heat up or cool down buildings will be reduced and so reduce your electricity bills.
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DPS advert new.pdf 1 2012/03/19 10:15:54 AM
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variflex mobile acoustic partitions varikust acoustic doors absorption panels glassflex glazed architectural products varifold wooden folding doors t e l : + 2 7 11 4 5 1 8 4 0 0 mailbox@aluglass.co.za
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S a e B m s C V F (0
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Verosol is a worldwide supplier of branded quality solutions for solar control, and Aluglass is the license-holder for these sun-blinds in southern Africa. These sun-blinds ensure effective protection from heat and reduction of irritating and bright sunlight while retaining a perfect view of the outside world. Combine the advantages of curtains and external sun-blinds in a single product, safely fitted to the interior wall, with these sun-blinds.
EnviroScreen.
Sustainable solar control: the greener blind. EnviroScreen is a highly reflective, robust, transparent, metallised fabric, which provides visual and thermal comfort. It is woven in a screen-like construction, but with a clear textile appearance, suitable for roller blinds and panel tracks. Thanks to the high reflectivity, EnviroScreen lowers heating-and cooling costs substantially. This results in a reduction of CO2 emissions, and therefore minimises the greenhouse effect. EnviroScreen is available in 2 transparencies, 2% and 10% openness factor (OF). Even with the 2% OF, EnviroScreen allows a very good view through,suitable for all fenestrations and all elevations, worldwide.
SilverScreen can also be called a green product! SilverScreen is produced environmentally friendly, it has the Öko-Tex Standard 100 certificate and is formaldehyde free. This means that SilverScreen does not contain any harm causing elements for our health. Besides, during the summer SilverScreen keeps the warmth outside, due to the reflecting metal layer and it will reduce the loss of warmth during the winter. This results in considerable savings on the costs of energy (airconditioning, heating etc.), but it also reduces the amount of CO²-emissions. Verosol is a worldwide supplier of branded quality solutions for solar control, and Aluglass For more information phone 0861 - ALUGLASS (0861-258 452) or visit www.aluglass.co.za
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Tel: 011 908 4281 Fax: 011 908 1921 E-mail: enquiries@rdaaluminium.com Website: www.rdaaluminium.com
Where you get PURPOSE MADE products at Industry STANDARD prices! 70_RDA ALUMINIUM.indd 1
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THINK GREEN INSULATION THE PROFESSIONAL AND DIY GREEN HOUSE CEILING & DRY WALLING INSULATION
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53 Hans Street c/r Main Street, Jeppestown Johnannesburg, 2094 PO Box 15956, Doornfontein, 2028 South Africa
3/19/12 6:54:13 PM
Advertorial
Lafarge commitment to sustainability extended to transportation Liezel Niemack The Lafarge Group has embarked on a massive CO reduction plan, targeted around its distribution. An area that, to date, has seen little focus from general industry. The plan, implemented by Lafarge Gypsum South Africa, in partnership with Don Bur, SA Truck Bodies and MAN Truck & Bus, will set new boundaries for transportation specifications on the continent, while supporting the environmental values of Lafarge and its bid to construct a legacy. 2
The new transportation specifications of Lafarge Gypsum work on innovation and technology, in order to reduce the environmental impact of the business. Technical developments have embraced creativity to meet the business core objectives of: • Introducing one of the safest vehicles operating on South African roads; • Designing a vehicle specification that would inherently reduce the company’s carbon footprint; • Increasing payloads to enable fewer vehicle trips. The new teardrop concept for Lafarge Gypsum’s transportation trailers and rigid vehicles, truly encapsulates the thought leadership behind this process. The new vehicle transportation specification for Lafarge Gypsum South Africa will become the benchmark for logistics, right across Africa, with the following constructive features: ✓ Proven technology in Europe, with a new commercial vehicle application (Super-link); ✓ It mimics the perfect aerodynamic lines of a natural teardrop; ✓ It reduces the Coefficient of Drag (CD Value); ✓ An 11.3% average fuel saving. Aerodynamics, rolling resistance, inertia and gravity, as well as drive line losses are the four major fuelconsuming culprits of transportation. While the teardrop concept of Lafarge mimics the perfect aerodynamic properties of a natural teardrop, its attention is on lowering turbulence and drag. The lower drag results in lower fuel consumption. Lafarge worldwide has set strict CO2 targets from materials to buildings. Bruno Lafont, Chairman and CEO of Lafarge, commented: “Lafarge has made the reduction of its CO2 emissions a major objective.” It is, therefore, no longer a matter of reducing the CO2 emitted in the production of materials for Lafarge, but for every aspect of the business to develop solutions that will consume less energy. Finally, and most importantly, Lafarge will also be fitting, as standard, a number of health and safety improvements to ensure a safe distribution environment, some of which are, yet again, new to the South African marketplace.
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Saint-Gobain Gyproc leaders in innovative and sustainable design solutions Gyproc , a Saint-Gobain company, is a leader in the manufacture of lightweight building materials and manufactures energy conserving RhinoBoard for all interior lining applications.
1830 Gyproc | It’s a Go
Gyproc’s competitive edge is retained by accessing changing market needs, while pushing boundaries through constant research development. In addition, product testing, flexibility of design and offering the construction industry and end-users peace of mind that all products are tried, tested and backed by 80 years of experience and industry knowledge, adds credibility to their position as market leaders. Every Gyproc component not only comes with a performance warranty, but all Gyproc proprietary systems benefit from SpecSure®, a 10-year warranty unique to Saint-Gobain effective from specification to installation, guaranteeing performance and recourse in the event of a product fault or defect, which offers customers peace of mind and
reiterates the reputable image of the company and the superior quality of their product range. SpecSure® is provided with every Gyproc proprietary system designed and installed in accordance with supplied specifications. SpecSure® protects the integrity of drywall and ceiling systems, offering access to technical support and assuring reliable performance warranted for 10 years. All Gyproc systems are developed using only the highest quality components, which are specifically designed to work together giving customers the confidence that they will meet the most rigorous of building requirements. The company has four local manufacturing facilities and fully complies to and holds both the ISO 9002 and ISO 14001 quality and environmental system certificates. Gyproc are entering a new era with a refined business model. Customer and stakeholders can look forward to an improved service offering across all business sectors, where service excellence, value and needs of the customer are priority.
Pictures (from top): Houghton Golf Estate in JHB - GypWall MoistureResistant & GypWall FireStop walling; The Mall @ Carnival in JHB - GypCeil Prestige System; Hillcrest Hospital in KZN - Gyprex Ceilings
Customer contact centre: 0860 27 28 29 | www.gyproc.co.za
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me Automation Home Automation Home Automation tomation Home Automation Home Automation Home me Automation Home Automation Home Automation tomation Home Automation Home Automation Home me Automation Home Automation Home Automation tomation Home Automation Home Automation Home me Automation Home Automation Home Automation tomation Home Automation Home Automation Home me Automation Home Automation Home Automation tomation Home Automation Home Automation Home me Automation Home Automation Home Automation tomation Home Automation Home Automation Home me Automation Home Automation Home Automation tomation Home Automation Home Automation Home me Automation Home Automation Home Automation tomation Home Automation Home Automation Home home automation me Automation Home Automation Home Automation tomation Home Automation Home Automation Home E-Home Automation....................................................................................76 DNA Logic..........................................................................................................78
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EDITORIAL
Can building automation affect sustainability? Technology keeps on changing... How can this be used beneficially in the built environment? There are two well known automation areas that are regularly referred to in the built environment. The best known is, probably Home Automation, the other, BMS – Building Management System. A further system that can be used is individual or independent monitoring. With corporate, industrial and other business facilities, consuming vast amounts of energy, the installation of independent monitoring systems or building management systems, will have a significant effect on the building’s current energy usage. The Campus, in Bryanston, through the installation of independent sensors that detect the presence of occupants in the basement parking area and offices, saved approximately 85% on their energy consumption. This was equivalent to almost R78 000 in 2008.(1) Through the of occupancy sensors, the lights are turned off, if an office is unoccupied for more than a few minutes, or a parking area is not utilised, automatically reducing the energy consumption. It further prevents lights left on overnight because of occupants that forget to turn them off. As far as the building’s systems are concerned, BMS are able to monitor consumption of energy, equalise lighting levels, as well as manage the HVAC systems. • M onitoring consumption provides you with early warnings, when energy consumption levels rise above the norm, which can then be investigated and corrected. • B y checking lighting levels, it can adjust the artificial lighting levels when there is sufficient day light. By monitoring specific areas, like close to windows, that allow more light in, artificial lighting could be dimmed significantly, while those at the core of the building remain bright enough to ensure compliance with the OHS workplace lighting level requirements. • M anaging the HVAC system, can be done through timers, temperature monitoring as well as occupancy monitoring, ensuring the system operates at its peak and most efficient, which ensures that conditioned air is used in the building, where it is needed. Implementing any of the above systems could be costly, but have a ROI (Return on Investment) which falls within acceptable norms, especially if you consider the annual increases. And, in a country where energy is scarce already, with renewed threats of load shedding, it could just make a big difference.
References: (1) 2008, A Case Study of a Retrofit of Power Saving Devices: The Campus; Bryanston; www.greenbuilding.co.za
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For more than three decades DNA Logic has offered individual consultation and tailor-made solutions for specialised conveying solutions. The successful solutions were achieved by individual analysis of organisational procedures, staffing and requirements, characterised by continuous innovation and communication with customers, architects, consultants and users.
Pneumatic Tube System The Pneumatic Tube System provides an effective security based service to transport items quickly and safely to any one of various specific locations within a building. Transportable items: medicines, cash, laboratory samples, documents, blood products, valuables and industrial products.
Rowa - Automated Storage And Dispensing Machine Robotic storage which is custom designed and constructed to meet the pharmacy’s specifications in view of the given space and required capacity. Benefits: Reduce overheads, gain time for counselling, reduced storage area, reduced shrinkage & expiries.
UNICAR - Rail-mounted Transport System The UNICAR can transport items weighing up to 10 kg’s and reach speeds of 1 metre/second. Customers: Banks, Air Cargo Centres, Government Departments, Authorities with highest security requirements, Libraries, National Archives, Hospitals.
Postnet Suite 69, Private Bag X132, Centurion, 0046 e-mail: contact@dnalogic.co.za PTA: (T) 012 653 1529 (F) 012 653 7682 DBN: (T) 082 444 9051 (F) 031 708 5065 CT: (T) 021 557 0773 (F) 021 556 3706 www.dnalogic.co.za
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Electrical, Lighting & Air Conditioning Electrical Lighting & Air Conditioning Electrical, Lighting & Conditioning Electrical, Lighting & Air Conditionin Electrical, Lighting & Air Conditioning Electrical Lighting & Air Conditioning Electrical, Lighting & Conditioning Electrical, Lighting & Air Conditionin Electrical, Lighting & Air Conditioning Electrical Lighting & Air Conditioning Electrical, Lighting & Conditioning Electrical, Lighting & Air Conditionin Electrical, Lighting & Air Conditioning Electrical Lighting & Air Conditioning Electrical, Lighting & Conditioning Electrical, Lighting & Air Conditionin Electrical, Lighting & Air Conditioning Electrical Lighting & Air Conditioning Electrical, Lighting & Conditioning Electrical, Lighting & Air Conditionin Electrical, Lighting Electrical electrical, lighting& Air andConditioning air conditioning Lighting & Air Conditioning Electrical, Lighting & Conditioning Electrical, Lighting & Air Conditionin Future Light.....................................................................................................80 Solent Trading..............................................................................................82 Philips.....................................................................................................................83 AMS...........................................................................................................................86
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FUTURE LIGHT
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81
INTERVIEW 30
VS So, in this case, we talk about energy, and this is why we talk in the Constitution of providing sustainability, to provide a world for our children. That is why part X is the first level to make sure that we do provide a component that ensures we will regulate sustainability in our built environment. The first thing that comes with this is a knee jerk reaction but it is not the only reason. The Kyoto protocol, and all the other items, are as important as the fact that we do not have electricity, but XA – energy usage is the easier one. It is the lowest hanging fruit, to ensure that we do not use electricity as inefficiently in the future. Because of this, a regulation was published with three parts. Firstly, that a building will be designed to be energy efficient. Secondly, and this one stands alone, that 50% of all warm water will be produced through a non-electrical resistance means. Lastly, that you will comply with the regulation, as it is an Act, and it explains how to comply with it. It is not ‘maybe’ you should comply, you have to! The third section of the regulation states that, if you want to satisfy this regulation, you will use SANS 10400 XA. So XA becomes the legal component. If you go to XA, it says effectively that your building will comply with the six points that should be satisfied. Face north, etc. If you comply with these points, then your building automatically complies with the regulations. Those six points, set the level for performance. So that is the minimum requirement that all buildings in South Africa should satisfy, come hell or high water. If, however, you cannot satisfy one of these requirements, then the third section states that you can, in terms of regulation AZ4, look for another solution. A quick explanation about regulation AZ4 is necessary. AZ4 states that you can comply with the regulations in three ways. Firstly, to follow the deemed to satisfy rules, and in this case you know that the deemed to satisfy rules are SANS 10400 XA. That is the first way of complying. The second way of solving that regulation is by getting a competent person to give you a rational design. In other words, provide a specific solution to a specific problem. The third way is by providing a fit for purpose certificate, an Agrément certificate. The simplest example is of a prefabricated concrete boundary wall, which is built based on an Agrément certificate. This means it is built and tested, and, therefore,you know this wall will stand anywhere in South 84 Africa, under all conditions. You can’t use it for a house though, but only as a garden wall.
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Interview 81 If we go back to SANS 10400 XA and SANS 204, if you use SANS 10400 XA, then you are following the deemed to satisfy rules. That’s the performance described. If you cannot follow it, or you want to do better than that, or you want to use another method, you can then go to the second way, which is to get a competent person, somebody who knows what they are doing, and let them give you a specific solution to the problem. But there is a provision given, in that it says that if you want to go that route, not only do you have to perform at the level of the SANS 10400 XA, but you must use the ‘recipe’ given in SANS 204 to advise your rational design. So SANS 204 is then called up to assist you in providing you with the methodology of how to conclude your rational design. In this specific scenario, you will look at an Agrément certificate, which only assesses the software that is used to do the modelling. It isn’t clear, but the people writing the software must get their software accredited and calibrated according to the Agrément certificate. The current software packages, if you test them all on the same building, give five different answers. What we did was to say “no, let’s have them all go through the Agrément process”, and certain protocols were drawn up. These protocols state that all of these packages must give a similar answer. They closed the gap between the packages, so that the results will be in the same ball park, with figures close to each other. These are the packages that are currently used to do the modelling, and that is where Agrément comes in. Those are the three methods of solving the regulation’s requirements, and they will clearly indicate, if you understand the levels of legislation, Act, Regulation, Standards, and other documents. SANS 204, although a very good aspirational document, remains still ‘another document’, even though it has been called up by a Standard. Maybe, in those levels, you get that the act calls on a regulation, then that regulations becomes part of the act. The regulation can call up a standard, and then that standard becomes part of the regulation, a standard calls up, in this case SANS 204, as a part of the SANS10400, but only in terms of a rational design. That does not change the fact that those levels of performance, as set out in SANS 10400, don’t change in any way. Those levels are still the minimum levels, they don’t change. Some people now say that they will follow SANS 204 and come up with a cheaper solution than the requirements sets by SANS 10400. If it performs thermally the same, yes, but if it does not, no. A comparison I need to point out is, if you look at the roof truss, which is provided in the national building regulations, a simple Howe truss, for example. It is old technology, and it uses a lot of wood, and thus it costs a lot, but that roof truss will satisfy all the wind loads in South Africa, so you can build it anywhere in South Africa and it will stand. But if you want to save your client money, you go to one of the monoplane roof truss manufacturers and they will put the wind loads and the weighting of the roof and everything into their calculation software and will then turn out a roof truss for you that is very light in timber, more competitively priced, and even better than any other roof truss, but that is a rational design. It is a specific solution for the problem in that situation. You can’t use that same roof truss in another area, because the wind loads are different, and the same thing applies to XA. ED: For clarity, the Johannesburg town planning scheme changes the occupancy of single dwellings, if a habitable room is added or exists outside the main dwelling on the same stand, they reclassify the occupancy to multi-unit residential. Does the town planning scheme classification overrule the building regulations classification? If so, it changes the requirements as far as the building regulations are concerned, especially part S. Which legislation takes precedence?
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INTERVIEW RO: Act - Regulation - Standards. Then there are other standards, and then there are codes and then there is training material and these are the levels of jurisdiction, but next to it runs National Legislation, then Provincial Legislation and then Local Authority Legislation. We have a three tier government system. The acts of National Legislation always trump Provincial Legislation. Provincial Legislation always trumps Local Authority Legislation. National Legislation is National Legislation. These are the Acts. If you go to Provincial, there are ordinances, but this is not an Act, it’s an ordinance of that province. If you now go to Local Authority, it becomes bylaws. They are all legislation, but at different levels. All the legislation at the lower levels fills holes that the higher levels of legislation do not cover.
For example, the requirements from water affairs, fills a hole left by the Water Act, but it cannot overwrite the Act. They cannot, for example, overrule the piping requirements, by specifying plastic pipes, but it does not make it any less of a legislation. It remains legislation. With the Johannesburg town planning scheme, part of their process is to be approved by the province. It gets approved at local metro level. Other, smaller, local councils, like Upington, will have their town planning scheme approved by their local council, so it will be closer to a bylaw. Johannesburg’s is an ordinance. If you look at the level of performances, an ordinance cannot overrule a National Act. So the fact is, the Act stands, always, because that is seen as uniform legislation throughout South Africa. The ordinances only apply to Johannesburg, so what applies in 118
Johannesburg cannot be made applicable to the rest of the country, but the Act applies country wide.
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EDITORIAL
Appliances, you and your kitchen Stephanie Forbes
Kitchen appliances are a major investment in your kitchen. Appliance technology has come along in leaps and bounds, and selecting your appliances has become as much about aesthetics as function. When redoing your kitchen, it is important to plan your kitchen appliances in advance. This will assist the kitchen designer in incorporating the appliances, features. They will also be able to ensure they have the correct information at hand regarding installation, and any special features the cabinetry may require to accommodate your selection. Making your selection - When selecting your appliances, you must look at your lifestyle. It is important to consider how much you enjoy cooking, how much you entertain and how big your family is. This will determine the size of fridge, whether you choose a 60cm or 90cm oven, and whether you need a large or small hob. You will need to decide whether you prefer to cook with gas or electric. There is a growing trend to combining an electric oven with a gas hob. This is because gas is so clean and efficient to work with. Cost wise, there is no longer much of a difference between the two, however, gas does tend to be quicker and more controllable. If you choose gas, you will have to remember to replace your gas bottles and keep a spare to ensure you don’t get caught short and run out of gas just before a big dinner party. When it comes to oven selection, most people still opt for electricity. In an oven, electricity is more controllable, and can go to a wider range of temperatures. A gas oven tends to offer a hotter, damper heat, and you would need to adjust your cooking methods for this. If you entertain a lot, or like to bake, a thermofan is the best option, as it will allow multi layer cooking while ensuring equal heat distribution. One of the most neglected appliances is the extractor. A lot of people purchase them but make the mistake of thinking an extractor is just an aesthetic accessory. The biggest mistake you can make is opting for price over quality. If you want your extractor to be more than a glorified hairdryer, it needs to have a good capacity of at least 750m3/h.
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EDITORIAL Another important fact that should feature in your decision is the environment. Conscientious manufacturers are doing everything possible to reduce the environmental impact of their appliances. Look at how much electricity and water they use, what the noise levels are, and CFC outputs. This way you can choose products that will save you money and have minimal environmental impact. Installation – It is vital that you get this right. Failure to do so will void your guarantee and possibly your insurance cover. All built in ovens require ventilation in the cabinetry. If this is not done, the oven will over heat. This could cause damage to your kitchen unit carcasses and doors, as well as burn out your elements and thermostats. When installing a hob, it is important to use the sealing and clamping materials supplied by the manufacturer. These are designed to hold the unit in place while allowing for the natural expansion and contraction of the hob and the easy removal of the hob for maintenance. It is also important that the cut out sizes given by the manufacturer are followed. These allow for expansion. If the cut out is too small and the hob cannot successfully expand, your hob could get damaged, and ceramic hobs could even crack. If you have opted for a gas unit, it is vital that you get the hob installed by a registered gas installer. He will be able to do the installation and set the simmer levels of your gas burners. He will also issue you with a compliance certificate for your insurance. Without this, should you have a fire as a result of the installation, your insurer will reject the claim. The incorrect installation of integrated appliances is one of the most common reasons for under guarantee service calls. If you have opted for integrated appliances of any kind, ensure you are dealing with a kitchen company experienced in working with integrated goods, and approved by the manufacturer. The incorrect installation of an integrated fridge, for example, can cause the unit to start freezing up, and cause the compressors and thermostat to fail. Your extractor will be completely ineffectual if not installed properly. Wherever possible, duct to the outside in the most direct route. The longer your duct, the less effective your extractor, and the more bends in your ducting pipe, the less effective your extraction rate. If you can’t duct, then ensure you use a carbon filter. This should be replaced after every four hundred hours of use. The metal filters should be washed regularly too, or the unit will clog up. It is important to note that failure to duct can reduce your extractor performance by over 25%. It is important to note that, should you place an under guarantee service call, and the problems have arisen from incorrect installation, the cost of the call and repairs will fall to you. Conclusion - If you are having a new kitchen installed, try and budget for new appliances. Don’t fool yourself that making a decision on appliances is an easy, price based one. Take time to ensure the appliances you choose truly work for your lifestyle, while complementing your kitchen aesthetic. Ensure you provide your kitchen manufacturer with all the information about your selection so they can stick to the installation guidelines and protect your warranty. Finally, don’t forget to budget for the installation of the products by a professional plumber or electrician. Credits: Thanks to the following KSA members for their contribution: Eurafican, BSH and Smeg
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ber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Tim ing Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & De ber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Tim ing Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & De ber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Tim ing Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & De ber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Tim ing Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & De ber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Tim ing Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & De ber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Tim ing Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & De ber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Tim ing Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & De ber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Tim ing Timber & Decking & Decking Timber & De timberTimber and decking ber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Tim ing Timber & Decking Timber & Decking Timber & De Swissline Design.......................................................................................... 102 Merensky.......................................................................................................... 104
Komatiland Forests................................................................................. 106 ITC-SA....................................................................................................... 108 & 109
Freestyle Decking...................................................................................... 110
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T I TMI BM EB RE RR OR OO FO FT RT UR SU SS ES SE S s u pspul py p l •y m•a nmuaf na uc ft au cr et u • r e i n• s it na sl lt a l l
EXPOSED EXPOSED ROOF ROOF TRUSSES TRUSSES supply supply manufacture manufacture & install & install
MERCHANT MERCHANT spruce spruce (pinaceae) (pinaceae) construction construction timber timber (kvh) (kvh) spruce spruce ceiling ceiling boards boards (t&g) (t&g) larch larch timber timber
TIMBER TIMBER FRAME FRAME HOUSES HOUSES co nstr co uctio nstr uctio n ofn of timber timber fr ame fr ame ho uses ho uses in soinuth so uth afr ica afr ica
STAIRWAYS STAIRWAYS & & BALUSTRADES BALUSTRADES timber timber & glass & glass
FLOORING FLOORING & & DECKING DECKING
contact: contact:
s o l i ds o wl o i do d w of loodo rfilnogo rai nngd a n d d e c kdi ne g c ki innsgt ai lnl a s ttai ol lnast i o n s a n d as un p d psluy pi n pcl yl ui n dc i nl ugd i n g p e r gpoel ar g’ so l a ’ s
t e lt:e0l :2 1 0 2913 2 9 3323 4 32 342 f a xf a : x: 021 0 2913 2 9 3025 3 09 539 info@swisslinedesign.co.za info@swisslinedesign.co.za
…… & beyond & beyond SwisslineDesign.indd 1
www.swisslinedesign.co.za www.swisslinedesign.co.za
3/19/12 7:03:49 PM
EDITORIAL
Timber Floors
Nonhlanhla Mashego
Every type of construction or building method used today should only be considered against the back drop of green and sustainable design. Timber flooring and decking are not exceptions.
Timber, when considered as a material by itself, in isolation, achieves both the greenest, and the most sustainable results, according to the Life Cycle Analysis studies conducted throughout the world, and in South Africa, by the CSIR. The studies reveal that timber is both natural, and renewable. It is also documented to have the lowest Carbon footprint. Timber flooring can be used in both interior and exterior applications. Timber flooring comes in different types. In solid wood flooring, the grain of the timber runs throughout the depth of the element, and is a prominent feature. Veneers are made of thin layers of wood that are bonded together with composite materials, like plywood or particle board. Similarly, laminates are printed imitations of hardwood surfaces that are printed onto composites. (www.gardiners.com) Though the types of flooring differ in their application and composition, they have the same effects on the environment as they are manufactured from the same materials (assuming that they come from the same source.) Eva-tech decking, a member of the Green Building Council of South Africa, make composite floors of wood fibre and recycled polyethylene. These floors are said to be low maintenance, environmentally friendly, and they are moisture and UV light resistant. Timber floors also make for healthier indoor environments as the oils in the wood have strong anti-bacterial qualities. Wood also has natural insulating properties, which should be considered, depending on climatic conditions and the area in which the building is constructed.
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EDITORIAL
Laminated beams for structural applications
Fred Wagenaar
”… not many people know how to utilise structural laminated beams properly.” When Abe Stears, a contractor to the ITC (Institute for Timber Construction), and managing director of South African Timber Auditing Services (SATAS), was asked for his views on the manufacturing and use of laminated units for structural applications, this was his reply: “South Africa is a timber-poor country. We need to look after our resources and optimise them as far as possible. One way of doing this is to make use of laminated timber. Unfortunately, not many people know how to utilise structural laminated beams properly. In some instances they are used in a structural application for aesthetic reasons without knowing the load bearing ability or capacity of such units. Random tests conducted at the University of Pretoria on laminated beams revealed that a large percentage of such beams did not comply with the strength requirements for grade 5 as published in SANS 10163-1:2003 & SANS 10163-2:2002. Only a few laminated timber manufacturers in South Africa are certified by an accredited product certification body for the manufacture of laminated beams to the requirements of SANS 1460:2006. Such product is manufactured under controlled conditions and processes, and displays information on the stress grade, Certification mark, trade name and application class. SATAS and SABS are the only SANAS-accredited certification bodies to carry out certification on structural laminated timber. The manufacture of structural laminated beams complying with SANS 1460:2006 is a costly process; hence, many contractors prefer to make use of inferior, imported or “backyard” products. If the cheaper alternative product is used, failures could result. This would only occur a few years after construction, and, in most instances, responsibility would revert to the owner for the repair and subsequent costs. A laminated beam is an engineered product of which the different components have to meet certain requirements prior to assembly. Timber from the Pinus and Eucalyptus species is normally used as laminated product. Proper drying, grading/selection and machining are very important, and finger joints in laminated product must comply with the requirements of SANS 10096:2009. The second component is the adhesive used to bind the laminated product together. Adhesive systems are specially designed for use under specific application classes, from exposed exterior, to interior dry. A structural beam manufactured with adhesive designed for interior dry use will not last long in an exterior application, but the use of the correct adhesive and timber is worthless if not correctly applied in the manufacturing process. LAMINATED BEAMS FOR STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS
1
2
3
4
1. Laminated beams in structural application 2.Testing for grade verification 3.This one didn’t make the grade marking 4. Marking example
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EDITORIAL Important factors and conditions such as, timber moisture content, adhesive application requirements, (for example, press time, pot life, and spread rate), are vital to ensure a quality end-product, and this is only possible if proper production control measures are maintained. Once the manufacturing process is complete, grade compliance needs to be verified or established. This is achieved by means of a proof load test (see attached picture). Adhesive bond integrity tests are performed on small samples to determine compliance in the total manufacturing process. The use of laminated beams in a structural application, without traceability and product certification, is a recipe for disaster. Therefore, engineers, architects and designers have to insist on graded, certified products when it comes to structural applications.” Table 1:- SANS Requirements that are applicable to Laminated Beams Structural Timber Standards Specification
Description
SANS * 1783 Part 2
Structural Timber
SANS * 1783 Part 4
Brandering and battens
SANS 1460
Laminated Product
SANS 1707
Eucalyptus Brandering
*Product needs to carry and reflect the grading mark i.e. S5, Certification Mark, Mill’s Trade Mark and, if contains a finger joint, the letters FJ at joint. These markings need to be clearly mark on face of product at 1 metre intervals. Structural Timber Grading (see attached picture -S 5) Grade 5 Grade 7 Grade 10 Graded using three different methodology 1. Visually 2. Mechanically 3. By ways of actual proof
Credits: Fred Wagenaar Institute for Timber Construction - SA Tel: (011) 974 1061 • Fax: (011) 392 6155 E-mail: enquiries@itc-sa.org Website: www.itc-sa.org
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ooms & Accessories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathr ssories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathrooms & sories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathrooms & Acces ooms & Accessories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathr ssories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathrooms & sories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathrooms & Acces ooms & Accessories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathr ssories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathrooms & sories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathrooms & Acces ooms & Accessories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathr ssories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathrooms & sories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathrooms & Acces ooms & Accessories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathr ssories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathrooms & sories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathrooms & Acces ooms & Accessories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathr bathrooms and accessories ssories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathrooms & sories Bathrooms & Accessories Bathrooms & Acces Gerberit............................................................................................................. 112 ISCA....................................................................................................................... 114
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EDITORIAL
Getting back to
e r u t a n
If you’ve ever played under a sprinkler in the garden as a child, or stood under a waterfall, you have experienced an outdoor shower. If you have visited a sea side resort, or one of our public beaches, you would have also come across one of these novel showers. Closer to home, outdoor showers are also making their appearance more and more as part of residential developments. They are provided mostly at pools, to rinse off the pool water, or to rinse off grass and dirt before jumping into the pool. Furthermore they form part of private courtyards, where the owners can experience a shower in open air, which is the closest most will come to that ethereal feeling of being one with nature. It also enhances the Indoor-Outdoor experience as described on page 33 of this issue. “A shower outdoors is one of those things that seems odd at first, but when people see them at someone else’s place, they end up wanting them for their own backyard. We also get a lot of people who come home from a rental where they had one, and it’s the first thing they want at home when they get back,” says Ross Sicote of Walpole Woodworkers, a firm specialising in custom yard and garden features on http://www.bobvila.com. You will need to consider the connection to the sewer system, as current legislation does not allow rain or storm water, oils or sand into the municipal sewer system, and care must be taken when designing one of these showers. Outdoor showers – for some a necessity (reduced maintenance costs); for others a spiritual experience (to become one with nature), they add to the character and the personal experience within the built environment. If done well, it can be a feature that many will talk about.
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nite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble ble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite nite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble ble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite nite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble ble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite nite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble ble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite nite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble ble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite nite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble ble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite nite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble ble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite nite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble ble & Granite Marble Granite Marble & Granite marble &and granite nite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble ble & Granite Marble & Granite Marble & Granite Caesar Stone.........................................................................................116, 117 Rudi’s Choice................................................................................................. 120
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Pure White 1141 & Mosaici Carbone 7150
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INTERVIEW 85 Now we sit with a situation where Johannesburg went and said, in their town planning scheme, that we have a traditional site with a house and the necessary out buildings. This is how the old wording in the town planning scheme was. Now they came and said that these outbuildings create a problem. These outbuildings now become subsidiary dwellings, but as soon as they said subsidiary dwellings, the name changed, but it also changed the definition. In the title deeds, which are another set of legislation, maybe only one dwelling is allowed per stand. With the town planning scheme changing, those title deeds then kicked in and said you cannot do that, as you are only allowed one dwelling. They are now promoting second and third dwellings on the same property. You must first change the title deed, according to legislation. The same thing applies here, you sit with a definition that says a house is a house, but, by the fact that you now change the name to two subsidiary dwellings, it now becomes multiple units. Therefore, the new legislation kicks in, the National Legislation kicks in. The house must comply with the legislation. As soon as you add a ‘granny flat’ (or a subsidiary dwelling), the ‘granny flat’ must comply with the regulations and, according to Part S, it must be disabled accessible, with a ramp and disabled toilet. So automatically, it has to comply. The fact is that the existing house does not have to comply. If it is a new development, either can comply with the legislation, as required through part S.
ED: Can you please expand on Part XB and any further parts that might follow under part X dealing with sustainability? You previously mentioned possible parts XC and XD.
RO: All these parts will fall under Part X, which deals with sustainability. Water is currently the most critical, which will be following part XA. XB will deal with water usage, which would deal with how to use water sustainably in the built environment, dealing with the recycling and harvesting of water. In the next 5 to 10 years, this part would be incorporated into the other parts that deal with water in the building regulations, similarly, the glazing requirements from XA will be incorporated into part N, as an example.
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Interview We will, in future, look at other areas that contribute to the deterioration of the environment, like dealing with building construction waste, which we envisage as becoming Part XC. The reason why we are considering construction waste only, and not waste in general, is that there is other legislation that deals with general waste, but construction waste forms part of the build industry and therefore, it falls within the ambit of the building regulations. Another possibility is container usage, using containers as part of the built industry, and so reducing the quantity of virgin materials being used. This could possibly be part XD, but there has been no decision taken regarding any further parts, other than part XB.
ED: Lastly, can you please elaborate on the professional responsibility relating to forms 1 to 4 of part A, and the implementation thereof by the local councils.
OR: Forms 1 to 4 are compulsory as they form part of the Act. If you submit a building plan, forms 1 to 4 must be used. Form 1 - this is simply an expanded version of the submission forms that were always required. Some people who submitted plans would appear in court and then indicate that they did not know they had to take responsibility for the compliance with the regulations. The prosecutor then tells them that they have been contracted as a specialist, and that they automatically become responsible for complying with the regulations. So, instead of this surprise, we changed the form to warn all upfront, and that they now know about these responsibilities. As a qualified architectural professional who submits building plans, it is your responsibility that you take the legislation and apply it. Basically you are stating, “I have applied my mind regarding Part A”, “I have applied my mind regarding Part B”, “I have applied my mind regarding Part C” and so forth. If I may state that part B is an easy one, and XA is another easy one. As far as part B is concerned, when it comes to the architectural professional, it states that you must use the principles stated in part B to make a house safe, and the professional is aware that there is a beam, which he stated must be designed by an engineer, then the architectural professional cannot be held responsible for that portion, as there is someone else who took that responsibility. The engineer then says that he takes responsibility for that part. Every part where you don’t indicate that you are complying through the deemed to satisfy rules, must have a competent person appointed, who will take that responsibility. The competent person then states automatically that he does the design and accepts the relevant responsibility. The architectural professional is not taking any additional responsibilities. They always had it. They just never realised it, until the pawpaw hits the fan, and then the court informed them that they must pay as it was their responsibility. This also means that they are foolish if they cut their fees, because that is what they are responsible for. There is, however, something new that is coming through now with part XA. Through part XA, we, for the first time, enabled an architectural professional to be a competent person. In other words, he may now break away from the standards, where previously he had a bunch of tick boxes that he had to go through, now for the first time he can apply his mind to the solution. It fits completely in his field, as it has to do with orientation, and shading and screens and all the nice tricks that architects have in their toolbox, they are now forced to use. Those things that developers always refer to, and say remove, as it costs money, are now put back through legislation. It is a good reasons to use all these things, to achieve energy efficiency. But this, fortunately, means that the architectural professional will now be seen as a knowledgeable person in that field, but the jury is still out, as these professionals will now say that, if they take that responsibility as well, then they need additional payment. 138
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ative Coatings Paint & Decorative Coatings Paint & D t & Decorative Coatings Paint & Decorative Coatings atings Paint & Decorative Coatings Paint & Decorati Coatings Paint & Decorative Coatings Paint & Decora ative Coatings Paint & Decorative Coatings Paint & D t & Decorative Coatings Paint & Decorative Coatings atings Paint & Decorative Coatings Paint & Decorati Coatings Paint & Decorative Coatings Paint & Decora ative Coatings Paint & Decorative Coatings Paint & D t & Decorative Coatings Paint & Decorative Coatings atings Paint & Decorative Coatings Paint & Decorati Coatings Paint & Decorative Coatings Paint & Decora ative Coatings Paint & Decorative Coatings Paint & D t & Decorative Coatings Paint & Decorative Coatings atings Paint & Decorative Coatings Paint & Decorati Coatings Paint Decorative Coatings Paint & Decora paint& and decorative coatings ative Coatings Paint & Decorative Coatings Paint & D t & Decorative Coatings Paint & Decorative Coatings Medal Paints.................................................................................................. 122 B-Earth............................................................................................................... 124 Dekade Paints............................................................................................... 126
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LOWE BULL 313973/E/TW
[ B0HGDOB7ZLVWHU LQGG MEDAL PAINTS_fcp.indd 1
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EDITORIAL
An early understanding of colour is essential to design
Lisa Taylor
Choosing colours for a building is an intricate process which requires both inspiration and knowledge… The conscious handling of colour, in the early stage of any creative process, is necessary for the colour to be perceived as an integrated part of the whole. Colour interacts with form, scale and material, to complete the architectural or design experience. Therefore, an analytical, pragmatic and emotional attitude to colour is key, when striving towards colour-attuned architecture. Further, it is essential for a designer or colourist to create a good colour environment for their work by thinking in colour, to view colour as only one of the appearance factors of what they are trying to achieve, and to use colour as a means of attaining goals. Choosing colours for a building is an intricate process which requires both inspiration and knowledge, and there are many questions which the creative person must ask. How does the colourist get his/her vision? What ideas and values control the work? How is knowledge about the appearance of the surroundings documented? What position should a designer adopt towards the unknown, and towards how humans are mentally influenced by colour? What is colour proportioning? How does one think and communicate about the appearance of colour in architecture? How does one travel from a colour vision to a colour-determined reality? How is one’s choice communicated so that a procurement department clearly understands, and so that the manufacturer reaches exactly the desired appearance? With NCS[1], it is easy to use intuition and to keep the colour design process scientific. NCS is a specific notation system which ensures that sample colours created in Germany, Sydney or Japan are all identical. Let’s consider the fabric swatch above (‘Richmond’, from Fabric Library) Here, the background fabric colour could be described as S2030Y20R (a mustard yellow) meaning that it has 20% blackness, 30% chromaticness[2], and a hue of 80% towards yellow and only 20% towards red. If you then had to match the colour background to a paint swatch, you would get a straight yellow, but what NCS offers is both the inherent and perceived colours – the colour you would have chosen after long deliberation and endless paint swatches. In other words, we could choose different levels of detail for our vision and establish that the lawn as a whole does not have the same colour as a single blade of grass.
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Durable & sustainable paints & coatings that are tested by internationally acclaimed laboratories, and in the harsh South African climate * PROVED AS: Low VOC / HAP’s Nearly odourless Breathing membranes Waterproofing qualities Colourfast and Flexible Resistant to diverse weather Highly penetrating membranes Hardwearing and able to scrub
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* Tested: Paint Research Authority (UK). CSIRO,
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EDITORIAL By using the notation S2030-Y20R, we know that all the colours from the Y20R hue[3] range will be harmonious, and so any of the 63 colours on the hue will work very well. NCS can help the colourist or designer easily achieve an array of complementary colours in their design, with the help of the complementary scheme, the monochromatic scheme, and the analogous scheme, and this is only a small portion of what is available. Here are a few examples to get a clearer picture of exactly how NCS ensures consistency of colour. Complementary Scheme: Choose any direct opposites on the NCS colour circle. Did you know that if you look at a colour long enough, and then look away, you will see its complement?[4] We know that the complement of yellow is blue and the complement of red is green, but NCS takes it one step further by stating exactly what colour is meant, by saying Y20R is the complement of B20G. Monochromatic Scheme: Using any one hue with its nuance[5] will give one a monochromatic scheme, and so Y50R, with any of the nuances which are blackness and chromaticness, will achieve this. Analogous Scheme: An analogous scheme can be achieved by using any three hues or nuances on the NCS Colour space for example R80B R70B and R60B. With the 1,950 NCS sample colours you have the ability to create 400 000 000 different colour combinations with a simple four colour combination. The scientific approach enhances the creative process and instinctive selection, and it can be compared against the rules and categories of the NCS system. To consider that the relationship between colour and architecture is a result of an intentional will to create, it is necessary for the colours and shapes to have some kind of relationship with each other. Colour reinforces shape and can be made sub-ordinate to the shape expression. So, to create a harmonious room experience, it is often a question of balancing uniformity and variation. References: 1. The Natural Color SystemŽ, The international language of colour communication. 2. Chromaticness corresponds to the hue and saturation[6] of a colour. The higher the chromaticness the more saturated the colour is. 3. Hue describes the relative amount of the two nearest chromatic elementary colours that the colour is perceived to contain. 4. Opponent Colour Theory formulated by Ewald Hering in the late nineteenth century is the model on which the NCS System is based. Red-green, blue-yellow and black-white are called opponent pairs. This means that a colour cannot be perceived as both reddish and greenish at the same time. Colours can however be perceived as reddish-yellow or reddish-blue. The transmission of colour signals to the brain is thought to be conducted according to the opponent colour theory. 5. Nuance describes a colour’s relationship to black and to maximum colour intensity or chromaticness. The other element needed to describe a colour would be the hue. Colours that have the same nuance but a different hue will be found in exactly the same location of the NCS Colour Triangle. 6. Saturation is the term used to describe the strength of a hue, or the purity of a colour. Colours with the same saturation are found along a straight line through the black point (S) on the NCS Colour Triangle.
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curity Security Security Security Security Securit Security Security Security Security Security Secur curity Security Security Security Security Securit Security Security Security Security Security Secur curity Security Security Security Security Securit Security Security Security Security Security Secur curity Security Security Security Security Securit Security Security Security Security Security Secur curity Security Security Security Security Securit Security Security Security Security Security Secur curity Security Security Security Security Securit Security Security Security Security Security Secur curity Security Security Security Security Securit Security Security Security Security Security Secur curity Security Security Security Security Securit Security Security Security Security Security Secur security curity Security Security Security Security Securit Security Security Security Security Security Secur Maxidor................................................................................................ 128 & 129
Robo Door..................................................................................................... 130
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OUR STRENGTH IS YOUR SECURITY
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Bobby Hayes 082 888 1919
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urniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furnitu urniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furnitu urniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furnitu urniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furnitu urniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furnitu urniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furnitu urniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furnitu urniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniturefurniture Furniture Furniture Furnitu urniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furniture Furnitu S A Wallbeds.................................................................................................... 132
Woodcreations......................................................................................... 134
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EDITORIAL
Recycling furniture & antiques
www.designanddecor.co.za
The built environment goes much further than just the building itself. A big portion of what enables us to use the buildings we have, is made up by furniture. What about the sustainability of furniture then?
When we consider furniture, we look at colour, style, comfort and practicality. These were not qualities that one easily found in old furniture. If we think back to those riempies chairs and benches that used to form part of our grandparents, households. Thoughts of pain, from sitting so upright, come to mind. Old cabinets and cupboards bring about memories of solid timber furniture, and moving these items was always difficult because of their weight. The amazing thing about these old pieces of furniture is twofold. Firstly, they had character, a certain romantic feel about them. Secondly, these pieces lasted, because of the sturdy way in which they were assembled. They could take the punishment that came their way. Thanks to this way of manufacturing, we still have many pieces of furniture from that era, full of character... and history. They are passed down from generation to generation, and adorn many a lounge and dining room. Some of these are worse for wear and giving them a fresh coat of varnish, or even touching them up with a coat of paint, if you don’t prefer the wood look, could turn an old piece of furniture into a unique item that compliments your style. Especially if it is still in a working condition, or can be refurbished. “So what does this have to do with sustainable design?” you ask. Not much, but by re-using old furniture pieces, you reduce the amount of waste to landfill. Inadvertently you also reduce the usage of virgin raw materials, as well as reduce energy consumption, which would have been required to manufacture new furniture. Further, there would be a reduction in transportation, which reduces air pollution as well as a reduction in fuel consumption, which is from a non-renewable resource. And the list carries on. This gives us a good indication of the domino effect that recycling brings about. With that in mind, maybe having a second look at Grandma’s antique furniture is necessary, especially from an application point of view, as we are all looking at it with sentimental eyes already.
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When do you and your colleagues feel at your most productive?
All around the world, people are developing offices that make them feel and work better. If that sounds like the sort of thing you would like for your own offices, the first step is to get in touch with us or our local partners. We‘ll be delighted to discuss with you how Sedus furniture and accessories can help you to achieve your own Place 2.5
www.sedus.com
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ruction & Contractors Construction & Contractors onstruction & Contractors Construction & Contra ruction & Contractors Construction & Contractors onstruction & Contractors Construction & Contra ruction & Contractors Construction & Contractors onstruction & Contractors Construction & Contra ruction & Contractors Construction & Contractors onstruction & Contractors Construction & Contra ruction & Contractors Construction & Contractors onstruction & Contractors Construction & Contra ruction & Contractors Construction & Contractors onstruction & Contractors Construction & Contra ruction & Contractors Construction & Contractors onstruction & Contractors Construction & Contra ruction & Contractors Construction & Contractors onstruction & Contractors construction andConstruction contractors & Contra ruction & Contractors Construction & Contractors onstruction & Contractors Construction & Contra Roycher Construction........................................................... 136 & 137 SAISC..................................................................................................................... 140
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Similarly to appointing an engineer for a beam design, they will now appoint a knowledgeable person to design the energy usage component. In the short term, I think this will be the case, in the long term, however, architects will be educated at university to comply with this new legislation. Then it will become part of their toolbox, automatically. I hear everyone say that we now need more fees, maybe they’re entitled to them, and on the other hand, we did these designs in our first and third year. It was part of our course, you should just charge the fees that you are supposed to, and that is where it comes in. Form 2, is the form that you complete to apply to the local council to be acknowledged as a competent person. This means that, if you’ve never done an energy efficient design, and the law now says you can be declared competent, and you are going to submit a building plan that apparently is energy efficient, then you must be certified that you can do energy efficient designs. Currently SACAP has no way of doing this, neither does any of the voluntary associations, so we, at the NCRS, were forced to step in and to protect the building control officials, state who is competent and who isn’t. We have people from various VA’s presenting courses that force people to know the legal requirements, because that is all we are interested in. We cannot go and tell people which bricks to use, or what colour
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INTERVIEW paint to use, we can only ask if you know the law, and if you know the law, then you are on your own. You then take responsibility for the act. That is where we are now, in the meantime. We don’t want to be in this position, we will step out as soon as people take over the responsibility. What is happening now is that SAIAT provides their own training and they take responsibility for it, PIA is doing the same and so is the CIA. GIfA also now want to do this, and we are happy with these developments. The more people who can do this training, and make it their own, the better, but remember that you are now providing a specialist solution by providing a rational design, that solution can change as the construction takes place. If you change the solution, then you must do a new rational design, as the rules will have changed. When the building is finished, then you must certify that this building was built in terms of the calculations of your specialist solution. Form 3 has always been the engineering form. Before you obtain an occupancy certificate, you indicated there was an engineer on site and the building inspector would ask for the engineering certificate. It is now the same here, you are a competent person and, in that light, will be asked where your certificate is. This does not mean that you have to go through the whole 6 stages of the building process, but that you must, before issuing of an occupancy certificate, ensure that you get back on site, and confirm that the client did not change anything, as he contracted you to provide a specialist solution, and if he did change the solution, then you cannot take responsibility for it. You will get nailed for it. At that stage, it is your responsibility to inform the local council that you withdraw your rational design as the owner deviated from the design. He must then get a new person, if you are no longer involved, or you must do a new rational design that matches the new scenario. The local authority must also be able to apply this. Form 4 is effectively the engineering form, as previously used, stating that the design complies after construction.
We at TO BUILD trust that the above provides some clarity regarding the implication and application of the new National Building Regulations and deemed to satisfy requirements contained in the SANS 10400 series of documents. We will be providing more information in this regard in our next issue. The sustainable benefits from implementing energy efficient design can be found in our article on page 156.
Included in an open letter to all professionals, the following was included as the role of the NRCS:
THE END
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Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bri & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & P Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bri & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & P Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bri & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & P Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bri & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & P Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bri & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & P Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bri & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & P Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bri & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & P Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bri & Paving Bricks bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & P and paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bri & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & Paving Bricks & P Claybrick Association........................................................................... 142 Corobrik.......................................................................................................... 143 All Brick........................................................................................................... 146
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CLAY BRICK
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EDITORIAL
Cma adopts fresh approach to awards for excellence
David Beer
Coinciding with its 40th anniversary celebrations, the Concrete Manufacturers Association (CMA) has announced that its 2012 Awards for Excellence competition will be run on an entirely new basis.
Unlike in the past when the competition categories were product-based, this year the emphasis is on the core values and standards on which precast concrete products and applications are measured, and the new award categories reflect this. These are as follows: Aesthetics; Sustainability; Community involvement; Technical excellence; Innovation; Vintage Besides the new categories, the number of awards has been halved from 36 to 18. Moreover, the threetiered structure comprising regional awards and ceremonies, national awards and five trophy awards has been dropped. It is being replaced by a single streamlined ceremony in which trophies are awarded to the overall winner of each category; in addition three commendation awards per category will be made. CMA director, Hamish Laing, says that each category is open to entries from any construction project, providing one or more precast concrete product, manufactured by a CMA member, has been used in its implementation.
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EDITORIAL “Entries will be judged on the contribution that precast concrete elements make in one or more of the competition’s categories. In other words the same project could be entered for more than one competition category. For example, a township paving project could be entered into several if not all six categories.” Laing says the standards on which the award entries will be judged this year will be as high if not higher than they always were, and awards will only be made if the quality of entries meet competition criteria. “In instances where standards are not sufficiently high, awards will be withheld,” says Laing. Commenting further, Laing says that an awards entry book won’t be published this year. Instead all entries will be posted on the CMA’s website and on Facebook. As in previous years a winners’ book will be published and distributed immediately after the Awards which will be staged jointly with the Association’s 40th anniversary celebrations, on 3 November 2012, at the Indaba Hotel in Johannesburg. “The event presents an outstanding opportunity for all professionals involved in the manufacture and application of precast concretes to establish themselves as trendsetters in their specific disciplines and to gain national recognition for their achievements,” concludes Laing. The deadline for entry submission is 29 June 2012, and judging by construction-related professionals will take place in July. Award entry forms together with the competition rules can be downloaded from www.cma.org.za.
Images from the 2010 entries are depicted, courtesy of www.cma.org.za
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Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete cement and concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Cement & Concrete Concrete Manufactures Association....................................... 148 Rocla.................................................................................................................. 150 Cement & Concrete Institute........................................................... 152 SAPY...................................................................................................................... 152
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Their piece of heaven
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EDITORIAL
Free user-friendly, architect-designed, subsidy-housing building plans
David Beer
The Concrete Manufacturer’s Association (CMA) is offering architect-designed plans for a 40m² subsidy house, at no charge, to anyone wishing to use them. Dubbed ‘The CMA House’, it is an initiative which, if adopted by the construction industry, will improve the quality and building productivity of subsidised housing dramatically. The project was officially launched by CMA director, Hamish Laing, at the South African Housing Foundation Conference in September.
Two plan options of The CMA House, both of which are available, at no charge, from the CMA.
Laing says modular masonry, using concrete blocks, forms the backbone of The CMA House. “The major difference between modular and non-modular masonry lies in the detail, especially in the plans and schedules. Besides the walls, doors and other dimensions, the plans detail each and every block used. This reduces the need for odd-sized units and the associated wastage of time and materials so prevalent in non-modular masonry.”
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EDITORIAL The CMA House or, more accurately, two houses, were designed, by an architect, using two different masonry units, one used largely inland, and the other in coastal regions. The inland set is based on the 290x140x90mm solid block. The coastal set is based on the 390 x140x190mm hollow block. The 140mm width of both units provides enough structural integrity, based on the SANS 10400-K standard, and is more economical than the 230mm width of a standard wall. Each CMA house plan includes; a full set of drawings, a normal raft foundation or an alternative Agrémentapproved precast concrete hollow-core option, modular masonry, and concrete roof tiles. The plans also include; schedules for block-cutting and for matching door and window frames to masonry units, recommendations on waterproofing external wall surfaces, and some energy-efficiency options. Laing says a double storey version of the CMA house is also on the cards, and two experimental houses have already been erected as part of the Housing and Home Warranty Conference Legacy Project in Cape Town. Both sets of drawings on The CMA House are available on the CMA website www.cma.org.za.
Superior strength, one of the facets of the CMA House, is graphically illustrated in this caricature, which is being used to promote the house.
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49 Eaton Road Hammarsdale 3700, South Africa • Tel: +27 31 736 8700 • Fax: +27 31 736 1589 • sales@sapy.com
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Turf-Ag Irrigation.................................................................................... 155 Archwood Protection........................................................................ 158
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Green…in every shape and colour, without breaking the bank! Perspex South Africa, the only local manufacturer of world class cast acrylic sheeting, is proud to announce the launch of Polygal Multiwall Polycarbonate Systems, one of the most energy efficient roofing, glazing and cladding materials in the world. With the new SANS building regulations turning the spotlight on green, energy efficient building materials, Multiwall Polycarbonate offers several attractive benefits: Call Perspex South Africa to find out more about the beauty of Cast Acrylic Perspex and the unique Polygal Multiwall Polycarbonate System.
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EDITORIAL
Benefits of Sustainable Design: Environment The environment, and its accelerating deterioration, was the trigger that led to the development of sustainable design. With this in mind, we focus on the environmental benefits that sustainable design delivers. The third, and last, of the ‘triple bottom line’, referred to in the first in our series on the Benefits of Sustainable Design, in Issue 3 of To Build.
Think about the generations and to say we want to make it a better world for our children and our children’s children. So that they know it’s a better world for them; and think if they can make it a better place. Heal the world – Michael Jackson
Our Constitution states, in the Bill of Rights, clause 24(b): “…to have the environment protected, for the benefit of present and future generations, through reasonable legislative and other measures…” This places a social responsibility on us, the current generation, to ensure an environment for our children, and their children, that is the same as we have. To ensure we achieve this, we not only need to change the way we live, but also need to change the way we build, especially as the built environment has been earmarked as the industry that could effect this change the fastest. The environmental benefits of sustainable design are far reaching and we break them down into the various categories of sustainable interventions here. Sustainable Siting: • Through good site selection, especially re-using brownfield sites, the use of virgin resources are decreased, as well as threatened species and wetlands are protected. This further increases the remediation of the brownfield sites. This also reduces erosion and flood damage through the re-establishing of these sites. Stormwater runoff into natural systems is reduced, which further reduces potential damage caused by flooding and erosion, benefiting the community further away from the site. • Selecting the best site, that provides you with the best location and condition, and a design that reduces the energy consumption and emissions, due to optimal orientation. Further, through dealing with the landscaping in accordance with indigenous and, especially, local plant species, you restore the ecological value of the site, which will increase the microclimate and eco system in the immediate vicinity of the development as well as reduce water consumption.
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EDITORIAL • Using location as a site selection criterion, for example, near public transport systems, reduces air pollution and usage of resources, through a reduction in private vehicle use. The need for additional roads that might need to be built is reduced. Water Efficiency: • In our discussion with the NRCS technical advisor, he indicated that regulations regarding water usage are well under way. The efficient use of water, through waterless urinals, dual flush WCs, reduced flow nozzles on taps, and other interventions, reduces the use of potable water and the demand on the current water networks. It further reduces waste water runoff, as well as energy required for waste water treatment plants, the benefits of which are listed below. • Recycling grey water and harvesting rain water, will further reduce the demand on the fresh water resources that are available, increasing the availability of this natural resource for future generations. Energy Efficiency: • Part XA of the National Building Regulations deals extensively with energy usage. The benefits of energy efficient design, however, go much further than just reducing your electricity bill. It also reduces the use of fossil fuels, which are not a renewable resource, extending the expected period this will remain available. CO2 emissions are reduced due to the manufacturing process of electricity and reduced transport requirements of the fossil fuels. This significantly benefits the environment. • By reducing light pollution through the effective use of lighting, you not only preserve the nocturnal habitat, but also reduce energy consumption as you do not consume electricity to light up the sky.
Sustainable Materials and Resources: • Recycling materials, and using sustainable materials, reduce waste that needs to go to landfills, as well as reducing the strain on virgin natural resources. The effects of landfills are becoming more apparent as there are indications that rainwater siphoning through the landfill, poisons groundwater, which is often used for potable water. By reducing the waste to landfill, we not only protect the local ecology, but also reduce the effect on ground water sources. • Sourcing materials and resources locally, reduces transportation requirements, which, in effect, reduces energy consumption, as well as pollution levels, caused by long transportation distances. • Using “green” products also reduces the pollution, waste, water contamination and energy consumption, which benefits the environment as listed already. • Using renewable resources, especially rapidly renewable materials, will reduce the use and depletion of long-cycle renewable resources, increasing forest management and biodiversity.
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EDITORIAL Indoor Environmental Quality: • Avoiding volatile compounds and formaldehyde in construction products, will reduce the emissions to the atmosphere, which improves the indoor environment and the atmosphere. • D ay lighting and efficient light usage reduces energy consumption with the benefits stated above as well as creating an improved working environment. Commissioning, Operation & Maintenance: • Energy efficient HVAC systems, which also do not use ozone depleting or global warming refrigerants, contribute to the protection of the ozone layer and reduce global warming. These systems also contribute to better indoor environmental quality. • G ood operation and maintenance of the building, reduces the air pollutant emissions, which also contributes to a better indoor environmental quality. • U sing natural cleaning products reduces chemical influx into the environment, which could lead to poisoning the natural water courses, waste water, and the indoor environment, because of volatile compounds. The above benefits exclude the additional benefits from sustainable construction methods, which reduce dust matter into the air, the loss of topsoil and the sedimentation of storm water systems. Good site management also protects trees and other vegetation, which ensures the natural habitat of the local ecosystem. It is in everybody’s interest to implement sustainable design interventions as far as possible, especially to protect the environment for future generations. However, it appears that, generally, the change to sustainability remains a slow and difficult one for most within the industry, which is why we see more and more legislation being implemented to ensure that we do consider the environment. If we do not start the change, we will be facing more and more stringent legislation coming in, to control the industry. The responsibility lies with each and everyone involved in the build environment.
What about sunrise What about rain What about all the things That you said we were to gain... Earth song – Michael Jackson
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orporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corporate P Corporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corpora orporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corporate P Corporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corpora orporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corporate P Corporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corpora orporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corporate P Corporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corpora orporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corporate P Corporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corpora orporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corporate P Corporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corpora orporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corporate P Corporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corpora orporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corporate P Corporate Profiles Corporate corporate profilesProfiles Corpora orporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corporate P Corporate Profiles Corporate Profiles Corpora NHBRC....................................................................................164, 165, 166 & 167
Arcelor Mittal..............................................168, 169, 170, 171, 172 & 173
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CORPORATE PROFILE
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Pictorial
Out and About SAFLOK 410 Launch at Spier Estate
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Pictorial
KSA affiliate meetings
Left: Johannesburg Below: Cape Town
KSA Year End Function in Cape Town
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WATERFRONT POOL RENOVATION
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VIEW
SA BUILDING REVIEW is a national annual resource handbook with its central focus on the identity of building products and services within the built environment in South Africa. It allows the supplier and manufacturer the opportunity to be identified and exposed in a more detailed and comprehensive manner to the building, architectural and design industry. The content is focused on advertorial, therefore giving it a more informative and personal approach to the targeted audiences. “An advertorial is an advertisement that is written and presented in the style of an editorial or journalistic report” This allows the reader more insight and knowledge of the products and services offered.
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BUILDING REVIEW
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ANNUAL ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCE HANDBOOK
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Student Designs
BHC School of Design, Cape Town
Fiona Stansfield – Restaurant + Cooking School
An interesting trend noticed during the student design competitions in recent years, has been the rise of the design standard of the Universities of Technology as well as independent design schools. BHC School of Design in Cape Town is an example of this development. They had finalists in both the PG Bison Student Design Competition, and the Ceaserstone Student Design Competition.
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Student Designs Hendre Bloem – Restaurant + Cooking School
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Jenni-Jane Fudge – Restaurant + Cooking School
Student Designs
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Student Designs
Saskia Bouwer – Caesarstone Competition
Tarquin vd Westhuizen – Caesarstone Competition
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LISTINGS: Architects Company Name: VAN BILJON BARNARDO ARCHITECTS Contact Number: 021 914 4945 E-mail Account: reception@vbba.co.za Website Address: www.vbba.co.za Company Description: We strive for contemporary design solutions that are client specific, site sensitive and environmentally responsible. Company Name: FRANCOIS MARAIS ARCHITECTS Contact Number: 083 226 7577 E-mail Account: francois@fmarchitects.co.za Website Address: www.fmarchitects.co.za Company Description: Commercial and upmarket residential Architects. Company Name: PRISM ARCHITECTS Contact Number: 015 296 4570 E-mail Account: info@prism-arch.co.za Website Address: www.prism-arch.co.za Company Description: Architects, space planners, interior designers and project managers Company Name: RICHTER & ASSOCIATES ARCHITECTS Contact Number: 012 460 6293 E-mail Account: info@r-aa.co.za Website Address: www.r-aa.co.za Company Description: A dynamic South African architectural firm, specialising in private, commercial and industrial architecture. Offering architectural design, interior design & decorating as well as landscape design. Company Name:
OUISE WILEMAN ARCHITECTURE L & INTERIOR DESIGN Contact Number: 021 913 6200 E-mail Account: studio@lwarch.co.za Website Address: www.lwarch.co.za Company Description: Specialist in residential architecture, exceptional design, project management and service excellence. Company Name: Osmond Lange Architects Contact Number: 0861 652 643 E-mail Account: info@0-l.co.za Website Address: www.o-l.co.za Company Description: Mixed-use urban design • Airports • Corporate and Commercial offices • Retail • Health • Industrial sports facilities • Residential • Multi-modal transport interchanges • Greenstar accredited • Education
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LISTINGS: Interior & Exterior Décor / Design Company Name: OBBLIGATO Contact Number: 031 701 6565 E-mail Account: info@obbligato.co.za Website Address: www.obbligato.co.za Company Description: Contemporary furniture for retail, commercial and corporate environments. Company Name: DSM Contact Number: 011 964 2995 E-mail Account: info@dsm-sa.co.za Website Address: www.dsm-sa.co.za Company Description: DSM Masonry, South Africa’s premium manufacturer of architectural masonry blocks, retaining walls, building material and landscaping products. Company Name: UNIQUE STONE & GARDEN DÉCOR Contact Number: 021 987 2589 E-mail Account: uniquestone@vodamail.co.za Website Address: www.uniquestone.co.za Company Description: Supplier and manufacturer of sandstone, wall cladding, cobble pavings’, flagstones, stepping stones and garden furniture. Company Name: SILK BY DESIGN Contact Number: 031 569 1446 E-mail Account: suemc@silkbydesign.co.za Website Address: www.silkbydesign.co.za Company Description: Silk by Design is an importers and distributors of fake flowers, orchids, trees and shrubs and supply retailers, architects and designers. Company Name: HEIDI JAGER INTERIOR DESIGN CONSULTANT Contact Number: 021 447 7288 l 083 269 5087 E-mail Account: Heidi@designschool.co.za Website Address: www.heidijager.co.za Company Description: Heidi Jager Interior Design Consultant offer a complete turnkey design service, including all aspects of a contract, such as project analysis, creative design, shop fitting and project management. Company Name: STYLE DÉCOR Contact Number: 087 941 3889 E-mail Account: sales@styledecor.co.za Website Address: www.styledecor.co.za Company Description: We manufacture, wholesale & retail, a wide variety of ornamental product for building, garden & interior applications. Products are manufactured using materials such as concrete, fire & textile cement, GRC and fiberglass.
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LISTINGS: Contractors Company Name: Rocon Building Contact Number: 011 466 0811 E-mail Account: info@rocon.co.za Website Address: www.rocon.co.za Company Description: Rocon Building is a South African based construction company, specialising in the construction of luxury housing. Company Name: CAPE CORE CONSTRUCTION Contact Number: 083 282 9285 E-mail Account: info@capecore.co.za Website Address: www.capecore.co.za Company Description: Up-market residential and exclusive commercial development. We keep the environment in mind, whilst building for demanding clients, often in challenging locations. Company Name: Ego Log Homes Contact Number: 011 462 0308 E-mail Account: sales@ecologhomes.co.za Website Address: www.ecologhomes.co.za Company Description: Eco Log Homes offers a complete range of timber construction methods, including timber frame, log profile cladding, Vermont plank, post and beam and interlocking double tongue and groove heavy solid log. Company Name: UCB Contact Number: 082 356 1996 E-mail Account: ucb1@vodamail.co.za Website Address: www.ucbshopfitters.co.za Company Description: We specialise in custom made shop fitting, dry-walling, ceiling and partitioning, timber decking, custom cabinetry and much more. Company Name: 5H Construction Maintenance Contact Number: 082 040 3502 E-mail Account: andre@5h-cms.com Website Address: www.5h-cms.com Company Description: Dry walling, suspended ceilings, home and office renovations or alterations. turn-key building projects. Company Name: G.E. Project Management Contact Number: 021 554 0600 E-mail Account: admin@geprojects.co.za Website Address: www.geprojects.co.za Company Description: We undertake construction and/or project management of new homes, renovations and small to medium sized residential or commercial developments.
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NOTES www.mediaxpose.co.za
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..........41 ........204
..........29 ............7 ..........70 ........168 ........146 .190,191 .172,173 .....1,104 ........112 ..........84 ........142 ........124 ........148 ..........66
........127 ........197 ........164 ............3
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........144 ........133 ........134 ..........96 ........108 ........115 ..........36 ..........38 ........120 ..........15 ..........39 ........162 ............9 ........122 s .......68 ........150 ..........43 .....56,58 ........107 ss.......81 ........130 ........152
A.G. Ismail........................................72 Able Walling Solutions...........64 All Brick.......................................146 Alu Glass..................................68,69 AMA Architects............................25 AMS....................................................86 Arcelor Mittal..........168,169,170,171,172,173 Arch Wood Protection..........158 Ash Resources............................15 Bates Access Flooring.............56 B-Earth..........................................124 Blue Scope Steel (Pty)Ltd.......49 Caesar Stone...................... 116,117 Cape Patio Blinds........................90 Cemcrete.......................................58 Cement & Concrete Institute.......................................152 Charles Pein & Partners.........46 Clay Brick Association...........142 Concrete Manufacturers Association.................................148 Corobrik......................................143 Decorex SA....................................19 Dekade Paints.............................126 DNA Logic........................................78 Doortec..........................................66 Egoli Gas........................................14 E-Home Automation Systems..........................................76 Ergo Systems...............................60 Eskom................................................9 Eticon Construction.......160,161 Fire and Gas Lifestyle..............93 Firespec Systems.........................3 Freestyle Decking...................110 Future Light.................................80 Geberit Southern Africa (Pty) Ltd...........................112 Genrec Engineering..................44 Institute for Timber Construction......................108,109 Isca.................................................114 Khanda Seating..............................7 Kitchen Show................................98 Komatiland Forests (Pty) Ltd .....................106 Limelight Design..........................33 Living Walls - Vertical Plantscapes.................................36 Louise Wileman Architects.....................................24 Mac D Firehouse..........................92
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Marley Roofing ..........................48 Maxidor..................................128,129 Medal Paints...............................122 Merensky.....................................104 Minaco.............................................61 Mitek Industries...................52,188 Natural Quartz Flooring.........................................54 NHBRC........................164,165,166,167 Perspex SA...................................154 Philips..............................................83 Plumblink.....................................100 Pool Cover Specialists SA.............................186 RDA Aluminium...............................70 Real Fires.......................................94 Robo Door...................................130 Rocla.............................................150 Roycher Construction......................136,137 Rudi’s Choice...............................120 RV Technologies.......................162 SA Building Review....................177 SA Wallbeds................................132 Safal steel......................................5 Saint Gobain Construction Products.......................................74 Servest Landscaping................40 Sharp Shop Architects.......28,29 Show Cupboards.........................96 Solent Trading............................82 South African Institute for Steel Construction.............................140
ADVERTISERS’ INDEX
........117 ........114 ........121 .....64,65
South African Polypropylene Yarns.............152 Southern Right...........................88 Swissline Design.......................102 Tile Africa........................................1 Turf-Ag..........................................155 Unique Stone & Garden Décor..............................34 Vital engineering........................42 Vrede Textiles.............................89 Waterfront Pool Renovations................................176 Woodcreations.........................134 YZ Gardens cc..............................38
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advertorial MiTek® Nail-Plated Timber structures MiTek as the leading Roof Truss System supplier in South Africa and the world, with a network of over 140 licensed prefabricated timber roof truss manufacturers across Southern Africa, provides a competitive and economic solution to even the most complex of roofing problems. This MiTek fabricator network, using MiTek’s state-of-the-art software programs, provides high quality, purpose engineered truss units to satisfy the need of an ever increasingly complex roofing market.
Examples illustrating the diversity of application:
Residential: Ideal for all types of residential roof applications from very small to extremely large. Also especially well-suited for Attic roof applications thereby creating extra living space at a lower overall building cost, a benefit still underutilized in South Africa.
Commercial: Well suited for all types of commercial roof applications up to about 16m span, thereafter transportation can become challenging. Also especially well-suited to steep high pitched roof structures rather than low shallow pitched.
Multi-Purpose: Nail-plated timber framed structures can be utilized in so many different ways from Formwork to Seating-stands to simply exposed structures. This clearly illustrates the simplicity, beauty and strength of nail-plated timber structures.
Extra-ordinary: With special engineering input from MiTek’s own professional team of engineers it is possible to create some very large and unusual roof structures, as illustrated by these two projects: Sarela View Church using laminated timber and a 40m clear span Sports Hall.
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MiTek® Ultra-Span® Light gauge steel structures The low mass per m2 (between 2-10kg/m2) of this roofing system ensures both savings on the supporting structure as well as on transportation and erection costs. Large sections of the roof can simply be pre-assembled on the ground and hoisted into position on the walls – making this one of the most viable roof systems in the range of 20m to 40m clear span structures.
Examples illustrating the scope of applications:
Residential (trusses): With savings on trusses due to larger spacings added to further savings on erection due to the light weight (approx. 4kg/m2) and the convenience of no site wastage, these roof structures are ideal for low-cost housing projects with Tiled or Sheeted roofs. The roof trusses are supplied pre-assembled or in Kit-form for site assembly.
Residential (purlins): The strength and diversity of the Ultra-Span profiles make it an ideal choice for simple purlin roof applications as often found in low-cost housing. Span capabilities vary from 3m -6m with a very low mass of only 2kg/m2 of roof area. With no site wastage and all materials being galvanized, it is ideal in even remote areas.
Community: Even Church projects or other community projects with larger spans (as shown above 28m & 30m spans) for both tiled and sheeted roofs are easily managed with Ultra-Span trusses whilst maintaining the vaulted ceiling effect.
Commercial: With a proven track record of many successful applications in large clear spans (SparBrighton, Zambezi –Mall), Ultra-Span is one of the most economical roof structure solutions in the range from 16m -35m – this applies especially to low-pitched roofs.
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MiTek Industries (Pty) Ltd Tel: 011 237 8700 E-mail: marketing @ mitek.co.za Website: www.mitek.co.za
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