RACETRACK OF THE FUTURE Miles Henry
/
Fall 2021
/
Studio Stannard
Cover Images “Formula E” (Hernandez) “Spanish Grand Prix F1 Circuit Map” “Integrated Wind and Solar Farm” (Machen)
CONTENTS Issue + Counter
Author: Miles Henry
2 - 13
Project Site
14 - 21
Site Analysis
22 - 37
Program Exploration
38 - 47
Works Cited
48 - 51
Age: 22 Hometown:
San Diego, CA
Architect and longtime fan of cars and motorsport. Miles racing at his 8th birthday party
ISSUE + COUNTER
3 (Thompson)
PROJECT STATEMENT
This project aims to explore how turn a sport that is inherently bad for the environment on its head and maximally exploit its aspects which have potential to improve the planet’s health. Another goal of the project’s scope is to develop real pragmatic steps and architectural interventions to achieve the FIA’s goals of sustainability in Formula 1 and continue bolstering the momentum of the future of motorsport – Formula E.
The Task: • Design the master plan for a new ground-up new race track, its supporting buildings, and auxiliary program spaces
Questions: • How can a racetrack be more sustainable and better respect its site? • How can a track site have more functions than one, especially during the off-season? • How can a track site change the culture of the sport?
“Formula 1 Start Grid” (Sky Sports)
4
5
A Brief Overview of Motorsport History
WHAT IS MOTORSPORT?
... AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?
Racing is Part of the Human Condition
The first F1 race: 1950 British Grand Prix at Silverstone
Motorsport, the racing competition of motor vehicles on closed circuits, is an activity testament to the eternal human convictions of speed and competition. Human bouts of speed have formed global audiences and community bonds for millennia, reaching back to the Olympic footraces of the Ancient Greeks. As ages of technology gained momentum, so too did the form and scope of racing – horse races pitted riders against one another for glory at greater velocity than by foot, and combustion engines engendered vehicle racing between drivers at even greater speeds and over longer distances. The drivers and teams of today’s advanced racing championships inspire the next generation of athletes and engineers.
1989 McLaren MP4/5 driven by World Champions Alain Prost and Ayrton Senna
First motor races were the Paris-Bordeaux street races in 1895, 1200 km at an average speed of 29mph. First “Grand Prix” race was French Grand Prix of Le Mans in 1901 at speeds around 60mph. Loss of capital and interest due to the Great Depression of the 30’s, then massive development spurred by German manufacturers – their cars made 350bhp and could reach 175mph by 1939. In 1950, the FIA announced a new world championship called Formula A with specific car and race regulations, which would become Formula 1 as we know it today.
Ferrari F2004 driven by World Champion Michael Schumacher
The United States has been part of the international championship since its very first season with Indianapolis hosting a Grand Prix starting in 1950. In the 70’s teams started to experiment and advance the aerodynamic design of cars which allowed them to carry much more speed through the corners and stay more stable to achieve even higher tops speeds. This was also when organizers started maximizing the economic potential of the sport and turned into a “billion-dollar global business” by leveraging sponsorships and commercial rights and introducing international television broadcasting of all events.
(Dikeman)
It is a Valuable Piece of Global Culture Out of all vehicle racing Formula 1 has the largest global community of fans that has blossomed over the last 70 years and continues to grow with a projected fanbase of 1 billion by the 2022 season (Yeomans). The sport brings people together from all religions and cultures through shared, innate human passions, and as such, could plausibly be hailed as a valuable part of global culture akin to the Olympics.
6
2021 Formula 1 hybrid Red Bull, Max Verstappen
(Dennis)
The 80’s would engender further mechanically and technologically advanced cars with turbocharged engines and computer-automated driving assists such as traction control and active suspension - features invented in the sport that came to benefit modern production cars. The 90’s produced a whirlwind of commotion in the world of motorsport. Some famous Formula 1 drivers would bow out to enter the US’s smaller championship IndyCar, cars in all championships would gain significant design advancements, and the tragic racing deaths of a few including Ayrton Senna would begin a lasting legacy of extremely stringent safety overhauls.
Recent Developments The governing body of all international motorsport, the Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile (FIA), has expressed an agenda of increasing sustainability of the sport by transitioning Formula 1 to hybrid engines and introducing an electric vehicle racing sibling league, Formula E, both in 2014 (Edmondson). Technological research and testing of cars in both racing series have pushed the bounds of possibility with inventions that can benefit society as a whole, such as producing some of the most efficient engines in the world. “Gen2” Formula E car driven by Mitch Evans
7
CHALLENGES OF THE SPORT
Consumerism
Environment
“Silver Arrow burnout” (PlanetF1)
Formula 1 is encumbered with other burdens on the environment besides its physical footprint; the sport produces 256,000 tons of carbon dioxide per year (Edmondson). The governing body of all international motorsport, the Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile (FIA), has expressed an agenda of increasing sustainability of the sport by transitioning Formula 1 to hybrid engines and introducing an electric vehicle racing sibling league, Formula E, both in 2014. Then, in response to public backlash over the 2019 report of the 256,000 ton/year figure, the FIA announced its goal to make races more sustainable by 2025 and carbon-neutral by 2030 (Edmondson). Liberty Media, the new owners of Formula 1 have laid out an extensive plan to cut back its environmental impacts in all aspects of the sport. To make races more sustainable, the sport is requiring all packaging to be recycled or reusable, increasing local sourcing of staff for each event, using biofuels in the cars, streamlining events on the calendar to reduce transportation required and use sea freight as much as possible, and reducing cost caps on teams to force them to use fewer personnel and resources/generate less waste. By focusing on bringing the show to the fans as efficiently as possible rather than the other way around, international motorsport continues to develop a much lower environmental footprint than other events like World Cup Football or the Olympics (Rencken).
Formula 1 teams send cars and gear by plane between some races, a large part of the sport’s carbon footprint
The Paddock Club area - an exclusive viewing section for premier fans willing to shell out thousands - at the Monaco GP is a perfect example of the sport’s promotion of a culture of excess, bathed in expensive champagne and luxury goods.
The actions of the teams and organizers of the sport are also grossly overshadowed by the impact of the fanbase - 1.6 million tons of carbon dioxide are produced by fan transportation to the races, bringing the effective total impact of Formula 1 to 1.9 million tons of carbon dioxide per year (“How Bad is F1 Racing for the Environment?”). To combat the largest portion of the carbon footprint, this new track will have to find a way to influence not just the onsite events, but culture of the sport as well. With major sponsors like DHL, Rolex, Emirates, and Heineken (Leahy), Formula 1 encourages a lavish consumer lifestyle of blissful ignorance. Putting in the effort to make an omelet with organic, sustainable ingredients and practices won’t do much good if the consumer continues to order them with reckless abandon and make a hog of themselves. By populating the new tracksite with local food vendors and local craft beer, using sustainable packaging, and making the island site pedestrian friendly, this project can help inform and encourage fans to live a smaller eco-footprint lifestyle. Off the track, the organizers of the new race could offer ticket discounts or other incentives to more eco-friendly spectators who show proof of sea travel to the event, owning electric vehicles, ticket stubs from public transit to the event, or other similar concessions.
Diversity
Lance Stroll (Aston Martin) and father Lawrence. Stroll was bankrolled into the sport with family paying $35 million to support his racing career from karting to F2, then buying part of the Force India team for $80 million to secure Lance’s drive in 2017 (Velasco).
Formula 1, and much of motorsport as a whole, likes to paint itself as a meritocracy where anyone can make it up the racing ladder with high skill. Unfortunately, the truth is that the sport revolves majorly around money. The cars and technological development are extremely expensive, as well as the figurative ‘seats’ to drive in them. To become a racer at the top level, one must start at the lowest rung in kart racing which runs around $50,000 per child per season - something many families cannot afford regardless of skill level (Hughes). Each higher classification gets progressively more expensive, with F1 drives eventually requiring millions of dollars. The teams also constantly operating on the cutting edge of technological development, admitting only the best engineers to work with them, which likely flattens one’s opportunities if they can’t afford or access a top-tier education. Much like American politics, the economic barrier to entry weeds out many ethnic and other minorities leaving the sport filled primarily with rich, Caucasian males.
9
OPPORTUNITIES FOR POSITIVE CHANGE
1 mile
From Single-Use to Multi-Use
Formula 1’s “We Race As One” campaign is their public relations sportwash to attempt to save face over all of F1’s controversial impacts on society and the environment.
Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes, current reigning 7-time World Champion) is the first and only black person to ever officially compete in the sport.
Silverstone Circuit, UK: 500 acre tracksite
The racetrack and its site are the architectural manifestations of the impacts of Formula 1 on society and the environment – this is where architects can navigate the sport to a healthier course. Over the near 30 tracks on the typical race season calendar, each tracksite takes up an average of 400 acres of land that constitutes single-use space dedicated solely for racing – they are generally only used at full capacity for a handful of days out of the year and serve little to no functions for the remainder. To combat this single-use land stagnation this project proposes a masterplan for a new tracksite on an island Mission Bay in San Diego, California that explores how to integrate a racetrack with mixed-use spaces and non-racing public amenities to extend the site’s usefulness to the community year-round.
Mixed use urban district in Mumbai by Sasaki
11
Technological Innovation Another strategy to maximize the potential sustainability of the sport is incorporating a research and testing facility in the tracksite program. These fixtures will further enable the site to give back to the planet at large by facilitating technological advancements that benefit many other industries including electric vehicle research and testing, more advanced data processing, and new manufacturing practices, as well as developing more efficient fuels, hybrid engines, and electric motors. Technological improvements to the tracksites and the cars of Formula 1 will help reduce its ecological footprint, but the fuel the cars use and the rest of energy spent to carry out on track events only account for about 20% of the sport’s carbon emissions - 186,000 tons (~72%) of CO2 output is product of transporting cars, gear, and team personnel over land, air, and sea. One way this project attempts to mitigate this area of impact is through the selection of coastal San Diego as a site, meant to encourage teams and fans to use the Port of San Diego and increase the proportion of teams and fans who use sea travel least impactful method of the three (Siegle). Still, there is more that must be done in this area.
12
Clean Energy Generation If motorsport is the omelet, then the track and its site are the pan and the stovetop. This project aims to replace the gas stove with an electric stove by exploring existing and new clean renewable energy generation methods that can be harnessed reliably on site and integrated into the program on a large scale to create a 100% green energy self-sufficient site. The further goal is to make the site net-energypositive so it can pay back the surrounding community in another way – with power.
(Butler)
Red Bull Racing Formula 1 research labs
(Machen)
Communication between drivers, cars, and teams is essential during races. Teams like Mercedes are constantly improving telemetry (remote connection and data-sending) technology.
The cars have hundreds of sensors that relay data to the teams’ engineers. Teams like Mercedes are developing more advanced data processors and servers to harness data more efficiently.
Integrated solar and wind farm in Minnesota. An example of how a single site can diversify its renewable energy sources.
New, more compact wind energy generators are in development and can be implemented on an urban scale within many spaces of the new tracksite. Small units such as the Halcium Power Pod or Vortex Bladeless turbines (right) can be grouped much more tightly than current large-scale turbines and therefore have potential to generate more energy per square foot than traditional methods. These inventions are also capable of harvesting energy from winds coming in all directions without requiring repositioning.
(Reynolds)
“Halcium Power Pod”: mini bladed turbines are fully concealed for safety, funnels in wind from all sides.
(Reuters, Thomson)
“Vortex Bladeless Turbine”: these round columns sway in the wind and generate energy through vibrating frequencies.
PROJECT SITE
15
SITE PLACEMENT So why make a new track in San Diego? With popularity rapidly rising for Formula 1 and Formula E in the US (Yeomans), the addition of a third US Grand Prix to future race calendars would match the historical peak of the 1970’s when the US became the first country to hold 3 different Formula 1 races in a year – one in the west, once in the center, and one in the east (Watts). Each decade brings stricter safety standards, making old tracks ineligible and necessitating the creation of new ground-up ones like both US tracks on the current calendar in Austin and Miami. A circuit style track in San Diego was selected for multiple reasons. A new track on the west coast would revive the historical West Coast Grand Prix and complement the other tracks in central and eastern US.
?
San Diego’s moderate climate lends itself well to attracting global tourism and for increased safety of the cars. These two aspects were both major downfalls of previous failed Formula 1 tracks in the US like Detroit and Phoenix whose decimatingly hot temperatures during race season upset fans and drivers alike and destroyed the cars’ tires resulting in unsafe racing conditions (Watts).
3.
Map of current Formula 1 tracks around the world
1.
Fiesta Island (site)
2.
~350 acres Mission Bay Downtown San Diego
Sea World Tijuana, MX
16
Potential parking site extension
1 mile
Downtown San Diego
Interstate 5
Sea World Fiesta Island (site)
Sea World
Mission Bay Belmont Park San Diego River
Mission Beach Looking at Site
Looking out from Site
North
18
West
East
South
SE Entrance
West
East
South
19
HISTORY OF FIESTA ISLAND Mission Bay
SITE CHALLENGES Aerial photo of Mission Bay in the 1930’s, before the existence of Fiesta Island
San Diego’s Mission Bay was originally an estuary for the San Diego River, along with San Diego Bay. In 1852, the US Army engineered a dike on the south side of the river’s opening to prevent outlet into San Diego Bay, but this increased outflow into Mission Bay which resulted in a massive flooding event from an intense storm in the late 1880’s. With its military bases on Coronado and Miramar, San Diego has always largely been a military town. In 1944, San Diego’s Chamber of Commerce decided to repair Mission Bay and transform it into a tourist and recreational area to diversify the city’s economy. Mission Bay Park was built from the 1940’s-1960’s and is the nation’s largest water park with 27 miles of coastline. It was formed by dredging over 25 million cubic yards of sand, the leftovers of which remained in a pile in the middle of the bay - what is known today as Fiesta Island.
Another challenge to address for development is seismic stability. A likely reason for lack of development on the island is its nature of being built out of sand. Buildings (and possibly roads) would require structural stabilizing and deep foundations/caissons to bedrock to maintain integrity under earthquakes or uneven settlement. This could be an opportunity to explore new methods of stabilizing structures in areas with difficult soil conditions.
(Erickson)
Existing Elements of the Island
The island’s full perimeter of recreational beach is also in the highest priorities of spaces to maintain for the community. Any new development on the island must figure out how to preserve access to the beach spaces and enhance their value if possible.
The island is 463 acres large and predominantly undeveloped. 90 acres on the easternmost heel of the island are dedicated to a leash-free dog park which is one of the highest rated dog parks in the country. The northern and southernmost tips of the island are protected wildlife areas for seasonal nesting sites of an endangered bird species, the California Least Tern.
San Diego City Planning Commission’s approved island plan , 2019
20
There are a few existing program elements and protected areas on Fiesta Island that would likely need to be developed around, some of which can be seen in the figure to the left of the City Planning Commission’s most recent outline of the island’s functions. Most notable are the 90-acre dog park on the southeast leg, the Youth Camping area which also houses a water sports recreation facility, and the Least Tern nesting preserves on the southeast and northern tips of the island. The dog park and water recreation facilities could potentially be moved if necessary, but are important to the community and must remain in some capacity, whereas the protected areas for endangered bird species must remain untouched.
Fiesta Island’s 90-acre, no-leash dog park
California Least Tern, whose nesting sites on the island are protected
SITE ANALYSES
23
SAN DIEGO CLIMATE
Wind
Psychrometric Chart
Annual winds come mainly from the ocean at mild velocity year-round. This has potential for consistent energy generation at large scale all throughout the site.
January February March April
San Diego has a semi-arid/subtropical climate with mild winters and warm summers. It receives low annual rainfall, usually in winter or early spring. A typical day here during all seasons will see a foggy marine layer until mid-late morning followed by clear, sunny skies the rest of the day.
May June July August September October November December
Rain In general, San Diego gets very little rainfall compared to much of the world. As such, there is tension between wanting to recapture every valuable drop or if it is worth dedicating significant energy/budget to recapture systems that will only be used a handful of days per year.
The majority of the year supplies comfortable weather, with the exceptions of a few degrees too cold in early winter mornings and a few degrees too hot in summer afternoons.
Avg. Annual Rainfall:
10.34 in.
10.34in x ~80,000sf roof = 68,933 ft3/yr Annual Rainwater Capture
24
= 515,000 gal/yr
25
CLIMATIC DESIGN STRATEGIES
ENERGY 10/17/21, 3:16 PM
Pairing large south-facing apertures in the building facade with materials with high heat retention. The apertures will allow more sun to heat the air in interior spaces during cold months. The heat-retentive materials will absorb the direct sun entering through the large apertures and release it into slowly release it back into the interior to keep it warm after the sun leaves.
Natural Ventilation Strategically locating operable windows according to the site’s dominant wind directions will enable the building to funnel breezes through the building interior to help cool it down during warm months.
*Estimated EUI: 31.9 *Target EUI: <10 The ultimate goal is for this facility to produce a net positive quantity of renewable energy and be able to give some back to the city’s power grid.
**Est. PV Harvesting: 14,235,000 kWh/yr
ABOUT YOUR BUILDING Code Pathway: Climate Zone
Number of Stories
Prescriptive
Performance
7
*
3
*
Add Another Use
Selected Use Type(s):
Warehouse
Office
WAREHOUSE
delete
Estimated Building Source Energy Consumption Total Renewable Energy Required
On-Site PV Generation Potential Remaining Off-Site Procured Renewable Energy
kBtu/ft²-yr
MBtu/yr
31.9
6,379.8
31.9
6,379.8
0.0
0.0
31.9
6,379.8
On-Site PV System Rated Capacity (kW) Estimated Area for Collectors (ft²)
ESTIMATED BUILDING ENERGY IMPACTS Metric:
*
80000
Gross Floor Area (sq.ft)
RENE ABLE ENERGY RE UIREMENTS
Energy Consumption & Generation
*
Source
35
OFFICE
delete
End
H C F
30
*
120000
Gross Floor Area (sq.ft)
I P
25
ON-SITE PV SYSTEMS Default Values estimate on-site building PV system potential. Uncheck Use Default Values to enter custom inputs. If your building has multiple PV systems, add them below. Set Default Values
PV SYSTEM
Sun Shading of Windows Blocking the aforementioned large southern apertures (by means of louvers or overhangs, for example) from high angle direct sun will help prevent the interior from absorbing too much solar radiation during warm months.
*These are only estimates based on one ~200,000gsf building within the proposed racing facility. **Based on standard PV panels with single-axis tracking
delete
sq.ft
*
80000
Module Type
Standard
Losses (%)
10
Array Type
1-Axis
Tilt (Degrees)
10
*
Azimuth (Degrees)
32
*
Inverter Efficiency (%)
90
*
*
S O
20
15
Ren
10
Estimated Area for Collectors
26
RESULTS
kBtu/ft²-yr
Passive Solar Heat Gain
ZNC Tool
5
*
* *
O
O
0
End Uses
Renewable Energy
Building Energy Impacts and End Uses are based on code compliant prototype buildings modeled by NORESCO in their Impact Analysis. Actual building energy consumption will vary from modeled results.
Estimated Source EUI: 31.90 kBtu/ft²-yr Estimated Source Energy Consumption: 6,379.78 MBtu/yr End Use
Subtotal
Percent
(kBtu/ft²-yr)
Add another PV System
GENERATE RESULTS https://zero-code.org/energy-calculator-for-california/
Heating
1.85
Cooling
2.86
8.98%
Interior Lighting
4.33
13.57%
Plug Loads
13.06
40.93%
Service Hot Water
1.26
3.96%
Fans
7.35
23.05%
5.81%
1/2
DEMOGRAPHICS
Asian 12.1%
San Diego
San Diego City Total Pop.: 2,408,267 % Growth (2010-2020):
Hispanic 33.9%
Black 1.4%
6.6%
Native 0.004% American
Age Distribution
Multi. 0.05% Other 0.005%
Pacific 0.004% Islander
45-54 25-34 12-17
0-5 0%
Education Level (25+) 2%
4%
Household
6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% Portion of Population
Size 6+ People 5 People 4 People 3 People 2 People 1 Person
Professional 2.6% Degree Masters Degree
Avg. Size: 3 Family: 80.67% Non-Family: 16.11%
5
10
15 20 25 % of Population
Income 100-125k 75-100k
30
35-50k 25-35k 0%
2%
4%
Associate Degree
Increased geographic spread of responses: 187 countries in 2021 Asia-Pacific, Africa, Middle-East = 21% (10% in 2017) Americas = 21% (~15% in 2015)
Survey illustrates trend of growing global fanbase in recent years including higher proportion of fans in the Americas.
12.4% 18.3%
High School
22.3% Some College
Employment
6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% Portion of Population
Homelessness (RTFH)
11%
Avg. House. $112k Income Avg. Per Capita $40k Income
50-75k
22.9%
35
Doctorate 2.3% Degree
Female participation low but rising: 10% of respondents in 2017, now 18% in 2021
< High School
9% Bachelors Degree
0
Formula 1 Fanbase Predominant new generation of young fans: 34% of respondents <24 yoa 34% followed the sport for <5 years (12% in 2017)
White 50.3%
Male: 50.3% Female: 49.7% 85+ 65-74
Unknown 4.4%
Ethnicity
First Time Homeless (2019-2021): Total Persons Served at Shelters (2019-2021):
Labor Force: 1,550,000 (47% of Total Pop.) Unemployment: 6.8% Minimum: $14/hr Wage Armed Forces: 4.9% 2,326 - 4,152 31,000 - 38,000
San Diego demographic statistics from SocialExplorer.com
2021’s results show the growing domination of younger viewers; there is a likely correlation between this and the increased movement for sustainability in the sport.
Echoing the age demographics, occupation statistics with higher proportions of students and junior management positions also point to a newer, higher educated generation of motorsport fans. Fanbase statistics from Motorsport Network’s 2021 F1 Global Fan Survey (Domenicali, et al)
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ZONING + BUILDING CODES
LOCAL ENERGY AND WASTE Water Sources • •
Miramar Lake Reservoir
85-90% of the city’s potable water is bought from Colorado River The remaining 10% comes from 9 Surface Water Reservoirs (Miramar Lake feeds the Mission Bay site)
La Jolla Cove
Energy Sources •
NO APN / ZONING INFO
• • •
54% powered by Natural Gas pumped in from Texas and New Mexico 18% Solar Energy 15% Wind Energy 11% from unspecified sources
UCSD Miramar Landfill / Recycling Center / Metropolitan Biosolid Center
MCAS Miramar San Diego River
Fiesta Island (site)
Mission Bay
Murray Lake
SAN Int’l Airport Downtown SD
Refuse
APN: 4354801700 Zoning:
• •
Residential (RS-1-7, RM-4-10) 30’
Max. Build Height (RM-4-10)
Unknown
Sewage/Wastewater
Max. FAR (RS-1-7)
0.45
•
• miles
0
0.25
0.5
1
Miramar Landfill San Diego Recycling Center (adjacent to landfill)
Max. Build Height (RS-1-7)
Sea World owns the orange-outlined parcel, which includes several tall roller coasters and a 400’ tall skytower.
Point Loma Wastewater Treatment Plant
San Diego Bay
Lower Otay Lake
Metropolitan Biosolids Center (also adjacent to landfill) Point Loma Wastewater Treatment Plant
Border Crossing
er
o Bord US / Mexic
0
30
Sweetwater Reservoir
Coronado
5
10 miles
PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION miles
0
0.3
CULTURAL SITES
Balboa Park
0.6
This site is surrounded by public transportation. The entrance to Fiesta Island is a 15 minute drive or a 1 hour bus ride from the San Diego International Airport, giving it easy access to international visitors. It is also a 7 minute drive or 30 minute walk from the closest trolley stop for access from other parts of the region.
(Contreras)
San Diego de Alcala miles
0
1
3
MCAS Miramar
UC San Diego
Old Town Bus
Hotel del Coronado Junipero Serra Museum
Belmont Park Bus Stop
Sea World
Mission Basilica San Diego de Alcala
Old Town
1/4 mile buffer
Liberty Station
(Palmour)
Rail
Petco Park
San Diego Zoo Balboa Park
San Diego Convention Center
Belmont Park Trolley Bike Path
Cabrillo National Monument
Hotel Del Coronado
33
HOTELS miles
0
0.5
1
FOOD miles
2
There are 100+ hotels within about 5 miles of the site, many of them with the capacity to hold thousands of guests each. The ability for this area to accommodate large a large influx of visitors was one of the supporting factors for choosing urban San Diego as the site for this project.
Size Key
(#of Rooms)
Clusters of eating establishments and grocery outlets surround the general vicinity of the island site. However, to increase the livability of a sustained, walkingscale community center, it would be prudent to include food establishments or at least a space that can accommodate temporary food vendors in the list of program spaces on the island.
Eateries 1-5
< 25
6 - 10
25 - 100
10 +
100 + Grocery Store
34
0
0.25
0.5
1
GREEN SPACE miles
0
0.25
0.5
1
SEA LEVEL RISE
With a coastal island site, it is important to address the potential impacts of sea level rise due to climate change. From the NOAA data illustrated in the maps to the right, even 6 feet of sea level rise (which at recent rates of a few millimeters per year would take a millennium to accumulate) leaves the Fiesta Island site practically unaffected besides the perimeter beaches. These perimeter areas are to remain undeveloped for other reasons anyways.
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Current
+2 Feet
+4 Feet
+6 Feet
Mission Bay’s coastline is home to many public parks and greenspaces. It should be a high priority to maintain such spaces on the island as well including beach areas.
PROGRAM EXPLORATION
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PRECEDENTS Mercedes AMG Factory / Labs
Circuit of the Americas (CotA)
Brixworth, UK - Opened 2009
Austin, TX - Opened 2012 One of the two current tracks hosting Formula 1 races in the United States is the ground-up new track in Austin. One of the longest tracks on the calendar with stylistic inspirations from classic European tracks, CotA has been a gift to fans and competitors worldwide. On the positive, CotA boasts probably the most obvious attempt to start integrating nonmotorsport community spaces into a track site with its soccer field/stadium and viewing tower that morphs down into a concert venue. The addition of these auxiliary programs is a step in the right direction, but these are still only more limited-use spaces with generally low occupancy over the course of the average year. A major drawback of this design is the amount of area it still wastes. The integrated community spaces help soften the blow, but with its limitless rural setting, this track is one off the largest on the calendar sprawling out nearly 600 acres. The new proposal on Fiesta Island will further the positive potential of Austin’s track while keeping to a significantly smaller footprint and exploring more typologies of how program can interact with a racetrack.
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The Brixworth factory and research campus in the UK is an example of what constitutes a state of the art facility that constantly pushes the cutting edge of technology. Operating out of this complex, the Mercedes Formula 1 team has engineered the longest consecutive driver’s and manufacturer’s championship victories in the history of the sport (every year from 20142020. Consistent engineering supremacy suggests the innovative potential of such a facility - a high bar that the Fiesta Island site aims to meet. A research and technical fabrication campus of similar stature will be a key ingredient in the program mix of the new tracksite proposal. Having such a space directly within a racetrack will streamline the alternating research process between in-house design and road testing on track, eliminating the current environmental burdens of hauling test materials back and forth. The complex features program spaces including but not limited to: research labs, wind tunnel testing, mechanics garages, parts manufacturing factory space, design offices for engineers and marketing staff, and museum/historical Mercedes artifacts displays. Soccer Stadium, Concert Venue, and Viewing Tower
“Mercedes-AMG HPP Brixworth Factory”
Factories of Formula 1 teams like this have revolutionized the custom parts manufacturing process, developing new machines to keep up with the pace of unique parts that are constantly evolving throughout the typical race season.
“Austin Bold FC Stadium”
Windwheel Rotterdam, NL - Proposed This building provides an excellent example for integrating many green design strategies into one building, including one of the world’s first large-scale solid state wind energy transformers. Its combination of multiple program types with hotel, apartments, offices, restaurants, and public transport spaces all wrapped inside one climateresponsive skin makes the Dutch Windwheel an excellent role model for any responsible new development on a similar port town site.
Mexico City GP, Stadium Section “Foro Sol” Mexico City, MX - 1993
(F1 Fanatic)
The track’s final chicane is surrounded by full stadium seating, elevating it to a new level of spectacle and allows it to be used as a concert venue after races.
The facade features integrated greenery and outdoor spaces to create a living, breathing, interactive exterior. It is also made with photovoltaic shading devices and openings for natural ventilation throughout the floor plate.
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The ventilating, energy-generating skin captures and recycles rainwater to be used within the complex. Organic waste produced by occupants and urban farming within some of its greenspaces are incorporated into fertilizing the farming operations or into biogas production onsite.
Homeless Transitional Housing, LA Los Angeles, CA - 2021
(Reiner-Roth)
This housing community made out of repurposed shipping containers by NAC Architecture in LA turns waste into hope. Modular, recyclingbased design like this could be incorporated into the San Diego site in an effort to combat the city’s homelessness problem.
Sepang International Circuit Sepang, Malaysia - Opened 1999
The F1 circuit for the Malaysian Grand Prix provides an example of non-racing program integrated into a traditional circuit layout. A section of spectator stands configured in a ’V-shape’ houses a shopping mall and pedestrian plaza on the interior side.
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MORE THAN JUST A RACETRACK In the center of an active area and a popular tourist destination, it is important to provide as many public amenities as possible. The Fiesta Island track site will be home to many activities in addition to racing: water sports, beach play, sport facilities, and outdoor music and event spaces.
A more environmentallyconscious track site aims to incorporate energy sustainability, technological research/innovation, electric vehicle test facilities, and educational eco park and climate changeresponsive landscape interventions.
(Hernandez)
Compete
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Play
(Tinsley)
Relax
Mingle
(Ochs)
Eat
Exercise
Research/ Innovate
Learn
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A NEW COMMUNITY CENTER
EARLY SCHEMATIC DESIGN
Racing
Area (sq. ft.)
Pit Garages
90,000
Commentary and Team Boxes
80,000
Team Parking and Trailers
300,000
Community and Press Spaces
100,000
Engineer and Auxiliary Offices
75,000
Spectator Stands
650,000
Track
TBD
Track Management Facilities
1,250,000
Research Warehouses and Testing Space
600,000
Offices
90,000
Laboratory Spaces
150,000
Recreation Performance Stage/Amphitheater
110,000
Football Pitch and Stands
150,000
Basketball and Tennis Courts
60,000
Watersports Rentals
18,000
Playgrounds and Eco Park
TBD
Motorsport Museum
15,000
And many more! Site Area:
~350 acres
Total: (91 acres)
~4,000,000 sf
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