LIGHT IN GROWTH AND EXPANSION REPRESENTATION 2 2019
MICHAEL DIVIARAJ A1760213
TABLE OF C PART 1 - PLACE SITE PLAN AND ELEVATION
3-4
VIEWS
5-6
ACCESS AND MOVEMENT ANALYSIS
7
DAY AND NIGHT TIME PHOTOS
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SITE INFORMATION LIGHT STUDY 1 - LUMINOSITY
9-10 11-12
PART 2 - IDEA LIGHT IN GROWTH AND EXPANSION
13-14
IDEA AND CONCEPT
15-16
LIGHT STUDY 2 - REFLECTION
17-18
PART 3 - FORM PLAN, ELEVATION AND SECTIONS
1
19-20
CONTENTS FLOOR PLANS
21-22
VIEW OF 3D STRUCTURE
23-24
VIEW OF 3D STRUCTURE
24-25
SPACE COMPOSITION
26-27
LIGHT STUDY 3- OPACITY
28-29
CLASS EXERCISES MOBILITY
30
UFOLDING PLAN
31
PART 4 - MATERIAL EXPLODED STRUCTURE
32-33
INTERNAL 3D VIEWS
34-35
LIGHT STUDY 4 - FILTRATION
36-37
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
38-39
2
SITE PLAN
3
1:800
ELEVATIONS
SOUTH ELEVATION
NORTH ELEVATION
EAST ELEVATION
1:800 4
AERIAL AND GROUND VIEWS
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LIGHT/SHADOW STUDY SUMMER 9:00 AM
WINTER 9:00 AM
SUMMER 12:00PM
WINTER 12:00 PM
SUMMER 3:00PM
WINTER 3:00PM
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ACCESS AND MOVEMENT
The arrows show the directions of entry, movement and exit from the site.
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PHOTOS OF THE SITE
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SITE INFORMATION The Maths Lawn is located in the North Easterrn part of the University of Adelaide campus and serves as a great spot for relaxation for both students and faculty alike. It is surrounded by the the Braggs building to the North, Engineering building to the South and the Barr Smoth library to the West. Northen sunlight seems to penetrate this area really well which allows for illumination of the interiors by natural sunlight. The site has a greater purpose in the social and cultural context. Other than being a relaxation spot, a lot of activities are conducted in this open space. At the start of the semester this open space is bustling with students. “0-week� is the first week of the semester and a lot of fun filled activities are conducted here. Stalls and booths that provide information and help for students are set up in this location. Various clubs and student organisation hold their meetings here. The famous Fringe festival in Adelaide which is held form mid - February to mid March has a venue in the Maths Lawn! The whole city glows with energy during this period and the Maths Lawn being a venue is central for all the events and shows that take place. During this time, the grass is damaged but it regrows over the next couple of months. There are a lot of benches and chairs on the perimeter of the lawn which provide seating facilities for students. Trees are also present around the perimeter of the lawn which provide shading during the hot summer months. There is access to water and power facilities on site aswell. I have also seen a number of food trucks selling food to students in this area The Barr Smith library which is adjacent to the lawn is a heritage building. This building is is stark contrast to it;s much more modern looking neigbour buildings but nevertheless has adapted to its surroundings with the progression of time. The front facade of the library is a hotspot for photography enthusiasts who can;t seem to get enough of this hertiage building.
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The site is a perfect mix of heritage, modern glass curtain wall and standard brick wall buildings which is rather unique to find all 3 typologies in one site. Pavement aross the border of the site makes it easy for pedestrains to traverse across without having to trample on the Maths Lawn, thus keeping the grass intact. Keeping all of this in mind, we are to design a light pavillion that interacts with the site in a meaningful way and does not by any change hinder the relaxation of students coming to the site but rather enhances it in a more meaningful way.
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LIGHT STUDY 1 LUMINOSITY The cambridge dictionary states that luminosity is the state of producing or reflecting light. Lumionsity is a unit of measure in astronomy which is the totla amount of electromagnetic energy emitted per unit of time by a star, galaxy or another astronomical object. These astronomical objects have a huge amount of energy to light up the universe. This essay will focus on the philosiphical meaning and the architectural meaning of luminosity The philosophical meaning of luminosity can extend to other physical charecteristics of it, namely reflection and illumination. We will first focus on the relationship between lumionsity and illumination. Basicaly is the ability of a body to emit light. During this process, another physical charecteristic called relfection cannot be ignored. Light is a form of electromagnetic energy which caused a sensation of sight. When light falls on an object, it reflects and some of it falls into our eyes which makes us see the object. This is why we can’t see anything in a dark room. This is why we can’t see anything in a dark room. Light is not able to enter the room, hence no reflection. If all the surfaces do not reflect light and just absorbs it what we will be able to see is the original luminostiy of it. Everyday objects would disappear into plain sight - tables chairs, buildings, cars etc. Therefore to an extent reflection accomplishes lumionsity. Refletion and luminosity need to work hand in had for us to see this beautiful and colourful world. In the field of architecture, luminosity is not something that lights up the inside space of a building but rather an element that can finish the whole work done by an architect. In modern architecture, electronic illumination is taking a predominant role. Many architects are combining luminosity with structure and materials of their building.
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According to the article - “Architectural lighting of Zaha Hadid”, she produced many great buildings which incooperated various elements of luminosty in it. Which eventually had a final great impression on it. For example the MAXXI Museum(Rome, 2009), Guangzhou Opera House(Guangzhou, 2010), Heyder Aliyev Centre(Baku, 2012) and Nanjing International Youth Cultural Centre(Nanjing, 2016) are typical works which produced luminosity seamlessly. Especially the opera houses, as opera houses can’t use daylight for illumination. In this scenario, electronic illumination is necessary. Zaha Hadid used over a thousand light panels in the ceiling of Guangzhou Opera House and Nanjing Internation Youth Cultural Centre. But the MAXXI Museum, in contrast to the Opera Houses, needs more daylight. Zaha Hadid fused daylight with electronic illumination. It’s ceilings and louvres ensure that sunlight has access to the glass during the daytime. The black stairs are also in contrast to the white walls by illumination of sunlight To sum up the above content, we have introduced the definition of luminosity and claimed that it and reflection cannot be separated. The conclusion is that luminosity is absalutely necessary in architecture. it brings about an awareness, aesthetics and creation. Therefore, controlling the lumionosity in any project is a skill every architect should be familiar with.
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LIGHT IN GROWTH AND EXPANSIONLight in Growth and Expansion, is the metaphor I have chosen for my concept design. In nature, plants gorw with exposure to sunlight. Sunlight helps in photosynthesis which then helps the plants produce essential nutrients for their growth. As individuals, we too are growing daily. We are faced with circumstances and challenges that mould us to the person we are. Study shows that healthy exposure to sunlight on a regular basis helps the body produce essential vitamins whcih helps in it’s functioning. A part of the way in coping with these challenges in our daily lives is to have a healthy and fit body. My concept was to create a relaxation/breakout space in the Maths Lawn which would help students unwind and rejuvenate after a long day. This will help them clear their minds and start their work fresh the following day. In this concept, a part of the building is undergorund and a part above ground level
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PRECEDENT STUDY The inspiration of my design comes from the concept of bringing the outdoors indoors. A more naturalist looking space. Studies also show that being in a natural environment is known to be healing and to reduce stress. Light gets into the pavillion via the glass panels and “illuminate� those who are inside. The part of the pavillion which is above ground is made up entirely of glass. The mulions of this pavillion are attached to the concrete slab on ground level. This transparent structure will not inhibit the view of the Barr Smith Library from Frome Street. The part of the pavillion which is underground is made up of concrete. Slits on the concrete slab on ground level help ligh from the outside reach inside. Most of the illumination needs of the lower level are met by daylight but there is an option for artificial lighting if it is required.
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IDEA AND CONCEPT
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I started out making random shapes. But I wanted to stick to rigid forms and not curved. As curved glass is harder to create and requires more energy. Slowly my design refined and got a mixture of different angles
I wanted to build an overground pavillion with a basement. For that reason I had to make all the external walls glass in the overground pavillion. The lines represent mullions, as there can never be a single slab of glass of that length. The glass external walls in the overground portion of the pavillion doesn;t block the view of the Barr Smith library from Frome Road.
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LIGHT STUDY 2 REFLECTION In the last case study, we saw that reflection was an important part of Luminosity. That is, reflection and lumionisty occur almost simuntaneously. The definition of reflection is the change in direction and wavefront of the light after it hits a surface. The philosiphical meaning of reflection is very broad. As reflection does not only occur in light but in philosophy it is more of self relfection. Reflection occurs everywhere and no matter if it occurs in physics, philosophy and architecture, reflection is a very important phenomena. Philosophical reflection is the careful examination of life situations. This involves the weighing of several alternatives and using specific standards to evaluate one’s actions. A man reflects philosophically when he is able to build on previous actions, events, or decisions. This occurs when an individual is aware of his thinking, if he is happy or sad or any mixture of emmotions. Gradually overtime, the individual begins to “Know thyself”. In architecture, reflection is used in a large of architecture designs and it is gruadually becoming a pretty common feature in modern buildings. A lot of architects use reflection to present a sense of future and technology. Reflection can also show the quality of the material. In this reading, Veiled in Brilliance: How reflective facades have changed modern architecture, from this article, reflection is achieved by using glass and metal in facades. The future buildings are mostly represented with glass and metal and architects want to create more modern looking structures, hence we see a lot of buildings made of these buildings nowadays. In modern cities, glazed skyscrapers and buildings with steel frames are common. The author provides examples of some steel framed glazed buildings such as Wilis Faber and Dumas Headquarters.
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Guggenheim Mueseum Bilbao, National Grand Theatre of China, Messe Basel New Hall and South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute. In the Glass Skyscraper in Berlin, the glass used in the building does not represent futurism but rather to blend in well with the surrounding buildings which are more heritage in appereance. Moreover if glass is used it will look like the building is “invisible” as it would reflect the clear sky and not be too out of context. Another classic example in architecture history is Guggemheim Museum. The building uses reflective materials(metal) to present it’s concept of fish scales There is a drawback of using too much reflection in a structure. A lot of reflection will cause visual fatigue in people and to some level will cause light pollution. In conclusion , we have introduced the definiton of reflection and the philosophical meaning. We then explained how relfection is being used in architecture and the effects of its overuse. Overall reflection is a key feature in modern architecture and as with everything moderation is essential.
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ELEVATIONS, PLANS AND SECTION
SOUTH ELEVATION
NORTH ELEVATION
SECTION
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1:800
SITE PLAN 1:800 The following are elevations, section and plan of the light pavillion. The overground part of the pavillion is made of glass while the underground componenet is made up of concrete. The pavillion has more features and functions than just a space for relaxation. It has a 1. Reception 2. Small library 3. Relaxation space 4. Toilets 6. Conference rooms 7. Exhibition area 8. Storage space
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FLOOR PLANS - LEVEL ONE
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This is level one of the pavillion. It has glazed slits in the concrete slab to let light from the outside reach the lower floor. Threre is a spiral stair case and a lift for access tot he lower floor. The walls on the upper floor are all glass.
FLOOR PLANS - GROUND LEVEL
This is the ground level of the pavillion. The two rooms on the extreme right are the conference rooms. The space in the middle is for exhibitions and the 3 rooms on the extree left are male, female and disabled toilets, respectively.
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VIEWS - GROUND
23
VIEWS - AERIAL
24
VIEWS - INTERNAL UPPER FLOOR
24
VIEWS - INTERNAL LOWER FLOOR
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SPACE COMPOSITION The Light pavillion is not just a space for rest and relaxation but has other facilities and features. In addition to a dediated relaxation zone, there is a reception, small library inthe upper levels and toilets, exhibiton area, storage and conference rooms. There is a staircase and lift access to reach the lower floors.
RECEPTION RELAXATION SPACE SMALL LIBRARY TOILETS STORAGE SPACE EXHIBITION AREA CONFERENCE ROOMS
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ACCESS AND MOVEMENT These two drawings show the access and movement around the pavillionand from the outside to the inside. The top photo shows Level 1 and the Bottom photo shows the Ground Level. There is a staircase for accessibility to the ground level. A lift is also available for disability access. The lift is made of glass to allow illumination.
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LIGHT STUDY 3 OPACITY Opacity in physics is the measure of impermeability of matter to electromagnetic or any kind of radiation, . This phenomena cannot be serparated from other phenomenas like absoprtion, reflection and scattering, they instead work together Opacity in philosophy has a very different meaning. When we say someone is opaque, it usually refers to the fact that the person is hard to ‘see’ through or understand. The person is not ‘transparent’ and it is normally difficult to understand any emotion cues displayed by that person. Opacity is also whena statement is unclear, ambigious or absurd According to the case study reading: Whiteness in Nordic Countries, light is a very important element in architectural design. The application of opacity is very important in the buildings because of the geographical position of the Nordic countries. Light during the year cannot enter ffrom above but more from the side and because of this, almost all architects use white walls in their designs. There are also a lot of openings in the walls to make sure that sunlight gets into the buildings and that every room is adequately lit. In Plummer’s study of Steven Holl’s Herning Museum of Contemporary Art, white surfaces can offer a high reflectance to improve interior brightness for long winter periods. For obtaining high relfectance, colour is one of the most essential elements. Basing this on the physical protperties, dark surfaces tend to absorb light and lighter surfaces tend to reflect light better. Architects use this principle in their design of
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buildings to maximize or minimise brightness inside a building. This reading also provides some early examples of architecture in Denmarks medieval churches. Throughout the entirety of Western architecture history, light takes an essential role in religious architecture, because these religious buildings need light to create an atomostphere of mystery and sacredness. Dybkar Church of Regnbeun Arkitekter uses white walls and ceilings to keep the level of brightness high. Rough materials can cause diffusion and make harsh sunlight gentler by relfection. Smooth surfaces make natural light more intense. Using these differenct charecteristics of msterials we can create stunning effects in the interiors of a building. To sum it all up, opacity in architeture is important and can’t be ignored. In the first part of the essay, we have introduced the meaning of opacity and that opacity doesn’t exist independently. Next, we have discussed the application of opacity in architecture and how the physical charecteristics of any material affect opacity
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MOBILITY EXERCISE
30
UNFOLDING PLAN
31
EXPLODED STRUCTURE These photos are the exploded version of the pavillion. The pavillion has two levels. The top photo is Level 1 and the bottom photo is Ground Level. The base and the lower walls of the pavillion are made up of cocrete. The external walls of Level 1 of the pavillion are entirely glazed to not obstruct any views. The image on the far right shows the enrty of light into the glazed slits on the slab in the upper floor. This allows light to illumnate the lower part of the pavillion without much need for artificial lighting The other image shows elevator access to the lower part of the pavillion for easy disability access. The elevator is glazed to not obstruct any views on Maths Lawn
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INTERNAL 3D VIEWS
34
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LIGHT STUDY 4 FILTRATION Usually filtration is assoicated with the various physical, mechanical, biological and chemical processes that separate solids from fluids by adding a medium through which only the fluid can pass. This separates the fluid from its solid componenets. the philosophical meaning of filtration is a rather broad one. As we carry on with our daily lives, daily We meet many people and have conversations with them, some brief and some deep. Whether we realise it or not, they influence us and have an impact on us. Our brains naturally filter all the information collected from the conversation and keeps what is needed. Filtration also happens in education. As we study or read a book, only the information that is required is “filtered” and retained in our brains subconciously from the rest of the information. Filtration also happens in a selection process - for jobs, enrollment in universities. Students and candidates that meet the criteria are “filtered” from the rest of the populace, leaving the rest behind. As it can be seen from these examples, filtration is rather a common scenario in our day to day lives. Using the light element in architecture by the proces of filtration is a common pracctice used by many architects. The easy way is to use different glass types to filter light. But some architects use different materials and combine it with reflecion to create spectacular effects. In this reading ‘Light matters: Le Corbusier and the Trinity of Light, there are a lot of examles tat show the relationship of light with different building materials. Le Corbusier designed a few sacred buildings and created kinetic architecture with daylight by using appropriate orientation, openings and textures. Because of his skilled design
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application, the effect of the filtration of light shows on the wall and it is different from solar radiation. it should also be mentioned that light is linked with divinity and holiness in many religions. Therefore the impact of light filtration iby architecture n religious buildings and places is huge. Le Corbusier expressed an exception sensitivity for the interaction of colours and light. Sunlight was transalated into different colours or shards into smoothness, which is a type of filtration. Henry Plummer is another person who had a good play with light and heightened the transformative power of daylight. He stated saying “ A further significance of daylight as a creative tool in architecture is that it has moods, which are able to infuse physical things with a metaphysical spirit and can totally alter the charecter of the building”. Henry travelled to a lot of places and took a lot of photos of the effect of light on architecture. In his opinion lighting fixtures are something added on to in architecture. Natural light is inherent and every built form is a form of light. In contrast to this, artificial light, despite it’s necessity is inert and in this sense, dead. In conclusion, at the beginning of this essay we talked about it’s linguistic meaning and later moved on to it’s philosophical meaning. finally we discussed how light filtration is pplied in architecture and focused on a few buildings of Le Corbusier and saw his contribution.
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CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
CORNING GLASS BLOCK UNIT MORTAR ASPHALT EMULSION
SURFACE FINISH 100mm CONCRETE SILL FLOOR FINISH
SILL - GLASS BLOCK AT FLOOR SLAB 38