Reactive Dynamism Michael Chun Wai WONG Group 12 Semester 2/2013
634 251
MODULE 1 IDEATION Measure Drawing and Materials system Skin and Bone
This module focues on the studies of different materials systems. My topic is skin and bone and we made a measure drawing base on our material system. After that, we will also need to think about some ideas and make sketches base on the studied material system and connect to our personal space.
Skin and Bone Measure Drawings
The system of the object is using string (the bone) tension to keep the the skin place. On the other hand, loosening the tension is going to ‘freeform’ the skin. The spring is the tool for increasing the descreasing the tension of the strings
I created a measure drawings by breaking up each components of the object. After that, I draw all of the elements on a paper including the elements inside the object such as the spring and the push button. The elevation view drawing is 1:1 and it was drawn by doing a detail measurement. The top view measure drawing is drawn on a tracing paper and it is also a 1:1 drawing.
Ideations First Idea
The First idea of the second skin with the characteristic of skin and bone is a movable shoulder pad. After reading the Personal Space: the behavioral basis of design by Robert Sommer, the meaning of personal space is people are actually want some more spaces than normal, but their bodies can only provide them a limited space. The reason I had my idea on my shoulder is beacuse I think our shoulders is one of our strong body part, people usually use their shoulders to protect themselves. It is a strong body part for providing a further personal space. So I think it is a good position for my second skin to develop.
Same as my material system (skin and bone) before, it will has a string connected between my wrist and the shoulder pad. The string is presenting the bone of my idea and the shoulder pad is the bone. The idea of the design is that when I move my elbow, the string will has a tension force to pull the shoulder pad. Therefore, the shoulder pad would has a movement created by the tension forces and it is able to provide a stronger message for my personal space.
Ideations Second Idea
The second idea is a wing which can wear at the back. From the reading of the personal space, I have learnt one of the reason people want more pesonal space because they want to protect themselves from the invasion. Therefore, I think our backs is one of the weakness because it is behind our visions. So, my second idea is palced on the back of our bodies and it is a wing which has a flexibility. From the wing, it can be used to scare people out from our back but also can open for providing a larger personal space. The skin and bone will be represented by the flexibility. The idea of this skin and bone is from the characteristic of an umbrella which content joints so the second skin can change in it’s shape.
MODULE 2 DESIGN Reverse Mechanism Skin and Bone/Panel and fold
This module focues on the design of the second skin. We have been grouped as three and we try to combine our studied material systems together and design a second skin. We will need to decide our personal space connection with the final second skin design.
Design Combination of skin and bone and panel and fold A DYNAMIC WING The design is a dynamic wing structure which folds flat and responds to body language in order to create defensive spikes which articulate the wearer’s personal space. This is drawing on the way the body responds when personal space feels invaded: the crossing of arms and upwards movement of shoulders. This draws from natures - think of animals such as a frill-neck lizard or puffer fish.
COMBINED STRUCTURES The design uses both panel and fold and skin and bone structures. The panel and fold system is used to make the individual plates which form the structure. Each plate could be considered a panel OR a skin. The string which is intended to run through the panels to make the design adaptive is the corresponding “bone”.
Design Connection between speronal space and second skin
For my personal space, I think my arms can perfectly show it. It is because we always use our arms to protect ourselves. For example, when we feel danger, we might move our arms in front of our bodies to protect our most import part of body. We also move around our arms to create our personal space. Therefore, for the further idea of my second skin, I would like to improve the function of our arms to create a larger personal space or create a stronger message from the second skin.
The interesting part of this second skin design is the movement. As I have mention before, my personal space is demonstrated by the movement of my arms. Also, the second skin will provide a stronger message for my personal space to the people around. In this second skin design, each components will move upward with sharp angle when my arms are moved. Therefore, when I want to protect my first skin of my body, my second skin will give me a larger personal space and strong message. And this design will also be developed by the skin and bones system.
Design Panel design on Rhino
Because we need to combine those geometries together, so we had created this new panels with our design on Rhino. Those planes are placed here. Now, each of the geometry has a gap so we can place another one on the top nicely.
To print it out from the rhino and make the physical model, we will first need to transfer the 3D modeling into a flat and 2D surface. Therefore, we need to unroll it on rhino. As we want to create a gap, we need to create an extra surface here, and then we will use this
Design Precedent
Fans are very simple items which are well resolved and elegent in a design sense. When we thought about the type of movement we wanted for the second skin, fans showed a number of desireable characteristics.
Fans use a series of repeated geometries which can be seen in two states: open or closed. They pivot around a screw in order to do this but the most important aspect of the fan design in terms of our design was how they stop from swinging too far. This is done with a string which ties the ends together which also foces the blades to follow each other. When you move one blade, the next must do so also and so on. After using the fan structure on our pototype, it successfully works. And that is our first pototype model.
Design First Pototype
Fan Mechanism: Prototype ONE This prototype worked in essentiaals. The three panels fan out when the string is pulled. However it had several problems which need to be resolved. In order to make a pivot I had to add ribbing to the interior of each panel. This is not an elegant solution. Because of the way the ribs must be stacked to imitate a fan, they crush the panel below when the prototype is closed and pull laterally when it’s open. W The other issue is the ineelegance of the pivot system. That is the reason we have developed the new workable panel on the previous pages.
Design Second Pototype
Fan Mechanism: Prototype Two This prototype, we had used pasteboard and fishing wire rather than paper and cotton to make, becuase we wanted to experiment with materials more like the ones we will eventually use in the final second skin. It also uses the new panel with the fold which will replace the ribbing. The extra weight of the card created an issue with the mechanism, In this version the movement is certainly not as smooth as the original one. This was resolved when we added a wire guide to the pivot section which ensure the sngle of the “pulley is sufficient to move the panels. The other issue we faced was the new flattened version of the panel. Because the main slit which flattens the design is behind the string it is not very strong and the string may silp down and break it. This may be fixed by moving the slit. Although there are still some problems with the prototype, it was a successful trial. We also tried to put it onto our wrist and it was not very smooth. The next aspect of the design is to work on the application of this mechanism to a larger scale and work well on a human’s bodies. This module readings gave us some senses of our prototype model such as using a simple geometry for our designing model and understand the system first rather then go directly to a complex design. Actually, the readings and the lecture are having a similar points of view, they encourage us to use a simple geometry and rule to create a interesting design effect, we shouldn’t think about the design complexity at the beginning.
MODULE 3 FABRICATION Reactive Dynamism
This module focues on the fabrication of our full scale prototype and the final second skin. We will be solving all the problems we had discovered from the first and second prototype. We will also decide what type of material going to be used for the final second skin model.
FAERICATION Full scale Pototype
Fan Mechanism: Full Scale Prototype In this prototype, we had focued on the mechanism function on a human’s bodies in a larger scale. The photos above show our first full scale prototype, we had spent a lot of times on working out the mechanism on a body. Finally, we realised that we must use the right arm to provide a tension force to the string for creating the mechamism. In this case, each set of the panel has their owned string for the connection, so all of the string will go through the back of the body to the right arm. The photos show the effect when the panel are opened with the force and also closed without any net force. That was a big gaol for this prototyping module, because we have successfully worked out the hardest part of the project (Mechanism). Alought it was a successful mechanism, there are still many issues have to sovle. We have used velcro to attach the panels on the arm, but the panel is not very stable and it moves around. Also, the pattern of the panel was totally placed on my arm randomly, so the string was too messy and the panels couldn’t cover the whole arm. There are many gaps between the panels.
FAERICATION Nesting and Material
The way the panels were initially nested for the first prototype was inefficient in terms of both time and materials. In the final design the panels were nested much closer and with shared lines. This meant the panels could be cut faster using materials.
Materials
For the full scale prototype, we used mountboard as the materials. However, the burn marks on the board didn’t look nice and it is a bit heavy for the mechanism. In the final skin, we decided to use polyropelene and it was much stronger than the mountboard but also lighter. We think that is the prefect materials to be used for our project as it’s colour, texture and weight.
FAERICATION Final Piece
In the final model, we have to make sure each of the panel must be stable, so we have designed a new series for the pattern of the panels. They are new with a set of three, and there are four sets in total plus the biggest panel for the shoulder pad, In this case, the string can go through directly with other, the string will finally comes into one. Therefore, the string would be too messy and hence better for the orgainsation of the mechamism. We also reailsed that the most stable set of the panel from the prototype is the botton one with a ring for attaching it to the finger. Therefore, in our final design, we will add two more rings to the finger (shown in the picture), and they will make the panels more stable. Moreover, Some of the botton panels will be attached to the front panel, so they can become much more stable for the mechanism.
FAERICATION Final Piece
The pivots used on our previos mount board prototype were much different. The previous pivots were unique to each of the different panels. It was very messy and inconsistent as it did not match the smart repetition of the panels. To change the aesthetical look of the pivot they were molded using pliers. You are able to see a much cleaner and refined look that it emphasizes. The re-design of the pivot was also created from thicker wire to result in a sturdier product. Additionally the design of the pivot creates a tunnel-like feature which aids in guiding the string in the right direaction. It works better than the previous pivat as it is much longerthis hleps to avoid the fishing line getting caught on angles which could prevent the panels lifting.
MODULE 4 REFLECTION
This module focues on the reflection of the whole project. I will write about how were the lectures and readings influenced our ideas and design. How were they improtant my thinkings and weakness. This module will help me to step fruther in the future as a design aspect.
At this stage, we have achieved the final process which is the fabrication of our second skin. For getting to this stage, I have found that the weekly readings and also the lectures were useful tools to help us to understand the concepts of design. They push our thinknigs to another level.
The reality is always turn out differently. Our secind skin design really proved this statement, because our imagnation of the mechanism was so difficult to achieve in the reality. Thereofere, we had to make many prototypes and experiences to get to the goal. Although our mechanism could not show the in Rhino, the digital like that help us to In the first few lectures, Paul Loh (2013) mentioned organise the pattern of the panels. As RifKin (2011) that Le Corbusier believed Architecture ought mentioned the digital world give powers to deto look like something rather than try to be it. The signers to make their imagination a reality. software tools is meaned to help us to achieve our design ideas, we should not rely on those tools for When fabricating the prototypes and final project, creating the design for us. This statement was influ- it was really important to be aware of the practianced our design, because our design is about cality of certain constructing methods. Architecmechanism, and it was a huge challenge for us. ture in the Digital Age (2003) was one of the useful It was not easy to create the mechanism and the reading to understand the context of design movement on our second skin, but we kept trying fabrication. It specified the various methods of to achieve the goal rather than changing the 2D and 3D fabrication, some of the process can design idea. Because we believed that we can substract physical material from a base shape. For use differenet designs to sovle the problems sush our project, we used the laser cutter, it dramatias the pivots and pattern of the panels. cally shortened the time taken to translate our models from digital to physical form. Overall, it is a Our tutor also reminded us to look at the TED TALK very useful tool although there are some limitation by Lucy McRae in the lecture. It talked about such as the burning marks. how can technology transform the human body. It demonstrated some of the designs which can In the end, virtual environment is a huge subject help the project become more sustainable. For for me, it is because I was introduced some new example, she had a design on a human’s face tecquines and knowledges for design. Although and those little designed elements on the face our second skin design doesn’t require many can really help the final project. Therefore, we Rhino skill, but I think it is enough for me to have have focued more on the little design such as the more confidences for the architecture course in pivots. the future for both Rhino skill and the design spirit. Before taking this subject, I only knew about drawThe module two and three were the most impor- ing, but now, I have learnt to use digital software tant part of the project. Many changes and issues such as Rhino and the fabrication method such were happening between those two module. I as laser cutting. They made me become a better remenbered Paul Lou (2013) gave us a lecture person and a better designer. about “The power of making”, and it made me realised that the idea of the design and drawing were only a small part of the process.
REFERENCES Sommer, R. (1969). ‘Personal space : the behavioral basis of design’ Architecture in the Digital Age - Design and Manufacturing / Branko Kolarevic. Spon Press, London, c2003 Digital fabrications: architectural and material techniques / Lisa Iwamoto. New York : Princeton Architectural Press, c2009. TED talks - Lucy McRae [http://www.ted.com/talks/LucyMcRae technologytransform.html] viewed on 9/27/2013 The third Industrial Revolution / Jeremy Rifkin. Palgrave Macmillan, C2011.pp107-126