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People who care for others live longer: Study According to a new study conducted by researchers from the University of Basel, “Older people who help and support others live longer than usual”. The survival analysis involved over 500 people aged between 70 and 103 and their Ageing Study data was collected between 1990 and 2009. The finding concluded that old people who help grandchildren or others in social network on average live longer as care giving had positive effects on their mortality. The study findings were published in the Journal of Evolution and Human Behavior.
Tumor cells move differently compared to normal cells: Study A team of researchers at Drexel University of Philadelphia have found that certain tumor cells cannot move in the same way as normal healthy connective tissue cells, which could affect the way cancer is treated and spread. The study involved understanding the mechanisms that drive normal and pathological cell movements in three- dimensional environments similar to the one found in our tissues. The study can play an essential role in designing rational therapeutic strategies in future. The study was published in the Journal of Cell Biology.
Fungal infection helps understand some allergies: Research says Researchers from Centre of Plant Biotechnology and Genomics, Technical University of Madrid have found a strongly allergenic protein ‘Alt a 1’ from spores of an endophytic fungi Alternaria alternate before germination. The molecule is known to cause several infections and respiratory conditions, most severe being asthma. Plants on infection with ‘Alt a 1’ express pathogenesis related proteins along with free radicals as defense response. This mechanism can provide valuable information on common respiratory disorders caused by this fungi. The article was published in Scientific Reports from the Nature group.
Addictive cravings still spotted after death FosB, a transcription factor in reward centre of the brain along with other molecules play a significant role in signal transduction to deliver genetic information between the cells and also determines whether certain genes are activated or not. Due to the constant supply of addictive drugs, FosB changes into Delta FosB which is highly stable and persists in brain for several weeks even after withdrawal of the drug. This addictive craving gets stored in a form of ‘memory’ function and, astonishingly, can still be spotted 9 days after death. The research was led by Monika Seltenhammer of MedUni Vienna's Department of Forensic Medicine and published in the "Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy".
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Vitamin D boosts gut microflora, prevents Researchers from Sichuan University, China have discovered that metabolic syndrome metabolic syndrome which poses risk for diabetes and heart disease is not caused by high fat diet alone, but requires Vitamin D deficiency in additional. Vitamin D deficiency reduces the production of defensins, which are anti-microbial molecules required to maintain healthy gut flora. So, keeping vitamin D levels high either through sun exposure, diet or supplementation helps prevent and treat metabolic syndrome. The research was published in the journal Frontiers of Physiology.
A survival mechanism in cancer cells unfolded Scientists from the Crick Institute have discovered a protein that plays a vital role in turning cancer tumor cells into cancer stem cells. The protein H1.0 binds to DNA and silences the expression of its genes it and if deficient in cancer cell lines provides them with immortal potential. This survival mechanism in cancer cells allows the disease to occur again even after aggressive treatment as tumor cells become cancer stem. The discovery could help medical intervention in cancer stem cells aimed at the restoration of high levels of H1.0 in all cancer cells. The research has been published in Science.
Depression in either parent raise risk of preterm birth The depression in women due to lack of social support or difficult relationship during pregnancy is already known to be linked with low birth weight and increased risk of premature birth. However, according to a new research, paternal depression is also found to affect the health of the mother or the unborn child. Paternal depression is also known to affect sperm quality, have epigenetic effects on the DNA of the baby, and can also hamper placenta function. So, a proactive approach towards targeting the wellbeing of expectant fathers may be beneficial and may reduce the risk of preterm birth. The study was published in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology.
Breastfeeding prevents alarming disparities in health outcome of baby A new study showed that black infants had over twice the deaths of whites due to lack of optimal breastfeeding. Black infants also had more than three times the rate of necrotizing enterocolitis, a devastating disease of preterm infants, attributable to suboptimal rates of feeding with their mother's own milk. “These disparities rates reflect barriers to breastfeeding like lack of paid leave and outdated maternity care, that disproportionately affects families of color," said Dr. Stuebe from University of North Carolina Health Care System. The study was published in the Journal of Pediatrics.
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Ionising radiation damages DNA and causes cancer: Study Researchers from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute have now identified two signature patterns of DNA damage in human cancers caused by ionising radiation. . One mutational signature is a deletion and the other is a balanced inversion which don't happen naturally in the body but caused by high-energy radiation which provides enough DNA breaks at the same time to make this possible. The research involved studying the genomes of cancers caused by radiation in comparison to tumours that arose spontaneously and comparing the DNA sequences. The research was published in Nature Communications.
Zika virus causes fetal brain damage: Discovery Yale scientists have discovered that infection by the Zika virus diverts a vital protein TBK1 which plays prime role in neural cell division in the developing human fetus, thereby causing the birth defect microcephaly in which babies are born with abnormally small brains. Lack of the protein affects normal cell division in the brain and leads to cell death thus causing microcephaly. The data suggests this mechanism may also contribute to microcephaly associated with other common congenital viral infections. The research was published in the journal Cell Reports.
Artificial intelligence predicts breast cancer risk faster Researchers from Houston Methodist have developed artificial intelligence (AI) software that reliably interprets mammograms & helps doctors with a quick and accurate prediction of breast cancer risk. The software reviews millions of records in very less time and helps translate patient charts into diagnostic information at 30 times human speed and with 99 percent accuracy. It also has the potential to lessen unnecessary biopsies performed nationwide due to false positive mammograms as it helps physicians better determine the percent risk requiring a biopsy. The study was published in Cancer.
Cancer Treatment with Diabetes and Hypertension drugs Researchers from University of Basel have found that a mix of a diabetes medication and an antihypertensive drug can effectively fight cancer cells. They also reported that specific cancer cells respond to this combination of drugs. Metformin, a highly prescribed drug for Type 2 Diabetes displays anticancer properties while the antihypertensive drug syrosingopine potentiates the anti-cancer efficacy of metformin. Noticingly, this drug combination drives cancer cells towards apoptosis. The results of the study have now been published in Science Advances.
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Teen girls with weight, body image misperception linked to alcohol abuse High school girls aged 14-18 having body image behavioral misperceptions( BIBM) are more likely to have had at least one drink in their life, and more likely to have involved in heavy drinking than girls of the same age without body image misperceptions, a new study has found. Researchers identified whether having a BIBM-trying to lose, gain or maintain weight where there is no need to do so based on self judgement status is linked to increased use of alcohol or episodic heavy drinking as negative thinking leads to negative behaviors. The study was published in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs.
How Chinese medicine treats cancer cells Researchers at University at Adelaide have found that a complex mix of plant compounds derived from ancient clinical practice in China, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Compound kushen injection (CKI) is approved for use in China to treat various cancer tumours, usually as an adjunct to western chemotherapy -- but how it works has not been known. Researchers showed that the patterns of gene expression triggered by CKI affect the same pathways as western chemotherapy but by acting on different genes in the same pathways. This study was published in the journal Oncotarget.
New research challenges cell cycle control law When it is believed that the cyclin-dependent kinase complex is the only regulator of the eukaryotic cell cycle, scientists have found evidence that a metabolic oscillator acts as the 'conductor' of cell division. One sign towards this discovery was the fact that cells can divide, even when parts of the cyclin-dependent kinase complex are removed. The study involved budding yeast cells cultivated in microfluidic channels which enables monitoring of single cells for days under the microscope. By using fluorescence techniques, the researchers measured the concentration of two markers of metabolism: the electron carrier NADH and the energy carrier ATP. These molecules showed clear oscillatory patterns, rhythms that usually beat in synchrony with the cell cycle. Their results were published online in the journal Molecular Cell.
Oxygen exposure wakes up dormant bacteria for antibiotic attack According to a new research, antibiotics can only kill bacteria when they are actively growing and dividing. But at times, environmental stress factors turn on a bacterial mechanism that creates a toxin that makes the cell dormant and hence antibiotic resistant. The study involved looking at compounds that attack bacteria's ability to go dormant wherein researchers found the first oxygen-sensitive toxin antitoxin system in a biofilm. So, understanding the toxin antitoxin systems at a molecular or atomic level can help make better antimicrobials. The study was published in Nature Communications.
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Cancer cells escape immune reaction by playing hideand-seek The researchers at LUMC discovered that when immune system attacks cancer, the tumor modifies its DNA and makes immune system difficult to recognize it. This is how the tumor tries to escape the immune reaction. However, the immune system can learn to recognise new DNA modifications. By treating cancer patients with a different form of immunotherapy, it should be possible to switch off the modified tumor cells as well, the researchers conclude. Immunotherapy is a cancer treatment whereby the patient's own immune system is activated to trace and destroy cancer cells. Researchers at LUMC published on this subject in Nature.
New idea to detect harmful bacteria in food products Purdue University researchers have engineered a bacteriophage called NanoLuc -- a virus that only infects bacteria -- to produce an enzyme that causes E. coli O157:H7 to emit light if infected. The process can save hours in comparison to traditional testing methods, which can be critical when stopping the distribution of tainted foods. For this, the testing labs just have to add the phage during the enrichment step of the testing protocol without modifying anything. The process is cheaper and is unlikely to create a false positive because the bacteriophage won't create these proteins unless they've found their specific host. The results were published in Scientific Reports.
Protein found to repair damaged DNA: Research Biologists who study the cellular processes of aging have long focused on a gene known as sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) -- also identified as a "longevity gene." Mice lacking the gene age prematurely, while mice with extra copies live longer. SIRT6 plays role in molecular functions and helps repair DNA when the strands of the molecule break, a process linked to aging, as well as several age-related diseases. But how SIRT6 is activated has been unknown. Researchers have now discovered a protein that may serve as a first responder, activating SIRT6 and setting in motion a cascade of molecular activity to repair the damaged DNA thus preventing premature ageing. The findings have been published in the journal Cell Reports.
Weight based discrimination doubles health risks We all are aware of the health risks of carrying extra body weight. According to a URI professor, treatment of society towards overweight people may increase the risk of mortality. The research was focused on respondents who experienced weight based discrimination on a regular basis. The study questioned whether they were treated disrespectfully, called names, or made to feel inferior. The findings, published in the August issue of Annals of Behavioral Medicine. The researcher suggests developing strategies to make healthy foods affordable and creating safe places for people to be active.
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Brain cells can be made to glow in dark using bioluminescent sensor Recently, a probe has been developed by a team of Vanderbilt scientists that can cause individual brain cells to imitate fireflies and glow in the dark. The probe is a genetically modified form of luciferase, the enzyme that a number of other species including fireflies use to produce light. The scientists created the technique as a new and improved method for tracking the interactions within large neural networks in the brain. The research was published in the journal Nature Communications.
Engineered tobacco plants can yield malaria drug at high levels: Research Artemisinin is a plant-derived compound that's proven to be a lifesaver in treating malaria. Yet many people who need the drug are not able to access it because it's difficult to grow the plant. According to a new research, tobacco plants can be engineered to produce artemisinin at therapeutic levels by using a dual-transformation approach. They rationalized the expression of biosynthetic pathway's gene in different compartment that enabled them to reach the maximum yield from the double transgenic plants. The research appeared in Molecular Plant.
Breastfeeding, a savior for both the mother and the child, study shows Breastfeeding which is recommended for a total of one year and exclusively for six months, could protect babies and their moms from premature death and serious diseases and save the U.S. more than $4.3 billion in health care and related costs, according to a new study published online in Maternal & Child Nutrition. Breastfeeding has long been framed as a child health issue, however it is clearly a women's health issue as well. Breastfeeding helps prevent cancer, diabetes and heart disease, yet many women have no idea breastfeeding has any of these benefits.
An immunotherapy drug approved as a substitute for people with advanced lung cancer An FDA approved immunotherapy drug, Pembrolizumab that was extensively evaluated by UCLA cancer researcher is used as first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The firstline designation means that some patients will have access to the drug without first having to receive other treatments such as chemotherapy. The FDA also expanded the approval of pembrolizumab to treat the majority of people with NSCLC who had received prior chemotherapy, greatly increasing the patient population that can benefit from the treatment. Pembrolizumab works by turning off the immune system's brakes, allowing its T cells to recognize and attack cancer cells. The research credit goes to University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Health Sciences.
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Winter conceived babies increase diabetes risk in mothers: Study warns According to a new research led by the University of Adelaide, women who conceive in winters are at a higher risk of developing gestational diabetes during pregnancy, increasing a range of risk factors for both child and mother. The study which investigated more than 60,000 births in South Australia over a five-year period is the first population-based study of its kind to confirm a seasonal variation in gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes mellitus is a serious pregnancy complication characterised by inadequate blood sugar control during pregnancy and can lead to a number of complications that include excessive birth weight, pre-term birth, low blood sugar - which, in extreme cases, can lead to seizures in the baby - and developing type 2 diabetes later in life. The study was published in the journal BMJ Diabetes Research & Care.
Only half of the total volume of chromosomes is chromatin: Study reveals DNA only accounts for about half of the total volume of chromosomes, as shown by new 3D images of human chromosomes. Until now, it has been generally accepted that chromosomes are mostly made up of DNA, with some proteins (histones) present to protect the DNA and prevent the chromosome from unravelling – this complex is known as chromatin. However, the small size of chromosomes has made detailed study of their structure difficult as they fall between the optimum sizes for imaging with a light microscope or an electron microscope. Their surprising results showed that, at certain stages in the cell division process, up to 47 percent of our chromosomes are made up of a layer of proteins, called the periphery, which covers their surface. The study was published in the journal Molecular Cell.
Nitrogen, a prime driver for healthy gut bacteria: Study finds Scientists have now opened the way for diet modelling by moving a step ahead in understanding the relation between various diet strategies and gut health. According to the researcher, “There are many different diet strategies that claim to promote gut health, and until now it has been very difficult to establish clear causality between various types of diet and their effect on the host's microbiome".This is because there are many complex factors at play, including food composition, eating pattern and genetic background. The largest nutrient requirements for our gut bacteria are carbon and nitrogen in the foods we eat. The study was published in the journal Cell Metabolism.
Detecting pathogenic bacteria with specificity Researchers from University of Alberta have found that antibodies have limited reliability in providing bacterial detection with specificity. As an alternative, they used a phage derived protein to address this deficiency which not only have applications in disease diagnosis, but also in food and water safety. The research shows that the high specificity of phages offers a potent alternative for the targeting of pathogens. More specifically, recombinant phagereceptor-binding proteins (RBPs) responsible for phage-host specificity can be used as biological probes and present numerous advantages over the use of a whole phage. The findings were presented in AVS 63rd International Symposium and Exhibition in Nashville.
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World of viruses uncovered A recent study on the virosphere of the most populous animals -- those lacking backbones like insects, spiders and worms and that live around our houses -- has uncovered 1445 viruses, revealing people have only scratched the surface of the world of viruses -- but it is likely that only a few cause disease. The meta-genomics research was made possible by new technology which also provides a powerful way to find out what pathogens cause human diseases. The study suggests these viruses have been associated with invertebrates for potentially billions of years, rather than millions of years as had been believed -- and that invertebrates are the true hosts for many types of virus. The paper, "Redefining the invertebrate RNA virosphere," is published in Nature.
Birth control pill may raise risk of seizures A recent Texas A&M Health Science Center study suggests that ethinyl estradiol, the primary component of oral contraceptives, could be detrimental to the epileptic brain. The study found that when epileptic animal models received ethinyl estradiol, they not only had more frequent seizures, but the seizures were more likely to be uncontrolled which could even permanently damage the brain. "We suspected for some time that hormonal birth control increases seizure activity in women with epilepsy, but now we know what part of the contraceptive is problematic." According to the researcher, epilepsy is more difficult to control in women once they reach sexual maturity. "The hormones that control menstruation and pregnancy can trigger seizures. The findings were recently published in the journal Epilepsy Research.
Breakthrough in Zika Virus mystery Researcher from Duke-NUS Medical School has revealed an important breakthrough in understanding the Zika virus structure and the mode of its targeting. The findings revealed that the overall virus architecture is similar to other flaviviruses such as the West Nile and dengue viruses. However, the team found that the Zika virus is more thermally stable than the dengue virus, and is also structurally stable even when incubated at 40 degrees Celsius, mimicking the body temperature of extremely feverish patients after virus infection. The research study was published in the journal Nature.
Researcher developed device that allows paralyzed man to swipe credit card, do other movements Researchers from The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center have developed a device called Neuro Life. For research, the Ohio State doctors identified the study participant and implanted a tiny computer chip into his brain. This electronic neural bypass for spinal cord injuries reconnects the brain directly to muscles, allowing voluntary and functional control of a paralyzed limb by using his thoughts. The device interprets thoughts and brain signals then bypasses his injured spinal cord and connects directly to a sleeve that stimulates the muscles that control his arm and hand. The study published online today in the journal Nature.
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Use of vegetable oil over butter does not cut heart disease risk Butter might not be a health food, but researchers revealed more evidence that replacing it with vegetable oils does not decrease risk of heart disease. New research of old data suggests that using vegetable oils high in linoleic acid failed to reduce heart disease and overall mortality even though the intervention reduced cholesterol levels. And researchers found that consuming vegetable oils might actually be worse for heart health than eating butter. The findings were reported in the British Medical Journal.
An unknown function of cannabinoids receptor discovered by Neuroscientists In the brain, there is a delicate interplay of signaling substances and cellular activity. Scientists from DZNE - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases have now identified another key player within this ensemble. In a laboratory study they found that the 'cannabinoid type 2 receptor' influences information processing inside the hippocampus. The research results might help advance our understanding of schizophrenia and Alzheimer's, say the authors. The study was published in Neuron, 2016.
Directly fed milk through breast may help in ear infections in Babies The researcher from the Nationwide Children's Hospital revealed that feeding at the breast may be healthier than feeding pumped milk from a bottle for reducing the risk of ear infection, and feeding breast milk compared with formula may reduce the risk of diarrhea. A total of 491 mothers completed surveys as part of the study which was published in the Journal of Pediatrics. Mothers who stated their intent to bottle-feed exclusively were not included in the study.
The plant that neither photosynthesizes nor blooms discovered The researcher from Kobe University has discovered a new species of plant on the subtropical Japanese island of Kuroshima (located off the southern coast of Kyushu in Kagoshima prefecture) and named it Gastrodia kuroshimensis. The new flowering plant species is a very rare event as the flora of this region have been thoroughly investigated. G. kuroshimensis was a particularly special discovery because it is both completely mycoheterotrophic, deriving its nutrition not from photosynthesis but from host fungi, and completely cleistogamous, producing flowers that never bloom.
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Reversing the ageing clock Researchers from Caltech and UCLA have developed a new approach for removing cellular damage that accumulates with age. There are hundreds of mitochondria per cell, each of which carries its own small circular DNA genome, called mtDNA, the products of which are required for energy production. The team developed a technique to remove mutated DNA from mitochondria as the accumulation of mutant mtDNA over a lifetime is thought to contribute to aging and degenerative diseases of aging such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and sarcopenia -- agerelated muscle loss and frailty. The technique can potentially help slow or reverse an important cause of aging. A paper describing the research is published in Nature Communications.
Study insight of ovarian cancer Although diagnosing ovarian cancer is difficult at early stages. In a new study, researchers have demonstrated that the tumors release substances called cytokines to attract macrophages. During metastasis, ovarian tumor cells detach from the primary tumor site and migrate to the abdominal cavity, where their survival is supported by white blood cells known as tumorassociated macrophages. The study is published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation.
Autism disorder linked to mutations in some Mitochondrial DNA A new research study has reported that children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have greater numbers of harmful mutations in their mitochondrial DNA than family members. Increasingly, studies point to malfunctions in mitochondria -- the powerhouses of the cell -- as a cause of autism spectrum disorder, but the biological basis for this relationship is unclear. The research study has been published with a title of Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Neurobiological Subtype of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the journal Public Library of Science.
New ultrasound technique is first to image inside live cells The researcher from University of Nottingham have developed a breakthrough technique that uses sound rather than light to see inside live cells. The research has found potential application in stem-cell transplants and cancer diagnosis. The new nanoscale ultrasound technique uses shorter-than-optical wavelengths of sound and could even rival the optical superresolution techniques which won the 2014 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. The study has been published in the paper 'High resolution 3D imaging of living cells with sub-optical wavelength phonons' in the journal, Scientific Reports.
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In vitro developed mini lungs successfully transplanted into mice The researcher from University of Michigan Health System can now grow 3-D models of lungs from stem cells, creating new ways to study respiratory diseases, report scientists. "In many ways, the transplanted mini lungs were indistinguishable from human adult tissue," says senior study author Jason Spence, Ph.D., associate professor in the Department of Internal Medicine and the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology at the U-M Medical School. The findings were published in eLife and described by authors as a potential new tool to study lung disease.
Researcher developed new antibiotics by sifting through the human microbiome Researchers at The Rockefeller University have found a new way of producing antibiotics. Researchers used computational methods to identify which genes in a microbe's genome ought to produce antibiotic compounds and then synthesized those compounds themselves. Through this, they were able to discover two promising new antibiotics without having to culture a single bacterium. The study published with title Discovery of MRSA active antibiotics using primary sequence from the human microbiome in Nature Chemical Biology.
Drug use in business bathrooms in New York City surveyed The study from New York University has revealed that drug overdose death rates per year in the United States (U.S.) nearly doubled from 1999 to 2013. In New York City (NYC) alone, drug overdose deaths had a 43% increase between 2010 and 2014. The majority of these deaths in NYC involved opioids, with heroin being the most predominant. The study was published with title Drug use in business bathrooms: An exploratory study of manager encounters in New York City.
Study of an indigenous group of Maya people reinforces the link between Cesarean births and obesity Amanda Veile, an assistant professor of biological anthropology, found that the size of the mother and the method of delivery predict child growth patterns through age 5 in the Yu catec Maya. Her findings, with co-author Karen Kramer of the University of Utah, were published with a title of Childhood body mass is positively associated with cesarean birth in Yucatec Maya subsistence farmers in the American Journal of Human Biology.
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Researcher found that school environment associated with asthma symptoms According to study published in The JAMA Network Journals Classroom and home dust samples linked to the students were collected and analyzed for common indoor allergens, including rat, mouse, cockroach, cat, dog and dust mites. Associations between school exposure to allergens and asthma outcomes were adjusted for exposure to the allergens at home. "These findings suggest that exposure reduction strategies in the school setting may effectively and efficiently benefit all children with asthma. Future school-based environmental intervention studies may be warranted," the authors conclude. The study published with a title Association Between Allergen Exposure in Inner-City Schools and Asthma Morbidity Among Students.
Kids likely to develop less allergies with Thumbsucking, nail-biting Researcher from McMaster University has found that Children who are thumb-suckers or nailbiters are less likely to develop allergic sensitivities. And, if they have both 'bad habits', they are even less likely to be allergic to such things as house dust mites, grass, cats, dogs, horses or airborne fungi. The research, published in the journal Pediatrics with the title Thumb-Sucking, Nail-Biting, and Atopic Sensitization, Asthma, and Hay Fever, was completed by researchers of New Zealand's Dunedin School of Medicine, assisted by professor Malcolm Sears of McMaster University's Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, and formerly from Dunedin.
First trials of smart gas sensing pills reveal how low and highfiber diets affect gut The researcher from RMIT University have conducted the first ever trials of smart pills that can measure intestinal gases inside the body, with surprising results revealing some unexpected ways that fiber affects the gut. Intestinal gases have been linked to colon cancer, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but their role in health is poorly understood and there is currently no easy and reliable tool for detecting them inside the gut. The study published with a title Intestinal Gas Capsules: A Proof-of-Concept Demonstration in the journal Gastroenterology.
Highly variable pollutant concentrations in fish meat The researcher from University of California - San Diego found that fish populations throughout the world's oceans are contaminated with industrial and agricultural pollutants, collectively known as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The study also uncovered some good news: concentrations of these pollutants have been consistently dropping over the last 30 years. The findings, reported in the Jan. 28, 2016 issue of the journal PeerJ, were based on an analysis by Scripps researchers Lindsay Bonito, Amro Hamdoun, and Stuart Sandin of hundreds of peer-reviewed articles from 1969-2012. The study published with the title Evaluation of the global impacts of mitigation on persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic pollutants in marine fish.
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Yo-yo dieting may increase weight New research by the universities of Exeter and Bristol suggests that repeated dieting may cause extra weight gain because the brain interprets the diets as short famines and urges the person to store more fat for future shortages. The research can explain why people who try low-calorie diets often overeat when not dieting and so don't keep the weight off. By contrast, people who don't diet will learn that food supplies are reliable and they do not need to store so much fat. The study, published in the journal Evolution, Medicine and Public Health, is based on observations of animals such as birds.
Silencing fat protein improves obesity and blood sugar: Study A new study from scientists of Saint Louis University reports that turning off a protein found in liver and adipose tissue significantly improves blood sugar levels and reduces body fat in an animal model. Each cell has many lipid droplets, and those droplets contain triglycerides. They are coated by proteins one of which is called 'fat-specific protein 27', or FSP27 that prevents lipid mobilization and promotes lipid storage within the cell. Fasting generates a physiological response in which the body turns to stored fat for energy, and as that fat is mobilized from the adipose tissue, it reaches the liver, causing triglycerides to accumulate there. As FSP27 is necessary for triglyceride accumulation, so silencing this protein may help obese mice. The study has been published in the Journal of Lipid Research.
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