បរមត្ថជោតិកា-1

Page 1

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បរមតថេជតិក ខុទទកបឋ-អដឋកថ សុតតនតបិដក ខុទទកនិកយ េលខ ៥២

ែរបជេខមរភស េបះពុ មពេលីកទី ១ ចំនន ួ ៣.០០០ ចបប់

ករផសយរបស់រពះសងឃវតតបករនិេវសន៍ កំែផង ព.ស ២៥៥៤

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PARAMATTHAJOTIKÀ PARAMATTHAJOTIK (Commentary) SUTTASUTTA-PIÅAKA PI AKA Khuddakā ya Khuddaka-nikā nikaya Khuddakapa Khuddakapatha

Translated from Pali to Khmer 1st Edition 3.000 Copies

A publication Of Wat PÀKÀRAKNIVESANÀRÀM KAMPHENG’S MONK B.E 2554

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អរមភកថ សុខ សទធមេម ទសន ករសែមតងេឡងនូវធម៌របស់ សបបុរសជេហតុបននូវេសចកដីសុខ

អស់ រយៈកលជង ២៥០០ ឆនម ំ កេហយ ែដលរពះអនវរណញញណ

បនរបកសសែមដងនូវរពះសទធមរម បស់ រពះអងគ។រពះធម៌ ែដលជពុទធវចនៈបនរបសូ ត េចញពីរពះឱសៃថលៃនរពះសមពុទធ ។ កររបកសនូវរពះធមមចកកបបវតតនសូ រត របស់

រពះអងគ កនុងែថង ១៥ េកត ែខ អសឍ ឆន ំ រក បនញ ុ ំងឱយរពះអញញេកណឌញញ និងរពហមចំនន ួ ១៨ េកដិ តំងេនកនុងអរយសមបត ិ ិត េនះជរបវតតិដំបូងៃន

របវតតិសរសតមនុសសជតិ ែដលបនសគល់រពះពុទធសសន ។ បនទប់ពីរបកស

សែមដងរពះធម៌េនះមក រពះមនរពះភគជមចស់ បនចំណយេពលខងចុងៃន វដដសងសររបស់ រពះអងគ េដមបរី បកសសែមដងរពះធម៌ កនុងេគលបំណងបងហញផលូវ

េឆពះេទកន់សនតិវរបទ គឺរពះនិពវន ដល់េវេនយយសតវ ។ មនេពលខលះ ករសែមដង រពះធម៌របស់ រពះអងគ

បនញ ុ ំងឱយសតវេលក

បនរតស់ ដឹងរប់ចំនន ួ មន ិ បន

( ) ដូចរពះេថរៈមនរពះនមថ រពះសរបុ ី តត ជនជតិរសីលងក (ព.ស ១៦៩៦) 1 ជ

រពះដីកចរយ ដ៏របេសរបនរចន គមពរី សរតថទីបនីដីក ដីករពះវន័ ិ យ រតង់

េវរញជ កណឌវណណន

មនេសចកតីថ

”រពះមនរពះភគ

រពះអងគឧបបតតិេឡងកនុង

េលក េដមបអ ី នុេរគះដល់ េលក ។ េតរពះអងគបនអនុេរគះយ៉ ងណ? បុគគល

ឯណ កលសតប់រពះធមមវេសសេទសន របស់ រពះតថគត បនផឹកនូវទឹកអរមត ិ ឹ

ចក់ធុ ះនូ ល វរពះធម៌ រពះមនរពះភគែតងអនុេរគះដល់បុគគលពួកេនះ ។ ែមនពិត

នកលរពះភគវនតមុនី

រពះអងគបនញ ុ ំងេពលឱយកនលងេទ

សបតហ៍

១-រពះសរ ីបុតតេតថរ ជបិដកធរ មនរពះជនមកុងរជយរពះបទបរកក ន មពហុ ។ វណណ កមមរបស់រពះេថរៈ អងគេនះ មនវ ិនយសងគហ ឬវ ិនយវ ិនិច័ឆយ ជគមពីរែដលបរ ិយយយ៉ ងសេងខបពីរពះវ ិន័យ, សរតថទីបនី ជដីករបស់គមពីរសមនតបបសទិក,គមពីរសរតថមញូជ ស ជដីករបស់គមពីរអដឋសលិនី, នីលដឋបបកសិនី ជគមពីរដីករបស់គមពីរបបញចសូទនី ។ េលកមនកូនសិសសេឆនមៗជេរចនអងគ ដូចជសងឃរកខិត, សុមងគល, ពុទធនគ និងវចិសសរជេដម ។ Dictionary of Pali Proper Names,By G.P.MALALASEKERA,1974 .

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-ខេពធិមណឌល រពះអងគបនយងេចញពីេពធិមណឌល េទកន់ៃរពឥសិបតនមគ ិ -

ទយវន័ េដមបរី បកសសែមតងរពះធមមចកកបបវតតនសូ រត េដយន័យជេដមយ៉ ង

ខ ងឡយ េនះថ េទវេម ភក វ មនលភក ិ ិ ុ ទំ ិ ខ េវ អនត បពវជិេតន ន េសវតព អនតធម៌ទង ំ ឡយពីរយ៉ ងេនះឯង

ភក ខ ន ិ ុម ិ គួរេសពេឡយ

ដូេចនះ

រពះអញញ-

េកណឌញញ េតថរដ៏មនអយុ មួយអេនលេដយរពហម ១៨ េកដិ បនផឹកនូ វទឹកអរមត ឹ ។ កនុងៃថងទីរបំ

បនទប់ពីរបកសធមមចកកបបវតតនសូ រតមក

រពះដ៏មនរពះភគបន

សែមតងនូវអនតតលកខណសូ រត កនុងទីបំផុតៃនរពះសូ រត បញច វគគិយភក ិ ុ ខ បនតំង

េនកនុងរពះអរហតត យសកុលបុរត

េរកយមក

រពះអងគបនញ ុ ំងបុរស

ជរបមុខឱយតំងកនុងរពះអរហតត

៥៥

រូប

មន

េហយេនឯដងៃរពកបបសិកវន័

ញ ុ ំងភទទវគគិយ ៣០ រូប ឱយតំងេនកនុងមគគ ៣ ផល ៣ ។ បនទប់ពីេនះមកេទៀត រពះបរមេលកនថ បនញ ុ ំងជដិល ១០០០ រូប េនឯគយសីសរបេទស

ឱយតំងេនកនុងរពះអរហតត កនុងទីបំផុតៃនអទិតប ត រយយសូ រត ចំែណកឯកនុងៃរព ិ លដឋិវន័ រពហមណ៍ និងគហបតិ ចំនន ួ ១១ មុន ពិ ររជ ឺ នក់ មនរពះបទពិមស

ជរបមុខ េរកយពីបនសតប់រពះធមមេទសន បនតំងកនុងេសតបតតិផល, េហយ 

ចំនន ួ ១ មុន ឺ នក់េទៀត បនតំងេនកនុងសរណគមន៍ ។ កនុងទីបំផុតៃនករ

អនុេមទនតិេរកុឌស ួ ៨៤.០០០ បនផឹកនូ វទឹកអរមត ឌ ូ រត សតវចំនន ឹ ។ សតវ ៨៤.០០០ រូប កនុងកររបជុំៃនសុ មនមលករកតី សតវ ១០.០០០ រូប កនុង

សមគមធនបលកតី

៨៤.០០០

រូប

កនុងសមគមខទិរងគរជតកកតី

សតវ

៨៤.០០០ រូប កនុងសមគមជមពុកជីវកកតី សតវ ៨៤.០០០ រូប កនុងសមគម-

អននទេសដឋីកីត សុ ទែធ តបនផឹកនូ វទឹកអរមត ឹ ។ កនុងៃថង ែដលរពះសមពុទធ សែមដង បរយនសូ រត នបសណកេចតិយ សតវ ១៤ េកដិ បនផឹកនូ វទឹកអរមត ឹ ។

សតវ ២០ េកដិ កនុងៃថង ែដលរពះពុ ទធជមចស់ សែមតងយមកបដិហរយកត ិ ី សតវ

៨០ េកដិ កនុងសម័យែដលមកសតប់ករសែមតងរពះអភធ ិ មមរបស់ រពះសមពុទធ ែដល

រពះអងគសែមតងេដមបេី របសរពះមត េទៀបមណឌលបណុ ឌ កមពលសិល នសថន

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-គតវតិងសកតី សតវ ៣០ េកដិ កនុងកលរពះសមពុទធសែមតងេរឿងេទេវេរហណកតី

េទវត៨០.០០០ រូប កនុងកលរពះពុទធសែមតងសកកបញហកតី សុ ទែធ តបនផឹកទឹក អរមត ួ ៃនសតវសេរមចធម៌ កនុងឋនៈ(ករសែមដង) បួន ឹ ។ មន ិ មនករកំណត់ចំនន

េនះគឺ កនុងកលសែមដងមហសមយសូ រត ១ កលសែមដងមងគលសូ រត ១ កល

សែមដងចូឡរហុ េលវទសូ រត ១ កលសែមដងសមចិតប ត ដិបទ ១ ។ េនះរគន់ែត ជចំនន ួ ខលះ

ែដលេយង  បនដឹងតមរយៈ

រពះគនធរចនចរយ

ឬរពះធមមសងគ-

ហកចរយប៉ុេណ ណ ះ ។ េនមនចំនន ួ សតវ ែដលដែងហរពះមនរពះភគយង និង

និមនតេទរពះនិពវន រប់ចំនន ួ មន ិ បន របមណមន ិ អស់ េទៀតផង ។ េហយេន

សម័យេរកយមក ដូ ចជកនុងករផសពវផសយរពះពុ ទស ធ សនរបស់ រពះេថរៈទំងឡយ ជសងឃទូ ត ែដលនិមនតេទកែនលងេផសងៗ តមេថរបញជរបស់ រពះេមគគលិ លបុតតតិសសេតថរ

និងេដយមនរជូបតថមៃភ នរពះបទធមមេសក មនសតវបនសតប់ និងសេរមចធម៌ យ៉ ងេរចនអេនក ។ ដូ ចមនកនុងគមពរី សមនតបបសទិក របស់ រពះពុ ទធេឃសចរយ

គមពរី សរតថទីបនីដីក របស់ រពះសរបុ ី តេត តថរ, និងគមពរី សសនវងស របស់ រពះេថរៈ

រពះនមបញញសមេិ តថរ បនសែមដងថ េរកយពីករេធវ តតិយសងគយនេហយ

រពះេមគគលិ ប ល ុតត ត ិសសេតថរ បនរ ំពឹងេមល  នូវករតំងេនៃនសសន ថេតសសន

នឹងតំងមំេនកនុងទីណ? េពលដឹងថសសននឹងតំងមំេន កនុងបចចនរត បេទស រពះេថរៈបនបញជូ ននូវរពះសងឃទូត េទផសពវផសយសសនកនុងទីេផសងៗ មនៈ ១−រពះេសណេតថរ និងរពះឧតតរេតថរ និមនតេទកន់ ែដនដីសុវណណភូមិ ២−រពះមហរកខិតេតថរ

និមនតេទកន់ េយនកបុរ ី

៤−រពះេយនកធមមរកខិតេតថរ

និមនតេទកន់ អបរនតករបេទស

៦−រពះមហេទវេតថរ

និមនតេទកន់ មហិសករដឋ

៣−រពះរកខិតេតថរ

៥−រពះមជឈនតិកេតថរ

និមនតេទកន់ វនវសីរបេទស

និមនតេទកន់ កសមីរគនធររបេទស

៧−រពះមហធមមរកខិតេតថរ

និមនតេទកន់ មហរដឋរបេទស

៩−រពះមហមហិនេទ តថរ

និមនតេទកន់ េកះសីហឡ ។

៨−រពះមជឈម ិ េតថរ

និមនតេទកន់ ចីនរបេទស

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-ឃផលូវនីមយ ួ ៗ ែតងមនគណៈសងឃរបំៗរពះអងគេទៀត េដមបង ី យរសួល

កនុងករបំេពញឧបសមបទ ដល់កុលបុរតកនុងបចចនជ ត នបទ ។

បនឮមកថ កលរពះេថរៈ រពះនមឧតតរៈ និងរពះនមេសណៈ បន

និមនតេទដល់ែដនដីសុវណណភូមេិ ហយ បនផចញ់ នងអរកសទឹក ែដលែតងែតមក ចប់កូនអនករសុកទំពសុ ី ។ េរកយពីបនផចញ់ នងអរកសទឹកេហយ រពះេថរៈ ទំងពីររពះអងគ

បនរបមូលមនុសសទំងឡយឱយមកជួបជុំគន

រួចរបកសនូវ

រពហមជលសូ រត ។ ធមមភស ិ ម័យ មនដល់សតវរបមណ ៦ មុន ឺ នក់ កនុង

សននិបតេនះ ។ ពួកេកមងអនករសុកទំងឡយចំនន ួ ៣.៥០០ នក់ និងកុលធីត របមណ ១.៥០០ នក់ បនបួសេហយ ។

េនឯេយនកបូរ ី រពះមហរកខិតេតថរ បនសែមដងកឡករមសូ រត ជន

របមណ ១៣៧.០០០ នក់ បនសេរមចមគគ និងផល េហយពួកមនុ សស របមណ ១០.០០០ នក់ បនបួសកនុងសមនក់របស់ រពះេថរៈ ។ រពះពុទស ធ សន

បនតំងេនមំកុ ងរដឋ ន េយនកៈេនះ េដយរបករដូេចនះ ។

រពះេថរៈរពះនម រកខិតេតថរ បននិមនតេទកន់វនវសីរបេទស បនញ ុ ំង

ជនទំងឡយ កនុងទីេនះឱយរជះថល េដយករសែមតងអនមតតគិយ គ បរយយកថ ។ ិ

កនុងទីបំផុតៃនកថ ធមមភស ិ ម័យ បនសេរមចដល់ សតវ ៦០.០០០ នក់ ។ ពួក

មនុសសរបមណ ៣៧.០០០ នក់ បនបួសកនុងរពះពុ ទស ធ សន រពះវហរ ៥០០ ិ

ខនង បនកសងេដមបឧ ធ សន ។ ី ទទិសដល់រពះពុទស ចំែណកឯរពះេយនកធមមរកខិតេតថរ

បនញ ុ ំងជនអនកេនកនុងអបរនតកជនបទេនះ

បននិមនតេទកន់អបរនតកជនបទ ឱយរជះថល

េដយករសែមតង

អគគិកន ខ ូ បមសូ ធ រត ។ សតវរបមណ ៣៧.០០០ រូប ឱយផឹកអមតធម៌ ។ បុរសកនុង

រតកូលកសរត របមណ ១.០០០ នក់ និង រសតី ៦.០០០ រូប បនបពវជជ ។

រឯរពះមជឈនត ី ិកេតថរ ជអនករបជញ បននិមនតេទកន់ែដន កសមីរគនធរៈ ញ ុ ំង

ពួកនគទំងឡយ របមណ ៨៤.០០០ នគ ជសតវកចសហវឱយតំង េនកនុង

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-ងសរណៈ ៣ និង សីល ៥ ។ េធវឱយបញច កយកខ និងនងយកសហរត ិ ីយកខិនី

រពមទំងកូ នរបមណ

៥០០

រូប

ឱយតំងេនកនុងបឋមផល

េលកបន

របកសសែមដងអសិវសូ ិ បមសូ រត ញ ុ ំងសតវ ៨០.០០០ រូប បនសេរមចធម៌ និង

មនរតកូល ១០០.០០០ រូប បនបួស ។

រពះមហេទវេតថរ និមនតេទកន់មហិសករដឋ របកសសែមតង េទវទូតសូ រត

កនុងទីបំផុតៃនរពះសូ រត

សតវរបមណ

៤០.០០០

រូប

កុលបុរតចំនន ួ ៤០.០០០ រូប បនេចញបួស ។

បននូវធមមចកខុ

រពះមហធមមរកខិតេតថរ និមនតេទកន់មហរដឋជនបទ បនញ ុ ំងជនទំង

ឡយឱយរជះថល

េដយករសែមតងមហនរទកសសបជតក

សតវរបមណ

៨៤.០០០ រូប បនសេរមចមគគ និងផល ។ មនុសសចំនួន ១៣.០០០ នក់ បនបួស ។ រពះមជឈម ិ េតថរ

មួយអេនលេដយរពះកសសបេគតតេតថរ

រពះអឡកេទវេតថរ

(1) រពះទុនុ ភ ទ ស ិ សរេតថរ និងរពះសហសសេទវេតថរបននិមនតេទកន់ចីនរបេទស ជចំែណក

ៃនេហមវនតបបេទស(2) ។ រពះេថរៈទំងឡយ បនសែមតងនូវធមមចកកបបវតតនសូ រត

ញ ុ ំងសតវរបមណ ៨០ េកដិ ឱយតំងេនកនុងមគគ និងផល ។ ជនរបមណ

១០០.០០០ រូប បនបួសេហយកនុងរពះពុទស ធ សន ។ ចំែណកខងរពះមហិនេទ តថរ

ែដលនិមនតេទកន់លងកទវីប

បនរបកស

រពះធម៌ជេរចនេលក មនសតវបនេរកបនូវអមតធម៌ មនចំនន ួ យ៉ ងេរចន បន

ញ ភ រំ ទរពះពុទស ធ សន ិ តិសស ឱយរជះថល និងជួយឧបតថមគ ុ ំងរពះបទេទវនមបយ

ឱយតំងេនកនុងេកះលងកទីប វ រហូ តដល់សពវៃថង ។ ករេលកេឡងនូវរបវតតិខីៗ ល េនះ

រគន់ែតចង់បំផុសគំនិតរបស់ អក ន សិកស

ទំងឡយ មកពិនិតយនូវអតថរបេយជន៍ៃនរពះពុទស ធ សន ករវវតត ិ ករផសពវផសយ

រពះសទធមរម បស់ រពះសមពុទធ ែដលរពះេថរៈទំងឡយ អនកជបណិឌ ត ជមហកវ ី

បនរចន និងសងគយនេដយលអេហយ ។

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១-គមពីរសសនវងស ។

២-គមពីរសមនតបបសទិ ក បលី-ែរប ភគ ១ ទំព័រ ១២៨ ។

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-ចគមពរី េឈមះ បរមតថេជ ក អដឋកថ ខុទក ទ បឋ ែដលសថិតកនុង

រពះហសថរបស់ រពះេថរនុ េតថររគប់អងគ និងៃដៃនអនកសបបុរសទំងឡយ គឺជវណណកមម

ដ៏លអឯករបស់ រពះពុទេធ ឃសចរយ ជអដឋកថចរយដ៏លបល ធ តវតសទី ១០ ី បញនពុទស គង់េនអនុ រធបុរ ី ៃនេកះលងកទវីប បនរចនេហយ េដយគមនករអរធន

ពីជនដៃទ(1) ។ បណុ ំត ៃនអតថបទធម៌ ែដលរពះសមពុទធសែមតងេហយេដយលអ មន

របំបន ួ យ៉ ងគឺៈ សរណគមន៍, សិ កខបទ បទ,, អករៈ ៣២ របករ, របករ, កុមរបញហ,

មងគលសូ រត, ត,, នធ ត, រតនសូ រត, ត, តិេរកុឌស យេមតតសូរត ឌ ូ រត ិ ក ិ ណឌសូ រត នង ិ ករណីយេមតត

គឺរពះពុទធេឃសចរយ បនយកមកអធិបបយេហយកនុងគមពរី េឈមះ បរមតថេជតិក

េនះ េដយេសចកតីពិសតរ ។

េគលបំណងៃនករបកែរប នង ព សយនូវគមពរី េនះ គឺ ិ េរៀបចំេបះពុមផ

១−េដមបផ ី សពវផសយរពះពុេទធវទឱយទូ លំទូលយ ។

២−ផតល់ជឯកសរសរមប់អន និងសិកសរសវរជវឱយកន់ែតេរចន ។

៣−េដមបព ំ ឡយ ជ ី នយល់រពះពុទធវចនៈ តមវទៈរបស់ រពះអរហនតទង

ពុទម ធ តញញូ សរមប់យកេទបករសយឱយបនរតឹមរតូវតមពុទអ ធ ធយរស័ យ ។

៤−ចូលរួមេលកកមពស់អកសរសរសតជតិ តមរយៈសសនរបស់ ជតិ ។

៥−ចូលរួមេលកកមពស់សីលធម៌ តមរយៈអតថបទសសន ។ ៦−ផតល់ជមគ៌ សរមប់របតិបតតិធមមរពះពុ ទស ធ សន ។

ដំេណរៃនករបកែរប នង ិ េរៀបេរៀងេបះពុមព ៖

−េធវករបកែរប គមពរី បរមតថេជតិក មកជភសែខមរ េដយសរេសរជ

សំ េណៃដេលរកដសេសៀវេភេរពៀង ។ −ចមលងចូ លកុំពយូទ័រ

−រតួតពិនិតយសរជថមី េលអតថបទេដមមនៈ អតថនយ ័ បទ បលី អកខរៈ

ពយញជ នៈ អកខរវរុិ ទិធ និងសរមួលេសចកតីជភសែខមរ ឱយងយយល់ ។ ១-គមពីរចុ លគ ល នថវងស រចនេដយរពះននទបបញញេថរ ។ ,

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-ឆ−េផទៀងផទត់េឡយវញ ិ េដយេរបអដឋកថបរមតថេជតិក ភសបលីរបស់

ឆដឋសងគយន (ភូម) និងគមពរី បរមតថេជតិក ភសបលី របស់ មហមកុដរជវទយល័ យសងឃ (ៃថ) េដយេរបរបស់ រពះៃរតបិដកជភសែខមរ ជេគល និង ិ

េរបរបស់ វចននុរកមែខមររបស់ សេមដចរពះសងឃរជ េជតញ ញ េណ ជួន ណត

កនុងករសរេសរអកសរ ។ រកុមករងធមមទន ក៏បនេរបរបស់ ឯកសរដៃទេទៀត ជជំនយ ួ កនុងករបកែរប និងេរៀបេរៀងគមពរី េនះ ដូចមនកនុងឯកសរេយងរសប់ ។

េទះបីករបកែរប និងេរៀបេរៀង រពមទំងករែកសរមួល េដយហមតច ់ ត់

ជទីបំផុតយ៉ ងណក៏េដយ

ក៏មន ំ ង គ បនេឡយ ិ អចេគចផុ តពីករខុសឆគឆ

កំហុសទំងេនះ អចេកតេឡងេដយអេចតនក៏មន េដយសមតថភពអនកេធវ

មន ៏ ន ។ េទះបីជមនកំហុសខលះក៏េដយ ក៏រកុមែរប និងេរៀបេរៀង ិ ទន់រគប់រគន់កម យល់េឃញថ មនកររបេសរជជងករមន ិ េធវអីេវ សះ ។

េរពះេហតុេនះ រកុមែរប និងេរៀបេរៀង សូ មេផញនូវ គមពរី បរម បរមតថ តថេជត េជតក ិ េនះ

ដល់អនកសិកស និងអតថេកវទ ិ បណិឌ ត កវ ី េដមបជ ី ួយែកសរមួលកែនលងែដលមន

កំហុស េហយរកុមែរប និងេរៀបេរៀង នឹងយកមកែកលមអជថមី កនុងករេបះពុមព េលកេរកយេទៀត ។ រកុមែរប និងេរៀបេរៀងសងឃម ឹ យ៉ ងមុតមំថ អនកសបបុរស

ទំងឡយ នឹងជួយែកសរមួលេដយកតីអនុេរគះជមន ិ ខន ។

បត់ដំបង, ៃថង ១៣ េកត ែខ អសសុជ ព.ស ២៥៥៤ តំណងរកុមែរប និងេរៀបេរៀង

₤şĆ ˝ŲŜЮ₧ េមឿន សមុត

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-ជប តទនវចនៈ េដយអំណចៃនករខិតខំរបឹងែរបង

បកែរប

និងេរៀបេរៀង

គមពរី

បរមតថេជ ក អដឋកថ ខុទក ទ បឋ ៃនគមពរី សុ តន ត ប ត ិដក ខុទក ទ និកយ េលខ ៥២

េដយវរី យភពៃនឆនទ ៈកនុងករងរធមមទនដ៏ឧដុ ងឧ គ តតមេនះ ិ

-សូ មបូជចំេពះគុ ណរពះរតនៃរត ែដលជែកវដ៏របេសរ េដយេសចកតីេគរព ។

-សូ មបូជ ចំេពះរពះធមមសងគហកចរយ រពះអដឋកថចរយ រពះដីកចរយ

រពះអនុដីកចរយ

រពះគនថរចនចរយ

រពះេវយយករណចរយទំងឡយ

រពះគណីឋ បទចរយ

ែដលមនឧបករៈ

ពុទវធ ចនៈមកដល់សពវៃថង ។

រពះបុរណចរយ

កនុងករែថរកសទុ កនូវ

-សូ មឧទទិសនូវរពះរជកុសលេនះ ថវយចំេពះសេមតចរពះមហសុ េមធធិបតី

រពះសងឃរជ គណៈមហនិកយ េជតញ ញ េណ ជ ួន ណត ជរពះបិត

ខងអកសរសរសតែខមរ ។

-សូ មឧទទិសថវយរពះអតីតសេមតច និងសេមតចរពះសងឃរជរគប់រពះអងគ ។

-សូ មឧទទិសថវយ របេគន ជូន រពះរជកុសល និងកុសល ដ៏មហ

របេសរេនះ ចំេពះសងគីតិកចរយជតិ រគប់រពះអងគ និងរូប ែដលមនគុណូបករៈ កនុងករបកែរប េរៀបចំេបះពុមព រពះៃរតបិដកជភសែខមរ ។

-សូ មឧទទិសថវយរពះរជកុ សល ចំេពះអតីតរពះមហកសរត រពះមហកសរតិយនី

រគប់ៗរពះអងគ ។

-សូ មថវយរពះរជកុសល ចំេពះសេមតចរពះអគគមហសងឃរជធិបតី

-សូ មថវយរពះរជកុសល ចំេពះសេមតចរពះសងឃរជទំងពីរគណៈ

-សូ មរបេគនកុសល ចំេពះរពះេថរនុេតថរៈរគប់ៗរពះអងគ

-សូ មថវយរពះរជកុសល ចំេពះរពះករុណរពះបទសេមតច

រពះបរមនថ

នេរតតម សីហមុនី រពះមហកសរតៃនរពះរជណចរកកមពុជ

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-ឈ-សូ មថវយរពះរជកុសលចំេពះរពះករុណរពះបទសេមតច

រពះនេរតតម

សីហនុ រពះមហវរកសរត រពះវររជបិតឯករជ បូរណភពទឹកដី និងឯកភព ី

ជតិែខមរ និងសេមតចរពះមហកសរតី នេរតតម មុនីនថ សីហនុ រពះវររជមត

ជតិែខមរ កនុងេសរភព េសចកតីៃថលថូ រន និងសុ ភមងគល រពមទំងរពះរជវងសនុវងស ។ ី -សូ មជូនចំេពះ របមុខរជរដឋភប ិ ល មរនតីរជកររគប់លំដប់ថនក់

-សូ មឧទទិសជូ នចំេពះ មតបិត និងរគូឧបជឈយចរយ ៃនេយងខញុំទង ំ អស់

-សូ មជូនេលករគូអគគបណិឌ ត ធមមចរយ ប៊ុត សវងស

-សូ មជូនេលករគូ ធមមបណិឌ ត រស់ សុ ផត

-សូ មជូនេលករគូវនយចរយ គំ អុីវ ិ

-សូ មជូនេលករគូធមមចយ (ទកខបបេញញ) េអឿ េស -សូ មជូនចំេពះពុទប ធ រស័ ិ ទទំងកនុងរបេទស និងេរករបេទស -និង ជូនដល់សពវសតវកុ ងៃរតភពទំ ន ងអស់ ...............។

សូ មរទង់េរតកអរ

និងេរតកអរអនុេមទន

យកនូវចំែណកធមមទន

ែដលផុសេឡងពីេសចកតីរជះថលកនុងរពះរតនៃរត និងវរី យភពកន ិ ុ ងករងរធមមទនេនះ

ឲយបនរគប់ៗរពះអងគ រគប់ៗរូប រគប់ៗគន កុំបីអក់ខនេឡយ ។

ចរំ ិ តដឋ ិ ត ុ សទ ធេមម កេល វសសំ ចរំ ិ បជំ

តេបបត ុ េទេវ ធេមមន រជ រកខត ុ េមទន ឹ សូ មរពះសទធមម សថិតេនអស់ កលយូរ

សូ មេទវតបងអុរេភលៀងដល់ សតវ តមសមគួរដល់កល អស់ កលយូរ សូ មរពះរជរគប់រគងែផនដីរបកបេដយធម៌ ៕

សូ មអនុេមទន...!!!

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-ញ-

រកុមែរ+ ន,ង េរៀបេរៀង ១-រពះមហសចចកលយេណ

េមឿន

សមុត

សមណនិសសត ធ ិ ៃនពុទិក

សកលវទយល័ យ រពះសីហនុរជ សខេខតតបត់ដំបង ។ ិ

២-រពះមហធមមរកខិតភិក ុខ ឡង ធ សកលិ ៃនពុ ទិក ុ កុសល សមណនិសសត វទយល័ យ រពះសីហនុរជ សខេខតតបត់ដំបង ។ ិ

៣-រពះភិករតនេឃសេក េយឿន យ៉វ រពះវនយចរយវតត បករនិេវសន៍ ិ ុខ េហវតតកំែផង ។

៤-រពះភិក ុខ រកខិតមេន ឈុន សុវណណៈ សមណសិសស ៃនពុទិក ធ វទយល័ យ ិ

អុឹង ធួង េខតតបត់ដំបង ។

៥-រពះមហ ចនទេសេន សិម សុឈ ុំ សមណនិសសត ធ សកលិ ៃនពុទិក វទយល័ យ រពះសីហនុរជ ភនេំ ពញ ។ ិ

៦-សមេណរ គមពីរវិេជជ ែណប សុណ ី សមណសិសស ៃនពុទិក ធ វទយល័ យ ិ អុឹងធួង េខតតបត់ដំបង ។

៧-ឧបសក ញ៉យ សរ៉ត់ សិសសៃនពុទិក ធ វទយល័ យ អុឹង ធួង បត់ដំបង ។ ិ

អនកពិនិតយអកខរវិរ ុទធិ

១-រពះមហសចចកលយេណ

េមឿន

សមុត

សមណនិសសត ធ ិ ៃនពុ ទិក

សកលវទយល័ យ រពះសីហនុរជ សខេខតតបត់ដំបង ។ ិ

២-រពះភក ិ ុ ខ សមថនុរេតត េពរជ េសៀក ជធមមចរយ និងជសមណសិសស ៃនពុទិក ធ វទយល័ យ អុឹង ធួង េខតតបត់ដំបង ិ

៣-រពះមហធមមរកខត ិ ភិក ុខ ឡង កុសល សមណនិសសត ធ សកលិ ៃនពុទិក ុ វទយល័ យ រពះសីហនុរជ សខេខតតបត់ដំបង ។ ិ ៤-រពះភក វតតបករនិេវសន៍ ិ ិ ុ ខ រតនេឃសេក េយឿន យ៉វ រពះវនយចរយ

េហវតតកំែផង ។

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-ដ៥-រពះភក ធ វទយល័ យ អុឹង ិ ិ ុ ខ រកខិតមេន ឈុន សុវណណៈ សមណសិសស ៃនពុទិក

ធួង េខតតបត់ដំបង ។ ៦-រពះមហ

ចនទេសេន

សិម

វទយល័ យ រពះសីហនុរជ ភនេំ ពញ ។ ិ

សុឈ ុំ

សមណនិសសត ធ សកលិ ៃនពុទិក

៧-សមេណរ គមពីរវិេជជ ែណប សុណ ី សមណសិសស ៃនពុទិក ធ វទយល័ យ អុឹង ិ

ធួង េខតតបត់ដំបង ។

៨-េលក សួន ប៊ុនេជឿន ជសរសតចរយភសបលី ៃនពុទិក ធ វទយល័ យ អុឹង ិ ធួង និងជរបធនមនទីរធមមករ និងសសន េខតតបត់ដំបង ។

៩-េលករគូធមមចរយ ហយ ចំេរ ន

១០-ឧបសក ញ៉យ សរ៉ត់ សិសសៃនពុទិក ធ វទយល័ យ អុឹង ធួង បត់ដំបង ។ ិ

អនកជ ួយ1ចចករធមមទន ១-រពះេតជគុណ ញណសរេណ េឃឿប បូរ និងពុទប ធ រស័ ិ ទ វតតធមមសមគគី

របេទសអូរសតលី ។

២-រពះេតជគុ ណ េនតុបណឌិេត េគឿន បុិច េចអធិករ វតតបករនិេវសន៍ កំែផង ។

៣-រពះមហ ធមមេជតិេក ហុង េពឿន សមណនិសសត ធ សកលិ ៃនពុទិក វទយល័ យ រពះសីហនុរជ សខេខតតបត់ដំបង ។ ិ

៤-រពះេតជគុណ សមថនុរេតត េពរជ េសៀក រគូធមមចរយ វតតេពធិវងស ។ ៥-រពះេតជគុណ ចនទេជេត េលឿម សុភព រគូធមមចរយ វតតភជ នំ ញជំង

៦-សមេណរ មុត សេមៀន សមណសិសស ពុទិក ធ វទយល័ យ អុឹង ធួង ិ

៧-េលករគូធមមចរយទកខបបេញ ញ េអឿ េស និងពុទប ធ រស័ ិ ទ វតតសនសំកុសល

មនឧបសិក លីប៉ូលន ី សុម ី ប៉ូ ជេដម (U.S.A U.S.A) U.S.A

៨-េលករគូធមមចរយ ហយ ចំេរ ន រកុងបត់ដំបង ៩-ឧបសិក ប៉ង ស៊ន ុ និងបុរត រកុងបត់ដំបង

១០-ឧបសិក ត ំង េប៉ជឹង េហឧបសិក ទន់ និងបុរត រកុងបត់ដំបង ១១-េលក គឹម េសភ័ណ និងភរយ រពមទំងបុរត រកុងកំពត ិ

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-ឋ-

១២-ឧបសក ធី រ៉ន់ និងឧបសក តឹង សំបូរ េខតតបត់ដំបង ១៣-ឧបសិក យឹម ជូរ និងបុរត េខតតបនទយមនជ័យ ១៤-ទយក ិ សឺម សុខឡី េខតតបនទយមនជ័យ ១៥-ឧបសក

របេទសបរំង

េចត

េចង

ឧបសិក

គក

កូឡប

និងពុទប ធ រស័ ិ ទ

១៦-ឧបសក ឡង ិ ទ(U.S.A) ុ សយ ឧបសិក ឯក ប៊ុនណ និងពុទធបរស័

១៧-ឧបសិក េក គឹមលន់ និងពុទធបរស័ ិ ទ(U.S.A)

១៨-បងរសី ឈុំ សែអម និងពុ ទប ធ រស័ ិ របេទសកណដ

អនករចនរកប ១-រពះមហធមមរកខិតភក ិ ុ ខ ឡង ុ កុសល ២-រពះមហ ចនទេសេន សិម សុឈ ុំ

៣-េលក ម៉ុន ភិរមយ

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-ឌ-

matika

matikaFm’

TMB½r

BaküR)arB§Km<Ir>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>1 karkMNt;xuTÞk)az>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>2 karCRmHBaküepþIm>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>6

1-BN’naRBHRt½ysrN³>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>10 karsEmþgeLIgGMBIRBHBuT§ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>10 karsEmþgGMBIsrNKmn_ nigGñkdl;srNKmn_>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>14 karbMPøW kardac; karmindac; nigplénsrNKmn_>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>16 karbMPøWGMBIkardl;srN³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>19 karsEmþgeLIgGMBIRBHFm’ nigRBHsgÇ>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>24 GFib,ayehtukñúgkarkMNt;tamlMdab;>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>27 RbkasedayesckþI]bma>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>28

2-BN’nasikçabT >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>33 dMbUg)az³faedaysikçabT >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>33 kMNt;esckþIEbøkKñarbs;sikçabTTUeTA >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>36 cg¥úlbgðajbTTUeTA >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>36 BN’nasikçabT 5 xagedIm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>40 vinicä½ysikçabTdUcKña nigepSgKñaCaedIm>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>43 BN’na 5 sikçabTxagcug >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>65

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3-BN’naGMBIGakar³ 32 Rbkar>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>74 BN’nakarsm<½n§énbT>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>74 GsuPPavna >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>78

eksa = sk; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>88 elama = eram >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>90 nxa = Rkck >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>91 Tnþa = eFµj >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>92 teca = Es,k >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>94 mMsM = sac;>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>97 nðaru = srés >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>99 Gdæi = q¥wg >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>101 GdæimiBa¢M = xYrkñúgq¥wg>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>107 vkáM = tRmgbsSav³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>109 hTyM = ebHdUg >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>110 yknM = eføIm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>111 kielamkM = vav >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>112 bihkM = RkBH >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>113 b)ösM = sYt >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>115

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GnþM = eBaHevonFM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>116 GnþKuNM = eBaHevontUc >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>117 ]TriyM = GaharfµI>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>118 krIsM = Gaharcas; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>121 mtßlugÁM = xYrkñúgk,al >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>123 bitþM = Rbmat; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>124 esmðM = esøsµ_ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 125 bueBVa = xÞúH >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>126 elahitM = Qam >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>127 eseTa = ejIs >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>129 emeTa = xøaj;xab; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>130 GsSú = TwkEPñk >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>131 vsa = xøaj;rav >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 133 exeLa = Twkmat; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 134 sigÇaNika = TwksMe)ar >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>135 lsika = TwkrMGil >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>137 mutþM = TwkmURt ¬bsSav³¦>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>138 bkiNÑkneya = bkiNÑkn½y >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>151 4-BN’nakumarbBaða>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>156

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-តehtuekIteLIgénerOg>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>156 RbeyaCn_énkardak;bTepþIm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>157 BN’nabBaðafaGVIEdlehAfa 1 ?>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>158 BN’nabBaðafaGVIEdlehAfa 2 ? >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>163 BN’nabBaðafaGVIEdlehAfa 3? >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>165 BN’nabBaðafaGVIEdlehAfa 4? >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>168 BN’nabBaðafaGVIEdlehAfa 5?>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>172 BN’nabBaðafaGVIEdlehAfa 6 ?>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>174 BN’nabBaðafaGVIEdlehAfa 7 ?>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>176 BN’nabBaðafaGVIEdlehAfa 8 ?>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>179 BN’nabBaðafaGVIEdlehAfa 9 ?>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>182 BN’nabBaðafaGVIEdlehAfa 10?>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>186

5-BN’namgÁlsURt >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>190 RbeyaCn_énkartaMgbT>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>190 kfaBN’nabzmmhasgÁayna>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>190 BN’na)az³fa

ÉvM CaedIm>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>211

em >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>215 EkbT sutM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>216

EkbT

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-ថ-

ÉkM nig smyM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>221 EkGtßénbT PKva >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>227 EkbT viPtþva >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>232 EkbT Ptþva >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>232 EkbT PevsuvnþKmn >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>233 EkbT savtßiyM vihrti>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>234 EkGtßénbT eCtven >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>236 EkGtßénbT GnafbiNÐiksS Garaem Garaem >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>236 Ek GPikánþ s½BÞ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>240 EkGtßénbT ekvlkb,M >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>243 EtGtßénbT

eBalGMBImUlehtuekItmgÁlb,Baða>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>249

BhU eTva>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>258 BN’Kafa fa Gesvna c >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>260 BN’Kafa fa bdirUbeTsvaesa c >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>276 BN’naKafa fa Bahusc©Ba© >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>281 BN’naKafa fa matabitu]bdæanM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>286 BN’naKafa fa TanBa© >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>292 BN’naKafa fa GartI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>296 BN’naKafa fa Kareva c >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>300 BN’naKafa fa

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xnþi c >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>309 BN’naKafa fa te) c >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>315 BN’naKafa fa pudæsS elakFemµhi >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>319 BN’naKafa fa ÉtaTisani >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>322 BN’naKafa fa

6-BN’nartnsURt >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>330 RbeyaCn_énkartaMgbT >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>330 erOgRkúgevsalI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>331 karnimnþmkrbs;RBHmanRBHPaK >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>336

yanIF >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>344 BN’naKafa fa tsµa hi >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>347 BN’naKafa fa ygáiBa©i >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>352 BN’naKafa fa xyM viraKM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>373 BN’naKafa fa ym<úT§esedæa >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>375 BN’naKafa fa ey buKÁla >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>378 BN’naKafa fa ey sub,yutþa >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>383 BN’naKafa fa yfinÞxIela >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>386 BN’naKafa fa ey Griysc©ani >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>389 BN’naKafa fa shavsS >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>391 BN’naKafa fa

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-ធ-

ctUh)eyhi >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>394 BN’naKafa fa kiBa©abi esa >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>397 BN’naKafa fa vnb,Kuem< >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>400 BN’naKafa fa vera vrBaØÚ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>403 BN’naKafa fa xINM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>406 BN’na 3 Kafa fa yanIF CaedIm>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>410 BN’naKafa fa

7-BN’natierakuDÐsURt >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>422 RbeyaCn_énkartaMgbT>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>422 KafaGnuemaTna>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>423 BN’naKafaTI 1>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>425 BN’naKafaTI 2>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>465 BN’naKafaTI 3>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>438 BN’naKafaTI 4 sm<½n§CamYyKafaTI 3>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>441 BN’navKÁxagcugénKafaTI 4 sm<½n§CamYyvKÁxagedIménKafaTI5>>>443 BN’navKÁxagcugénKafaTI 5 sm<½n§CamYyvKÁxagedIménKafaTI 6>>>444 BN’navKÁxagcugénKafaTI 6 sm<½n§CamYyKafaTI 7>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>449 BN’naBIrKafa KWKafaTI 8 nigKafaTI 9>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>452 BN’naKafaTI 10>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>453 BN’naKafaTI11>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>454

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-នBN’naKafaTI 12>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>456 BN’naKafaTI 13 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>458

8-BN’naniFikNÐsURt>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>463 ehtuénkartaMgeLIgRBHsURt >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>463 ehtuekIteLIgénRBHsURt>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>464 BN’naKafaTI 1>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>465 BN’naKafaTI 2>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>468 BN’naKafaTI 3>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>470 BN’naKafaTI 4 nigTI 5>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>472 BN’naKafaTI 6>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>474 BN’naKafaTI 7>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>477 BN’naKafaTI 8>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>480 BN’naKafaTI 9>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>483 BN’naKafaTI 10>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>485 BN’naKafaTI 11>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 488 BN’naKafaTI12>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>493 BN’naKafaTI 13>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>494 BN’naKafaTI 14>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>497

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-បBN’naKafaTI

15>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>499

BN’naKafaTI 16>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>500

9-BN’naemtþsURt>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 505 RbeyaCn_énkartaMgsURt>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>505 karCRmHniTan>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>506 BN’naKafaTI 1>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>513 BN’naKafaTI 2>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>524 BN’naKafaTI 3>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>530 BN’naKafaTI 4>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>533 BN’naKafaTI 5>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>538 BN’naKafaTI 6>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>539 BN’naKafaTI 7>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>541 BN’naKafaTI 8>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>542 BN’naKafaTI 9>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>545 BN’naKafaTI 10>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>547 niKmnkfa>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>553 Éksareyag>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>556 namBuT§bris½T >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>557

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nema tsS PKveta Grheta smµa sm<úT §sS sU m nmsSkarcM e BaHRBHd¾ m anRBHPaKCaGrhnþ s mµ a sm< ú T § G gÁ e naH .

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az³

KnßarmÖkfa BaküR)arB§Km<Ir

ni e TÞ s énkarkan; y kRBHéRtsrNKmn_ y : a genHfa ´RBHkru N asU m dl; R BHBu T § C aTI B w g ´RBHkru N asU m dl; R BHFm’ C aTI B w g ´RBHkru N asU m dl; R BHsgÇCaTI B w g sU m ,I v ar³TI

2ni g TI 3

k¾ d U c Kñ a ¬1¦

Caesckþ I e pþ I m rbs; K m< I r

xu T Þ k )az³ . \LÚ v enHedI m ,I b gð a jeFI V k arEbgEckeFV I [ gaynU v Gtßén)alIenH ´nwgeBalGFib,ayesckþIenH

edayGdækfaxu T Þ k )az³

eQµ a Hfa

brmtß e Cati k a . ´¬RBHBu T § e Xasacarü¦ Cagvtß ú T aM g Lay

sU m fV a ybgÁ M R BHrtnRt½ y d¾ x < g ; x < s ;

EdlKY r fV a ybgÁ M

ehI y nw g eFV I k arBN’ n aGtß é n

Km< I r xu T Þ k )az³ . karBN’ n aenH KW ´ Gñ k sÁ a l; R BHBu T § s asnati c eFV I ) an eday lM) akéRkElg eRBaHKm< Ir xu TÞ k)az³ manGtßd¾e RCAy:a genaH . eRBaH esckþ I v i n i c ä ½ y rbs; b u r aNacarü

enAmanCani c © r hU t dl; s BV é f¶ e nH

1-c,ab; qdæ s gÁ ayna mi n manBaküfa {tfa tfa Tu t i y M ttiym,i ERbfa sU m ,Iv ar³TI 2 TI 3 k¾ d U cKña } .

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

EdlnvgÁstß úsasna k¾sßi tesßrenAdUecñaHEdr . eRBaHehtue naH ´nwg GaRs½ynvgÁ stß ú sasna R)afñ a nw g BN’ n a

.

bMNgnwg temáIg xøÜ n

nig karvi ni cä ½yrbs; bur aNacarüenH

edaykareKarBy: a gxø a M g kñ ú g RBHsT§ m µ CiHCan;Gñk déT

karBN’naesckþIenaHcuH.

eTI b

mi nEmn

sUmGñk TaMg Layp© g ; c i t þ sþab;

xuTÞkvvtßanM

karkMNt;xuTÞk)az³ ´nwgeBalTukkñúgBaküR)arB§enaHfa

{nwgeFVIkarBN’naesckþI

rbs;xuTÞk)az³ )az³xøH} ´nwgkMNt;xuTÞk)az³TaMgLayCamu nsi n eTIb eFVI karBN’ naCaxageRkay

.

cMENkmYy²

rbs; x u T Þ k ni k ayenaH

eQµaHfa xuTÞk³ . cMENkmYy² rbs;nikayTaMg 5 eQµaH xuTÞknikay . Km< I r TaM g 5 ni k ay KW ³ TI X ni k ay mCÄi m ni k ay sMyutþnikay GgÁútþrnikay nigxuTÞknikay eQµaHfa nikay5 edayFm’ nigedayGtß . bNþanikayTaMg 5 enaH RBHsURt 34 sURt man RBhµCalsURtCaedIm eQµaHfa TIXnikay . RBHsURt man 152 sURt manmUlbriyaysURtCaedIm eQµaHfa mCÄimnikay . RBHsURt 7762 sURt man »XtrNsURtCaedIm eQµaHfa sMyutþnikay . RBHsURt 9557 sURt sRmab;CaFmµTan

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Knß a rmÖ k fa BaküR)arB§ K m< I r

-3-

mancitþbriyaTansURtCaedIm eQµaHfa GgÁútþrnikay . xuTÞk)az³ FmµbT ]Tan \tivutþk³ sutþni)at vimanvtßú ebtvtßú efrKafa efrIKafa Catk nieTÞs bdismÖiTa GbTan BuT§vgS criyabidk RBHBuT§vcn³d¾ess evor vin½ybidk nigGPiFmµbidk b¤nikayTaMg 4 eQµaHfa xuTÞknikay . ehtudUcemþ cnik ayenH eTI belakehAfa xu TÞknik ay ? eRBaHkar rYb rY m b¤k ¾CaTIe nArbs;K MnrénFm’t Uc²cMnYneRcIn . EmnBi t karRbmU l rY m Kñ a elakehAfa ni k ay . edaysasna ni g elak kñ ú g esckþ I enHmansaFk³CaedI m y: a genHfa {BY k stV t i r cä a nenH d¾ v i c i R ty: a g Na ci t þ N a EdlviciRty:agenaH mñalPikçúTaMgLay tfaKtminEdl eXIj sUm,InUvBYkFm’mYydéTGMBIcitþenaHeLIy¬1¦. BYkkSRte)aNik³BY k kSRtci k ç x lø i k a} . cM E NkmY y ²rbs; xu T Þ k ni k ayenaH mandUecñH . BYkFm’l¥it² Edlrab;esckþIkñúgsutþnþbidkBYkenH EdlelakR)afñ a nw g bgð a j cM E NkeFV I [ gayedayGtß xu T Þ k )az³ 9 manRbePT eday GM N acsrN³ si k ç a bT TV t þ w s akar ku m arbBað a ¬sameNrbBað a ¦

1-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay xn§varvKÁ elx 33 TMB½r 344 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-4-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

mgÁ l sU R t rtnsU R t tierakuDÐsU Rt niFi kNÐ sU Rt nigemtþsURtén Km< Ir xu TÞ k³enaH

Caesckþ I e dI m

edayGM N acEdlGacarüeRkay²

elI k eLI g kan; v i F I b gð a t; b eRgón

BM u E mnedayBaküEdlRBHsm< ú T §

Cam© a s; R tas; T u k eT . EmnBi t KafaenH RBHmanRBHPaKCam© a s; R tas; f a

GenkCati GenkCati sMsarM sn§avisSM GniBVis M KhkarM Kevsenþa Tuk ça Cati bunb,ún M Khkark Tiedæasi bun eKhM n kahsi sBVa et pasuka PKÁa KhkUd M visgçtM visgçarKtM cit þM tNðanM xymCÄKa . kaltfaKt

mi n Tan; ) anCY b RbTH

sV H EsV g rkCagpÞ H KW t Nð a

¬eBaFi B aØ a Nrvl; E t¦

Gñ k eFV I p Þ H KW G tþ P aB

k¾ G enÞ a leTAkan;

sgSarvdþ manCati d ¾ e RcI n karekI t CaTu k ç e rOy² . En+ ¡ CagpÞ H Gñ k Ég eFV I p Þ H KW G tþ P aB

tfaKteXI j ehI y

Gñk nw g eFV I p Þ H ¬rbs; t faKt¦

eTotmi n)aneLI y q¥ w g CM n I r KW k i e ls rbs; G ñ k TaM g Gs; t faKt kac; bM ) ak; G s; e hI y dM b U l pÞ H KW G vi C ¢ a tfaKtkM c at; e calehI y ci t þ sRmab;CaFmµTan

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Knß a rmÖ k fa BaküR)arB§ K m< I r

-5-

rbs; t faKtdl; R BHni B V a nEdlmansgç a rR)asehI y

tfaKt)an

dl; F m’ CaeRKÓgkS½ y tNð a TaM g LayehI y ¬1¦ . RbCMuBIrénRBHKafaenH CaKafaxagedIm énRBHBuT§vcn³TaMgGs; . KafaenHRTg;Rtas;edaykareBaltampøÚvcitþEtmü:ag BMuEmnRTg;Rtas; eday kareFV I nU v vcI e PTehI y Rtas; s Emþ g eT . cM E NkRBHKafaenHfa

yTa hev )tuPvnþi Fmµa Gatabiena Qayeta RBahµNsS GfsS kgça vbynþi sBVa yeta bCanati sehtuFmµM . Fm’ 2TaM g Lay rEmgR)akddl; x I N asvRBahµ N _ Gñ k man Büayam

jú M a gki e ls[ekþ A

Gñ k du t bg; n U v ki e lskñ ú g kalNa

esckþ I s gS½ y TaM g LayTaM g BY g rbs; x I N asvRBahµN_enaH

k¾swg

1-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az FmµbTKafa bzmPaK PaK 52 TMB½r 54 . 2-Fmµ Fmµati

Gnuelambc©yakarbdievFsaFka

eBaFibkçiyFmµa

ERbfa

eBaFibkçiyFm’

Edl[seRmckarRtas;dwgnUvbc©yakarCaGnuelam eQµaHfa Fm’ ¬smnþb,asaTika Gdækfa mhavKÁ vin½ybidk ¦ . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-6-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

Etrm¶ab;Gs;eTAkñúgkalenaH eRBaHfaxI N asvRBahµ N _ e naH dw g c,as; nU v Fm’ ni g ehtu . esckþ I s gS½ y TaM g BY g rbs; R Bahµ N _ e naH rEmg Gs; e TAeRBaHdw g c,as; n U v Fm’ ni g ehtu ¬1¦ . KafaenH eQµ a Hfa bzmKafa edayGM N ackareFV I n U v vcI e PT ehI y Rtas; s Emþ g

.

eRBaHehtu e naH

xu T Þ k )az³

Edlman

9

RbePTenHÉNa eQµ a HfaCaesckþ I x agedI m énKm< I r xu T Þ k ni k ayenaH eyI g nw g epþ I m BN’ n aesckþ I é nxu T Þ k )az³enaHBI x agedI m teTA .

niTanesaFnM karCRmHBaküepþ I m

BuT§M srNM Kcäami FmµM srNM Kcäami sgÇM srNM Kcäami e nH Cae sckþ I d M b U g rb s; B aküe pþ I m xage dI m e naH . mati k a BN’ n a esckþ I r bs; B aküepþ I m enaH mandU e cñ H 1-vinybidk mhavKÁ bzmPaK elx 6 TMB½r 3 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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Knß a rmÖ k fa BaküR)arB§ K m< I r

-7-

Rt½ysrN³nrNaeBal? eBaleRBaHehtuGVI? kñ ú g TI e nH

eBalkñúgTINa?

mü:ageTotBMu)anRtas;TukmkBIdMbUg

elakeTI b Rtas;TukCaesckþIdMbUg

epþImxagedIm GM B I R BHBu T §

eBalkalNa?

tGM B I e nHeTA

.

caM)ac;RtÚvCRmHBakü

kñ ú g Baküepþ I m xagedI m

GM B I k ardl; s rN³

eRBaHehtuGVI?

k¾ n w g Cak; c ,as;

ni g GM B I b u K Á l Gñ k dl; s rN³

ni g

sEmþ g kardac; karmi n dac; é nsrNKmn_ TaM g pl TaM g srN³ Edl KY r dl; sU m ,I k ñ ú g srN³ 2 man Fmµ M srNM srN CaedI m k¾ d w g ehI y fa mann½ y y: a genH nw g GFi b,ayehtuk ñú gkarkMNt; edaylMdab; ehIy nwg RbkaséRtsrN³enaH edayesckþ I ] bma TaM g Lay . bNþaKafaTaMgenaH KafadMbUgmundéT manbBaða 5 y:agKW 1 - RBHéRtsrN³enH nrNaeBal ? 2 - eBalkñ ú g TI N a ? 3 - eBalkñ ú g kalNa ? 4 - eBaleRBaHehtu G V I ? 5 - eRBaHehtu G V I R BHtfaKtBM u ) anRtas; T u k mkBI d M b U g ? eRBaHehtu GV I k ñ ú g TI e nHeTI b Rtas; T u k Caesckþ I dM bU g . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-8-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

karvi s C¢ n acM e BaHbBað a TaM g 5 enaH KW bBað afa nrNaeBal? visC¢ nafa RBHmanRBHPaKCam©a s; Rtas; mi n Emnsav½ k

mi n EmnBY k \sI

eBalkñ ú g TI N a?

vi s C¢ n afa

mi n EmneTvtaeBaleT

.

bBað a fa

kñ ú g éRB\si b tnmi K Tayv½ n

Ci t Rkú g

BaraNsI . bBað a fa eBalkñ ú g kalNa? vi sC¢ nafa kñ ú g kalEdl RBHysetß r d¾ m anGayu ni g smø a j; T aM g Lay )anseRmcRBHGrhtþ kalRBHGrhnþ m an

61

GgÁ

RbeyaCn_ s u x dl; C ncM n Y n eRcI n

eFI V k arsEmþ g Fm’ k ñ ú g elak .

bBað a fa

edI m ,I

eBaleRBaHehtu G V I ?

vi s C¢ n afa edI m ,I b BV C ¢ a ni g ]bsm,Ta . eRBaHdU e cñ a H RBHmanRBHPaK eTI b RTg; R tas; T u k fa {mñ a lPi k ç ú T aM g Lay Gñ k TaM g LayRtÚ v [bBV C ¢ a []bsm,Ta y: a genH . ku l bu R tenaH Pi k ç ú K b,I e karsk; ni g Bu k mat; C adM b U g ehI y [esøóksMBt;kasay³TaMgLay

[GgÁúyRcehag

ehIypÁgGBa¢lIeLIg

rY c R)ab; f a Gñ k cU r eBalBaküenH¬1¦fa ´RBHkruNasUmdl;RBHBuT§CaTIrlwk 1-{ymhM vTami/ tM veThI}ti vtþeBVa BaküfacUreBalenaH RBHGdækfaBnül;fa {´eBalnUv BaküNa GñkcUreBalnUvBaküenaH} . smnþb,asaTika GdækfamhavKÁ vin½ybidk . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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Knß a rmÖ k fa BaküR)arB§ K m< I r

-9-

´RBHkruNasU m dl; n U v RBHFm’ C aTI r lw k ´RBHkru N asU m dl; R BHsgÇ CaTI r lw k } ¬1¦ . bBað a fa

eRBaHehtu G V I

kñ ú g TI e nHRBHsm< ú T § e TI b RTg;Rtas;Ca

dMbUg? visC¢nafa eRBaHeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay naM K ñ a kan; R BHsasna edayPaBCa])askxøH

CabBVCitxøH edayviFIy:agenH eTIbburaNacarü

TaM g Lay kalrY b rY m nvgÁstß úsasn_ enH edaybidkTaM g 3 ehIy elI keLIgkan; v i F I b gð a t; b eRgón

eRBaHdU e cñ a H

eTI b Rtas; C aesckþ I

dM b U g kñ ú g xu T Þ k )az³enH eRBaHCapø Ú v eTAkan; R BHsasna .

1-vin½ybidk mhavKÁ bzmPaK elx 6 TMB½r 70 .

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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1-srNtþyvNÑna BN’ naRBHéRtsrN³

BuT§v iPavna karsEmþ geLI g GM BI R BHBuT§ \LÚvenH BaküNa´eBalTukfa {nwgsEmþgnUvRBHBuT§ kardl; srN³CaTIrBJk

nigbuKÁlGñkdl;srN³CaTIrBJk}

kñ ú g BaküenaH

stV v i e ss eQµ a Hfa RBHBu T § eRBaHbBaØ t þ GaRs½y xn§ snþa n Edl RtÚ vGb;r M edaykarcak;F øúH nU vGnu tþr ³ ni g vi e makç EdlCani m i t þ é njaN KWeTasCati

minxÞaMgxÞb;k ñúg Fm’TaM gLay

b¤ eRBaHbBaØt þ

GaRs½ykar

Rtas;dwgxøÜnÉgnUvsc©³ EdlmansBVBaØútBaØaNCabTdæan . smdUcBakü EdlRBHsu K tsEmþ g Tu k fa {Baküfa RBHBu T § )andl; R BHmanRBHPaK CasymÖÚ\tmanRKÚGacarü )anRtas;dwgsc©³edayRBHGgÁÉg kñúgFm’T aM g Lay Edlmi n Fø a b; B ¤ k ñ ú g kalmu npg RTg; d l; n U v sBV B aØ ú t BaØ a N kñ ú g sc© ³ enaHpg RTg; d l; n U v PaBsÞ a t; C M n ajkñ ú g Bl³TaM g Laypg} ¬1¦ . karsEmþ g GM B I R BHBu T § e dayGtß b : u e NÑ H . EtfaedayBüBa¢ n ³ Kb,I R Cabedayn½ y CaedI m y: a genH fa {eQµ a Hfa Bu T § ³ eRBaHRTg; C aGñ k Rtas; d w g eQµ a Hfa Bu T § ³ eRBaHRTg; 1-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay mhanieTÞs Rtg;sarIbutþsutþnieTÞs elx 66 TMB½r237 .

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-12-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

CaGñ k das; [ PJ a k; . smdU c RBHsarI b u R t eBalTu k fa{Baküfa RBHBu T § cu H RBHnamfa RBHBu T § edayGtß f adU c emþ c ? RBHnamfa RBHBu T § eRBaH RBHGgÁRtas;dwgsc©³TaMgLay . RBHnamfa RBHBuT§ eRBaHRBHGgÁjúMagBY k stV[Rtas;dwg . RBHnamfa RBHBuT§ eRBaHRTg;Rtas;dwgnUvFm’TaMgGs; . RBHnamfa RBHBuT§ eRBaHRTg;eXIjc,as;nUvFm’TaMgGs; . RBHnamfa RBHBuT§ eRBaHRTg;Rtas;dwgedayRBHGgÁÉg . RBHnamfa RBHBuT§ eRBaHRBHGgÁrIkehIy . RBHnamfa RBHBu T § eRBaHkarrab; f aCa RBHxI N aRsB . RBHnamfa RBHBu T § eRBaHkarrab; f ami n man]bká i e ls . RBHnamfaRBHBu RBHBu T § eRBaH RBHGgÁ R )ascakraK³ edaycM E NkmY y . RBHnamfa RBHBu T § eRBaH RBHGgÁR)ascakeTas³ edaycMENkmYy . RBHnamfa RBHBu T § eRBaH RBHGgÁR)ascakemah³edaycMENkmYy

.

RBHnamfa

RBHBuT§

eRBaH

RBHGgÁ m i n manki e ls edaycM E NkmY y . RBHnamfa RBHBuT§ eRBaH RBHGgÁyageTAkan;pøÚvCaTIeTAEtmYyGgÁÉg . RBHnamfa RBHBu T § eRBaH RBHGgÁ R tas; d w g nU v Gnu t þ r smµ a sem< a Fi E t mY y GgÁ É g . RBHnamfa RBHBu T §

eRBaHRBHGgÁ k m© a t; b g; n U v esckþI mi ndwg

eRBaHRBHGgÁ) annUv

karRtas; dwg . RBHnamfa RBHBu T § n+ u H RBHmata mi n )anfV a yRBHbi t a mi n )anfV a y

bgb¥ Ú n Rbú s mi n)anfV a y

bgb¥ Ú n

RsI i m i n)anfV a y

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

BYkmitþGamatümin)anfVay

-13-

BYkjatisaelahitmin)anfVay

BYksmN-

RBahµN_min)anfVay BYkeTvtak¾min)anfVay RBHnamfa RBHBuT§ n+ u H CaRBH nammankñ ú g TI b M p u t énviemakçrbs;RBHBuT§TaMgLay RTg;maneCaKkarbBaØtþ faRBHBu RBHBuT§ enH ¬ekIt¦ edaykareFVI[Cak;c,as;RBm edaykar)ancMeBaHnUv sBVBaØútBaØaNeTobKl;eBaFiRBwkSehtuenaH ¬elakehAfa¦cMeBaHRBHBuT§enaH}¬1¦. kñ ú g bTfa Bu T § enaH eQµ a Hfa Bu T § ³ eRBaHGtß f aRtas; d w g nU v sc© ³ TaM g Lay

dU c Gñ k Edlcu H mkkñ ú g elak

k¾ e hAfaGñ k cu H mk

.

eQµ a Hfa Bu T § ³ eRBaHGtß f a RTg; d as; B Y k stV [ PJ a k; dU c xül; E dleFVI søwkeQI[s¶Üt k¾ehAfasøwkeQIs¶Üt . bTfa

sBVBaØútay BueT§a

elakGFi b ,ayfa eQµ a Hfa Bu T § ³ eRBaHkardw g EdlGacdw g )anRKb; y: a g . bTfa

sBVTsSavitay BueT§a

elakBnül; f a eQµ a Hfa

Bu T § ³ eRBaHkardw g EdlGacjú a M g stV [ dw g Fm’ ) anRKb; y : a g . bTfa

GnBaØenyütay BueT§a ¬2¦

elakGFi b,ayfa eQµ a Hfa Bu T§ ³ eRBaH

1-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay mhanieTÞs Rtg;sarIbutþsutþnieTÞs elx 66 TMB½r237-239 2-bidkelx

66

TMB½r

238/

elakeRbIBaküfa

GPieBaØyütay

ehIykñúgKm<Ir

brmtßeCatika

c,ab;mhacULaLgáNraCviTüal½ysgÇfa GnBaØejyütay . kñúgTIenH eyIgeRbIBakükñúg brmtßeCatikac,ab;qdæsgÁayna .

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-14-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

Rtas; dw g edayRBHGgÁ É g BM u E mnGñ k déTeFV I [ Rtas; d w g eT . bTfa

viksitay BueT§a

elakGFi b ,ayfa eQµ a Hfa Bu T § ³ eRBaHRTg; l a

ecj eBalKW l aecjedayRBHKu N epSg² dU c pá a bTu m rI k . eday bTCaedI m y: a genHfa

xINasvsgçaetn BueT§a

elakGFi b ,ay

fa eQµ a Hfa Bu T § ³ eRBaHRTg; P J a k; e hI y KW k arGs; k i e lsTaM g Lay CaeRKOgeFV I [ lg; l k; dU c Cabu r sPJ a k; eRBaHGs; k arggu y eRBaHCa karlHbg; n U v Fm’

CaeRKOgeFV I c i t þ [ keRmI k

ÉkaynmKÁM Ketati BueT§a RBHPaKCam© a s;

ÉkaynmKÁ

elakehAfa

.

elakeBalfa

dU e cñ H k¾ e dI m ,I s Emþ g fa RBHmanBu T § ³

dU c bu r ssU m ,I e dI r pø Ú v

k¾ e RBaHRTg; e FI V d M e NI r tam k¾ e hAfaGñ k edI r eTA

bri y aynU v Gtß CaeRKOgeTAkan; p ø Ú v edI m ,I R tas; d w g . bTfa

Gnut þr M smµasem<aFw GPism<úeT§ati BueT§a Rtas;dwgnUvsmµasem<aFid¾RbesIrdac;eK

eRBaH

Éeka

Baküfa BuT§³ eRBaH

edayRBHGgÁ É gb: u e NÑ a H

mi n

GBuT§iv ihttþa BuT§bdilaPa BueT§a CaBaküsEmþgbriyayfa BuT§i BuT§M eBaeFa .

Emn Gñ k déTjú a M g RBHGgÁ [ Rtas; d w g eT . bTenHfa

kñ ú g BaküenaH Kb,I R CabGtß EdlGaceFV I Bu T § - s½ B Þ rbs; bTRKb;bT sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-15-

[seRmcedayn½yy:agenH EdlelakGFib,ay edI m ,I [ dw g fa Bu T § ³ eRBaHRTg; R bkbedayRBHKu N KW B u T § i Cakardw g dU c EdlehAfa sM B t; exov sM B t; R khm k¾ e RBaHRbkbedayBN’ e xov BN’ R khm . bnÞ a b; BI e naH Gtß EdlGaceFV I [ seRmcnU v Bu T § - s½ B Þ rbs; b TTaM g Lay Kb,I R Cabedayn½ y EdlmanrU b y: a genHfa

entM namM

{bTCaedI m fa

elakeBalTu k k¾ e dI m ,I [ dw g fabBaØ t þ e nH

BueT§ati

CadM e NI r eTA

tamGtß KW e sckþ I } . karsEmþ g GM B I B u T § ³ sU m ,I e dayBüBa¢ n ³ mandU c )aneBalmkenH .

srNKmnKmkviPavna karsM E dgGM BIsrNKmn_ ni g Gñ kdl; srNKmn_ \LÚ v enH nw g eBalbgð a j[c,as; kñ ú g kardl; srNKmn_ Ca edI mdUcteTAenH RBHrtnRt½y EdleQµaHfa srN³ eRBaHebotebon KW e botebon km© a t; b g; naM e cj KWeFVI[rlt;nUvP½y karxøac esckþITukç TuKÁti

esckþIesAhµg

edaykardl;srN³enaHnu +HÉg

dl;srNKmn_ T aM g Lay

.

n½ y mü: a geTot

RBHBu T §

énGñ kEdl eQµ a Hfa

srN³ eRBaHkm© a t; P ½ y rbs; s tV T aM g Lay edaykar[cU l dl; vtßú sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-16-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

EdlCaRbeyaCn_ nignaMecjvtßúEdlminmanRbeyaCn_ . RBHFm’ eQµ a H fa

srN³

eRBaH[stV q ø g pu t pø Ú v knþ a r

KW P B

ni g [rI k rayci t þ

.

RBHsgÇ eQµ a Hfa srN³ eRBaHeFVInUvskáar³ sUm,Iskáar³enaHtic k¾ rEmg)anpleRcIn

.

eRBaHdU e cñ a H

RBHrtnéRtenaH

eTI b eQµ a Hfa

srN³ edaybri y aydU c eBalmkdU e cñ H . ci t þ ú b ,aT EdlRbRBw t þ eTAedaykarRCHfø a kñ ú g RBHrtnéRtenaH ni g kareKarB kñ ú g RBHrtnéRt enaH km© a t; b g; n U v ki e lsGs; )anRbRBw t þ eTAedayGakar³ KWkarman RBHrtnéRtenaHCaeRtIy b¤minmanGñkdéTCabc©½y ¬GUsTaj¦ eQµ a Hfa srNKmn³ . stVGñkRBmeRBógedaycitþúb,aTenaH rEmgdl;RBHrtnéRt enaH CasrN³ GFib,ayfa rEmgcUldl;RBHrtnéRt edayci t þ ú b ,aT manRbkar dU c eBalehI y y: a genHfa {enHCasrN³ rbs; ´ enHCa eRKÓgBM n w g rbs; ´ } . k¾ b u K Á l kalcU l dl; rEmgcU ldl; eday vi F I s maTan CaedI m fa RBHBu T §

dU c CanayBaNi C ¢ B I r nak; {bBi R tRBHGgÁ d ¾ c eRmI n

ni g RBHFm’ C asrN³

eQµ a Htbu s S³

ni g plø i k ³

´RBHGgÁ T aM g BI r enH

sU m dl;

sU m RBHmanRBHPaKRTg; R BHemtþ a caM

nU v ´RBHGgÁ T aM g BI r faCa])ask}dU e cñ H kþ I

mü: a geTot

karcU l dl;

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

edayPaBCasi s S

-17-

dU c CaRBHmhaksSb³CaedI m fa {bBi R tRBHGgÁ

d¾ c eRmI n RBHGgÁ C aRKÚ r bs; ´ ´Casav½ k rbs; R BHGgÁ } ¬1¦ dU e cñ H kþ I mY y eTot

karcU l dl;

edaykarbeg¥ a neTArkRBHrtnéRtenaH

RBhµ a yu R Bahµ N _ C aedI m

esckþIénRBH)alIfa

dU c Ca

{kalebI]tþrmaNB

eBaly:agenHehIy RBhµayuRBahµN_ k¾eRkakcakGasn³ eFVInUvsMBt; ]tþrasgÁ³ eqogsµamçag RbNmüGBa¢lI cMeBaHRtg;TI EdlRBHmaneCaKKg; bnøWnUv]TanvacaGs;var³bIdgfa sUmfVaybgÁMRBHmanRBHPaK CaRBHGrhnþ smµ a sm< ú T § G gÁ e naH>>>sU m fV a ybgÁ M R BHsm< ú T § CaRBHGrhnþ smµa sm<úT§ GgÁ e naH} ¬2¦ déTeTot kardl; e daykarGb; r M x ø Ü n dU c CaeyaKI b u K Á l Gñ k xV l ; x V a ykñ ú g kmµ d æ a n müa: g eTot kardl; ¬ RBHrtnéRt¦ manbkar³ mi n EtmY y edayvi s ½ y ni g ki c © mankarkm© a t; b g; ] bká i e ls edaykar dl; s rNKmn_ dU c CaRBHGri y bu K Á l TaM g Lay . karsEmþgGMBIkardl;srNKmn_

nigbuKÁlGñkdl;srNKmn_

dU c eBalmkenH . 1-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay niTanvKÁ ctutßPaK ksSbsMyutþ bidkelx 32 TMB½r 169 . 2-sutþnþbidk mCÄimnikay mCÄimbNÑask qdæPaK elx 25 TMB½r 19 .

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-18-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

ePTaePTplTIbna karbM P øW kardac; karmi ndac; ni gplrbs;srNKmn_ \LÚ v enH Tuk fa {

nw g sEmþ g kardac; s rNKmn_ C aedI m

Edl´eBal

ePTaePTM plBa©abi KmnIyBa© TIbey ´nwgbMPøWkardac;

karmi n dac; pl ni g kardl; s rN³} dU c teTAenH‹ kardac; s rNKmn_ r bs; b u K Á l Gñ k dl; s rNKmn_

manBI r

y: a g KW m aneTas ni g mi n maneTas . kardac; s rNKmn_ eRBaHkar søab; eQµaHfa minmaneTas kardac;srNKmn_ eRBaHEbreTArab; G an lT§ i déT ni g RbRBw t þ xu skñ ú g RBHsasþaenaH eQµaHfa maneTas . kardac; TaMgBIry:agenaH rEmgmandl; b u f u C ¢ n

.

srNKmn_ e sAhµ g rbs;

bufuC¢n eRBaHRbRBwtþeTAedaykarmindwg karsgS½y karyl;xus nigeRBaH mi nRbRBwtþe GI eBIC aedI mkñú gRBHBu T§ KuNTaM gLay . cMENkRBHGri y buKÁl rEmgCaGñkmindac;srNKmn_pg minmansrNKmn_esAhµgpg . smdU c CaRBHBu T § t Rmas; R tas; T u k fa

{mñ a lPi k ç ú TaMgLay

buKÁl

EdlbribUN’ edayTidæi¬1¦]TÞisxøÜncMeBaHRKÚdéT edayehtu É Na ehtu 1-Tidæism,enñati mKÁTidæiya sm,enña esatabenña Griysaveka Baküfa buKÁlEdlbUribUN’edayTidæi sMedAdl;GriybuKÁlfñak;esatabnñ Edl bribUN’mKÁTidæi ¬menarfbUrNI Gdækfa GgÁútþrnikay¦ .

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-19-

enaH mi n EmnCaehtu mi n EmnCabc© ½ y eLI y } ¬1¦ . cM E Nkbu f u C ¢ n mi n dl;nUvkardac;srNKmn_drabNa drabenaH eQµaHfa mansrNKmn_ mi n EbkFø a y . kardac; s rNKmn_r bs; b u f u C ¢ n Cakardac; m aneTas CakaresAhµ g ¬kñ ú g srNKmn_¦ ni g manplmi n KY r R)afñ a . kardac; srNKmn_ EdlminmaneTas k¾minmanpl eRBaHBMumanvi)ak cMENkkar mi n dac; s rNKmn_ rEmg[plCaTI R )afñ a Etmü: a gedaypl . sm dU c CaRBHmanRBHPaKRtas; T u k fa³

ey ekci BuT§M srNM Ktaes n et KmisSnþi G)yPUm w bhay manus M eThM eTvtayM brib UersSnþi . BYkCnNamYy

)andl;nUvRBHBuT§

CaTIBwgrBJkehIy

BY k Cn

enaHÉg nw g mi n eTAkan; G )ayPU m i e LI y lu H lHbg; r agkayCarbs; mnu s SeTAehI y nw g eTAbM e BjBBY k éneTvtami n xan} ¬2¦ . k¾ k ú ñ g esckþ I e naH Kb,I R CabGFi b ,ayénKafay:agenHfa CnNa dl; s rNKmn_ edaykarkat; ] bká i e ls eRBaHsrNKmn_ CnenaH 1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Ék-Tukni)at elx 40 TMB½r 61

2-sutþnþbidk TIXnikay ctutßPaK mhavKÁ elx 17 TMB½r 171 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-20-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

nwgmineTAG)ayeLIy

.

cMENkCneRkAenaH

nw g mi n eTAkan; G )ay

edaykardl; s rN³eLI y . karbMPøWBIkardac; eBalmkenHÉg .

nigmindac;

RBmTaMgplrbs;srNKmn_

dUc

KmnIyTIbna

karbM P øW GM BI kardl;srN³ karsEmþgsrNKmn_EdlKYrdl; GñkCMTas;eBalfa kñúgBaküenH fa {

BuT§M srNM Kcäami

´RBHkru N asU m dl; R BHBu T § C asrN³}

Gñ k Nadl; R BHBu T § C asrN³ Gñ k enaHnw g Kb,I d l; R BHBu T § b¤ s rN³ sU m ,I B aküTaM g BI r

kareBalBaküEtmY y k¾ K µ a nRbeyaCn_

.

eRBaH

ehtu G V I ? eRBaHmanEtkiriya KWkardl;minmankmµBIr . tamBit Gñk GkSrsa®sþ¬1¦ mi n manbM N gnU v kmµ T aM g 2 dU c kñ ú g RbeyaKTaM g Lay

GCM KamM enti} CaedIm dUecñaH .

man CaGaTifa {

ebI Gñk CM Tas; eBalfa kareBalsU m,IBaküTaMgBIrmanRbeyaCn_ Etmü: a g dU c kñ ú g Baküfa {

1-Bakü)alIfa

Kcäetv buBVM Tis M Kcäti bcäimM Tis M}

Gkç r cin þ k a ERbfa GñkKitnUvGkSrsa®sþ

KWGñkGkSrsa®sþ .

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

Gñ k GkSrsa®sþ

-21-

mi n manbM N gy: a genaH

eRBaHelakmi nbM N gfa

RBHBu T§ ni g srN³ CatY e htu e sµ I ² Kñ a eT . esckþ I B i t kalbM N gfa RBHBu T § ni g srN³BYkenaHCatYehtuesµI²Kña buKÁlsUm,ImankarGn;citþ cUlKal; RBHBuT§ k¾nwgKb,Idl; RBHBu T§ CasrN³ . srN³enaHÉNa eFV I [ epSgeTAfa RBHBu T § Gñ k enaHk¾ e Qµ a Hfadl; s rN³enaHEdr . ebI G ñ k CM T as; e Balfa elakbM N gykesckþ I EdlRBHBu T § C atY e htu esI µ ² Kñ a eRBaH)alI f a {

ÉtM exa srNM exmM ÉtM srNmut þmM

nu + H Ég CaTI B w g d¾ e kSm nu + H ÉgCaTI B w g d¾ ] tþ m } ¬1¦ mi n manbM N gdU e cñ a H eRBaHkñ ú g bTKafaenaH manEtRBHBu T § C asrN³enaH . esckþ I B i t kñ ú g bTKafaenaHnu+HÉg

elakbMNgdl;esckþIEdlRBHBuT§

nigsrN³

CatY

ehtu e sµ I ² Kñ a y: a genHfa srN³TaM g ekSm TaMg]tþm eRBaHBicarNa bBa¢ak;dl;RBHrtnéRt srN³

manRBHBuT§ C am© a s; C aedI m enaH

Edlrab; ) anfa

km©at;P½y

cMENkkñúgRBH)alIR beTsdéT

kñ ú g esckþ I C a

dl;Gñkdl;srNKmn_)anBit

kalmanesckþI sm<½ n§ edayGñ kdl;

srNKmn_ elakk¾ m i n bM N gesckþ I EdlRBHBu T § ni g srN³ Ca tY e htu e sµ I ² Kñ a eT

eRBaHmi n seRmcCa

srNKmn_ d U e cñ a H

BaküenH

1-sutþnþbidk xuT§knikay xuTÞk)az FmµbTKafa elx 52 TMB½r 62 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-22-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

eTI b CaeRKÓgsM G agmi n )an . ebI G ñ k CM T as; e Balfa KY r nw g bM N g ykesckþ I E dlRBHBu T § ni g srN³Ca tY e htu e sµ I ² Kñ a eRBaHseRmcCa srNKmn_ sUm,IkalmanesckþIsm<½n§ edayGñ k dl; s rNKmn_ ) an kñ ú g RBH)alI f a

{

ÉtM srNmaKmµ sBVTuk ça bmuc©t ii

bu K Á l

GaRs½yTIB wgenH rEmgrYc RsLHcakTukç TaMgBYg)an}¬1¦ bu KÁ lGaRs½y srN³enaH

rEmgrY c pu t cakTu k ç T aM g BY g dU e cñ H

mi n EmndU e cñ a HeLI y

eRBaHmi n yl; R BmedayeTas EdleBalmkmu n ehI y . tamBi t sUm,IkñúgesckþIenaH k¾nwgKb,Iminyl;RBmedayeTas EdleBalmk munfa

kalmanesckþIEdlRBHBuT§

nigsrN³CatYehtuesµI²Kña

buKÁl

sU m ,I m anci t þ e botebon nw g srN³ KW R BHBu T § RBHFm’ ni g RBHsgÇ k¾ nw g Kb,I r Y c pu t cakTu k ç ) an

Etnw g fami n yl; R BmedayeTask¾ e T

dU e cñ a H BaküenaH eTI b Gagmi n )an . Kb,I R CabGFi b ,ay kñ ú g esckþ I enaH y: a genHfa stV T aM g Lay kalnw g rY c pu t edayGanu P aBrbs; RBHmanRBHPaK CaklüaNmi t þ elakk¾ e Balfa {GaRs½yklüaN mitþ eTIbrYcput¬Tukç¦)an} kñúgRBH)alIenHfa {mñ a lGannÞ stV T aM g Lay manCati C aFmµ t a rEmgrY c cakCati ) an k¾ e RBaHGaRs½ y nw g tfaKtCa 1-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az FmµbTKafa elx 52 TMB½r 62 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-23-

mi t þ l ¥ } ¬1¦ y: a gNa sU m ,I k ñ ú g TI e nH bu K Á l kalrY c pu t edayGanu P aB énsrN³ KW R BHBu T § RBHFm’ ni g RBHsgÇ eTI b elakeBalfa {buKÁl GaRs½ysrN³enH rEmgrYcputcakTukçTaMgBYg}k¾dUecñaHEdr . kardl;RBHBuT§k¾minRtÚv kardl;srN³k¾minRtÚv sUm,ITaM g BI r bT k¾ mi nRtÚ v

edayRbkarTaM g BY g y: a genH

KmnI y vtß ú énGñkdl;srN-

Kmn_ EdlelakGFib,ayfa {´dl;vtßúEdlKb,I R)afñ a} KYreBalkar dl; b nþ e naHk¾ K Y r kñ ú g esckþ I e nH . esckþ I E dlRtÚ v kñ ú g erOgenH ´nw g eBalesckþ I K Y r dU c teTAenH {kñ ú g esckþ I K Y r enH RBHBu T§ b: u e NÑ a HCa KmnI y ³ EtedI m ,I s Emþ g Gakar³ KW k ardl; BaküeBaldl; s rN³enaHfa ´dl; R BHBu T § C asrN³ . ´sU m dl; KW K b; r k KW e sB b¤ f acU l eTACi t RBHBu T § G gÁ e naH eday bM N gy: a genHfa {RBHBu T § G gÁ e naHCasrN³rbs; ´ RBHBu T § G gÁ e naH CaTI B w g rbs; ´ CaGñ k km© a t; T u k ç CaGñ k RTRTg; R beyaCn_ } b¤ f a ´RCab c,as; y : a genH . EmnBi t Kti C aRbeyaCn_ r bs; F atu B Y k Na sU m ,I kardw g k¾ C aRbeyaCn_ r bs; F atu B Y k enaH

.

ebI G ñ k CM T as; e Balfa

1-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay sKafvKÁ bzmPaK elx 29 TMB½r 239 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-24-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

{esckþ I e naHmi n Rtw m RtÚ v eRBaHmi n Rbkb\ti - s½ B Þ } BaküCM T as; e naH k¾ m i n RtÚ v . esckþ I R tw m RtÚ v kñ ú g erOgenaH Kb,I m andU e cñ H . Rbsi n ebI esckþI kñ úgerOgenaH Kb,Imany:a genH bnÞ ab;BIenaH karRbkb \ti - s½ B Þ Kb,I m andU c kñ ú g RbeyaKTaM g LayCaedI m fa {

yfaPUt M bCanati

Gnic©M rUb M Gnic ©M rUbnþi

¬Pi k ç ú e naH¦ dwgc,as;tamBitnUvrUbmineTog fa

rUbmineTog}¬1¦ Et \ti-s½BÞ elakmi n RbkbTu k eT eRBaHdU e cñ a H eTI b esckþ I C M T as; e naH mi n Rtw m RtÚ v . Etesckþ I e naHmi n Rtw m RtÚ v eRBaH ehtu G V I ? eRBaHGtß r bs; \ ti - s½ B Þ manenAkñ ú g esckþ I e naHehI y . Gtß rbs; \ ti - s½ B Þ

sU m,I k ñ ú g TI e nH k¾ manRBm

CaedI m y: a genHfa {

dU c kñ ú g RbeyaKTaM g Lay

eya c BuT§Ba© FmµBa© sgÇBa© srNM Keta

bu K Á l NaykRBHBu T § RBHFm’ RBHsgÇ CaTIBwg}¬2¦ dUecñH EtBMuEmnRtÚv Rbkb\ \ti-s½BÞ TukRKb;TIkEnøgeT eRBaHmanesckþ I e nARBmkñ ú g tY e hI y bNÐ i t Kb,I R CabGtß r bs; \ ti - s½ B Þ

sU m ,I B M u ) anRbkbTu k

dU c Edl

RbkbTu k kñúgTIenaH nigkñúgTIdéT EdlmankMeNIty:agenH eRBaHdUecñaH 1-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay xn§varvKÁ bBa©mPaK elx 33 TMB½r 130 . 2-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az FmµbTKafa elx 52 TMB½r 62 .

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-25-

\ ti - s½ B Þ eTI b mi n maneTas¬mi n xu s ¦ . ebI G ñ k CM T as; e Balfa Bakü Na

EdlelakeBalTu k fa

k¾ K b,I s Emþ g Gakar³

KW d l; e TI b RtÚ v

eBalbBa© Ú l srN³dU e cñ H BaküenaHk¾ m i n RtÚ v eRBaHsrN³b: u e NÑ a H CaKmnI y ³ Cavtß ú E dlKY r dl; kñ ú g )alI C aedI m fa{

\emhi tIh i srNKmenhi bBVC¢M

GnuCanami Pikçevev

mñ a lPi k ç ú T aM g Lay tfaKt

Gnu B aØ a t bBVC ¢a edayéRtsrNKmn_ TaMg LayenH}¬1¦ dU ecñH BaküEdl ´eBalmkenaH k¾ m i n Rtw m RtÚ v ni g CaBakümi n smKY r . eRBaHehtu G V I ? eRBaHBaküenaH manesckþ I R Bmkñ ú g xø Ü n . tamBit Gtßrbs;\ti-s½BÞ enaH k¾manRBmkñúgBaküenaHÉg sU m ,I m i n Rbkbeday\ti - s½ B Þ R)akd esµ I d U c Bakümu n

k¾ K b,I R CabdU c Rbkb\ti - s½ B Þ T u k

k¾ K b,I y l; RBmedayeTas

.

eRkAGM B I e nH

EdleBalmkmu nenaHÉg

eRBaHdUecñaH

Kb,I k an; yktamEdlelakbgð a t; Tu k b: u e NÑ a H .

GyM KmnIyTIbna

karbM P ø W G M B I k ardl; s rN³ manEtb: u e NÑ a H .

1-vin½ybidk mhavKÁ bzmPaK elx 6 TMB½r 71 .

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-26-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

FmµsgÇsrNviPavna

karsEmþ geLI g GM BI R BHFm’ nig RBHsgÇsrN³ \LÚ v enH

nw g GFi b ,ayteTA

sU m ,I k ñ ú g srN³TaM g BI r fa { n½ y y: a genHdU c Kñ a

kñ ú g BaküEdl´eBal

FmµM srNM}

Tu k fa

CaedI m k¾ d w g ehI y fa man

n½ y énkarBN’ n aesckþ I e nHÉNa

´eBalTu k

Bu T §M srNM Kcäami} k¾Kb,IRCabn½yénkarBN’na bTenH fa Fmµ M srNM Kcä a mi sgÇM srNM Kcä a mi .

kñ ú g BaküenHfa { esckþ I T aM g 2 EmnBi t

sU m ,I k ñ ú g esckþ I e naH

k¾ m anRtw m Etkarcg¥ ú l bgð a jb: u e NÑ a H

faedayGtß ni g BüBa¢ n ³énRBHFm’ ni g RBHsgÇ Edlmi n dU c Kñ a bTd¾ ess

R)akdesµ I e dayBaküEdl)aneBalmkehI y

.

eRBaHnw g

eBalGFi b ,ay cM e BaHTI m i n dU c Kñ a kñ ú g RBHFm’ ni g RBHsgÇenHdU e cñ H GacarümY y BY k eBalfa mKÁ pl ni g ni B V a n eQµ a Hfa RBHFm’ RBHFm . xnþ i esckþIeBjcitþ

b¤mtirbs;BYkeyIgfamKÁ

RBHFm’ k ñ ú g Gtß e nH

nigviraK³b:ueNÑaH

eRBaHRTRTg; G ñ k ceRmI n mKÁ p l

eQµaHfa

nigGñkeFVI[c,as;

RBHniBVanehIy edaymin[Føak;eTAkñúgG)ayTaM g Lay ni g eFI V [ rI k ray ci t þ y : a géRkElg

esckþ I e lI k GKÁ b ,saTsU R tenaHÉg

CaeRKÓg

sm¥ a g . smdUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaK Rtas;TukkñúgGKÁb,saTsURt enaH sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-27-

yavta Pik çev sgçta Fmµa Grieya Gdæg Áieka meKÁa etsM GKÁmkçayti mñalPikçúTaMgLay Fm’TaMg CaedI m

y: a genHfa

{

b: u n µ a nEdlCasgç t Fm’ mKÁ R bkbedayGgÁ 8 d¾ R besI r enH R)akdCa RbesI r CagFm’ T aM g enaH} ¬1¦ . buKÁlTaMgLay GñkRBmeRBógedayGriymKÁ 4 y:ag ni g Gñ k man xn§ s nþ a nGb; r M e daysamBaØ p l 4 ni g smaFi eQµ a Hfa RBHsgÇ eRBaHrY m tY e daykarrY m Ti d æ i

ni g sI l .

Rtas;TukdUcenHfa {mñalGannÞ

smdUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaK

Gñkyl;esckþIenaHdUcemþc Fm’TaMgLay

EdltfaKtRtas;dwgehIy sEmþgehIydl;GñkTaMgLay dUcCastib,dæan 4 smµ b ,Fan 4 \T§ i ) aT 4 \®nÞ i y 5 Bl³ 5 eBaCÄgÁ 7 mKÁ d ¾ RbesI r RbkbedayGgÁ 8 mñ a lGannÞ Gñ k eXI j Pi k ç ú 2 rU b Edlman vaT³epSgKñ a kñ ú g Fm’ T aM g LayenHEdrb¤ } ¬2¦ . EmnBi t

srN³

.

RBHsgÇedaybrmtß e nH

Edlbu K Á l Kb,I d l; f aCa

kñ ú g RBHsU R tEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas; T u k fa

sgÇsav½ k rbs; R BHd¾ m anRBHPaK

{enHCa

KY r TTY l rbs; E dleKnaM m kbU C a

1-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay \tivutþk³ TutiyPaK elx 53 TMB½r 117 .

2-sutþnþbidk mCÄimnikay ]bribNÑask stþmPaK elx 26 TMB½r 97 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-28-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

KY r TTY l nU v GaKnþ ú k Tan KY r TTYlnUvTkçiNaTan KYrdl;GBa¢likmµ Edl stVelakKb,IeFVI

CaERsbuNüd¾RbesIrénstVelakR)akdCaRbesIr

CagsgÇ b¤ K N³TaM g enaH} ¬1¦ . srNKmn_ r bs; G ñ k dl; s rN³enaH

rEmgmi n dac; mi n esAhµ g edaykareFV I k arsM B HCaedI m kñ ú g RBHPi k ç ú sgÇ b¤ P i k ç ú n I s gÇ sU m ,I B Y k déT b¤ R BHsgÇ manRBHBu T § C aRbFan b¤ s mµ t i s gÇ epSgedaysgÇctu v KÁ C aedI m b¤ sU m,I c M e BaHbu K Á lmY y BY k

EdlbY s]TÞ i scM e BaHRBHPKv½ nþ

PaBepSgKñ a

kñ ú g sgÇsrN³

Edlmanb: u e NÑ H . cM E Nkkardac; ni g mi n dac; C aedI m énsrNKmn_ TaM g BI r enH

KW xu sBI e sckþ I E dleBalehI y

Kb,I R Cabtamn½ y Edl

eBalmkkñ ú g kalmu n enaHcu H . karBN’ n a esckþ I e nHfa sU m ,I k ñ ú g srN³BI r fa b: u e NÑ H Ég .

FmµM srNM CaedIm k¾dwgehIyfa n½yenH dUcKñaman Gnub uBVvvtßankarNnieTÞesa

GFi b ,ayehtu kñ ú g karkMNt; t amlM dab; kñ ú g BaküenHfa

nw g GFi b ,ayehtu k ñ ú g karkM N t; t amlM d ab;

\LÚ v enH nw g GFi b ,ayehtu k ñ ú g karkM N t; t amlM d ab; y : a genHfa kñ ú g Baküdl; s rN³TaM g

3

enaH

elakRbkasRBHBu T § C alM d ab; d M b U g

1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay ctukáni)at ttiyPaK elx 42 TMB½r 85 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

eRBaHCaGñ k RbesI r CagstV T aM g BY g eRBaHCaEdnekItrbs;RBHBuT§enaH

RTg; naM e cjbgð a t; b eRgónehI y

-29-

RbkasRBHFm’ C alM d ab; t mk

nigeRBaHCaFm’EdlRBHBuT§Cam©as;e naH

RbkasRBHsgÇCalM d ab; c u g eRkay

eRBaHCaGñ k RTRTg; T u k nU v RBHFm’ e naH nigeRBaHRsLaj; R BHFm’ e naH . n½ y mü: a geTot elakRbkasRBHBu T § C alM d ab; d M b U g eRBaHRTg; R bkb stV T aM g BY g Tu k kñ ú g hi t RbeyaCn_ RbkasRBHFm’ E dlCalM d ab; t mk eRBaHCaEdnekIténRBHBuT§Cam©as;enaH dl; s tV T aM g BY g

nigeRBaHCaFm’naMmknUvRbeyaCn_

RbkasRBHsgÇEdlCalM d ab; c u g eRkay

RBHsgÇCaGñ k bdi b tþ i

edI m ,I b nø ú H hi t RbeyaCn_

eRBaH

ni g manhi t -

RbeyaCn_ Edlbnø ú H ehI y kM N t; e dayesckþ I f asrN³ .

]bmabkasna karRbkasedayesckþ I]bma \LÚvenH

nwgeBalGFib,ayBaküEdlnwgRbkasRBHsrNéRt

enaH edayesckþ I ] bmaTaM g Lay k¾ k ñ ú g BaküenaH RBHBu T § eRbóbdU c RBHcnÞ e BjbU N ’ m I RBHFm’ eRbóbdU c Bnø W r sµ I r bs; R BHcnÞ RBHsgÇ eRbóbdUcelakEdlRCabcUleBjedayrsµIrbs;RBHcnÞeBjbUN’mI Edl eFV I [ ekI t eLI g . RBHBu T§ eRbóbdU c dY g RBHGaTi t üEcgcaM g Bnå ø R sTn; ² sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-30-

RBHFm’

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

eRbóbdU c rsµ I r bs; RBHGaTitüenaH

RBHsgÇ

EdldYgRBHGaTitüenaHkm© a t; b g; n U v ggw t ehI y

.

eRbóbdUcelak

RBHBu T §

eRbóbdU c

mnusSdutéRB RBHFm’ CaeRKÓgdut éRBKWk iels eRbóbdUcePø Ig dutéRB RBHsgÇ Cabu B aØ e xtþ eRBaHdu t ki e ls)anehI y eRbóbdU c PU m i P aK EdlCavalERs eRBaHdu t éRBGs; e hI y . RBHBu T § eRbóbdU c emX ePø ó gFM

RBHFm’

eRbóbdU c Tw k ePø ó g

RBHsgÇ

manlM G gKW k i e ls

rm¶ a b; e hI y eRbóbdU c CnbTmanlM G geTAR)asehI y eRBaHkarbg¥ ú l cu H énePø ó g . RBHBu T § eRbóbdU c sarfI d ¾ l ¥ RBHFm’ e RbóbdU c ])ay hV w k hat; e sHGaCaenyü

RBHsgÇeRbóbdU c hV Ú g esHGaCaenyü

EdlhVwkhat;l¥ehIy . RBHBuT§ eRbóbdUcslüeBTü ¬eBTüvHkat;¦ eRBaH RTg;dksr

KWTidæi)anGs;

RBHFm’

eRbóbdUc])ayEdldksrecj)an

RBHsgÇ Gñ k dksr KW T i d æ i e cjehI y eRbóbdU c CnEdlRtÚ v dksr ecjehI y . n½ y mü: a geTot RBHBu T § e RbóbdU c ckç ú e BTü eRBaHRTg; b k sM b kEPñ k KW e mah³ecj)anehI y RBHFm’ eRbóbdU c ])ayeRKÓg bksM b kEPñ k RBHsgÇGñ k mansM b kEPñ k KW e mah³bkehI y CaGñ k manEkvEPñ k

KW j aNd¾ R ss; f ø a eRbóbdU c Cn

EdlbkEPñ k ehI y

manEkvEPñ k Rss; f ø a . n½ y mü: a geTot RBHBu T § eRbóbdU c eBTüd¾ q ø a t sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-31-

eRBaHRBHGgÁ G ackm© a t; B üaFi KW k i e ls RBmTaM g Gnu s S½ y )anehI y RBHFm’

eRbóbdU c fñ a M

EdlRTg; e robcM R tw m RtÚ v ehI y

RBHsgÇ

Gñ k

manBüaFi KW k i e ls ni g Gnu s S½ y rm¶ a b; e hI y eRbóbdU c BY k CnEdl BüaFi r m¶ a b; e hI y eRBaHRbkbfñ a M . n½ y mü: a geTot RBHBu T § C am© a s; eRbóbdU c mKÁ ú e TÞ s k_ RBHFm’ eRbóbdU c pø Ú v l¥ b¤ k Enø g EdlrY c pu t BI P ½ y RBHsgÇ eRbóbdU c Gñ k edI r pø Ú v dl; k Enø g EdlrY c pu t BI P ½ y

.

RBHBu T §

eRbóbdU c Canavi k d¾ e qñ I m

RBHFm’ e RbóbdU c nava RBHsgÇ eRbóbdU c CnGñ k edI r pø Ú v dl; R caM g . RBHBu T § eRbóbdU c éRBhimBanþ RBHFm’ eRbóbdUc»sf EdlekItBIéRB himBanþenaH RBHsgÇ eRbóbdU c CnGñ k mi n maneraK eRBaHeRbI » sf . RBHBu T § eRbóbdU c Gñ k RbTanRTBü RBHFm’ eRbóbdU c RTBü RBHsgÇ Gñ k )anGri y RTBümkedayRbéB

eRbóbdU c CnGñ k )anRTBü

Edl

xø Ü n bM N g . RBHBu T § eRbóbdU c Gñ k bgð a jreNþ A RTBü RBHFm’ eRbób dU c reNþ A RTBü RBHsgÇ eRbóbdU c CnGñ k )anreNþ A RTBü . n½ y mü:ageTot RBHBuT§ CavIrburs eRbóbdUcGñkRbTankarminmanP½y RBHFm’

eRbóbdU c karmi n manP½ y

RBHsgÇ

Gñ k knø g P½ y RKb; y : a g

eRbóbdU c CnGñ k dl; n U v esckþ I m i n manP½ y . RBHBu T § eRbóbdU c Gñ k sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-32-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

lY g elam RBHFm’ eRbóbdUckarlYgelam RBHsgÇ eRbóbdUcCnGñkRtÚv lYgelam . RBHBu T § eRbóbdU c klüaNmi t þ RBHFm’ eRbóbdU c Bakü beRgónEdlCahi t RbeyaCn_

RBHsgÇ

eRbóbdU cCnGñkRbTH

RbeyaCn_ eRBaHRbkbhi tRbeyaCn_ . RBHBu T § eRbóbdU c GNþ Ú g ekI t RTBü RBHFm’ eRbóbdUcRTBüEdlCasar³ RBHsgÇ eRbóbdUcCnGñkeRbI RTBüEdlCasar³ . RBHBu T § eRbóbdU c Gñ k Rsg; T w k [RBHraCku m ar RBHFm’ eRbóbdU c Tw k EdlRsg; r hU t RBHsi r sa RBHsgÇ Gñ k Rsg; l¥ ehI y edayTw k KW R BHsT§ m µ eRbóbdU c BY k RBHraCku m ar EdlRsg; Twkl¥ehIy . RBHBuT§ eRbóbdUcCageFVIeRKÓgGlgáar RBHFm’ eRbóbdUc eRKÓgGlgáar

RBHsgÇ

Gñ k Rbdab; e dayRBHsT§ m µ

RBHraC»rsEdlRTg; R bdab; e hI y RBHFm’

.

eRbóbdU c BY k

RBHBu T §

eRbóbdU c edI m cnÞ n _

eRbóbdU c kø i n EdlekI t BI e dI m cnÞ n _ e naH

RBHsgÇGñ k rm¶ a b;

esckþIekþARkhay)anGs;ehIyedayRBHsT§mµ

eRbóbdUcCnGñkrm¶ab;

PaBekþA eRBaHeRbIlm¥itxøwmcnÞn_enaH . RBHBuT§ eRbóbdUcbitabeg¥anmt’k KWFm’ RBHFm’ eRbóbdU c mt’ k RBHsgÇ Gñ k TTY l mt’ k KW R BHsT§ m µ eRbóbdU c BY k bu R tGñ k TTY l mt’ k . RBHBu T § eRbóbdU c pá a bTu m EdlrI k RBHFm’ eRbóbdU cTwk dmekIt GMB Ipá abTu mEdlrIkenaH RBHsgÇ eRbóbdUc hV Ú g PmrCati EdleRkbpw k lm¥ g pá a enaH . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-33-

Kb,I R bkasRBHRt½ y srN³enaH edayesckþ I ] bmaTaM g Lay dU c eBalmkdU e cñ H cu H . mati k axagedI m rbs; k faBN’ n aesckþ I

EdlelI k eLI g kñ ú g

xagedI m eday 4 Kafafa RBHsrNéRt nrNaeBal eBalTI N a eBalkalNa eBaleRBaHGV I C aedI m k¾ C akarRbkasehI y eday Gtß edaykfa manRbmaNRtw m b: u e NÑ H Ég .

brmtßeCatikay xuTÞk)zdækfay srNtþyvNÑna nid æita .

kfaBN’ naRBHéRtsrN³ kñ ú g Gdæ kfaxu TÞ k)az³ eQµ aHbrmtß e Cati ka cb; E tb: ue NÑ H .

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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2-sik çabTvNÑna BN’ naGM BIs i kç abT

sikçabT)zmatika mati ka)az³kñ ú gsi kç abT RKasEmþ g karcU l eTAkan; R BHsasnaedaykardl; s rNKmn_ y : a genHehI y edI m ,I n w g BN’ n a)az³ Edlfa edaysi k ç a bT EdltaM g Cani e kç b bTTu k

edI m ,I s Emþ g si k ç a bTTaM g Lay

Edl

])ask b¤ bBV C i t Gñ k cU l mkkan; s asnanw g Kb,I s i k SaCalM d ab; dM b U g \LÚ v enH´nw g eBalmati k aedI m dU c teTAenH‹ si k ç a bTTaM g enH Gñ k NaeBal eBalenAkEnø g Na eBal enAeBlNa eBaleRBaHehtu N a ehI y kM N t; e BaleFV I n ½ y enaH edayesckþ I E bø k énsi k ç a bTTU eTA . ehI ykM N t; eTas Cabkti v C¢ ³ ni g bNÑ t i þ v C¢ ³ eFV I k arcg¥ ú l bgð a jn½ y TU e TARKb; s i k ç a bT eday BüBa¢n³ nigedayGtßrbs;bTTaMgLay . Etkñúg 5 sikçabTxagedIm Kb,I R Cabvi n i c ä ½ y

edayRbkasesckþ I E bø k Kñ a rbs; s i k ç a bTTU e TA

edaykarekI t Etmü: a g ni g esckþ I e pSgKñ a CaedIm . taMgBI)aNati)at CaedImeTA edayGarmµN_karsmaTan ni g kardac; edayesckþIman eTaseRcIn edayRbeyaK GgÁ nigsmu d æ a n edayevTna mUl nigkmµ edaykarevorcak nigedaypl . yu t i KWesckþIRtwmRtÚvGMBIkarBN’na 5 sikçabTxagedIm Kb,I n aM m keRbI k ñ ú g 5 si k ç a bTeRkay Kb,I e Bal

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-36-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

si k ç a bTCaesckþ I ² Kb,I R Cabfa si k ç a bT manesckþ I y : a gl¥ i t Ca edI m Tu k pg .

kñúgmatikadMbUgenaH sikçabT 10 man

)Nati)ta evrmNI

CaedImenaH RBHd¾manRBHPaKRBHGgÁRtas;Tuk BMuEmnsav½ksEmþ g eT . EmnBi t RBHd¾ m anRBHPaK RBHGgÁ e sþ c yagBI RkúgkbilPsßú dl; RkúgsavtßI RTg;[rahulbBVC¢aehIy kñúgeCtvnaramrbs;GnafbiNÐik³ eTobRkúgsavtßI RBHGgÁRtas;sEmþgsikçabT 10 enaH edIm,IkMNt;sikçabT dl;sameNrTaMgLay . smdUcBaküEdlRBHFmµsgÁahkacarüTaMgLay eBalBaküenHTu k fa {lM d ab; B I e naHmk RBHmaneCaK RTg; Kg; k ñ ú g Rkú g kbi l vtß ú

tamsmKY r dl; B u T § G FüaRs½ y ehI y

yagsMedAeTAkan;carikÉTIRkúgsavtßI

RTg;

RTg;Rtac;eTAkan;carikeday

lM d ab; ² ehI y RTg; ) aneTAdl; R kú g savtß I e naH . tamdM N alkñ ú g ni T anenaHfa RBHd¾ m anbu N ü RTg; K g; k ñ ú g eCtvnaram rbs;GnafbiNÐikEk,rRkúgsavtßI . kñúgsm½yenaHÉg .l. lM d ab; B I enaHmk sameNrTaM g Lay

)anRti Hri H esckþ I enHnw g Kñ a fa

eyI g TaM g Laymanb: u nµ a nhñ +

mü: a geTot

si k ç a bTrbs;

eyI g TaM g LayKY r si k Sa

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-37-

kñ ú g vi n½ ydU c emþ c xø H . Pi k ç ú T aM g Lay RkabTU l esckþ I e naHcM e BaH RBHd¾ m anRBHPaK

.

RBHGgÁ R Tg; G nu B aØ a tfa

mñ a lPi k ç ú T aM g Lay

tfaKtGnu B aØ a tnU v si k ç a bT 10 dl; s ameNrTaMgLay mü:ageTot GnuBaØat[sameNrTaMgLay sikSakñúgsikçabTTaMgLay 10 enaH KW ectnaCaehtu e vorcakki r i y a eFV I s tV m anCI v i t [Fø a k; c u H Knøg1.l. ectnaCaehtuevorcakkiriyaTTYlkan;yknUvmasnigR)ak; 1}¬1¦ . si k ç a bTTaM g 10 enHenaH Kb,I R Cabfa elakelI k eLI g edI m ,I b gð a t; b eRgón edayRBHsU R tfa {

beTsu

smaTay sikçt i sikça-

smaTansi k Sakñ ú g si k ç a bTTaM g Lay} ¬2¦

EdlelaksEmþ g Tu k kñ ú g srNKmn_ y : a genHfa {

evrmNI sikçabTM smaTiyami ectnaevorcak)aNati ) at}CaedI m

ni g eday)az³

)Nati)ta

´sU m smaTansi k ç a bT Kb,I R Cabn½ y fa

KW

{si k ç a bT

BY k enH Gñ k NaeBal eBalenAkEnø g Na eBalenAeBlNa eBaleRBaHehtu G V I nw g eBaln½ y enaH} b: u e NÑ H mu n . 1 -vin½ybidk mhavKÁ bzmPaK elx 6 TMB½r 275-277 . 2-sutþnþbidk TIXnikay bzmPaK sIlkçn§vKÁ elx 14 TMB½r 156 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-38-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

saFarNviessvvtßanM

karkM Nt; esckþ I Ebø kKñ arbs; si kç abTTUe TA k¾ b Nþ a si k ç a bTTaM g enaH si k ç a bTTI 4-5 BI r si k ç a bTxag edI m TU e TAdl; ] )ask

ni g sameNr

Cani c © s I l

.

Etfa

]e)asfsI l rbs; ] )ask evorsi k ç a bTeRkayTaM g Gs; eRBaHrY m si k ç a bTTI 7 ni g TI 8 cU l Kñ a CaGgÁ E tmY y si k ç a bTTaM g Gs; k ¾ T U e TA CamY y sameNrTaM g Lay

cM E Nksi k ç a bTeRkay

CaBi e ss

sRmab; E tsameNrb: u e NÑ a H . Kb,I R CabkarkM N t; e dayesckþ I Ebø k Kñ a rbs; s i k ç a bTTU e TA dU c eBalmkdU e cñ H Kb,I k M N t; b kti vC¢³ nigbNÑtiþvC¢³y:agenH KWbNþasikçabTTaMgLayenaH sikçabT 5 xag edI m

kM N t; e dayectnaevorcakbkti v C¢ ³ rbs; ) aNati ) atCaedI m

eRBaHmanGku slci tþCasmu dæa nEtmü:ag sik ça bTeRkABI enaH kMNt; edayectnaevorcakbNÑ t i þ v C¢ ³ .

saFarNviPavna

karcg¥ ú lbgð ajbTTU e TA

evrmNI sikçabTM smaTiyami}

k¾bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa {

CabTTU e TATaM g Gs; d U e cñ a H Kb,I R Cabkarcg¥ ú l bgð a jbTTaM g enaH sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-39-

TU e TA TaM g BüBa¢ n ³ TaM g Gtß d U c teTAenH kñ úg bTTaM g enaHKb,IRCab edayBüBa¢n³mu ³ n eQµaHfa evrmNI eRBaHevor GFi b ,ayfa lHeBor KW e FV I [ Gs; [dl; k armi n man . n½ y mü: a geTot bu K Á l rEmgevorcakeBor edayectnaxø Ü n eFV I e naH ehtu e naH

ectnaenaH

eTI b eQµ a Hfa

evrmNI

eRBaHpø a s;

vi -

GkSrCa ev-GkSr . eRBaHehtu e naHnu + H Ég kñ ú g BaküenH Bu T § b ri s ½ T ev eTI b sU R tCamY y Kñ a Ca 2 y: a gfa

evrmNI sikçabTM b¤ virmNI

sikçabTM . eQµaHfa sik ça eRBaHbuKÁlKb,IsikSa . eQµaHfa bT eRBaHCaeRKÓgdl; bTénsi k ç a GFi b ,ayfa

.

bTénsi k ç a

])ayCaeRKÓgdl; s i k ç a

eQµ a Hfa .

si k ç a bT

n½ y mü: a geTot

elakGFi b ,ayfa CamU l CaTI G aRs½ y CaTI t aM g . si k ç a bT KW ectnaCaeRKÓgevorcak eQµ a Hfa

evrmNI sikçabTM bTM

virmNI

sikçabTM bTM tamn½yTIBIr . ´sUmsmaTanedayl¥ eQµaHfa smaTiyami elakGFib,ayfa ´sU m smaTan edaybM N gnw g mi n knø g elµ I s eRBaHCaGñ k eFV I s i k ç a bT mi n [dac; mi n [BBal .

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-40-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

EtedayGtß edayGtß bTfa

evrmNI

)andl; vi r ti t KW e ctnaevor

EdlRbkbedayci t þ C akamavcrku s l

. vi r ti e naH

rbs; b u K Á l

Gñ k evorcak)aNati ) at elakeBalTu k kñ ú g vi P gÁ edayn½ y CaedI m y: a genHfa {kñ ú g sm½ y enaH karevor karecosvag karevorRsLH karbeNþ j nU v eBorcakBI ) aNati ) at

KW k armi n eFV I

karmi n sag

karmi n elµ I s karmi n RbRBw t þ k nø g evla karsmø a b; ehtu N a>>>} ¬1¦ . eQµ a Hfa evrmNI enaH sU m ,I C aelaku t þ r ³k¾ m anBi t EmnehI y k¾ b: u E nþ f a kñ ú g TI e nH karKY r nw g eBalfa evrmNI EdlRbRBw t þ e day karsmaTan eRBaHehtu e naH Gñ k smaTaneBalfa

smaTiyami

eRBaHdU e cñ a H evrmNI Caelaku t þ r ³enaHeTI b mi n man ´eBalfa vi r ti ectna lHbg; evorRbkbedayci t þ C akamavcrku s l . bTfa

sikça

)andl; si k ç a 3 KW GFi s I l si k ç a GFi c i t þ -

si k ç a GFi b BaØ a si k ç a . Etkñ ú g TI e nH sI l KW s m,tþ v i r ti elaki y vi b sSna rU b Qan ni g GrU b Qan ni g Gri y mKÁ KW e lakbM N gfa si k ç a kñ ú g bTfasi k ç a enH . smdU c BaküEdlRBHd¾ m anbu N ü)an Rtas;Tukfa {Fm’TaMgLaydUcemþc eQµaHfa sikça . kñúgsm½yNa citþ 1-GPiFmµbidk viPgÁ ttiyPaK sikçabTviPgÁ elx 82 TMB½r 1. sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-41-

Cakamavcrkusl RcLMedayesamnsSsm,yutþ edayjaN .l. kñúgsm½yenaH karb:HBal;k¾ekItman .l. karminraymay k¾ekItman Fm’TaMgLayenH eQµaHfa sikça . Fm’TaMgLaydUcemþc eQµaHfa sikça . kñúgsm½yNa

buKÁlceRmInmKÁ

edIm,IekItkñúgrUbPB

s¶at;cakkam

TaMgLay s¶at;cakGkuslFm’TaMgLay cUldl;bzmCÄan .l. cUldl;bBa©mCÄan .l. karminraymay k¾ e kI t man Fm’TaMgLay enH eQµaHfa sikça . Fm’TaMgLaydUcemþc eQµ a Hfa sikça . kñúg sm½yNa buKÁlceRmInmKÁ edI m ,I c U l dl; G rU b Qan .l. edIm,IcUl dl;envsBaØanasBaØaytnCÄan .l. karmi n raymay k¾ekItman Fm’TaMgLayenH eQµaHfa sikça . Fm’TaMgLaydUcemþc eQµaHfa sikça . sm½yNa bu K Á l ceRmI n elaku t þ r CÄan CaniyüanikFm’ .l. karmin raymay k¾ekItman Fm’TaMgLayenH eQµ a Hfa si k ç a } ¬1¦ . bT KW ] )ayCaeRKÓgdl; mü: a geTotCamU l CaTI G aRs½ y Ca TI t aM g énsi k ç a bTy: a gNamY y bNþ a si k ç a TaM g enaH ehtu e naH eTI b eQµ a Hfa si k ç a bT . smBi t dU c EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas; Tu k fa

1-GPiFmµbidk viPgÁ ttiyPaK sikçabTviPgÁ elx 82 TMB½r 15-16 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-42-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

{Pi k ç ú G aRs½ y sI l taM g enAs‘ b ; k ú ñ g sI l kalceRmI n nU v eBaCÄgÁ TaM g 7 kaleFV I [ Rkas; E Rkl¬nU v eBaCÄgÁ T aM g 7 ¦} ¬1¦ y: a g enHCa edI m . Kb,I e FV I k arcg¥ ú l edayBüBa¢ n ³ edayGtß T U e TAdl; b TTaM g Lay TU e TAkñ ú g bTTaM g enH edayRbkardU e cñ H .

bur imbBa©s ikçabTvNÑna BN’ nasi kç abT 5 xagedI m BaküNa ´eBalTu k fa Etkñ ú g 5 si k ç a bTxagedI m nw g RtÚ v cg¥ ú l bgð a jedayRbkasesckþ I E dlEbø k Kñ a

.l.

Kb,I R Cab

vi n i c ä ½ y .l. kñ ú g BaküenaH \LÚ v enH´nw g eBalbgð a jdU e cñ H mu n déTkñ ú g bTfa

)Nati)eta

enH bTfa

)eNa

¬ 2¦

)andl;

esckþIbnþénxn§ EdlCab;edayCIviti®nÞiy . n½ymü:ageTot )andl; stV EdlbNÐitGaRs½yesckþIbnþénxn§enaHbBaØtþTuk . k¾ vFkvFkectna ectnaKitnwgsmøab;rbs;buKÁl GñkmanesckþIsmÁal;kñúgstV 1-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay mhavKÁ nvmPaK elx 37 TMB½r 169 . 2-

)eNati evahareta setþa brmtße ta CIv it i® nÞ i y M bTfa )eNa )andl; stV

edayevahar CaCIviti®nÞiy edaybrmtß ¬kgçavitrNI Gdækfa)atiemakç PaK 1 TMB½r 82¦ . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-43-

manCIvitenaH faCastVmanCIvit CasmudæanénesckþIBüayam Edlnwg kat;CIviti®nÞiy rbs;stVmanCIvitenaH RbRBwtþieTAtamkayTVar nigvcITVar TVarNanImYy eQµaHfa )aNati)at . kñúgbTfa

GTin ñaTanM enH bTfa

GTin ñM )andl;RTBüsm,tþi Edlmanm©as;hYgEhg . m©as;RTBü kal eFVItamEdlRtÚvkark¾minRtÚveTas ectnaKitnwglYc

minRtÚvtiHedol

.

efyüectna

rbs;buKÁlGñkmanesckþIsmÁal;kñúgRTBüEdlman

m©as;hYgEhg faCaRTBüEdlmanm©as;hYgEhg CasmudæanénesckþI Büayam

karlYcRTBüenaH

RbRBw t þ e TAtamkayTV a r

TV a rNamY y enaHÉg eQµ a Hfa GTi n ñ a Tan . bTfa )andl;

karRbRBw t þ m i n RbesI r

bM N gesBGsT§ m µ

.

GRBhµcriyM

ectnaCaehtu e lµ I s

RbRBw t þ e TAtamkayTV a r

esBemfu n KW k arrY m sgV a s eQµ a Hfa

ni g vcI T V a r

KW k ar

edaykarbM N g

GRBhµcriyM . kñúgBaküfa

musavaeTa enH bTfa musa )andl; vcIbeyaK b¤kaybeyaK Edlkat;bg;RbeyaCn_rbs;buKÁl

GñkmanbMNgnwg[XøatBIk arBi t

Camicäaectna ectnaEdlnwgniyayxus eFVIxusrbs;buKÁlenaH eday bMNgnwg[GñkdéTyl;xusCasmudæanénkayRbeyaK

EdlnwgeFVI

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-44-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

GñkdéT[yl;xus

RbRBwtþeTAtamkayTVar

eQµaHfa musavaT . k¾kñúgbTfa bTfa su r a )andl;

nigvcITVar

TVarNamYy

suraemrymC¢b,maTdæanM

enH

sura 5 y:agKW

b id æs ura = suraeFVIedayemSA 2- bU v su r a = su r aeFV I e daynM 3- »Tnsu r a = su r aeFV I e day)ay 4- ki N Ñ b kç i t þ a = su r aEdleKdak; B U C su r a 5-smÖ a rsM y ut þ a =su r aEdleKpSM e dayeRKÓgpSM e pSg² man

1-

RKab; e Rmc ni g RKab; é s< C aedI m .

emr½yk¾man 5 y:agKW 1- bu ) ö s eva = Tw k RtaM e FV I B I p á a eQI 2- plaseva = Tw k RtaM e FV I B I E pø e QI 3- mFV a seva = Tw k RtaM e FV I B I E pø c nÞ n _ b¤ Tw k Xµ ú M 4- Ku L aseva = Tw k RtaM e FV I B I T w k GM e BA 5- smÖ a rsM y u e tþ a = Tw k RtaM E dleKRbkbeRKÓgpSM e pSg²

sU m ,I

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-45-

manEpø s m: ni g Epø k nÞ Ü t éRBCaedI m . bTfa

mC¢M )andl;

vtß ú T aM g

BI r y: a genaHnu + H Ég eQµ a Hfa mC¢ ³ eRBaHGtß f a CaTI t aM g énesckþ I Rsvw g

.

sU m ,I v tß ú N anI m Y y

CaTI t aM g énesckþ I R svw g

bu K Á l

Rsvw g RbmaTedayvtß ú N aEdlpw k ehI y vtß ú e naH k¾ e hAfa mC¢ ³ . bTfa enaH

bmaTdæanM )andl; ectnaKWelbknøgnUvmC¢³enaH ectna elakehAfa bmaTdæ a nM eRBaHCaehtuénesckþIRsvwg eFVI[

RbmaT ectnaelbmC¢³ KWsura nigemr½y RbRBwtþeTAtampøÚvkayTVar edaybM N gnw g elb Kb,I R Cabfa su r aemr½ y CaTI t aM g énesckþ I RbmaT edayRbkarNa . Kb,I R Cabvi n i c ä ½ y kñ ú g si k ç a bTTaM g BY g mu n rab; t aM g GM B I ) aNati ) atCaedI m eTAedayRbkarenaH .

ÉktanantaTiv in ic ä yM karvi ni cä ½ ysi kç abTdU cKñ a ni g epSgKñ aCaedI m kñ ú g bTfa

ÉktanantaTi e ta

edaysi k ç a bTCamY y Kñ a

Et

epSgKñ a CaedI m Gñ k CM T as; e Balfa)aNati )aNati ) at b¤ s i k ç a bT man GTi n ñ a TanCaedI m CamY y Kñ a

eRBaHGñ k nw g Kb,I R tÚ v smø a b;

Gñ k

smø a b; RbeyaK ni g ectnaCaedI m CamY yKñ a EdlepSgKñ a eRBaHman sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-46-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

Gñ k nw g RtÚ v smø a b; C aedI m epSgKñ a

b¤ f ami n eRbI T aM g BI r y: a g

eRBaHehtu G I V

Gñ k CM T as; e TI b eBalBaküenH

.

ebI f asi k ç a bTnw g Ca

mY y Kñ a eRBaHGñ k Edlnw g Kb,I R tÚ v smø a b; C aedI m Camnu s SCamY y Kñ a kaldU e cñ a H kalNaGñ k smø a b; K ñ a eRcI n smø a b; m nu s SEdl nw g Kb,I s mø a b; m ñ a k; b¤ G ñ k smø a b; m ñ a k; Edlnw g Kb,I s mø a b; m nu s S eRcI n nak; smø a b;

Gñ k Edlnw g Kb,I R tÚ v mnu s SeRcI n smø a b; edayRbeyaKEtmY y

k¾ n w g RtÚ v

mansahtß i k RbeyaKCaedI m

ectnaEtmYy k¾nwgjúaMgRbeyaKrbs;GñkcUleTApþac;CIviti®nÞiyrbs; Gñ k

Edlnw g Kb,I R tÚ v mnu s SeRcI n smø a b; [ taM g eLI g

)aNati ) at

k¾ n w g Kb,I m anEtmü: a g

kalenaH

. EtebI s i k ç a bTnw g epSgKñ a

eRBaHGñ k Edlnw g Kb,I R tÚ v smø a b; C aedI m epSgKñ a . kalebI d U e cñ a H kalNa

Gñ k smø a b; m ñ a k;

mñ a k; ²

k¾ r Emgsmø a b; m nu s SEdlKb,I s mø a b; e RcI n Kñ a

smø a b; e RcI n Kñ a eTvTtþ

kaleFV I R beyaKEtmY y

edI m ,I m nu s S

eFV I n U v RbeyaKeRcI n edI m ,I m nu s SeRcI n nak;

yBaØ T tþ

ni g esamTtþ C aedI m

b¤ G ñ k man

k¾ r Emgsmø a b; ) ancM e BaH

eTvTtþ yBaØ T tþ b¤ e samTtþ Etmñ a k; b : u e NÑ a H b¤ k ¾ G ñ k Edlnw g Kb,I sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

smø a b; m ñ a k;

RtÚ v Gñ k smø a b;

-47-

edayRbeyaKeRcI n

mansatß i k -

RbeyaKCaedI m b¤ k ¾ e ctnaeRcI n k¾ n w g jú a M g RbeyaKrbs; G ñ k cU l eTAkat; p þ a c; C I v i t i ® nÞ i y rbs; G ñ k mñ a k; b : u e NÑ a H eRcI n y: a g

[taM g eLI g .

Edlnw g Kb,I R tÚ v smø a b; m nu s S

kalenaH

)aNati ) atk¾ n w g Kb,I m an

sU m ,I B aküTaM g BI r enaH k¾ m i n RtÚ v

.

si k ç a bTnw g

eQµ a HfadU c Kñ a eRBaHGñ k Edlnw g Kb,I R tÚ v smø a b; C aedI m TaM g enaH manGñk Etmñak; k¾minEmn sikça bTeQµa HfaepSgKña eRBaHGñk nwg Kb,I RtÚ v smø a b; C aedI m TaM g enaH epSgKñ a k¾ m i n Emn esckþ I B i t si k ç a bT dU c Kñ a ni g epSgKñ a k¾ e dayehtu y : a gdéT BaküenaHKb,I eBaldl; )aNati)at sUm,IsikçabTeRkAenaH k¾Kb,IeBaldl;y:agenaH . ´sU m cg¥ ú l bgð a jteTAenH eQµ a HfadU c Kñ a eQµ a HfaepSgKñ a

mu n dM b U g

)aNati ) atenaH

eRBaHGñ k Edlnw g Kb,I R tÚ v smø a b; C aedI m

Edl

eRBaHGñ k Edlnw g Kb,I s mø a b; C aedI m epSg²

mi n Emn EdlBi t )aNati ) at eQµ a HfadU c Kñ a eRBaHGñ k Edlnw g Kb,I R tÚ v smø a b; ni g Gñ k smø a b; C aedI m dU c Kñ a edaycat; C aKU ² Kñ a . TaM g eQµ a Hfa

dU c Kñ a

eRBaHGñ k nw g Kb,I R tÚ v smø a b;

ni g Gñ k

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-48-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

smø a b; C aedI m sU m ,I T aM g BI r enaHdU c Kñ a edaycat; C aKU ² b¤ e Qµ a Hfa epSgKñ a

eRBaHGñ k Edlnw g Kb,I s mø a b;

cM e BaHmñ a k; e Tot

déTGM B I G ñ k TaM g BI r enaH

ni g Gñ k smø a b; C aedI m enaH .

Bi t y: a genaH

kal

mnu s SGñ k smø a b; e RcI n Kñ a sU m ,I s mø a b; m nu s SGñ k EdlRtÚ v smø a b; eRcI nKña edayRbeyaKeRcI nRbeyaK mansrekç bRbeyaK¬CIkRsH¦ CaedIm b¤edayRbeyaK² man»)atxNnRbeyaK ¬karCIkGNþÚg¦ CaedI m k¾ C a)aNati ) at . kalGñ k smø a b; m ñ a k; sU m ,I s mø a b; Gñ k EdlRtÚ v smø a b; e RcI n nak; edayRbeyaKmY y b¤ e RcI n edayectna mY y Edljú a M g RbeyaKenaH [taM g eLI g b¤ e dayectnaeRcIn k¾Ca )aNati)at mü:agvijeTot kalGñksmøab;mnusSeRcIn sUm,Ismøab; GñkEdlRtÚvsmøab;mñak; edayeRcInRbeyaKtamEdleBalmkehIy b¤ edayRbeyaKEtmYy k¾Ca)aNati)ateRcI n . sU m ,I k ñ ú g si k ç a bT man GTi n ñ a TanCaedI m k¾ n ½ y enH . kñ ú g erOgenH Kb,I R Cabvi n i c ä ½ y eday si k ç a bT nw g epSgKñ a CaedI m edayRbkardU c eBalmkdU e cñ H . eBaledayGarmµ N _

kñ ú g esckþ I e nH

)aNati ) at

man

CI v i t i ® nÞ i y CaGarmµ N _ . GTi n ñ a Tan GRBhµ c ri i y ³ ni g su r aemrysRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-49-

mC¢ b ,maTdæ a n mansgç a r KW r U b Fm’ manrU ) aytn³CaedI m NamY y CaGarmµ N _ . mu s avaT manstV C aGarmµ N _ eRBaHR)arB§ c M e BaH mnusSEdlniyaykuhk . GacarümYyBYk eBalfa sUm,IG RBhµ c ri y k¾ m anstV C aGarmµ N _ . mY y eTot GTi n ñ a Tan manstV C aGarmµ N _ kñúgevlaEdlstVCaGñkKb,InwglYc . RbkarmYyeTot GTinñaTan man stV C aGarmµ N _ edayGM N acsgç a r Bu M E mnedayGM N acbBaØ t þ eT . kñ ú g esckþ I e nH

Kb,I R Cabvi n i c ä ½ y edayGarmµ N _

dU c eBalmk

dU e cñ H Ég . kareBaledaysmaTan k¾sikçabTTaMgenH man )aNati ) ataevrmNI s i k ç a bTCaedI m sameNrsmaTankñ ú g smñ a k; P i k ç ú B Y k enaH eTI b CakarsmaTan

cM E Nk])ask

smaTankñ ú g smñ a k; r bs; G ñ k déTkþ I

karsmaTanxø Ü n Égkþ I k¾ C akarsmaTanehI y

smaTanrY m Kñ a kþ I smaTanEbkKñ a kþ I k¾ C akarsmaTan . etI e pSg Kñ a y: a gNa bu K Á l smaTanrY m Kñ a k¾ m anvi r ti m Y y manectnamY y b: u e NÑ a H EtR)akdfa vi r ti ni g ectnaBY k enaH mandl; e TA 5 eday GM N acki c © KW t Y n aTI . cM E Nkbu K Á l EdlsmaTanepSgKñ a k¾ K b,I sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-50-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

RCabfamanvi r ti 5 ectnak¾ 5 . kñ ú g esckþ I e nH Kb,I R Cabvi n i c ä ½ y edaykarsmaTanedayRbkardU e cñ H Ég . kareBaledaykardac; kareBaledaykardac

kñ ú g esckþ I e nH

sRmab; s ameNr

TaMgLay kalsikçabTmYydac; RKb;sikçabTk¾dac; . eRBaHsi k ç a bT BYkenaH

CazanTItaMgén)araCikrbs;sameNrBYkenaH

EdlsameNrknø g elµ I s enaHÉg

edaysikçabT

k¾ m ankmµ C ab; t ammk

.

Et

sRmab; R Khsß kalebI s I l mY y dac; k¾ d ac; E tmY y b: u e NÑ a H eRBaH sI l rbs; R Khsß e naH

manGgÁ

5

rEmgnw g ekI t eTotedaykar

smaTansI l enaHb: u e NÑ a H . EtGacarümY y BY k sI l EdlRKhsß s maTanepSg²Kñ a

eBalfabNþ a

kalebI s I l mY y dac; k ¾ d ac;

EtmY y b: u e NÑ a H EtbNþ a sI l EdlRKhsß s maTanrY m Kñ a y: a genH fa ´sU m smaTansI l EdlRbkbedayGgÁ 5 dU e cñ H kalsI l mY y dac; sI l sU m ,I d ¾ e ss k¾ d ac; R Kb; T aM g Gs; . eRBaHehtu G V I ? eRBaHsI lEdlsmaTanmindac;

edaykarknø gnUv si kça bTNamYy

rEmgCakmµ C ab; K ñ a edaykarsmaTanenaH .

Kb,I R Cabvi n i c ä ½ y

sU m ,I k ardac; edayRbkardU e cñ H . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

kar ka r eBaledayeTaseRcI n

-51-

bNþ a stV m anCI v i t

Edlevor

cakKuN manstVtircäanCaedIm )aNati)at eQµaHfa maneTastic k¾ e RBaHstV m anxø Ü n tU c eQµ a Hfa maneTaseRcI n k¾ e RBaHstV m an xø Ü n FM . eRBaHehtu G V I ? eRBaHRbeyaKFM ¬esckþ I B üayameRcI n ¦ . sUm,IkalmanRbeyaKesµIKña eQµaHfamaneTaseRcIn eRBaHvtßúFM . cM E NkbNþ a stV m anCI v i t

EdlmanKu N

manmnu s SCaedI m

)aNati ) at eQµ a Hfa maneTasti c k¾ e RBaHmnu s SmanKuNtic . eQµaHfamaneTaseRcIn k¾eRBaHmnusSmanKuNeRcIn . Etkalman xø Ü n ni g Ku N esµ I K ñ a k¾ K b,I R Cabfa maneTasti c eRBaHki e ls ni g esckþ I B üayamexSay nw g maneTaseRcI n eRBaHki e ls ni g esckþ I B üayamxø a M g kø a

.

sU m ,I k ñ ú g si k ç a bTd¾ e ss

k¾ m ann½ y

dU e cñ H Edr . mü: a geTot kñ ú g esckþ I e nH su r aemrymC¢ b maTdæ a n bu : e NÑ a H

eQµ a Hfa

maneTaseRcI n

cM E NkÉsi k ç a bTTaM g Lay

man)aNati ) atCaedI m Bu M d U e cñ a HeT . eRBaHGV I ? eRBaHeFV I e sckþ I Gnþ r aydl; G ri y Fm’ Caehtu e FV I Gñ k ekI t mkCamnu s S[kø a yCa

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-52-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

mnu s Sqá Ü t . kñ ú g esckþ I e nH Kb,I R Cabvi n i c ä ½ y sU m ,I e dayesckþ I maneTaseRcI n edayRbkardU e cñ a H . kar ka r eBaledayRbeyaK k¾ n ½ y enH . )aNati ) at man 6 RbeyaK

KW

sahtß i k RbeyaK

RbeyaK

favrRbeyaK

bNþ a RbeyaKTaM g enaH edaykayeQµ a Hfa

GaNtþ i k RbeyaK

vi C ¢ a myRbeyaK

\T§ i m yRbeyaK

karRbharedaykay

sahtß i k RbeyaK

ni s SKÁ i y .

b¤ r bs; E dlCab;

sahtß i k RbeyaKenaH

EckCa 2 KWsahtßikRbeyaKcMeBaH nigsahtßikRbeyaKmincMeBaH . bNþ a sahtß i k RbeyaKTaM g BI r enaH sahtß i k RbeyaKcM e BaH buKÁl rEmgCab;edaykmµ

eRBaHesckþIsøab;rbs;buKÁlEdlcMeBaHenaH

sahtßi kRbeyaKmincM eBaH dU e cñ H

y:a genHfa

bu K Á l rEmgCab; e daykmµ

.

{GñkNamY ycU rsøab;c uH}

eRBaHesckþ I s ø a b; r bs; s tV N a

mY y mankarRbharCabc© ½ y . mü: a geTot sU m ,I e daysahtß i k RbeyaKTaM g BI r

Rtw m EtkarCakarRbhark¾ s ø a b;

b¤ s ø a b; e day

eraKenaH kñ ú g kalCaeRkaybu K Á l k¾ r EmgCab; e daykmµ kñ ú g xN³ EdleKRbharb: u e NÑ a H . Etkalbu K Á l RbharedaybM N gnw g [ sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-53-

eKsø a b; EteKmi n sø a b; e daykarRbharenaH RtLb; K i t Rbharmþ g eTot sU m ,I x ageRkaymkeKsø a b; edaykarRbharRKadMbUg buKÁl k¾rEmgCab;edaykmµ kñúgevlaenaHb:ueNÑaH . ebI f a eKsø a b; e daykar RbharelI k TI B I r k¾ m i n Ca)aNati ) at . sU m ,I k aleKsø a b; e day sahtß i k RbeyaKTaM g BI r bu K Á l k¾ C ab; e daykmµ edaykarRbhar elI k dM b U g b: u e NÑ a H

kaleKmi n sø a b;

sUm,IedaysahtßikRbeyaK

TaMgBIr k¾minCa)aNati)ateLIy . kñ ú g ehtu E dlmnu s SeRcI n nak; Rbharmnu s Smñ a k;

k¾ n ½ y enH

.

sU m ,I k ñ ú g esckþ I e naH

karCab;

edaykmµ rEmgmandl; G ñ k EdlRbhareK[sø a b; b : u e NÑ a H . kartaM g ci t þ b gÁ a b; [ eKeFV I sU m ,I k ñ ú g GaNtþ i k RbeyaKenaH edayn½ y

eQµ a Hfa

GaNtþ i k RbeyaK

.

k¾ K b,I R Cabesckþ I C ab; e daykmµ

EdleBalTu k kñ ú g sahtß i k RbeyaKn+ u H Ég

.

k¾ k ñ ú g

GaNtþ i k RbeyaKenaH Kb,I R CabmankM N t; T u k 6 y: a g³

vtß ú kaela c »kaesa GavuF M \riyabefa kiriyaviesesati \em q GaNtþin iyamkati

GaNtþ i k RbeyaKkM N t; T u k 6 y: a gKW vtß ú 1 kal 1 sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-54-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

»kas 1 Gavu F 1 \ri y abf 1 ki r i y avi e ss 1 ¬1¦ . bNþ a zan³manvtß ú C aedI m enaH zan³fa vtß ú )andl; stV EdlRtÚ v smø a b; . zan³fa kal )andl; kal manevlaRBw k evlal¶ a cCaedI m ni g manv½ y kemø a H Rkmu M mankmø a M g ni g mankar BüayamCaedI m . zan³fa »kas )andl; TI manCaedI m y: a genH KW R sú k ni K m éRB pø Ú v b¤ p ø Ú v EbkCabI

. zan³fa Gavu F )andl;

Gavu F CaedI m y: a genHKW dav Fñ Ú b¤ l M E Bg . zan³fa \ ri y abf )andl; \ri y abf manCaedI m y: a genH KW k arGgÁ ú y rbs; G ñ k Edl RtÚ v smø a b; . zan³fa ki r i y avi e ss )andl; ki r i y a EdleFV I m anCaedI m ) y: a genH KW k arcak; karkat; karTmø a y Bnø a t; E s,kk,al eFV I [ rlI g dU c s½ g ç

.

k¾ e bI f a

Gñ k RtÚ v eKbgÁ a b; [ eTAsmø a b;

Gñ k Na

eFVIvtßú[Xøatcak¬smøab;xus¦ eTAsmøab;GñkdéTeRkAGMBIGñkenaHvij Gñ k bgÁ a b; k ¾ m i n RtÚ v Cab; e daykmµ smø a b; m i n xu s

.

ebI e Kmi n eFV I v tß ú [ Xø a tcak

sU m ,I T aM g BI r Gñ k k¾ R tÚ v Cab; e daykmµ

KW G ñ k bgÁ a b;

1-GdækfaRBHvin½yeQµaH smnþb,aTika ERbCaPasaExµrPaK 5 TMB½r120 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-55-

kñ ú g xN³bgÁ a b; Gñ k RtÚ v bgÁ a b; k ñ ú g xN³smø a b; .

sU m ,I k ñ ú g kar

kM N t; d éT² mankalCaedI m k¾ n ½ y enH . karecaleRKÓgRbhar edaykay b¤ r bs; E dlCab; e day kay edI m ,I e FV I e K[sø a b; eQµ a Hfa ni s SKÁ i y RbeyaK . sU m ,I ni s SKÁ i y RbeyaKenaH k¾ E ckCa 2 dU c Kñ a KW n i s SKÁ i y RbeyaK cM e BaH ni g mi n cM e BaH kñ ú g esckþ I e nH karCab; e daykmµ k¾ K b,I R Cab tamn½ y EdleBalmkehI y kñ ú g esckþ I x agedI m ²n+ u H Ég . kar CI k reNþ A kardak; k þ a r karRbkbnu y fñ a M B i s ni g eRKÓgynþ C aedI m edI m ,I e FV I [ eKsø a b; eQµ a Hfa favrRbeyaK . sU m ,I f avrRbeyaK enaHk¾ E ckCa

2

KW f avrRbeyaKcM e BaH

esckþIenHkarCab;edaykmµ kñ ú g esckþ I x agedI m ² rkdM L Ú g

.

ni g mi n cM e BaH

.

k¾ k ñ ú g

Kb,IRCabtamn½yEdleBalmkehIy b: u E nþ e sckþ I E bø k mandU e cñ H

eFV I r eNþ A CaedI m Ci t ²

kalmnu s S

b¤ e FV I r eNþ A TeTkþ I r bs; G ñ k déT²

ebI f aeKsø a b; eRBaHreNþ A CaedI m enaH Cabc© ½ y esckþ I C ab; e day kmµ k¾ m andl; G ñ k rkdM L Ú g . mü: a geTot kalGñ k enaH b¤ G ñ k déT lu b reNþ A enaHecjehI y eFV I é pÞ [ rab b¤ G ñ k e)asFU l I kayFU l I sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-56-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

eTA b¤ G ñ k CI k dM L Ú g eFV I [ Gnø ú g Tu k b¤ k alePø ó gFø a k; e kI t Pk; mnu s S cu H eTACab; s ø a b; k ñ ú g Pk; e naH karCab; e daykmµ k ¾ m an dl; G ñ k rk dM L Ú g n+ u H Ég . Rbsi n ebI f a Gñ k Edl)andM L Ú g b¤ G ñ k déTeFV I G nø g ; enaH[TU l ay

b¤ e RCACagedI m

Gñ k cu H eTAsø a b;

eRBaHRkLú k

TU l ay b¤ e RCAenaH esckþ I C ab; e daykmµ k¾ m andl; G ñ k sU m ,I T aM g BI r

.

cM E NkÉmU l ehtu T aM g LayrEmgeFobKñ a )an

nigkarCIk

dMLÚg y:agNa kalGñklubGnøúg[rabkñúgTIenaH k¾rEmgrY c cakeTas EdlekI t GM B I k arCI k Gnø ú g enaH

.

sU m ,I k ñ ú g favrRbeyaK

man

kardak; k þ a rCaedI m k¾ y : a genaHdU c Kñ a karCab; e daykmµ t amehtu EdlekI t k¾ K b,I R Cabdrabdl; f avrRbeyaKTaM g enaHRbRBw t þ e TA . karrayviC¢aRbeyaCn_edIm,I[stVsøab; eQµaHfa viC¢amyRbeyaK myRbeyaK . kareFV I b J T § i e pSg² EdlekI t GM B I v i ) akkmµ edI m ,I e FV I [ eKsø a b; dU c CaeRbI G avu F b¤ c gá Ú m CaedI m EdlxaM e daycgá Ú m CaedI m eQµ a Hfa \ T§ i m yRbeyaK . cM E NkGTi n ñ a Tan k¾ m anRbeyaK KW s ahtß i k RbeyaK

ni g GaNtþ i k RbeyaKCaedI m

EdlRbRBw t þ e TAeday

GM N ac efyüavhar bsyð a vhar bdi c ä n ñ a vhar bri k b,avhar sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-57-

ni g ku s avhar ¬ 1¦¦ RbePT énRbeyaKsU m ,I T aM g enaH k¾ K b,I R Cab edayTMngEdleBalmkehIyn+uHÉg

sikçabTTaMgbImanGRBhµcriy³

CaedI m k¾ C asahtß i k RbeyaKEtmü: a g kñ ú g esckþ I e nH Kb,I R Cab vi n i c ä ½ y sU m ,I e dayRbeyaKedayRbkardU c eBalmkdU e cñ H . kareBaledayGgÁ kareBaledayGg kñ ú g esckþ I e nH )aNati ) at manGgÁ 5 KW

)eNa = stVmanCIvit 2> )NsBaØ I = smÁ a l; f astV m anCI v i t 3> vFkci t þ M = ci t þ K i t nw g smø a b; 4> vaymt i = Büayamnw g smø a b; 5> etn mrti = stV s ø a b; e dayesckþ I B üayamenaH . 1>

sU m ,I G Ti n ñ a Tan k¾ m anGgÁ 5 dU c Kñ a KW 1>

brbriKÁh itM = rbs;manm©as;hYgEhgrkSa

1-GvharTaMg 5 enH manesckþIBisþarenAkñúgKm<Irsmnþb,asaTika ¬)alI- Exµr¦ PaK 5 TMB½r 44 nig Km<IrkgçavitrNI Gdækfa)atiemakç PaK 1 TMB½r 86 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-58-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

brbriKÁh itsBaØI = smÁal;farbs;manm©as;hYgEhgrkSa 3> efyüci t þ M = manci t þ K i t nw g lY c 4> vaymt i = Büayamnw g lY c 5> etn GaTatBV M GaTanM Kcä t i = dl; n U v karlY c nU v rbs; 2>

EdleKmi n [ edayesckþ I B üayamenaH . cM E NkGRBhµ c ri y ³ manGgÁ 4 KW

GCÄacriyvt ßú = vtßúEdlKb,IknøgelµIs 2> esvnci t þ M = ci t þ K i t nw g esB 3>beyaKM smabC¢ti = BüayamnwgRbkbEdlmanesvnkic©

1>

Cabc©½y 4>

saTiyt i = eRtkGrcMeBaHesvnkic©enaH .

mu s avaT k¾ m anGgÁ 4 dU c Kñ a KW

GtfMvtßú = vtßúminBit 2> vi s M v aTnci t M þ = Ki t nw g eBal[xu s 3> teC¢ a vayaema = Büayamnw g eBal[xu s enaH 1>

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-59-

brsStTtßviC¢annM = júaMgGñkdéT[dwgc,as;nUvesckþIenaH.

4>

su r aemr½ y manGgÁ 4 KW

mC¢nIyvtßú = vtßúCaTItaMgénesckþIRsvwg KWsura nigemr½y 2> )tukmütacitþM = ci t þ R )afñ a nw g pw k 3> teC¢a vayaema = Büayamnw g pw k nU v Tw k Rsvw g enaH 4>tsS )nM = )anpwknUvTwkRsvwgenaH[knøgbMBg;kcUleTA .

1>

kñúgesckþIenH Kb,IRCabvinicä½y sUm,IRCabedayGgÁedayRbkar dU c eBalmkdU e cñ H . kareBaledaysmu d æ a n

kñ ú g esckþ I e nH

)aNati ) at

GTi n ñ a Tan ni g mu s avaT mansmu d æ a n 3 KW kayci t þ 1 vacaci t þ 1 kayvacaci t þ

1

. GRBhµ c ri y ³

mansmu d æ a nmY y b: u e NÑ a H KW

kayci t þ . su r aemrymC¢ b maTdæ a n mansmu d æ a n 2 KW kay 1 kayci t þ 1 . kñ ú g esckþ I e nH Kb,I R Cabvi n i c ä ½ y edaysmu d æ a n edayRbkardU c eBalmkdU e cñ H . kareBaledayevTna kñ ú g esckþ I e nH )aNati ) at edayTu k ç e vTna

.

GTi n ñ a Tan

Rbkb

RbkbedayevTnaNamY y kñ ú g

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

cM e NamevTnaTaM g bI mu s avaTk¾ d U c Kñ a . BI r si k ç a bTeTot Rbkb edaysu x evTna ni g GTu k ç m su x evTna . kñ ú g esckþ I e nH Kb,I R Cab vi n i c ä ½ y sU m ,I e dayevTna edayRbkardU c eBalmkdU e cñ H . kareBaledaymUl kñúgesckþIenH)aNati)atman eTas³ ni g emah³CamU l . GTi n ñ a Tan ni g mu s avaT manelaP³ ni g emah³ CamU l xø H maneTas³ ni g emah³ CamU l xø H . BI r si k ç a bTeRkAenH manelaP³ ni g emah³ CamU l . kñ ú g esckþ I e nH Kb,I R Cabvi n i c ä ½ y edaymU l tamRbkardU c eBalmkdU e cñ H . kareBaledaykmµ kñ ú g esckþ I e nH )aNati ) at GTi n ñ a Tan ni g GRBhµ c ri y Cakaykmµ ni g Cakmµ b f . mu s avaT CavcI k mµ Etmü: a g . k¾ b u K Á l Na CaGñ k kac; b M ) ak; n U v RbeyaCn_ b u K Á l enaH rEmgdl; n U v kmµ b f ¬KW d ac; k mµ b f¦ . si k ç a bTeRkAenH Cakmµ b f Etb:ueNÑaH . suraemrymC¢bmaTdæan CakaykmµEtmü:ag . kñúgesckþIenH Kb,IRCabvinicä½ysUm,Iedaykmµ edayRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH . kareBaledayvi r ti e vor kñ ú g esckþ I e nH Gñ k CM T as; eBalfa buKÁlkallHbg;cak)aNati)atCaedIm lHbg;edayrebobNa . nw g sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-61-

eBalbgð a jdU e cñ H mu n dM b U g bu K Á l kallHbg; edaysmaTanvi r ti rEmglHbg; c akGku s lkmµ man)aNati ) atCaedI m rbs; x ø Ü n Ég b¤ r bs; b u K Á l déT . eRBaHR)arB§ G V I . eRBaHR)arB§ Gku s lkmµ Edlnw g lHbg; e naHÉg . kallHbg; e day sm,tþvirtirEmglH bg;cakGkuslkmµ dUceBalehIyenaHÉg . eRBaHR)arB§ G V I . k¾ eRBaHR)arB§ G armµ N _ é nGku s lkmµ man)aNati ) atCaedI m Edl )aneBalehI y . EtGacarüBY k xø H eBalfa bu K Á l R)arB§ s gç a r TaM g Lay eBalKW T w k Rsvw g KW s u r a ni g emr½ y eTI b lHbg; c ak TI t aM g énesckþ I R bmaT KW k arpw k Tw k Rsvw g KW s u r a ni g emr½ y bu K Á l R)arB§

bNþ a stV ni g sgç a r

cM e BaHxø Ü n Kb,I l Y c

ni g Kb,I k at;

bnß y eTI b lHbg; G Ti n ñ a Tan ni g mu s avaT . R)arB§ s tV E tmü: a g eTI b lHbg; c ak)aNati ) at ni g GRBhµ c ri y ³ . GacarüeRkAGM B I enaH

manesckþ I y l; e XI j y: a genHfa

kaldU e cñ a H

bu K Á l Ki t

y: a gdéT k¾ e FV I y : a gdéT lHvtß ú N a k¾ m i n dw g vtß ú e naH dU e cñ H kal mi n RtÚ v kar¬y: a genaH¦

eTI b eBalfa

bu K Á l lHvtß ú N a

k¾ R )arB§

vtß ú e naH KW G ku s lkmµ man)aNati ) atCaedI m rbs; x ø Ü n n+ u H Ég eTI b sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-62-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

lHbg; . BaküenaHmi n RtÚ v eRBaHehtu G V I ? eRBaHvtß ú e naH mi n man Garmµ N _ C abc© ú b ,nñ ni g mi n manGarmµ N _ x ageRkA . EmnBi t kñ ú g )alI v i P gÁ é nsi k ç a bTTaM g Lay elaksY r fa {si k ç a bTTaM g 5 Ca ku s lb: u N Ñ a .l. CaGrN³b: u N Ñ a } ¬1¦ ehI y kñ ú g kareqø I y bBað a GM B I e dI m k¾ m an}

y: a genHfa

{ku s lTaM g Lay

eTI b eBaldl; e sckþ I

Rbkbedaysu x evTna

EdlFm’ m anGarmµ N _ C abc© ú b ,nñ

ni g Garmµ N _ x ageRkA y: a genHfamanGarmµ N _ Cabc© ú b ,nñ p g man Garmµ N _ x ageRkA BaküenaH rEmgmi n RtÚ v sRmab; G ñ k EdlR)arB§ Gku s lFm’ man)aNati ) atCaedI m rbs; x ø Ü n . kñ ú g Baküfa bu K Á l Ki t y: a gdéT eFV I y : a gdéT nw g lHbg; v tß ú N ak¾ m i n dw g vtß ú e naH sU m eBalcg¥ ú l

bgð a jy: a genH

bu K Á l kM B u g bdi b tþ i e dayeFV I k i c © [

seRmcnrNa nw g eBalnw g mi n fa Ki t Etmü: a g eFV I E tmü: a g b¤ f alH vtß ú N a mi n dw g vtß ú e naHdU e cñ H eT .

GarPit Van GmtM Chenþa sBV)bek niTsSneBa©t ß Pev mKÁedæariybuK Áela 1-GPi F mµ b i d k vi P gÁ elx 82 TM B ½ r 18 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-63-

RBHGri y bu K Á l Gñ k taM g enAkñ ú g mKÁ R)arB§ G mtFm’ k¾ l Hbg; ) abFm’ ) anGs; Ca]TahrN_ k ñ ú g esckþ I e nH . kñ ú g esckþ I e nH Kb,I R Cabvi n i c ä ½ y sU m ,I e dayvi r ti edayRbkar dU c eBalmkdU e cñ H . kareBaledaypl

)abFm’ m an)aNati ) atCaedI m

BY k

enaHTaM g Gs; rEmg[ekI t plKW T u K Á t i ni g [ekI t vi ) ak Edlmi n KY r R)afñ a mi n KY r RsLaj; mi n KY r eBjci t þ k ñ ú g su K ti TaM g [ekI t pl manesckþ I m i n ekø ó vkø a CaedI m TaM g GnaKt ni g bc© ú b ,nñ . mü: a g eTot

kñ ú g esckþ I e nH

Kb,I R Cabvi n i c ä ½ y

sU m ,I e daypltamn½ y

CaedI m y: a genHfa vi ) akrbs; ) aNati ) aty: a gRsalbM p u t kal ekI t Camnu s S k¾ e FV I [ CaGñ k manGayu x ø I ¬1¦ .

RbkarmY y eTot kñ ú g esckþ I e nH k¾ K b,I R Cabvi n i c ä ½ y

sU m ,I

edaysmudæan evTna mUl kmµ nigplrbs;ectnaevorcak)aNati)atCaedI m . kñ ú g ectnaevorcakenaH Kb,I R CabdU e cñ H evrmNI ectnaevorcakBY k enHTaM g Gs; taM g eLI g edaysmu d æ a n 4 KW kay 1- esckþ I B i s þ a rmansEmþ g kñ ú g bi d kelx 48 TM B ½ r 180-182 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-64-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

1 kayci t þ 1 vacaci t þ 1 kayvacaci t þ 1 . si k ç a bTTaM g Gs; enaH nw g Rbkbedaysu x evTnakþ I RbkbedayGTu k ç m su x evTnakþ I manGelaP³

GeTas³CamU l kþ I

manGelaP³

GeTas³

ni g

Gemah³CamU l kþ I . kñ ú g esckþ I e nH karevorcak sikçabTTaMg 4 Cakaykmµ

karevorcakmu savaT

CavcI k mµ

Etk¾ t aM g eLI g GM B I c i t þ

kñ ú g xN³mKÁ c i t þ sU m,I k arevorcakTaM g BY g k¾ C amenakmµ .

)Nati)ta evrmNI

manplCaedI m y: a genH KW P aB

CaGñ k manGvyv³FM t U c eBjbri b U N ’

PaBCaGñ k manragkayx< s ;

sms¥ a t PaBCaGñ k manragkayrh½ s rhY n PaBCaGñ k maneCI g TaM g BI r Can; s ‘ b ; F ¶ n ; e sµ I K ñ a

PaBCaGñ k Rss; s ¥ a t

Pøn; PaBCaGñkmancriyal¥ PaBCaGñkekøóvkøa kaybri b U N ’ e RcI n

PaBCaGñkmankmøaMg

PaBCaGñ k mansmþ I B I e raHek,aHk,ay

Gñ k CaTI R sLaj; r bs; m nu s S PaBCaGñ k manbri s ½ T mi n EbkKñ a eRBaHehtu e pSg²

PaBCaGñ k Tn;

PaBCaGñ k manvacami n maneTas PaBCaGñ k mi n manP½ y tk; s ø ú t

PaBCaGñ k mi n mansRtÚ v mkebotebon

Gñ k mi n sø a b; e RBaHsRtÚ v

PaBCa

PaBCaGñ k manbri v areRcI n

PaBCa

PaBCaGñ k

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

manrUbRss;s¥at

-65-

PaBCaGñkmansNæanl¥

PaBCaGñkmaneraKtic

PaBCaGñkminesakesA PaBCaGñkminmankarRBat;R)ascakstV ni g sgç a rCaTI R sLaj; e Bjci t þ PaBCaGñ k manGayu e RcI n .

GTin ñaTana evrmNI manplCaedImy:agenH KWPaBCaGñk manFnFaneRcI n

PaBCaGñ k manrbs; e RbI R )as; e RcI n

rk)anmi n manTI b M p u t

PaBCaGñ k

PaBCaGñ k eFV I R TBümi n Tan; e kI t [ekI t eLI g

PaBGñ k CamanRTBüKg; v gSl¥

PaBCaGñ k )anePaKRTBüedaykar

R)afñ a y: a grh½ s PaBCaGñ k manePaK³mi n saFarN³dl; P ½ y man RBHraCa ecar Tw k ePø I g ni g TayaTmi n CaTI R sLaj; PaBCaGñ k eRbI R )as; R TBüEdlmi n saFarN³

PaBCaGñ k )ancM e BaHnU v RTBü

sm,tþ i E dlmi n saFarN³ PaBCaGñ k )annU v elaku t þ r sm,tþ i PaB CaGñ k mi n dw g nU v vtß ú E dlmi n man PaBCaGñ k enACasu x .

GRBhµcriya evrmNI mi n mansRtÚ v

manplCaedI m dU e cñ H KW P aBCaGñ k

PaBCaGñ k CaTI R sLaj; r bs; m nu s STaM g BY g

PaB

CaGñk)an)ayTwksMBt; nigTIedkCaedIm PaBCaGñkedkCasux PaBCa Gñ k PJ a k; e LI g Casu x

PaBCaGñ k pu t P½ y kñ ú g G)ay

PaBCaGñkmin

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-66-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

ekItCa®sþI b¤ekItCamnusSminmanePT PaBCaGñkmineRkaF PaBCaGñ k sm,Ú r edaykareKarB PaBCaGñ k manxn§ m i n Fø a k; c u H PaBCaGñkmin manmux»ncuHkñúgTIRbCMu PaBCaGñkCaTIRsLaj;én®sþI nigburs PaB CaGñ k man\®nÞ i y bri b U N ’ PaBCaGñ k manlkç N ³bri b U N ’ PaBCa Gñ k mi n manesckþ I s gS½ y PaBCaGñ k xV l ; x V a yti c PaBCaGñ k enA Casu x PaB

PaBCaGñ k mi n manP½ y kñ ú g TI T aM g BY g

PaBCaGñ k mi n

mankarRBat; R )ascakstV ni g sgç a rCaTI R sLaj; .

musavaTa evrmNI man\®nÞ i y Rss; f ø a

manplCaedI m y: a genH KW P aBCaGñ k

PaBCaGñ k ni y ayvacaBI e raHTn; P ø n ;

PaBCa

GñkmaneFµjrabesµIl¥ PaBCaGñkminFat;eBk PaBCaGñkminsÁmeBk PaBCaGñkminetOeBk

PaBCaGñkminx<s;eBk

PaBCaGñkmankøinmat;dUcpáa]b,l eCOsþab;

PaBCaGñkmansm¢sSl¥

PaBCaGñkmanjatimitþCitxageKarB

PaBCaGñkmanvacaEdlKYrkan;yk)an

PaBCaGñkmanGNþat

Tn;RkhmRsedogpáaQUk nig]b,l PaBCaGñkmincMEbgcitþ PaBCaGñk vacaminrbiulrb:Uc .

suraemrymC¢bmaTdæana evrmNI

manplCaedImy:agenH KW

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

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PaBCaGñkdwgc,as;)anedayrh½skñúgkrNIykic©TaMgBYg

TaMgkñúg

GtIt GnaKt nigbc©úb,nñ PaBCaGñkmanstimaMTaMRKb;kal PaBCaGñk minqáÜt PaBCaGñkmanjaN PaBCaGñkminx¢ i l RcGU s PaBCaGñ k mi n l¶ g ; PaBCaGñ k mi n K PaBCaGñ k mi n Rsvw g PaBCaGñ k mi n RbmaT PaBCaGñ k mi n vegV g PaBCaGñ k mi n tk; s ú ø t PaBCaGñ k mi n mankar GYtGag PaBCaGñkminmanesckþIsgS½y PaBCaGñkniyayBaküBit PaBCaGñkniyayEtvacaminjúHjg; minRTeKaHe)aHe)ak minniyayelg \tRbeyaCn_ PaBCaGñkminx¢ilRcGUsTaMgéf¶TaMgyb; PaBCaGñ k man ktBaØ Ú PaBCaGñ k manktevTI PaBCaGñ k mi n mankM N aj; PaBCa Gñ k mankarbri c © a K PaBCaGñ k mansI l PaBCaGñ k esµ a HRtg; PaB CaGñ k mi n eRkaF PaBCaGñ k manhi r i PaBCaGñkman»tþb,³ PaBCaGñk manTidæiRtg; PaBCaGñkmanbBaØaeRcIn

PaBCaGñkR)aCJ PaBCabNÐit

PaBCaGñkqøatkñúgvtßúEdlCaRbeyaCn_ ni g mi n CaRbeyaCn_ . kñ ú g esckþ I e nH Kb,I R Cabvi n i c ä ½ y sU m ,I e daysmu d æ a n evTna mU l kmµ ni g pledayRbkardU c eBalmkdU e cñ H . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-68-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

bcäimbBa© sik çabTvNÑna BN’na 5 sikçabTxagcug BaküEdl´eBalTu k fa

eyaeCtBVM teta yut þM bcäiemsVbi bBa©s u GaevNikBa© vtþBVM ejyüa hInaTitabi cati . bnÞ a b; G M B I k arBN’ n a 5 si k ç a bTedI m enaH karKY r KW b NÐ i t Kb,I n aM m keRbI k ñ ú g 5 si k ç a bTxagcu g KY r eBalCaesckþ I ni g KY r RCabfa si k ç a bT manPaBGaRkk; C aedI m Tu k pg . \LÚ v enH

nw g BN’ n aesckþ I d U c teTAenH

BaküNakñ ú g kar

BN’ n a 5 si k ç a bTxagedI m rEmgRtw m RtÚ v BaküenaHKY r kan; y k bnÞ a b; G M B I k arBN’ n asi k ç a bT Rbkbkñ ú g si k ç a bT GFi b ,aydU e cñ H fa

5

xagcu g

5

xagedI m enaH .

ehI y ykmk

kñ ú g esckþ I e naH

kar ka r eBaledayGarmµ N _

manesckþ I

kñ ú g si k ç a bTmu n ²

su r aemrymC¢ b maTdæ a n mansgç a r manrU ) aytn³CaedI m NamY y CaGarmµ N _ y : a gNakñ ú g TI e nH vi k alePaCn³k¾ y : a genaH Kb,I R Cab esckþ I e pSgKñ a énGarmµ N _ r bs; s i k ç a bT 5 xagcu g RKb; s i k ç a bT sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-69-

edayn½ y enH . kar ka r eBaledaysmaTan 5 si k ç a bT edI m Edl sameNr b¤ ] )asksmaTan rEmgCaGñ k smaTanehI y y: a g Na si k ç a bT 5 xagcu g enH k¾ y : a genaH . sU m ,I kareBaleday k areBaleday GgÁ Gg esckþ I e pSgKñ a énGgÁ r bs; 5 si k ç a bTedI m man)aNati ) at CaedI m

eBalTu k ehI y kñ ú g TI e naHy: a gNa

sU m ,I k ñ ú g TI e nHk¾ y : a g

enaH . vi k alePaCn³manGgÁ 4 ¬1¦ KW

vikaela = kalxus 2> yavkali k M = rbs; C ayavkali k 3> GeCÄahrN M = karelbcU l eTAkñ ú g bM B g; k 4> Gnu m µ t þ k t a = PaBCaGñ k mi n Camnu s Sqá Ü t . 1>

Kb,I R Cabesckþ I e pSgKñ a énGgÁ r bs; s i k ç a bT sU m ,I e RkAenaH edayTM n genH . mü: a geTot kareBaledaysmu d æ a n kñ ú g TI e naH su r aemrymC¢ b maTdæ a n man 2 smu d æ a n KW kay 1 kayci t þ 1 y: a gNa kñ ú g TI e nH vi k alePaCn³k¾ y : a genaH Kb,I R Cabsmu d æ a n 1-GgÁénvikalePaCnsikçabTenH eyIgEtgeXIjmanEtbI

b:uEnþkñúgTIenH RBHGdækfacarü

eBalfaman 4 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-70-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

rbs; s i k ç a bTRKb; s i k ç a bT

edayn½ y dU e cñ H

eBaledayevTnakñ eBaledayevTna ú g TI e nH

GTi n ñ a TanRbkbedayevTnaTaM g

NamY y

kñ ú g TI e nH

.

vi k alePaCn³k¾ y : a genaH

mü: a geTot

.

kar 3

Kb,I R Cabkar

RbkbRBmedayevTna edayevTnarbs; s i k ç a bTRKb; s i k ç a bT edayn½ y enH . edayevTna mü: a geTot kñ ú g TI e naH GRBhµ c ri y ³ manelaP³ ni g emah³ CamU l y: a gNa

sU m ,I k ñ ú g TI e nH

vi k alePaCnsi k ç a bT

k¾ y : a genaH

.

cM E Nksi k ç a bT 2 eRkABI e naH Kb,I R Cabesckþ I e pSgKñ a edaymU l RKb; s i k ç a bTTaM g Gs;

edayn½ y enH

.

mü: a geTot

kñ ú g TI e naH

)aNati ) atCaedI m Cakaykmµ y : a gNa sU m ,I k ñ ú g TI e nH vi k alePaCn³ CaedI m k¾ y : a genaH . mü: a geTot CatrU b rCtb,di K Á h N³ Cakaykmµ k ¾ m an CavcI k mµ k ¾ m an edaybri y ayénkarRbRBw t þ e TA ni g karekI t eLI g tamkayTV a rCaedI m mi n EmnCakmµ b feT . mü: a g eTot kar ka r eBaledayvi r ti t kñ ú g TI e naH bu K Á l kallHbg; rEmglH bg; n U v Gku s l man)aNati ) atCaedI m rbs; x ø Ü n b¤ r bs; G ñ k déT² y:agNa

sUm,IkñúgTIenHk¾rEmglHbg;nUvGkusl

manvikalePaCn³

CaedI m k¾ y : a genaH . mü: a geTot kareBaledayesckþ I C aku s l sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-71-

k¾ d U c Kñ a . k¾ k arevorcaksi k ç a bT 5 xagedI m man 4 smu d æ a n KW kay 1 kayci t þ 1 vacaci t þ 1 kayvacaci t þ 1 RKb; k arevorcak sikçabTTaMgGs;RbkbedaysuxevTnak¾man RbkbedayGTukçmsuxevTna k¾man

manGelaP³

GeTas³CamUlk¾man

manGelaP³

GeTas³

Gemah³CamUlk¾man nigRKb;k arevorcak si k ç a bT[ekItpl Edl KYrR)afñamanRbkarepSg²y:agNa sUm,IkñúgTIenHk¾y:agenaH . bnÞ a b; GM B I k arBN’ n a 5 si k ç a bTedI m enaH PaBKY r KW b NÐ i t Kb,I n aM m keRbI kñ ú g 5 si k ç a bTxagcu g KY r eBalCa esckþ I ni g KY r RCabfa si k ç a bT manPaBGaRkk; CaedI m Tu k pg . Kb,IRCabvinicä½ykñúg 5 sikçabTxagcugenaH dUcteTA‹ bTfa vikalePaCn alePaCnM ePaCn )andl; karbri ePaKGaharknøg hY sevlaéf¶ Rtg; . EmnBit karbriePaK GaharknøghYsevlaéf¶Rtg;enaH k¾KWkarbriePaK GaharhYskal EdlRTg;GnuBaØatTuk eRBaHdUecñaH eTIbelakehAfa vikalePaCn³ ectnalHbg;nUvkarbriePaKGaharkñúgevlavikalenaH . kñúgbTfa nc©KItvaTitvisUkTsSnM enH karraMy:agNamYy eQµaHfa nc©³ . kareRcógy:agNamYy eQµaHfa KIt³ . karRbKMy:agNamYy sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-72-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

eQµaHfa vaTit³ . karemIlvtßú EdlCaswksRtÜv eRBaHTmøayFm’ cMENkkusl EdlCabc©½yeFVI[ekItkiels eQµaHfa visUkTsSn³ b¤karemIl kareXIj EdlCaswksRtÚv k¾eQµaHfa visUkTsSn³ . kar raMpg kareRcógpg karRbKM p g karemI l vtß ú E dlCasw k sRtÚ v pg eQµaHfa nc©KItvaTitvisUkTsSn³ . k¾vivs i UkTsSn³kñ TsSn³ úgTIenH Kb,I k an; yktamn½ y EdlRBHmanRBHPaK RBHGgÁ R tas; T u k kñ ú g RBhµCalsURt . EmnBit kñúgRBhµCalsURtenaH RBHmanRBHPaK Rtas; T u k fa ¬1¦ {dU c CasmNRBahµ N _ T aM g Layd¾ c eRmI n BY k mY y bri e PaKePaCn EdleK[edaysT§ a ehI y RbkberOy²nU v karsþ a b;

EtsmNRBahµ N _ T aM g enaH ni g karemI l nU v El,g

Etg

EdlCasRtÚ v

dl; k u s lFm’ mansPaBy: a genH . ÉEl,gEdlCasRtÚ v dl; ku s lFm’ e naHetI d U c emþ c xø H mehaRsBxø H

.

KW E l,graM x ø H

eRcógxø H

cm,aM g esþ c Part³ni g RBHramCaedI m xø H

RbKM x ø H Kgxø H

rKaM g xø H sÁ r manRCú g 4 xø H rU b KM n U r xø H El,gdM u E dkxø H El,gravxø H El,glagq¥ w g xø H

dM r I C l; K ñ a xø H

esHRbxaM K ñ a xø H

RkbI C l; K ñ a xø H

1-sutþnþbidk TIXnikay sIlkçn§vKÁ elx 14 TMB½r 14 sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-73-

eKaCl;KñaxøH BEBCl;KñaxøH EkHCl;KñaxøH man;Cl;KñaxøH cabCl;KñaxøH El,gKundMbgxøH Rbdal;xøH cM)ab;xøH TIsRmab;c,aMgKñaxøH TIsRmab; erobBlxøH lMenAkgT½BxøH TIemIlesnaRbkbedayGgÁ 4 xøH¬1¦ . É RBHsmNeKatm

RTg; e vorRsLHcakki r i y asþ a b;

ni g karemI l

El,g EdlCasRtÚ v dl; k u s lFm’ mansPaBdU e cñ H Ég . mü: a geTot karraM kareRcóg ni g karRbKM edayn½ y Edl)an eBalmkehIyb:ueNÑaH CasRtÚv eQµaHfa nc©KItvaTitvisUkTsSn³ karemI l karraM kareRcóg ni g karRbKM E dlCasw k sRtÚ v TaM g enaH eQµ a Hfa eRcog

nc© K I t vaTi t vi s U k TsSn³

ni g karRbKM

ectnalHbg; n U v karraM

EdlCasw k sRtÚ v enaH

kar

kalKY r nw g eBalfa

TsSnsvna sU m ,I k arsþ a b; k ¾ e lakehAfa TsSn³ dU c Kñ a dU c kar cab; G armµ N _ sU m ,I m i n EmnRbRBw t þ e TAtamckç ú T V a r elakk¾ e hAfa TsSn³ dU c kñ ú g RbeyaKCaedI m y: a genHfa {

Tidæieka vibrItTsSena

bu K Á l enaH

esa c ehati micäa-

KW C abu K Á l Cami c ä a Ti d æ i

CaGñ k

1-esnadMrI 1 esnaesH 1 esnareTH 1 esnaefµIreCIg 1 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-74-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

mankareXI j xu s } ¬1¦ karRbRBw t þ e lµ I s kñ ú g si k ç a bTenH rEmgman dl;Gñ kcU leTAemI l . cM ENkGñk edIr eTACY b b¤eXIjcM eBaHEdl mkR)akd kñ ú g »kasEdlQr GgÁ ú y edkk¾ m an EdlCaesckþ I esAhµ g mi n EmnRbRBw t þ e lµ I s kñ ú g si k ç a bTenHeT . kareRcóg sU m ,I G aRs½ y Fmµ ³ k¾ m i n KY r EtFmµ ³ EdlGaRs½ y kareRcóg Kb,I RCabfasmKY r .

páaeQICaedIm Kb,IeRbIRbkbesµIedaykarRTRTg;CaedIm . kñúg

sikçabTenaH bTfa mala )andl;páaeQIRbePTNamYy . Baküfa vielbn³ lbn³ )andl;rbs;y:agNamYy EdleKkincat;Tuk edIm,Ilab . eRkAGM B I e naH

eRKÓgRkGU b manemSA

ni g EpSgCaedI m RKb; y : a g

eQµ a Hfa eRKÓgRkGU b . eRKÓgRkGU b RKb; y : a genaH eRbI t ak; E tg Rbdab;minKYrEteRbICafñaMk¾KYr . EteRKÓgRkGUb EdleKnaMmkedIm,I bUCa sRmab;GñkTTYlTukrEmgminKYr minfaedaybriyayNa²eT . Bakü ]c© a syn³ )andl; T I e dkx< s ; h Y s RbmaN elakehAfa TI e dkx< s ; . TI e dkCaGkb,i y ³ ni g eRKÓgRkalTI e dkCaGkb,i y ³ 1-sutþnþbidk

GgÁútþrnikay Ék-Tukni)at bidkelx 40 TMB½r 75 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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srNtþ y vNÑ n a BN’ n aRBHRt½ y srN³

-75-

elakehA mhasynM . TI e dksU m ,I T aM g BI r y: a genaH sRmab; Gñ k TTY l Tu k rEmgmi n KY r

mi n faedaybri y ayNa²

.

Baküfa

CatrU Catr U b ³ )andl; mas . Baküfa rCt³ )andl; khabN³ KW rbs; N a² manmaskelah³ maskeQI nigmaskC½rCaedIm Edl eKeRbIpøas;bþÚrKñakñúgRbeTsenaH² . mas nigR)ak;TaMgBIrenaH eQµaH fa CatrUbrCt³ . karTTYlykmas nigR)ak;enaH eQµaHfa bdiKÁh³ karTTYl . karTTYlenaH rEmgminKYr minfabriyayNa² . Kb,I R Cabsi k ç a bT dU c eBalmkdU e cñ H . si k ç a bTTaM g 10 enH bu K Á l smaTanedayqnÞ ³ vi r i y ³ ci t þ ³ vi m gSay: a gfmfy k¾ e Qµ a Hfa smaTany: a gfmfy . eday qnÞ ³ vi r i y ³ ci t þ ³ vi m gSa y: a gkNþ a l k¾ e Qµ a Hfa smaTany: a g kNþ a l . edayqnÞ ³ vi r i y ³ ci t þ ³ vi m gSa y: a gRbNI t eQµ a Hfa smaTany: a gRbNI t . n½ y mü: a geTot si k ç a bTTaM g 10 enH esAhµ g edaytNð a Ti d æ i man³ eQµ a Hfa smaTany: a gGaRkk; . Edlmi n esAhµ g eQµ a Hfa smaTany: a gkNþ a l . bBaØ a CamY y ni g karsmaTansi k ç a bTenaH²

eQµaHfa smaTany:agRbNIt .

n½ymü:ageTot

EdlsmaTan

sikçabTTaMgenaH

sRmab;CaFmµTan

edaykuslcitþCa

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-76-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

jaNvib,yutþ R)ascakbBaØa eQµ a Hfa smaTany: a gGaRkk; . EdlsmaTanedayku s lci t þ C a

jaNsm,yu t þ

Rbkbeday

bBaØ a Cassgç a ri k eQµaHfa smaTany:agkNþal . EdlsmaTan edaykuslcitþCajaNsm,yutþ

CaGsgçarik

eQµaHfasmaTan

y:agRbNIt . Kb,IRCabfasikçabT manGaRkk;CaedIm dUceBalmk dUecñH . mati k aÉNa

Edl´elI k CabTtaM g Tu k

edI m ,I B N’ n a)az³

énsi k ç a bT edayKafa 6 Kafafa si k ç a bTenH Gñ k NaeBal eBalTu k TI N a eBalkalNa eBaleRBaHehtu N a dU e cñ H CaedI m mati k aenaH

Edl´RbkasedayGtß e dayBakümanRbmaNRtw m

Etb: u e NÑ H Ég .

brmtßeCatikay xuTÞk)zdækfay sikçabTvNÑna nidæita

BN’ n asi kç abT én Gdæ kfaxu TÞ k)az³ eQµ aH brmtß eCati ka cb; . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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3-TVtþwsakarvNÑna BN’naGMBIGakar³ 32 Rbkar

bTsm<n§vNÑna BN’nakarsm<½n§énbT kmµdæan KWkayKtastienHÉNa EdlBYkGnütirßiyTaMgBYg minFøab; [RbRBwtþeTAeLIyeRkABuT§kal edIm,IesckþIbrisuT§énGasyBaØaN nigedIm,I citþPavnarbs;kulbuRt EdlmanRbeyaKd¾brisuT§edaysikçabT 10 y:ag enH EdltaMgenAkñúgsIl RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;sresIrehIy edayGakar³ d¾eRcInkñúgRBHsURtenaH²y:agenHfa‹ {mñalPikçúTaMgLay Fm’mYyy:agEdlbuKÁl)anceRmInehIy )an snSMerOy²ehIy EtgRbRBwtþeTAedIm,IesckþIsegVKeRcIn EtgRbRBwtþeTA edIm,IesckþIcRmIneRcIn

EtgRbRBwtþeTAedIm,IesckþIekSmcakeyaK³eRcIn

EtgRbRBwtþeTAedIm,Isti nigsm,CBaس EtgRbRBwtþeTAedIm,I)annUvjaNTsSn³ EtgRbRBwtþeTAedIm,IenACasuxkñúgbc©úb,nñEtgRbRBwtþeTAedIm,IeFVI[ Cak;c,as;nUvviC¢a vimutþi nigpl¬1¦ . mñalPikçúTaMgLay BYkPikçúNaminbriePaKkayKtasti BYkPikçúenaH eQµaHfaminbriePaKnUvRBHniBVan . mñalPikçúTaMgLay BYkPikçúNabriePaKnUv kayKtasti BYkPikçúenaHeTIbeQµaHfa briePaKnUvRBHniBVan . 1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Ék-Tukni)at bidkelx 40 TMB½r 95 .

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-78-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

mñalPikçúTaMgLay kayKtastiEdlPikçúBYkNaminbriePaK RBHniBVan k¾eQµaHfa BYkPikçúTaMgenaHminbriePaKEdr . mñalPikçúTaMgLay kayKtasti EdlPikçúBYkNabriePaKehIy RBHniBVan k¾eQµaHfa BYkPikçúenaH briePaKEdr . mñalPikçúTaMgLay

kayKtastirbs;BYkPikçúNasabsUnüehIy

RBHniBVanrbs;BYkPikçúenaH k¾eQµaHfa sabsUnüEdr . mñalPikçúTaMgLay kayKtasti

rbs;BYkPikçúNaminsabsUnü

RBHniBVanrbs;BYkPikçúenaH

k¾eQµaHfa minsabsUnüEdr . mñalPikçúTaMgLaykayKtastiEdlBYkPikçúNae)aHbg;ehIyRBHniBVan k¾eQµaHfa BYkPikçúenaHe)aHbg;Edr . mñalPikçúTaMgLay kayKtasti Edl BYkPikçúNaR)arBæehIy RBHniBVank¾eQµaHfa BYkPikçúenaH R)arB§Edr¬1¦ . dUecñHehIyRTg;sEmþgTukCa 14 bBV³ KWGana)anbBV³ \riyabfbBV³ ctusm,CBaØbBV³ bdikUlmnsikarbBV³ FatumnsikarbBV³ sIvfikabBV³ 9 edayn½yfa‹ 1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Ék-Tukni)at bidkelx 40 TMB½r 100-101 sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

mñalPikçúTaMgLay

kayKtasti

-79-

EdlbuKÁl)anceRmIndUcemþc

)aneFIV[eRcIndUcemþc eTIbmanpleRcIn manGanisgSeRcIn . mñalPikçú TaMgLay PikçúkñúgsasnaenH eTAkan;éRBkþI>>>dUecñHCaedIm¬1¦ . \LÚvenH

nieTÞsénkarceRmInkayKtastikmµdæanenaH

mktam

lMdab;ehIykñúgnieTÞsenaH . ´eBalfa bNþabBV³TaMgLayenaH bBV³ 3 enH KW\riyabfbBV³ 1 ctusm,CBaØbBV³ 1 FatumnsikarbBV³ 1 eday GMNacénvibsSna . sIvfikabBV³TaMg 9 eBaledayGMNacGaTInvanubsSnaTukkñúgvibsSnajaNb:ueNÑaH . cMENkÉsmaFiPavna kñúg]T§úmatkGsuP³CaedImkñúgnieTÞsenaH EdlKb,IR)afña´k¾RbkasTukedayBisþar ehIykñúgGsuPPavnanieTÞs kñúgKm<IrvisuT§imKÁTaMgenaH . 2 bBV³enH KW Gna)anbBV³ 1 nigbdikUlmnsikarbBV³ 1 k¾eBaledayGMNacsmaFi . bNþa 2 bBV³enaH Gna)anbBV³ Cakmµdæan mYyEpñkedayBit edayGna)ansSti . cMENkTVtþigSakarkmµdæanenaHÉNa CabriyayénPavna mYyrbs;kayKtasti

EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;sEmþgse®gÁaHxYrk,al

Tuk edayxYrkñúgq¥wgkñúgnieTÞsenaH² y:agenHfa ‹ {mñalPikçúTaMgLay mYyeTót PikçúBicarNa eXIjc,as;nUvkayenH Ég xagelItaMgGMBI)ateCIgeLIgeTA xageRkamtaMgGMBIcugsk;cuHmk Edl 1-sutþbidk mCÄimnikay ]bribNÑask³ bidkelx 26 TMB½r 377 sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-80-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

manEs,kbiT)aMgCuMvij eBjeTAedayvtßúmins¥at manRbkarepSg² dUecñH fakñúgkayenHmansk;

eram

.l.mURt}¬1¦

TVtþigSakarkmµdæan dUcteTAenH‹ bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa esckþIfa

EdleBalfa

Gtß Gti ERbfa

dUecñH

.

´nwgBN’nanUv

rEmgman . bTfa

taMgGMBI)ateCIgeLIgeTA

\msµw

nigGMBIcugsk;cuHmk

manEs,kB½T§edayCMuvij eBjedayrbs;mins¥atmanRbkarepSg² . bT fa

kaey )andl;kñúgsrIr³ . EmnBit srIr³ ehAfa kay eRBaHsnSMrbs;

mins¥at b¤eRBaHCaTIceRmInlUtlas;énrbs;epSg² mansk;CaedIm Edl KYrex<Im nigeraKTaMgLaymaneraKEPñkCaedIm . bTfa KWGakar³ 32

eksa .l. mutþM

mansk;CaedImTaMgenHkñúgTVtþigSakarenH

Kb,IRCabesckþI

sm<½n§y:agenHfa sk;manenAkñúgkayenH erammanenAkñúgkayenHCaedIm . Rtas;GIVTukedayTVtþigSakarkmµdæanenaH Rtas;Tukfa GñkNakalBicarNa enaH sUm,IedayGakar³RKb;y:agkñúgkeLvr³¬2¦ ragkaymanxñatRbmaN mYyBüambu:eNÑH KWxagelItaMgGMBI)ateCIgeLIgeTA xageRkamtaMgGMBIcug 1-sutþnþbidk mCÄimnikay ]bribNÑask³ bidkelx 26 TMB½r 380 2-kñúgGPiFanb,TIbika

TMB½r

99

fa

keLvr³

esµI

tnu

ERbfa

ragkay

.

kñúg

vcnanuRkm)alI-Gg;eKøs TMB½r 200 ERbfa ragkayEdlsøab; saksB eRKagq¥wg dUckñúgvcnanuRkm)alI-éf c,ab;PUmiBelaPikçú TMB½r 14 e)aHBum< B>s 2535 Edr . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-81-

sk;cuHmk rMuB½T§edayEs,kCuMvij rEmgmineXIjGIVminfa Ekvmukþa EkvmNI EkvBiTUrü Rksña cnÞn_ emSAq<úgCaedIm sUm,IxñattUcfa s¥at tamBitrEmg eXIjkayepSgedaysk; eramCaedIm Edlmankøins¥úy KYrex<Imy:agéRk Elg minmansirI KYremIleLIymanRbkarepSg²fa mins¥atEtmü:ag . BN’naedaykarsm<½n§énbTkñúgTVtþigSakarkmµdæanenHbu:eNÑH .

GsuPPavna

Kb,IRCabkarBN’naTVtþigSakarkmµdæanenaH edayGMNacGsuPPavna dUcteTAenH . CalMdab;dMbUg kulbuRtEdlepþImbMeBjkmµdæan CaGñktaMgenAkñúg

sIl epSgeday)aNati)ataevrmNIsikçabT CaedImy:agenHehIy man RbeyaKd¾brisuT§ bMNgnwgRbkberOy²nUvGnueyaK³ KWkarceRmInkmµdæan edaycMENkTVtþigSakar KWedIm,IRtas;dwgnUvesckþIbrisuT§énGasyBaØaN kulbuRtenaH rEmgmankgVl; 10 Rbkar KWkgVl;edaylMenA edayRtkUl edaylaP

edayKN³

edaykargar

edaykareFIVdMeNIr

edayjati

edaykareronKm<Ir edayeraK nigeday\T§ibJT§i b¤karkgVl;edayekrþ×eQµaH . kalebIdUecñaH kulbuRtenH k¾RtÚvkat;kgVl;TaMg 10 RbkarenaHecjeday viFIy:agenH KWedaykarlHTMnak;TMngkñúgGavas RtkUl laP KN³ jati sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-82-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

nigekrþ×eQµaH edaykarminxVl;xVaykñúgkargar kareFIVdMeNIr kareronKm<Ir nigedaykarBüa)aleraK kalebIdUecñaH kulbuRtEdlkat;kgVl;)anehIy minkat;kareRtkGrkñúgenkçmµ³ kMNt;karbdibtþidusxat;dl;TIbMput minlH bg;Gacar³

Epñkxagvin½ysUm,ItictYc

k¾Kb,IcUleTArkGacarüEdl[

kmµdæan EdlCaGñkRbkbedayGaKm³ ¬briytþi¦ nig GFiKm³ ¬bdibtþi nig bdievF¦ b¤RbkbedayKuNsm,tiþy:agNamYy GMBIGaKm³ nigGFiKm³ enaH edayviFId¾smrmüdl;RBHvin½y ehIyKb,IR)ab;BIbMNgrbs;xøÜn dl; GacarüenaH EdlxøÜneFIV[elakmancitþeRtkGredayvtþsm,Ta . Gacarü enaH Kb,IdwgRbePTénnimitþ GFüaRs½ycriya nigGFimutþirbs;kulbuRtenaH RbsinebIkmµdæanenaHCarbs;KYrsm kalebIdUecñaH kulbuRtenaHsUm,Iman bMNgnwgenAkñúgviharEdlxøÜnenA tBIenaH k¾Kb,I[kmµdæanedaysegçb . RbsinebI kulbuRtenaH bMNgenAkñúgvihardéT k¾Kb,IR)ab;kmµdæanBisþar RBmTaMgesckþIEdlKYreFIVmun EdlKYrkMNt;dwgCaedIm

edayR)ab;esckþIEdlKYrlH

RBmTaMgRbePTcrit

nigesckþI

edayR)ab;kmµdæan

Edl

smrmüdl;r aKcrit CaedI m . ku lbuRtenaH kaleronkmµdæa nRBmeday sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-83-

esckþIEdlKYreFIVmunTaMgRbePTenaH ehIylaGacarü evorcakesnasn³ 18 RbePT EdlelakeBalfa KYrevorcaky:agenHfa ‹ GavasFM GavasfµI Gavascas; GavasCitpøÚv GavasCit GNþÚgfµ GavasmansøwkeQI GavasmanpáaeQIGavas manEpøeQIGavasEdlmnusSR)afña GavasEdlCitnKr GavasEdlCitmnusScUleTAkat;eQIGavasEdlCit ERscmáarGavasEdlmanGarmµN_CasRtÚvGavas EdlCitkMBg; GavasEdlCitCayEdnGavasmansIma GavasEdlminTIsb,aynigGavasminmanklüaNmitþ bNÐitsÁal;esnasn³18RbePTdUecñHehIyKb,Ievor[q¶ay dUcmnusSedIrpøÚvevorcakP½ycMeBaHmuxdUecñaH¬1¦ . ehIycUleTAkan; esnasn³RbkbedayGgÁ 5 EdlRBHsm<úT§RTg;Rtas; y:agenHfa ‹ mñalPikçúTaMgLaycuHesnasn³RbkbedayGgÁ 5 etIdUcemþc . mñalPikçúTaMgLay esnasn³kñúgelakenH minq¶ayeBk minCiteBk lµm 1-esckþIBisþar mankúñugvisuT§imKÁ )alIExµr PaK 1 TMB½r 233 Rtg;bzvIksiNnieTÞs . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-84-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

eTAmkRsÜl minkuHkredaymnusSkñúgevlaéf¶ minsUvmansMeLg minsUv KwkkgkñúgraRtI minsUvmansmösS edayre)ammUsxül; kemþAéf¶ nigBs; tUcBs;FM 1 cIvr biNÐ)at esnasn³ nigKilanb,c©yePsC¢brikçarekIt eLIgdl;PikçúEdlenAkñúgesnasn³enaH edayminlM)ak 1 BYkPikçúCaefr³ EdlenAkñúgesnasn³enaH CaBhusSÚt ecHcaMnUvnikay RTRTg;Fm’ RTRTg; vin½y

RTRTg;matika

1

PikçúcUleTArkPikçúCaefr³TaMgenaHmþg²ehIysYr

RbwkSafa bBiRtelakd¾ceRmIn erOgenHetIdUcemþc esckþIGFib,ayénerOg enHetIdUcemþc 1 elakd¾manGayuTaMgenaH rEmg Bnül;erOgEdlminTan; c,as;las;pg eFIV[gaynUverOgEdleRCApg benÞabg;nUvesckþIsgS½y kñúgFm’TaMgLay EdlCaTItaMgénesckþIsgS½yeRcInRbkarpg 1 . mñal PikçúgTaMgLay esnasn³RbkbedayGgÁ 5 y:agenHÉg¬1¦ . PikçúkalGaRs½ynUvesnasn³ mansPaBEbbenH BicarNaeTas kñúgkamTaMgLay nigGanisgSkñúgenkçmµ³ edayeFVIkic©RKb;y:ag[seRmc ehIyjúaMgcitþ[RCHføaedaykarrlwkdl;RBHsmµasm<úT§

EdlRtas;dwg

1-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay Tskni)at bidkelx 50 TMB½r 33-34 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-85-

l¥ e hI y RBHFm’ C aFm’ d ¾ l ¥ ni g RBHsgÇCaGñ k Rbti b tþ i l ¥ e hI y mi n lH ]KÁhekasl¬1¦7y:ag

EdlelakeBalTuky:agenHfa‹

kñúgkareronsURt 7 y:agKW edayvaca edaycitþ sNæan

{GñkR)aCJqøat

edayvNѳ

eday

edayTis eday»kas nigedaybriecäT ehIymanmnsikar-

ekasl KWPaBqøatedaykarykcitþTukdak; 10 y:ag EdlelakeBal Tuky:agenHKW edaylMdab; edayminqab;eBk edayminyWteBk edaykar karBarPaBraymay

edayelIµsbBaØtþ

edaybeNþaylMdab;

eday

Gb,na edaysutþnþ³TaMg 32 eTIbKYrepþImceRmInTVtþigSakar edaykarminlH bg;nUvmnsikarekaslenaH . EmnBit karceRmInTVtþigSakar edayGakar³ RKb; y : a g rEmgseRmcdl; G ñ k e pþ I m dU c e BalmkenH mi n seRmc edayRbkardéTeLIy .

1-brmtßTIbnI fa ]KÁhekaslnþi PavnakmµM GarBÖitukaemn Pikçúna GacriysS snþiek sBVsS

kmµdæanviFansS

ehIyeronyk

]KÁhNM

]KÁeha ERbfa ]KÁh³ KWPikçúGñkmanR)afñanUvPavnakmµ

KWfakan;yknUvviFanénkmµdæanTaMgBYgkñúgsMNak;elakGacarü

eQµaHfa

]KÁhekasl . 2-sutþnþ 3 KW GFicitþsURt sItiPavsURt nig eBaCÄgÁekaslsURt .

esckþIBisar

sEmþgkñúgKm<Ir visuT§imKÁ PaK 2 TMB½r 478-481 )alI-Exµr e)aHBum< B>s 2540 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-86-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

kñúgkarceRmInTVtþigSakarenaH PikçúTTYltcbBa©kkmµdæan¬1¦munCaxag edIm

eBaledayRBHéRtbidk

kaltcbBa©kkmµdæansÞat;CMnaj

eday

eksa elama CaedIm sÞat;CMnajedaybdielam tamn½yfa teca tnþa CaedIm Kb,IceRmInGs;knøHEx tamvacaedIm,Ikat;

Gnuelam tamn½yfa

esckþIkgVl; EdlraymayecjeTAxageRkA edayGnuelam nigbdielam

tamn½yTaMg 2 enaHÉg edIm,I[sÞat;)alI nigtampøÚvcitþ edIm,IkMNt;sPav³ éncMENkragkayCaGarmµN_ . EmnBit karceRmIntamvacanUvtcbBa©kkmµdæanenaH kat;vitkáEdlraymayxageRkA)anehIy rEmgCabc©½ydl; karceRmIntamvaca eRBaHsÞat;)alIehIy karceRmInpøÚvcitþ rEmgCabc©½y dl;karkMNt;GsuP³ vNѳ niglkçN³ cMENkNamYy kalebIdUecñaH edayn½yenaH k¾Kb,IceRmInnUvvkábBa©kkmµdæan ¬kmµdæanmanvkáCaKRmb; 5 ¦ Gs;knøHEx tBIenaH eTIbceRmInnUvtcbBa©kkmµdæan nigceRmInnUvvkábBa©kkmµdæan TaMg 2 enaHGs;knøHEx tBIenaH eTIbceRmInnUvb)öasbBa©kkmµdæan Gs;knøHEx tBIenaHk¾ceRmInTaMg 3 bBa©k³ enaHGs;knøHEx kalebIdUecñaH

mtßlugÁM Edlmin)anRtas;TukkñúgvKÁeRkayTukkñúg 3 BYkenH edIm,IceRmInrYmKña nigGakar³énbzvIFatuTaMgLayehIyceRmIn mtßlugÁM k¾Kb,IbEnßm

1- tcbBa©kkmµdæan mann½yfa kmµdæan EdlmanEs,kCaKRmb; 5 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-87-

Gs;knøHEx tBIenaH k¾ceRmInbBa©k³ nigctuká³Gs;knøHEx emTqká³1 knøHEx tBIenaH k¾ceRmInbBa©k³ nigctuká³rYmKña nigemTqká³knøHEx mutþqká³ knøHEx tBIenaH

k¾ceRmInTVtþigSakarTaMgGs;Gs;knøHEx

Kb,IceRmInkMNt;vNѳ

sNæan Tis »kas nigbriecäT 6 Ex dUceBalmkenH . esckþIenH elak eBalsMedAdl;buKÁlEdlmanbBaØafñak;kNþal

cMENkbuKÁlGñkman

bBaØaTn;exSay Kb,IceRmInGs;mYyCIvit GñkmanbBaØamutRsÜc karceRmIn rEmgseRmc)anminyUreLIy .

eksa= eksa sk; kñ ú g esckþ I e nH Gñ k sY r eBalfa Pi k ç ú E dlepþ I m kmµ d æ a nenH kM N t; TVtþigSakarenH edayvNѳCaedImy:agNa? esckþIBit PikçúepþImkmµdæanenH kalceRmInTVtþigSakaredaykarEckCa tcbBa©k³CaedI m edayn½yfa kñúg ³ kayenHmansk;dUecñHCaedIm

rEmgkMNt;sk;CavtßúdUcEdlPikçúenHeXIj

ehIy edayvNѳfamanBN’exµA . kMNt;sk;Carbs;mUlEvg eday sNæanfadUcCadgCBa¢Ig . eRBaHehtuEtkñúgkayenH elIeBaHeLIgeTA ehAfa TisxagelI eRkameBaHcuHmk ehAfa TisxageRkam dUecñaH eTIb 1-emTqká emTqká³ kmµdæan manejIsCaKRmb; 6 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-88-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

kMNt;Tisfa ekItkñúgTisxagelIénkayenH . kMNt;eday»kasfa ekIt Rtg;llad_k,alCuMvijRtecok nig k . kMNt;edaysk;enaHfa sk;min dwgfa vaekItenAelIEs,kk,al sUm,IEs,kk,alk¾mindwgfa sk;ekItenA elIva eRbobdUcesµAkuNг EdlekItelIkMBUldMbUk mindwgfa vaekItenAelI kMBUldMbUkeT sUm,IkMBUldMbUkk¾mindwgfa esµAkuNгekItenAelIva . dUecñaH kMNt;fa tamBitsk;TaMgenH evorcakkarRtiHriH nigkarBicarNaehIy Ca Fm’minmanectna ¬citþ¦ CaGBüakt³ sUnüTeT Carbs;bdikUlmankøin s¥úy KYrex<Imy:agéRkElg minEmnstV minEmnbuKÁl . kalebIeBal edaybriecäTsk; mankarkMNt; 2 y:ag edayGMNacsPaK³ 1 visPaK³ 1 . bNþakarkMNt; eRkam

2

EdlCaTItaMg

y:agenaH

karkMNt;sPaK³

nigedayKl;rbs;xøÜn

KWsk;manEs,kxag

EdlcUleTAkñúgEs,kenaH

RbmaNb:uncugGgáam taMgenAxagelIedayGakas xagTTwgedaysk; nig sk; nigkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ KWsk;minEmnCaGakar³ 31 d¾ess Gakar³ 31 d¾essk¾minEmnCask; . karkMNt;sk; edayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkehIyy:agenH . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-89-

elama= elama eram kñúgGakar³

31

d¾essk¾kMNt;eramdUcEdlPikçúenHeXIjehIy

edayvNѳ PaKeRcInmanBN’exov . edaysNæan erammansNæandUc dgFñÚ b¤mansNæandUcCaFagetñatekag kMNt;edayTis eramekItkñúgTis TaMg 2 kMNt;eday»kasfa ekItenARtg;Es,kénsrIr³d¾essedayeRcIn evorElgEt)atéd )ateCIg . kñúgGakar³ 32 d¾essenaHkMNt;fa eramrEmgmindwgfa vaekItenA Rtg;Es,ksrIr³ sUm,IEs,kénsrIr³ k¾mindwgfa eramekItenAelIva eRbob dUcesµAsÁa

EdlekItenAkñúgTIpÞHcas;

sUm,IpÞHcas;

k¾mindwgfaesµAsÁa

ekItenAelIva . eRBaHfa eramTaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH nigkarBicarNa Ca Fm’minmanectna ¬citþ¦ CaGBüakt³ sUnüTeT Carbs;bdikUlmankøin s¥úy KYrex<Imy:agéRkElg minEmnstV minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäT kar kMNt; edaysPaK³fa eramxageRkamkMNt;edayEs,kEdltaMgenA nig edayKl;rbs;xøÜnEdlenAkñúgEs,kenaHRbmaN bu:nBgéc eramxagelI kMNt;edayGakas eramxagTTwgkMNt;edayeramKñaÉg . cMENkkar sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-90-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

kMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt;eramedayvNѳ CaedImmanRbkardUceBalmkehIydUecñH.

nxa= nxa Rkck tBIenHeTA k¾kMNt;fa GñkmanRkckRKb; KWman 20 Rkck . Rkck TaMgGs;enaH

kMNt;edayvNѳ

manBN’s

kñúg»kasEdlecjputBI

sac; manBN’Rkhm kñúg»kasEdlCab;nwgsac; . edaysNæan Rkck mansNæandUc»kasEdltaMgenA

edayeRcInmansNæandUcRKab;RsKM

b¤mansNæandUcCaRskaRtI edaysNæanKb,IkMNt;dUecñH . edayTis RkcktaMgenAkñúgTisTaMg 2 . eday»kas RkcktaMgenAcugRmam . kñú gRkckenaH kMNt;fa RkckrEmgmindwgfa vataM genAcugRmam sUm,IRmamk¾mindwgfa

RkcktaMgenAxagcugrbs;va

EdlBYkekµgGñkRsúkedatTukelIcugeQI

eRbobdUcRKab;RsKM

mindwgfavaRtÚveKedatTukelI

cugeQI sUm,IeQIk¾mindwgfa RKab;RsKMRtÚveKedatTukelIvadUecñaH . Rkck enaH evorcakkarRtiHriH nigkarBicarNaehIy CaFm’minmanectna .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäT karkMNt;edaysPaK³fa RkckxageRkam sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-91-

RtÚveKkMNt;Rtwmsac;Rmam xagKl; b¤edayépÞEdltaMgenARtg;Kl;enaH ehIyRkckxagelI

kMNt;eday»kasxagcug

edayEs,kcugsgxag

rbs;RmamTaMg 2 enHCakarkMNt;RkckTaMgenaHedaysPaK³ cMENkkar kMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg kMNt;RkckedayvNѳCa edIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH .

Tnþa = eFµj tBIenaHeTA k¾kMNt;fa GñkmaneFµjRKb; KWeFµj 32 . eFµj TaMgGs;enaH kMNt;edayvNѳ k¾manBN’s . edaysNæan eFµj rbs;GñkmaneFµjrab R)akddUcpÞaMgs½gçkat;ykTIrwg nigdUcCapáaeQIRkBMu BN’s

EdleKRkgl¥ehIy

.

eFµjrbs;GñkmaneFµjminrab

man

sNæanepSg² eRbóbdUcCataMgEdleKerobTukenAelIGasn³ énsala cas; . k¾kñúgTIbMputénCYreFµjTaMgsgxagrbs;eFµjTaMgenaH eFµj 8 man cug 4 nigmanKl; 4 ehIyEckCa 2 Epñk KWxagelI 2 xageRkam 2 man sNæandUcekAGIEvg . eFµj 8 EdltaMgenAtamlMdab;enaH xagkñúgeFµj TaMgenaH mancug 3 manb£s 3 mansNæandUcRkcab; . eFµj 4 xag sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-92-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

eRkam 1 xagelI 1 tamlMdab;enaH xagkñúgeFµjTaMgenaH mancug 2 man b£s 2 mansNæandUckaMyan¬reTH¦ . eFµjcgáÚm 4 EdltaMgenAtam lMdab;enaH xagkñúgrbs;eFµjTaMgenaH xageRkam 1 xagelI 1 mancugEt 1 manb£sEt 1 mansNæandUcCaPYgmøiH . tBIenaH eFµj 8 xageRkam 4 xagelI 4 Rtg;kNþalCYreFµjsgxag mancug 1 manb£s 1 man sNæan dUcRKab;eXøak edayTis eFµjekItkñúgTisxagelI . eday»kas eFµjxagelI taMgenAkñúgq¥wgcgáaelImancugcuHeRkam xageRkamtaMgenAkñúg q¥wg cgáaeRkam mancugeLIgelI . bNþ a eFµ j TaM g enaH k¾ k M N t; f a eFµ j mi n dw g fa vataM g enAkñ ú g q¥ w g cgáaeRkam nigtaMgenAkñúgq¥wgcgáaelI sUm,Iq¥wgcgáaeRkam k¾mindwgfa eFµj taMgenAkñúgva ehIyq¥wgcgáaelI k¾mindwgfa eFµjtaMgenAkñúgva eRbobdUc ssr

EdlbursCaCag)antaMgTukkñúgpÞaMgfµ

pÞaMgfµxagelI

ssrrEmgmindwgfa

s‘kcUleTAkñúgpÞaMgfµxagelI

xageRkams‘kcUleTAkñúg

vaRtÚveKtaMgTukkñúgpÞaMgfµxageRkam

pÞaMgfµxageRkam

k¾mindwgfa

ssrRtÚveK

edatTukelIva pÞaMgfµxagelI k¾mindwgfa ssrRtÚveKs‘kTukelIvadUecñaH . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-93-

edayfaeFµjTaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH nigkarBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäT eFµjeRkamkMNt;edayreNþAeFµjcgáa s‘k cUlq¥wgcgáaehIytaMgenA

nigedayb£srbs;xøÜn

eFµjelIkMNt;eday

Gakas xagTTwgkMNt;edayeFµjnwgeFµj enHCakarkMNt;eFµjTaMgenaH edaysPaK³ . cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . kMNt;eFµjedayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñHÉg .

teca =Es,k tBIenaH vtßúEdlbiT)aMgsaksBepSg² kñúgxagkñúgsrIr³ eQµaHfa

teca Es,k kMNt;edayvNѳ Es,kmanBN’s . RbsinebIEs,kenaH R)akddUcBN’epSg² manBN’exµA BN’sCaedIm eRBaHRtÚvRClk;eday eRKOgRClk;Es,k

eTaHbIdUecñaH

k¾BN’senaHÉg

edayvNѳEdlCa

sPaK³nwgKña . kalEdlEs,kenaH manBN’senaH rEmgR)akddUc Es,kEdl RtÚvrlakedayGNþatePøIg nigRtÚvRbharedayeRKOgRbhar CaedIm . kMNt;edaysNæan edaysegçbfa mansNæandUcGav eday Bisþarfa mansNæanepSg² . EmnBit Es,kRmameCIg mansNæandUc sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-94-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

sMbuknag Es,kxñgeCIg mansNæandUcRTab;eCIgEdlx©b;Tuk Es,ksµg mansNæandUcsøwketñatx©b;)ay Es,k)aTeCIg mansNæandUcéTEdl manGgáreBj Es,kRtecok mansNæandUcsMBt;tRmgTwkEdlmanTwk eBj Es,kxñg mansNæandUcEs,kh‘um)aMg Es,keBaH mansNæandUc Es,kh‘umBiN Es,kRTÚgedayeRcIn mansNæan 4 RCúg Es,kédTaMg 2 mansNæandUcEs,krMudgFñÚ

Es,kxñgéd

mansNæandUceRsamkaMbit

ekar b¤mansNæandUceRsamsñit Es,kRmaméd mansNæandUcRbGb; esar Es,kk mansNæandUcGavmank Es,kmux mansNæandUcsMbuk nag manRbehagtictYc Es,kk,alman sNæandUcesøak)aRt . RBHeyaKavcr EdlkMNt;Es,kCaGarmµN_ bBa¢ÚncitþcUleTAkñúg cenøaHEs,k nigsac;taMgBIbbUrmat;elI kMNt;Es,kmuxCalMdab;dMbUg tBI enaH Es,kk,al Es,kkxageRkA tBIenaH k¾Kb,IkMNt;Es,kédsþaM TaMg Gnuelam nigbdielam . edaylMdab;tmk k¾Kb,IkMNt;Es,kédeqVg Es,kxñg Es,kRtecok tBIenaH Es,kxñgeCIgsþaM TaMgGnuelam nig bdielam Es,kxñgeCIgeqVg Es,kRkeBjbsSav³ ebHdUg k¾xagkñúgtBI sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-95-

enaH Es,kcgáaeRkam Es,kbbUrmat;eRkam kMNt;y:agenHeTot rhUtdl; Es,kbbUrmat;elI . kMNt;edayTisfa Es,kekItkñúgTisTaMg2 . kMNt; eday»kasfa h‘umB½T§nUvsrIr³ehIytaMgenA . kñúgEs,kenaH RBHeyaKavcrkMNt;fa Es,krEmgmindwgfa vah‘um B½T§srIr³ EdlRbkbedaymhaPUtrUbTaMg 4 enH sUm,IsrIr³ EdlRbkb edaymhaPUtrUbTaMg 4 enH k¾mindwgfa vaRtÚvEs,kh‘umB½T§eT eRbobdUcCa hibh‘umB½T§edayEs,kRss;

hibk¾mindwgfa

vah‘umB½T§edayEs,k

Rss;eT sUm,Ihibk¾mindwgfa vaRtÚvEs,kRss;h‘umB½T§dUecñaHEdr . eRBaH fa Es,kTaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH nigkarBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmn buKÁl . elakeBaldUecñHfa‹

Gløcmµbdicäenña nvTVaera mhaveNa smnþeta bKÇrti GsucibUtiKn§ieya . ragkayenH h‘umB½T§edayEs,kRss; manTVar 9 mandMe)AeRcIn mins¥at mankøins¥úyrEmghUrecjedayCuMvij . edaybriecäTkMNt;fa Es,kxageRkamkMNt; edayEs,k b¤épÞEdl sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-96-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

taMgenAelIEs,kenaH Es,kxagelIkMNt;edayEs,ksm,úréf¶ enHCakar kMNt;Es,kenaHedaysPaK³ . karkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk; enaHEdr karkMNt;Es,kedayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH .

mMsM = sac; tBIenaHeTA k¾kMNt;sac; EdlepSgedaysac; 900 cMerok kñúg srIr³ edayvNѳfa manBN’RkhmRsedogpáacar . edaysNæan man sNæanepSg²Kña . BitdUecñaH sac;kMPYneCIgénsrIr³enaH mansNæandUc )ayx©b;søwketñat GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa mansNæandUcpáarMeckEdlmin Tan;rIkdUecñHk¾man . sac;eCIg mansNæandUcfµkMe)ar s sac;Rtecok man sNæandUccugduMssr sac;q¥wgxñg mansNæandUcduMEpnsáretñat sac; cMerokeRKag TaMg 2 mansNæandUcdIbUkesþIg²kñúgépÞ EdleFIVedayb£sSI sac;edaH mansNæandUcduMdIesIm EdlduHecjeTAmux sac;édTaMg 2 man sNæandUckNþúrFM EdleKkat;knÞúy k,al nigeCIg minmanEs,ktaMgenA GacarümYyBYkeBalfa

mansNæandUcPYgsac;dUecñHk¾man

sac;f<al;

mansNæandUcRKab;RksaMg EdleKdak;enAelIf<al; . GacarümYyBYk sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-97-

eBalfa mansNæandUckEgábdUecñHk¾man . sac;GNþat mansNæandUc RtbkQUk sac;RcmuHmansNæandUcTUesovePApáab;mux sac;rn§EPñk man sNæandUcEpølVaTMuBak;kNþal sac;k,al mansNæandUceRbglabxÞH esþIg²CuMvij)at

RBHeyaKavcr

EdlkMNt;sac;CaGarmµN_Kb,IkMNt;

sac; EdlCacMENkeRKatRKat²TaMgenH edaysNæanenaHÉg . eday sNæan

RBHeyaKavcrkMNt;y:agenH

sac;

cMENkl¥itk¾R)akddl;

jaN . kMNt;edayTis sac;ekItkñúg TisTaMg 2 . kMNt;eday»kas sac;bUktamq¥wg 300 kMNat; EdlmaneRKagtaMgenA . kñú gsac; enaH k¾k MNt;fa sac; 900 cMerok rEmgmi ndwg fa vabUk labq¥wg 300 kMNat; sUm,Iq¥wg 300 kMNat; k¾mindwgfa vaRtÚvsac; 900 cMerokbUklabEdr eRbobdUcCBa¢aMgpÞH EdlRtÚvbUklabedaydIKeRKIm dI KeRKIm k¾mindwgfavabUklabCBa¢aMgpÞHEdr sUm,ICBa¢aMgpÞHk¾mindwgfa vaRtÚv dIKeRKImbUklabEdr

.

eRBaHfa

sac;TaMgenaH

evorcakkarRtiHriH

nig

karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnCabuKÁl elakeBaldUecñHfa‹

nvebsista mMsa Gnulitþa keLvrM nanakimiKlakiNÑM mILdæ` anMvbUtikM . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-98-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

sac; 900 cMerokbUklabedaykeLvr³ ragkay EdleRCotebot edayBYkdgáÚvRbePTepSg² s¥úydUclamk . edaybriecäTkMNt;fa

sac;xageRkamkMNt;edayeRKagq¥wg

b¤TI

taMgéneRKagq¥wgenaH sac;xagelIkMNt;edayEs,k sac;xagTTwgkMNt; edaysac;nwgsac;KñaÉg enHCakarkMNt;sac;edaysPaK³ cMENkkar kMNt; edayvisPaK³k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . kMNt;sac; edayvNѳCa edIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH .

nðaru = srés tBI e naHeTA k¾ k M N t; f a srés 900 kñ ú g srI r ³edayvNÑ ³ man BN’s GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa manBN’dUcTwkXµúM . edaysNæan srés mansNæanepSg² . BitdUecñaH bNþasrés 900 enaH srésFM² man sNæandUckk;x©I¬1¦ Edll¥itCagenaH mansNæandUcExSsMNaj;Tak;RCÚk EdltUcéRkElgCagenaH

mansNæandUcvlø×epam

EdltUcCagenaHeTA

eTot mansNæandUcExSBiNFM rbs;CnCatisIhL³ EdltUcCagenaHeTA eTot k¾mansNæandUcGMe)aHKRKat srésEdlenAelIxñgéd xñgeCIg man 1-sI sIlkçn§vKÁGPinvdIka TMB½r 326 Bnül;faknÞ knÞela nam buböÚbKrukçviesesa ERbfa rukçCativiessmü:agEdlmanpáapusecjmk eQµaHfa knÞela . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-99-

sNæandUceCIgstVsøab srésk,al mansNæandUcsMBt;esþIg² Edl dak;elIk,alrbs;ekµgGñkRsúk srésxñg mansNæandUcsMNaj;cab;RtI EdlRbLak;TwkehIylathaléf¶

srésd¾essEdlenAtamGvyv³FM

tUcenaH²kñúgsrIr³enH mansNæandUcCaGavEdleRsabelIsrIr³ . eday Tis srésekItkñúgTisTaMg 2 . bNþasrésTaMgenaH srésFM man eQµaHfa kNÐr³ man 5 taMgBIedImRtecoksþaMmkxagmux nigxageRkay dl;xageqVg

cgtaMgBIKum<RtecokxageqVgmkxagmux nigxageRkaydl;

xagsþaM cgtaMgBIreNþA kxagsþaMmkxagmux nigxageRkaydl;xageqVg cgtaMgBIreNþAxageqVgmkxagmux nigxageRkaydl;xagsþaM cgédsþaMmk xagmux 5 xageRkay 5 rYmsrésFMEdleQµaHfa kNÐr³ man 10 y:ag . édxageqVg eCIgxagsþaM nigeCIgxageqVgk¾dUcKñay:agenaH . rYmesckþImk srésFM 60 dUceBalmky:agenH k¾kMNt;fa CaeRKOgCYyRTRTg;srIr³ CYykMNt;srIr³k¾man . kMNt;eday»kas sréscgq¥wgxagkñúgq¥wgCa mYyEs,k nigq¥wgCamYysac;taMgenATUTaMgsrIr³.

bNþasrésenaHkMNt;fa srésrEmgmindwgfa q¥wg 300 kMNat;

RtÚvvacgTuk sUm,Iq¥wg 300 kMNat; k¾mindwgfa vaRtÚvsréscgEdr eRbob dUceQIekag EdlRtÚvvlø×rMuB½T§ vlø×rEmgmindwgfa eQIekagRtÚvvacgTuk sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-100-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

sUm,IeQIekagk¾mindwgfa vaRtÚvvlø×ruMB½T§EdrdUecñaH . eRBaHfasrésTaMg enaH evorcakkarRtiHriH nigkarBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnCabuKÁl . elakeBaldUecñHfa ‹

nvnðarusta ehanþi Büammetþ keLver Bn§nþi GdæsgÇa gÇadM GKarmivvløieya . srés

900

rEmgman

RtÚveRKagq¥wgkñúgragkayRbmaNmYy

BüamBn§B½T§ehIy dUcvlø×cgpÞHdUecñaH . edaybriecäTfa srésxageRkam kMNt;edayq¥wg 300 kMNat; b¤ épÞEdltaMgenAÉq¥wgenaH srésxagelIkMNt;edayEs,k nigsac; xag TTwg kMNt;edaysrésrbs;Kña nwgKñaÉg . enHCakarkMNt;srésTaMg enaH edaysPaK³ . cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaH Edr . kMNt;srésedayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH .

Gdæi = q¥wg tBIenaHeTA Kb,IkMNt;q¥wg edayvNѳfa q¥wgmanRbePT Edlelak eBalTukedayn½yCaedImy:agenHfa

eRBaHelakkan;ykq¥wgeFµj

32

bMEbkTukedayELk q¥wgd¾esskñúgsrIr³manq¥wgéd 64 q¥wgeCIg 64 q¥wgxÞI sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-101-

EdlCab;sac; 64 q¥wgEkgeCIg 2 q¥wgkeCIg mYy² man 2 q¥wgsµg 2 q¥wg CgÁg; 1 q¥wgePøA 1 q¥wgcegáH 2 q¥wgxñg 18 q¥wgeRKag 24 q¥wgCMnIr 14 q¥wg CitebHdUg 1 q¥wgdgkaMbit 2 q¥wgxñgéd 2 q¥wgéd 2 q¥wgcugéd 2 q¥wgk 7 q¥w gcgáa 2 q¥wg RcmuH 1 q¥w gEPñ k2 q¥ wgRtecok 2 q¥ wgf¶a s 1 q¥ wgk,al1 q¥wgllad_k,al9 q¥wgTaMgGs;enaHÉgmanBN’s .

kMNt;edaysNæanfa q¥wg mansNæanepSg²Kña . EmnBit bNþa

q¥wgTaMgenaH q¥wgcugRmameCIg mansNæandUcRKab;eBan q¥wgtBIenaHKWCaq¥wg kNþalénRmameCIg mansNæandUcRKab;xñúrEdlmineBj q¥wgedIménRmam eCIg

mansNæandUcsÁrC½y

GacarümYyBYkeBalfa

mansNæandUc

RskaeCIgek¶akdUecñHk¾man . q¥wgxñgeCIg mansNæandUcCaKMnrkk;dM[rab q¥wgEkgeCIg

mansNæandUcEpøetñatEdlmanRKab;mYy

q¥wgkeCIg

man

sNæandUcb‘Ulrbs;elgEdlcgrYmKña q¥wgtUc²kñúgq¥wgsµg mansNæan dUcdgFñÚ q¥wgFM² mansNæandUcxñgs¶ÜtEdlrvamedaysrés eRBaHeRsk Xøan

q¥wgsµgtaMgenAkñúgq¥wgeCIg

mansNæandUcBnøkedImebgbksMbk

q¥wgEdltaMgelIsµgeCIgénq¥wgCgÁg; mansNæandUckMBUlsMePar q¥wgCgÁg; mansNæandUcBBuHTwkmçagEdlEbk q¥wgePøA mansNæandUcdgkaMbit nig sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-102-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

BUefAEdlcaMgRtÜs²

q¥wgePøAtaMgenAkñúgq¥wgcegáH

mansNæandUcbMBg;pøúM

ePøIgrbs;Cagmas »kasEdlq¥wgePøAtaMgenAkñúgq¥wgcegáHenaH mansNæan dUcEpøbusnaKEdlkat;cug q¥wgcegáHsUm,Iman 2 k¾Cab;KñaEtmYy man sNæandUcc®gáanePøIgEdlsµÚnqñaMgsagTuk GacarümYyBYkeBalfa man sNæandUcexñIy»brbs;tabsdUecñHk¾man . q¥wgRtKak mansNæandUc sMNkBs;EdleKdak;páab;mux q¥wgxñg 18 kMNat; manRbehagtUc²kñúgTI 7-8 kEnøgxagkñúg mansNæandUcpÞaMgsMBt;CYtk,al EdleKdak;RtÜt² KñaxageRkA mansNæandUcbMBg;mUl q¥wgxñgTaMgenaHmanbnøa 2-3 dUceFµj rNa . bNþaF¥wgeRKag 24 kMNat; cMENkEdlbrisuT§ mansNæan dUccieBa©ImGñksIhL³EdlbribUN’ cMENkEdlminbribUN’ mansNæan dUccieBa©ImGñksIhL³EdlminbribUN’ GacarümYyBYkeBalfa TaMgGs; enHÉg

mansNæandUcsøabsgxagrbs;man;s

EdllatecjdUecñH

k¾man q¥wgCMnIr 14 kMNat; mansNæandUcpÞaMgeQIERKEsñgcas;² q¥wg ebHdUg mansNæandUcBBarEvk q¥wgdgkaMbit mansNæandUcdgkaMbit elah³tUc² bNþaq¥wgdgkaMbitTaMgenaH q¥wgxageRkam mansNæandUc sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-103-

GDÆc½nÞ ¬RBHcnÞBak;kNþal¦ q¥wgxñgéd mansNæandUcBUefA GacarümYy BYkeBalfa

mansNæandUccbGñksIhL³kat;Bak;kNþaldUecñHk¾man

q¥wgéd mansNæandUcdgkBa©k;qøúH GacarümYyBYkeBalfa mansNæan dUcdgkaMbitFMdUecñHk¾man . q¥wgcugéd mansNæandUcb£setñatKU q¥wgéd mansNæandUcsMBt;CYtk,alEdleKdak;Cab;rYmKña sNæandUcCaKMnrkk;dM[rab

q¥wgedImrbs;Rmaméd

q¥wgxñgéd

man

mansNæandUcsÁr

C½y q¥wgkNþalénRmaméd mansNæandUcRKab;xñúrEdlminbribUN’ q¥wg cugénRmaméd mansNæandUcRKab;EpøeBan q¥wgkTaMg 7 mansNæandUc cMNitTMBaMg EdleKecaHdak;teRmóbtamlMdab;Tuk q¥wgcgáaeRkam man sNæan dUccMNgcgjjÜrEdkrbs;Cagmas q¥wgcgáaelI mansNæan dUceQICRmH 7 q¥wgrn§EPñk nigRbehagRcmuH mansNæandUckUnetñatx©I EdlminTan;bksMbk q¥wgf¶as mansNæandUcRteLaks½gçEbk EdleK dak;páab;mux kat;sk;

q¥wgKum<Rtecok

mansNæandUceRsamkaMbitekarrbs;Cag

bNþaq¥wgf¶as nigq¥wgKum<Rtecok q¥wgkñúg»kasEdlCab;KñaCa

pÞaMgxagelI

mansNæandUccMeroksMBt;cas;biTk¥mRkas;eBjedayTwk sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-104-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

q¥wgGMEbgk,al mansNæandUcdUgkat;mat;

q¥wgk,al mansNæandUc

RteLakeXøakcas;EdleKdak;cUleTATuk . edayTisq¥wgTaMgLayekIt kñúgTisTaMg2 . eday»kas q¥wgTaMgLaytaMgenATUTaMgsrIr³ minman cMENksl;

bu:EnþeBaledayBiess

taMgenAelIq¥wgxñg

q¥wgsIs³taMgenAelIq¥wgk

q¥wgxñgtaMgenAelIq¥wgcegáH

q¥wgk

q¥wgcegáHtaMgenAelIq¥wgePøA

q¥wgePøAtaMgenAelIq¥wgk,alCgÁg; q¥wgk,alCgÁg;taMgenAelIq¥wgsµg q¥wgsµg taMgenAelIq¥wgkeCIg q¥wgkeCIgtaMgenAelIq¥wgxñgeCIg q¥wgxñgeCIgk¾elIkq¥wg eCIgeLIgtaMg q¥wgeCIgk¾elIkq¥wgsµgeLIgtaMg .l. q¥wgkk¾elIkq¥wgk,al eLIgtaMg . Kb,IRCabcMENkd¾essedayTMngdUceBalmkdUecñH . kñúgq¥wgTaMgenaHkMNt;fa q¥wgsIs³rEmgmindwgfa vataMgenAelIq¥wgk .l. q¥wgkeCIgrEmgmindwgfa vataMgenAelIq¥wgxñgeCIg sUm,Iq¥wgxñgeCIg k¾mindwgfavaelIkq¥wgkeCIgeLIgtaMg eRbobdUc bNþaTBVsmÖar³ man\dæ nig

eQIrnukCaedIm

TaMgLay

eBlenAelIrEmgmindwgfa

man\dæEpñkeRkamCaedIm

vataMgenAelIsmÖar³

\dæEpñkeRkamk¾mindwgfa

vaelIk

\dæEpñkxagelItaMgeLIgdUecñaH . eRBaHfaq¥wgTaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH nig karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . q¥wg 300 kMNat; EdlseRmc sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-105-

ehIy KWsrés 900 nigsac; 900 cMNit cg niglabEs,kh‘umCa duMEtmYy

bUklabedayC½rs¥iteTAtamRbsaTTTYlrs

7>000

man

tMNk;ejIs RkgedayreNþAeram 99>000 manRtkUldgáÚv 80 RtkUl rab;)anfa kayEtmü:ag EdlRBHeyaKavcr kalBicarNaedaysPav³ Bit rEmgmineXIjvtßúGIV² EdlKYrcUleTARbkan;yk b:uEnþnwgeXIjeRKag q¥wgEtmü:ag EdlrYbrwtedaysrés ebotebonedaysaksBepSg² kal eXIjehIyrEmgcUldl;Pav³Ca»rsrbs;RBHTsBl dUcEdlRtas;Tukfa‹

bdi)diydæIni zitani ekadiya Genksn§iymieta n ekhici BeT§a nðarUhi Cray ecaTieta Gectena kdækligÁrUbema. q¥wgTaMgLay taMgcuHerogKñakñúgTIt PaKeRcInBI kayenH vtßúGIV²min)ancgTuk kayenHRbsinebI srésTaMgLaycgrwtTuk KWCradas;etOnehIy minmanectna ¬citþ¦ ]bmadUckMNat;eQI .

kuNbM kuNeb CatM Gsucimði c bUtini sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-106-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

TuKÁen§ cabi TuKÁn§M ePTnmði c vyFmµM Gdæibued Gdæibueda niBVetþa bUtini bUtikaymði tmði c vienf qnÞM ehsSetß butþa TsBlsS . saksBekItkñúgsaksB rbs;s¥úyekItkñúgrbs;mins¥at rbs;s¥úyekItkñúgrbs;s¥úy rbs;EdlsUnüeTAekItkñúg rbs;EdlEbkFøayeTA KMnrq¥wgekItkñúgKMnrq¥wg rbs;s¥úy ekItkñúgkays¥úy GñkTaMgLaycUrkm©at;esckþIeBjcitþ kñúgkayd¾s¥úyenaHecj nwgCabuRtrbs;RBHTsBl . edaybriecäTk¾kMNt;fa xagkñúgq¥wgkMNt;edayxYrkñúgq¥wg xageRkA q¥wgkMNt;edaysac;cug nigKl;kMNt;edayq¥wgrbs;Kña nwgKña enHCakar kMNt;edayq¥wgTaMgenaHedaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt; edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg

.

kMNt;q¥wgedayvNѳCaedIm

manRbkardUc

eBalmkehIydUecñH .

GdæimiBa¢M =xYrkñúgq¥wg tBI e naHeTA k¾ k M N t; f a xY r kñ ú g q¥ w g EdlenAxagkñ ú g q¥ w g TaM g Lay

manRbePTtamEdleBalmkehIykñúgsrIr³ edaysNæanxYrkñúgq¥wg

edayvNѳmanBN’s

mansNæandUcCa»kasrbs;xøÜn

.

.

enAkñúgq¥wg

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-107-

TaMgLay xñatFM² mansNæandUcBnøkesþA xñatFMEdleKs‘kbgVildak; kñúgb£sSI nigedImbbusxñatFM xYrq¥wgEdlenAxagkñúgq¥wgtUc² mansNæan dUcBnøkesþAxñattUc

EdleKs‘kbgVildak;kñúgfñaMgb£sSI

nigedImbbus

xñattUc . edayTis xYrkñúgq¥wgekItkñúgTisTaMg 2 eday»kas xYrkñúgq¥wg taMgenAkñúgcenøaHénq¥wgTaMgLay . xYrkñúgq¥wgenaHk¾kMNt;fa

xYrkñúgq¥wgrEmgmindwgfa

vaenAkñúgq¥wg

sUm,Iq¥wgk¾mindwgfa xYrkñúgq¥wgenAkñúgva eRbóbdUcTwkedaH nigTwkGMeBAenAkñúg b£sSI

nigedImbbusCaedIm

rEmgmindwgfa

vaenAkñúgedImb£sSI

nigedIm

bbusCaedIm sUm,IedImb£sSI nigedImbbusCaedIm k¾mindwgfa TwkedaHCUr nigTwkGMeBAenAxagkñúgvadUecñaH . EmnBit Fm’TaMgenH evorcakkarRtiHriH nig karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäTfa xYrkñúgq¥wg Kb,I kMNt; edayépÞxagkñúgq¥wgTaMgLay edaycMENkénxYrkñúgq¥wg enHCakar kMNt;xYrkñúgq¥wgenaH edaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;visPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk; enaHÉg . kMNt;xYrkñúgq¥wgedayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH.

vkáM = tRmgbsSav³ tBIenaHeTA k¾kMNt;fa vká tRmgbsSav³manRbePTdUckUnb‘Ul 2

xagkñúgsrIr³ . edayvNѳ manBN’RkhmTn; manBN’dUcRKab;rlYs)ay edaysNæan

tRmgbsSav³

mansNæandUckUnb‘Ulelg

sRmab;CaFmµTan

EdleFVIBI

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-108-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

GMe)aHrbs;ekµgGñkRsúk GacarümYyBYkeBalfa mansNæandUcsVay 2

Epø TgEtmYydUecñHk¾man . edayTis tRmgbsSav³ ekItkñúgTisxagelI .

eday»kas tRmgbsSav³enaH RtÚvsrésKRKat EdlecjmkBIreNþAk manKl;EtmYyeTAbnþicehIy k¾EbkecjCa 2 cMENk rYbrwtsac;ebHdUg ehIytaMgenA .

bNþatRmgbsSa³enaH k¾kMNt;fa tRmgbsSa³rEmgmindwgfa va

RtÚvsrésKRKatrYbrwt sUm,Isrésk¾mindwgfavaRtÚvrYbrwt edaytRmgbsSa³ eRbóbdUcsVay 2 EpøCab;TgEtmYy rEmgmindwgfa vaRtÚvTgCab; sUm,ITg k¾mindwgfa vaRtÚvsVay 2 Epø Cab;dUecñaH eRBaHfaFm’TaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäT fatRmgbsSav³ kMNt;edaycMENkéntRmgbsSav³ enHCakarkMNt;tRmg bsSav³enaHedaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg kMNt;tRmgbsSav³ edayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH .

hTyM = ebHdUg tBIenaHeTA k¾kMNt;faebHdUgmankñúgsrIr³ edayvNѳ ebHdUgman BN’Rkhm dUcCaRsTab;énpáaQUkRkhm . edaysNæanebHdUg man sNæandUcpáabTumRkBuMbkRsTab;eRkAecjehIy dak;páab;cuH . k¾ebHdUg enaH mçagdUcEpøbusnaKkat;kMBUlxageRkA[relag xagkñúgk¾dUcxagkñúgén sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-109-

EpønenagéRB . ebHdUgrbs;Gñk manbBaØaeRcInrIkFMbnþic rbs;GñkmanbBaØa ticekþabEtmü:ag . menaFatu nigmenaviBaØaNFatu GaRs½yrUbNaRbRBwtþ eTA dkrUbenaHecjehIy QamkkenAknøHTUkédxagkñúgebHdUg eBal KW cMNitsac;d¾ess Qamrbs;GñkmanraKcritenaH BN’Rkhm rbs;Gñk maneTascrit BN’exµA rbs;Gñkmanemahcrit manBN’dUcTwklagsac; rbs;Gñkvitkácrit manBN’dUcTwksENþk rbs;GñksT§acrit manBN’ dUcpáakNikar rbs;GñkmanbBaØacrit pUrpg;føaminl¥k;kkr dUcCaEkvmNI d¾rugerOgBIkMeNIt EdlCRmHehIy . edayTis ebHdUgekItkñúgTisxagelI . eday»kas ebHdUg taMgenARtg;kNþal ¬cenøaH¦edaHTaMg 2 xag kñúgsrIr³ . kñú gebHdU genaHkMNt;f a ebHdUg rEmgmindw gfa vataMg enAkNþ al edaHTaMg 2 sUm,IedaHk¾mindwgfa ebHdUgenARtg;kNþalva eRbóbdUcCaKnøwH taMgenAkNþalénembg¥Üc nigTVarTaMg 2 sUm,Ibg¥Üc nigTVark¾mindwgfaKnøwH edattaMgenARtg;kNþalvadUecñaH . eRBaHfaFm’TaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l.

minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäT k¾kMNt;fa

ebHdUg kMNt;edaycMENkénebHdUg enHCakarkMNt;ebHdUgenaH eday sPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg kMNt; ebHdUg edayvNѳCaedImmanRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-110-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

yknM = eføIm tBIenaHeTA k¾kMNt;fa cMeroksac;KU² EdleKsmÁal;fa ykn³ eføIm mankñúgsrIr³ edayvNѳeføImmanBN’Rkhm dUcBN’RsTab;eRkA páakumuTRkhm . edaysNæan eføImmanKl;EtmYycugmYyKU mansNæan dUcpáarlYsp¥úg . k¾eføImrbs;mnusS GñkmanbBaØaGn;fy manEqkmYy b:uEnþFM eføImrbs;mnusSGñkmanbBaØamanEqk 2-3 bu:EnþtUc² . edayTis eføImekItkñúgTisxagelI . eday»kas eføImGaRs½yEpñkxagsþaMehIy sßit enARtg;cenøaHénedaHTaMg2 . kñúgeføImenaHk¾kMNt;fa eføImrEmgmindwgfa vaGaRs½yEpñkxagsþaM enARtg;cenøaHénedaHTaMg 2 sUm,IEpñkxagsþaMenARtg;cenøaHénedaHTaMg 2 enaH k¾mindwgfa eføImGaRs½yva ehIytaMgenA eRbóbdUccMNitsac;Edl BüÜrenAelIqñaMgdI rEmgmindwgfa vaBüÜrenAelIqñaMgdI sUm,IqñaMgdIk¾mindwgfa cMeroksac;BüÜrenAelIvadUecñaH

.

eRBaHfaFm’TaMgenH

evorcakkarRtiHriH

karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . bu:EnþedaybriecäTkMNt;fa eføImkMNt;

edaycMENkéneføIm

cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³

enHCakarkMNt;eføImenaHedaysPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg

.

kMNt;eføIm

edayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-111-

kielamkM = vav tBIenaHeTAk¾kMNt;fa kielamkM vav mankñúgsrIr³enH edayvNѳ vav man 2 RbePTKW RbePTbiT nigRbePTminbiT manBN’s dUcsMBt;cas; . edaysNæan vav mansNæandUc»kasrbs;xøÜn . edayTis vavekItkñúgTis TaMg 2 eday»kas vav RbePTbiTh‘umB½T§ebHdUgpg nigtRmgbsSav³pgehIy taMgenA vav RbePTminbiTh‘umsac;eRkamEs,kTUTaMgsrIr³ehIytaMgenA . bNþavavTaMgenaH kMNt;fa vavrEmgmindwgfa vaRtÚvh‘umB½T§ebHdUg nigtRmgbsSav³ nigh‘umB½T§sac;eRkamEs,kTUTaMgsrIr³ sUm,IebHdUg nig tRmgbsSav³ nigsac;TUTaMgsrIr³ k¾rEmgmindwgfa vaRtÚvvavh‘umB½T§Edr eRbóbdUcCasac;EdlRtÚvsMBt;cas;h‘umB½T§

sMBt;cas;k¾rEmgmindwgfa

vah‘umB½T§sac; sUm,Isac;k¾rEmgmindwgfa vaRtÚvsMBt;cas;h‘umB½T§dUecñaH . eRBaHfaFm’TaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmn buKÁl . edaybriecäTk¾kMNt;fa vavxageRkamkMNt;edaysac; xagelI kMNt;edayEs,k xagTTwgkMNt;edaycMENkénvav enHCakarkMNt;vav TaMgenaH edaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk; enaHÉg . karkMNt;vavedayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-112-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

bihkM = RkBH

tBIenaHeTAk¾kMNt;fa edayvNѳ RkBHxagkñúgsrIr³ manBN’exov manBN’dUcpáaKnÞIs¬1¦eRkom. edaysNæan PaKeRcInRkBHmansNæan dUcGNþatkUneKaexµA minB½T§KñaRbmaN 7 Fñab; . edayTis RkBHekItkñúg TisxagelI . eday»kas RkBHtaMgenAxageqVgénebHdUg GaRs½yEpñk xagelIépÞeBaH

.

kalecjmkxageRkA

eRBaHRtÚvRbharedayeRKÓg

RbharstVk¾Gs;CIvit . kñúgRkBHenaHk¾kMNt;fa RkBHrEmgmindwgfavaGaRs½yEpñkxagelI épÞeBaH sUm,IEpñkxagelIépÞeBaH k¾rEmgmindwgfa RkBHGaRs½yvaehIy taMgenA eRbóbdUcduMGacm_eKa GaRs½yenAxagelIeBaHehIytaMgenA rEmg mindwgfa vaGaRs½yxagelIeBaHehIytaMgenA sUm,IEpñkxagelIéneBaHk¾ mindwgfa duMGacm_eKaGaRs½yenAelIvadUecñaH eRBaHfaFm’TaMgenaH evorcak karRtiHriH kMNt;fa

karBicarNa

CaFm’

.l.

minEmnbuKÁl

RkBHkMNt;edaycMENkénRkBH

.

edaybriecäT

enHCakarkMNt;RkBHenaH

edaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt; edayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH . 1-GPiFanb,TIbika TMB½r 234 fa niKÁúNÐi ERbfa edImKnÞIs . Etbidkelx 73 TMB½r 140 niKÁNÐi ERbfa eQIePøIg . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-113-

b)ösM = sYt tBIenaHeTAk¾kMNt;fa edayvNѳ sYtmanRbePTcMeroksac; 32 cMerokxagkñúgsrIr³ BN’RkhmdUcEpølVaesÞIrTuM . edaysNæan sYtman sNæandUcnMEdlkat;minesµI

GacarümYyBYkeBalfa

mansNæandUc

KMnrduM\dæsRmab;Rbk; dUecñHk¾man . sYtenaHminmanrs minman»C³ dUc cMebIg EdlstVTMBasIuehIy eRBaHRtÚvb:HcMhayekþA]Nð² EdlekItBIkmµ EdlhuyeLIg eRBaHminmanGaharEdlTMBa Edlelb . edayTis sYt ekItkñúgTisxagelI eday»kas sYttaMgsMyugcuH»n RkesabebHdUg nig eføIm Rtg;cenøaHedaHTaMg 2 xagkñúgsrIr³ . bNþasYtenaHk¾kMNt;fa sYtrEmgmindwgfa vataMgBüÜrRtg;cenøaH edaHTaMg 2 xagkñúgsrIr³ sUm,IedaHTaMg 2 kñúgsrIr³k¾mindwgfa sYttaMg BüÜrkñúgva eRbóbdUcsMbukstVtaMgBüÜrxagkñúgCRgúkcas; rEmgmindwgfa va taMgBüÜrxagkñúgCRgúkcas; sUm,IxagkñúgCRgúkcas;k¾mindwgfa sMbukstV taMgBüÜr kñúgvadUecñaH eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . enHCakarkMNt;sYtenaH edaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt;sYt edayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-114-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

Gnþ GnþM = eBaHevonFM tBIenaHeTAk¾kMNt;fa edayvNѳ eBaHevonFMmanRbEvg 32 htß Carbs;burs bt;Ca 21 pñt; RbEvg 28 htßCarbs;®sþI ehIybt;eTA mk)an 21 pñt; BN’sdUcBN’sárRkÜs b¤kMe)ars . edaysNæan eBaH evonFM mansNæandUcBs; EdleKkat;k,aldak;qVaykñúgføúkQam . eday Tis ekItkñúgTisTaMg 2 . eday»kas eBaHevonFMtaMgenAxagkñúgsrIr³ Edl manreNþAk

nigpøÚveFIVdMeNIrrbs;krIs³¬]c©ar³¦CaTIbMput

eRBaHvaCab;nwg

bMBg;kxagelI nigpøÚvlamkkñúgEpñkxageRkam . kñú geBaHevonFMk¾ kMNt;f a eBaHevonFMrEmgmindwg fa vataM genAxag kñúgsrIr³ sUm,IsrIr³k¾mindwgfa eBaHevonFMtaMgenAkñúgva eRbóbdUcragkay stVBs;dac;k,al EdltaMgenAxagkñúgsñÚkQam rEmgmindwgfa vataMg enAkñúgsñÚkQam sUm,IsñÚkQamk¾mindwgfa ragkaystVBs;dac;k,al taMgenAkñúgvadUecñH eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäTk¾kMNt;fa eBaHevonFMkMNt; eday cMENkéneBaHevonFM enHCakarkMNt;eBaHevonFMedaysPaK³ cMENkkar kMNt;edayvisPaK³k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-115-

GnþKuNM = eBaHevontUc tBIenaHeTAk¾kMNt;fa edayvNѳ eBaHevontUckñúgcenøaHeBaHevonFM xagkñúgsrIr³ manBN’sdUcBN’énb£ssÁn; . edaysNæan eBaHevon tUc mansNæandUcb£ssÁn; enaHÉg GacarümYyBYkeBalfa mansNæan dUcTwkenameKadUecñHk¾man . edayTis eBaHevontUcekItkñúgTisTaMg 2 . eday»kas eBaHevontUcB½T§cugmat;cgVayeBaHevonFMrYmKña dUcExSeRKÓg ynþ EdleRKOgynþTaj rbs;nayCageFVIkargarTaMgLay mankarecaH nigkarcaMgCaedIm EdltaMgenAkñúgcgVayeBaHevonFM 21 cgVay dUcExS Edl RkgqVay kñúgcenøaHmNÐlExSCUteCIgtaMgenAExSCUteCIgenaH . kñú geBaHevontUcenaH k¾k MNt;f a eBaHevontUcrEmgmindwgfa vaB½ T§ eBaHevonFM xagkñ úgeBaHevonFM 21 cgV ayTuk sUm,I eBaHevonFM k¾ mi ndwg fa eBaHevontUcB½T§vaTuk eRbóbdUcExS¬tUc¦edatcgVayExSCUteCIg¬ExSFM¦ rEmg mindwgfa vaedatExSCUteCIgTuk sUm,IcgVayExSCUteCIgk¾mindwgfa ExS¬tUc¦ edatvaTukdUecñH . eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenH evokcakkarRtiHriH nigkarBicarNa .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäT k¾kMNt;fa eBaHevontUc kMNt;eday sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-116-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

cMENkéneBaHevontUc enHCakarkMNt;eBaHevontUcedaysPaK³ cMENkkar kMNt; edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt;eBaHevontUc edayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH .

]TriyM = GaharfµI tBIenaHeTAk¾kMNt;fa edayvNѳ GaharfµI manBN’dUcEdlelb cUleTA

edaysNæan

GaharfµI

mansNæandUcGgárEdlcgFUr²kñúg

sMBt;tRmgTwk . edayTis GaharfµIekItkñúgTisxagelI . eday»kas GaharfµItaMgenAxagkñúgépÞeBaH

FmµtaépÞeBaH

manCapÞaMgrbs;eBaHevonFM

e):agxül; EdlekItÉgRtg;kNþalsMBt;esIm EdlRtÚvRc)ac;TaMgsg xag xageRkArelag xagkñúgkkkujedayKMnrsac; dUcsMBt;CUtQamrdUv rbs;®sþI GacarümYyBYkeBalfa dUcxagkñúgénEpøxñúres¶ardUecñHk¾man . kñúg eBaHenaH mandgáÚvepSgedaydgáÚv 32 RtkUly:agenHKW RtkUltekáalk³ ¬xñatEpøRkvaj¦ kNÐúb,aTk³ ¬xñatCenøn¦ talhIrk³ ¬xñatbnøaetñat¦ CaedIm

eRCotebotedjKñadeNþImcMNI

GaRs½yCaRbcaM

kalminman

Gahar manTwk nig)ayCaedIm k¾elatkeRmIkERskrgMt,úlcUlsac;ebH sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-117-

dUg nigeBlmnusSbriePaKGaharcUl manTwk nig)ayCaedImeTA k¾Ebrmux Rbjab;Rbjal;deNIþmGahar 2-3 mat; EdlmnusSelbcUleTARKa dMbUg . ¬eBaH¦enaH k¾køayeTACapÞHkMeNIt manbgÁn; manmnÞIreBTü nigman éRBsµsanrbs;dgáÚvTaMgenaH eRbóbdUcCakñúgsrTrdUvePøógxøaMg² bg¥úrcuH kñúgRsHkxVk; CitTVarRsúkénmnusScNÐal sMNl;epSg² man]c©ar³ bsSav³ cMerokEs,k q¥wg srés Twkmat; TwksMe)ar nigQamCaedIm RtÚv TwknaMykeTA rYmRcbUkRcbl; dUcBag nigTwk k¾manRtkUldgáÚvtUcFMekItÉg knøgeTA 2-3 éf¶ k¾ekþA nigBuHeLIgedayRBHGaTitü BBuHxagelI manBN’ exov

minsmKYrdwgcUleTACit

b¤emIlmincaM)ac;eBaleTAfVIdl;karRsÚb

køin b¤liT§rs man]bmay:agNa Twk nig)ayCaedIm manRbkarepSg² k¾ man]bemyüy:agenaHÉg . GERg KWeFµjbukl¥itehIy éd KWGNþatRKvI RtLb;eTAmkehIy Rcbl;edayTwkmat; R)ascakesckþIRBmedayBN’ køin rs kñúgxN³enaHCaedIm

dUckMGYtkñúgragkaysunx rYmKñaRcbUk

Rcbl;edayesøsµ_ekþA edaykemþAePøIgkñúgeBaH nigkarekþA manRtkUldgáÚv FMtUcbENþtBgeLIgelI k¾køayeTACaKMnrsRmam mankøins¥úy KYrex<Im sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-118-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

y:agéRkElg Edlsþab;ehIyeFIV[mincg;pwkTwk sIu)ayCaedIm mincaM)ac; eBaleTAfVIdl;bBaØackçúenaH . eBaHCaTIkEnøgénTwk nig)ayCaedIm Edl Føak;cuHeTAehIy nwgEbgEckCa 5 cMENk KW 1-sRmab;stVkñúgeBaHsIu 2-sRmab;ePøIgkñúgeBaHduteqH 3-køayeTACabsSav³ 4-k¾køayeTACa]c©ar³ 5-køayeTACa»Cars

EdlTMnukbRmúg]btßmÖdl;ragkaymanQam

nigsac;CaedIm . kñugGaharfµIenaH k¾kMNt;fa GaharfµIrEmgmindwgfa vaenAkñúgeBaH Edlmankøins¥úy KYrex<Imy:agéRkElg sUm,IeBaHk¾mindwgfa GaharfµIenA kñúgva

eRbobdUckMGYtsunx

EdlenAkñúgeBaHsunxKYrex<Imy:agéRkElg

sUm,IeBaHsunxk¾mindwgfa kMGYtsunxenAkñúgvadUecñaH eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäT k¾kMNt;fa

GaharfµIkMNt;edaycMENkénGaharfµI

enHCakarkMNt;

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-119-

GaharfµIenaH edaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwg sk;enaHÉg . karkMNt;GaharfµI edayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBal mkdUecñH .

krIsM= Gaharcas; tBIenaHeTAk¾kMNt;fa edayvNѳ Gaharcas;xagkñúgsrIr³ eday eRcIn

k¾manBN’dUcGaharEdlelbcUleTA

.

edaysNæan

k¾man

sNæandUc»kas edayTis ekItkñúgTisxageRkam eday»kas taMgenA kñúgGahar EdlrmøayehIyenAGaRs½y . Fmµta RbeTsEdlGahar rmøayehIyenAGaRs½yk¾CaRbeTs dUcxagkñúgbMBg;b£sSI nigbbus man km<s;RbmaN 8 Fñab; enAcugeBaHevonFM cenøaHKl;p©it nigq¥wgxñgxageRkam eRbóbdUcTwkePøóg Føak;kñúgTIxagelI ¬x<s;¦ k¾hUrcuHeFIVTIxageRkam ¬Tab¦ [ eBj man]bmay:agNa Twk nig)ayCaedImNamYy EdlFøak;kñúgTIenA rbs;GaharRss;¬fµI¦ rbs;l¥iteTAdUcemSA

EdlePøIgkñúgeBaHdut[q¥inekþAekItCaBgkøayCa eRBaHePøIgFatueFIV[l¥itehIyk¾hUreTAtamRbehag

eBaHevonFM KabRc)ac;snSMTuk dUcdIelOg EdleKdak;kñúgbMBg;b£sSI nig bbus k¾man]bemyüdUecñaHÉg .

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-120-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

kñúgGaharcas;enaH k¾kMNt;fa Gaharcas;rEmgmindwgfa vaenAkñúg TIlMenArbs;GaharEdlrmøayeTAehIy

sUm,ITIlMenArbs;Gaharcas;

EdlrmøayeTAehIy k¾mindwgfa Gaharcas;enAkñúgva eRbóbdUcdIelOg EdleK dak;kñúgbMBg;b£sSI b¤bbus rEmgmindwgfa dIelOgenAkñúgvasUm,I bMBg;b£sSI nigedImbbus k¾mindwgfa dIelOg enAkñúgvadUecñaH . eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäT

k¾kMNt;fa

enHCakarkMNt;

Gaharcas;kMNt;edaycMENkénGaharcas;

Gaharcas;enaHedaysPaK

cMENkkarkMNt;eday

visPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt;Gaharcas; edayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH .

mtßlugÁM = xYrkñúgk,al tBIenaHeTA k¾kMNt;fa edayvNѳ xYrkñúgk,alxagkñúgllad_sIs³ kñú gsrIr ³ manBN’sdUc pSi t . GacarümYyBYkeBalfa manBN’dUc Twk edaHq¥indUecñHk¾man . edaysNæan mansNæandUc»kas edayTis ekIt kñúgTisxagelI eday»kas CaRbePTduMxYrk,al 4 duM EdlGaRs½ykRmg sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

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srés 4 sñam xagkñúgRteLakk,alénsrIr³rYmKña taMgenA dUcduMemSA 4 duM EdleKrYmKñataMgTuk . kñúgxYrk,alenaH k¾kMNt;fa xYrkñúgk,alrEmgmin dwgfa vataMgenAkñúgRteLaksIs³ sUm,IRteLaksIs³ k¾mindwgfa xYrkñúg k,alenAkñúgva eRbóbdUcduMemSA EdleKdak;TukkñúgRteLakeXøakcas; b¤ TwkedaHq¥in rEmgmindwgfa vataMgenAkñúgRteLakeXøakcas; sUm,IRteLakTwkeXøakcas; k¾mindwgfa duMemSAb¤TwkedaHq¥in enAkñúgvadUecñaH . eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäTkMNt;fa xYrkñúgk,alkMNt;eday cMENkénxYrkñúgk,al enH CakarkMNt; xYrk,alenaHedaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt; edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt;xYrkñúgk,al edayvNѳCaedIm man RbkardUceBalmkdUecñH .

bitMþ = Rbmat; tBIenaHeTAkMNt;fa Rbmat;man 2 RbePTKW Rbmat;eRkAeRsam nig Rbmat;kñúgeRsam manBN’dUceRbgRsKMcas; . GacarümYyBYk eBalfa Rbmat;eRkAeRsam mansNæandUcpáafáúleRkóm dUecñHk¾man . edaysNæan sRmab;CaFmµTan

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TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

mansNæandUc»kas . edayTis ekItkñúgTisTaMg 2 . eday»kas Rbmat;eRkAeRsam evorRtg;Rkck eram sk; nigeFµj EdlputBIsac; nig Es,kEdlrwgs¶ÜtehIy RCabcUlsrIr³ cMENkd¾ess dUcdMNk;eRbg RCabcUlTwk kalkeRmIkehIy EkvEPñknwgelOg vilmux j½rxøÜn nigrmas; . Rbmat;kñúgeRsam taMgenAkñúgeRsamTwkRbmat; EdldUcsMbknenagéRBFM GaRs½ysac;eføImtaMgenAkñúgcenøaHebHdUg nigsYt kalkeRmIkehIy stV TaMgLay nwgqáÜtmancitþvibløas lHbg;hiri»tþb,³ eFIVkarEdlminKYreFIV niyayBaküEdlminKYrniyay KitesckþIEdlminKYrKit . kñúgRbmat;enaH k¾kMNt;fa Rbmat;eRkAeRsam rEmgmindwgfa vaRCab RKb;srIr³ sUm,IsrIr³ k¾mindwgfa Rbmat;eRkAeRsamRCabelIva eRbóbdUc eRbgRCabelITwk rEmgmindwgfa vaRCabelITwk sUm,ITwkk¾mindwgfa eRbgRCab elIvadUecñaH . Rbmat;kñúgeRsam k¾rEmgmindwgfa vaenAkñúgeRsamTwkRbmat; sUm,IeRsamTwkRbmat;k¾mindwgfa

Rbmat;kñúgeRsamenAkñúgva

eRbóbdUcTwk

ePøóg EdlenAkñúgsMbknenagéRB rEmgmindwgfa vaenAkñúgsMbknenagéRB sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

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sUm,IsMbknenagéRB k¾mindwgfa TwkePøógenAkñúgvadUecñaH . eRBaHfa Fm’ TaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . eday briecäT k¾kMNt;fa Rbmat;kMNt;edaycMENkénRbmat; enHCakarkMNt; Rbmat;enaHedaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk; enaHÉg . karkMNt;Rbmat;edayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH .

esmð esmðM=esøs_µ tBIenaHeTA k¾kMNt;fa edayvNѳ esøsµ_manRbmaN 1 )aRt kñúg srIr³ manBN’s dUcBN’énsøwkxøúg . edaysNæan mansNæan dUc »kas . edayTis ekItkñúgTisxagelI . eday»kas taMgenAkñúgépÞeBaH . kñúgevlabriePaKTwk nigePaCnCaedIm kalTwk nigePaCnCaedImFøak;cuH k¾ EbkecjCa 2 cMENk ehIyRtLb;mkRKbeTot kalmantic épÞeBaHk¾ mankøindUcsaksBKYrex<Imy:agéRkElg dUck,alexµac dUcBgman;s¥úy eRbóbdUcsaraykñúgTwk kalcMerokeQI b¤k¾ek,ÓgFøak; k¾dac;Ca 2 cMENk ehIyk¾RtLb;mkRkesabeTotdUecñaH . karePIkþI niyaykþI k¾mankøins¥úy dUcsaksBs¥úyedaykøin EdlPayeLIgBIeBaHenaH ehIymnusSenaH k¾ RtÚveKniyayedjfa ecjeTAÉgmankøinminl¥ kalesøsµ_kkBUnRkas; eLIg k¾CYyrm¶ab;køins¥úy taMgenAkñúgeBaHenaHÉg dUckþarbiTbgÁn; . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

kñúgesøsµ_enaH k¾kMNt;fa esøsµ_rEmgmindwgfa vaenAkñúgeBaH sUm,I eBaHk¾mindwgfa esøsµ_enAkñúgva eRbóbdUcBgenAelIRsHkxVk; rEmgmindwg fava enAkñúgRsHkxVk; sUm,IRsHkxVk; k¾mindwgfa BgenAelIvadUecñaH . eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmn buKÁl . edaybriecäT k¾kMNt;fa esøsµ_kMNt;edaycMENkénesøsµ_enH CakarkMNt;esøsµ_enaHedaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾ dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt;esøsµ_edayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUc eBalmkdUecñH .

bueBV eBVa=xÞúH

tBIenaHeTAk¾kMNt;fa edayvNѳ xÞúHmanBN’dUcsøwkeQIelOg . edaysNæan mansNæandUc»kas . edayTis ekItkñúgTisTaMg 2 . eday»kas Fmµta»kasrbs;xÞúHtaMgenARbcaMmin)an . xÞúHtaMgenAkñúgsrIr³ kalRtÚvdgÁt; bnøa eRKÓgRbhar b¤GNþatePøIgCaedIm Bal;RtÚvehIyk¾ecj Qam b¤ekItbUs nigduMBkCaedIm xÞúHk¾mankñúgTIenaH² . kñúgxÞúHenaH k¾kMNt;fa xÞúHrEmgmindwgfa vataMgenAkñúgkEnøgEdlRtÚv dgÁt; b¤bnøaCaedImBal;RtÚv b¤kñúgkEnøgEdlekItbUs nigduMBkCaedIm kñúgTI sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

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enaH² énsrIr³ sUm,IkEnøgsrIr³k¾mindwgfa xÞúHenAkñúgva eRbóbdUcC½reQIEdl hUrecj taMgenAkñúgTIRtÚvmuxBUefACaedIm ecaHkñúgTIenaH² rbs;edImeQI rEmgmindwgfa vataMgenAkñúgTIRtÚvecaHrbs;edImeQI sUm,ITIRtÚvecaHrbs; edImeQI k¾mindwgfa C½rtaMgenAkñúgvadUecñaH . eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenaH evorcak karRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäTkMNt;fa xÞúHkMNt;edaycMENkénxÞúH enHCakarkMNt;xÞúHenaHedaysPaK³ cMENk karkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt;xÞúHedayvNѳ CaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH .

elahitM= Qam tBIenaHeTA Qam man 2 y:agKW snñicitelahit ¬Qamkk¦ nig sMsrNelahit ¬Qamrav¦ . k¾kMNt;snñicitelahitmun edayvNѳ manBN’ dUcC½rekþAkk sMsrNelahit manBN’dUcC½reBlføa . eday sNæan QamRKb;y:ag mansNæandUc»kasrbs;xøÜn . edayTis Qamkk sßitenATisxagelI QamravekItenATisTaMgBIr . eday»kas QamravpSayeTARKb;srIr³TaMgGs; én])aTinñkstVtamlMGan énsrés sRmab;CaFmµTan

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TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

Qam evorElgEtsk; eram nigeFµjEdlputcaksac; nigEs,kEdlrwg nigs¶Üt . Qamkk eFIVcMENkeRkamrbs;eføIm[eBj ehIyeFIVdMNk; Qam[Faøk;bnþic² elIebHdUgtRmgbsSav³ nigsYtRbmaNeBjmYyTUkéd eFI V e bHdU g tRmgbsSav³ ni g sY t [esI m kalmi neFI V e bHdU g ni g tRmg bsSav³ eføImCaedIm[esIm stVTaMgLaynwgeRskTwk . kñúgQam k¾kMNt;fa QamrEmgmindwgfa vaeFIVebHdUg nigtRmg bsSav³CaedIm[esIm ehIytaMgenARtg;cMENkxageRkaménefIøm sUm,IRtg; ebHdUg nigtRmgbsSav³CaedIm k¾mindwgfa QamtaMgenAkñúgva b¤eFIV[va esImtaMgenA eRbóbdUcTwkEdlenAkñúgPaCn³cas;² eFIVduMdICaedIm xageRkam [esIm sUm,IPaCn³cas;² b¤k¾duMdIxageRkam k¾mindwgfa TwkenAkñúgva b¤eFIV va[esImdUecñaH . eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäTkMNt;fa QamkMNt;eday cMENkénQam enHCakarkMNt;QamedaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;eday vi sPaK³ k¾ dU c Kñ a nw g sk; e naHÉg . karkM N t; Q amedayvNÑ ³ CaedI m RbkardUceBalmkdUecñH . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

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eseTa = ejIs

tBIenaHeTA k¾kMNt;fa edayvNѳ ejIskñúgsrIr³ manBN’dUc

eRbgl¶føa . edaysNæan mansNæandUc»kas . edayTis ekItkñúg TisTaMg2 . eday»kas FmµtaejIsminecjRKb;eBleT . bu:EnþRbsinebI

ejIsecjRKb;kal b¤eRBaHehtuevlaNaEdlsrIr³ekþA edaykemþAePøIg BnøWéf¶ nigrdUvvibritCaedIm evlaenaH ejIshUrecjcakRKb;reNþAsk; nig

rn§eram dUcTwkkñúgRkªQUk nigFagQUk Edlkat;minesµIlµmelIkeLIg

putBITwkdUecñaH . RBHeyaKavacr eTIbkMNt;ejIsenaH edaysNæan

edayrn§sk; nigreNþAeramb:ueNÑaH . buBVacarüTaMgLayeBalTukfa Edl

RBHeyaKavacr kMNt;ykejIsCaGarmµN_ Kb,IeFVITukkñúgcitþ ejIseday ejIs eFIVrn§sk; nigreNþAeram[eBjehIytaMgenA .

kñúgejIsenaHk¾kMNt;fa ejIsrEmgmindwgfa vahUrecjGMBIrn§sk;

nigreNþAeram sUm,Irn§sk; nigreNþAeram k¾mindwgfa ejIshUrecjBIva

eRbóbdUcTwkEdlhUrecjBIRbehagRkªQUk nigFagQUk sUm,IRkªQUk nigFagQUk k¾mindwgfa TwkhUrecjBIvadUecñaH . eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenH evor

cakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäT kMNt;fa ejIskMNt;edaycMENkénejIs . enHCakarkMNt;ejIsenaH edaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt;ejIs edayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

emeTa = xøaj;xab; tBIenaHeTA k¾kMNt;fa edayvNѳ xøaj;xab;enAcenøaHEs,k nigsac; kñú gsrIr ³ manBN’dUcremot . edaysNæa n mansNæ a ndUc»kas . EmnBit sRmab;mnusSFat; Edlmanxøaj;xab;pSayeTAcenøaHEs,k nig sac; mansNæandUcsMBt;sMbkeQIcas;RClk;remot sRmab;mnusS sÁm xøaj;xab;GaRs½ysac;sµg sac;eCIg sac;GaRs½yq¥wgxñg nigsac; xñg nigsac;eBaHrYmTuk mansNæandUcsMBt;sMbkeQIcas;RClk;remot EdleKrYtdak;Tuk . edayTis ekItkñúgTisTaMg 2 . eday»kas xøaj; xab;sRmab;mnusSFat;pSayeTATUTaMgsrIr³ sRmab;mnusSsÁm GaRs½y sac;q¥wgxñgCaedIm k¾KWxøaj;s¥it minEmnrYtTukedIm,ICaeRbgkñúgk,al min EmnCaeRbgkñúgRsÚv minEmnedIm,ICaRbTIb ¬cegáóg¦ eRBaHCarbs;KYrex<Im y:agéRkElg . kñúgxøaj;xab;enaHkMNt;fa xøaj;xab;rEmgmindwgfa vaGaRs½yenA TUTaMgsrIr³ b¤sac; sµgCaedImtaMgenA sUm,ITUTaMgsrIr³ b¤sac;sµgCaedIm k¾mindwgfa

xøaj;xab;GaRs½yvataMgenA

eRbóbdUcsMBt;sMbkeQIcas;

RClk;remot EdlEp¥kelIKMnrsac; rEmgmindwgfa vadak;Ep¥kelIKMnrsac; sUm,IKMnrsac; k¾mindwgfa sMBt;sMbkeQIcas;RClk;remot Ep¥kelIva sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

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dUecñaH . eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäTkMNt;fa xøaj;xab;xageRkamkMNt;eday sac;

xagelIkMNt;edayEs,k

edayCuMvijkMNt;edaycMENkénxøaj;

xab; . enHCakarkMNt;xøaj;xab;enaHedaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;eday visPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt;xøaj;xab; edayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH .

GsSú =TwkEPñk tBIenaHeTAkMNt;fa TwkEPñkmanBN’dUceRbgl¶føa edaysNæan mansNæandUc»kas . edayTis ekItkñúgTisTaMgBIrxag . eday»kas taMgenAkñúgRbehagEPñk . k¾TwkEPñkenaH minkkenAkñúgRbehagEPñkRKb;kal dUcTwkRbmat;kñúgeRsamTwkRbmat;eT . kMNt;)any:agNaeTA kalNa stVTaMgLay ekItesamnsS eRtkGr k¾esIcxøaMg ekIteTamnsS tUccitþ k¾yMt¥ÚjEt¥r

b¤briePaKGaharhwrk¾dUcKña

nigkalNaEPñkTaMgsgxag

rbs;stVTaMgenaH RtÚvEpSglm¥gFUlICaedImb:H kalenaHTwkEPñkekIteLIg eRBaHesamnsS eTamnsS nigGaharhwrCaedIm k¾júaMgTwkEPñkeBjtam RbehagEPñk elakGacarüTaMgLayeBalfa RBHeyaKavacrkMNt;ykTwkEPñk CaGarmµN_ sUm,IeFVITukkñúgcitþfa TwkEPñkenaHKWTwkEPñkkñúgreNþAEPñkenaHÉg . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

kñú gTwkEPñkenaHk¾k MNt;f a TwkEPñk rEmgmindw gfa vataMgenAkñ úg RbehagEPñk sUm,IRbehagEPñk k¾mindwgfa TwkEPñkenAkñúgva eRbobdUcTwk EdlenAkñúgRKab;Epøetñatx©Ikat;cug

rEmgmindwgfa

vataMgenAkñúgRbehag

RKab;Epøetñatx©Ikat;cug sUm,IRbehagRKab;Epøetñatx©Ikat;cug k¾mindwgfa Twk enAkñúgvadUecñaH eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäTkMNt;fa TwkEPñkkMNt; edaycMENk énTwkEPñk

enHCakarkMNt;TwkEPñkenaHedaysPaK³

cMENkkarkMNt;

edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt;TwkEPñkedayvNѳCa edIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH .

vsa = xøaj;rav tBIenaHeTAkMNt;fa edayvNѳ xøaj;rav KWxøaj;EdlrlaykñúgsrIr³ manBN’dUceRbgEdlcak;kñúg)aykþaMg . edaysNæan mansNæandUc »kas . edayTis ekItkñúgTisTaMg 2 . eday»kas taMgenAelI)atéd xñgéd )ateCIg xñgeCIg xÞg;RcmuH f¶as nigcgáÜysµa . bu:Enþxøaj;ravenaH min rlay taMgenAkñúg»kasTaMgenaHRKb;eBleT . ehtudUcemþceTA kalNa kEnøgTaMgenaH ekItkñúgcMhayekþA eRBaHminRtÚvKñanwgkemþAePøIg BnøWéf¶ rdUv

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

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nigFatuEdlminRtÚvKña kalenaHxøaj;rav k¾nwgrlayRCabeTAkñúgkEnøgenaH dUcTwksenSImkñúg GNþÚgEdlmanTwkføa . kñúgxøaj;ravk¾kMNt;fa xøaj;ravrEmgmindwgfa vaCn;enAtam)atédCa edIm sUm,I)atédCaedIm k¾mindwgfaxøaj;ravCn;kñúgva eRbóbdUcTwksenSIm EdlCn;kñúgRsH rEmgmindwgfa vaCn;kñúgRsH sUm,IRsHk¾mindwgfa Twk senSImCn;kñúgvadUecñaH . eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäTkMNt;fa xøaj;ravkMNt;eday cMENkénxøaj;rav enHCakarkMNt;xøaj;ravenaHedaysPaK³ cMENkkar kMNt; edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt; xøaj;raveday vNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH .

exeLa = Twkmat; tBIenaHeTAkMNt;fa edayvNѳ Twkmat;xagkñúgmat; kñúgsrIr³ BN’ dUcBN’BBuHTwk . edaysNæan mansNæan dUc»kas . GacarümYy BYkeBalfa mansNæandUcBBuHTwksmuRT dUecñHk¾man . edayTisekIt kñúgTisxagelI

.

eday»kas

hUrcuHcakf<al;TaMgsgxagtaMgenARtg;

GNþat . bu:EnþTwkmat;enaH minsnSMtaMgenARtg;f<al;enaHRKb;kaleTAeT

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

ehtuGIVeTA? kalNastVTaMgLayeXIj b¤rlwkdl;GahardUecñaH b¤dak; rbs;ekþA rbs;lIVg hwr éRb nigCUrGIVmü:agkñúgmat;

nigkalNaebHdUg

rbs;stVTaMgenaH minsb,ay b¤ekItkarehveLIgkñúgkalxøH kalenaH Twkmat;k¾ekIt hUrcakf<al;TaMgsgxag taMgenARtg;GNþat . bu:Enþcug GNþat Twkmat;enaHesþIgRtg;Kl;GNþatRkas; k¾RtEb: b¤rbs;suIdéT² GIVmü:ag EdleKdak;kñúgmat; nwgminTan;rlayeTAdUcTwkkñúgRsH EdlCIk elIxSac;Ek,rmat;Tenø kalenaHTwkmat;GaceFIVrbs;suI[esIm . kñúgTwkmat;enaHk¾kMNt;fa

Twkmat;rEmgmindwgfa

vahUrecjGMBI

f<al; TaMgsgxagtaMgenARtg;épÞGNþat sUm,IépÞGNþat k¾mindwgfa Twk mat;hUrecjGMBIf<al;sgxagtaMgenAkñúgva

eRbóbdUcTwkEdltaMgenAkñúg

RsH EdleKCIkxSac;Ek,rTenø rEmgmindwgfa vataMgenAelIépÞRsH sUm,IépÞ RsHk¾mindwgfa TwkenAkñúgvadUecñaH . eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäTkMNt;fa Twkmat; kMNt; edaycMENkénTwkmat; enHCakarkMNt;Twkmat;enaH edaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt;Twk mat; edayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH. sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

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sigÇaNika = TwksMe)ar tBIenaHeTAk¾kMNt;fa edayvNѳ TwksMe)ar manBN’s dUcBN’ snÞHetñatx©I . edaysNæan mansNæandUc»kas GacarümYyBYkeBal fa

mansNæandUcBnøkepþA

EdleKdak;Cab;tKña

et,ót²cUleTAkñúg

RbehagRcmuHdUecñaHk¾man . edayTis ekItkñúgTisxagelI . eday»kas sMe)arenAeBjRcmuH b:uEnþfa TwksMe)arenaH minsnSMenAkñúgRbehagRcmuH RKb;kaleT ehtuGIVeTA? bursx©b;TwkedaHCUrTukkñúgsøwkQUk ykbnøaecaH søwkQUk xageRkamTIenaH duMTwkedaHCUr k¾nwghUrecjcakRbehagenaH Føak; cuHmkeRkA

man]bmay:agNa

kalNastVTaMgLayyM

b¤ekItFatu

keRmIk edayGahar nigrdUv EdlminRtÚvKña kalenaH xøaj;kñúgk,alEdl køayCaesøsµ_

ehIyhUrecjBIk,altamRbehagelIBitanmat;enAeBj

RcmuH dUecñaHdUcKña . kñúgTwksMe)arenaHkMNt;fa

TwksMe)arrEmgmindwgfa

vaenAkñúg

RbehagRcmuH sUm,IRbehagRcmuHk¾mindwgfa TwksMe)arenAkñúgva eRbóbdUc TwkedaHCUr EdleKdak;kñúgRbehagxüg rEmgmindwgfa vaenAkñúgRbehagxüg sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-134-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

sUm,IRbehagxüg k¾mindwgfa TwkedaHCUrenAkñúgvadUecñaH . eRBaHfa Fm’TaMg enaH evorcakkarRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . eday briecäT kMNt;faTwksMe)ar

kMNt;edaycMENkénTwksMe)ar enHCakar

kMNt;TwksMe)arenaHedaysPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUc Kñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt;TwksMe)aredayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUc eBalmkdUecñH .

lsika = TwkrMGil tBIenaHeTA k¾ kMNt; fa saksBEdlrGilekIt kñ úgxagkñú gTIt énsrIr³ xagkñúgsrIr³ eQµaHfa TwkrMGil . edayvNѳTwkrMGilenaH man BN’dUcC½redImkNikar . edaysNæan mansNæan dUc»kas . eday Tis ekItkñúgTisTaMg 2 . eday»kas [seRmckic© KWnaTICadMNk;eRbg Edl ténq¥wgTaMgLay taMgenAxagkñúgTIt 180 kEnøg . TwkrMGilenaH rbs;Gñk Namantic GñkenaH eRkakeLIg GgÁúycuH QanedIreTAxagmux fymkxag eRkay p¶aréd latéd q¥wgTaMgLayk¾lan;B¤ edIreTAk¾dUceFIVsMeLgpÞat;Rmam edIrpøÚvq¶ayeTA)ansUm,I 1 eyaCn_ 2 eyaCn_ vaeyaFatuk¾keRmIk ¬xül;¦ sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

xøÜnk¾lM)ak

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cMENkTwkrMGilrbs;GñkNamaneRcIn GñkenaHq¥wgTaMgLay

k¾minlan;B¤kubkab; kñúgxN³eRkakeLIg nigGgÁúycuHCaedIm sUm,IedIrpøÚvyUr² vaeyaFatuk¾minkeRmIk xøÜnk¾minlM)ak . kñúgTwkrMGilenaHk¾kMNt;fa TwkrMGilrEmgmindwgfa vabnþk;eRbgkñúg TIt 180 kEnøg sUm,ITI t 180 kEnøg k¾mindwgfa Rsk;dMNk;eRbgenAelI va eRbóbdUceRbgbnþk;ePøArf rEmgmindwgfa vabnþk;eRbgePøArf sUm,IePøArf k¾mindwgfa dMNk;eRbgenaH enAelIvadUecñaH . eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenaH evorcak karRtiHriH karBicarNa CaFm’ .l. minEmnbuKÁl . edaybriecäTkMNt;fa TwkrMGilkMNt;edaycMENkénTwkrMGil enHCakarkMNt;TwkrMGilenaH eday sPaK³ cMENkkarkMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . kar kMNt;TwkrMGiledayvNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH .

mutþM = TwkmURt ¬bsSav³¦ tBIenaHeTAkMNt;fa edayvNѳ TwkmURtxagkñúgsrIr³ manBN’ dUc Twkk,úgsENþkraCmas . edaysNæan mansNæandUcTwk EdlenAkñúg qñaMgTwkeBjedayTwk EdleKdak;páab;mat; . edayTis ekItkñúgTisxag sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-136-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

eRkam . eday»kas taMgenAkñúgtRmgbsSav³ . fg;bsSav³ elakehA fatRmgbsSav³ eRbóbdUcrsTwkkxVk;rEmgcUleTAkñúgqñaMg Edlminmanmat; EdleKdak;kñúgRsHkxVk; pøÚvcUlrbs;rsTwkkxVk;enaH minR)akdy:agNa TwkmURtcUlkñúgsrIr³

GMBIpøÚvcUleTArbs;TwkmURtenaHminR)akd

cMENk

pøÚvecjbu:eNÑaHR)akd . kñúgTwkmURtenaHk¾kMNt;fa TwkmURtrEmgmindwgfa vaenAkñúgtRmgbsSav³ sUm,ItRmgbsSav³ k¾mindwgfa TwkmURttaMgenAkñúgva eRbóbdUcrs TwkkxVk; EdleKdak;kñúgRsHkxVk; rEmgmindwgfa vaenAkñúgqñaMgeRCAEdlmin manmat; sUm,IqñaMgeRCAk¾mindwgfa rsTwkkxVk;enAkñúgvadUecñaH . eRBaHfa Fm’TaMgenaH evorcakkarKit nigkarBicarNa .l. minEmnbuKÁl . eday briecäTkMNt;fa cMENkénTwkmURt

TwkmURtkMNt;edaycMENkéntRmgbsSav³ enHCakarkMNt;TwkmURtenaHedaysPaK³

eRBaHfa cMENkkar

kMNt;edayvisPaK³ k¾dUcKñanwgsk;enaHÉg . karkMNt;TwkmURt eday vNѳCaedIm manRbkardUceBalmkdUecñH . karkMNt;Gakar³ 32 Rbkar edayBN’CaedIm cb;Etb:ueNÑH . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-137-

eRBaHGaRs½ykarRbkberOy²nUvPavna karceRmIn TVtþigSakarenaH² TVtþigSakarmansk;CaedIm k¾rEmgsÞat;CMnaj R)akdc,as;nUvekadæas³ Ca cMENk²dl;RBHeyaKavcrenaH EdlkMNt;TVtþigSakarenH edayvNѳ Ca edImedayRbkardUecñH . tBIenaHeTA bursEdlmanEkvEPñkBinitüemIlPYgmal½yénpáaTaMgLayEdlman 32 BN’ EdlRkgedayGMe)aHEtmYy srés páaRKb;páa k¾rEmgR)akdminmunmineRkaydUecñaH kalRBHeyaKavcr RkeLkemIlnUvkayenHedaystifa kñúgkayenHmansk;CaedIm Fm’BYk enaHTaMgGs; rEmgCakarR)akdminmun mineRkayk¾y:agenaHEdr . sti EdltaMgeLIgkñúgsk;TaMgLay Edlnwkdl;rEmgRbRBwtþeTArhUtdl;Twk mURttaMgEtBIenaHeTAmnusS nigtircäanCaedIm EdledIreTAmknwglHGakar³ fastVR)akdc,as;GMBIKMnrénekadæas³bu:eNÑaH dl;RBHeyaKavcrenaH Twk nigePaCnedImEdlstVTaMgenaHbriePaKk¾R)akdc,as;dUcdak;eTAkñúgekadæas³ . kñúgesckþIenH

GñksYreBalfa

kalebIdUecñaH

RBHeyaKavcrenH

Kb,IeFIVGIVtBIenaHeTA? sUmeBalBnül;dUecñH nimitþenaHÉg EdlRBHeyaKavcr Kb,IesB Kb,IceRmIn Kb,Ie FI V[eRcI n Kb,I kMNt;[CakarkMNt; sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-138-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

edayl¥ . sYrfa RBHeyaKavcrenH esB ceRmInnimitþenaH eFIV[eRcIn kMNt;[CakarkMNt;edayl¥ y:agNa? eqøIyfa tamBit RBHeyaKavcrenH esBnimitþ

EdlTVtþigSakar

mansk;CaedImR)akdmanedayekadæasenaH

rEmgcgKYb cUleTACitedaysti [TajbnÞb; KWsti b¤eFIVstiEdl)an kñúgnimitþenaH [lUtlas; elakehAfa ceRmInnimitþenaH . esckþIfaeFIV[ eRcIn )andl;eFIVnimitþenaH[jy² [Rbkbedaysti Edlvitká³ nigvicar³ Bal;RtÚvehIy . esckþIfa kMNt;[CakarkMNt;edayl¥ )andl;nimitþ EdlCakarkMNt;edayl¥ min)at;eTAedayRbkarNa RBHeyaKavcr rEmg kMNt;cUleTATTYl cUleTAcgnimitþenaHedaysti edayRbkardUecñH . mü:ageTot mnsikarekaslü karqøatkñúgmnsikarNa EdleBal TukBImun 10 y:agenHKW1 edaylMdab; 2 edayminelOneBk 3 eday minyUreBk 4 edaykarBarkarraymay 5 edaykarknøgbBaØtþ 6 eday beNþaylMdab; 7 edaylkçN³ 8-9-10 sURtTaMg 3 kñúgmnsikarekaslüenaH Kb,IRCabfa RBHeyaKavcreFIVTukkñúgcitþ edaylMdab;eQµaHfa esB . mnsikaredayminelOneBk nigedayminyUreBk eQµaHfa ceRmIn mnsikaredaykarBaresckþIraymay eQµaHfa kareFIV[eRcIn mnsikar edaykarknøgbBaØtþCaedIm eQµaHfa kMNt;[CakarkMNt;edayl¥ . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-139-

kñúgesckþIenH GñksYreBalfa RBHeyaKavcrenH eFIVTukkñúgFm’TaMg enH edaymnsikarekaslü

manedaylMdab;CaedImy:agNa

.

sUm

Bnül;dUecñH tamBitRBHeyaKavcrenH eFIVTukkñúgcitþnUvsk; ehIylMdab; BIenaH k¾eFVITukkñúgcitþnUveram nigmineFVITukkñúgcitþnUvRkckeT dUcKñay:agenaH RBHeyaKavcr eFVITukkñúgcitþnUveram bnÞab;BIenaH mkeFVITukkñúgcitþnUvRkck mineFVITukkñúgcitþnUveFµjeT . kñúgGakar³ TaMgGs;enaH k¾n½yenH eRBaH ehtuGIV?

eRBaHfaRBHeyaKavcr

kaleFIVTukkñúgcitþxuslMdab;

k¾mancitþ

lM)ak Føak;eTAcakTVtþigSakarPavnaceRmInPavna minseRmc eRBaHmin)an GsSaT³ esckþIrIkrayEdlKYr)an edayPavnasm,tiþ eRbóbdUcbursmin qøateLIgkaMCeNþIr 32 kaM xuslMdab;k¾lM)akkay rEmgFøak;BIkaMCeNþIr EdlxøÜneLIg minseRmckareLIgdUecñH . mü:ageTot RBHeyaKavcr sUm,IeFIVTukkñúgcitþedaylMdab; k¾kareFIV Tukkñugcitþminrh½seBkfa eksa elamaCaedIm . eRBaHfa RBHeyaKavcr kaleFIVTukkñúgcitþrh½seBk k¾minGackMNt;BN’ nigsNæanCaedIm Edl putcakTVtþigSakar tBIenaH k¾minQøaskñúgTVtþigSakar kmµdæank¾sUnüeTA eRbóbdUcburskMBugeFIVdMeNIrpøÚvq¶ay minGackMNt;pøÚvrab pøÚvrlak; edIm

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

eQI TITYl TIRkLúk pøÚvEbkCaBIrCaedIm EdleTAputBIpøÚvenaHk¾minQøas kñúgpøÚv karedIrpøÚvq¶ayGs;eTAdUecñH .

mü:ageTot RBHeyaKavcr eFIVTukkñúgcitþedayminrh½seBk y:agNa

k¾kareFIVTukkñúgcitþ RBHeyaKavcr

sUm,IedayminyWtyUreBkk¾y:agenaH

kaleFVITukkñúgcitþyWtyUreBk

.

.

k¾mindl;kar

eRBaHfa seRmc

TVtþigSakarPavna bu:Enþnwgdl;karpøas;bþÚredaykamvitká³CaedIm kñúg cenøaH eRBaHdac;Pavna eRbóbdUcbursedIrpøÚvq¶ay RtÚvsÞak;esÞIrenAÉedIm eQI PñM nigRtBaMgCaedImkñúgcenøaHpøÚv k¾mindl;tMbn;tambMNg bu:Enþdl;karvinas edaysigð eta nigxøa CaedImkñúgcenøaHpøÚvenaHdUecñaH . mü:ageTot RBHeyaKavcr sUm,IeFIVTukkñúgcitþedayminyWtyUreBk k¾ rEmgeFIVTukkñúgcitþ edIm,IedaykarBaresckþIraymay RBHeyaKavcrrEmg eFIVTuk kñúgcitþedayRbkarEdlminraymay eRBaHkargardéT² mankargar nvkmµ karksagCaedIm . RBHeyaKavcrEdlmancitþraymayeTAxageRkA mankarRtiHriHéncitþ mintaMgmaMkñúgTVtþigSakar mansk;CaedIm k¾mindl;kar seRmcPavna

dl;karvinaseTAkñúgcenøaHpøÚvenaHÉg

dUcsmøaj;rbs;

RBHeBaFistV rEmgdl;nUvesckþIvinas kñúgkareFIVdMeNIreTARkúgtkásila sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

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cMENkRBHeyaKavcr Edlmancitþminraymay mankarRtiHriHéncitþtaMgmaM kñúgTVtþigSakarmansk;CaedIm k¾dl;karseRmcPavna dUcRBHeBaFistVdl; nUvkarseRmcénraCsm,tþikñúgRkúgtkásiladUecñHEdr . Fm’TaMgenaH rEmg seRmcedayGsuP³ edayBN’ b¤edayPav³TeT edayGMNac)armIcriya

nigkarbeg¥ancitþeCOrbs;RBHeyaKavcrenaH

EdleFIVTukkñúgcitþ

edaykarkarBar esckþIraymayedayRbkardUecñH . mü:ageTot RBHeyaKavcr eFIVTukkñúgcitþTaMgenaH edaykarknøgbBaØtþ . esckþIfa edaykarknøgbBaØtþ )andl;kareFIVTukkñúugcitþ edayknøg KWkar lHbg;nUvevaharCaedImy:agenHfa eksa elama ehIyeFVITukkñúgcitþ eday GsuP³CaedIm tamEdlR)akdehIy . kareFIVTukkñúgcitþy:agNa ? eRbób dUc mnusSTaMgLay EdlcUleTAGaRs½ykñúgéRB eFIVeRKOgsmÁal; eday kac;EmkeQICaedIm edIm,IsmÁal;TIEdlmanTwk eRBaHCaPUmiPaKEdlmin Føab;sÁal;eTA tameRKOgsmÁal;enaH rEmgbriePaKTwk)an bu:EnþkalNa Føab;sÁal;PUmiPaKehIy

k¾beNþaymincab;GarmµN_nUvsBaØasmÁal;enaH

cUleTAkan;TI EdlmanTwkbriePaK)any:agNa RBHeyaKavcrenH k¾dUecñaH dUcKñakareFIVTukkñúgcitþedayFm’TaMgenaH

edayevaharenaH²

man

eksa

elama CaedIm CadMbUg kalFm’TaMgenaHR)akdc,as; edayGarmµN_man sRmab;CaFmµTan

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TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

GsuP³ CaedImy:agNamYy k¾knøgKWlHbg;evaharenaHeFIVTukkñúgcitþ eday GarmµN_manGsuP³CaedIm . kñúgesckþIenH

GñksYreBalfa

Fm’TaMgenaHR)akdedayPaBCa

GsuP³CaedImdl;RBHeyaKavcrenaHy:agNa edayvNѳy:agNa b¤eday Pav³Carbs;TeTy:agNa? mü:ageTot RBHeyaKavcrenHeFIVTukkñúgcitþ eday Fm’TaMgenH edayGsuP³y:agNa edayvNѳy:agNa b¤edayPav³TeT y:agNa?

CadMbUg

sk;TaMgLay

rEmgR)akddl;RBHeyaKavacrenaH

edayGsuP³man 5 cMENkKW vNѳ ¬BN’¦ sNæan ¬RTg;RTay¦ Kn§³ ¬køin¦ Gasy³ ¬TIenA¦ nig»kas ¬TIekIt¦ RBHeyaKavcrenH k¾eFIVTukkñúgcitþkñúg Fm’TaMgenH man 5 cMENkenaHÉgedayGsuP³ . y:agNaeTA? Fmµtask; TaMgenaHedayvNѳ minl¥ Carbs;bdikUl KYrex<Imy:agéRkElg . BitEmn ehIy mnusSTaMgLayeXIjsMbkeQI b¤srésGMe)aH manBN’dUcsk; EdlFøak;eTAkñúgTwk b¤kñúg)ayevlaéf¶ rEmglHbg; b¤ex<ImTwk nig)ay sUm,ICarbs;eBjcitþedaysmÁal;fa sk; . edaysNæank¾minl¥ . EmnBit mnusSTaMgLay b:HsMbkeQI b¤srésGMe)aH EdlmansNæan dUcsk; EdlFøak;eTAkñúgTwk nig)aykñúgevlayb; rEmge)aHbg;ecal b¤ ex<Im Twknig)ay sUm,ICarbs;eBjcitþedaysmÁal;fa sk; . edaykøin sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

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k¾minl¥ . EmnBit sk;TaMgLayEdlevorcakkartak;Etg manlabeRbg Cab;páaeQI ruMEpSgCaedIm mankøinKYrregáósy:agéRkElg mnusSRsÚbkøin sk; Edle)aHdak;kñúgePøIg RtÚvbiTRcmuH eKcecjBIkøinGaRkk; . sUm,I edaylMenAk¾minl¥ . EmnBit sk;TaMgenaH Edldl;nUvkarsnSMehIy bEnßm eFVI[bribUN’ edaykarGaRs½½yedayRbmat; esøsµ_ xÞúH nigQam dUcedImRmHeRBACaedIm kñúgKMnrsRmam edaykarhUrmkkknUvvtßúmins¥at rbs;mnusSepSg² . sUm,Ieday»kask¾minl¥ . EmnBit sk;TaMgenaH ekItkñúgEs,kTn;

EdlRKbsIs³rbs;mnusSTaMgLay

elIkMBUlKMnr

saksB 31 man eramCaedImEdlKYrex<Imy:agéRkElg dUcedImRmHeRBA CaedImkñúgKMnrsRmam . kñúgsaksB 31 maneramCaedImk¾n½yenH . RBHeyaKavcrenH eFIVTukkñúgcitþedaysk;TaMgenaH EdlR)akdedayGsuP³ edayPav³ Carbs; mins¥at edayRbkary:agenH . RbsinebIfa Fm’TaMgenHR)akddl;RBHeyaKavcrenaH edayvNѳ kalebIdUecñaH sk;TaMgLayk¾R)akdedayGMNacnIlksiN . erameFµj k¾y:agenaH rEmgR)akdedayGMNac»TatksiN . kñúgTVtþigSakarRKb; y:agk¾n½yenH . RBHeyaKavcrenHrEmgeFIVTukkñúgcitþkñúgFm’TaMgenH eday sRmab;CaFmµTan

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TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

GMNacksiNenaH²Ég. Fm’EdlR)akdedayvNѳy:agenH RBHeyaKavcr k¾eFIVTukkñúgcitþedayvNѳ . RbsinebIFm’TaMgenaH R)akddl;RBHeyaKavcr enaH edaysPav³Carbs;TeT kalebIdUecñaH sk;TaMgLay rEmgR)akd edaymankarRbCuMviniePaKrUb Edlman»C³RKb; 8 edaykarkMNt;bMEbk ecjBIRkúménduM . eramCaedIm k¾R)akddUcsk;enaHEdr . RBHeyaKavacr enH rEmgeFI VTukkñú gci tþ kñú gFm’TaM genaHy: agenaH dU cKñ a . Fm’E dlR)akd edayPav³Carbs;sUnüTeTenH k¾eFVITukkñúgcitþedayPav³Carbs;sUnüTeT . RBHeyaKavcrenH k¾eFIVTukkñúgcitþy:agenH eQµaHfa kareFIVTukkñúgcitþ kñúgFm’TaMgenaHedaylMdab; . esckþIfaedaybeNþaylMdab; GFib,ayfa RBHeyaKavcr

dksk;EdlR)akd

edaymanGsuP³CaedImNamYy

ehIyeFIVTukkñúgcitþnUveram CaGñkRBegIykenþIykñúgsk;TaMgLay ehIyeFIV TukkñúgcitþnUveramTaMgLay kaltaMgTukkñúgcitþnUveramTaMgLay k¾eQµaH fadksk; eRbóbdUceQøIgRBegIykenþIyRtg;kEnøg Edlvacab;)aneday knÞúy ehIyTamRtg;kEnøgdéTedaymat; kalcab;TIenaH)an k¾eQµaHfa e)aHbg;TIdéT² ecjdUecñaH . kñúgTVtþigSakarTaMgGs; k¾y:agenH . Fm’ TaMgenH

kalR)akddl;RBHeyaKavcrenaH

EdleFIVTukkñúgcitþ

eday

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-145-

beNþaylMdab;y:agenH rEmgR)akdminesssl; KWfaeFVI[R)akdc,as; edayGMNacCarbs;mins¥atCaedIm . kalebIdUecñaH Fm’BYkNa R)akdedayPav³Carbs;mins¥at dl; RBHeyaKavcrNa TaMgR)akdc,as;Cag eRbóbdUcsVaRtÚvRBanedjenAkñúg éRBetñat 32 edIm minQb;sUm,IEtmYyedImelateTA kalNaRtLb; k¾)aj;kalenaH eTIbQb;Ep¥kRtg;edImetñatx©I Edls¥atEdlh‘umB½T§eday søwketñatRkas;mYyedImbu:eNÑaHy:agNa sVa KWcitþrbs;RBHeyaKavcrenaH k¾dUecñaHEdr RBHeyaKavcrenaH²ÉgBicarNakñúgkayenH Edlman 32 ekadæas³ KWmin[sßitenA sUm,IEtekadæas³ 1 ehIysÞúHeTAkalNa k¾ RtLb;mkvij

eRBaHmankarR)afña

keRmIkeTAkan;GarmµN_d¾eRcInk¾enOy

ht;¬)aj;¦kalenaH . lMdab;enaHRBHeyaKavcrenaH CaGñksÞat;CMnaj b¤smrmüdl; critkñúgGakar³ 32 mansk;CaedIm b¤edaykarbMeBj)armI TukkñúgFm’Na

k¾GaRs½yFm’enaH

ehIysßitenA

edayGMNac]bcar-

smaFi . kalebIdUecñaH RBHeyaKavcrenaHÉg eFIVnUvnimitþenaH edaykar ekIt KWfakarBicarNaerOy² k¾eFIVbzmCÄan[ekIteLIgtamlMdab; taMg enAkñúgbzmCÄanenaHehIy epþImvibsSnarEmgRtas;dwgGriyPUmi)an . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

mü:ageTot Fm’TaMgenaH rEmgR)akdedayvNѳdl;RBHeyaKavcr Na eRbóbdUcsVaRtÚvRBanedjenAkñúgéRBetñat 32 edIm minQb;sUm,I Et mYyedIm

elateTA

kalNaRtLb;k¾)aj;kalenaH

eTIbQb;Ep¥kRtg;

edImetñatx©I Edls¥at Edlh‘umB½T§edaysøwketñatRkas;mYyedImbu:eNÑaH y:agNasVa

KWcitþrbs;RBHeyaKavcrenaH

k¾dUecñaHEdr

RBHeyaKavcr

enaH² ÉgBicarNakñúgkayenH Edlman 32 ekadæas³ KWmin[sßitenA sUm,IEtekadæas³ 1 ehIysÞúHeTA kalNa k¾RtLb;mkvij eRBaHmankar R)afña keRmIkeTAkan;GarmµN_d¾eRcIn k¾enOyht; ¬)aj;¦ . kalenaH Fm’ Narbs;RBHeyaKavcrenaH sÞat;CMnaj b¤smKYrdl;critfa kñúg 32 cMENk mansk;CaedIm b¤edaykarbMeBj)armI mktaMgBImunkñúgFm’Na k¾GaRs½yFm’enaH

taMgenAedayGMNac]bcarsmaFi

.

kalebIdUecñaH

RBHeyaKavcrnu+HÉg eFVInUvnimitþenaH[CakarBicarNa KWkarRtiHriHjy² k¾ eFIV[ekItrU)avcrQan sUm,ITaMg 5 edaynIlksiN b¤edaybitksiN tamlM dab; ehIytaMgenAkñ úgrU)avcrQanenaH y: agNamYy epþI mceRmI n vibsSna k¾Rtas;dwgGriyPUmi)an . mü:ageTot Fm’TaMgenaH R)akdedayPav³Carbs;TeT dl;RBHeyaKavcrNa RBHeyaKavcrenaH rEmgeFIVTukkñúgcitþ edaylkçN³kaleFIVTuk sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

kñúgcitþedaylkçN³

rEmgRtas;dwg

-147-

eday]bcarQan

edayGMNac

kMNt;Fatu 4 kñúgFm’TaMgenaH . kalebIdUecñaH kaleFIVTukkñúgcitþk¾eFIVTuk kñúgcitþkñúgFm’TaMgenaHedaysURtTaMg 3 KWmineTog CaTukç CaGntþa . enHCa vibsSnan½y

rbs;RBHeyaKavcrenaH

.

RBHeyaKavcrepþImceRmIn

vibsSnaenH nigbdibtþieTAtamlMdab; k¾rEmgRtas;dwgGriyPUmi)an . BaküNaEdl´eBalTukfa RBHeyaKavcrenHeFIVTukkñúgcitþ kñúgFm’ TaMgenaH

edayGMNackarBicarNa

mankarBicarNatamlMdab;CaedIm

y:agNa? BaküenaHEdl´BüakrN_ehIyfamanRbmaNbu:eNÑH . mü:ag eTot BaküNaEdl´eBalfa Kb,IRCabkarBN’na)az³enaHy:agenH eday kMNt;Pavna . esckþIrbs;BaküenaH KW´RbkasehIy edayBit .

bkiNÑkneya bkiNÑkn½y

\LÚ v enH Kb,I R Cabbki N Ñ k n½ y enH edI m ,I e sckþ I C M n aj ni g kar QøaskñúgTVtþigSakarenHfa ‹

nimitþeta lkçNeta Fatueta suBaØeta tabi c xn§aTieta c vieBaØeyüa TVtþwsakarnicäeya .

Kb,IRCabkarvinicä½yTVtþigSakar edaynimitþ edaylkçN³ edayFatu edayPaBTeT nigedayxn§CaedIm . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-148-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

bNþaesckþIénbkiNÑkenaH esckþIfa edaynimitþkñúgTVtþigSakarenH manRbkardUceBalmkehIyenH mannimitþ 160 EdlRBHeyaKavcrGac kMNt;TVtþigSakar)anedayekadæas³ KWCacMENk² . KWsk;mannimitþ 5KW vNѳ ¬BN’¦ sNæan ¬rUbrag¦ Tisa ¬Tis¦ »kas ¬TIekIt¦ briecäT ¬karkMNt;¦ edayeram CaedIm k¾y:agenH . esckþIfa edaylkçN³kñúgTVtþigSakar manlkçN³ 128 Edl RBHeyaKavcr GaceFIVTukkñúgcitþkñúgTVtþigSakar)anedaylkçN³ KWsk;man 4 lkçN³ KW lkçN³s¶Üt lkçN³Cab; lkçN³ekþA lkçN³keRmIk. kñúgeramCaedImk¾y:agenH . esckþIfa edayFatukñúgTVtþigSakarkñúgFatuTaMgLay EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukkñúg)alIenHfa mñalPikçúTaMgLay bursenHmanFatu 6 dUecñH¬1¦ manFatu 128 Edl RBHeyaKavcr GackMNt;TVtþigSakar)anedayFatu . KWkñúgsk;manFatu 4 KWcMENkrwg CabzvIFatu cMENkCab; CaGae)aFatu cMENkekþACa eteCaFatu cMENkkeRmIk CavaeyaFatu . kñúgeramCaedIm k¾y:agenH .

1-sutþnþbidk mCÄimnikay ]bribNÑask³ elx 28 TMB½r 174 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

-149-

esckþIfa edayPav³TeTkñúgTVtþigSakar mansuBaØta 128 Edl

RBHeyaKavcrGacBicarNaeXIjTVtþigSakaredayPaBTeT . kñúgsk;mun mansuBaØta 4 KWbzvIFatu TeTcakGae)aFatuCaedIm Gae)aFatuCaedImk¾ y:agenaH TeTcakbzvIFatuCaedIm . kñúgeram CaedImk¾y:agenaH .

esckþIfa edayxn§CaedIm kñúgTVtþigSakar kalsk;CaedIm elak

se®gÁaHedayxn§CaedIm

Kb,IRCabvinicä½yedayn½yCaedIm

y:agenHfa

sk;TaMgLaymanxn§bu:NÑa manGaytn³bu:NÑa manFatubu:NÑa mansc©³ bu:N Ña mansti b,dæ a nbu:NÑ a . kay rEmgR)akddUcKM nresµ A b¤eQI dl;

RBHeyaKavcrenaH EdlBicarNaeXIjy:agenHdUcelakeBalfa

ntßi setþa nera e)esa buKÁela nUblBÖti suBaØPUeta GyM kaeya tiNkdæsmUbema . minmanstV nr³ burs minmanbuKÁl kayenH mansPaBTeT eRbobdUcCaesµA nigeQI .

mü:ageTot kareRtkGrenaHÉNa EdlminEmnCarbs;mnusS Edl

elakeBalTuky:agenHfa

suBaØKarM bvidæsS snþcitþsS taTiena GmanusI rti ehati smµa FmµM vibsSeta .

elakcUleTAkan;pÞHTeT mancitþs¶b; Kg;BicarNaeXIjFm’

edayRbéB rEmgmankareRtkGr EdlminEmnCarbs;mnusS¬1¦ . 1-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay KafaFmµbT elx 52 TMB½r 100 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-150-

TVtþwsakarvNÑ akarvNÑna BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar

kareRtkGrenaHeTAminq¶ayeLIy tBIenaH Gmt³ KWbIti nige)aemaC¢³ enaHÉNa EdlseRmcmkBIvibsSna EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tuky:ag enHfa ‹

yeta yeta smµsti xn§anM ]TyBVyM lPti bIti)emaC¢M GmtM tM viCantM . BicarNaeXIjkarekIt nigkarrlt;énxn§TaMgLay edayRbkarNa² bIti nig)aemaC¢³ EdlCaGmt³rEmg)an dl;GñkBicarNaeXIjkarekItrlt;enaH edayRbkarenaH² . RBHeyaKavcr kalesaybIti nig)aemaC¢³ EdlCaGmt³enaHmin yUreLIy k¾nwgeFIV[c,as;Gmt³ KWRBHniBVanEdlmincas; minsøab;Edl GriyCnesBehIyedayBit .

brmtßeCatikay xuTÞk)zdækfay TVtþwsakarvNÑna nidæita

BN’naGakar³ 32 Rbkar én GdækfaxuT§k)az³ eQµaH brmtßeCatika cb; . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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4-kumarbBaðvNÑna karBN’nakumarbBaða

Gtßúb,tþi ehtuekIteLIgénerOg \LÚvenH dl;lMdab;BN’nan½yrbs;kumarbBaða ¬sameNrbBaða¦ CaedImy:agenHfa GVIeTAEdleQµaHfa 1 . ´nwgeBalehtuekIteLIgén erOgrbs;kumarbBaðaTaMgenaH

nigRbeyaCn_énkardak;bTedImTukkñúgTIenH

ehIyeTIbeFVIkarBN’nan½y . eBalehtuekIteLIgénerOg rbs;kumarbBaðaTaMgenaHTukCamunsin . eQµaHfa esa)ak³ CaRBHmhasav½krbs;RBHmanRBHPaK . RBHefr³ esa)ak³¬1¦ enaH seRmcCaRBHGrhnþ taMgEtBIGayu)an 7 qñaM BIkMeNIt . RBHmanRBHPaK

manRBHBuT§bMNgRTg;GnuBaØatkar]bsm,Ta

1-kñúgKm<IrFmµbTdækfa PaK 8 TMB½r 196 )aneBalfa

edaykar

{

tsS sgá sgáiec©a bNÐieta

esa)eka ervetati stþvsSika ctþaera xINasvsameNra )buNwsu ERbfa sameNrCaRBHxINaRsBTaMgLaybYn EdlmanRBHCnµ 7 vsSa KW sgáic©sameNr 1 bNÐitsameNr 1 esa)aksameNr 1 ervtsameNr 1 )aneTAdl;pÞHrbs;RBahµN_enaH} . kñúgGdækfa GbTan eQµaH visuT§CnvilasinI eBalfa RBHsameNr eQµaHesa)ak³ )an seRmcCaRBHGrhnþ bnÞab;BI)anbBVC¢a kñúgRBHCnµ 7 vsSa kñúgsMNak;RBHsasþa eday karceRmInemtþaQanCa)aT júaMgvibsSna[ceRmIn ehIyeFVI[Cak;c,as;nUvRBHGrhtþ .

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-152152

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

BüakrN_¬eqøIy¦bBaðadl;elak . RBHGgÁRTg;RCabfa elakGacBüakrN_ bBaðaTaMgLay)an . RBHGgÁRTg;bMNgehIy eTIbRtas;sYrbBaðaeday n½yCaedImfa GVIeTAEdleQµaHfa 1 . RBHefr³ k¾BüakrN_ eFVITwkRBHT½y rbs;RBHmanRBHPaK[eRtkGredaykarBüakrN_enaH . karBüakrN_enaH )anCa]bsm,Tarbs;RBHefr³ esa)ak³enaH . esa)ak³ enHCaehtuekIteLIgrbs;sameNrbBaðaTaMgenaH .

niekçbb,eyaCnM RbeyaCn_énkardak;bTepþIm k¾eRBaHehtuRbkbcitþPavna edaykarrBJkdl;RBHBuT§ RBHFm’ nig RBHsgÇ edaysrNKmn_ RbkassIlPavna edaysikçabT nigRbkas kayPavnaedayTVtþigSakar³

eRBaHdUecñH

\LÚvenHeTIbdak;karBüakrN_

bBaðaTaMgenH CabTepþImTukRtg;TIenH edIm,IsEmþgmux KWbBaØaPavnaeday RbkarepSg² . mü:ageTot smaFi mansIl CabTdæan ehIybBaØa man smaFiCabTdæan dUcRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa‹ {

sIel btidæay nera sbeBaØa citþM bBaØBa© PavyM nrCn sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

manR)aCJa

)antaMgmaMkñúgsIlehIy

-153-

ceRmInnUvsmaFicitþ

nigvibsSna

1

bBaØa¬ ¦} dUecñH eRBaHdUecñaH eTIbKYrRCabsUm,Ifa ´kalsEmþgsIleday sikçabTTaMgLay

ehIysmaFimansIlenaHCaeKacr

ehIyeTIbdak;bBaðaBüakrN_CabTepþImTukRtg;TIenH

edayTVtþigSakar³

edIm,IsEmþgRbePTén

bBaØaEdlCaeRKÓgRtÜtBinitüFm’epSg² sRmab;buKÁlEdlmancitþrwgbwugehIy . enHCaRbeyaCn_rbs;kardak;bBaðaTaMgenaHCabTepþImRtg;TIenH .

ÉkM nam kinþibBaðvNÑna BN’nabBaðafa GVIeTAEdlehAfa 1 ? \LÚvenH nwgBN’nan½yrbs;bBaðaTaMgenaH . PikçúkalenOyNay edayRbéBkñúgFm’NamYy EtgeFVITIbMputTukç)anedaylMdab; mü:agvijeTot RBHefr³esa)ak³ esa)ak³rU esa)ak³ benH

kalEdlenOyNaykñúgFm’NamYy

)aneFVITI

bMputTukçehIy RBHmanRBHPaK RTg;sMedAdl;Fm’enaH eTIbRtas;sYrbBaða fa GVIeTAEdlehAfa 1 . RBHefr³TUleqøIyedayeTsnaCabuKÁlaFidæanfa stVTaMgBYgsßitenA)anedayGahar . kñúgesckþIenH RBHsURtTaMgLay CaedImy:agenHfa

mñalPikçúTaMgLay

smµastidUcemþc

PikçúkñúgFmµvin½y

1-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay sKafvKÁ elx 29 TMB½r 33 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-154154

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az 1¦

BicarNaeXIjkñúgkaydUecñH¬ Ca]TahrN_ kñúgkarekItesckþIbBa©b;eday kareqøIyy:agenH . kñúgesckþIenH stVTaMgBYg elakeBalTukfa sßitenA )anedayGaharNa GaharenaH b¤sPaBEdlstVTaMgenaH sßitenA)an edayBitEmnehIy esckþIenaH RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Rtas;fa eQµaHfa 1 kñúgTIenH minEmnRtas;edIm,I[yl;dwgfa eQµaHfa 1 déTkñúg RBHsasna b¤kñúgelakeT . karBit RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Rtas;Tukfa‹ mñalPikçúTaMgLay bNþaFm’ 1 PikçúkalenOyNayedayRbéB kalR)ascakedayRbéB kalrYcputedayRbéB eXIjTIbMputedayeFVITI bMputTukç)ankñúgbc©úb,nñ kñúgFm’mü:agdUcemþc Fm’mü:ag KWstVTaMgBYgsßit enA)anedayGahar . {mñalPikçúTaMgLay kalebIPikçúenOyNayedayRbéB FujRTan; edayRbéB rYcRsLHedayRbéB eXIjnUvTIbMputedayRbéB Rtas;dwgnUv RbeyaCn_edayRbéB kñúgFm’mYy rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúgbc©úb,nñ)an . Fm’mYyKWGVI? KWBYkstVTaMgBYgrs;enAedaysarGahar . mñalPikçúTaMgLay kalebIPikçúenOyNayedayRbéB .l. kñúgFm’mYyenaHÉg rEmgeFVInUv TIbMputénTukçkñúgbc©úb,nñ)an . BaküNaEdltfaKteBalfa bBaða 1 1-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay mhavarvKÁ elx 37 TMB½r 21 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

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]eTÞs 1 evyüakrN_ 1 dUecñH BaküenHEdltfaKteBalehIy eRBaH GaRs½yehtuenaH¬1¦ } . kñúgBaküfa

s½BÞehAstVTaMgBYg

GahardæitikaenH a

RBHefr³kan;ykbc©½ypg

EdlsßitenA)anedayGaharbc©½yfa

Gahar

sßitenA)an

edayGahardUcCabc©½y elakehAfa Gahar kñúgRBH)alICaedImfa {mñal PikçúTaMgLay

manEtsuPnimitþ

nigkareFVI[eRcInnUvGeyaniesamnsikar

kñúgsuPnimitþenaH enHFm’CaGaharrbs;kamcänÞ³EdlminTan;ekIt [ekIteLIg}¬2¦ eRBaHdUecñaH kalelakkMNt;ykGahar 4 eBalTukfa sßitenA)aneday GahardUecñaH . Baküfa TaMgBYg TMngCaminTan;RtÚv eRBaHRBH)alIfa {BYkeTvta CaGsBaØstV minmanehtu minmanGahar minmanpsS³ minmanevTna}¬3¦. kñúgesckþIenaH Kb,ImanBakübBa¢ak;R)ab;dUecñH sUm,IebIRtÚveBaly:ag

1>sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay Tskni)at elx 50 TMB½r 122 . 2>sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay mhavarvKÁ elx 37 TMB½r 259 . 3>GPiFmµbidk viPgÁ elx 82 TMB½r 324 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

enH sPav³Edlxn§TaMgLayb:ueNÑaH sßitenA)anedaybc©½yk¾RtwwmRtÚv eRBaH RBH)alIfaFm’BYkNamanbc©½y .bBa©kçn§ KWrUbkçn§ evTnaxn§ sBaØaxn§ sgçarkçn§ nigviBaØaNkçn§ b:uEnþkarEdlstVTaMgLay sßitenA)anedaybc©½y Bakü enH TMngminRtÚvesaH esckþIenH minKYryl;eXIjy:agenH . eRBaHehtuGVI eRBaHeBalsrubxn§rbs;stVTaMgLay . EmnBit elakeBalsrubeRsc kñúgstVTaMgLay eRBaHGVI . eRBaHelakGaRs½y xn§b,BaØtþi . ]bmadUcCaGVI dUcCa]bcar³rbs;RsúkkñúgpÞH kalebIpÞHmYyxñg b¤BIrxñg sUm,IbIxñgénRsúk RtÚvePøIgeqH k¾elakeBalsrubdl;RsúkkñúgpÞH y:agenHfa RsúkRtÚvePøIg eqH eRBaHGaRs½ypÞHeRcInxñg bBaØtþy:agNamij k¾KYrRCabfa eBalsrub eRsc dl;stVTaMgLaysßitenA)anedayGaharkñúgstVTaMgLay Edl sßit enA)anedayGahar eRBaHGtßfa bc©½ykñúgxn§TaMgLay ekItcas; nig søab; RBHmanRBHPaKkalRtas;Tukfa mñalPikçú GñkekIt cas; nigsøab; RKb;xN³dUecñH KWRTg;Rtas;sEmþgfa srubdl;xn§ kñúgstVTaMgenaH . eBlNastVTaMgBYg sßitenA)anedayGahar eBalKW bc©½yNa Gahar enaH b¤sPaBEdlstVsßitenA)anedayGahar Kb,IRCabfa man mü:ageRBaH sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

-157-

faGaharb¤sPav³EdlstVsßitenA)anedayGahar rEmgCaTItaMgénniBViTa ¬karenOyNay¦ eRBaHCaehtuénGnic©ta PaBCarbs;mineTog . kalenaH PikçúenOyNay eRBaHeXIjGnic©ta kñúgsgçarTaMgLay EdlsnµtKñafa stVTaMgBYgenaH rEmgnwgCabuKÁleFVITIbMputTukç)anedaylMdab; rEmgseRmc brmtßvisuT§ esckþIbrisuT§edaybrmtß dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa‹

seBV sgçara Gnic©ati yTa bBaØay bsSti Gf niBVintÞ i Tuekç És meKÁa visuT§iya . kalNa buKÁlyl;eXIjedayR)aCJafa sgçarTaMgBYg mineTog dUecñH kalenaH rEmgenOyNaykñúgesckþITukç enHCapøÚvénesckþIbrisuT§¬1¦ .

ÉkM nam kw nig¬ÉkM nam¦ kih . kñúg)az³TaMg 2 enaH )az³kñúgekaHlgáafa kih . t,itfa GñklgáaTaMgenaH CMnYsBaküeBalfa kw k¾EbreBalfa kih eTAvij GacarüekaHlgáaBYkxøHeBalfa Baküfa h Cani)at )az³sUm,Irbs;BYk k¾kñúgbBaðadMbUgenH man)az³ 2 y:agfa

1-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay FmµbTKafa elx 52 TMB½r 79 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-158158

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

EdlRbkan;lT§iefrvaT k¾y:agenHdUcKña . b:uEnþTaMgBIr)az³ k¾manesckþI dUcKña . eBjcitþmYyNa k¾Kb,IsURtKb,IeBaly:agenH . dUcCakEnøgxøH

TuxM nigkEnøgxøH k¾eBalfa TukçM kñúgRBH)alITaMgLayCaedIm y:agenHfa suexn puedæa Gf va Tuexn TukçM eTamnsSM bdisMeveTti y:agNa kEnøgxøHfa ÉkM kEnøgxøHfa ÉkkM k¾dUecñaHEdr . b:uEnþkñúgTIenHvij man)az³Etmü:agfa ÉkM nam . eTV nam kinþibBaðvNÑna k¾eBalfa

¬1¦

BN’nabBaðafa GVIeTAEdlehAfa 2 ? RBHsasþa RBHGgÁmanRBHT½yKW RBHefr³eFVI[RTg;eRtkGr eday karBüakrN_enHy:agenHehIy eTIbRtas;sYrbnþeTA dUcn½ydMbUgfa GVIeTA EdlehAfa 2 RBHefr³eBalbEnßmfa

eTV edIm,ITUleqøIy edayeTsnaCa

FmµaFidæanfa KWnam nigrUb . bNþanam nigrUbenaH erOgEdlminEmnrUb TaMgGs;

elakehAfa

nam

eRBaHbeg¥anmuxeq<aHkan;

GarmµN_mü:ag

eRBaHCaehtubeg¥ancitþeTA . EtkñúgTIenH elakbMNgykFm’EdlmanGasv³

1-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay FmµbTKafa elx 52 TMB½r 39 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

-159-

bu:eNÑaH eRBaHCaehtuénesckþIenOyNay cMENkmhaPUtrUb 4 nigrUbTaMg Gs;

EdlGaRs½ymhaPUtrUbenaH[RbRBwtþeTA

elakehAfarUb

eRBaH

Gtßfa EbkFøay . rUbkñúgTIenH elakbMNgykTaMgGs; . EtRBHefr³ eBalkñúgTIenHfa eQµaHfa nam nigrUb eRBaHeBaledaybMNg enHÉg BuMEmneBaleRBaHminmanFm’

2

y:ag

déTeT

.

dUcEdlRBHman

RBHPaKRtas;Tukfa‹ mñalPikçúTaMgLay

kalebIPikçúenOyNayedayRbéB

FujRTan;

edayRbéB rYcRsLHedayRbéB eXIjnUvTIbMputedayRbéB Rtas;dwgnUv RbeyaCn_edayRbéB

kñúgFm’

2

enHÉg

rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúg

bc©úb,nñ)an . Fm’ 2 KWGVI? KWnam 1 rUb 1 . mñalPikçúTaMgLay kalebI PikçúenOyNayedayRbéB .l. kñúgFm’ 2 enHÉg rEmgeFVInUv TIbMputén Tukçkñúgbc©úb,nñ)an . BaküNa EdltfaKteBalfa bBaða 2 ]eTÞs 2 evyüakrN_ 2 dUecñH Bakünu+HEdltfaKteBalehIy eRBaHGaRs½yehtu enH¬1¦ . k¾kñúgbBaðaenH Kb,IRCabfa PikçúlHecalGtþTidæi esckþIyl;fa CaxøÜn )anedaykareXIjRtwmEtnamrUb ehIyenOyNayedaymux KWkar

1- sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Tskni)at elx 50 TMB½r 112-113 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-160160

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

BicarNaeXIjGntþa rEmgnwgCaGñkeFVITIbMput)an EtgseRmcbrmtßvisuTi§ )andUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa‹

seBV Fmµa Gntþati yTa bBaØay bsSti Gf niBVinÞti Tuekç És meKÁa visuT§iya .

kalNa buKÁlyl;eXIjedayR)aCJafa sgçarTaMgBYg minEmnCa rbs;xøÜndUecñH esckþIbrisuT§¬

kalenaH 1¦

rEmgenOyNaykñúgesckþITukç

enHCapøÚvén

.

tINi nam kinþibBaðvNÑna BN’nabBaðafa GVIeTAEdleQµaHfa 3 ? \LÚvenH RBHsasþaRBHGgÁmanRBHT½yKW RBHefr³eFVI[RTg;eRtkGr edaykarBüakrN_bBaðasUm,IenHehIy eTIbRtas;sYrbBaðabnþeTAdUcn½y mun²fa GVIeTAEdleQµaHfa 3 . RBHefr³eBalbEnßmfa

tINi 3 kal

sEmþgsMxüa cMnYnEdlsmKYrdl;ligÁ ePTs½BÞénesckþIEdlKb,IBüakrN_

tiesSa evTna KWevTna 3 . n½ymü:ageTot RBHefr³ KitfacaMeyIgRtLb;Baküfa tINi sPav³rbs;evTna EdlRBHmanRBHPaK eTot eTIbTUleqøIyfa

2-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay FmµbTKafa elx 52 TMB½r 79 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

Rtas;Tukfa

tiesSa evTna

-161-

kalsEmþgeTIbTUleqøIy . bNÐitKb,IRCab

esckþIenHdUceBalmkdUecñH . t,itfa eTsnarbs;BYkbuKÁl EdlseRmc eTsnad¾RbesIr eRBaHkarEbkFøayénbdismÖiTa mankfamuxd¾eRcIn . Et GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa bTfa enH fa

tINi enHCabTelIs . EtRBHefr³ eBalkñúgTI

tiesSa evTna KWevTna 3 k¾tamn½ymun²enaHÉg minEmn eBaleRBaH

minmanFm’ 3 y:agdéTenaHeT . dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa‹ mñalPikçúTaMgLay kalebIPikçúenOyNayedayRbéB FujRTan;

edayRbéB rYcRsLHedayRbéB eXIjnUvTIbMputedayRbéB Rtas;dwgnUv RbeyaCn_edayRbéB kñúgFm’3enHÉg rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúgbc©úb,nñ)an . Fm’ 3 KWGVI? KWevTnaTaMg 3 . mñalPikçúTaMgLay kalebIPikçúenOyNay edayRbéB .l. kñúgFm’ 3 enHÉg rEmgeFVInUv TIbMputénTukçkñúgbc©úb,nñ)an . BaküNa EdltfaKteBalfa bBaða 3 ]eTÞs 3 evyüakrN_ 3 dUecñH Bakünu+HEdltfaKteBalehIy eRBaHGaRs½yehtuenH¬1¦ . kñúgbBaðaenH Kb,IRCabfa PikçúlHbg;suxsBaØa esckþIsmÁal;fa sux edaykareXIj evTnaTaMg 3 CaTukç ehIy enOyNayedaycMeBaH KWkarBicarNaeXIj

1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Tskni)at elx 50 TMB½r 113-114 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-162162

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

TukçtamKnøgRBHsURtTukfa 1¦

tfaKteBalfa CaTukç¬

evTna

karesayNamYy

TaMgGs;enaH

. tamlMGanCaTukç eRBaHTukçCaTukç eRBaHERbRbÜl

nigCaTukçeRBaHbc©½y tak;Etgy:agenHfa‹

eya suxM Tukçeta Tkçi TukçmTÞkçi sløeta GTukçmsuxM snþM GTkçi nM Gnic©eta . PikçúNa )aneXIjsuxevTnafa CaTukç )aneXIjTukçevTnafa CaRBÜj )aneXIjGTukçmsuxevTna CaTIs¶b;enaHfaCarbs;mineTog¬2¦ . rEmgCa buKÁleFVITIbMputTukç)an EtgseRmcbrmtßvisuT§i dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaK )anRtas;Tukfa‹

seBV sgçara Tukçati Gf niBiVnÞti Tuekç

yTa bBaØay bsSti És meKÁa visuT§iya .

kalNa buK Ályl;eXIjedayR)aCJa fa sgça rTaMgBYg naMmknUv esckþITukç dUecñH kalenaH rEmgenOyNaykñúgesckþITukç enHCapøÚvén esckþIbrisuT§¬1¦ .

1-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay sLaytnvKÁ elx 36 TMB½r 30 . 2-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay \tivutþk³ elx 53 TMB½r 62 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

-163-

ctþari nam kinþibBaðvNÑna BN’nabBaðafa GVIeTAEdlehAfa 4 ? RBHsasþaRBHGgÁmanRBHT½y KWRBHefr³eFVI[RTg;eRtkGr eday karBüakrN_bBaða sUm,Iy:agenHehIy eTIbRtas;sYrbBaðabnþeTA dUcn½y mun²fa GVIeTAEdleQµaHfa 4 kñúgbBaðaenH kñúgcMENkBüakrN_bBaðaenH kEnøgxøHelakbMNgykGahar 4 tamn½ymun² dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaK Rtas;Tukfa‹ mñalPikçúTaMgLay

kalebIPikçúenOyNayedayRbéB

FujRTan;

edayRbéB rYcRsLHedayRbéB eXIjnUvTIbMputedayRbéB Rtas;dwgnUv RbeyaCn_edayRbéBkñúgFm’ 4 enHÉg rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúgbc©úb,nñ)an . Fm’ 4 KWGVI? KWGaharTaMg 4 . mñalPikçúTaMgLay kalebIPikçúenOyNay edayRbéB .l. kñúgFm’ 4 enHÉg rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúg bc©úb,nñ)an . BaküNa EdltfaKteBalfa bBaða 4 ]eTÞs 4 evyüakrN_ 4 dUecñH 2¦

BaküenHEdltfaKteBalehIy eRBaHGaRs½yehtuenH¬

.

1-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay FmµbTKafa elx 52 TMB½r 79 . 2-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Tskni)at elx 50 TMB½r 114 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-164164

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

kEnøgxøH Pikçúmancitþ)anGb;rMl¥ehIykñúgKuNFm’BYkNa rEmgCa buKÁleFVITIbMputTukç)anedaylMdab; KuNFm’BYkenaH k¾KWstib,dæan 4 . dUcEdlRBHkCgÁlaPikçúnIeBalfa ceRmInl¥edayRbéB

mñalGavuesaTaMgLay

eXIjnUvTIbMputedayRbéB

Pikçúmancitþ

Rtas;dwgnUvRbeyaCn_

edayRbéB kñúgFm’ 4 rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúgbc©úb,nñ)an . Fm’ 4 KWGVI ? KWstib,dæan 4 . mñalGavuesaTaMgLay PikçúmancitþceRmInl¥ edayRbéB .l. kñúgFm’ 4 enHÉg rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúg bc©úb,nñ)an . BaküNa EdlRBHd¾manRBHPaKsMEmþgfa bBaða 4 ]eTÞs 4 evyüakrN_ 4 dUecñH BaküenaH RBHd¾manRBHPaKsMEdgehIy eRBaHGaRs½yehtuenH¬1¦ . EtkñúgTIenH karkat;PvtNða)an eRBaHRtas;dwg nigcak;FøúHGriysc©³ 4 BYkNa eRBaHehtuEdlGriysc©³ 4 BYkenaH elakbMNgykehIy . eRBaH ehtu

bBaðakmµEdlelakBüakrN_edaybriyay

TaMgGs; eRBaHdUecñaH RBHefr³eBalbEnßmfa

enHCakarBüakrN_l¥

ctþari 4

eTIbTUleqøIyfa

Griysc©ani Griysc©³TaMgLay . kñúgBaküenaH s½BÞfa ctþari 4 Cakar kMNt;edaycMnYn . bTfa Griysc©ani )andl; sc©³CaGriy³ GFib,ay 1- sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Tskni)at elx 50 TMB½r 124 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

-165-

fa BuMxusPøaMgPøat; . dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa mñalPikçúTaMgLay Griysc©³ 4 enHCa rbs;Bit minERbRbÜl minkøayeTACarbs; 1¦

déTeLIy eRBaHehtuenaH )an CatfaKtehAfa Griysc©³¬ eRBaHehtuNa

eTIbelak

GFib,ayTukfa

. mü:ageTot

eRBaHCasc©³Edlelak

nigeTvelak Kb,IedIr Kb,IseRmc . eRBaHdMeNIreTAkñúgpøÚvEdlceRmIn snµtfa

zanEdlKYr

BüayamxøH

eRBaH

minedIreTAkan;pøÚvminceRmInxøH

RBHBuT§ RBHbec©kBuT§ nigRBHBuT§sav½kTaMgLay TTYlsÁal;faCaRBHGriy³ eRBaHRbkbRBmedayGriyFm’ KWeBaFibkçiyFm’ 37 Rbkar rEmgRtas;dwg Griysc©³TaMgenH sUm,IeRBaHehtuenaH eTIbelak ehAfa Griysc©³ . dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa mñalPikçúTaMgLay Griysc©³ 4 BYk enH .l. Griysc©³ 4 TaMgenHÉg RBHGriy³TaMgLay rEmgcak;FøúH Griysc©³ 4 eRBaHdUecñaH eTIbehAfa Griysc©³ . n½ymü:ageTot eQµaH fa Griysc©³ eRBaHCasc©³rbs;RBHmanRBHPaK RBHGgÁCaGriy³ dUc EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa {mñalPikçúTaMgLay tfaKtCaGriy³ kñúg 1- sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay mhavarvKÁ elx 39 TMB½r 269 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-166166

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

elak nigeTvelak .l. RBmTaMgeTvta nigmnusS eRBaHdUecñaH eTIb ehAfa Griysc©³} . seRmcPaBCaGriy³

n½ymü:ageTot eQµaHfa Griysc©³ eRBaHeFVI[ eRBaHGriysc©³BYkenaH

RBHGgÁRTg;Rtas;dwgd¾

éRkElg edayxøÜnRBHGgÁÉgehIy . dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas; Tukfa {mñalPikçúTaMgLay eRBaHGriysc©³ 4 TaMgenH tfaKtRtas;dwg xøÜnÉg tamesckþIBit tfaKteTIbehAfa RBHGrhnþsmµasm<úT§} . GtßénbT rbs;Griysc©³TaMgenaH mandUecñH . karkat;pþac;PvtNða rEmgmaneRBaH karRtas;dwgtam

nigcak;FøúHGriysc©³TaMgenH

dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaK

Rtas;Tukfa {mñalPikçúTaMgLay TukçGriysc©³enH tfaKtkþI GñkTaMgLay kþI )anRtas;dwgehIy )ancak;FøúHehIy .l. TukçnieraFKaminIbdibTaGriysc©³ tfaKtkþI GñkTaMgLaykþI)anRtas;dwgehIy )ancak;FøúHehIy . PvtNða CaFmµCatinaMstV[cUleTAkan;PB )anpþac;pþilGs;ehIy PBfµI 1 eTot kñúgkal\LÚvenHminmaneLIy¬ ¦} .

1-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay mhavarvKÁ elx 39 TMB½r 261-262 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

-167-

bBa© nam kinþibBaðvNÑna

BN’nabBaðafa GVIeTAEdleQµaHfa 5 ? RBHsasþamanRBHT½y

KWRBHefr³eFVI[RTg;eRtkGr

edaykar

BüakrN_bBaða sUm,IenHehIy eTIbRtas;sYrbBaðaeTAtamn½ymun²fa GVI

bBa© 5 eTIbTUl eqøIyfa ])aTankçn§ . bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa bBa© 5 Cakar kMNt;cMnYn . eTAEdleQµaHfa 5 . RBHefr³eBalbEnßmfa

xn§TaMgLay KWRtÚv])aTan[ekItman b¤EdleFVI])aTan[ekIt eQµaHfa ])aTankçn§ . rUb evTna sBaØa sgçar nigviBaØaN NamYy manGasv³ EdlbuKÁlKb,IRbkan; BaküenH CaeQµaHrbs;])aTankçn§BYkenaH . k¾kñúg TIenH RBHefr³eBalfa ])aTankçn§ 5 tamn½ymunenaHÉg minEmneBal eRBaHEtminmanFm’ 5 y:agdéT . dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa ‹ {mñalPikçúTaMgLay kalebIPikçúenOyNayedayRbéB FujRTan; edayRbéB rYcRsLHedayRbéB eXIjnUvTIbMputedayRbéB Rtas;dwgnUv RbeyaCn_edayRbéB

kñúgFm’

5

enHÉg

rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúg

bc©úb,nñ)an . Fm’ 5 KWGVIxøH . KW])aTankçn§TaMg 5 . mñalPikçúTaMgLay kalebIPikçúenOyNayedayRbéB .l. kñúgFm’ 5 enHÉg rEmgeFVInUv sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-168168

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

TIbMputénTukçkñúgbc©úb,nñ)an . BaküNa EdltfaKteBalfa bBaða 5 ]eTÞ s 5 evyüakrN_ 5 dU e cñ H BaküenHEdltfaKteBalehI y eRBaH GaRs½yehtuenH¬1¦} . k¾kñúgbBaðaenH

PikçúkalBicarNanUvbBa©kçn§edaykarekIt

nigkar

rMlt;CaGarmµN_)anGmt³edayvibsSnaehIy EtgeFVI[Cak;c,as;nUvGmt³ KWRBHniBVanedaylMdab; . dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa ‹

yeta yeta smµsti xn§anM ]TyBVyM lPti bIti )emaC¢M GmtM tM viCantM . PikçúBicarNakarekIteLIg nigkarvinasxn§TaMgLay kñúgkalNa kñúgkalenaH PikçúenaHrEmg)anbIti nig)aemaC¢³ bIti nig)aemaC©³enaH eQµaH faCaGmtFm’ rbs;bNÐitGñkdwgFm’TaMgLay¬2¦ .

q nam kinþibBaðvNÑna

BN’nabBaðafa GVIeTAEdleQµaHfa 6 ? RBHsasþaRBHGgÁmanRBHT½y KWRBHefr³eFVI[RTg;eRtkGr edaykar BüakrN_sUm,Iy:agenHehIy eTIbRtas;sYrbBaðabnþeTAtamn½ymun² fa 1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Tskni)at elx 50 TMB½r 115 . 2-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay FmµbTKafa elx 52 TMB½r 100 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

-169-

q 6 ? eTIbTUleqøIyfa Gaytn³xagkñúg . bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa q 6 CakarkMNt;cMnYn . GVIeTAEdleQµaHfa 6 RBHefr³eBalbEnßmfa

Gaytn³TaMgLayEdlRbkbkñúgxagkñúg

b¤eFVIxøÜn[CaTIGaRs½yRbRBwtþ

eTA eQµaHfa GCÄtþik³ . eQµaHfa Gaytn³ eRBaHbnþ b¤eRBaHekItesckþI ceRmIn b¤eRBaHnaMsgSarTukçmkyUrGEgVg BaküenHCaeQµaH rbs;ckç ckçú ¬EPñk¦ esat³ ¬Rtecok¦Xan³ Xan³ ¬RcmuH ¦Ci Civða ¬GNþat¦ kay³ ¬kay¦ mn³ ¬citþ¦ . kñúgTIenH RBHefr³eBalfa Gaytn³xagkñúg 6 tamn½ymun minEmneBal eRBaHFm’ 6 y:agdéTeT . dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa ‹

{mñalPikçúTaMgLay kalebIPikçúenOyNayedayRbéB FujRTan;

edayRbéB rYcRsLHedayRbéB eXIjnUvTIbMputedayRbéB Rtas;dwgnUv RbeyaCn_edayRbéB kñúgFm’ 6 enHÉg rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukç kñúgbc©úb,nñ )an . Fm’ 6 KWGVI? KWGaytn³xagkñúgTaMg 6 . mñalPikçúTaMgLay kalebI PikçúenOyNayedayRbéB .l. kñúgFm’ 6 enHÉg rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúg bc©úb,nñ)an . BaküNa EdltfaKteBalfa bBaða 6 ]eTÞs 6 evyüakrN_ 6 dUecñH BaküenHEdltfaKteBalehIy eRBaHGaRs½yehtuenH}¬1¦ .

1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Tskni)at elx 50 TMB½r 116 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-170170

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

kñúgbBaðaenH PikçúBicarNaGaytn³xagkñúg 6 edaysPaBCarbs;

suBaØKaemati exa Pikçev qenñtM GCÄtþikanM GaytnanM GFivcnM cnM mñalPikçúTaMgLay Baküfa Rsúks¶at;enaH CaeQµaH

TeT tamRBH)alIfa {

rbs;Gaytn³xagkñúg 6}¬1¦ edaysPaBCarbs;TeT nigsPaBCarbs; e)akR)as; eRBaHsßitenA)anBuMyUrdUcBBuHTwk nigéf¶beNþIrkUndUecñaH ehIy k¾enOyNayeFVITIbMputTukçedaylMdab;

rEmgseRmcdl;TIEdlmc©úraC

emIlmineXIj . dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaK Rtas;Tukfa ‹

yfa buBVúLkM besS yfa besS mrIcikM ÉvM elakM GevkçnþM mc©úraCa aCa n bsSti . buKÁleXIjBBuHTwky:agNa eXIjeRBj¬2¦éf¶y:agNa esþcmc©úraC mineXIjGñkBicarNaxn§elakCaedIm y:agenaHeT¬3¦ .

stþ nam kinþibBaðvNÑna

BN’nabBaðafa GVIeTAEdleQµaHfa 7 ? RBHsasþaRBHGgÁmanRBHT½y KWRBHefr³eFVI[RTg;eRtkGr edaykar 1-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay sLaytnvKÁ elx 35 TMB½r 398 . 2-BaküenH GacERbfa éf¶beNþIrkUn k¾)an . 3-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay FmµbTKafa elx 52 TMB½r 58 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

-171-

BüakrN_bBaðaenHehIy eTIbRtas;sYrbEnßmeTAtamn½ymun²fa GVIeTAEdl eQµ a Hfa7.vi vi B aØ a Ndæ i t i 7 RBHefr³eBalkarBüakrN_ b Bað a eRcI n k¾ B i t E mn sUm,Iy:agenaH PikçúGñkmancitþGb;rMl¥ehIynUvFm’BYkNa rEmgeFVITI bMputTukç)an RBHefr³kalsEmþgFm’TaMgenaH eTIbTUleqøIyfa eBaCÄgÁTaMg 7

.

esckþIenHesat

RBHmanRBHPaKk¾RTg;yl;RBmehIy

dUcEdl

RBHGgÁRtas;Tukfa ‹ {mñ a lKhbtI T aM g Lay kCgÁ l aPi k ç ú n I CaGñ k R)aCJ mñ a lKhbtI TaMgLay kCgÁlaPikçúnI CamnusSmanR)aCJaeRcInEmn mñalKhbtITaMgLay

RbsinebIGñkTaMgLaycUlmkrktfaKt

ehIysYrnUvesckþIenaH

tfaKtk¾edaHRsayesckþIenaH y:agenaH dUcCakCgÁlaPikçúnI EdledaH RsayEdr¬1¦ . kCgÁlaPikçúnIenaHBüakrN_Tuky:agenHfa mñalGavuesaTaMg Lay PikçúmancitþceRmInl¥edayRbéB eXIjnUvTIbMputedayRbéB Rtas; dwgnUvRbeyaCn_edayRbéB kñúgFm’ 7 rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúgbc©úb,nñ )an . Fm’ 7 KWGVI ? KWeBaCÄgÁTaMg 7 . mñalGavuesaTaMgLay Pikçúmancitþ ceRmInl¥edayRbéB.l. kñúgFm’ 7 enHÉg rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúgbc©úb,nñ 1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Tskni)at elx 50 TMB½r 128 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-172172

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

)an . BaküNa EdlRBHd¾manRBHPaKsEmþgfa bBaða 7 ]eTÞs 7 evyüakrN_ 7 BaküenaH RBHd¾man RBHPaKsEmþgehIy eRBaHGaRs½yehtuenH¬1¦ . esckþIenHKYrRCabfaRBHmanRBHPaK RTg;yl;RBmedayRbkardUecñH . bNþaBaküTaMgenaH

Baküfa stþ 7

CakarkMNt;cMnYndac;xat

minxVHminelIs . Baküfa eBaCÄgÁ³ enHCaeQµaHrbs;Fm’manstiCaedIm . Gtßrbs;bTkñúgeBaCÄgÁ³ 7 enHmandUecñH eQµaHfa eBaFi eRBaHmanviKÁh³ fa RBHGriysav½k rEmgRtas;dwgedayFmµsamKÁIeBalKW sti Fmµvicy³ vIriy³ bIti bsST§i smaFi nig]ebkça CabdibkçcMeBaH]bRTBCaeRcIn man karrYjracitþ esckþIraymay karbBaÄb;esckþIBüayam esckþIBüayam kñúgkamsuxløikanueyaK GtþkilmfanueyaK nigkar Rbkan;eday]ecäTTidæi nigssStTidæiCaedIm EdlekIteLIgkñúgxN³én mKÁcitþ cMENkelakiy³ nigelakutþr³enaH elakGFib,ayfa eRkak eLIgBIkarlk; KWsnþanEdl mankiels b¤cak;FøúHGriysc©³ 4 b¤eFVI[ c,as;nUvRBHniBaVnenaHÉg . dUcEdlelakeBalTukfa RTg;ceRmIneBaCÄgÁ³ 7

Rtas;dwgd¾éRkElgnUv

Gnutþrsmµasem<aFijaN .

1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Tskni)at elx 50 TMB½r 124-125 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

-173-

mü:ageTot sUm,IRBHGriysav½k k¾eQµaHfa eBaFi eRBaH vieRKaHfa Rtas;dwgedayFmµsamKÁIenaH manRbkartamEdleBalmkehIy . dUecñH eQµaHfa eBaCÄgÁ³ eRBaHCaGgÁ KWcMENkéneBaFi eBalKW FmµsamKÁIenaH dUcCaGgÁénQan nigGgÁénmKÁ mü:ageTot eQµaHfa eBaCÄgÁ³ eRBaHGgÁ rbs;RBHGriysav½k Edlmanevaharfa eBaFi enaH dUcCaGgÁKW cMENk rbs;kgT½B nigGgÁ KWcMENkrbs;rfCaedImdUecñaHEdr . RbkarmYyeTot Kb,IRCabGtßfa eBaCÄgÁ³ nigeBaCÄgÁ³TaMgLay edayviFIEdlelakeBal TukkñúgKm<IrbdismÖiTamKÁy:agenHfa

sMnYrRtg;

Baküfa

eBaCÄgÁ³

etI

eBaCÄgÁ³ edayGtßfadUcemþc ? eQµaHfa eBaCÄgÁ³ eRBaHehtuRbRBwtþeTA RBmkñúgkarRtas;dwg eQµaHfaeBaCÄgÁ³ eRBaHehtu Rtas;dwg eQµaHfa eBaCÄgÁ³ eRBaHehtuRtas;dwgtam eQµaHfaeBaCÄgÁ³ eRBaHehtuRtas;dwg cMeBaH

eQµaHfaeBaCÄgÁ³

eRBaHehtuRtas;dwgRBm¬1¦.

RBHeyaKavcr

kalceRmIneFVI[eRcInnUveBaCÄgÁ³ 7 enH y:agenHminyUreLIy nwgCaGñk )anKuN manesckþIenOyNay edaycMENkEtmYyCaedIm eRBaHehtu 1-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay bdismÖiTamKÁ elx 71 TMB½r 64 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-174174

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

enaH eTIbRtas;fa rEmgeFVITIbMput Tukç)ankñúgbc©úb,nñ . smdUcEdl RBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa {mñalPikçú TaMgLay eBaCÄgÁ³TaMg 7 enH EdlbuKÁlceRmInehIy eFVI[erOy² ehIy rEmgRbRBwtþeTAedIm,IenOyNayedayBit edIm,IkarR)ascak raK³ edIm,IrMlt; edIm,IcUleTACitrm¶ab; edIm,Idwgc,as; edIm,IRtas;dwgedIm,IniBVan}¬1¦ .

Gdæ nam kinþibBaðvNÑna BN’nabBaðafa GVIeTAEdleQµaHfa 8 ? RBHsasþaRBHGgÁmanRBHT½y KWRBHefr³eFVI[RTg;eRtkGr edaykar BüakrN_bBaðasUm,Iy:agenHehIy eTIbRtas;sYrbBaðabEnßmeTAfaGVIeTA Edl eQµaHfa 8 . RBHefr³eBalnUvelakFm’ 8 TukkñúgkarBüakrN_ k¾EmnBit sUm,IdUecñaH PikçúGñkmancitþ)anGb;rM ehIykñúgFm’NamYy rEmgeFVITIbMputTukç )an . RBHefr³kalsEmþgFm’BYkenaH mineBalfa GgÁGriymKÁTaMg 8 eRBaH ehtuEtFmµtamKÁEdlrYcputcakGgÁ 8 minman b:uEnþmKÁmanRtwmEtGgÁ 8 b:ueNÑaH

1-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay mhavarvKÁ elx 37 TMB½r 215 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

-175-

eRBaHdUecñaH kalnwg[seRmcesckþIenaH eTIbTUleqøIyedaykarviciRtén eTsnafa GriymKÁGgÁ 8 . esckþInigeTsnan½yenH sUm,IRBHmanRBHPaK k¾RTg;yl;RBmTaMgGs; dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa ‹

{mñalKhbtITaMgLay kCgÁlaPikçúnI CaGñkR)aCJ mñalKhbtI TaMgLay

kCgÁlaPikçúnICamnusSmanR)aCJaeRcInEmn

mñalKhbtiTaMg

Lay RbsinebIGñkTaMgLay cUlmkrktfaKt ehIysYrnUv esckþIenaH tfaKtk¾edaHRsayesckþIenaHy:agenaH

dUcCakCgÁlaPikçúnI

EdledaH

RsayEdr}¬1¦ . kCgÁlaPikçúnIenaHBüakrN_Tuky:agenHfa {mñalGavuesa TaMgLay PikçúmancitþceRmInl¥edayRbéB eXIjnUvTIbMputeday RbéB Rtas;dwgnUvRbeyaCn_edayRbéB kñúgFm’ 8 rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúg bc©úb,nñ)an . Fm’ 8 KWGVI . KW GdægÁikmKÁd¾RbesIrTaMg 8 . mñalGavuesa TaMgLay PikçúmancitþceRmInl¥edayRbéB .l. kñúgFm’ 8 enHÉg rEmg eFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúgbc©úb,nñ)an

1

.

BaküNa

EdlRBH

d¾manRBHPaK

sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Tskni)at elx 50 TMB½r 128 sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-176176

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

sEmþgfa bBaða 8 ]eTÞs 8 evyüakrN_ 8 BaküenaH RBHd¾man RBHPaK sEmþgehIy eRBaHGaRs½yehtuenH}¬1¦ . esckþI nigeTsnan½yenHKb,I RCabfa RBHmanRBHPaKyl;RBmehIyedayRbkardUecñH . bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa

Grieya

ERbfa buKÁlRtÚvkarRBHniBaVn

Kb,IseRmc mü:ageTot mKÁKb,IRCabfa Griy³ eRBaHRbRBwtþ eTAq¶ayBI kielsTaMgLay eRBaHeFVI[CaRBHGriy³ nigsUm,IeRBaH)an Griypl . GgÁrbs;mKÁenaHman 8 eRBaHehtuenaH mKÁeTIbeQµaHfa manGgÁ 8 . mKÁ enaHKb,IRCabfa

manRtwmEtGgÁb:ueNÑaH

eRBaHmKÁmansPaBEdlbuKÁl

nigminKb,I)anedayEbkcakGgÁecj dUcCakgT½B manGgÁ 4 nigt®nþIman GgÁ 5 . buKÁlrEmgEsVgrkRBHniBVanedaypøÚvenH b¤EsVgrk edayxøÜnÉg ehIysmøab;kielseTA eRBaHehtuenaH pøÚv enHeTIbeQµaHfa mKÁ . Pikçú ceRmInmKÁmanRbePT 8 nigmanGgÁ 8 enHy:agenH rEmgTmøúHGviC¢a júaMg viC¢a[ekIteLIg eFVI[Cak;c,as;RBHniBVan eRBaHehtuenaH eTIbelakeBal faCabuKÁleFVITIbMputTukç)ankñúgbc©úb,nñ smdUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas; Tuky:agenHfa ‹

1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Tskni)at elx 50 TMB½r 125 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

{mñalPikçúTaMgLay

-177-

cugRKab;RsÚvxSaykþI

cugRKab;RsÚvdMeNIbkþI

EdlbuKÁlerobcMRtÚvTMng KWeFVI[mancugeLIgelI buKÁlsgát;edayéd b¤ Can;edayeCIg nwgmutéd b¤eCIg nwgeFVIQam[puleLIg)an ehtuenH eTIb manerOgenaH eRBaHehtuGVI ? mñalPikçúTaMgLay eRBaHcugRKab;RsÚv buKÁl erobcMRtÚvTMng dUcemþcmij mñalPikçúTaMgLay Pikçúmancitþtmál;RtÚvnwg TmøayGviC¢a nwgeFVIviC¢a[ekIteLIg nwgeFVI[Cak;c,as;nUvRBHniBVan ehtuenH eTIbmanerOgenaH¬1¦ .

nv nam kinþibBaða vNÑna

BN’nabBaðafa GVIeTAEdleQµaHfa 9 ? RBHsasþaRBHGgÁmanRBHT½y KWRBHefr³eFVI[RTg;eRtkGr edaykar BüakrN_bBaðaenH eTIbRtas;sYrbBaðabnþfa GVIeTAeQµaHfa 9 . RBHefr³ eBalbEnßmfa

nv 9 eTIbTUleqøIyfa stþavas .

kñúgBaküenH Baküfa

nv

CakarkMNt;cMnYn . Baküfa stV )andl;stVmanCIvit elakbBaØtþ TI kEnøgGaRs½yxn§kñúgCIviti®nÞiy . Baküfa Gavas )andl; eQµaHfa Gavas eRBaHCakEnøgGaRs½yenA . kEnøgenAGaRs½yrbs;stVTaMgLay eQµaHfa 1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Ék-Tukni)at elx 40 TMB½r 15 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-178178

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

stþavas

.

stþavasenaHCaviFIénkareTsna

.

b:uEnþkaleBaltam

Gtßn½yvij BaküenHCaeQµaHrbs;stV 9 RbePT . dUcEdlRBHsarIbutþd¾ man GayuelakeBalTukfa ‹ {mñalGavuesaTaMgLay BYkstVmankayepSgKña mansBaØaepSg Kña dUcBYkmnusSeTvtaBYkxøH nigvini)atik³BYkxøH enHCastþavasTI 1 . mñalGavuesaTaMgLay BYkstVmankayepSgKña mansBaØadUcKña dUcBYk eTvtakñúgCan;RBhµelak EdlekItkñúgCan;bzmCÄanPUmi enHCastþavasTI 2 . mñalGavuesaTaMgLay BYkstVmankaydUcKña mansBaØaepSgKña dUc BYkeTvtakñúgCan;GaPsSr³ enHCastþavas TI 3 . mñalGavuesaTaMgLay

BYkstVmankaydUcKña

mansBaØadUcKña

dUcBYkeTvtakñúgCan;

suPkiNð³ enHCastþavas TI 4 . mñalGavuesaTaMgLay BYkstV\t sBaØamindwgc,as;

¬nUvGarmµN_¦

dUcBYkeTvtaCa

GsBaØIstV

enHCa

stþavas TI 5 . mñalGavuesaTaMgLay BYkstVcUlkan;GakasanBa©aytnCÄan edaybrikmµfa GakasminmanTIbMput dUecñH eRBaHknøgbg;nUv BYkrUbsBaØa eRBaHvinaseTAénBYkbdiXsBaØa eRBaHmineFVITukkñúgcitþnUvBYk nantþsBaØaedayRbkarTaMgBYg enHCastþavas TI 6 . mñalGavuesa TaMgLay BYkstVknøgbg;nUvGakasanBa©aytnCÄan edayRbkarTaMgBYg sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

-179-

ehIycUlkan;viBaØaNBa©aytnCÄan edaybrikmµfa viBaØaNminmanTIbMput dUecñH enHCastþavas TI 7 . mñalGavuesaTaMgLay BYkstVknøgbg;nUv viBaØaNBa©aytnCÄan edayRbkarTaMgBYg

ehIycUlkan;GakiBa©BaØay-

tnCÄan edaybrikmµfa vtßúbnþicbnþÜcminmandUecñH enHCastþavas TI 8 . mñalGavuesaTaMgLay

BYkstVknøgbg;nUvGakiBa©BaØaytnCÄan

eday

RbkarTaMgBYg ehIycUlkan;envsBaØanasBaØaytnCÄan edaybrikmµfa vtßúenHs¶b;rm¶ab; vtßúenHRbesIrdUecñH enHCastþavas TI 9¬1¦ . k¾kñúgTIenHRBHefr³eBalfastþavas 9 k¾tamn½ymun²enaHÉg minEmn eBaleRBaHminmanFm’ 9 y:agdéT dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa ‹ {mñalPikçúTaMgLay kalebIPikçúenOyNayedayRbéB .l. kñúg Fm’ 9 enHÉg rEmgeFV I nU v TI bM p u t énTu k ç kñ ú g bc© ú b,nñ ) an . Fm’ 9 KW GV I ? KW stþavasTaMg 9 . mñalPikçúTaMgLay kalebIPikçúenOyNay edayRbéB .l. kñúgFm’ 9 enHÉg rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúg bc©úb,nñ)an . BaküNa EdltfaKteBalfa bBaða 9 ]eTÞs 9 evyüakrN_ 9 dUecñH BaküenH EdltfaKteBalehIy eRBaHGaRs½yehtuenH¬2¦ . 1-sutþnþbidk TIXnikay )adikvKÁ elx 19 TMB½r 235-237 . 2-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Tskni)at elx 50 TMB½r 118 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-180180

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

k¾kñúgbBaðaenH PikçúlHbg;kareXIjfa eTogl¥ sPaBCaxøÜnsux

nv Fmµa brieBaØ-

ecjedayjatbriBaØakñúgstþavas 9 eRBaHRBH)alIfa{

yüa ktem nv/ nv stþavasa

Fm’ 9 EdlKYrkMNt;dwgetIdUcemþcxøH KW

stþavas 9¬1¦ Cinq¥n;edaykareXIjRtwmEtCaKMnrsgçarsuT§² R)ascak teRmk edaykareXIjGnic©lkçN³ edaytIrNbriBaØa rYcputedaykar eXIjTukçlkçN³

eXIjTIbMputedayRbéB

edaykareXIjGntþlkçN³

Rtas;dwgFm’edayRbéB edaybhanbriBaØa rEmgeFVITIbMputTukç)an . eRBaH ehtuenaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbmanRBHBuT§tRmas;fa ‹ {mñalPikçúTaMgLay

kalebIPikçúenOyNayedayRbéB

.l.

kñúgFm’ 9 enHÉg rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúgbc©úb,nñ)an . Fm’ 9 KWGVI? KWstþavas³TaMg 9}¬2¦ .

Ts nam kinþibBaðvNÑna

BN’nabBaðaEdlfa GVIeTA eQµaHfa 10 ? RBHsasþaRBHGgÁmanRBHT½y KWRBHefr³eFVI[RTg;eRtkGr edaykar BüakrN_sUm,Iy:agenH ehIyeTIbRtas;sYrbBaðafa GVIeTAEdleQµaHfa10 1-sutþnþbidk TIXnikay )adikvKÁ elx 19 TMB½r 330 . 2-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Tskni)at elx 50 TMB½r 118 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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ku m arbBað v NÑ n a BN’ n aGM B I k u m arbBað a

kñúgbBaðaenaH

-181-

RBHmanRBHPaKRtas;dl;Gkuslkmµbf

karBüakrN_TaMgLay eRkABIkarBüakrN_bBaðaenH

10

Tukkñúg

dUcEdlRBHmanRBH

PaKRtas;Tukfa ‹ {mñalPikçúTaMgLay kalebIPikçúenOyNayedayRbéB .l. kñúg Fm’ 10 enHÉg rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúgbc©úb,nñ)an . Fm’ 10 KWGVI ? KWGkuslkmµbfTaMg 10 . mñalPikçúTaMgLay kalebIPikçú enOyNay edayRbéB .l. kñúgFm’ 10 enHÉg rEmgeFVInUvTIbMputénTukçkñúgbc©úb,nñ )an . BaküNaEdltfaKteBalfa bBaða 10 ]eTÞs 10 evyüakrN_ 10 dUecñH BaküenHEdltfaKteBalehIy eRBaHGaRs½yehtuenH}¬1¦ . EmnBit sUm,Iy:agenaH kñúgTIenH eRBaHehtuEdlRBHefr³minnaMxøÜnÉg cUleTAR)afñaEtBüakrN_RBHGrhnþ

b¤eRBaHehtuEdlbBaðakmµ

Edl

RBHefr³BüakrN_edaybriyayenH CaBaküBüakrN_l¥ehIy eRBaHdUecñaH elakRbkbGgÁ 10 BYkNa elakehAfaRBHGrhnþ RBHefr³kalsEmþg karseRmcGgÁ 10 BYkenaH eTIbTUleqøIyedayeTsnaCabuKÁlaFidæanfa elakRbkbRBmedayGgÁ 10 elakehAfa RBHGrhnþ . eRBaHkñúgesckþI enH elakm©as;RbkbRBmedayGgÁ 10 BYkNa elakehAfaRBHGrhnþ Kb,IRCabfa GgÁ 10 BYkenaH RBHefr³ RtÚvRtas;sYrfa GVIeTAEdleQµaHfa 1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Tskni)at elx 50 TMB½r 118-119 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-182182

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

10 eTIbTUlbgðajR)ab; . k¾GgÁ 10 BYkenaH Kb,IRCabtamn½yEdl Rtas;TukkñúgRBHsURtTaMgLayCa edImy:agenHfa ‹ {¬PikçúTUlsYrfa¦ bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾ceRmIn RBHGgÁRTg;Rtas;fa Geskç³ Geskç³dUecñH

bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾ceRmIn PikçúCaGeskç³ etIedayehtub:unµan

y:ag . mñalPikçú PikçúkñúgsasnaenH CaGñkRbkbedaysmµaTidæi CaGeskç³ Rbkbedaysmµasgáb,³ Rbkbedaysmµakmµnþ³ Rbkbedaysmµavayam³

CaGeskç³ CaGeskç³ CaGeskç³

Rbkbedaysmµavaca

CaGeskç³

RbkbedaysmµaGaCIv³

CaGeskç³

Rbkbedaysmµasti

CaGeskç³

RbkbedaysmµasmaFi CaGeskç³ RbkbedaysmµajaN³ CaGeskç³ Rbkbedaysmµavimutiþ CaGeskç³ . mñalPikçú ¬Pikçú¦CaGeskç³ y:agenH Ég}¬1¦ .

brmtßeCatikay xuTÞk)zdækfay kumarbBaðvNÑna nidæita

karBN’nakumarbBaða én Gdækfa xuTÞk)az³ eQµaH brmtßeCatika cb; . 1>sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Tskni)at elx 51 TMB½r 25-26 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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5-mgÁlsutþvNÑna karBN’namgÁlsURt

niekçbb,eyaCnM

RbeyaCn_énkartaMgbT \LÚvenH dl;lMdab;karBN’naesckþIénmgÁlsURt EdlelIkCa bTbnÞab;GMBIkumarbBaða . kñúgTIenH ´nwgeBalRbeyaCn_énbTtaMgeLIg ehIyeTIbnwgBN’naesckþIénmgÁlsURtenaH

y:agNa

.

esckþIBit

RBHsURtenH RBHd¾manRBHPaKCam©as; sUm,Imin)anRtas;tamlMdab;enH Et ´eBaledIm,IsEmþgfakarrab;GanRBHsasna edaykardl;srN³ nig n½y tamRbePTsIl smaFi bBaØa RTg;sEmþgTukedaysikçabT TVtþigSakar³ nigkumarbBaðaenHNa sUm,ITaMgGs;enaH k¾CamgÁly:agéRkElg eRBaHGñk RtÚvkarmgÁl

caM)ac;RtÚveFVIBüayamy:agéRkElgkñúgmgÁlenaH

cMENkkarrab;GanRBHsasnaCaedImenaHCamgÁlenaH

n+uHÉg

.

bNÐitKb,IRCab

kartamlMGanénRBHsURtenH . enHCaRbeyaCn_énbTtaMgeLIgkñúgmgÁlsURtenaH .

bzmmhasgÁItikfa

kfaBN’nabzmmhasgÁayna k¾edIm,IBN’naesckþIénmgÁlsURtenaH EdlelIkCabTtaMgeLIgTuk y:agenH manmatikaCaRbFandUecñH ‹ ´nwgeBalviFIenHy:agenHfa BaküenHGñkNaeBal eBalkalNa

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-184-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

eBaleRBaHehtuNa kalnwgBN’naesckþIén)az³man

ÉvM CaedIm k¾nwg

eBalsmudæanEdlekItmgÁlkMNt;mgÁlenaH ehIynwgcg¥úlbgðajesckþI mgÁlénmgÁlsURtenaH .

vutþM eyn yTa ysµa ectM vtVa \mM viFw . elakeBalsMedAdl;BaküKW Évemµ sutM .l. PKvnþM Kafay GCÄPasi . EmnBit RBHsURtenH elakeBaledaysþab;t² Kña kñúgmatikaenaH mundMMbUgknøHKafaenHfa

mk . k¾RBHd¾manRBHPaKCam©as;enaH CasymÖÚ KWCaRBHBuT§xøÜnÉg minman Gacarü eRBaHdUecñaH BaküenH ¬niTanvcn³¦ eTIbminEmnRBHtRmas;rbs; RBHd¾manRBHPaKGrhnþsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RBHGgÁenaH . eRBaHehtuEdl manBakü eBalfa BaküenH nrNaeBal eBalkalNa nwgeBaleRBaH ehtuNa . dUecñaH eTIbsUmeBalcg¥úlbgðajdUecñHfa BaküenHRBHGannÞ eBal nwgeBalkñúgevlaeFVImhasgÁaynaRKadMbUg . esckþIBit kareFVImhasgÁaynaRKadMbUgenH KYrRCabmktaMgGMBIedIm edIm,IkarqøatkñúgniTanvcn³ BaküedImrbs;sURtTaMgBYgdUcteTAenH ‹ kalRBHd¾manRBHPaKRBHGgÁCaTIBwgrbs;elak RTg;bMeBjBuT§kic© cab;epþImRbkasRBHFmµcRk drabdl;eR)assuPTÞbriBVaCk ehIyesþcbriniBVan edayGnu)aTiessniBVanFatu eBleTobPøWéf¶eBjbUrmIExBisax cenøaHedIm sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

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salRBwkSTaMgKU kñúgsalv½n]TüanCakEnøglMEhrbs;mløkSRt CitRkúg kusinara . RBHmhaksSbCasgÇetßrrbs;PikçúRbmaN 70/0000 rUb Edl )anRbCuMKña kñúgéf¶EckRBHbrmsarIrikFaturbs;RBHmanRBHPaK rB£kdl;Bakü Pikçúcas;suPTÞeBal

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{mñalGavuesaTaMgLay GñkTaMgLay kMuesayesakeLIy kMuxSwkxSÜl GNþWtGNþkeLIy eyIgTaMgLay eQµaHfa putRsLHehIy GMBIRBHmhasmN³enaH eRBaHfa eyIgTaMgLay RBHmhasmN³ enaHEtgebotebon fa GMeBIenH KYrdl;GñkTaMgLay GMeBIenH minKYrdl;GñkTaMgLayeT \LÚv enHRsÜlehIy eyIgral;Kña cg;eFVInUvGMeBINa nwgeFVInUvGMeBIenaHk¾)an min cg;eFVInUvGMeBINa nwgmineFVInUvGMeBIenaH k¾)an}¬1¦ RBHmhaksSb³RtiHriHfa BYkPikçúGaRkk;yl;fa )avcn³ KW Fmµvin½y mansasþaknøgehIy )anbkS BYknwgnaMKñasgát;sgáin eFVIRBHsT§mµ[vinaseTAminyUreLIy ehtuenHrEmg RbRBwtþeTA)an . drabNa Fmµvin½y sßitesßrR)akddrabenaH )avcn³ KW Fmµ v i n ½ y k¾ m i n eQµ a Hfa mansasþ a knø g eTAehI y Edr . smdU c Edl RBHd¾manRBHPaKRtas;faTukfa‹ 1-vinybidk culøvKÁ elx 11 TMB½r 358 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

eya eva GannÞ maya Femµa c vineya c eTsieta bBaØetþa esa eva mmc©eyn stßa . mñalGannÞ Fm’NakþI vin½yNakþI EdltfaKt {

sEmþgehIy

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kuMdUecñaHeLIy caMeyIg nwgCYyKñasgÁaynaFm’ nigvin½y edayviFIEdl

RBHsasnaKb,IsßitenAGs;kalyUr . mü:ageTotesat eyIgksSb³ KWRBHd¾manRBHPaKRTg;GnueRKaH eday saFarN³briePaKkñúgcIvrRTg;fa ‹ {mñalksSb³ GñknwgesøókdNþb;sMBt;sm,kéFµ Carbs;bgSúkUl rbs;tfaKt EdltfaKtElgeRbIR)as; b¤eT?}¬2¦ ehIyRTg;GnueRKaHeday RTg;sßabnaeyIgTukesµInwgRBHGgÁkñúg]tþrimnusSFm’erOy² edayGnubuBVviharFm’ 9¬3¦ nigGPiBaØa 6 edayn½yCaedImfa {mñalPikçúTaMgLay tfaKt R)afñadrabNa k¾s¶b;s¶at;cakkamTaMgLay s¶at;cakGkuslFm’TaMgLay cUldl;bzmCÄan .l. drabenaH . mñalPikçúTaMgLay cMENkbsSb³ 1-sutþnþbidk TIXnikay mhavKÁ elx 16 TMB½r 321 . 2-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay niTanvKÁ elx 32 TMB½r 172 . 3-esckþIBisþarmankñúgKm<Irsutþnþbidk TIXnikay )adikvKÁ elx 19 TMB½r 240 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

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R)afñadrabNa s¶b;s¶at;cakkamTaMgLay s¶at;cakGkuslFm’TaMgLay .l. cUldl;bzmCÄan .l. drabenaH}¬1¦ . déTGVIesateTot

RBHd¾manRBHPaKRTg;RCabfa

eyIgenaHnwgmanbMNul PikçúksSb³enH

nwgCaGñk

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enHhak;dUcCaRBHraCaRTg;GnueRKaHRBHraC»rs

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nigRBHraC\sSriyys

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edIm,ICYyKña

sgÁaynaFm’ nigvin½y dUcEdlRBHGannÞeBalTukehIyfa ‹ {lMdab;enaHÉg RBHmhaksSb³manGayu ehAPikçúTaMgLaymkfa mñalGavuesaTaMgLay sm½ymYy ´KitfanwgRtac;eTAbiNÐ)atkñúgRkúg)avaenH

rYcehIynwgeTAkan;Rkúgkusinara

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eyIgral;KñasgÁaynanUvFm’

1-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay niTanvKÁ elx 32 TMB½r 169 . 2-vinybidk culøvKÁ elx 11 TMB½r 356 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-188-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

nigvin½y tMNeTAmux GkuslFm’muxCanwgrugerOgeLIg kuslFm’muxCanwg sabsUnüeTA sPav³minCavin½ymuxCanwgrugerOgeLIg vin½ymuxCanwgsabsUnüeTA tMNeTAmux BYkbuKÁlCaGFmµvaTI nwgmankmøaMgeLIg BYkbuKÁlCa FmµvaTI

nwgfykmøaMgcuH

BYkbuKÁlCaGvinyvaTI

nwgmankmøaMgeLIgBYk

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GnaKamI

nigRBHxINaRsBsukçvibsSk³

EdlRTRTg;

RBHbriytþ KWnvgÁstßúsasn_TaMgGs; CacMnYneRcInry eRcInBan;rUb eRCIs erIsykPikçúCaRBHGrhnþRbePTviC¢a 3 CaedImRbmaN 499 EdlRTRTg; briytþ

KWRBHéRtbidkTaMgGs;

bnøúHbdismÖiTa

manGanuPaBFMéRkElg

edayeRcIn KWRBHd¾manRBHPaKRTg;elIktemáIgCaÉtTKÁ³ EdlRBHsgÁItikacarüR)afñaeBalTukfa

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RBHmhaksSb³d¾manGayu

eRCIserIsRBHGrhnþ 499 rUb}¬2¦ . sYrfa ehtuGVIRBHefr³eTIbeFVI[xVHmYyrUb . eqøIyfa edIm,ITuk»kas dl;RBHGannÞ d¾ manGayu eRBaHfa ebIevorcakRBHGannÞ d¾ manGayue cj 1- vinybidk culøvKÁ elx 11 TMB½r 358 . 2- vinybidk culøvKÁ elx 11 TMB½r 359 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

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ehIyBuMGaceFVIsgÁaynaFm’)aneT . t,itfa RBHGannÞenaHCaRBHeskç³enA mankic©EdlRtÚveFVI eRBaHdUecñaH eTIbminGaccUlrYm)an EteRBaHehtu nvgÁstßúsasn_ mansutþ³ nigeKyü³CaedImNamYy EdlRBHTsBl RTg;sEmþg ehIy eQµaHfa RBHGannÞmin)anTTYlcMeBaHRBHP®kþrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKmin man eRBaHdUecñaH eTIbminGacevorRBHGannÞdkecj)an . RbsinebIRBHGannÞ sUm,IenACaeskç³buKÁlk¾eday

KYrEtRBHefr³eRCIserIsyk

eRBaHCaGñk

man]bkar³eRcIn cMeBaHkareFVIsgÁaynaFm’ EteRBaHehtuGVI eTIbRBHefr³ mineRCIsyk . eRBaHedIm,IeCosvagBIBakütiHedol . EmnBit RBHefr³man karsñiT§sñalelIslb;cMeBaHRBHGannÞ . Bity:agenaHEmn sUm,IRBHGannÞ manRBHeksasáÚvehIy RBHefr³enAEteRbonRbedARBHGannÞ edayvaT³fa Caekµgfa {ekµgmñak;enHminsÁal;RbmaNesaH}¬1¦. mü:ageTot RBHGannÞ enH ekItkñúgRtkUlskü³CaRBHGnuCrbs;RBHtfaKt Ca»rsrbs;«Bukma . kñúgkareRCIserIsRBHGannÞ PikçúTaMgLay nwgsmÁal;elakfa lMeGogeRBaH RsLaj; Kb,ItiHedolfa RBHefrHminykBYkPikçúEdl seRmcGeskçbdismÖiTa EbrCaeRCIsykRBHGannÞEdl seRmcCaeskçbdismÖiTavij . RBHefr³ kalnwgeCosvagBakütiHedolenaH eTIbKitfa {evorRBHGannÞ 1-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay niTanvKÁ elx 32 TMB½r 166 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

ecjehIy BuMGaceFVIsgÁaynaekIt eyIgnwg eRCIserIsyk eBlPikçú TaMgLayGnumti¬yl;RBm¦b:ueNÑaH

dUecñHehIy

eTIbmin)aneRCIserIs

ykedayxøÜnelak . sm½yenaH

PikçúTaMgLaynaMKñaGgVrRBHefr³

edIm,IeRCIserIs

RBHGannÞxøÜnÉg dUcEdlRBHGannÞeBalTukfa ‹ {PikçúTaMgLay niyayBakünwgRBHmhaksSb³manGayufa bBiRt RBHkruNad¾ceRmIn RBHGannÞmanGayuenH enACaeskçbuKÁlBitEmn Et elakGacnwgluHedayqnÞaKti eTasaKti emahaKti PyaKtieT Fm’kþI vin½ykþIRBHGannÞ)ansikSaeronsURt

kñúgsmñak;RBHmanRBHPaKCaeRcIn

bBiRtRBHkruNad¾ceRmIn ebIdUecñaHsUmRBHefr³ eRCIserIsykRBHGannÞ manGayupg}¬1¦ . sm½yenaHÉg RBHmhaksSb³ eTIb)aneRCIserIs RBHGannÞcUlpg . RBHGannÞ

RBHefr³eTIb)anmancMnYnKRmb; 500 rUb rab;TaMg

EdlRBHefr³eRCIserIsykedayGnumtirbs;PikçúTaMgLay

edayRbkardUecñH . lMdab;enaH PikçúCaefr³TaMgLayBiPakSaKñafa eyIgnaMKñasgÁaynaFm’ vin½yenATIkEnøgNa ? )anseRmcKñafa TIRkúgraCRKwH manTIeKacrGahar 1-vinybidk culøvKÁ elx 11 TMB½r 359 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

-191-

eRcInmanesnasn³sm,Úr ebIdUecñaH eyIgnwgenAcaMvsSa naMKñaeFVIsgÁayna enATIRkúgraCRKwH PikçúBYkdéT ¬Edlmin)aneRCIserIs¦ minKb,IcUlcaMvsSa enATIRkúgraCRKwH . eRBaHehtuGVIeTIbPikçúefr³TaMgenaH seRmcKñadUecñH . eRBaHelakKitfa kareFVIsgÁaynaenHCafavrkmµrbs;eyIg buKÁlCavisPaK minRtÚvKña

Kb,IcUlmkkan;kNþalCMnuMsgÇehIyruHerIfavrkmµenaH)an

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sm½yenaH RBHmhaksSbetßr eTIbRbkasedayjtþiTutiykmµ . Bakü RbkasenaH Kb,IRCabtamn½yEdleBalTukehIykñúgsgÁItixn§k³¬1¦enaHÉg . sm½yenaH rab;taMgBIRBHmanRBHPaKesþcRTg;briniBVan kalsaFukILa¬2¦ knøghYseTA 7 éf¶ karbUCaRBHFatuknøgeTA 7 éf¶eTot RBHmhaksSb³dwgfa eBlevlaknøgeTAknøHExehIy enAsl;eBlmYy ExknøH eToténKimðrdUv k¾CittifIcUlcaMvsSa eTIbeBalfa Gñkd¾manGayuTaMgLay

1-GdækfaenHeXIjfa sgÁItixn§k³ bu:Enþkñúgvinybidk culøvKÁ elx 11 TMB½r 357 eXIjfa bBa©stikkçn§k³ . 2-saFukILa b¤>>> RkIDa karelgsaFu> El,gsaFu karrIkraysb,ay edaybeBa©j vacafa

saFu

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RBmKñab¤xøaMg²erOy²

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

eyIgnwgnaMKñaeTARkúgraCRKwH sUm,IRBHGnuruT§etßr

k¾naMBYkPikçúBak;kNþaledIrtampøÚvEtmYy

k¾naMPikçúBak;kNþaleTAtampøÚvmYyeTot

RBHGannÞkan;)aRtcIvrrbs;RBHmanRBHPaK

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cMENk

EdlBYkPikçúEhhmeq<aHeTA

RkúgsavtßImun ehIyeTIbnwgeTARkúgraCRKwH k¾EbkpøÚvcarikeTARkúgsavtßI . kñúgTIkEnøgEdlRBHGannÞeTAdl;²

k¾mansMeLgesakseRggy:agxøaMgfa

bBiRtelakm©as;GannÞ elakm©as;Tukdak;RBHsasþaenATINa eTIbnimnþmk EtmYyGgÁÉg . eBlRBHefr³dl;TIRkúgsavtßItamlMdab; mansMeLgesak seRggknÞk;kenÞjéRkElg dUckñúgsm½yEdlRBHmanRBHPaKesþcbriniBVan. )anB¤fa sm½yenaH elakm©as;GannÞ)anlYgelammhaCnenaH edayFmµIkfa EdlRbkbedayGnic©ta karmineTogCaedIm eTIbcUleTA kan;RBHvihareCtBn ebIkTVarRBHKn§kudi EdlRBHTsBlRbfab; ykERK taMgmkeKaH

ehIye)assm¥atRBHKn§kudi

cak;ecalsRmam

KWpáaeQI

eRkómsVit naMykERKtaMg cUleTATuktamkEnøgedImvij )aneFVIvtþbdibtþi RKb;y:agEdlKYreFVI dUcCasm½yRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;enARBHCnµ . RBHefr³RTaMqan;fñaMbBa©úHlayCamYyTwkedaHkñúgéf¶TI 2 edIm,IeFVIkay EdlmanFatuF¶n;[Rsal eRBaHcab;epþImGMBIRBHmanRBHPaKesþcbriniBVan RBHGannÞmankarQreRcIn GgÁúyeRcIn eTIbGgÁúyenAEtkñúgviharbu:eNÑaH EdlelakGacdl; eTIbeBalcMeBaHbursEdlsuPmaNBeRbIeTAfa ‹ sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

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mñalGñkkMelaH éf¶enHminTan;smKYreT eRBaHGatµaqan;fñaMbBa©úH caM RBwkEs¥kenH GatµaeTIbcUleTA . éf¶TI 2 eLIg RBHefr³ manRBHectketßr³ CabcäasmN³Cab;tam eRkayeTIbcUleTA RtÚvsuPmaNB sYrbBaðaehIy)aneBalsURtTI 10 eQµaHsuPsURt¬1¦kñúgTIXnikay . sm½yenaH RBHefr³suM[suPmaNB CYyCYsCulsnÞHTVarEdl)ak;EbkkñúgRBHvihareCtBn sm½yCitcUlvsSa eTIbnimnþeTAkan;RkúgraCRKwH . RBHmhaksSbetßr nigRBHGnuruT§etßrk¾y:ag enaHEdr dwknaMBYkPikçúTaMgGs;eTAkan;RkúgraCRKwHdUcKña . sm½yenaH kñúgTIRkúgraCRKwHmanvtþFM² 18 kEnøg RKb;vtþsuT§Et mansMramEdleKTmøak;ecaleTA

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eRBaHkñúgeBlEdlRBHmanRBHPaK

esþcbriniBVan PikçúTaMgLaykan;)aRtcIvrrbs;xøÜn e)aHbg;vtþ nigbrievN Gs;ehIyeTA . sm½yenaH RBHefr³TaMgLayKitKñafa eyIgnwgCYyKña CYsCulviharRTúDeRTam

rhUtGs;mYyExdMbUgénvsSa

edIm,IbUCaRBHBuT§

tRmas; nigedaHsmþItiHedolrbs;BYktirßiy . t,itfa BYktirßiynaMKñatiH edolfa

BYksav½krbs;RBHsmNeKatm

kalRKÚenAmanRBHCnµnaMKña

beRmI RKaEdlRKÚbriniBVanehIynaMKñae)aHbg;ecal . elakGFib,ayfa

1-sutþnþbidk TIXnikay sIlkçn§vKÁ elx 15 TMB½r 160 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-194-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

RBHefr³TaMgLayKitKña dUecñHeyIgk¾edIm,IedaHBakütiHedolrbs;tirßiyBYk enaH . smdUcEdlelakeBalTukfa ‹ {RKaenaH PikçúTaMgLayCaefr³manesckþIriHKitdUecñHfa mñalGavuesa bdisgçrNkmµ

KWkarCYsCulesnasn³Edldac;dacFøúHFaøy

RBHman-

RBHPaKRTg;sresIrehIy mñalGavuesaTaMgLay ebIdUecñaH KYrEteyIg ral;KñaCYsCulesnasn³ Edldac;dacFøúHFøayGs;ExCadMbUgsin dl; mkExCakNþal eyIgnwgRbCuMKñasgÁaynanUvFm’ nigvin½y}¬1¦ . éf¶TI 2 RBHefr³BYkenaH naMKñaeTAQrEk,rTVarRBHraCnievsn_rbs; RBH)aTGCatsRtÚv . esþcyagmkRTg;fVaybgÁMehIybvarNafa bBiRt elakm©as;TaMgLay

ejamnwgeFVIGVI)anxøHeT

elakm©as;RtÚvkarGVI

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RBHefr³TaMgLayfVayRBHBrsUmhtßkmµ edIm,IRtÚvkarCYsCulvtþFM² 18 kEnøg . RBHraCaRTg;TTYlfa RbéBNas;elakm©as; ehIyeTIbRBHraC TanmnusSeFVIkar . RBHefr³TaMgLay[karCYsCulviharTaMgGs; rhUt Gs;mYyExdMbUg . bnÞab;mk eTIbfVayRBHBrRBHraCafa bdisgçrNkmµ karCYsCulesnasn³Edldac;dacFøúHFøayrYceRscehIy \LÚvenH Gatµa PaBTaMgLaynwgnaMKñaeFVIsgÁaynaFm’ nigvin½y . RBHraCamanRBHtRmas; fa RbéBNas;elakm©as; sUmRBHKuNm©as;emtþaeFVItamsb,aycuH kargar 1-vinybidk culøvKÁ elx 11 TMB½r 361 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

-195-

GaNacRkCaParkic©rbs;´RBHkruNa kargarFmµcRkCaParkic©rbs;RBHKuN m©as;TaMgLay

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vimanRBhµ eR)asRbTan[RkalkRmalGasn³Cakb,iy³ 500 mantémørab; min)an kñúgmNÐbd¾FMenaH sRmab;Pikçú 500 rUb [RkalGasn³ RBHefr³ EbrmuxeTATisxageCIg EbrxñgeTATisxagt,Úg RkalFmµasn³ sRmab;GgÁúy sEmþgFm’EdlKYrCaGasn³sRmab;RBHmanRBHPaK

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

PikçúTaMgLay

eBalcMeBaHRBHGannÞd¾manGayufa

GavuesaGannÞ

RBwkenH Caéf¶RbCuMsgÇ cMENkxøÜnelakCaeskç³ enAmankic©RtÚveFVI eRBaH ehtuenaH elakeTIbKYreTARbCuM sUmelakcUrkuMRbmaTeLIy . sm½yenaH RBHGannÞRtiHriHfa RBwkenHCaéf¶RbCuM karEdleyIgenA Caeskç³eTARbCuMBuMsm KYreLIydUecñH eTIbenAedaykayKtasti rhUtGs;raRtId¾eRcIn evlaCitPøW eTIbcuHcakTIc®gámcUleTAkan;vihar nwkdl;kalR)afñanwgswgsRmak . eCIgTaMgBIrputBIépÞdI nigRBHsIs³ minTan;dl;exñIy kñúgcenøaHenaH citþk¾min Rbkan;maMcitþ k¾rYcputcakGasv³TaMgLay . EmnBit elakm©as;enHenAxageRkA edaykarc®gámmin GaceFVIKuN viess[ekIt)an eTIbRtiHriHfa RBHmanRBHPaK)anRtas;cMeBaHGatµaGj Tukfa mñalGannÞ GñkmanbuNü EdleFVITukehIy cUrRbkbesckþIBüayamerOy ² k¾nwgCabuKÁl \tmanGasv³ qab;rh½smindUecñaH ? k¾Fmµta fa RBHBuT§TaMgLayRtas;Tukminxus eyIgR)arB§esckþIBüayam xøaMgkøa eBk eRBaHehtuenaH citþrbs;eyIgeTIbRbRBwtþeTAedayesckþIray may eNðIycuH caMeyIgRbkbesckþIBüayamlµm eTIbcuHcakTIc®gám Qrlag RBH)aT lagRBH)aTrYcehIy k¾cUleTAkan;vihar GgÁúyelIERK Kitnwg sRmakbnþic k¾beg¥ankaydak;elIERK . eCIgTaMgBIrputBIépÞkRmal ehIy RBHsIs³ minTan;dl;exñIypg kñúgcenøaHenaH citþRbkan;maM k¾rYcputcak Gasv³TaMgLay . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

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RBHGrhtþrbs;RBHefr³ evorcak\riyabf 4 eRBaHehtuenaH kal sY r fa RBHsasnaenH Pi k ç ú r U b Na mi n GgÁ ú y mi n edk mi n Qr mi n edI r seRmc RBHGrhtþk¾nwgeqøIyfa RBHGannÞefr³ . kñúgéf¶TI 2 Pikçúefr³TaMgLay qan;Ptþahar Tukdak;)aRt cIvrehIy k¾RbCuMKñakñúgFmµsPa

.

cMENkRBHGannÞR)afñanwg[sgÇdwgkarseRmc

RBHGrhtþrbs;xøÜn eTIbminnimnþeTAnigPikçúTaMgLay . PikçúTaMgLay kal GgÁúyelIGasn³Edldl;xøÜn²

tamlMdab;

k¾GgÁúyevorGasn³rbs;

RBHGannÞetßr . kñúgTIenaH kalmanRBHefr³BYkxøHsYrfa enaHCaGasn³ rbs;nrNa k¾mansMeLgeqøIyfa rbs;RBHGannÞ . sYrfa RBHGannÞnimnþ eTATINaehIy ? sm½yenaH RBHefr³rMBwgfa \LÚvenHCaeBlEdleyIgeTA )anehIy . dUecñH kalsEmþgGanuPaBrbs;xøÜn eTIbERCkEpndIbgðajxøÜn elIGasn³rbs;xøÜn . GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa nimnþmktamGakasGgÁúyk¾man . kalRBHGannÞGgÁúyRsÜlbYlehIy

RBHmhaksSbetßreTIbRbwkSa

nwgPikçúTaMgLayfa {mñalGavuesaTaMgLay eyIgnwgnaMKñasgÁaynaGVImun Fm’ b¤vin½y} . PikçúTaMgLayeTIbeBalfa bBiRtRBHmhaksSb³ Fmµta vin½yCaGayurbs;RBHBuT§sasna kalvin½ysßitesßrenA RBHsasnak¾ eQµaHfa sßitesßrenAEdr eRBaHdUecñaH eyIgnwgsgÁaynavin½ymuncuH . RBHefr³ sYrfa

nwgRbKl;[nrNasgÁaynaRBHvin½y

?

PikçúTaMgLayeBalfa

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

RBH])ali d¾manGayu . RBHefr³sYrCMTas;fa RBHGannÞBuMGacb¤ ? Pikçú TaMgLayeBalfa minEmndUecñaHeT b:uEnþfa RBHmanRBHPaKkalKg;RBHCnµ enAeLIy RTg;GaRs½ykarsikSaRBHvin½y eTIbRTg;sßabna RBH])alITuk kñúgtMENgÉtþTKÁfa{{

ÉtTKÁM Pikçev mm savkanM PikçÚnM vinyFranM

yTiTM ])li . mñalPikçúTaMgLay bNþaBYkPikçúGñkRTRTg;vin½y EdlCa

sav½krbs;tfaKteRscnwg])ali}¬1¦ . eRBaHdUecñaH ´nwgsYrRBH])alietßr naMKñasgÁaynaRBHvin½y . bnÞab;GMBIenaH RBHefr³ eTIbsmµtixøÜn eday xøÜnÉg

edIm,IsYrvin½y

cMENkRBH])alietßrvijk¾smµtixøÜn

edIm,IeqøIy

RBHvin½y . kñúgesckþIenaH man)alIdUecñH RBHmhaksSb³epþógfa ‹

suNatu em Gavuesa segÇa yTi sgÇsS btþkløM GhM ])lw vinyM buecäyüM . mñalGavuesa sgÇsþab;´ ebIsgÁItikmµenH {

mankalKYr dl;sgÇehIy ´Kb,IsYrvin½ynwgRBH])ali}¬2¦. sUm,IRBH])alik¾epþógfa ‹

suNatu em Penþ segÇa yTi sgÇsS btþkløM GhM Gaysµta mhaksSebn vinyM buedæa viseC¢yüM . bBiRtRBHsgÇd¾ {

1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Ék-Tukni)at elx 40 TMB½r 55 . 1-vinybidk culøvKÁ elx 11 TMB½r 362 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

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ceRmIn sUmsgÇsþab;´ ebIsgÁItikmµenH mankalKYrdl;sgÇehIy RBHmha ksSb³d¾manGayu

RtÚvsYrRBHvin½ycMeBaH´²

k¾RtÚvedaHRsay

¬kñúgkal

\LÚvenH¦} ¬1¦. RBH])ali kalsmµtixøÜnedayxøÜnÉgy:agenHehIy k¾eRkakcak Gasn³ RKgcIvreqogsµamçag sMBHPikçúCaefr³ ehIyGgÁúyelIFmµasn³ cab;pøiteFVIedayPøúk . tBIenaH RBHmhaksSbetßr eTIbsYrvin½yTaMgGs; taMgEtBIbzm)araCikCaedImeTAnwgRBH])alietßr

.

RBH])alietßr

eqøIynUvRBHvin½y PikçúTaMg 500 rUb k¾sURtRBm²Kña taMgGMBIbzm)araCik sikçabT RBmTaMgniTan sUm,IsikçabTeRkAenaH k¾sURty:agenaHeRBaHehtuenaH Kb,Ikan;ykerOgTaMgGs;tamGdækfavin½y . RBH])alietßr kalsgÁayna vin½ybidkTaMgGs; RBmTaMgviPgÁTaMg 2 ¬PikçúviPgÁ PikçúnIviPgÁ¦ RBmeday Km<Irxn§k³ nigbrivar³ edayn½yenHehIyk¾dak;pøitPøúk cuHcakFmµasn³ fVaybgÁMPikçúcas; ehIyk¾GgÁúyelIGasn³EdlKYrdl;xøÜn . RBHmhaksSbetßr kalsgÁaynavin½yehIy bMNgnwgsgÁayna RBHsU R t ni g RBHGPi F mµ eTI b sY r Pi k ç ú T aM g Layfa elakTaM g Laykal sgÁaynaRBHsURt nigRBHGPiFmµ nwgRbKl;Fur³[dl;buKÁlNa sgÁayna 1-vinybidk culøvKÁ elx 11 TMB½r 362 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-200-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

RBHsURt nigRBHGPiFmµ . PikçúTaMgLayR)ab;fa RbKl;Fur³[RBHGannÞetßrcuH . kalenaH RBHmhaksSb³eTIbepþógsgÇfa ‹

suNatu em Gavuesa segÇa yTi sgÇsS btþþkløM GhM GannÞM FmµM buecäyüM . mñalGavuesa sgÇcUrsþab;´ ebIsgÁItikmµmankal {

KYr dl;sgÇehIy ´Kb,IsYrnUvFm’cMeBaHRBHGannÞ}¬1¦ . kalenaH RBHGannÞk¾epþógsgÇfa ‹

suNatu em Penþ segÇa yTi sgÇsS btþkløM GhM Gaysµta mhaksSebn FmµM buedæa visSeC¢yüM . bBiRtsgÇd¾ceRmIn {

sUmsgÇsþab;´ ebIsgÁItikmµmankalKYrdl;sgÇehIy RBHmhaksSb³ manGayu nwgsYrFm’cMeBaH´}¬2¦. kalenaH RBHGannÞeRkakcakGasn³ RKgcIvr eqogsµamçagfVay bgÁMPikçúCaefr³ehIy k¾GgÁúyelIFmµasn³ kan;ykpøitPøúk . lMdab;enaH RBHmhaksSbetßr sYrRBHsURt nigRBHGPiFmµnwgRBHGannÞfa GavuesaGannÞ RBhµCalsURt

RBHmanRBHPaKRtas;kñúgTINa

?

eqøIyfa

Rtas;kñúg

sMNak;RBHraC]TüaneQµaHGm<ldæika EdlenAcenøaHRkúgraCRKwH nignKr nalnÞa . sYrfa R)arB§cMeBaHGñkNa ? eqøIyfa RTg;R)arB§sub,iybriBVaCk 1-vinybidk culøvKÁ elx 11 TMB½r 364 . 2-vinybidk culøvKÁ elx 11 TMB½r 364 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

-201-

nigRBhµTtþmaNB . lMdab;enaH RBHmhaksSb³sYrRBHGannÞ dl;niTan énRBhµCalsURt sYrTaMgbuKÁl . sYrfa GavuesaGannÞ k¾samBaØplsURt Rtas;kñúgTINa?

eqøIyfa enAÉcmáarsVayrbs;eBTüCIvkRkúgraCRKwH

.

sYrfa Rtas;cMeBaHGñkNa . eqøIyfa cMeBaHRBH)aTGCatsRtÚveveThibuRt »rsRBHnageveThI . lMdab;enaH RBHmhaksSb³eTIbsYrRBHGannÞdl; niTanénsamBaØplsURt sYrdl;buKÁl . RBHmhaksSb³sYrsUm,ITaMg 4 nikay eday])ayenHenHÉg RBHGannÞ RtÚvRBHmhaksSb³sYrehIy sYreTotk¾eqøIy)anTaMgGs;

.

bzmmhasgÁItisgÁaynaFMRKadMbUgenH

RBHefr³ 500 rUbCYyKñaeFVI .

sethi bBa©hi kta etn bBa©stati c eferehv kttþa c efrikati bvuc©ti .

bzmsgÁItikareFVIsgÁaynaFM RKadMbUgEdlRBHefr³ 500 rUbeFVI edayehtuenaH eTIbelakehAfa

bBa©sta ehtuEtPikçúTaMgenaHsuT§

Et

CaRBHefr³TaMgGs; eTIbehAfa efrika ¬lT§iefrvaT¦ . kalbzmsgÁItienH kMBugdMeNIrkar kalRBHGannÞKWRBHmhaksSb³ kalsYrKm<IrTIXnikay nigKm<IrmCÄimnikayCaedImGs;ehIy kalnwgsYr Km<IrxuTÞknikaytamlMdab; kñúgcugBaküEdlelaksYrCaedIm y:agenHfa GavuesaGannÞ mgÁlsURtRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;kñúgTINa dUecñH eTIbsYr sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

dl;niTankñúgBaküenHfa sYrTaMgniTan sYrTaMgbuKÁl . RBHGannÞ bMNg nwgeBalniTanenaH[Bisþarfa Rtas;y:agNa GñkNasþab;mk sþab;kal Na ehIyGñkNaeBal eBalenATINa eBaldl;GñkNa nwgeBal esckþIenaH[Gs; kalnwgsEmþgesckþIenaHfa Rtas;Tuky:agenH . ´)an sþab;mk

sm½ymYy

RBHmanRBHPaKRtas;enAÉRkúgsavtßI

Rtas;dl;

Évemµ sutM ÉkM smyM PKva savtßiyM vihrti eCtven GnafbiNÐiksS Garaem .l. PKvnþM Kafay GCÄPasi .

eTvtadUecñH eTIbeBalfa

BaküenH RBHGannÞeBalTuky:agenH . k¾ÉBaküenaH Kb,IRCabfa elak eBalTukkñúgevlaeFVIbzmmhasgÁIti . \LÚvenH nwgGFib,ayesckþIenHfa Rtas;eRBaHehtuGVI . eRBaH ehtuEdlRBHmhaksSb³sYrdl;niTandUecñaH

eTIbelakeBalniTanenaH

BisþartaMgEtBIedIm mü:ageTot eRBaHehtuEteTvtaBYkxøH eXIjRBHGannÞ GgÁúyelIFmµasn³

ecameramedayKN³GñkCMnaj

eTIbekItcitþKitfa

RBHGannÞenHCa eTevhmunI¬1¦ sUm,IedayRbRktI rab;taMgEtBIenAkñúgskü³

bNÐieta hi jaNsgçaetn eveTn |hti sBVkic©ani kerati tsµa eveTehati vuc©ti . eveTeha c esa muni cati eveThmuni . esckþIfa bNÐit EtgBüayam KWfaEtgeFVInUv sBVkic© 1-

edayevT eBalKWjaN¬R)aCJa¦ eRBaHehtuenaH eTIbelakehAfa evThbuKÁl . buKÁl Ca eveTh³pg CaGñkR)aCJpg eQµaHfa eveThmunI . sartßb,kasinI Gdækfa sMyutþnikay . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

-203-

RtkUl CaTayaTrbs;RBHmanRBHPaK sUm,IEtRBHmanRBHPaKk¾RTg;elIk eLIgTukkñúgtMENgÉtTKÁ³dl;eTA 5 sßan CaGñkRbkbedayGcäriyGBÖÚt Fm’

4

Rbkar

CaTIRsLaj;eBjcitþrbs;bris½T

4

\LÚvenHTMngCa

FmµraCTayaTrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKekItCaGñkRtas;dwg . dUecñaHRBHGannÞ dwgsBVdl;brivitká³pøÚvcitþrbs;eTvtaTaMgenaH edaycitþrbs;xøÜnÉg Gt; RTaM karelItMekIgKuNEdlminmanBitenaH min)anedIm,IsEmþgPar³ Edl xøÜn RtwmCasav½k eTIbeBalfa

Évemµ sutM ÉkM smyM PKva .l.

GCÄPasi . kñúgcenøaHenH RBHGrhnþ 500 rUb nigeTvtaeRcInBan; k¾sresIr RBHGannÞfa saFu saFu . EpnmhaRbfBIk¾keRmIk ePøógpáaeQInanak¾RCúH GMBIGakas esckþIGs©arüy:agdéTk¾R)akdeLIgy:ageRcIn ehIyeTvtaTaMgLay k¾ekItesckþIsegVKfa BaküNa´)ansþab;GMBIRBHP®kþRBHmanRBHPaK Bakü enaH sUm,IehtukarN_knøgBIckçúvis½yehIy k¾ekItmk)an . BaküenH RBHGannÞ sUm,InwgeBalkñúgkareFVIbzmmhasgÁIti k¾Kb,IRCabfa elakeBaleRBaHehtu enH edayRbkardUecñH . edaykarBN’naRtwmEtb:ueNÑH k¾CakarRbkas esckþ I é nknø H KafaenHfa {

vutþM eyn yTa ysµa ectM vtVa \mM viFw

eBalviFIenHfa GñkNaeBal eBalkñúg kalNa eBaleRBaHehtuGVI } .

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

Évmic©aTi)zvNÑna BN’na)az³fa ÉvM CaedIm

\LÚvenH edIm,IRbkasesckþIEdlse®gÁaH edaycMNgeCIgCaedIm

Évmic©aTi)zsS GtßM nanb,kareta esckþIén)az³fa ÉvM CaedI m edayRbkarepSg² \LÚvenH sU mGFib,aydUecñH s½BÞ fa ÉvM enH

y:agenHfa

Kb,Iyl;fa eRbIkñúgGtßTaMgLaymanCaedImfa esckþIeRbó RbóbeFob esckþI

ENnaM esckþIelI lIktemáIg esckþItiHedol karTTYlBakü Gakar³ kar

ÉvM s½BÞenH eRbIkñúgesckþIeRbób eFob dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImy:agenHfa {ÉvM Caetn mec©n ktþBVM kuslM BhuM kuslEdlstVekItmkehIy KYreFVI[eRcIny:agenaH} . eRbIkñúg esckþIENnaM Nna dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa {Évenþ GPikámitBVM Évenþ bdiKmitBVM GñkRtÚvQanedIreTAmuxy:agenH GñkRtÚvfyeRkayy:agenH} . eRbIkñúgesckþIsresIr dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa { ÉvemtM PKva ÉvemtM suKt bBiRtRBHd¾manRBHPaK ehtun+uHy:agenHÉg bBiRtRBHsuKt ehtu n+uHy:agenH } . eRbIkñúgesckþItiHedol dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa { ÉvemvM bnayM vslI ysµw va tsS muNÐksS smNksS vNÑM Pasti . Bnül; karhamesckþIdéT . BitdUecñaH

¬1¦

¬2¦

¬3¦

emcéRgenH Føab;EtGBa©wg h‘aneBalsresIrsmN³Rtegal kñúgTIepþs 1-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay FmµbTKafa elx 52 TMB½r 32 . 2-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay ctukáni)at elx 42 TMB½r 310 . 3-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay tikni)at elx 41 TMB½r 227 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

-205-

pþas }¬1¦ . eRbIkñúgkarTTYlBakü dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImy:agenHfa {

ÉvM

Penþti exa et PikçÚ PKveta bc©esSasuM PikçúTaMgenaH TTYlRBHBuT§dIka rbs;RBHmanRBHPaKfa RBHkruNaRBHGgÁ}¬2¦ . eRbIkñúgGakar³ dUckñúg

RbeyaKCaedImy:agenHfa {

ÉvM Büa exa GhM Gavuesa PKva FmµM ¬3¦

eTsitM GaCanami mñalGavuesaTaMgLay ´k¾)andwgc,as;nUvFm’ Edl

RBHmanRBHPaKsEmþgehIyy:agenaHÉg}¬4¦ . eRbIkñúgkarBnül; dUckñúg

Éhi tVM maNvk eyn smeNa GanenÞa etnubsgám ]bsgámitVa mm vcenn smNM GannÞM Gb,aBaFM Gb,atgáM lhudæanM BlM pasuviharM bucä suePa maNeva etaeTyüetaeTyübetþ uetþa PvnþM GannÞM Gb,aBaFM Gb,atgáM lhu lhudædaæ nM BlM pasuviharM bucätIti ÉvBa© veThi saFu kir PvM GanenÞa eyn suPsS maNvsS etaeTyübutþsS nievsnM etnubgámtu Gnukm,M ])Tay . mñalRbeyaKCaedImfa

{

maNB ÉgcUrmkenH ÉgcUreTArkRBHsmN³ eQµaHGannÞ luHcUleTA dl;ehIy cUrsYrnUvGakar³manGaBaFtic maneraKtic eRkakeTAmk)an

rh½srhYn mankmøaMgenACasuxsb,aynwgRBHsmN³eQµaH GannÞ tam 1-sutþnþbidk sMyutþnikay sKafvKÁ elx 30 TMB½r 84 . 2-sutþnþbidk mCÄimnikay mUlbNÑask elx 20 TMB½r 1 . 3-kñúgRBHéRtbidkc,ab;qdæsgÁayna elakeRbIBaküfa eXIj Baküfa

Penþ

b:uEnþkñúgRBHéRtbidkPasaExµr

Gavuesa vijkñúgTIenHyktamc,ab;RBHéRtbidkPasaExµr .

4-sutþnþbidk mCÄimnikay mUlbNÑask elx 22 TMB½r 151 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-206-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

Bakürbs;Gjfa suPmaNBCa kUnrbs;etaeTyüRBahµN_pþaM[sYrnUv Gakar³ manGaBaFtic eraKtic eRkakeTAmk)anrh½srhYnnwgkmøaMg nig

Gakar³enACasuxsb,ay

cMeBaHRBHGannÞd¾ceRmIn

rYcehIyÉgcUrnimnþfa

sUmRBHGannÞCam©as; GaRs½ynUvesckþIGnueRKaHnimnþmkkan;TIlMenArbs;

suPmaNB CakUnetaeTyüRBahµN_[Tan}¬1¦ . eRbIkñúgkarhamesckþI

tM kw mBaØf kalama \em Fmµa kusla va Gkusla vati . Gkusla Penþ . savC¢a va GnvC¢a vati . savC¢a Penþ . viBaØúKrhita va viBaØúb,stßa vati . viBaØúKrhita Penþ . smtþa smaTinña Ghitay Tukçay sMvtþnþi ena va kfM va Étß ehatIti . smtþa Penþ smaTinña Ghitay TuTukçay sMvtþnþi ÉvM ena Étß ehatIti . mñalkalamkSRt GñksmÁal;ehtuenaHdUcemþc Fm’enH déT dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImy:agenHfa {

Cakusl b¤CaGkusl . CaGkusl RBHGgÁ . CaFm’RbkbedayeTas b¤

minRbkbedayeTaseT . CaFm’RbkbedayeTas RBHGgÁ . CaFm’Edl GñkR)aCJtiHedol b¤R)aCJsresIr . CaFm’EdlGñkR)aCJtiHedol RBHGgÁ . Fm’TaMgenH

EdlbuKÁlsmaTaneBjeljehIy

emþceTAvij

.

rEmgRbRBwtþeTAedIm,I

minCaRbeyaCn_ edIm,IesckþITukç b¤minRbRBwtþeTAeT b¤k¾kñúgdMeNIrenaHdUc bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾ceRmIn

Fm’TaMgenH

EdlbuKÁlsmaTan

bribUN’ehIy rEmgRbRBwtþeTAedIm,IminCaRbeyaCn_ edIm,IesckþITukç eyIg´k¾

1-sutþnþbidk TIXnikay sIlkçn§vKÁ elx 15 TMB½r 160-161 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

-207-

yl;kñúgdMeNIrenaH dUecñHEdr}¬1¦ . b:uEnþkñúgTIenH Kb,Iyl;fa kñúgGtßKWGakar³ Gakar³ karBnül; nigkarhamesckþIdéT .

bNþaGtßTaMg 3 enaH RBHefr³sEmþgGtßenH eday manGtßCaGakar³fa

ÉvM s½BÞ eRbI ÉvM s½BÞEdl

RBHtRmas;rbs;RBHmanRBHPaKGgÁenaH

l¥iteday

n½yepSg²ekIteLIgedayeRcInGFüaRs½ysm,ÚredayGtß nigBüBa¢n³ man bdihariyepSg² RCaleRCAedayFm’ Gtß eTsna nigbdievF mansPaB d¾smKYrdl;Pasarbs;xøÜn² rbs;sBVstVTaMgLay GñkNanwgGacdwg )anedayRbkarTaMgBYg b:uEnþ´sUm,IeRbIkmøaMgTaMgGs;[ekItkarcg;sþab; k¾)an sþab;mky:agenH KWsUm,I´k¾)ansþab;mkehIyedayGakar³mü:ag . eday

ÉvM s½BÞ EdlmanGtßCakarBnül; karBnül; RBHefr³ kalnwgedaH

xøÜnfa ´minEmnsymÖÚ RBHsURtenH ´min)aneFVI[Cak;c,as; eTIbsEmþg RBHsURtTaMgGs; EdlKYreBalkñúg\LÚvenHfa

Évemµ sutM

sUm,I´k¾)an

sþab;mky:agenH . eday

ÉvM-s½BÞ Edlmans½BÞCakarhamesckþIdéT RBHefr³kal

sEmþgkmøaMgkarcgcaMrbs;xøÜnEdlKYrdl;Par³

EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;

ÉtTKÁM Pikçev mm savkanM PikçÚnM BhusSútanM yTiTM GanenÞa KtimnþanM stimnþanM FitimnþanM ]bdæakanM yTiTM

sresIry:agenHfa {

1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay tikni)at elx 41 TMB½r 220-221 sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

GanenÞa . mñalPikçúTaMgLay bNþaBYkPikçúGñkecHdwgeRcIn EdlCasav½k rbs;tfaKt

eRscnwgGannÞ

BYkPikçúGñkmansµartI

BYkPikçúGñkmanKti

BYkPikçúGñkmanR)aCJa BYkPikçúCa]bdæak eRscnwgGannÞEdr}¬1¦ rEmg[ekIt karlM)aksþab;dl;stVTaMgLay

edayeBalfa

´)ansþab;mkehIy

y:agenHBaküenaH minxVH minelIs mineBaledayGtß b¤BüBa¢n³ bNÐit Kb,Iyl;y:agenHb:ueNÑaH minKb,Iyl;y:agdéT .

EkbTfa-em

emem s½BÞ CYbenAkñúgesckþI 3 y:ag . BitdUecñaH emem s½BÞ man esckþIfa mya KW´ dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa {KafaPiKItemµ GePaGePaCenyüM ePaCn KWtfaKteBalehIyedayKafa CavtßúminKYrdl;kar briePaKeT} . manesckþIfa myðM dl;´ dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa {saFu em Penþ PKva sgçietþn FmµM eTestu bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾ceRmIn ´RBHGgÁ ¬2¦

sUmGgVr sUmRBHmanRBHPaKsEmþgFm’edaysegçb eR)as¬dl;¦´RBHGgÁ

pgcuH}¬3¦ . manesckþIfa

TayaTa em Pikçev Pvf

mm

rbs;´ dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa {

Fmµ-

mñalPikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLaycUrykFm’

1-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Ék-Tukni)at elx 40 TMB½r 55 . 2-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay sutþni)at elx 54 TMB½r 29 . 3-sutþnþbidk mCÄimnikay sLaytnvKÁ elx 35 TMB½r 140 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

rbs;tfaKtCamt’k}¬1¦ . EtkñúgTIenH 2 KW

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emem s½BÞ rEmgRtwmRtÚvkñúgesckþITaMg

em sutM KW´sþab;mk mm sutM karsþab;rbs;´ . EkbTfa sutM

sut-s½BÞenH man]bsKÁ nigminman]bsKÁ epSgKñaedayesckþI

TaMgLay dUcmanesckþIfa eTA c,as; teRmk snSM xVl;xVay sEmþgEdl dwgtamesat³ ehIydwgtamesatTVarCaedIm . BitdUecñaH sut-s½BÞenaH

esnay bsueta bBa¢ÚnT½BeTA} . esckþIfa c,as; dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa { sutFmµsS bsSeta ¬vievk¦

esckþIfa eTA dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa{

rbs;buKÁlGñkmanFm’sþab;ehIy )aneXIjc,as;ehIy¬jaNckçú¦}¬2¦ .

esckþIfa teRmk dUckñúgRbeyaK CaedImfa {

GvsSúta GvsSútsS PikçúnI

manteRmkeRtkGr karEdlburs manteRmkmksÞabGEg¥lkay}¬3¦ .

tuemðhi buBaØM bsutM Gnb,kM

esckþIfa snSM dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa {

buNüeQµaHfa )ansnSMTuk minEmnticeLIypg}¬4¦ . esckþIfa xVl;xVay

ey Qanb,suta FIra GñkR)aCJTaMgLayNa

dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa {

1-sutþnþbidk mCÄimnikay mUlbNÑask elx 20 TMB½r 39 . 2-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay ]Tan elx 52 TMB½r 134 . 3-vinybidk PikçúnIviPgÁ elx 5 TMB½r 8 . 4-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az elx 52 TMB½r 15 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

CaGñkxVl;xVaykñúgQan}¬1¦ . esckþIfa semøgEdldwg)antamesat³ dUc

TidæM sutM mutM rUb)aneXIj sMeLg)anB¤ GarmµN_)an dwg} . esckþIfa dwg)antamesatTVar dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa { sutFera sutsnñic©eya RTRTg;nUvBuT§vcn³ nUvBuT§vcn³enH} . EtkñúgTIenH kñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa{ ¬2¦

¬3¦

s½BÞfa sut³ esckþIfacUleTARTRTg;Tuk b¤karcgcaMedayvifIviBaØaNEdlman esatviBaØaNCaRbFan . kñúgBaküenaH kalNa

em-s½BÞ manesckþIfa

mya KW´ kalenaH karRbkbesckþI KW´sþab;mkehIy KWcgcaM)aneday vifIviBaØaN EdlmanesatviBaØaNCaRbFany:agenH . kalNa em-s½BÞ manesckþIfa mm rbs;´ kalenaH karRbkbesckþIfa karsþab;rbs;´ KW

karcgcaM)an edayvifIviBaØaNEdlmanesatviBaØaNCaRbFan . bNþabTTaMg 3 BYkenaH dUcesckþIBN’namkenH bTfa

ÉvM CabT

em CabTBnül; buKÁl EdlRbkbedayesatviBaØaN EdleBalehIy . bTfa sutM CabTBnül;

Bnül;dl;kic© KWnaTIrbs;esatviBaØaN . bTfa

dl;karkan;ykminxVH minelIs minvibrit eRBaHbdiesFkarmin)ansþab; . n½ymü:ageTot bTfa

ÉvM CabTsEmþgdl;Pav³EdlmancitþKit

nig

1-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay FmµbT elx 52 TMB½r61 2-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay \tivutþk elx 53 TMB½r 154 . 3-sutþnþbidk mCÄimnikay mUlbNÑask elx 22 TMB½r 21 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

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sþab;CaedIm RbRBwtþeTAkñúgGarmµN_edayRbkarepSg² . bTfa

em CabT

sutM CabTsEmþgdl;Fm’ . n½ymü:ageTot bTfa ÉvM CabTBnül;Fm’EdlKYrBnül; . bTfa em CabTBnül;dl;buKÁl . bTfa sutM CabTBnül;kic© KWnaTIrbs;tYbuKÁl . n½ymü:ageTot s½BÞfa ÉvM GFib,aydl;RbkarepSg² rbs;vifIcitþ TaMgLayEdlCaGakarbBaØtþ . s½BÞfa em GFib,aydl;tYGñkeFVI . s½BÞ fa sutM GFib,aydl;vis½y . n½ymü:ageTot s½BÞfa ÉvM GFib,aydl;kic©naTIrbs;buKÁl . s½BÞfa sutM GFib,aydl;kic©naTIrbs;viBaØaN . s½BÞfa em GFib,ayfa dl; sEmþgdl;xøÜn . bTfa

buKÁl KYrdl;kic©TaMgBIr . n½ymü:ageTot s½BÞfa

ÉvM sEmþgdl;Pav³

. s½BÞfa

em sEmþg

sutM sEmþgdl;kic©rbs;buKÁlenaH . bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa ÉvM ehIynwg em CaGviC¢manbBaØtþi eday manscäiktßbrmtß . bTfa sutM CaviC¢manbBaØtþi . n½ymü:ageTot bTfa ÉvM nwg em eQµaHfa ])aTabBaØtþi eRBaHeBal GaRs½yGarmµN_enaH² . bTfa sutM eQµaHfa ]bniFabBaØtþi eRBaHeBal

dl;buKÁl . s½BÞfa

GagGarmµN_EdleXIjehIyCaedIm . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

k¾kñúgbTTaMg 3 enaH RBHefr³ sEmþgminePøcPøaMg edaybTfa karminePøcPøaMgerOgEdlsþab;mkehIy

edaybTfa

sutM

ÉvM .

mü:ageTot

RBHefr³ sEmþgkarykcitþTukdak;eday])ayRtÚvTMng edaybTfa

ÉvM

eRBaHminmankarcak;FøúHedayRbkarepSg²sRmab;Gñkdak;citþ edayminRtÚv TMng . sEmþgkarminraymayedaybTfa

sutM

eRBaHminmankarsþab;

sRmab;Gñkmancitþraymay . BitdUecñaHEmn buKÁlEdlmancitþraymay sUm,IelakeBalRKb;y:ag k¾eBalfa ´min)anB¤ sUmniyaymþgeTot . k¾kñúgesckþIenH buKÁl[seRmckartmál;xøÜnTukedayRbéBehIy PaBCa Gñk

eFVIbuNüTukBImun

k¾edaykarykcitþTukdak;eday])ayRtÚvTMng[

seRmckarsþab;Fm’rbs;sb,úrs

nigkarBwgGaRs½ysb,úrs k¾eday

karminrayma . RBHefr³sEmþgkardl;RBmedaycRkFm’ 2 esckþIxag eRkayrbs;xøÜnedayGakar³d¾l¥edaybTfa

ÉvM

enH sEmþgkardl;RBm

edaycRkFm’ 2 xagedIm edaykarBüayamsþab; edaybTfa eTot

RBHefr³sEmþgkarbrisuT§énGFüaRs½y

sutM . mü:ag

nigkarbrisuT§énesckþI

Büayamy:agenaH KWsEmþgkarqøatkñúgGFiKm edaykarbrisuT§énGFüaRs½y TaMgsEmþgkarqøatkñúgbriytþi edayesckþIbrisuT§énesckþIBüayam . mü:ageTot

RBHefr³sEmþgkardl;RBmedayGtßb,dismÖiTa

bdiPaNb,dismÖiTarbs;xøÜn epSg² edaybTfa

ÉvM

nig

edayBaküEdlsEmþgbdievFmanRbkar

enH . sEmþgkardl;RBmedayFmµb,dismÖiTa sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

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nignirutþib,dismÖiTaedayBaküEdlsEmþgbdievF EdlKYrsþab;edaybTfa

EdlepSgedayesckþI

sutM enH . mü:ageTot RBHefr³ kaleBalBakü

EdlsEmþgdl;karykcitþTukdak;eday])ayRtÚvTMngenH eKdwgfaFm’TaMgenH´smøwgedaycitþ edaybTfa

ÉvM

k¾Rbkas[

ehIydwgFøúHFøayedayl¥edayTidiæ

. kaleBalBaküEdlsEmþgdl;esckþIBüayamsþab;

enH k¾Rbkas[eKdwgfa Fm’CaeRcIn´sþab;ehIy cgcaMehIy sÞat;mat; ehIy edaybTfa

sutM . kalsEmþgesckþIbribUN’énGtß nigBüBa¢n³ [

ekItkareGIeBIEdlnigsþab;sUm,IedayBaküTaMg 2 enH . mü:ageTot

RBHGannÞd¾manGayu

minjaMjInUvFm’EdlRBHtfaKt

RTg;RbkasehIyedIm,IxøÜn knøgnUvPUmirbs;;Gsb,úrs dwgxøÜnfaCasav½k eTIbcuHkan;PUmirbs;sb,úrs edayBaküsUm,ITaMgGs;fa mü:ageTot

RBHefr³eQµaHfa

ÉvM em sutM enH .

elIkcitþeLIgcakGsT§mµ

taMgcitþTukkñúg

RBHsT§mµ . mü:ageTot kalsEmþgfa RBHtRmas;rbs;RBHmanRBHPaK Grhnþsmµasm<úT§GgÁenaH ´sþab;mkehIyEtmü:ag eQµaHfa edaHxøÜnGag RBHsasþa EGbRBHBuT§vcn³ taMgkareRbóbeFobtamEbbCaFm’Tuk . mü:ageTot RBHefr³ minRBmTTYlbTfa

ÉvM em sutM xøÜneFVI[ekIt

eLIg kalekItkarsþab;mkmun GñkNaeTIbKYrRCabfa eQµaHfa Tmøaykar mineCO eFIV[ekItsT§asm,Ta kardl;RBmedaykareCOkñúgRBHFm’enH dl; sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

BYkenH dl;BYkeTvtanwgmnusSfa RBHtRmas;enH ´TTYlmkBIRBHP®kþ rbs;RBHmanRBHPaKGgÁenaH

GñkkøavkøaedayctuevsarC¢BaØaN

RTRTg;

kmøaMg 10 EdltaMgenAkñúgtMENgx<s;bMput EdlbnøWsIhnaT EdlRTg; kMBUlCagstVTaMgBYg RTg;CaFMkñúgFm’ RTg;CaFmµraC CaGFibtIénFm’ RTg;man Fm’CaTIBwgGaRs½y

RTg;júaMgFmµcRkd¾RbesIr

RTg;CaRBHsmµasm<úT§Rtas;dwgedayRBHGgÁÉg

KWRBHsT§mµ[RbRBwtþeTA kñúgBuT§tRmas;enaHminKYr

eFVIesckþIsgS½ykñúgGtß b¤Fm’ bT b¤BüBa¢n³eLIy . k¾kñúgesckþIenaHman BaküeBalfa ‹

vinasyti GsT§iyM sT§M veDÆti sasen Évemµ sutmiec©vM vTM eKatmsaveka .

¬RBHGannÞ¦ Casav½krbs;RBHeKatmbrmsm<úT§ kaleBalBaküfa

Évemµ sutM eQµaHfa TmøayGsT§iy ¬karmineCO ¦ júaMgsT§a ¬kareCO¦[ ceRmIneLIgkñúgRBHsasna .

EkGtßénbT ÉkM nig smyM s½BÞfa

ÉkM

kMNt; . BIrbTfa

sEmþgkarkMNt;cMnYn . s½BÞfa

smyM

sEmþgkal

ÉkM smyM sEmþgkalminBitR)akd . kñúgbT smy

s½BÞenaH manesckþIfa sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

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smvaey xeN xeN kael smUeh ehtuTidæisu bdilaeP bhaen c bdieveF c TisSti . ¬s½BÞfa smy³¦ rEmgbMPøWkñúgbTfa bTfa RBmeRBó RBmeRBóg xN³ kal RbCMu ehtu lT§i )ancMeBaH lHbg; ni igcak;FøúH . ngcak; BitdUecñaH smy-s½ BÞenaH esckþIfa RBmeRBó smy RBmeRBóg dUckñúgRbeyaK

Geb,v nam esVbi ]bsgáemyüam kalBa© smyBa©

manCaedImfa {

])y ebIdUecñaHcaMeyIgBicarNanUvkal nigkarRBmeRBógsinehIyswm eTAkñúgéf¶Es¥k} . esckþIfa xN³ dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa {Éeka v exa Pikçev xeNa c smeya c RBhµcriyvasay mñalPikçúTaMgLay ¬1¦

xN³ ngsm½yénkarenARbRBwtþRBhµcarümanEtmYy}¬2¦. esckþIfa kal

]Nðsmeya briLahsmeya kalekþA kal Rkvl;Rkvay . esckþIfa RbCuM dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa mhasmeya bvnsµi karRbCuMFMkñúgéRBFM . esckþIfa ehtu dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa {smeyabi exa et PTÞali Gb,divieT§a Gehasi PKva exa savtßiyM vihrti PKvabi mM CanisSti PTÞali nam Pikçú stßú sasen sikçay dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa

1-sutþnþbidk TIXnikay elx 15 TMB½r 162 . 2-sutþnþbidk GgÁútþrnikay Gdækni)at elx 48 TMB½r 141 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

GbribUrkarIti Gym,i exa et PTÞali smeya Gb,divieT§a Gehasi . mñalPTÞali Gñkmin)andwgehtufa RBHmanRBHPaKKg;enAkñúgRkúgsavtßI Et RBHmanRBHPaKKg;dwgGatµaGjfaPikçúeQµaHPTÞali min)anbMeBjsikçakñúg sasnarbs;RBHsasþa dUecñHeLIy mñalPTÞali enHÉgCaehtuEdlGñk

etn exa bn smeyn ]KÁahmaena briBVaCeka smNmuNÐikabuetþa smyb,smyb,vaTek tiNÐúkacIer Éksalek mløikay Garaem bdievsti . min)andwg}¬1¦ . esckþIfa lT§i dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa {

sm½yenaHÉg briBVaCkeQµaH ]KÁahman³ CasmNmuNÐikabuRt GaRs½y enAkñúgGaram

rbs;RBHnagmløikaeTvI

EdlmansalamYy

manCYredIm

Tnøab;B½T§CMuvij CaTIsRmab;RbwkSanUvlT§i}¬2¦ . esckþIfa )ancMeBaH dUckñúg

Tiedæ Femµ c eya Getßa eya cetßa sm,rayieka GtßaPismeya FIera bNÐietati bvuc©ti . GñkmanR)aCJaeRBaH)ancMeBaH

RbeyaKCaedIm fa {

RbeyaCn_TaMg 2 KW RbeyaCn_kñúgbc©úb,nñ 1 RbeyaCn_kñúgbrelak 1 eTIbelakehAfa bNÐit}¬3¦ . esckþIfa lHbg; dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedIm fa 1-sutþnþbidk mCÄimnikay mCÄimbNÑask elx 23 TMB½r 280 . 2-sutþnþbidk mCÄimnikay mCÄimbNÑask elx 24 TMB½r 188 . 3-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay \tivutþk³ elx 53 TMB½r 23 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

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smµamanaPismya Gnþmkasi TukçsS eFVInUvTIbMputkgTukç eRBaHeday ehtu Edl)anlHbg;nUvman³ecaledayRbéB}¬1¦ . esckþIfa cak;FøúH dUc

TukçsS bILnedæa sgçtedæa snþabedæa vibriNamedæa GPismyedæa ERbfa Tukç manGtßfaebotebon manGtßfa kñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa

{

bc©½yRbCMutak;Etg manGtßfaekþARkhay manGtßfaERbRbÜl manGtßfa cak;FøúHcMeBaH}¬2¦ . bu:EnþkñúgTIenH smy-s½ BÞenaH manesckþIfa kal . smy eRBaHehtuenaH RBHefr³ eTIbsEmþgfa

ÉkM smyM

sm½ymYy bNþa

sm½yTaMgLay EdlehAfa kalCaedImfa qñaM rdUv Ex knøHEx yb; éf¶ RBwk éf¶Rtg; l¶ac bzmyam mCÄimyam bcäimyam nigmYyRsbk; .

elakGFib,ayfa sm½yrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKenHÉNa EdlehAfa

kal maneRcIn EdlR)akdy:agéRkElgkñúgBYkeTvta nigmnusSCaedIm y:agenHKW sm½yyagcuHkan;KP’ sm½yRbsUt sm½yRTg;segVK sm½y yagecjsagRBHpñÜs sm½yRtas;dwg

sm½yRTg;eFVITukárkiriya

sm½yRTg;QñHmar

sm½yRbfab;enACasuxkñúgbc©úb,nñ

sm½yeTsna

sm½ybriniBVan . bNþasm½yTaMgenaH RBHefr³sEmþgsm½ymYy eBal

1-sutþnþbidk mCÄimnikay mUlbNÑask³ elx 20 TMB½r 38 . 2-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay bdismÖiTamKÁ elx 71 TMB½r 49 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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-218-

brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

KWsm½yeTsna . elakGFib,ayfa bNþasm½yRTg;eFVIkic©edayRBHjaN nigRBHkruNa yksm½yRTg;eFVIkic©edayRBHkruNa bNþasm½yRTg;bdibtþiedIm,IRbeyaCn_ dl;RBHGgÁ nigGñkdéT yksm½yRTg;bdibtþiedIm,IRbeyaCn_GñkdéT bNþa sm½yRTg;bdibtþikrNIykic©TaMgBIrdl;bris½TEdlRbCuMKña RTg;eBalFmµIkfa bNþasm½yeTsna nigbdibtþi sUm,IbNþasm½yTaMgenaH

RBHefr³ sEmþgfa

yksm½y

yksm½yeTsna

ÉkM smyM sm½ymYy

sMedAyksm½yNamYy . kñúgesckþIenH GñksYreBalfa k¾eRBaHehtuGVI kñúgsURtenH elakeTIb

ysµw smey kamavcrM kñúgsutþbTdéTeRkABIGPiFmµenHfa ysµw Pikçev Pikçú viviec©v kaemhi dUckñúgvin½yeFVInieTÞsCattiyaviPtþifa etn smeyn BueT§a PKva sUmeBalBnül;dUecñH eRBaHkñúgRBHGPiFmµ nigRBHvin½yenaH eFVInieTÞsCaTutiyaviPtþi mineFVIdUckñúgGPiFmµEdleFVInieTÞsstþmIviPtþifa

smy-s½ BÞ manGtßy:agenaH cMENkkñúgRBHsURtenH manGtßy:agdéT . smy

esckþIBit bNþabidkTaMg 3 enaH kñúgGPiFmµbidk smy-s½ BÞ manGtßfa smy kMNt;Pav³ . EmnBit GFikrN³ k¾KW smysmy-s½BÞ EdlmanesckþIfa kal nigmanesckþIfa RbCuM nigPav³énFm’manpsS³CaedIm enaHkMNt;Tuk )an edayPav³énsm½y KWxN³ esckþIRBmeRBóg nigehtuénFm’TaMgLay sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

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manpsS³CaedIm

EdleBalehIykñúgGPiFmµbidk

nigsutþbTdéTenaH

eRBaHehtudUecñaH

eTIbelakeFVInieTÞsCastþmIviPtþi

kñúgGPiFmµbidkenaH

edIm,IbMPøWesckþIenaH . cMENkkñúgvin½ybidk smy-s½ BÞ manesckþIfa ehtu manesckþIfa smy krN³ . EmnBit sm½yRTg;bBaØtþsikçabTenaHÉNa sUm,IRBHefr³man RBHsarIbutþCaedIm dwg)anedaylM)akedaysm½yenaHCaehtu ehIyCa krN³ RBHmanRBHPaKkalRTg;bBaØtþsikçabTTaMgLay k¾RTg;smøwgdl; ehtuénkarbBaØtþsikçabT eTIbRTg;Rbfab;enAkñúgTIenaH² eRBaHehtuenaH elak eTIbeFVInieTÞsCattiyaviPtþiTukkñúgvin½ybidkenaH edIm,IbMPøWesckþIenaH . cMENkkñúgsURtenH nigkñúg)az³énsutþnþbidk EdlmankMeNIty:ag enHdéT² GMBIsmy-s½ smy BÞ EdlmanGtßfa smy

Gc©nþsMeyaK

KW Tutiya-

viPtþiEdlERbfa Gs; . EmnBit RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;sEmþgsURtenH b¤ sURtdéTGs;sm½yNa k¾Rbfab;enAedaykruNarhUt KWGs;sm½yenaH eRBaHehtudUecñaH smy-s½ BÞeTIbKYrRCabfa elakeFVInieTÞs CaTutiyaviPtþi smy TukkñúgsURtenH k¾edIm,IbMPøWesckþIenaH .

tM tM GtßmebkiçtVa Puemµn kreNn c GBaØRt smeya vuetþa ]beyaeKn esa \F . elak kñúgesckþIenH

manBaküeBalfa

Bi c arNaGtß e naH² eBalsmy smysmy - s½ B Þ kñ ú g bi d kepSgBI stþ mI v i P tþ i ni g

ttiyaviPtþi EtkñúgsutþnþbidkenH sm½yenaHelakeBaledayTutiyaviPtþi . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

EkGtßénbTfa PKva

Baküfa

PKva enHCaBaküehARBHmanRBHPaKenaH Edlviesseday

KuN CakMBUlrbs;stV CaRKÚehIyKYreKarBdUcEdlelakeBalTukfa ‹

PKvati vcnM esdæM PKvati vcnmutþmM Kru Karvyuetþa esa PKva etn vuc©ti . bTfa PKva CaBaküRbesIrbMput bTfa PKva Ca Baküx<s;bMput

RBHGgÁRTg;CaRKÚ

bNÐitKb,IehAfa

ehIyKYrdl;kareKarB

eRBaHehtuenaH

PKva .

EmnBit namKWeQµaHman 4 KWGavtßik³ eQµaHtamsm½y ligÁik³ eQµaH tamePT enmitþk³ eQµaHtamKuN GFic©smub,nñ eQµaHtamkarbeNþay . eQµaHfa GFic©smub,nñnam elakGFib,ayfa CanamEdldak;tamkar eBjcitþ . bNþanamTaMg 4 enaH namCaedImy:agenHfa kUneKa eKahVwk eKakargareQµaHfa Gavtßiknam . namCaedImy:agenHfa mnusSmaneQI Rct; ¬mnusScas;¦ mnusSmanq½Rt ¬RBHraCa¦ stVmansir ¬ek¶ak¦ stV manRbemay ¬dMrI¦ eQµaHfa ligÁiknam . namCaedImy:agenHfa Gñkman viC¢a 3 GñkmanGPiBaØa 6 eQµaHfa enmitþknam . namCaedImy:agenHfa GñkceRmInedaysirI GñkceRmInedayRTBüEdlRbRBwtþeTA minsmøwgn½y sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

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rbs;Bakü eQµaHfa GFic©smub,nñnam. cMENknamfa am

PKva

enHCa

enmitþknamedayRBHKuN minEmnRBHnagmhamya BuT§matadak;[ min EmnRBH)aTsueT§aTnmharaC BuT§bitadak;[ minEmnRBHjativgS 8>4000 RBHGgÁdak;[ minEmneTvtaBiessmanskáeTvraC snþúsit CaedImdak;[ dUcEdlRBHsarIbuRteBalfa RBHnamfa

PKva enH RBHBuT§ matamin)an

dak;[eT .l. RBHnamKW PKva Cascä scäikabBaØtþ¬1¦ i . edIm,IRbkasRBHKuN TaMgLay EdlCaKuN enmitþknam RBHsgÁItikacarüTaMgLayeTIbeBal KafaenHfa ‹

PKI PCI PaKI viPtþva \ti Gkasi PKÁnþi KrUti PaKüva BhUhi jaeyhi suPavittþena PvnþeKa esa PKvati vuc©ti RBHmanRBHPaKGgÁenaH RTg;RBHnamfa PKva eRBaHRTg;manPK³ KW eCaK³ eRBaHRTg;CaGñkesB ¬TIs¶at;¦ eRBaHRTg;manPaK ¬cMENkEdlKYr )anTTYlctub,c©½y b¤mancMENkénFm’¦ eRBaHRTg;CaGñkEckFm’ eRBaH RTg;CaGñkkac;bM)ak;nUv)abFm’

eRBaHRTg;CaRKÚ

eRBaHRTg;manPaKy³

KW

buNü eRBaHRTg;Gb;rMRBHGgÁedayl¥ edayjayFm’CaeRcIn eRBaHRTg;Ca Gñkdl;TIbMputénPB . 1-sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay elx 66 TMB½r 55 . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

k¾esckþIénRBHKuNbTfa

PKva enaHKb,Iyl;tamn½y EdleBal

mkehIykñúgnieTÞsCaedImenaHÉg . mü:ageTot briyaydéTeTotmandUecñH

PaKüva PKÁva yuetþa PeKhi c viPKÁva PKÁva vnþKmena Pevsu PKva teta . RBHGgÁRTg;manbuNü

RTg;kac;bM)ak;nUvkiels

RTg;Rbkbeday

PKÁFm’ RTg;esBFm’ RTg;x¢ak;kielsCaehtueTAkñúgPBTaMgLay)anehIy eRBaHehtudUecñaH eTIbRTg;RBHnamfa bNÑabTTaMgenaH

PKva .

Kb,IRCabfa

elakkan;yklkçN³énnirutþi-

sa®sþ dUecñHfa cuHGkSrfµI pøas;GkSrCaedIm b¤kan;yklkçN³karrYbrYm cUlkñúgs½BÞman

biesaTr-s½ BÞCaedIm saTr

tamn½yénsTÞsa®sþ

kalKYr

ehAfa RBHPaKüva eRBaHRBHGgÁmanPaKy³ KWbuBaØ)armI manTan nigsIl CaedIm d¾kMBUlEdl[ekItesckþIsuxTaMgelakiy³ nigelakutþr³ Etk¾ ehAfa

PKva . mü:ageTot eRBaHehtuEdlRBHGgÁRTg;kac;bM)ak;kiels EdleFVIkar

xVl;xVay ekþApSarab;EsnRbePT KWRbePT elaP³ eTas³ emah³ vibritþ mnsikar Ghirik³ Genatþb,³ ekaF³ ]bnah³ mkç³ blas³ \sSa mcäriy³ maya saefyü fmÖ³ sarmÖ³ man³ Gtiman³ mT³ bmaT³ tNða sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

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GviC¢a . GkuslmUl 3 Tuc©rit 3 sgáiels 3 ml³ 3 vism³ 3 sBaØa 3 vitká³ 3 bbBa©Fm’ 3 . vibrieys³ 4 Gasv³ 4 Knß³ 4 »X³ 4 eyaK³ 4 GKti 4 tNðúb,aT 4 . ecetaxIl³ 5 viniBn§³ 5 nIvrN³ 5 GPinnÞn³ 5 vivaTmUl 6 tNðakay³ 6 Gnusy³ 7 micätþ³ 8 tNðamUlk³ 9 Gkuslkmµbf 10 TidæiKt 62 tNðavicrit 108 b¤ eBaledaysegçb KWmar 5 KW kielsmar xn§mar GPisgçarmar mc©úmar nigeTvbutþmardUecñaH smKYrnwgehAfa

PKÁva k¾ehAfa PKva eRBaHRTg;kac;bM)ak;GnþrayTaMg

enaHecal)an kñúgesckþIenH elakeBalTukfa ‹

PKÁraeKa PKÁeTaesa PKÁemaeha Gnaseva PKÁasS )bka Fmµa PKva etn vuc©ti . RTg;kac;bM)ak;raK³ kac;bM)ak;eTas³ kac;bM)ak;emah³ minmanGasv³ RTg;kac;bM)ak;)abFm’)anehIy eRBaHehtuenaH elakeTIbehAfa k¾Ékardl;RBménRBHrUbkayrbs;RBHGgÁ

PKva .

EdlmannUvRBHbuBaØ-

lkçN³rab;ry KWelaksEmþgedayPaBEdlRTg;man PaKy³ KWbuNükar dl;RBménRBHFmµkay

KWelaksEmþgedayPav³EdlRTg;kac;bM)ak;eTas³

ehIy . Pav³CaGñkEdlmnusSelaknigGñkCitsñuiT§rab;GaneRcInkþI Pav³Ca GñkEdlRKhsßnigbBVCitTaMgLayeTAmkrkkþI Pav³CaGñkGackñúgkarCYy km©at;TukçpøÚvkaynigTukçpøÚvcitþ dl;GñkeTAmkkþI Pav³CaGñkeFVI]bkar³dl;eK sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

edayGamisTan nigFmµTankþI Pav³CaGñkGackñúgkarRbkb[eKTuk eday elakiysux nigelakutþrsuxkþI elaksEmþgedayKuNBIry:agenaH .

mü:ageTot eRBaHehtuenaH PK-s½ BÞ kñúgelakRbRBwtþeTAkñúgFm’ 6 KW PK

\sSriy³ Fmµ³ ys³ siri kam³ bytþ³ . k¾RBHmanRBHPaKRBHGgÁenaH RTg;man\sSriy³ PaBCaFMkñúgcitþrbs;RBHGgÁxøÜnÉgy:agéRkElg b¤RTg; man\sSriybribUN’edayGakar³RKb;y:ag Edlsnµtifa Caelakiy³man GNimaeFVIxøÜn[tUc ¬segçb¦ lgÇimaeFVIxøÜn[Rsal¬ehaH¦ RTg;manelakutþrFm’k¾dUcKña

RTg;manysbrisuT§d¾éRkElg

RTg;)anedayKuNBit

R)akdRKb;elakTaMg 3 RTg;manRBHsirId¾l¥RKb;sßansYK’TaMgGs;bribUN’ edayGakar³RKb;y:ag RBHrUbeqam)an

RTg;Gac[ekItsirIsYsþIdl;GñkxVl;xVaycUlemIl

RTg;mankam³d¾eRcIndl;karseRmcénRbeyaCn_tamRTg;

bMNgeRBaHRbeyaCn_Na²

EdlRTg;bMNgehIyR)afñaehIy

nigCa

RbeyaCn_rbs;xøÜnkþI RbeyaCn_rbs;GñkdéTk¾edayRbeyaCn_enaH . k¾ seRmcsmtamRBHbMNgTaMgenaH ehIyRTg;manbytþ³ eBalKW smµavayam³ EdlCaehtu[ekItPaBCaRKÚrbs;elakTaMgBYgdUecñaH eTIbelak ehAfa

PKva edayGtßenHfa

RTg;manPKÁFm’ eRBaHtamEdlRTg;Rbkb

edayPKÁFm’TaMgenaH .

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

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EkbT viPtþva mü:ageTot eRBaHehtuEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Ca

viPtþva

elak

GFib,ayfa RTg;Eck ebIkbgðaj sEmþgnUvFm’TaMgBYgedayRbePTman RbePTkuslCaedIm b¤nUvFm’mankuslFm’CaedIm edayRbePTman xn§ Gaytn³ Fatu sc©³ \®nÞiy nigbdic©smub,aTCaedIm b¤nUvTukçGriysc©³ edayGtßKW bILn³ ¬ebotebon¦ sgçt³ ¬bc©½yRbCuMtak;Etg¦ snþab³ ¬dutkemþA¦ vibriNam ¬ERbRbÜl¦ nUvsmuTyGriysc©³ edayGtß KWGayUhn³ ¬karRbmUlTukçmk¦ niTan ¬ehtuénTukç¦ sMeyaK³ ¬cgTukçCab;¦ blieBaF³ ¬TajTukmin[dl;mKÁ¦ nUvnieraFGriysc©³ edayGtßKW nisSrN ¬ecj cakTukç¦ vievk³ ¬s¶b;cakTukç¦ Gsgçt³ ¬bc©½ymin)antak;Etg¦ Gmt³ ¬PaBminsøab;¦ nUvmKÁGriysc©³ edayGtßKWniyüanik³ ¬naMecjcakTukç¦ ehtu ¬ehtuénnieraF¦ TsSn³ ¬eXIjRBHniBVan¦ GFibetyü ¬PaBCaFMkñúg

viPtþva b:uEnþk¾ehAfa PKva . EkbT Ptþva

kareXIjRBHniBVan¦ dUecñaH kalKYrnwgehAfa

mü:ageTot eRBaHehtuEdlRBHmanRBHPaKenaH RTg;Kb;rk RTg;esB RTg;eFVI[eRcIn nUvFm’EdlCaTiBVvihar RBhµvihar nigGriyvihar nUvkaysRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

vievk citþvievk nig]bFivievk nUvsuBaØtviemakç Gb,Nihitviemakç nigGnimitþ viemakç nUv]tþrimnusSFm’ TaMgelakiy³ nigelakutþr³déT²dUecñaH kalKYr nigehAfa

Ptþva b:uEnþk¾ehAfa PKva . EkbT Pevsu vnþKmn

mü: a geTot eRBaHehtu é nkareTA eBalKW t Nð a kú ñ g PBTaM g 3 Edl

Pevsu vnþKmn Et elakkan;yk P-GkSrCa Pv-s½BÞ K-GkSrCa Kmn-s½BÞ ehIyv-GkSrBI vnþ-s½BÞ ehIyeFVI[TIX³ ehAfa PKva dUckñúgpøÚvelakkalKYr nigelak fa emhnsS xsS mala bu:EnþGñkR)aCJ ¬kan;yk em GMBI emhnsS x GMBI xsS la BI mala ¦ k¾ehAfa emxla dUecñaHÉg . RBHGgÁRTg;x¢ak;ecalehIy dUecñaH kalKYrnwgehAfa

k¾RBHGannÞetßr kalsEmþgFm’tamEdl)ansþab;mk niTanmkeTIb RbkassrIrFm’ ¬xøÜnénFm’¦ rbs;RBHmanRBHPaK[RbckS edayBaküfa

Évemµ sutM

kñúgRBHsURtenHedayBaküRtwmEtb:ueNÑH

eRBaHehtuenaH

RBHefr³eTIblYgelamnUvCnGñkmancitþraymay eRBaHmin)anCYbRBHman RBHPaKfa )avcn³ ¬KWRBHFmµvin½y¦enH eQµaHfa mansasþaknøgeTAehIy min)aneLIy Fmµvin½yenHCasa®sþarbs;GñkTaMgLay . sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

edaybTfa

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ÉkM smyM PKva RBHefr³kalsEmþgesckþIEdl

RBHmanRBHPaK minenAkñúgsm½yenaH eQµaHfa sEmþgdl;briniBVanénRBHrUb kay . edayBaküenaH RBHefr³rEmgjúaMgCnEdlRsvwg eRBaHRsvwgkñúg CIvit[søútcitþ ehIyjúaMg]sSah_kñúgFm’[ekIteLIgdl;CnenHfa RBHman RBHPaKsUm,IRBHGgÁenaH

EdlRTg;sEmþgGriyFm’enHy:agenaH

RTRTg;

RBHTsBl manRBHkaydUceBRC k¾e nAEtesþc briniBV an kñ úgesckþIenaH mnusSdéTNaKb,I[ekItkþIsgÇwmkñúgCIvit)an . k¾RBHefr³kaleBalfa

ÉvM

eQµaHfa sEmþgeTsnasm,tþi kar

dl;RBméneTsna kaleBalbTfa

em sutM

eQµaHfa sEmþgsavk-

ÉkM smyM eQµaHfa sEmþgkalsm,tþi KWkardl;RBménkal kaleBalbTfa PKva eQµaH

sm,tþi kardl;RBménsav½k . kaleBalbTfa

fa eTsksm,tþi kardl;RBménGñksEmþg .

EkbT savtßiyM vihrti

savtßiyM vihrti enH )andl;nKr EdlCakEnøgrs;enACaRbcaMrbs;\sIeQµaH svtß³ dUcbTfa kaknÞI maknÞI dUecñaH dUecñHeTIbelakeBalfa savtßI Cas½BÞ \tßIligÁ ¬ePTRsI¦ Baküfa savtßI kñúgbTBaküfa

GñkR)aCJEpñkGkSrsa®sþeBaly:agenH

.

cMENkRBHGdækfacarüTaMg

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

LayeBalfa eRKÓg]bePaKbriePaKsRmab;mnusSmanRKb;y:agkñúgnKr enaH eRBaHehtuenaH nKrenaH eTIbeQµaHfa savtßI . EtkñúgkarRbkbs½BÞ kalsYrfa manvtßúGVIeTIbGaRs½yBaküRKb;y:ag Rbkbfa savtßI . Etkñúg karRbkbs½BÞ kalsYrfa manvtßúGVIeTIbGaRs½yBaküRKb;y:ag Rbkbfa savtßI manrbs;RKb;y:ag . eRKÓg]bkrN_RKb;y:ag manRBmkñúgRkúgsavtßI RKb;kal eRBaH ehtudUecñaH sMedAdl;rbs;RKb;y:ag eTIbehAfa savtßI . raCFanIénEdnekasl KYrrIkray KYrsresIr KYreRtkGr mins¶b; caksMeLgTaMg 10 dl;RBmeday)ayTwk . RkúgsavtßIraCFanI

dl;karceRmInbribUN’

rugerOgKYrrIkray

dUc

RkúgGaLkmnÞaeTvFanIrbs;BYkeTvta dUecñaH .

savtßiyM enaH bTenHCastþmIviPtþi cuHkñúgGtßfa Cit . bTfa vihrti rt CaBaküsEmþgkardl;RBmedayvihar bNþa\riyabTfa

bfvihar TiBVvihar RBhµvihar nigGriyvihar EbbNamYy edayminEbøkKña b:uEnþkñúgRBHsURtenH

sEmþgkarRbkbRBmeday\riyabfvihar

bNþa

\riyabf epSgedaykarQr edIr GgÁúy edk \riyabfmYy . eRBaHehtu enaH RBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;QrkþI RTg;yagkþI RTg;Rbfab;Kg;kþI pÞúMkþI k¾Kb,I RCabfa

vihrti

TaMgenaH . EmnBit RBHmanRBHPaKenaH RTg;kat;kar sRmab;CaFmµTan

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mgÁlsutþvNÑ vNÑna BN’naGMBImgÁlsURt

lM)akén\riyabfEtmYy

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eday\riyabfdéTeTot

RTg;briharGtßPaB[RbRBwtþeTAminlM)ak

vihrti Rbfab;enA .

eRBaHdUecñaH

EkbT eCtven

Kb,IRCabvinicä½ykñúgbTfa

¬pøas;bþÚr\riyabf¦

eCtven enHdUecñH

eTIbelakehAfa

. RBHraCkumareQµaH

fa eCt³ eRBaHQñHCnEdlCasRtÚvrbs;xøÜn b¤fa eCt³ eRBaHRbsUt kal RBHraCaRTg;QñHCnEdlCasRtÚv b¤fa eCt³ sUm,IRBHraCaRTg;sRmÜl RBHnamy:agenH dl;RBHraCkumar eRBaHmanRBHraCbMNgnwg[CamgÁl. EdleQµaHfa vn³ eRBaH[Kb;rk GFib,ayfa eRBaHjúaMgPkþIPaBrbs;stV TaMgLay[dl;xøÜn eRBaHkardl;RBménxøÜn . mü:ageTot eQµaHfa vn³ eRBaHGFib,ayfa mü:ageTotfa GgVrsUmstVTaMgLayfa sUmeRbI´mkcuH . vn³rbs;eCtraCkumar eQµaHfa eCtvn . EmnBit eCtvn enaH KWRBHraCkumarRBHnamfa eCt³ daMduHksagEfrkSa . eCtraCkumarenaH Cam©as; rbs;eCtBnenaH eRBaHehtudUecñaH eTIbelakehAfa eCtBn . kñúg bTfa

eCt eCtven enaH ¬ CastþmIviPtþi ¦. EkbT GnafbiNÐiksS Garaem Kb,IRCabvinicä½ykñúgbTfa GnafbiNÐiksS Garaem

enHdUecñH

KhbtIenaHeQµaH suTtþ³ edaymatabita dak;eQµaH[ mü:ageTot elak )an[duM)ayCaTandl;CnGnafaCaRbcaM

eRBaHelakR)ascakmnÞil

KW

sRmab;CaFmµTan

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brmtßeCatika GdækfaxuTÞknikay xuTÞk)az

karkMNaj;ehIy

eRBaHehtuCaGñkdl;RBmedayKuNmankruNaCaedIm

eRBaHehtuEtelakCaGñkmanpg sm,tþiEdlKYrR)afñaRKb;y:agpg ehtu enaH eTIbelak)anTTYlnamfa GnafbiNÐik . RbeTsEdleQµaHfa Garam eRBaHCaTIEdlstVTaMgLay b¤edayviess KWbBVCitTaMgLaynaM KñamkGPirmü

GFib,ayfa

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