Student Wellness Center by Michelle Stice

Student Weness Center By: Michee Stice

Student Wellness Center Michelle Stice

Capstone Researching & Programming Jefferson University Fall 2018

Capstone Committee: Lisa Phillips Capstone Research and Programming Professor Associate Professor Jefferson University, East Falls Campus 4201 Henry Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19144 Lisa.Phillips2@jefferson.edu

Lawrence McEwen Capstone Design Professor Adjunct Professor Jefferson University, East Falls Campus 4201 Henry Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19144 Lawrence.McEwen@jefferson.edu

Tuong Hyugh Outside Advisor Principal at L2P Three Logan Square 1717 Arch Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103 hyugh@l2p.com

Debra Laino Outside Advisor Adjunct Professor Jefferson University, East Falls Campus 4201 Henry Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19144 Debra.Laino@jefferson.edu 3

Dedicated to:

To my Mom and Sisters: Thank you for always standing by my side and believing in me. You always encourage me and inspire me to live my dreams. I would not have not made it this far without all your love and support. To Monti: Thank you for being the best puppy ever. You never fail to make me smile and lay by my side and keep me company while I do my work.

6 Section

Section

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Introduction and Design Objective

Historiography

Case Studies

Qualitative and Technical Criteria

Topical Explorations

109

Existing Site, Context, Climate & Zoning

119

Program Development and Documentation

131

Building Analysis, Code, Regulations & Standards

145

Project Research Summary & Conclusion

149

Bibliography & Appendix

Contents

Preface

As someone who has suffered from migraines and anxiety more than half my life, I can relate to what it is like having an unseen illness. Often times other people do not understand what it is like just trying to get through an average day. I came up with the idea of a college wellness center when I was home on medical leave during my sophomore year. During this time I did not feel as though there was a strong community to help students who were struggling with their health. From my experience, the services offered by universities are limited by their hours and availability and are not always accessible when students need help. Mental health is such a prevalent issue among college students and the right measures should be taken in order to make sure everyone feels safe and comfortable in their environment.

Fig.1

1.0 10

Introduction & Design Objective

Fig. 2

Student Wellness Center Overview There are 1,100 suicides per year on college campuses in the United States alone. Statistics have proven that the mental health crisis is increasing exponentially, especially among college students and the younger generation.1 Suicide is currently the second most common cause of death among college students. The rise of mental health problems within this generation can be attributed to greater levels 12

of stress and psychopathology which previous generations did not experience to this extent. Studies suggest that between a quarter and a third of students meet criteria for an anxiety or depressive illness during their college experience.2 The stigma around mental health is one of the leading causes why students do not seek help, along with the lack of emphasis that

is put on mental health, and the shortage of time they have to take care of themselves. It is concerning that even when students receive treatment it appears that it is often inadequate.3 The American College Health Association oversaw a mental health survey of over 30,000 students across 39 campuses. From their survey, the results concluded that, â&#x20AC;&#x153;15.4% of students reported being diagnosed with depression. Furthermore,

28.4% of all students, regardless of whether they were diagnosed, reported that they felt so depressed that it was difficult to function. However, only 8.3% of reported being treated for depression.â&#x20AC;?4

Fig. 3

The issue of mental health is not just limited to students in America. The WHO (World Health Organization) conducted a study, World Mental Health International College Student project, in eight different countries.5 The study conducted a survey of university students attending 19 different colleges within the following countries; Australia, Belgium, Germany, Mexico, NorthernIreland, South-Africa, Spain, and the United States.6 The research was based around first year college students and common mental disorders. It was concluded from this study that more than one-third of these students reported symptoms consistent with a diagnosable mental health disorder.7 Mental health is a serious problem around the world and with the increasing rates among students, the demand for services and resources far 13

exceeds what the universities have which might not be easily accessible available. to them otherwise. Students are often overwhelmed by their daily Mental health is a significant crisis schedules and it is almost impossible facing the younger generation. It for them to have the time to seek is necessary not only to address out professional help or treatments these issues but to work towards in addition to having the means of a solution. Mental health is getting there and paying for their not something that should be visit. The prospective facility will be a stigmatized or used to lessen a valuable resource for every college personâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s capabilities; it is something student no matter what health issues that affects everyone. The goal they may suffer from. It will give of this project is to create a safe them access to a space where they space for students to heal and can bond with other students their grow. During such a vulnerable time age, as well as provide a relaxing for many people, having a place space to do homework, receive where students can seek help and treatment, or to take a meditation community among their peers is key or yoga class to destress. This facility to making mental illnesses more will bring together a variety of manageable. Having access to a treatments, physicians, classes and wellness facility that specifically opportunities college students can caters to students will promote benefit from to best deal with any overall health and give them situation they may face. access to care and treatments

General Design Goals The goal of the proposed project is to design a space that students will feel comfortable coming to and seeking help. With the high rates of mental health issues among college students, it is necessary to have a space where they are able to get help when they are away from their family and home support system. For many adolescents and young adults, the first time they are away from home is when they go off to college. This time period is very stressful with the change of atmosphere, the pressures of school and social commitments, and it is a time for young people to figure out who they want to be. At some point or another in every college studentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s life, the pressures of growing up and college life has negative impacts on mental health. The goal of this project is to combat

Fig. 4

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Research shows that nearly 1 in 5 university students are affected with anxiety or depression.â&#x20AC;?8

Fig. 5

these pressures and bring students from multiple local colleges together by creating a calm place to relax and have access to professionals and services that can help them manage any issues or illnesses they may have. This facility will provide a getaway from everyday life stressors and help students learn to cope alongside their peers; whether it is through yoga, therapy, meditation, nutrition, or even more medical 16

procedures like acupuncture or chiropractic sessions.

Research Goals & Methods When designing a successful project of this magnitude, a variety of research must be conducted. The proposed design is unlike any facility that is currently available to college students, which creates ample opportunities for researching why this project is needed in college communities.

Researching opportunities will include a variety of articles and academic journals which focus on mental health and the importance of seeking help for students, not just in America but globally. Another opportunity to collect relevant research will be interviewing individuals on campuses to better understand their perspective and what changes they would like to see implement in a wellness center. The ideal research method

for understanding the design and layout of the prospective project will include visiting existing facilities as case studies. This method of research will allow for first hand experience and the opportunity to observe what design aspects are successful in a real world setting. The credibility and quality of research collected from these resources are vital to the overall success of the building. Mental health is a significant but also sensitive topic which makes understanding the topic and peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s needs imperative to the outcome of the project. The significance of talking to and listening to peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s needs and concerns, when it comes to mental health care, cannot be overstated. It will be necessary for the research to be conducted thoroughly in order to create a space people are comfortable going to and a space to help people heal.

The Role of the Designer The main role of the interior designer is to ensure the health, safety and welfare of the user. For the prospective project, it is

essential that the designer follows these roles as well as understand the atmosphere and the effects of how the built environment can affect treatment and recovery in a wellness center. The designer will implement knowledge of building codes, WELL building standards, sustainability practices, and universal design principles to ensure the project follows all necessary building practices to create a successful space.

Fig. 6

The goal of this project is to create a new standard of healthcare available to college students. The majority of college campuses have some version of a gymnasium, student health center, and counselling services, but never a facility focused on overall mental and physical wellness. Instead of trying to use these current conditions on specific campuses, this facility will be centrally located where students from multiple colleges can come together in a new and inviting environment. When designing this new facility, comfort, sustainability, and WELL building standards should all be implemented to allow the space to be both welcoming and healing 17

Fig. 7

for the user. Creating a space that will focus on student wellness will help diminish the mental health stigma because it will be a place people want to go to because it provides a safe and healthy atmosphere. The designer will work with other specialists and designers to achieve a thoroughly incorporated design that focuses on the client and usersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; happiness and wellbeing. The WELL building standard is one aspect that will dominate the design of the facility to ensure the physical and mental health and wellbeing of all users. Human behavior will also

Fig. 8

be involved in the overall design access to plants and greenery is to ensure a safe place for people the best natural healer. It is vital not suffering from a large array of issues. only for sustainable design but also for the WELL building standard to Sustainability Objectives incorporate natural materials, light, The prospective project will be and indoor air quality. The designer located in a recently constructed will be challenged with learning building near the heart of more about sustainable and WELL Philadelphia. The new design will standards to design a space that allow for adaptive-reuse of the current is beneficial to both the user and building, while also highlighting the environment. It is necessary new sustainable methods within to incorporate environmental the design. The wellness center is considerations in order to further a place to focus on healing and promote the idea of a healthy and health, and studies show that natural lifestyle.

Fig. 9

Client The client for this project will be the Philadelphia Public Health Department. With the mental health crisis being so prominent, the city should take action in providing a refuge to students. This facility will be centrally located and close to transportation so a variety of students from different universities in the area can acquire the range of care options. With funding from the city, it allows students to have equal access to these significant

care and treatment options. The Philadelphia Public Health Department will also partner with local hospitals to make sure there is adequate communication between physicians to maintain top quality of care and to provide another resource for additional medical treatments. The clientâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ultimate goal will be to create a facility that will provide the resources and treatments students need to maintain their health and succeed in school.

Users The public users of the prospective building will be students at Philadelphian universities. The emphasis of the treatment and design of the space will be to focus on the younger generation struggling with mental health issues and the stressors of college life. The attention on students will help create a more comforting environment, where students can be among peers, and the design will be able to address the specific needs to this age group. The staff

will consist of a variety of positions from receptionists, therapists, doctors, yoga instructors, cafĂŠ workers, building management, janitorial workers, and security for the safety of the users and staff. The overall requirements for the building is to provide a safe space for a variety of different needs. Often times mental and physical health can fluctuate greatly from day to day. It is key that the building has a variety of spaces that can care for people suffering from different illnesses. It is also necessary that the design of the building makes each user feel comfortable. The design should provide access as well as privacy to different treatment areas and spaces. The overall safety, comfort, and care are the main priorities of the prospective design and every user should feel they are

receiving the best treatment and experience possible.

Socio-Economic Conditions The purpose of this project is to create a comforting and accepting environment for people of all social groups. The main target group is college students where access to the facility would be covered in their tuition, with only select treatment features or prescriptions having to be extra or work with a co-pay and insurance. The main aspect that needs to be considered is accommodating an assortment of students who come from different socio-economic groups. There are a variety of backgrounds that are able to come together on a campus with help from financial aid, grants, and scholarship opportunities. It is key that every student has access

to the help they need regardless of their financial status. The socioeconomic conditions will also impact the design considerations. The design, furniture, and materials will generally reflect a middle class income, with the main focus being on creating a comfortable space for everyone to enjoy. The goal of the project is to design a space that does not have an institutional atmosphere and also finds a balance between comfort, aesthetics, and practicality for the users.

Demographics This project will be focused on people primarily between the ages of 17-24 years of age. It will be inclusive to all gender identifications as well as all ethnicities, religions, and races. The prospective

Fig. 10

Fig. 11

â&#x20AC;&#x153;In America, someone attempts suicide once every minute, and someone completes a suicide once every 17 minutes. Throughout the world, approximately 2,000 people kill themselves each day.â&#x20AC;?9

project will be located in an urban setting which will also allow for a large variety of students from different universities to have access to the facility through public transportation. The design of the project will have a community feel to help connect people from all demographic groups and backgrounds. It is necessary that everyone feels safe and accepted in the space and the design of the 22

space will focus on popular trends of the current generation to make the space somewhere students want to hang out. It is also imperative to incorporate the generational focus on technology by being forward thinking in how technology can be used to help with ease of access, research, scheduling, and privacy for the users and the facility. Universal design as well as human behavior aspects

also will be addressed as mental health is something that affects all people and language barriers or physical or other mental disabilities should not affect the level of care each person can receive. The main purpose of the facility and the design will focus on overall healing of each individual which can come from physical, psychological, and environmental considerations within the space.

Citations

Drum, David J., Chris Brownson, Adryon Burton Denmark, and Shanna E. Smith. 2009. “New Data On The Nature Of Suicidal Crises In College Students: Shifting The Paradigm”. Nabita. Org. (p. 213-221) https://nabita.org/documents/NewDataonNatureofSuicidalCrisis.pdf. 1

Henriques, Gregg. 2014. “The College Student Mental Health Crisis”. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/theory-knowledge/201402/the-college-studentmental-health-crisis. 2

Pedrelli, P., Nyer, M., Yeung, A. et al. Acad Psychiatry (2015) 39: 503. https://doi-org.ezproxy.philau.edu/10.1007/s40596-014-0205-9

Castillo, Linda G., and Seth J. Schwartz. 2013. “Introduction to the Special Issue on College Student Mental Health.” Journal Of Clinical Psychology 69, no. 4: 291-297. Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost (accessed August 26, 2018). 4

Auerbach, Randy & Mortier, Philippe & Bruffaerts, Ronny & Alonso, Jordi & Benjet, Corina & Cuijpers, Pim & Demyttenaere, Koen & Ebert, David & Green, Jennifer & Hasking, Penelope & Murray, Elaine & Nock, Matthew & Pinder-Amaker, Stephanie & A Sampson, Nancy & Stein, Dan & Vilagut, Gemma & Zaslavsky, Alan & Kessler, Ronald & WMH-ICS Collaborators, WHO. (2018). The WHO World Mental Health Surveys International College Student Project: Prevalence and Distribution of Mental Disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 127. 10.1037/ abn0000362. 5

Ibid.

“One In Three College Freshmen Worldwide Reports Mental Health Disorder”. 2018. Http://Www.Apa.Org. https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2018/09/freshmen-mental-health. aspx. 7

“1 In 5 College Students Have Anxiety Or Depression. Here’s Why”. 2018. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/1-in-5-college-students-have-anxiety-or-depression-heres-why-90440. 8

Henriques, “The College Student Mental Health Crisis.”

Image Citations

Faded View of the City, digital image, by Rafael De Nadai, Accessed October 29th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/b0eg-PYGICQ

Fig.1

Fig. 2

Crowd of people, digital image, by Craig Ren, Accessed October 29th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/5_wU3w1miPQ

Fig. 3

Girl Slouched Over, digital image, by Zohre Nemati, Accessed October 29th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/ETiUU3z74lM

Fig. 4

Students in Class, digital image, by rawpixel, Accessed October 29th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/-MKowu9sPBc

Fig. 5

Girl in Front of Window, digital image, by Cristina Gottardi, Accessed October 29th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/F-PJ9hl6J3I

Fig. 6

Library, digital image, by Gabriel Sollmann, Accessed October 29th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/xKO8HUjVGGA

Fig. 7

Hand on Rainy Window, digital image, by Kristina Tripkovic, Accessed October 29th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/nwWUBsW6ud4

Fig. 8

Empty Classroom Chairs, digital image, by Jonas Jacobsson, Accessed October 29th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/2xaF4TbjXT0

Fig. 9

Train in Motion, digital image, by Mario Calvo, Accessed October 29th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/S_mEIfXRzIk

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Group Meeting, digital image, by Samuel Zeller, Accessed October 29th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/_es6l-aPDA0

Fig. 11

Girl Looking Down, digital image, by Volkan Olmez, Accessed October 29th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/wESKMSgZJDo

Fig.1

2.0 24

Historiography

Fig. 2

The History of Wellness Overview The art of healing and wellness is a practice that has been around since the evolution of man. No person wants to live with pain, illness, or face the mortality of life. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and healing techniques are wellness methods that date back into the BC era, long before any type of modern day medicine or chemicals were 26

invented. These practices focused on the connection of the mind, body, and soul and the use of natural materials from the Earth to heal the body. The ancient traditions from over 2,500 years ago are the oldest documented artifacts that society has of early medical procedures. The history behind these practices is the basic foundation of all future health and medical advancements.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Traditional Chinese Medicine is a several thousand year old practice based on treatments that attempt to restore balance and harmony to the body. One of the main precedents of TMC is the idea of preventative treatments. The focus is on a balanced lifestyle where a personâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s body, mind, and soul are all cared for. This can be affected

by the environment a person lives in, their diet, and exercise and sleep patterns.1

Fig. 3

TCM is based on a very simple principle: â&#x20AC;&#x153;any system that is in harmony tends towards health, wellbeing, and sustainability. A system that is in disharmony tends towards illness, disease, suffering, and collapse.â&#x20AC;?2 It is emphasized that the patientâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s body should be viewed as an organic whole rather than individual parts functioning separately during the course of treatment.3 TCM treatment offers holistic options with some of the most common therapies being dietetic therapy, acupuncture, moxibustion, the burning of an herb on or near the skin, and herbal treatments.4 Drug therapy is to be applied in cases where these measures fail or prove ineffective.

Foundations of TCM One of the central foundations of TCM is the idea of Qi; an energy force that life ultimately flows through.5 A healthy individual must have a harmonious mixture of all the aspects of Qi which ultimately makes up all human beings.6 According 27

to TCM, illness occurs when the Qi is weakened or disrupted. Qi is in a state of continuous flux, transforming endlessly from one aspect of Qi into another.7 Qi is composed of two opposing elements, yin and yang, which are also vital in maintaining good health. The yin and the yang are interdependent and interrelated and TCM emphases the need for maintaining a harmonious relationship between the two to attain a long and healthy life.8 When all of the yin and yang aspects of Qi are in harmony with one another, there is health, wellbeing and contentment. When yin and yang are in disharmony, when there is too much or too little of one aspect of Qi relative to another, then there is illness, pain and suffering.9

Holistic Treatments Acupuncture was originated in ancient China as a medical technique for relieving pain, curing disease, and improving general health. Acupuncture consists of the insertion of one or several small metal needles into the skin and underlying tissues at precise points on the body.10 Archeologists have found stone artifacts and transcripts dating back to the Stone Age depicting ancient acupuncture therapy.11 Long before modern medicine, the Chinese discovered that through the process of inserting needles at certain points in the body, it was possible to overcome fatigue and exhaustion, and even curing some diseases such illnesses as

headaches, body pains, vision problems, organ inflammation, and many others.12 Acupuncture, often together with moxibustion, emerged as one of the earliest healing methods in the history of Chinese medicine. Acupuncture is known as the oldest and one of the foremost therapeutic method developed.13 Even though herbal medicine is believed to have come after acupuncture, they are often used simultaneously to improve the healing process. Herbal treatments are complex because in addition to knowing the body, the Chinese also had to learn and become familiar with the variety of herbs and their different healing properties.14

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

The use of the Earth, herbal plants, animals and minerals are the foundation of herbal remedies and therapeutic treatments in TCM.15 Moxibustion is a specific kind of herbal treatment that involves warming acupoints with burning moxa wool. Different from needles and drugs, moxibustion uses fire to warm and nourish the body. Some of the main functions of moxibustion detoxification, warming, and circulating Qi and blood flow. Herbal treatments are an essential part of TCM as

Fig. 6

they help to detoxify the body and positively impact the Qi.16 Through the manipulation of acupuncture and moxibustion, knowledge about vessels or channels gradually developed and became complete. Acupuncture and moxibustion, by adjusting the yin-yang principle of the body, could cure many kinds of disease and other body imbalances.17

Healing Exercises Keeping the Qi balanced does

not just come from remedies and treatments, but also from the condition of the body and mind. “Qigong has also been known as “Dao Yin,” which means “guiding and directing the Qi flow” by means of specific movements and breathing.”18 Qigong is a type of traditional exercise, originating in China, to maintain health and fitness. “The Qigong exercises known as the “Six Healing Sounds” are an excellent traditional Qigong practice, involving the formation of sounds and their

Fig. 7

vibrations in order to cleanse, reenergize, balance and harmonize the internal organs, thereby creating optimum health.â&#x20AC;?19 Meditation is also a significant part of Qigong practice. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Meditation is a necessary process for training the mind to direct and regulate the energy flow in the body. Once the energy is activated it must be coordinated with the activities of the mind, so that mind and body can benefit from the synchronization and mutual

influence. The mind, when trained by meditation, is able to perceive the subtle levels at which the Qi functions, both at the level of the mind and at the level of the body.â&#x20AC;?20

Feng Shui Feng shui translates to wind and water and is an ancient Chinese concept linking the destiny of man to his environment. TCM and Feng Shui have existed together for thousands of years.21 Feng

Shui can be seen as an addition to TCM as it also works to balance Qi energy. Feng Shui is concerned with order, the harmony of heaven and earth, and with the ways in which humanity can best keep the balance of nature intact.22 It was initially used to identify safe dwelling places where families would be able to flourish and to determine the best burial sites for relatives.23 It aims to ensure that people live in harmony with their surroundings.

Fig. 8

“ Qi is the root of human being. It is the basis of all phenomena in the universe.” - Giovanni Maciocia

“The purpose of Feng Shui, the “art of placement,” is to tap the beneficial Qi energy to the maximum, in order to disperse, disrupt, or remove obstructions to free the flow of Qi.”24 Information about a specific site or room is gathered through sensing the balance of yin and yang. Together the yin and yang flow endlessly into each other, and when balanced, can be appropriately 32

applied to interior spaces. A compass is also often used in Feng Shui to, “determine where the most favorable flows of Qi are located, and then to work out how to produce new Qi of enhance existing Qi concentrations.”25 Conclusion Looking back on history is a necessary step when creating any type of design. The history of

medicine is significant because even with all the advancements over the years, traditional and holistic approaches are still used and valued today. Being able to utilize natural remedies helps to treat and prevent illnesses and diseases. These holistic practices focus on the mind, body, and soul which allows for complete wellness, instead of just treating one issue.

Citations

“Traditional Chinese Medicine”. 2018. Broughttolife.Sciencemuseum.Org.Uk. http://broughttolife.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/techniques/chinesemedicine. “What Is Qi? (And Other Concepts) | Taking Charge Of Your Health & Wellbeing”. 2016. Taking Charge Of Your Health & Wellbeing. https://www.takingcharge.csh. umn.edu/explore-healing-practices/traditional-chinese-medicine/what-qi-and-other-concepts. 3 Jingfeng, Cai. 2011. “A Historical Overview Of Traditional Chinese Medicine And Ancient Chinese Medical Ethics”. Medizin-Ethik.Ch. http://www.medizin-ethik.ch/ publik/historical_overview.htm. 4 “Traditional Chinese Medicine.” 2018. 5 Ibid. 6 “What is Qi?”. 2016. 7 Ibid. 8 Jingfeng, “A Historical Overview of Traditional Chinese Medicine.” 9 “What is Qi?”. 2016. 10 Ma, Kan-Wen. 2000. “Acupuncture: Its Place In The History Of Chinese Medicine”. Institutpsychoneuro.Com. http://www.institutpsychoneuro.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Acupuncture-in-the-History-of-Chinese-Medicine-2000.pdf. 11 Jingfeng, “A Historical Overview of Traditional Chinese Medicine.” 12 Ma, “Acupuncture”. 13 Ibid. 14 Ibid. 15 Jingfeng, “A Historical Overview of Traditional Chinese Medicine.” 16 Deng, Hongyong, and Xueyong Shen. 2013. “The Mechanism Of Moxibustion: Ancient Theory And Modern Research”. National Center For Biotechnology Information. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3789413/. 17 Jingfeng, “A Historical Overview of Traditional Chinese Medicine.” 18 “Brief History Of Qigong | Institute Of Qigong & Integrative Medicine”. 2018. Iqim.Org. http://www.iqim.org/about/history-of-qigong/. 19 Ibid. 20 Ibid. 21 Samson, Janie. 2018. “Feng Shui”. Feng Shui: The Wind And Water. http://academic.mu.edu/meissnerd/samson.html. 22 Ibid. 23 “History Of Feng Shui - The Feng Shui Society”. 2018. The Feng Shui Society. https://www.fengshuisociety.org.uk/history-of-feng-shui/. 24 Samson, “Feng Shui.” 25 Ibid 1 2

Image Citations

Spiritual Elephant, digital image, Artem Bali, Accessed September 3rd 2018. https://unsplash.com/photos/1QA0yxKuItc Meditating in Nature, digital image, Ksenia Makagonova, Accessed September 3rd, 2018. https://unsplash.com/photos/qgigPIt5JiE Fig. 3 Elephant and Temple, digital image, Fred Mouniguet , Accessed September 3rd, 2018. https://unsplash.com/photos/U3WhFhv5Lpo Fig. 4 Chinese Body Chart, digital image, Accessed September 3rd, 2018. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Two_drawings%3B_the_easiest_method_how_to_practice_pranayam_by_Wellcome_L0072457.jpg/1200px-Two_drawings%3B_the_easiest_method_how_to_practice_pranayam_by_Wellcome_L0072457.jpg Fig. 5 Acupuncture Needles, digital image, Accessed September 3rd, 2018. https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/1593/9137/products/Acupuncture.jpg?v=1513319013 Fig. 6 Buddha Statue, digital image, Sabine Schulte, Accessed September 3rd, 2018. https://unsplash.com/photos/Dj8reMyS-Z4 Fig. 7 Mixing Herbs, digital image,Katherine Hanlon, Accessed September 3rd, 2018. https://unsplash.com/photos/mod2s3-qFOc Fig. 8 Herbs and Tea, digital image, Lisa Hobbs, Accessed September 3rd, 2018. https://unsplash.com/photos/mRaNok_Ld6s Fig.1

Fig. 2

Fig.1

3.1 34

Case Studies Part 1

Hawley, Pennsylvania

Fig. 2

The Lodge at Woodloch Introduction Hidden in the middle of the small, rural town of Hawley Pennsylvania, The Lodge at Woodloch is a premier destination spa and resort. The Woodloch is an inclusive resort destination in the Poconos that is owned by the Kiescendahl family and established in 1958, with the spa opening in 2006. The lodge may be one of the newer buildings at the resort but it has already 36

gone through two renovations and a third is already planned for the future. Due to the high demand and changing styles, the guest suites were redesigned in 2015 and the Spa underwent a multimillion dollar renovation in early 2018. The building now encompasses a total of 120,000 square feet with a 40,000 square foot spa. The world renowned craftsman inspired spa was a collaborative design project

completed by the architecture firm, Cooper Carey, and the interior design by Jinnie Kim.

Justification This case study was chosen because of its variety of wellness aspects incorporated throughout the building. The main focus in the building is the spa and recreation aspects with different treatments and relaxation spaces as well as

fitness and studio spaces for yoga and cardio exercise. The typical stay at the lodge is two nights which provides the opportunity to observe a full retreat atmosphere instead of a few hour class or treatment appointment. The care the facility provides through its services and employees allows a comforting and relaxing environment for all users.

Fig. 3

Users The spa is the only adultâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s only facility within the Woodloch resort community, with the minimum age for guest being sixteen. However, the majority of the guests range roughly from 35 to 50 years of age, are caucasian, and fall within the middle to upper class economic range. The spa is a high end destination spot with most of the guests coming from Manhattan, Philadelphia, and Brooklyn to get away from the intense city lifestyle. As a great getaway destination, couples as well as groups of friends travel here for usually a two to three night stay. In addition to the guests, the lodge typically has about four hundred employees to make the facility run smoothly especially during the peak summer months and around the holidays. 37

Site

Concept

Organization

Located in a temperate climate, the front of the building is elongated and faces the south side to provide the most ideal temperatures for the majority of the building. The site also allows for natural ventilation and thermal control with a variety of different deciduous trees surrounding the building. The exterior of the building also emulates its surroundings with the use of natural and local materials such as wood, stone, and Vermont slate. Throughout the building, large floor to ceiling windows also take advantage of natural indirect sunlight as well as the natural views that surround the site. While the building uses its site to its advantage, the high budget and clientele also influences the use of air conditioning and heat to provide the ideal temperature throughout.

According to the special programs building coordinator, Lindsey Bree, the design concept the building was based on is the idea to â&#x20AC;&#x153;Let Nature Nurture.â&#x20AC;? The Lodge creates a holistic experience by connecting the user with nature through the use of organic materials and the integration of the site. Throughout the three levels of the building, the design works to help bring the outdoors in with the use of indoor plants, large windows, and natural light and materials. This atmosphere works as it creates a calming environment and highlights the idea of natural healing by the environment. In addition to the interior, the exterior sits on miles of walking trails, natural cranberry bogs, a beautiful lake, and a farm to table garden which are all unique additions to the site.

The organization of the building is separated primarily to increase privacy for the guests. The building was designed with three levels and three sections with the west wing housing all 57 guest rooms, the middle section is the most public space consisting of the lobby and dining room, and the east wing is dedicated to the spa and treatment areas. The layout of the facility as well as the signage allows for guests to clearly understand the variety of spaces and where they are located.

In addition to the signage, the atmosphere of each space further separates the three sections of the building. The spa area is more relaxed with calming music and scents. The dining room and lobby area are the busiest with guest traffic and a more upbeat environment. The guestrooms are also secluded and quiet which reinforces the

Fig. 4 39

Fig. 5

tranquil atmosphere. The design of the different spaces also indicates the variety of atmospheres. The spa area has small spaces, neutral and calming colors, and lower ceiling while the dining and reception area both have two story ceilings and has an open layout which creates a more hectic environment.

Circulation There is a large amount of circulation space provided for each of the different sections of the building. The main circulation is within the public, central area

which connects all spaces and allows for a natural flow throughout the variety of areas within the building. Large, 9 foot wide, hallways allow for ease and comfort within the space and for multiple people to navigate the space at once without overcrowding. There are also a variety of stairwells from the main staircase between the public levels and private secondary stairwells and elevators to circulate through the space and treatment spaces as well as the guest suites. The separation between the spa and hotel is also key for privacy

within the circulation patterns as guests may be in robes and want to remain in a more secluded area.

Structure Based on the site visit and the drawings provided, the building is made from a steel frame structural system. This is the typical structure of new commercial buildings of this size. This construction system is also ideal of the climate as it is durable and flexible under environmental stressors such as wind and snow which can be typical of this area. This also allows for large spans

Fig. 6

to create more open spaces and high, unobstructed ceilings. The HVAC system throughout also allows for controlled temperatures throughout the year and keeps the building comfortable.

Materials The design is consistent with the overall theme of nature throughout the building. The use of earth tones, natural materials and nature motifs work to bring the idea of nature in and create a calming environment. Natural stone and woods are used within the building alongside

Fig. 7

carpet, wallcovering, and neutral textiles to blend nature and comfort within the space. Carpet is used in many spaces for the comfort and acoustic properties. Most of the walls have wallcoverings to protect the walls, and tile and natural stone are used throughout which are also very durable. Keeping with the style of the project, the materials selected are expensive and not easy to replace at such a large scale. Due to their high quality though, the materials have held up well and have not required removal except for any aesthetic changes the lodge wishes to make.

Lighting When planning the layout of the space, the designers opted for a lot of floor to ceiling windows to allow for the most natural light possible. Sunlight is proven to be a natural healer which is necessary in a wellness facility. There is also artificial light throughout as well as a secondary lighting source depending on the weather, but the main focus is on the natural light and windows. There are also some spaces that benefit from a darker environment which are placed further away from the windows in

Fig. 8

order to have more lighting flexibility. The variety of lighting options as well as access to dimmable and different light settings is helpful to create the appropriate atmosphere.

Colors The colors used in the lodge are all appropriate to the concept of nature. The earth toned and neutral palette creates a calming atmosphere within all the sections of the building. The colors relate back to nature and the materials are easy to clean as well as luxurious and provide a lot of texture and comfort to

the space. As the lodge continues with renovations, they are slowing transitioning away from some of the earth tones and are working to focus on a clean, monotone color scheme to modernize the space. The lodge has already renovated the spa with a more neutral color scheme and is in the process of continuing that throughout the rest of the building.

Post Occupancy Survey Overall, both the staff and guests seem to be satisfied with the quality of the lodge. Whenever

the weather is nice, most people, whether guests or employees, like the take advantage of the beautiful outdoor space. Employees benefit from and enjoy the site and outdoors space just as much as the guests with it being the ideal place to work or lounge outside of their offices. However, besides their desks and offices, the only other indoor space for the employees is the employee lounge in the basement which lacks windows and any connection to the outdoors. The facility is also set up mainly for the use of solo or couple travel 43

Fig. 9

and there are not a lot of spaces indoors for guests to congregate either. For larger groups, the lodge has recently adapted by creating separate social areas which can also be used as meeting rooms for any business or corporate retreats. During the recent renovations, the lodge expanded in square footage, however, the renovations have not included staff areas and have actually taken some square footage 44

from the back of house areas. As the resort continues to grow in popularity, many of the spaces are starting to outgrow their allotted footprint. The building and staff would benefit from added space for the staff areas and storage to create a more comfortable and functioning facility.

expectations of almost all its guests. It is highly ranked among the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s top wellness retreats and the guests continue to come back year after year. The calming environment was experienced as soon as I walked through the front doors. There are speakers throughout the resort which set the atmosphere by playing calming and instrumental Evaluation music as white noise. During my The lodge meets and exceeds the tour of the space I was able to

Fig. 10

observe and note the variety of spaces, speak to the staff, and understand how a wellness resort functions. While the majority of the lodge is excellently designed and thoroughly thought out, the one area that the facility is lacking is in the storage space and staff areas. With limited room it is hard for everything to stay organized especially operating at such a large scale. The staff should be just as comfortable and happy with their space as the guests are in order to be the most productive.

Overall, there are many aspects from the Woodloch that I would like to incorporate into my future design and I benefited from being able to experience the space and understand how to create a calming environment.

Fig. 11 Datum

Fig. 12 Circulation

Fig. 13 Public v. Private

Image Citations

Dock by Little Lake Teedyuskung , personal photograph by Michelle Stice, Accessed August 4th, 2018 Baby Deer in the Woods, personal photograph by Michelle Stice, Accessed August 4th, 2018 Fig. 3 Exterior view of the Lodge, personal photograph by Michelle Stice, Accessed August 4th, 2018 Fig. 4 Woodloch Site and Trail Plan, site map by The Lodge at Woodloch, Accessed August 4th, 2018 Fig. 5 Space Adjacecny Diagram, personal diagram by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 10th, 2018 Fig. 6 Fitness Lounge, personal photograph by Michelle Stice, Accessed August 4th, 2018 Fig. 7 Art and Photography Gallery, personal photograph by Michelle Stice, Accessed August 4th, 2018 Fig. 8 Spa Reception area , personal photograph by Michelle Stice, Accessed August 4th, 2018 Fig. 9 Aquagarden Indoor Pool, personal photograph by Michelle Stice, Accessed August 4th, 2018 Fig. 10 Farm to Table Garden, personal photograph by Michelle Stice, Accessed August 4th, 2018 Fig. 11 Datum diagram, personal diagram by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 10th, 2018 Fig. 12 Circulation Diagram, personal diagram by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 10th, 2018 Fig. 13 Public v. Private Diagram, personal diagram by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 10th, 2018 Fig.1

Fig. 2

Fig.1

3.2 48

Case Studies Part 2

East Falls, Pennsylvania

Fig. 2

Wellbeing Healing Arts Introduction Located just a short walk away from Kelly Drive and the Schuylkill River, is the old East Falls Methodist Episcopal Church. Established in 1872, this church was built in the Greek revival and Italianate architectural styles. Situated at 3580 Indian Queen Lane, the church was used for over a hundred years serving as a religious center. However, the 8,000 square foot building is now being used as a 50

multi-tenant office space. Bought and renovated by Val Nehez in the late 2000â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s, the building now serves sixteen different businesses including Wellbeing Healing Arts and its partner, Water and Bone Wellness.

Justification With a total of about 1,000 square feet of individual wellness spaces, this building is able to provide an array of different practitioners

and their work. This building also provides and an alternative to high end, destination care with a low budget, small business approach. The practices here are more medical based and the doctors focus on alternative and holistic methods. The variation of different medical approaches provide information on the different methods as well as the preferred design requirements of different spaces. More individualist approach. This location provides

an opportunity for people in the surrounding communities to integrate wellness into their everyday lives.

Fig. 3

Users The two doctors involved in Wellbeing Healing Arts are Rachel Oristano and Heather Kilroy. Rachel and Heather both own their own practices, Water and Bone, being Rachelâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s practice that has partnered with Heatherâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Wellbeing Healing Arts. Heather focuses more on psychotherapy and energy healing, while Rachel is more medical in her approach using acupuncture and moxabustion and some of her common treatments. Within their practice, the typical patient ranges from sixteen to sixty years of age, with an approximate 60/40 ratio between women and men respectively. Almost all of the clients are from the Philadelphia area and are mainly white, middle to upper middle class citizens.

Site East Falls is located in the city of Philadelphia, in a temperate climate that experiences all seasons and weather conditions. It is in the middle of the neighborhood and is close to the East Falls train station, making 51

it accessible to a large amount of people. The building is unique as it sits on a hill and the user must walk up a set of stairs to access the main entrances. The side entrance on ground level, which is ADA accessible, leads into the wellness space. One of the reasons for this may be because the building faces the Northwest and in the 1870â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s the rooms partially underground would be cooler than the upper levels exposed to the sun. The exterior of the building uses Wissahickon stone which is local and very prominent in the area. The use of stone also helps to provide a thermal barrier, further regulating the temperature of the space prior to HVAC systems.

a design concept and reasoning based on the original use of the building. However, now that it has been transformed into office spaces, any remanence of a concept has been lost. The layout of the new spaces are based on practicality of how the spaces can be usable for a variety of tenants and any design concepts that might have been considered are secondary.

During the renovation, many of the historic characteristics and materials throughout the space were preserved. This allows for a sense of history as well as a connection to be made between the interior and exterior as well as between the new space and the old church. Each tenant is left to Concept decorate and furnish their own Before the church was converted, spaces, leaving the opportunity it can be assumed that there was for the spaces to appear

unharmonious. Both Rachelâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s and Heatherâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s offices were decorated by Heather which helps establish a connection between the spaces.

Organization The different uses of the building are divided up by floor, with the wellness practices all being located on the ground level and other office spaces on the upper floors. On the wellness floor, there are two main offices that are primarily used by Rachel and Heather, but other wellness tenants also collaborate to use these spaces as well. These offices are in the southeast corner and set up mainly for talk therapy, with each room being around 170 square feet. The offices are appropriate sizes in respect to the use as it is preferred not to have a space too small or too large and make the client uncomfortable. Besides the offices,

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

“You are not defined by your symptoms or your illness.” -Rachel Elizabeth Oristano

Fig. 6

there is also a yoga studio space, reception area which is centrally located on the floor, and a unisex bathroom. The only public space on the wellness floor is the reception area where sound does travel slightly into the offices.

Circulation The circulation within the wellness floor starts on the exterior private entrance to the suite. This provides privacy and convenience to the patients when they are entering and exiting the space. However, if a patient does use the main building entrance there are two sets of stairs for circulation to all levels. Besides the private entrance, there is very little direction within the wellness space. The only wayfinding on the floor is a small chalkboard sign which indicates where the offices are versus the bathroom. The overall space does not have an indication that you are on the wellness level besides the calmer, quieter atmosphere. The offices are also not labeled with room signage which can provide confusion to first time patients.

Structure One of the benefits of a historic building is the structural system. The entire building is made of masonry structure which provides thick walls which help with insulation and acoustics. The building also is not originally built with any HVAC systems, but a system was later installed which sits below the ceiling and is exposed due to the structure of the floor and ceiling space. This causes some problems as the ceiling in the space is already low and the HVAC system interferes with ceiling clearances.

Materials The materials and color selections are selected based on personal style and typical clientele. There are wood floors within the offices with a large area rug to create a warmer and more comfortable feel. The combination of hard and soft surfaces creates texture and layering within the space and makes the space feel less institutional. The addition of wall art, plants, and decorations create a relaxed environment. Most of

Fig. 7

the materials in the space are part of the recent renovation and have held up well so far. The main architectural materials and exterior materials, such as the wood used throughout and the Wissahickon stone, are local and have been maintained for over a hundred years. With the work that is being done in the spaces, the majority of the materials will not be damaged or get dirty easily so they do not require extensive cleaning or replacing.

Lighting

Even though the wellness rooms are on the ground floor, there is still a window in each room to help provide natural light into the space. There could be more natural lighting, but with the mix of natural and artificial light there is a significant amount of options for different light quality. Ambient lighting, floor and table lamps, as well as natural light are all used within the space to create different levels of lighting. Being on the ground floor, it is hard to get the right mix of natural light as well as privacy for the spaces and there are sheers and curtains to help block the window when needed. In the hallway of the ground floor, there are no windows for natural light besides the glass panels in the entry door. The lighting is very minimal and when there are lamps

or ambient light it is subtle and warm which helps create a relaxed atmosphere.

Color There are a variety of colors going on throughout the offices. The main architectural materials are all done in a cool neutral scheme, whereas the furnishings and decorations provide a brighter, more positive energy. The colors within the spaces are mostly complimentary which helps create a balanced energy in the room. Many of the colors also help to brighten the rooms as the lighting in these spaces vary and can be dark. Fig. 8

Post Occupancy Survey Both Rachel and Heather enjoy working in this space. For their practices, the rooms are an appropriate size, the acoustics between spaces are decent, and they both appreciate the collaboration that goes on between the different wellness practitioners on the floor. Rachel also mentioned her desire to have a separate space where the table, which is used for acupuncture, massage, and other treatments, could be set up instead of it being in the same therapy space. For both doctors, they said they would prefer higher ceilings, closer to 10 feet, as well as more storage space and privacy. Both also prefer to have live plants within the spacce as they help to purify the air and create positive energy. The tenants mostly keep to themselves which creates a quiet environment throughout the whole floor to be respectful of any appointments going on.

Evaluation The building is very old and has a lot of the original character on both the interior and exterior which creates a unique space. The building is in a relatively quiet location which creates a more peaceful atmosphere

Fig. 9

inside as well. The historic aspects differentiate the space from other facilities, however, the use and layout of the renovated space can be difficult to navigate for visitors. The lack of signage and visual ques creates a confusing atmosphere where patients do not know where to go or what room you should enter. As a wellness space, I think natural light is crucial to the healing practice and there is a lack of natural lighting on the wellness floor. Overall, the information gathered about the wellness practices and what the doctors prefer is helpful for when I am designing my own wellness center. 57

Fig. 10 Natural Light

Fig. 11 Circulation

Fig. 12 Structure

Image Citations

Map of East Falls, digital image, by Snazzy Maps, Accessed September 19th, 2018 Acupunture mannequin, digital image, Accessed September 19th, 2018, https://physiotherapieuniverselle.com/app/uploads/2017/10/acupuncture.jpg Fig. 3 Exterior view, personal photograph by Michelle Stice, Accessed July 31st, 2018 Fig. 4 Space Organization Diagram, personal diagram by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 19th, 2018 Fig. 5 Rachel’s Office, personal photograph by Michelle Stice, Accessed July 31st, 2018 Fig. 6 Rachel’s Desk, personal photograph by Michelle Stice, Accessed July 31st, 2018 Fig. 7 Herbal storage cabinet, personal photograph by Michelle Stice, Accessed July 31st, 2018 Fig. 8 Heather’s Office , personal photograph by Michelle Stice, Accessed July 31st, 2018 Fig. 9 Indoor Plant, digital image, by Damien Checoury, Accessed September 19th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/tBW1hvLKcaM Fig. 10 Reception Table, personal photograph by Michelle Stice, Accessed July 31st, 2018 Fig. 11 Natural Lighting diagram, personal diagram by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 19th, 2018 Fig. 12 Circulation Diagram, personal diagram by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 19th, 2018 Fig. 13 Structure Diagram, personal diagram by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 19th, 2018 Fig.1

Fig. 2

Fig.1

3.3 60

Case Studies Part 3

Camperdown, Australia

Fig. 2

Youth Mental Health Building Overview The Youth Mental Health Building (YMHB) is part of the Brain and Mind Research Institute (BMRI), of the Faculty of Medicine at The University of Sydney, Australia.1 The Youth Mental Health Building works to integrate both clinical research and patient treatment in a respectful, welcoming environment. â&#x20AC;&#x153;The BMRI is engaged with research into mental health and clinical issues relating to 62

the brain.â&#x20AC;?2 The institute is working to transform the way mental health is viewed and treated. The 4,500 square meter building was designed by BVN architects between May 2007 and June 2010, with an estimated value of 14 million dollars.3

Justification The YMHB is one of the few institutes in the world that focuses

specifically on youth mental health. The youth mental health and technology team puts young people at the center of their own care.4 The research and progress they are making through specialized clinical assessment helps to transform how clinical care is delivered to young people with mental health issues.5 The development in relation to youth mental health provides a new understanding of patients this age and how best to treat

them, medically, emotionally, and environmentally. Rather than rely on broad diagnostic generalizations, the YMHB focuses on the individual needs of each person.6

Fig. 3

Users The groundbreaking BMRI is a new addition to the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Sydney. The institute is focused on research into mental health and clinical issues relating to the brain especially in youth.7 These health services are developing innovative treatments for people aged 12-25 with emerging mental health disorders. 8 “There is a great need to transform the way in which clinical care is delivered to young people with emerging mental health disorders such as anxiety, depression, other mood disorders and psychosis.” 9 After only seeing patients for less than 10 years, the institute has assessed 8000 individuals with early phases of anxiety, mood or psychotic disorders.10

Site The Youth Mental Health Building is located in Camperdown, a city in Sydney NSW, Australia. “The 63

building is part of a satellite campus of the university located in a light industrial area formerly known for clothing trades. This gritty urban area is respected for its heritage streetscapes and the specific site of the YMHB has a heritage listed facade which required retention.â&#x20AC;?11 The design of the space works to integrate itself with the existing buildings on the street and maintain the originality and character of the structure.12 The existing structure is designed in a way where it can engage with other Fig. 4

buildings on the site. The YMHB has an upper level bridge connection to further research laboratories in two adjoining buildings.13

Region Sydney is located in a hot to temperate climate in the Southeast section of Australia. They experience hot and humid summers from December to February and mild winters in June to August. Autumn and spring months are transitional periods between the two main seasons. Humidity in Sydney is high Fig. 5

for two months in summer; otherwise it remains within a comfortable range.14 Snow in Sydney is extremely rare with most snow being on the tops of mountains. A long axis towards east and west is the ideal building layout in Sydney. The humidity relationships also suggest having thermal mass and ventilation arrangement to counteract the summer hot conditions.16 Sydney experiences wind coming from the south and north-east, and free flow of air

Fig. 6

â&#x20AC;&#x153;[This building] had to provide a human scaled and tactile environment for mental health patients on one hand and address an inner-city streetscape...of the industrial character of Camperdown on the other.â&#x20AC;?15 -James Grose, BVN Director

Fig. 7

Mallett Street, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia

Fig. 8

through the interior is necessary during the summer months.17

Organization The YMHB consists of two floors for patient treatment, and two floors of research laboratories above. An upper level bridge connects to further research laboratories in two adjoining buildings.18 The interior spaces include a combination of research laboratories, academic offices, clinical consulting spaces and a social drop-in center, as well as communal areas to create an innovative healthcare facility.19 “This configuration allows the retention of the two-story heritage allowing the street composition to be expressed by the placement of the laboratories in a clearly articulated ‘new’ glass box effectively on top of the old facade, with the more tactile people spaces accommodated within the realm of the older component.”20

Circulation The ground floor spaces are designed to be welcoming and

unintimidating for patients. . Internally the floors are linked by an open stair and small atrium containing the social space of the center. Meeting rooms and all facilities are accessible from this central space.21 The central support spaces allow for the users to share the facilities without impacting research spaces. The interior stair also connects the facility by leading the user through the communal spaces.22 Inside, these functional areas are layered through floor plates with generous interconnecting stairs and hallways, including tall vertical spatial connections, links to street views and social spaces.23

Interior Design “At the street edge the materials reflect the light industrial context – steel, recycled timber and face concrete block. The exterior ‘sliding box’ is clad with translucent glass planks ensuring diffuse daylight to the laboratories throughout the day, resulting in very low energy consumption.”24 The combination

Fig. 9

of natural and artificial lighting helps define space and creates appropriate work conditions. The interior materials relate to the exterior with the use of timber, steel, and concrete, but are used with a more tactile scale to reflect daily human activity.25 The interior spaces are modest and minimal but also bring warmth into the space and makes the visitors feel welcome. The unexpected use of timber throughout adds a natural human touch to the facility.26 The

Fig. 10

simplicity of the architecture and monochromatic color scheme allows for the user to experience the harmonious relationships of spaces and materials throughout without becoming overwhelmed.27 The design and use of materials creates a warm, tactile, and welcoming non-clinical feel for patient comfort.

Evaluation The YMHB is a leading facility in healthcare. There are very few institutes that focus just on youth mental health and this one combines

patient care and clinical research. One essential part to the process is to learn of innovative designs which create functional and comfortable spaces for the user. I enjoy the combination of features from the research and education they do as well as the tactile environment and individual patient care. The layout, materials, and division of public and private spaces are designed to make the patient feel at ease. The Youth Mental Health Building is succeeding in helping youth learn, understand,

Fig. 11

and overcome their struggles with mental health and I hope to create a similar environment in my project. Hopefully one day, campuses around the world will have innovative facilities like this to help students succeed on every level.

â&#x20AC;&#x153;The majority of mental disorders have their onset within the adolescent to young adult period. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a time when the brain is undergoing the most dynamic changes.â&#x20AC;?28 - Dr. Daniel Hermens

Fig. 12 Main v. Connecting Buildings

Fig. 13 Public v. Private

Citations

“BMRI Youth Mental Health Building - BVN”. 2018. BVN. http://www.bvn.com.au/projects/bmri-youth-mental-health-building/. Ibid. 3 Ibid. 4 “BMRI Youth Mental Health Building”. 2018. Architectureau. https://architectureau.com/articles/bmri-youth-mental-health-building/. 5 “Youth Mental Health And Technology”. 2018. The University Of Sydney. https://sydney.edu.au/brain-mind/our-research/youth-mental-health-and-technology.html. 6 Ibid. 7 “Youth Mental Health Building, Brain And Mind Research Institute / BVN Architecture”. 2011. Archdaily. https://www.archdaily.com/154132/youth-mental-health-building-brain-and-mindresearch-institute-bvn-architecture?ad_medium=gallery. 15 8 “Youth Mental Health And Technology”. The University Of Sydney 9 Ibid. 10 Ibid. 11 “Brain And Mind Research Institute (BMRI) - Youth Mental Health Building - Architecture Gallery - Australian Institute Of Architects, The Voice Of Australian Architecture”. 2018. Dynamic. Architecture.Com.Au. https://dynamic.architecture.com.au/gallery/cgi-bin/awardssearch?option=showaward&entryno=2011025878. 12 “BMRI Youth Mental Health Building - BVN”. BVN. 13 Lomholt, Isabelle. 2018. “Brain And Mind Research Institute: The University Of Sydney - E-Architect”. E-Architect. https://www.e-architect.co.uk/sydney/brain-mind-research-institute. 14 Upadhyay, Anir. 2008. “Climatic Design Strategies For Sydney, Adelaide And Perth: A Study Of Building Code Of Australia’S Climate Zone 5”. Researchgate. https://www.researchgate.net/ publication/292967099_Climatic_ Design_Strategies_for_Sydney_Adelaide_and_Perth_A_Study_of_Building_Code_of_Australia’s_Climate_Zone_5. 15 Youth Mental Health Building, Brain And Mind Research Institute”. ArchDaily. 16 Upadhyay. “Climate Design Strategies.” 17 Ibid. 18 “BMRI Youth Mental Health Building - BVN”. BVN. 19 “BMRI Youth Mental Health Building”. Architectureau 20 “Brain And Mind Research Institute (BMRI) – Youth Mental Health Building”. Dynamic.Architecture 21 Lomholt. “Brain And Mind Research Institute” 22 “BMRI Youth Mental Health Building - BVN”. BVN. 23 “Brain And Mind Research Institute (BMRI) – Youth Mental Health Building”. Dynamic.Architecture 24 Lomholt. “Brain And Mind Research Institute” 25 Ibid. 26 Youth Mental Health Building, Brain And Mind Research Institute”. ArchDaily. 27 Ibid. 28 “Youth Mental Health And Technology”. The University Of Sydney 1 2

Image Citations

Map of Sydney, digital image, by Snazzy Maps, Accessed September 24th, 2018 Exterior View digital image, by John Gollings, Accessed September 25th, 2018, https://images.adsttc.com/media/images/5015/07d3/28ba/0d58/2800/12a0/large_jpg/stringio. jpg?1414060509 Fig. 3 Reception Area, digital image, by John Gollings, Accessed September 25th, 2018, https://images.adsttc.com/media/images/5015/07d8/28ba/0d58/2800/12a1/slideshow/stringio. jpg?1414060511 Fig. 4 Sydney Wind Diagram, Figure by Anir Upadhyay, Accessed September 26th, 2018 Fig. 5 Ventilation Diagram, Figure by Anir Upadhyay, Accessed September 26th, 2018 Fig. 6 Street View, digital image, by John Gollings, Accessed September 25th, 2018, https://architectureau.com/articles/brain-and-mind-research-institute/#img=2 Fig. 7 Floor Plan, digital image, by BVN Architects, Accessed September 20th, 2018, https://images.adsttc.com/media/images/5015/07b9/28ba/0d58/2800/129b/slideshow/stringio. jpg?1414060522 Fig. 8 Interior Stairs, digital image, by John Gollings, Accessed September 25th, 2018, http://d2p83z8mja0pcr.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/20130743/S0705003_N3_medium1.jpg Fig. 9 Common Area, digital image, by John Gollings, Accessed September 25th, 2018, https://i.pinimg.com/originals/fc/1e/de/fc1edec4efdf4ecd3bdf08c510cb228c.jpg Fig. 10 Lab Space, digital image, by John Gollings, Accessed September 25th, 2018, https://media4.architecturemedia.net/site_media/media/cache/a5/06/a506757bf600977224435e7b1e5b42dd.jpg Fig. 11 Bridge Connection, digital image, by John Gollings, Accessed September 25th, 2018, https://images.adsttc.com/media/images/5015/07c8/28ba/0d58/2800/129e/slideshow/stringio. jpg?1414060515 Fig. 12 Main v. Connecting Buildings Diagram, personal diagram by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 26th, 2018 Fig. 13 Public v. Private Diagram, personal diagram by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 26th, 2018 Fig.1

Fig. 2

Fig.1

3.4 72

Case Studies Part 4

Columbus, Indiana

Fig. 2

Cummins Livewell Center Overview The Cummins LiveWell Center, located at 806 Jackson Street Columbus Indiana, is a modern approach to health and wellness. This center focuses on a range of services from primary and specialty care to preventive services and lifestyle coaching. The LiveWell Center not only treats illnesses, but also helps prevent and sometimes reverse health 74

conditions by adopting a healthy lifestyle. Construction of the 28,000-square-foot building was complete in 2016.1 Axis Architecture + Interior were tasked with designing a modern structure that would also complement Cumminsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; existing buildings.2

Justification The LiveWell center is a convenient solution to modern healthcare

that also creates a community feel. Understanding the layout of different spaces and seeing how the combination of services and treatments creates an interesting experience. The focus of this facility is an overall health and wellness center that works to treat and prevent illnesses and diseases. The development of the LiveWell center is the beginning of a new healthcare design. Buildings like this focus on all aspects of health

and provide more people with the knowledge and services they may need. The variety of treatments provided in one space make the LiveWell center both a valuable and successful resource for the Cummins employees.

Fig. 3

Users The LiveWell Center is located just blocks north of the company’s global headquarters and near other Cummins offices downtown. The center was designed specifically as a place for employees and their families to receive care. “It will be available to about 9,500 Cummins employees statewide and their dependents — a combined total of about 17,000 people, said Jon Mills, director of external communications.”3 This form of healthcare is something innovative for large companies, as it allows its employees, and families, comfortable and easy access to a variety of healthcare services.

Site The area of Columbus, Indiana, where the LiveWell center is located, is surrounded by 75

Modernist architecture. “In the 1950s, J. Irwin Miller—who was instrumental in the rise of Cummins Inc.—established the Cummins Foundation. The foundation offered to pay the architect fees for public projects... As a result, the city is home to dozens of commissioned designs by Eliel Saarinen, and his son, Eero Saarinen; as well as Richard Meier, I.M. Pei; Kevin Roche; and Skidmore, Owings & Merrill.”4 Roche designed the Cummins Corporate Office Building, back in the 1980s, which is located across the street from the LiveWell Center. This building influenced the design of the LiveWell Center greatly because of the close proximity of the two. The LiveWell Center is twenty-four feet tall which is the same height as the Corporate Office Building. Courtyards and

landscaping are used to connect the indoor and outdoor spaces of the Corporate Office Building.5 As part of a modern city, the LiveWell Center it was key that the architects at Axis created a smooth transition both to the original Cummins building as well as the rest of the surrounding modernist buildings in the city.

Region Columbus, Indiana experiences a relatively temperate climate throughout the year. It is roughly in the median range for precipitation, temperature, and amount of sun compared to the rest of the United States. With a temperate climate, most buildings, including the LiveWell building, are elongated along the east-west axis. This allows for the most amount of southern exposure which helps regulate the solar heat gain. Windows are also significant to help with heat gain as

well as ventilation. Columbus also gets an average of fifteen inches of snow a year. The weather is a significant aspect to consider when designing the building which will require a sloped roof to accomadate the heavy snow fall.6

Organization The LiveWell Center is intended to handle a range of situations, from primary care to urgent care for minor injuries. An area called a medical bullpen, where doctors and nurses work, features five exam rooms and three care suites.7 Geoff, one of Axis’s graduate architects, emphasized the convenience and comfort of the care suites, which have individual bathrooms attached to them. The care suites provide more room for families, and allow a patient to have a one-on-one conversation with his or her physician in a room that is not the exam room.8

Fig. 4

â&#x20AC;&#x153;We want to offer the most comprehensive care we can under a single roof, and incorporate the lifestyle approach to care. It gets to the root cause of chronic conditions.â&#x20AC;? - Dr. Dexter Shurney, Chief Medical Director.

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

The center also has two vision exam rooms and one hearing exam room.

Circulation

An occupational health area includes three exam rooms for people who have been injured while at work. “It is located next to room that can handle small procedures such as making a cast for a broken leg, skin biopsies or removing warts and moles,” Shurney said.9 The LiveWell Center also includes a physical therapy space with treadmills, stationary bikes, ellipticals, weights and a physiologist on staff, to aid occupational health and primary care patients.

A patient’s visit starts with a host greeting them upon arrival, then taking them to a care suite or consultation room and begin entering personal information electronically into a computer tablet. The idea is to avoid waiting rooms, long waits and making patients fill out a lot of forms.11 Privacy was also a large consideration when designing the circulation of the space. The doors of the suites and exam rooms open toward the patient, allowing the patient to see the door opening prior to anyone else entering the room.12

A lifestyle bullpen is where employees will meet lifestyle coaches and receive behavioral health services. Another area of the center features one room for both massage therapy and acupuncture, and two for chiropractic treatment.10 A teaching kitchen and a multipurpose room for Zumba and yoga classes were incorporated into the design.

The design of the building also took into consideration the needs for privacy between other patients as well as the staff. The physician and employee circulation is along the south side of the building, where the break room, conference room, and supply rooms are located. The patient circulation, is on the north side of the building, so they easily can access the multipurpose

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

room, teaching kitchen, health hub, chiropractic care, and acupuncture rooms.13 This layout helps to create functional and easy to follow pathways around the building to create the most comfortable and successful environment for all users.

Interior Design The idea behind the design of the LiveWell center is to avoid the sterility of typical doctor’s offices. The goal of the building is to create a comfortable, inviting place that mimics Columbus’s iconic buildings.14 Employee feedback

Fig. 9

about what they wanted in a medical facility was factored into the design and details. Employees who participated in focus groups said they didn’t want to feel like they were at work.15 High ceilings and bright white walls help the LiveWell Center feel airy and inviting and a variety of artwork adorning the walls gives the impression of an art gallery instead of a medical office. Color is used to help define the facility’s departments. “For example, in the general practice area, the furniture is orange and

there are orange stripes on the doors. Bright, vibrant colors— whether they appear in furniture or accent carpeting—help patients feel energized and inspired.”16 The use of wood walls, complimentary colors, and soft fabrics, provide warmth to the space and creates a hospitality atmosphere. The designers focus on natural light and helped bring it in the space with the use of curtain walls. Skylights also bring sunlight to the bullpens and exam rooms. Natural lighting helps in the healing process and

Fig. 10

increases the users mood. Artificial lighting is also necessary as many of the spaces require a certain amount of light to successfully treat the patients.17 The designers also incorporated some decorative fixtures to make the space feel more luxurious and less institutional and sterile.

Evaluation The design of the building is unique compared to other medical facilities. The use of space and materials makes the center feel more like a community center than a healthcare building. I think the design of the LiveWell center is a milestone for what is hopefully to

come in the future of healthcare design. The idea of a community based health center creates a more comfortable environment for the patients. By combining the medical and lifestyle treatments, the LiveWell center focuses on all aspects of health which is similar to the design I am hoping to achieve in my prospective wellness center.

â&#x20AC;&#x153;The Centerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s soothing colors, vivid artwork, and bright, open spaces provide a comfortable setting for our patients to learn more about lifestyle choices and how they can prevent and even reverse disease,â&#x20AC;? - Dr. Dexter Shurney

Fig. 12 Circulation

Fig. 11 Angled Structure

Fig. 13 Public v. Patient v. Staff

Patient 82

Staff

Public

Citations

Johannesen, Kirk. 2016. “Take A Look Inside The Newest Building In Downtown Columbus”. The Republic. http://www.therepublic.com/2016/06/09/new-take-on-health-care-opening-soon/. Zeit, Kristin D. 2016. “HCD Mag”. Healthcaredesignmagazine.Com. https://www.healthcaredesignmagazine.com/projects/ambulatory-care-clinics/photo-tour-cummins-livewellcenter/#slide-1. 3 Johannesen, Kirk. “Take A Look Inside The Newest Building In Downtown Columbus”. 4 “Designing For Total Wellness: Cummins Livewell Center - Axis Architecture”. 2018. Axis Architecture. http://axisarch.com/2016/07/designing-for-total-wellness-cummins-livewell-center/. 5 Ibid. 6 Johannesen, Kirk. “Take A Look Inside The Newest Building In Downtown Columbus”. 7 Ibid. 8 “Designing For Total Wellness: Cummins Livewell Center - Axis Architecture”. 9 Johannesen, Kirk. “Take A Look Inside The Newest Building In Downtown Columbus”. 10 Ibid. 11 Ibid. 12 Zeit, Kristin D. 2016. “HCD Mag”. 13 “Designing For Total Wellness: Cummins Livewell Center - Axis Architecture”. 14 Ibid. 15 Johannesen, Kirk. “Take A Look Inside The Newest Building In Downtown Columbus”. 16 “Designing For Total Wellness: Cummins Livewell Center - Axis Architecture”. 17 Ibid. 1 2

Image Citations

Map of Columbus, digital image, by Snazzy Maps, Accessed September 30th, 2018 Exterior View, digital image, by Susan Fleck, Accessed September 29th, 2018, http://axisarch.com/project/cummins-livewell-center/?sector=healthcare Fig. 3 Hallway View, digital image, by Susan Fleck, Accessed September 29th, 2018, http://axisarch.com/project/cummins-livewell-center/?sector=healthcare Fig. 4 Courtyard, digital image, by Susan Fleck, Accessed September 29th, 2018, http://axisarch.com/project/cummins-livewell-center/?sector=healthcare Fig. 5 Floor Plan Diagram, diagram by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 30th, 2018 Fig. 6 Yoga Studio, digital image, by Susan Fleck, Accessed September 30th, 2018, http://axisarch.com/project/cummins-livewell-center/?sector=healthcare Fig. 7 Cummins Gym, digital image, by Susan Fleck, Accessed September 30th, 2018,http://axisarch.com/project/cummins-livewell-center/?sector=healthcare Fig. 8 Medical Tables, digital image, by Susan Fleck, Accessed September 30th, 2018, http://axisarch.com/project/cummins-livewell-center/?sector=healthcare Fig. 9 Lobby view, digital image, by Susan Fleck, Accessed September 30th, 2018, http://axisarch.com/project/cummins-livewell-center/?sector=healthcare Fig. 10 Teaching Kitchen, digital image, by Susan Fleck, Accessed September 26th, 2018, http://axisarch.com/project/cummins-livewell-center/?sector=healthcare Fig. 11 Angled Structure Diagram, personal diagram by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 30th, 2018 Fig. 12 Circulation Diagram, personal diagram by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 30th, 2018 Fig. 13 Public v. Private Diagram, personal image, by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 30th, 2018 Fig.1

Fig. 2

Fig.1

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Qualitative and Technical Criteria

Fig. 2

Overview Incomplete or ineffective design can cause an entire project to be unsuccessful. It is imperative that physical needs and human dimensions are taken into account with any project in order to create a comfortable and usable space. The knowledge of key dimensions, sizes, and ergonomics are factors that will determine the success of the project. When designing a space, there are many codes and guidelines to help designers to make informed decisions about appropriate qualitative and technical factors. This section will focus on key technical requirements of a Wellness Center such as ergonomics, lighting, acoustics and security and why they are essential to the design.1 86

Interior Considerations Wellness Center design is a mix of both healthcare and hospitality design and the goal is to blend the two to create a unique environment. The combination of healthcare and hospitality creates the challenge of integrating the different spaces and functions and meeting the codes and requirements in both categories. One main consideration is furniture and finishes. In a wellness center, the client is going to prefer a more comfortable, hospitality driven Fig. 3

chair, but that chair and fabric will need to be durable and cleanable as well. All of the products in the space must comply with the goals relating to budget, safety, durability, flexibility, sustainably, VOC emission, maintenance, and the overall design. Equipment will vary by space, but some of the main equipment that needs to be considered are within the healthcare oriented rooms. Treatments such as acupuncture and chiropractic exams require

rooms that are large enough to have a table with clearances on all sides for the specialist to move around. Other equipment such as nap pods need to be taken into consideration when it comes to the dimensions of the pods as well as the clearances for a person to get in and out. One of the main elements of a wellness center is to create spaces that are comfortable to the user, so in addition to minimum clearances it is good to note how much space people like to have and how small or large of a room is ideal. Fig. 4

Ergonomics Ergonomics, anthropometrics, and proxemics are all critical aspects of wellness design. When designing a space to promote a healthy lifestyle, the spaces and products used cannot cause additional discomfort to the user. Any furniture or objects that are adjustable and flexible should be used to conform to multiple body types. Spaces should be designed in relation to human dimensions so there is no additional strain to the body when trying to complete a task. Proxemics are a main consideration in a wellness center as personal space or physical contact with others can be a stressor for some people. Meaning the less familiar a person is with someone, the further away they will stand. Edward T. Hall developed the idea of proxemics and he concluded that there is a direct correlation between social standings and physical distance

Fig. 5

between people.2 In the United States particularly, most people tend to leave a few feet between themselves and a stranger. There is also the tendency to not sit right next to someone you do not know, which

often requires more seating in an area than anticipated. Personal space varies between individuals which requires flexibility within spaces to give the user more opportunities to remain content.

Fig. 6

Lighting

Fig. 7

The ideal lighting in a wellness space is natural daylighting which helps promote healing and increases peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mood. However, natural daylighting is not always available to be utilized. Spaces that require a certain amount of light to see or complete a task, such as medical or work oriented spaces, will require ambient and task lighting. Any space where lighting is not crucial to the function of the space can rely on daylighting with decorative and ambient lighting as secondary sources. Hallways and egress path will need to be well lit to highlight a clear and direct path to the nearest exit.

Winter Sun

Color control lighting, often cool white light, is needed in medical spaces to make accurate assessments of individuals. In lounge spaces and room suites, warmer lighting is preferred as it provides a calming and cozy atmosphere. Any quiet or meditation spaces will benefit from low lighting. Within all the spaces of a wellness center, dimmable and adjustable lighting is the most successful as each individual prefers and responds to lighting temperature differently.

Summer Sun

Sustainable Design In wellness centers, it is necessary to focus on the indoor air quality and thermal comfort of a building. The more natural and organic materials and methods used, the better the quality and safety of the building in relation to its users. Indoor air quality goals are closely connected to patient safety. VOC emissions can have a very detrimental impact on patient and staff health. Also having controlled air and temperature systems is needed to maintain a

comfortable space all year round. If a space is too hot or cold it can be uncomfortable to the user, could cause physical symptoms such as headaches or body pains, and can have a negative impact on certain treatments. A wellness center should also implement WELL building standards and look into WELL certification. â&#x20AC;&#x153;[WELL] explores how design, operations and behaviors within the places where we live, work,

learn and play can be optimized to advance human health and well-being.â&#x20AC;?3 The WELL standard focuses on seven aspects of design including, air, water, nourishment, light, fitness, comfort, and mind. All seven categories play a part in how a building can either improve or decrease the userâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s health and well-being. As a wellness center, all aspects of WELL should be considered and implemented wherever possible to create a better overall environment.

Fig. 8

Acoustic Control Acoustics and controlling noise levels is necessary for a variety of reasons in a wellness center. Privacy is a major factors when it comes to any medical facility as patient information is classified and should only be shared with the intended recipient. Other spaces such as

Fig. 9

meditation and yoga rooms require acoustic control as outside noises are distracting and can be stressful when doing these activities. Also, anyone trying to rest and rejuvenate, often from headaches, migraines, and stress, usually prefer to have a quiet space they can go to and not be interrupted by noise. One way to combat noise levels are architecturally with insulated walls that go up to the deck of the ceiling to prevent any noise transfer between rooms. Acoustical materials should also be used in spaces where noise is an issue to help absorb sound. When space planning, it is necessary to consider different adjacencies to help prevent noise transfer between quiet and loud spaces. Another solution is white noise machines because they can cover any

excess sound while also providing background noise. Calming instrumental music or nature sounds are often used to create a relaxed environment and white noise is also flexible and can be changed based on the desired mood.

Visual Control

Fig. 10

Visual control is essential to this type of wellness facility. The target audience is college student who may or may not be suffering from mild mental illnesses. Anyone in the facility receiving medical treatments or occupying a suite would first be evaluated to make sure they do not need more intense and secure care. Although the users of the space are not seen as a threat to themselves or others, it is still necessary to provide a certain amount of visual control to maintain the safety of everyone.

Wayfinding and Signage Messages presented on signage systems minimize visitorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; natural confusion when arriving and navigating a new or unfamiliar facility. Signs can have words, symbols, numbers, or a combination of all three to provide a clear message. Symbols communicate verbal messages, enhance the words on signage and resonate visually even with those who do not speak the native language.5 In addition to words and symbols, all signs should have a braille translation for anyone visually impaired. The requirements for signage include space lettering no less than 1/8â&#x20AC;? between the 2 closest points of adjacent characters and the height of the sign should be a minimum of 48 inches high and a maximum of 60 inches high.6

The primary entrances and public spaces will be controlled by a check in point and likely to have staff throughout who have visual access to most of the spaces. The design of the space should also prevent dark and hidden corners or hallways to prevent any accidents and call buttons will be placed in private rooms where there is no visual control.4 Safety is the primary focus of the space, but users Signs should be simple, readable should not feel like their every move is and at appropriate heights to be being watched. effective. Wayfinding and signage in a wellness facility should include

Fig. 11

Fig. 12

Fig. 13

Fig. 14

a map of the different spaces accessible to the public and which floors they are on. Each room should also have a sign with a room number and description or symbol to indicate the function. A directory should also be utilized at stairwells and elevator banks to further direct the user.

Security Security is necessary for the safety of everyone in the facility. It is essential that all people feel comfortable and safe within the space. Security

Fig. 15

measures that will be implemented are controlled check in stations at all public entrances, ID card access to the building, and one security guard on duty at all times in case of an emergency. Also any visitors need to be signed in and accompanied by a student at the check in desk. Security cameras will also be placed at all entrances and in the main public spaces. Private rooms will be locked at all times and only accessible through key card access. Private rooms will also have call or panic buttons in case the user needs assistance.

Universal Design and Code The wellness center will provide equal access for all individuals seeking help. It is necessary that all users have easy access to all spaces and treatments available. The ideal atmosphere of the facility is to have no judgements or restraints whether you are suffering from a physical or mental disability or no disability at all. A wellness center should be a comfortable and welcoming space for everyone and code and guidelines will be followed to ensure easy and functional accessibility.

Citations

“Interior Design Master Planning For Healthcare Facilities | HCD Magazine”. 2009. HCD Magazine. https://www.healthcaredesignmagazine.com/architecture/ interior-design-master-planning-healthcare-facilities/. 2 “Personal Distance – Zones”. 2016. Study-Body-Language. http://www.study-body-language.com/Personal-distance.html#sthash.UpEIDInc.dpbs. 3 “Explore The Standard”. 2017. International WELL Building Institute. https://www.wellcertified.com/en/explore-standard. 4 Mion, Eric G. 2017. “Fitness Centers | WBDG Whole Building Design Guide”. Whole Building Design Guide. https://www.wbdg.org/building-types/community-services/fitness-centers. 5 “Wayfinding And ADA Signage”. 2012. Creative Sign Designs. http://www.fefpa.org/pdf/Winter2012/Wayfinding%20&%20ADA%20Signage%20Creative%20 Sign%20Designs.pdf. 6 Ibid. 1

Image Citations

Architectural Blueprints, digital image, by Bialas Printing, Accessed October 10th, 2018, http://www.bialasprinting.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/rolledblueprints.jpg Fig. 2 Typical Human Measurements, digital image, by Research Gate, Accessed October 10th, 2018, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ashish_Singla4/publication/283532449/figure/fig1/AS:315590863540224@1452254133566/Dimensions-of-average-male-human-being-23.png Fig. 3 Medical Table Diagram, digital image, by CDN, Accessed October 10th, 2018, https://cdn3.volusion.com/t5h6r.4srq5/v/vspfiles/photos/GJ-880754-5. jpg?1404908301 Fig. 4 Nap Pod Diagram, digital image, by MetroNaps, Accessed October 10th, 2018, https://static.businessinsider.com/image/4c1a62307f8b9ad01a370100-1200/ image.jpg Fig. 5 Proxemics, digital image, by ASAI Karate, Accessed October 10th, 2018, http://asaikarate.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/proxemics-diagram-2.jpg Fig. 6 Human Dimensions in Space, digital image, by Ernest Irving Freese, Accessed October 10th, 2018, https://i.pinimg.com/originals/e5/46/3b/e5463b7d0b55bd96aa7fb0c8bfaf1733.png Fig. 7 Natural Lighting Diagram, digital image, Accessed October 10th, 2018, https://images.adsttc.com/media/images/5567/b956/e58e/cebd/7a00/00bb/large_ jpg/29_bioclimatic_scheme.jpg?1432860996 Fig. 8 Sustainable Building Diagram, digital image, by ARCASIA, Accessed October 10th, 2018, http://www.asiagreenbuildings.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/ bioclimatic.jpg Fig. 9 Acoustic Diagrams, digital image, by Construction Specifier, Accessed October 10th, 2018, https://www.constructionspecifier.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/ Sound-insulation_US.jpg Fig. 10 Sound Transmission Diagram, digital image, by Scottish Government, Accessed October 10th, 2018, https://www.gov.scot/resource/buildingstandards/2013Non Domestic/images/5.0.5.jpg Fig. 11 Braille Signage, digital image, by Just Braille Signs, Accessed October 10th, 2018, https://www.justbraillesigns.com/v/vspfiles/assets/images/ada%20three.gif Fig. 12 Signage Depth, digital image, by Nova Polymers, Accessed October 10th, 2018, https://www.novapolymers.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Screen-shot2012-06-06-at-12.01.35-PM.png Fig. 13 Signage Height, digital image, by ASI, Accessed October 10th, 2018, https://www.asisignagelatimergroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/ADA-sign-mounting-height.png Fig. 14 ADA Clearances, digital image, by ArchDaily, Accessed October 10th, 2018, https://images.adsttc.com/media/images/5930/c237/e58e/ced5/4700/00f7/ newsletter/clear_floor_space.jpg?1496367669 Fig. 15 Accessible Route Diagram, digital image, by ADA National Network, Accessed October 10th, 2018, https://adata.org/sites/adata.org/files/images/f1_tif.png Fig.1

Fig.1

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Topical Explorations

Fig. 2

Introduction The ideal design for a wellness center is to construct a space that promotes healing and relaxation. Designers can benefit from research on human centered design, light, color, and peer interaction to create the right environment. Knowledge of these topics results in a greater understanding of human behavior which improves the overall atmosphere of the space.

Fig. 3

Human Centered Design The architecture and interior design is one of the most influential factors in a space when it comes to human behavior and mood. “Buildings and urban spaces should be designed first and foremost around their occupants,” says Dr. Sergio Altomonte, architect and associate professor at the Nottingham University. “The importance of architecture as a trigger to physical, physiological and psychological

wellbeing is nowadays becoming a a space is, the more the students topic of significant relevance.”1 will be inclined to visit and invest in their health and wellbeing. The Users atmosphere of the wellness center Designing a space for college has to be flexible to accommodate students, where the user is between the needs of a variety of people, the ages of 17-22, there are many physically, mentally, and emotionally. different aspects to consider. This space has to combine social Environment interaction and privacy, comfort and A person’s environment greatly therapy, and healing with relaxation. impacts their outlook and quality The more comfortable and relaxing of life. Places that engage all the 99

senses contribute to a healthy life. Research has proven daylight, natural ventilation, wildlife, art, gardens, and vegetation are correlated with more effective learning, working, enjoyment of life, and wellbeing.2 The effects of this research can be seen in St. Olavâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s University Hospital in Trondheim Norway. At this hospital, the use of courtyard buildings help open the hospital campus to the city which ultimately provides more daylight and ventilation into the space.3

Holistic Approach The most successful design model is a holistic approach to promote healing by simultaneously addressing a patientâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s physical, psychological, emotional, spiritual, and social wellbeing.4 Consistent with this model is the development

100

of a more inviting, home like environment, with softer furnishing, warmer colors, and barrier free design that maintain the personâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s dignity. Evidence based research has shown it is instrumental in a holistic community to promoting wellness and enhance the safety and nurturing of patients, in order to have a successful facility.5

Aesthetics The general appearance of a health care facility must not be coldly formal, aloof, and inaccessible. Even the most wonderful bedside manner of physicians and nurses will be of little value if the environment does not reinforce them. On the other hand, a too casual look might stimulate skepticism as to the level of professional services offered. A facility must retain a dignified and

respectful appearance, yet be attractive as well.6

Stress Reduction Providing environments that help ease stress should be a primary concern when developing health care institutions. Many people experience strong emotions related to fear and anxiety when they are visit a health care environment. Stress reduces the efficiency of the immune system which is why the design of a health care setting must create a therapeutic atmosphere and should be sustainable.7 The use of nature and plants within a space, whether provided by views, art, or aesthetics, are emphasized in health care spaces as it is proven they help reduce stress and anxiety.

Fig. 6

“I’ve always seen architecture as a healing art, not just as beautification art.” -James Polshek

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Fig. 5

Light and Color Overview When designing a space, lighting and color can drastically influence the mood. A well-designed space can have a positive impact on the atmosphere. Design can effect human emotions and creates different sensations within a space. Designers are responsible for the external stimuli that control what people experience. A space 102

can make people anxious, relaxed, or excited based on the colors and lighting used. It is necessary, as designers, to understand how influential spaces can be and consciously make decisions that will have a positive effect on the user. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Decisions about visual design in our environment should be based on an understanding of aspects of architectural psychology, especially color psychology.â&#x20AC;?8

Light Colors are sensations which result from light of different wavelengths reaching the eye. Sunlight, containing all the colors of the spectrum, is a nutrient. Its absence causes illnesses and its presence is essential to the well-being of the human body.9 Lighting must be chosen with respect to function, psychological reinforcement, visual appeal, color

rendition, and biological concerns.10

Fig. 6

The sun and daylighting are the most beneficial lighting a space can provide. Dating back to ancient times, many religions and people worshiped the sun. Sunbathing and daily access to sunlight was seen as a necessary practice to stay healthy. Even back in primitive times, people observed and understood that the sun was a life source, it sustains all life and without it, there would be death.11 Since the sun has such an influential role in life and health, it is necessary that healthcare facilities have an abundance of natural light. Lighting can be an influential factor of oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s perceptions of the spaces within the health care environment. Light affects human health and performance by enabling us to perform visual tasks, helping to regulate our circadian rhythms, influencing our perceptions and mood, and regulating neurochemicals and hormones.12 The overall goal is to increase the amount of natural daylight throughout the facility because â&#x20AC;&#x153;natural daylight has been found to be superior for tasking involving fine color discrimination, and increased

103

satisfaction among health care workers.”13 The change in the direction of the sun is also good to note as sunlight is brightest form the south, weakest from the north, most invigorating from the east, and most intense from the west.14 However, natural lighting is not always available year round, so health care facilities should use artificial lighting that emulates natural light throughout the facility. Lamps that emit a balanced spectrum are critical for visual diagnosis and slightly warmer lighting helps to enhance complexions the most.15

Color Colors can affect our brainwaves, emotions, and biological systems. “Colored surfaces and colored light have the ability to increase and decrease heart rate, blood

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pressure, respiratory rate, and body temperature, and can be used to treat cancer, depression, and bacterial infections.”16 Designer should know and understand color psychology as certain colors can cause fatigue when the user is exposed to them for extended periods of time. Other colors can induce excitement, anxiety, or sadness depending on how they are used. However, the influence of colors is also different for each person and emotional responses to color cannot be limited to any one particular hue. “Color’s effect on mood is ever changing as perceptions of our environment change.”17 Color plays a psychological and aesthetic role in design. It can promote the healing process, assist the psychological wellbeing of the

patient, be an aid in accurate visual diagnosis, and can be therapeutic. Color can also be used to draw attention to necessary information, can define specific areas, and work as a wayfinding tool.18 For healthcare facilities, it is necessary that the light and color do not give off an institutional feel. Especially for any type of mental facility, it is necessary to strive to create a comforting, home-like environment.19 The combination of all of the elements in a space, including colors, light, furnishing, and accessories, communicate an overall impression to the viewer. The impression a space leaves on a user creates a lasting emotional impact. It must be the designer’s goal to avoid choices that will trigger negative emotional reactions.20

Fig. 7

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Fig. 8

Peer Support Overview Humans are social creatures that desire companionship. Everyone needs support throughout their life, so it makes sense that peer support is one of the best ways to cope with life’s struggles. In general, peer support has been defined by the fact that people who have like experiences can better relate and can consequently 106

offer more authentic empathy and validation.21

comforted by the fact that they are not alone.

“It is about understanding another’s situation empathically through the shared experience of emotional and psychological pain. When people identify with others who they feel are “like” them, they feel a connection.”22 People are often more open with those who they connect with and they are

Connection When people are willing to express themselves and seek out assistance and advice, their situation is transformed. People who are going through any type of stress, anxiety, depression, or other setbacks often isolate themselves or feel isolated.23

Connections through peer groups help people to branch out and begin to make friends and establish a sense of community.24 Many people report that the most powerful form of connection is helping others who are also living with mental illness. Whether it is just listening to others or telling their individual experience, people form a bond of what it is like to live with a mental illness and how they are overcoming the stigma.25

Fig. 9

Positive Culture Peer groups also create a positive culture for healing and open conversation. It is necessary that the environment is characterized by tolerance, listening, empathy, compassion, respect, safety, trust, diversity, and cultural competence.26 “Peer support can offer a culture of health and ability as opposed to a culture of “illness” and disability.”27 The primary goal of a group is to help and comfort one another while also validating individuals for coping and overcoming challenges they have faced. Existing studies of mutual support groups suggest that they may improve symptoms, promote larger social networks, and enhance quality of life.28 107

Fig. 10

Empowering A large benefit of peer groups is that people are able to relate to one another and they do not feel as judged because they are all going through something together. By building empowering relationships between members through trust, responsibility, and compassion, members are able to have a sense of empowerment over their situation.29 Maintaining non-professional and non-clinical atmospheres are fundamental in peer groups to build a sense of community.30 By recognizing individual strengths and forming empathic relationships, peer support environments help people to identify personal worth and social power.

108

Citations

Gander, Kashmira. 2016. “Terrible Architecture Is Making You Depressed”. The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/design/how-architecture-uses-space-light-and-material-to-affect-your-mood-american-institute-architects-a6985986.html. 2 Johnson Coffin, Christie, and Jenny Young. 2017. Making Places For People. Florence: Taylor and Francis. 3 Ibid. 4 Kopec, David Alan. 2012. Environmental Psychology For Design. 2nd ed. Fairchild Books. 5 Ibid. 6 Deasy, C.M., and Thomas E Lasswell. 1990. Designing Places For People. 1st ed. New York: Whitney Library of Design. 7 Kopec., Environmental Psychology For Design. 8 Color An Architectural Digest Book. 1980. 1st ed. London: Marshall Editions Limited. 9 Ibid. 10 Deasy, C.M., and Thomas E Lasswell. 1990. Designing Places For People. 1st ed. New York: Whitney Library of Design. 11 Reed, Ron. 2010. Color + Design. New York: Fairchild Books. 12 Mahnke, Frank H. 1996. Color, Environment, & Human Response. 1st ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 13 Ibid. 14 Ibid. 15 Deasy, C.M. and Thomas E Lasswell. Designing Places For People. 16 Reed, Ron. Color + Design. 17 Ibid. 18 Deasy, C.M. and Thomas E Lasswell. Designing Places For People. 19 Ibid. 20 Color An Architectural Digest Book. 21 Mead, Shery, and Cheryl MacNeil Ph.D. 2004. “Peer Support: What Makes It Unique?”. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.584.6618&rep=rep1&type=pdf. 22 Mead, S., Hilton, D., & Curtis, L. (2001). Peer support: A theoretical perspective. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 25(2) 23 Jacobson, Nora, and Dianne Greenley. 2001. “What Is Recovery? A Conceptual Model And Explication”. Psychiatric Services 52 (4): 482-485. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.52.4.482. 24 Mead, Hilton, & Curtis. Peer Support 25 Jacobson, Greenley. “What is Recovery?” 26 Ibid. 27 Mead, Hilton, & Curtis. Peer Support 28 Davidson, L. , Chinman, M. , Kloos, B. , Weingarten, R. , Stayner, D. and Tebes, J. K. (1999), Peer Support Among Individuals With Severe Mental Illness: A Review of the Evidence. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 29 Mead, Hilton, & Curtis. Peer Support 30 Mead, McNeil. “Peer Support.” 1

Image Citations

Living Space, digital image, Accessed October 17th, 2018, http://d35rwihxucpe2x.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/13082732/Screen-Shot-2018-05-13-at-11.27.02AM.png Fig. 2 Interior work space, Accessed October 17th, 2018, https://fsmedia.imgix.net/d1/81/88/96/d5d6/455a/9e2c/bb440301e98d/the-assemblage---11jpg.jpeg?rect=132%2C0%2C213 6%2C1601&auto=format%2Ccompress&w=1200 Fig. 3 Renaissance Architecture, digital image, by Adam Grabek, Accessed October 17th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/cJ3Dk6uOQ1E Fig. 4 Interior Medical Garden, digital image, Accessed October 17th, 2018, https://nwdoregon.com/wp-content/uploads/SCVMC2-e1527285298518.jpg Fig. 5 Interior space with lighting, digital image, by Alexander Kovacs, Accessed October 22nd, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/TivEEYzzhik Fig. 6 Neon Color Sign, digital image, by Lauren Fleishmann, Accessed October 22nd, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/akfxOADwNhk Fig. 7 Color Psychology, digital image, Accessed October 22nd, 2018, http://www.ignytebrands.com/wp-content/uploads/the-psychology-of-color-in-branding-ignyte.png Fig. 8 Peers Against the Wall, digital image, Accessed October 24th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/v1VB91uuyaE Fig. 9 Friends on the Beach, digital image, by Valerie Khalil, Accessed October 24th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/RGy3nscHQOA Fig. 10 Peer Gathering, digital image, by Gades Photography, Accessed October 24th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/fIHozNWfcvs Fig.1

109

Fig.1

6.0 110

Existing Site, Context, Climate & Zoning 111

Fig. 2

Philadelphia Pennsylvania Overview

Rittenhouse Square. This centralized location provides easy access to a One of the defining characteristics of variety of amenities within the city a building is where it is located. The including public transportation, local site of a building determines whether universities, stores, and restaurants. or not the project will be successful. The climate, neighborhood, and Climate demographics are all contributing factors that need to be considered. Philadelphia is located in a 1430 Walnut Street is located in temperate climate and experiences the heart of Philadelphia, a few a range of weather conditions from blocks away from City Hall and wind, rain, snow, humidity, etc. The 112

advancements in technology has greatly impacts the Philadelphian skyline and building design. Contrasting with some of the historic buildings in the area, modern buildings like 1430 Walnut Street, are able to utilize advanced technology and sustainable methods to defy some of the climatic constraints. Most of the historic building in the city are made of local masonry and other local materials, whereas 1430

Walnut consists of mainly steel and glass. The historic buildings in the area are also built to handle the temperate climate of the area, many with sloped roofs to deal with the rain and snow in the area. One of the benefits of new technology is 1430 Walnut has a flat roof which is accessible for people to enjoy a roof top garden and amenity space when the weather is nice.

Fig. 3

City The city of Philadelphia is known for its historical influence on the United States. Philadelphia was the nation’s first capital, is where the Declaration of Independence was signed, and is known as the city of Brotherly Love. The large amount of history that the city has experience continues to impact the daily life and atmosphere today. “Philadelphia is Pennsylvania’s largest city, the second-largest city on the US’s East Coast and the 5th most populous city in the US.”1 The median household income is about $40,000 and the majority of citizens are white or black with the race percentages being 45% and 44% respectively.2 Females also make up about 53% of the population and 30% of the population is between the ages of 25- 44.3 The city

113

continues to become more popular and continues to develop and revive old neighborhoods, parks, and buildings to attract the upcoming generations.

Neighborhood 1430 Market Street is located in the Rittenhouse Square neighborhood. Rittenhouse Square is one of William Penn’s original five districts for his plan of Philadelphia. Penn designed the city to have a southwest square, now known as Rittenhouse Square, a southeast square, known as Washington Square, a northwest square, known as Logan Circle, a northeast square, known as Franklin Square, and finally center square which is now known as City Hall.4 “Along the Rittenhouse sidewalks — many of which boast seating for alfresco dining and drinking in the

114

warm months — residents and visitors find high-end stores; locally owned boutiques; small galleries; theaters and entertainment; cafes; beer, wine and cocktail bars; and restaurants of all kinds. With all this, the neighborhood buzzes with activity all year long.”5 Rittenhouse Square is one of the most sought after locations in the city for its prime location and access to a variety of amenities. The neighborhood consists of a variety of historic buildings, with the majority designed and built in the Federal and Classical styles. The area is well known for the one-square block park named Rittenhouse square, which is one of the most popular parks in the city. The access to museums, art, and history are all main draws to this neighborhood which continues to

grow and develop into one of the city’s main attractions.

Street Walnut Street in Rittenhouse Square is often referred to as the Philadelphia shopping district. The street is lined with retail stores, boutiques, and restaurants on the street level. The upper levels of the buildings are often commercial or residential spaces. 1430 Walnut Street is one of the shortest building on the block, being only three stories high. Along this street the buildings all vary in size, shape, and style as buildings continue to be built, added to, or restored. There are some historic buildings that date back to when the city was founded as well as buildings that are as recent as 2015, like 1430 Walnut. The structures of the

Fig. 4

115

Fig. 5

buildings also range from three story spaces to thirty story buildings. Even though there is a variety of building styles, the street feel cohesive as the atmosphere is what brings everyone together. Since the area is popular among pedestrians, there is a sense of community as well as openness as people can walk in and out of the retail spaces.

well as many of the surrounding buildings are all zoned as Center City Core Commercial Mixed-Use Buildings. A few blocks over, closer to Rittenhouse Square, the zoning status of some buildings start to change from Center City Core Buildings to Community Commercial Mixed-Use, Residential (Center City) Mixed-Use, Residential Multi-Family and Neighborhood Site Zoning Commercial Mixed-Use Buildings.7 The zoning shows the diversity of The site is currently zoned as a building types and uses in the area Center City Core Commercial Mixed- and the change from the center Use Building.6 With its proximity to city core to the surrounding areas. center city, 1430 Walnut Street, as 116

Site Analysis One of the largest benefits of the site is the ease of transportation and the pedestrian heavy environment. While there are still cars throughout center city, the majority of people opt for public transportation as it is the easiest way to get around considering many of the streets are tight and only allow for one way traffic. Throughout the city there are sidewalks on both sides of every street, as well as crosswalks at every traffic stop. Since the prospective project is designed for college students, the location is ideal with

Center City Core Commercial Mixed-Use Active Parks and Open Space Residential Multi-Family Community Commercial Mixed-Use

Residential (Center City) Mixed-Use Neighborhood Commercial Mixed-Use

the amount of public transportation available including bus, metro, and PATCO stops nearby which prevents any need for access to a car or parking in center city. The area is highly populated, but with the limitations the roads provide for cars, most people either are walking or taking transportation which is primarily underground. Due to these conditions, the noise level at the site is relatively moderate for being in center city. This location is also accessible to many parks and green spaces nearby. Even though

there is not a lot of nature, except for the tree lined streets, around the site, Rittenhouse Square is only a few blocks away and is one of the nicest parks in Philadelphia. The street is also well maintained as it is in a prime location and is considered one of the safest neighborhoods in the city. Behind the building there is a small street, Chancellor Street, which does not see as much traffic and could be unsafe at night if someone was traveling alone.

a prime neighborhood in the city with a large range of amenities as well as a variety of transportation options. The historic significance to the street and the easy access to Rittenhouse Square provide an enticement, in addition to the prospective facility, for students to visit.

Overall, the site is an ideal spot for young college students. It is in 117

Fig. 6

118

Citations

“Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Population 2018”. 2018. Worldpopulationreview.Com. Accessed November 5. http://worldpopulationreview.com/us-cities/philadelphiapopulation/. 2 “U.S. Census Bureau Quickfacts: Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania”. 2018. Census Bureau Quickfacts. https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/philadelphiacountypennsylvania/SEX255217#viewtop. 3 Ibid. 4 “William Penn’S Philadelphia Plan | The Cultural Landscape Foundation”. 2018. Tclf.Org. https://tclf.org/landscapes/william-penn-philadelphia-plan. 5 “Explore The Rittenhouse Square Neighborhood Of Philadelphia”. 2018. Visit Philadelphia. https://www.visitphilly.com/areas/philadelphia-neighborhoods/rittenhousesquare/. 6 “Atlas | Phila.Gov”. 2018. Phila.Gov. https://atlas.phila.gov/#/1729%20SPRUCE%20ST/zoning. 7 Ibid. 1

Image Citations

Philadelphia Skyline, digital image, Accessed November 5th, 2018, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/content/dam/travel/Guide-Pages/north-america/philadelphia-travel. adapt.1900.1.jpg Fig. 2 Old City Street, digital image, Accessed November 5th, 2018, https://c1.staticflickr.com/3/2438/3963401257_0826a61946_b.jpg Fig. 3 Aerial View of Rittenhouse Square, digital image, Accessed November 5th, 2018, https://i.redd.it/m8cybjeyhs001.jpg Fig. 4 Walnut Street at Rittenhouse, digital image, Accessed November 5th, 2018, https://assets.visitphilly.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Rittenhouse-Square-Spring-M-Edlow-VP2200x1237.jpg Fig. 5 Philadelphia Zoning Map, digital image, Accessed November 5th, 2018, https://atlas.phila.gov/#/1729%20SPRUCE%20ST/zoning Fig. 6 Site Analysis, digital diagram, by Michelle Stice, Accessed November 1st, 2018, Fig.1

119

Fig.1

7.0 120

Program Development & Documentation 121

Fig. 2

Overview A methodical program development determines the success of a building. While some buildings share the same typology, the variations in the program are what makes each building unique. The building program evaluates both quantitative and qualitative objectives of the design in order to fully understand each space. By analyzing the necessary rooms and adjacencies in a building, the designer is able to plan aspects such as privacy, acoustics, and circulation accordingly.

122

Fig. 3

Adjacency Matrix

123

Quantitative Program Privacy Adjacency (Acoustical or Visual)

Room S.F.: 23,665 s.f. Circulation (35% Factor): 8,283 s.f. Total Program: 31,948 s.f.

Lighting

Furniture/ Equipment

Acoustic Criteria (A,B,C)

Ambient

Security Cameras

A,B

Ambient , Accent Ambient , Accent Ambient , Accent Ambient , Accent Ambient , Task

Reception Desk, Computer Counter, Bar Stools, Tables Lounge seating, Bookshelves Stackable Chairs, Projector, Podium Tables, Chairs, Slop Sink

A, B, C

Inviting

A, B

Lively

A,B,C

Comforting

Lounge Space on each floor

A, B, C

A, B

Lively

Ambient

A, B, C

Relaxing

Ambient

Display Cases

A, B

1,200 s.f.

A, V

A,B,C

Calming

750 s.f.

2,250 s.f.

A,V

600 s.f.

A, V

12. Counseling Rooms

150 s.f.

900 s.f.

13, 14, 15

A,V

13. Massage Therapy

150 s.f.

300 s.f.

12, 14, 15

A, V

S.F. Each

Total S.F.

200 s.f.

Room Name

Qty

1. Vestibule

2. Lobby

1,200 s.f. 1,200 s.f. 1, 3, 4, 5

3. CafĂŠ

1,800 s.f. 1,800 s.f.

1, 2, 4

4. Lounge

1,500 s.f. 4,500 s.f.

5. Multi-Purpose Space

900 s.f.

A, V

6. Art Studio

550 s.f.

7. Relaxation Pool

800 s.f.

8. Organic Store

500 s.f.

9. Meditation Studio

300 s.f.

10. Yoga Studio

11. Nap Pods

Remarks

Ambient / Speakers, Mats Dimmable Ambient / Speakers, Mats, Dimmable Yoga Equipment Ambient / Nap Pods Dimmable Ambient/ Soft Seating, Table, Task Desk Ambient / Massage Table, Dimmable Counter Space

A,B,C

Calming

A, B, C

Quiet

A, B

Inviting

A, B, C

Table, Storage Space

A, B, C

Table, Storage Space

A, B, C

14. Chiropractic Room

150 s.f.

12, 13,15

A, V

Ambient / Dimmable

15. Acupuncture Room

150 s.f.

12, 13,14

A, V

Ambient / Dimmable

124

Perception

14 and 15 can be use interchangable 14 and 15 can be use interchangable

Room Name

Qty

S.F. Each

Total S.F.

Privacy Adjacency (Acoustical or Visual)

Lighting

Furniture/ Equipment

Ambient

Lockers, Showers, Benches, Toilet Rooms

Ambient , Accent Ambient , Task

Bed, Dresser, TV, Ensuite Desks, Chairs, Computers, Files Washer and Dryer

Acoustic Criteria (A,B,C)

Perception

Remarks

A, B

Men and Women have Separate Rooms

A, B

Relaxing

A, B

Desk, Monitor

A, B

16. Locker Rooms

800 s.f.

1,600 s.f.

7, 9, 10

17. Inpatient Suites

200 s.f.

2,800 s.f.

4, 18

A, V

18. Employee Offices

140 s.f.

560 s.f.

A, V

19. Laundry Room

100 s.f.

Ambient

20. Roof Top Garden

500 s.f.

Accent

21. Central Records

100 s.f.

Ambient

22. Security Office

140 s.f.

1, 2

A, V

Ambient , Task

23. Janitor's Closet

75 s.f.

75 s.f

Ambient

Sink

24. Employee Lounge

250 s.f.

A, V

Ambient , Accent

Soft Seating, Pantry, Tables

A, B

25. Storage

100 s.f.

400 s.f.

Ambient

26. Coat Room

75 s.f.

150 s.f.

1, 2, 18

Ambient

Coat Racks

27. Toilet Rooms

140 s.f.

840 s.f.

Ambient

Toilets, Sinks, Hand Dryers

28. Mechanical Room

150 s.f.

Ambient

Table, Chairs, Planters Filing Cabinets, Copy Machine

Storage Throughout Separate for Visitor and Employees Men's and Women's on each floor -

125

Qualitative Program Room Name

Proxemics (1,2,3,4)

Colors

Power, mech, HVAC, data/voice, telecomm &/or plumbâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;g needs

Thermal Comfort

Environmental Trends, Ergonomics Wayfinding Permanence, Qualities

HVAC & Air Circulation

Protection from Outdoor Elements, Walk-off Mat

Neutral Colors

2. Lobby

2, 3, 4

Calming Colors

Plants, Indoor Air Filtration System

3. CafĂŠ

2, 3, 4

Bright Accents

Plants, Indoor Air Filtration System

2, 3, 4

Bright Accents

2, 3, 4

Neutral Colors

1. Vestibule

4. Lounge

5. Multi-Purpose Space

6. Art Studio

2, 3

7. Relaxation Pool

3, 4

8. Organic Store

2, 3, 4

Neutral Colors

Future

Remarks

&/or Growth -

Entry Signage with Logo

HVAC & Air Power & Data Circulation, Equipment, Security Cameras, Telecomm Shading Devices

Natural Daylighting, Interior Plants

Utilize Ergonomical Entry Signage with Logo Furniture and Univeral Design

Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation, Shading Devices

Natural Daylighting, Interior Plants

Utilize General Room Ergonomical Signage, ADA Furniture and Compliant Univeral Design

Note any Potential Allergens

Plants, Indoor Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation, Shading Devices

Natural Daylighting, Interior Plants

Utilize Room Layout General Room Ergonomical can be Signage, ADA Furniture and Adjusted as Compliant Univeral Design Needed

Air Filtration System

Telecomm, Power & Data Equipment, Projector

HVAC & Air Circulation

Utilize General Room Flexible Space Ergonomical Natural Daylighting Signage, ADA for a Variety of Furniture and Events Compliant Univeral Design

Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation, Operable Windows

Utilize Room Layout General Room Ergonomical can be Natural Daylighting Signage, ADA Furniture and Adjusted as Compliant Univeral Design Needed

HVAC & Air Circulation, Ventilation System

Air Filtration Bright Colors System

Neutral Colors

126

Indoor Air Quality

Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment, Humidity Resistance, Air Filtration

Plants, Indoor Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment

Natural Daylighting, Interior Plants

Incorporate a Variety of Seating Options

General Room Signage, ADA Compliant

Safety Precautions must be met

HVAC & Air ADA Accessible General Room Circulation, Clean Air Filtration and Univeral Signage, ADA Shading Devices Design Compliant

Note any Potential Allergens

Indoor Air Quality

Power, mech, HVAC, data/voice, telecomm &/or plumbâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;g needs

Thermal Comfort

2, 3

Calming Colors

Plants, Indoor Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation

Natural Daylighting, Interior Plants

10. Yoga Studio

2, 3

Calming Colors

Plants, Indoor Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation

Natural Daylighting, Interior Plants

11. Nap Pods

2, 3

Calming Colors

Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation

General Room Clean Air Filtration ADA Accessible Signage, ADA Compliant

2, 3

Calming Colors

Plants, Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation

Utilize Room Layout General Room Ergonomical can be Natural Daylighting Signage, ADA Furniture and Adjusted as Compliant Univeral Design Needed

13. Massage Therapy

1, 2

Calming Colors

Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation

Utilize Room Layout General Room Ergonomical can be Natural Daylighting Signage, ADA Furniture and Adjusted as Compliant Univeral Design Needed

14. Chiropractic Room

1, 2

Calming Colors

Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation

Natural Daylighting

Utilize Room Layout General Room Ergonomical can be Signage, ADA Furniture and Adjusted as Compliant Univeral Design Needed

1, 2

Calming Colors

Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation

ADA Accessible General Room Natural Daylighting and Univeral Signage, ADA Design Compliant

Room Layout can be Adjusted as Needed

2, 3

Bright Accents

Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment, Plumbing Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation, Ventilation System

Utilize Clean Air Filtration, General Room Ergonomical Water Efficient Signage, ADA Furniture and Plumbing Compliant Univeral Design

Proxemics (1,2,3,4)

Colors

9. Meditation Studio

Room Name

12. Counseling Rooms

15. Acupuncture Room

16. Locker Rooms

Future

Environmental Trends, Ergonomics Wayfinding Permanence, Qualities

Remarks

&/or Growth Room Layout can be Adjusted as Needed Room Layout General Room can be ADA Accessible Signage, ADA Adjusted as Compliant Needed

General Room ADA Accessible Signage, ADA Compliant

127

Room Name

17. Inpatient Suites

18. Employee Offices

19. Laundry Room

Proxemics (1,2,3,4)

Colors

1, 2

Calming Colors

Indoor Air Quality

Power, mech, HVAC, data/voice, telecomm &/or plumbâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;g needs

Air Filtration Systems, Operable Windows

HVAC & Air Power & Data Circulation, Equipment, Plumbing Shading Devices Equipment

Future

Thermal Comfort

General Room Signage, ADA Compliant

General Room Clean Air Filtration ADA Accessible Signage, ADA Compliant

Utilize General Room Ergonomical Signage, ADA Furniture and Compliant Univeral Design

Safety Precautions must be met

General Room Signage, ADA Compliant

Secure Room

Utilize General Room Ergonomical Natural Daylighting Signage, ADA Furniture and Compliant Univeral Design

Secure Room

Air Filtration System

Telecomm, Power & Data Equipment

Neutral Colors

Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment, Air Filtration, Plumbing Equipment

2, 3, 4

Bright Colors

21. Central Records

2, 3

Neutral Colors

Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation

Neutral Colors

Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment, Security Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation

Utilize General Room Ergonomical Signage, ADA Furniture and Compliant Univeral Design

Bright Accents

20. Roof Top Garden

128

Natural Daylighting, Interior Plants

HVAC & Air Circulation

Remarks

&/or Growth

HVAC & Air Circulation, Natural Daylighting Shading Devices

Outdoor Power & Data Equipment

22. Security Office

Environmental Trends, Ergonomics Wayfinding Permanence, Qualities

Height Adjustable Desks and Ergonomical Furniture

Indoor Air Quality

Power, mech, HVAC, data/voice, telecomm &/or plumbâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;g needs

Thermal Comfort

Neutral Colors

Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment, Plumbing Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation, Ventilation System

Water Efficient Plumbing

24. Employee Lounge

2, 3

Bright Accents

Plants, Air Filtration System

Telecomm, Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation, Shading Devices

Natural Daylighting, Interior Plants

25. Storage

Neutral Colors

Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation

26. Coat Room

1, 2

Neutral Colors

Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation

27. Toilet Rooms

Neutral Colors

Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment, Plumbing Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation, Ventilation System

28. Mechanical Room

Neutral Colors

Air Filtration System

Power & Data Equipment

HVAC & Air Circulation

Room Name

23. Janitor's Closet

Proxemics (1,2,3,4)

Colors

Future

Environmental Trends, Ergonomics Wayfinding Permanence, Qualities

Remarks

&/or Growth General Room Signage, ADA Compliant

Utilize General Room Ergonomical Signage, ADA Furniture and Compliant Univeral Design

General Room Signage, ADA Compliant

Dual Flush Toilets, General Room Water Efficient ADA Accessible Signage, ADA Plumbing Compliant

General Room Signage, ADA Compliant

129

Block Planning & Test Fits

ATRIUM/ STAIRS

Fig. 4 - Test Fit First Floor

ATRIUM/ STAIRS

130

Fig. 5 - Test Fit Second Floor

ATRIUM/ STAIRS

Fig. 6 - Test Fit Third Floor

Image Citations

Drafting Supplies, digital image, by Jeff Sheldon, Accessed November 12th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/8z2Q6XWLYa4 Mug and Pencil, digital image, by Bench Accounting, Accessed November 12th, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/xxeAftHHq6E Fig. 3 Adjacency Matrix, digital diagram, by Michelle Stice, Accessed November 12th, 2018 Fig. 4 First Floor Test Fit, digital diagram, by Michelle Stice, Accessed November 12th, 2018, Fig. 5 Second Floor Test Fit, digital diagram, by Michelle Stice, Accessed November 12th, 2018, Fig. 6 Third Floor Test Fit, digital diagram, by Michelle Stice, Accessed November 12th, 2018, Fig.1

Fig. 2

131

Fig.1

8.0 132

Building Analysis, Code, Regulations & Standards 133

Fig. 2

1430 Walnut Street , Philadelphia, PA 19012 Overview The main role of a designer is to promote the health, safety, and general welfare of the users in a space. Building codes and regulations are enforced on both a national and local level to make sure all safety protocols are met. Building codes have 134

been the primary source for guidance in the design and construction of building structures for many decades. People rely on designers, architects, engineers, and contractors to ensure their safety and protect them from any disaster a building might face.

Existing Building Analysis Located at 1430 Walnut Street in Philadelphia, the new and modern 60,000 sq. ft. building was designed by Bohlin Cywinski Jackson Architects in 2012 and the construction was compete in 2015. The building consists of four floors including a basement

and additional rooftop space is available. The modern style of the building strongly contrasts with the historic buildings of Philadelphia. The exterior of the building consists of ultra-clear glass facades. Each of the three 20-foot tall stories is constructed of fullheight structurally glazed panels, the nation’s first truss-stiffened unitized glass curtainwall.1 The structure of the building consists of 18’-0”+ ceilings with columns throughout spaced approximately 30’-0” apart.

Fig. 3

In addition to the building’s modern design, it is also forward thinking in sustainable practices. “Further technological innovation includes a rooftop active with innovative storm water management design elements. A green portion of the roof is vegetated to absorb rainwater and return it to the atmosphere via transpiration. The remainder is a blue roof, calibrated by slopes and drain controls to retain rainwater and slow its release, helping to avoid a surge in the city’s aged storm system. This combined green and blue roof technology [is] a first for the city.”2 135

Existing Building: Floor Plans Fig. 4 9'-0 1/4"

10'-0"

a 10'-0"

a 9'-0 1/4"

A 8'-0"

8'-0"

1 A303 37'-10"

A.5

38'-9"

A.5

51'-0"

A202 1

33'-0"

A202 2

37'-10"

80'-0"

39'-4" 1 A302

A202

B 8"

24'-0"

39'-4" 38'-4" 29'-0"

1 A301

39'-4"

C 5'-0"

5'-0"

39'-2"

3 A304

5'-0"

12'-0"

A201

1 A304

2 A304

12'-0"

30'-0"

27'-6"

8'-10 3/4"

1'-0"

186'-4 3/4"

1.5

6.7

First Floor Plan

Fig. 5

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

1 A101

SCALE: 1/8" = 1'-0"

PL 9'-0 1/4"

10'-0"

9'-0 1/4"

10'-0"

A 1 A303

8'-0"

A.5

A202 1

80'-0"

33'-0"

A202 2

1 A302 3

A202

61'-4"

24'-0"

1 A301

C 5'-0"

5'-0"

3 A304

5'-0"

12'-0"

30'-0"

1 A304

30'-0"

186'-4 3/4"

136

2 A201

2 A304

12'-0"

1.5

1 A201

27'-6"

1'-0"

8'-10 3/4"

6.7

Second Floor Plan 1 A102

SECOND FLOOR PLAN SCALE: 1/8" = 1'-0"

Fig. 6

A203 1

5'-1"

10'-0"

9'-0 1/4"

10'-0"

9'-0 1/4"

A 1 A303

8'-0"

A.5

A202 1

80'-0"

33'-0"

80'-0"

33'-0"

A202 2

1 A302 3

A202

24'-0"

1 A301

UP 5'-0"

5'-0"

3 A304 5'-0"

12'-0"

A201

1 A304

2 A304

12'-0"

30'-0"

27'-6"

8'-10 3/4"

1'-0"

PL 1

1.5

6.7

Third Floor Plan

186'-4 3/4"

1 A103

THIRD FLOOR PLAN SCALE: 1/8" = 1'-0"

Fig. 7

A203

J S

a H

10'-0"

9'-0 1/4"

5'-0 1/4"

PL 10'-0"

11 3/4" 8"

1 A303

TCF SHAFT

8'-0"

A 8'-0"

A SL

30'-0" +/-

A.5

VIF

40'-0"

A.5 T

3,a

A202 1

A203

A202

33'-0"

103'-0"

2'-6"

A202 2

4,d

30'-0"

3,a

2'-0"

80'-0"

1 A302

80'-0"

4'-0"

24'-0"

40'-0"

1 A301

2'-4"

H S

C 5'-0"

5'-0"

3 A304 5'-0"

12'-0"

2 A201

2 A304

12'-0"

1.5

1 A201

30'-0"

1 A304

30'-0"

5 186'-4 3/4"

27'-6"

8'-10 3/4"

6.7

1'-0"

Roof Plan 1 A104

ROOF PLAN

SCALE: 1/8" = 1'-0"

137

Fig. 8 a

B 1 A302

C 1 A301

5'-0"

PARAPET LEVEL 107'-0" ROOF SLAB 102'-0"

18'-0"

ROOF SLAB 102'-0"

A.5 1 A303

Existing Building:

PARAPET LEVEL 107'-0"

Section Drawings

THIRD FLOOR 84'-0"

22'-8"

THIRD FLOOR 84'-0"

SECOND FLOOR 61'-4"

RETURN

22'-0"

RETURN

FIRST FLOOR 39'-4"

19'-0"

FIRST FLOOR 39'-4"

BASEMENT 20'-4"

KING SOUTH

Fig. 9

A.5 1 A303

B 1 A302

3 A304

1 A301

SCALE: 1/8" = 1'-0"

A.5 1 A303

B 1 A302

Fig. 10

1 A301

12'-6"

PENTHOUSE ROOF LEVEL 119'-6"

SECTION THROUGH DINING BALCONY & SECOND FLOOR TENANT ENTRY LOBBY, LOOKING SOUTH

PARAPET LEVEL 107'-0" 5'-0"

PARAPET LEVEL 107'-0"

ROOF SLAB 102'-0"

18'-0"

ROOF SLAB 102'-0"

18'-0"

ROOF SLAB 102'-0"

THIRD FLOOR 84'-0"

22'-8"

THIRD FLOOR 84'-0"

22'-8"

THIRD FLOOR 84'-0"

SECOND FLOOR 61'-4"

22'-0"

SECOND FLOOR 61'-4"

1'-0"

23'-0"

SECOND FLOOR 61'-4"

FIRST FLOOR 39'-4" STAIR 3 LANDING 38'-4"

STAIR 3 LANDING 38'-4"

18'-0"

17'-6"

BASEMENT 20'-4"

OOKING SOUTH

138

BASEMENT 20'-4"

1 A304

SECTION - E-W, LOOKING SOUTH SCALE: 1/8" = 1'-0"

FIRST FLOOR 39'-4" STAIR 3 LANDING 38'-4"

FIRST FLOOR SOUTH 37'-10"

2 A304

SECTION - E-W, LOOKING SOUTH SCALE: 1/8" = 1'-0"

1 A304

1.5

6.7

PENTHOUSE ROOF LEVEL 119'-6" 2 A304

Fig. 11

17'-6"

3 A304

PARAPET LEVEL 107'-0"

18'-0"

ROOF SLAB 102'-0"

22'-8"

THIRD FLOOR 84'-0"

22'-0"

SECOND FLOOR 61'-4"

FIRST FLOOR 39'-4"

19'-0"

FIRST FLOOR SOUTH 37'-10"

BASEMENT 20'-4"

SECTION - N-S, LOOKING EAST

1 A302

1 A304

6.7

Fig. 12

2 A304

12'-6"

PENTHOUSE ROOF LEVEL 119'-6"

PARAPET LEVEL 107'-0" ROOF SLAB 102'-0"

10'-0"

THIRD FLOOR 84'-0"

22'-0"

SECOND FLOOR 61'-4"

WALNUT ENTRANCE LEVEL 39'-11" FIRST FLOOR 39'-4"

38'-7"

WITH TYP

LOADING DOCK LEVEL 38'-9"

18'-5"

3 A304

10'-0"

1.5

12'-0"

SCALE: 1/8" = 1'-0"

BASEMENT 20'-4"

1 A303

SECTION - N-S, LOOKING EAST SCALE: 1/8" = 1'-0"

139

Structural Analysis Diagram Fig. 13

Fig. 14

Daylight Analysis Diagram Fig. 15

140

Fig. 16

Solid Vs. Void Diagram Fig. 17

Fig. 18

Solid Void

Egress Analysis Diagram Fig. 19

Fig. 20

141

Building Codes, Regulation, and Standards Project Data

Maximum Occupancy Loads

Project Name: Student Wellness Center Address: 1430 Walnut Street, Philadelphia PA 19012 Number of Stories: 4 stories including basement Total Gross Square footage: +/- 60,000 sq ft

Accessory Storage Areas, Mechanical Equipment Rooms: Gross Sq. Ft.: 550 sq. ft. Sf/Occupant: 300 Gross Number of Occupants: 1.83

Applicable Building Code Information Zoning Ordinance: CMX-5 Center City Core Commercial Mixed Use Building Fire Code: 2009 International Fire Code Building Code & Date: 2018 International Building Code Energy Code: 2018 International Energy Conservation Code

Use Group Classification Mixed Use (B, A-1, R-1)

Means of Egress Protected/Sprinklered Dead end limit: 20’-0” to 50’-0” Minimum Corridor Width: 44” Number of Exits: 3 Exit Travel Distance: 250 feet

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Assembly A-3 Gross Sq. Ft.: 8,600 sq. ft. Sf/Occupant: 15 net Number of Occupants: 573.33 Business Area: Gross Sq. Ft.: 6,915 sq. ft. Sf/Occupant: 100 Gross Number of Occupants: 69.15 Exercise Rooms Gross Sq. Ft.: 3,450 Sf/Occupant: 50 Gross Number of Occupants: 69 Residential Gross Sq. Ft: 2,800 sq. ft. Sf/Occupants: 200 Gross Number of Occupants: 14

Sanitation Swimming pools Pool Gross Sq. Ft.: 400 sq. ft. Sf/Occupant: 50 Gross Number of Occupants: 8 Deck Gross Sq. Ft.: 400 sq. ft. Sf/Occupant: 15 gross Number of Occupants: 26.67

Fire Protection Requirements

Business: 140 occupants

W/C Male: 2 W/C Female: 4 Urinals Male: 2 Lavatories Male: 2 Lavatories Female: 2 Drinking Fountains: 2 Service Sinks: 1 Total Occupants: 761.98

Assembly: 608 occupants

Fire Exit Enclosures: 2 Hours Shafts and Elevator Hoist ways: 2 Hours Tenant Space Separations: 2 Hours Smoke Barriers: Assume 30 Minutes Corridor Fire-Resistance Rating (with Sprinklers): Assemble and Business Spaces: 0 minutes Residential Spaces: 30 minutes Incidental Use Areas: Storage Rooms over 100 sq. ft.: 1 hour or provide automatic fire-extinguishing system Waste and Linen collection rooms over 100 sq. ft.: 1 hour or provide automatic fire-extinguishing system

Building Limitations

None

W/C Male: 3 W/C Female: 10 Urinals Male: 2 Lavatories Male: 4 Lavatories Female: 4

Drinking Fountains: 1 Service Sinks: 1

Residential: 14 occupants

W/C Male: 1 per sleeping unit W/C Female: 1 per sleeping unit Urinals Male: 0 Lavatories Male: 1 per sleeping unit Lavatories Female: 1 per sleeping unit Drinking Fountains: 0 Service Sinks: 1

143

Fig. 21

Fig. 22

Fig. 23

Fig. 24

144

Citations

Bcj.com. (2018). BCJ | 15th and Walnut Street Building. [online] Available at: https://bcj.com/projects/15th-and-walnut-street-building [Accessed 19 Nov. 2018]. 2 Ibid. 1

Image Citations

View from the Roof top, digital image, Accessed November 19th, 2018, https://d23jhgw4cciqh2.cloudfront.net/resized/venue/walnutst/28b5.1920x1080.jpg Fig. 2 Exterior Rendering, digital image, Accessed November 19th, 2018,http://www.ocfrealty.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/15th%20 and%20walnut%20new%20render.png Fig. 3 Exploded Axon Drawing, digital image, Accessed November 19th, 2018, https://bcj.com/projects/15th-and-walnut-street-building Fig. 4 First Floor Plan, digital drawing, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 5 Second Floor Plan, digital drawing, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 6 Third Floor Plan, digital drawing, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 7 Roof Plan, digital drawing, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 8 Section view E-W 1, digital drawing, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 9 Section view E-W 2, digital drawing, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 10 Section view E-W 3, digital drawing, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 11 Section view N-S 1, digital drawing, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 12 Section view N-S 2, digital drawing, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 13 Structure Plan View, digital diagram, by Michelle Stice, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 14 Structure Section View, digital diagram, by Michelle Stice, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 15 Daylight Plan View, digital diagram, by Michelle Stice, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 16 Daylight Section View, digital diagram, by Michelle Stice, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 17 Solid Void Plan View, digital diagram, by Michelle Stice, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 18 Solid Void Section View, digital diagram, by Michelle Stice, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 19 Egress Plan View, digital diagram, by Michelle Stice, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 20 Egress Section View, digital diagram, by Michelle Stice, Accessed November 19th, 2018 Fig. 21 Exterior Elevation, digital image, Accessed November 19th, 2018, https://venues.tripleseat.com/venues/philadelphia/wework-walnut-street Fig. 22 Exterior Perspective, digital image, Accessed November 19th, 2018, https://venues.tripleseat.com/venues/philadelphia/wework-walnutstreet Fig. 23 Existing 1st Floor Space, digital image, by Michelle Stice, Accessed September 19th, 2018 Fig. 24 Interior View, digital image, Accessed November 19th, 2018, https://media.phillyvoice.com/media/images/01-111416_WeWork_Carroll. CR2.2e16d0ba.fill-735x490.jpg Fig.1

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9.0 146

Project Research Summary & Conclusion 147

Conclusion Summary

Research

Stress from university is increasing in students all over the world, which enforces the need to provide a space they are able to focus on their wellness. Students continue to lack the time it takes for them to maintain their physical and mental health. Providing the option to get professional help, or just to take an afternoon to relax, will give students the accessibility they need while away at college.

The research that was conducted over the last few months has provided valuable insight into what path the prospective project should follow. From visiting case studies to in person interviews, the information gathered has shown the necessity for everyday wellness. By experiencing these case studies first hand, one is able to understand the program of a wellness center and assess what works and does not

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work in the space. Throughout this process, the need and significance of a student wellness center has made itself even more prevalent. After conducting the research, the concept to narrow down the user group and focus on a selective group of needs has allowed the project to become even more essential. Understanding the demographics of college students and what types of resources they need will allow this project to have a greater impact on studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; health and wellness.

Relevancy The information and research that was conducted has proven to be both relevant and reliable. The research and case studies have verified the significance of wellness for students. The information gathered has been helpful in assisting with both programmatic and environmental needs. When designing the prospective project, the designer will rely on the research and information that was obtained when making decisions.

â&#x20AC;&#x153;To keep the body in good health is a dutyâ&#x20AC;Ś Otherwise we shall not be able to keep our mind strong and clear.â&#x20AC;? -Buddha

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Bibliography & Appendix

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Appendix

Cover Image, digital image, by Bench Accounting, Accessed December 2nd, 2018, https://unsplash.com/ photos/nvzvOPQW0gc Dedication Image, digital image, by Annie Spratt, Accessed December 2nd, 2018, https://unsplash.com/ photos/zu-OdjJRa0w Table of Contents Image, digital image, by H. Nik, Accessed December 3rd, 2018, https://unsplash.com/photos/z1d-LP8sjuI Section 9 Images in order: Stacked rocks, digital image, by Aperture Vintage, Accessed December 2nd, 2018, https://unsplash. com/photos/70zb7HHhspc Cafe scene, digital image, by Sabri Tuzcu, Accessed December 2nd, 2018, https://unsplash.com/pho tos/w8HTBRcsmNo Candles, digital image, by Sharon McCutcheon, Accessed December 2nd, 2018, https://unsplash. com/photos/HMh33olHauI Section 10 Images in order: Coffee and Planner, digital image, by Anete Lūsiņa, Accessed December 2nd, 2018, https://unsplash. com/photos/VwiLLyETLcQ Student Working, digital image, by Green Chameleon, Accessed December 2nd, 2018, https://un splash.com/photos/s9CC2SKySJM

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