Jun18gb

Volume II — Number 111

June 2018

Monthly Newsletter

Newsletter

Silvano Signoretto • Thanks Japan.

We had an unforgettable experience in our recent visit to Japan.

The respect that Japanese society feels for the individual is a sensation that contrasts very clearly with our way of life, especially in Spain.

Seeing how our bus was moving up a hill or down a hill to let the lighter vehicles behind was a totally unthinkable practice in our latitudes.

The immediate help they give you when they see you doubting how to get a certain metro or train ticket produces blushing compared to our practices.

The punctuality, the cleanliness, the information to the traveler and the order in the hope of approaching any means of transport is exquisite.

M. A. Carretero.

An unforgettable feeling of light, shapes and color of pieces made in glass by the great American artist who occupy an entire floor of the building.

The permanent collection of the Museum is made up of pieces made by the most renowned artists from around the world.

Even several pieces that are offered to the public on the sidewalks that surround the building are part of the collection.

The call of attention that a flight attendant made to me when she saw me writing with a pen the name of a Japanese artist in a brochure of the Museum made a strong impact.

Immediately he went to the counter and brought me a pencil so that he could make the notes that he deemed convenient, a pencil that During our visit to the they demanded when I left Toyama Glass Art Museum, the room. I could not we could admire the understand the reason for imposing building that was the alarm. inaugurated in 2015 and The museography is that houses, in addition to Nuestra sede: excellent. The pieces are the Museum, the city's Castillo Grande de placed in plinths and Public Library.

S.J. de Valderas illuminated in an impeccable Avda. Los Castillos, s/n On its highest floor we way so that the visitor can could enjoy an 28925 ALCORCÓN. enjoy the art in glass giving a extraordinary staging of a (MADRID) round to the pieces. collection of pieces by info@amigosmava.org They offer in their collection Chihuly entitled Glass Art various works made by Garden.

Japanese artists on the occasion of the inauguration of the Museum.

Between the 15th of September and the 25th of November the Toyama International Glass Exhibition 2018 will be held in the Museum and will be located on floors 1, 2 and 3 of the building.

It is an event that has been held every three years since 2002.

It is endowed with three prizes; A Grand Prize of 3,000,000 JPY (€ 24,000), a Gold Award of 1,000,000 JPY (€ 8,000) and five Silver Prizes of 200,000 JPY (€ 1,600).

The works that obtain the Grand Prize and the Gold Award will be donated to the Museum.

Among the large number of pieces submitted to the contest, they have selected in the first instance 57 works by national and foreign artists.

The second selection will be carried out in view of the actual works between June 30 and July 1, 2018.

On July 1, the prizes awarded by the Festival jury will be announced.

All the pieces selected in this second screen will be exposed during the course of the event.

Both our Secretary and I will travel to Toyama for a few days to attend this important event and we will take advantage of the visit to visit the Glass Art Institute of the city and the Toyama Glass Studio.

We will have a meeting with the Czech artist Vaclav Rezak, who is an associate professor of the Institute and whom we met during our visit to the Czech Republic in 2013.

We will also take advantage of this second visit to Japan to visit the Museum of Glass and the Pola Museum located in Hakone.

We have already booked flights and hotels, both in Tokyo and in Toyama and we hope to enjoy this visit with great intensity.

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Volume II — Number 111

June 2018

S P E C I A L I NT E R E S T: •

Part of the month

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Visit to the Toyama Museum

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The house of the desert

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The cathedral of Leon

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Activities on the MAVA

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News

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Our activities

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Glass recycling

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How does CONTENT:

Piece of the month

3

Established artists

4

Young artists

4

Visit the Toyama Museum 5

Directive 2010/75 / EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, of November 24, 2010, on industrial emissions.

Art. 3. Definitions. ../ ..

31) "biomass": any of the following products: a) those composed of a plant material of agricultural or forestry origin that can be used as fuel to enhance its energy content; b) the following waste: i) vegetables of agricultural and forestry origin, ii) plants from the food processing industry, if the heat

generated is recovered, iii) fibrous plants from the production of virgin pulp and from the production of paper from the pulp, if they are coincinerated at the place of production and the heat generated is recovered, iv) cork waste, (v) wood residues, with the exception of those that may contain organohalogen compounds or heavy metals as a result of some kind of treatment with wood protection or coating substances and which includes, in particular, wood residues from wood

residues. construction and demolitions; 32) 'combustion plant with a mixed boiler' means any that can be fed simultaneously or alternatively with two or more types of fuel; 33) "gas turbine" means any rotating machine that converts thermal energy into mechanical work, consisting of a compressor, a thermal device in which fuel is oxidized to heat the engine fluid and a turbine; 34) "gas engine" means an internal combustion engine that operates by applying the Otto cycle and uses spark ignition or, in the case of two fuels, compression ignition to burn fuel;

The house of the desert

6

The cathedral of Leon

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Activities Museums

8

Activities on the MAVA

11

The CNV refinances debt

12

MUVI brochure

13

History of the RFC

14

Meteor Remains

15

Roman glass in Museums

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News

17

Culture 2018

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floor of the MAVA.

Bury a mountain

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Capital of glass 2018

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The glass in museums

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Recycling

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The opening of this exhibition is scheduled for the end of this month of June and will be an important moment for the history of our Museum.

Cultural visits

21

Culture 2018 program

21

The Vuelta in the MAVA

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Other trends

23

Flippy exhibition

24

The glass in Oaxaca

25

Factory in Argentina

26

Super thin glass

27

Scientific glass

28

How do

29

Documentary on glass

30

Through a pink glass

31

Painted with light

32

Extension of Museum

33

Friends of Glass

34

René Lalique in Casa Lis

35

Universe Lis

36

Westminster Abbey

37

New London Glass

38

Economic war

39

Board Of Directors

40

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Exhibition at the MAVA.

Preparations for the installation of the works that the Italian firm Bellini & Pezzoli will temporarily assign to the permanent collection of the Museum are already being made in the room on the ground

Sandro Pezzoli, with his partner Aldo Bellini, started his collection around 1970 by collecting Venetian glass works. Over the years, they expanded their purchases to American, Australian, Japanese and other European Studio Glass pieces, with selection criteria, in addition to personal taste, the technical and aesthetic excellence of the work. In those early years, collectors Bellini and Pezzoli opted for those works where the intrinsic qualities of glass were put in value, therefore, mostly, are polychrome works, bright, transparent and almost always worked in hot, with predominance of the technique of blown glass to cane.

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17-01-13. Requesting inventory of the components of the permanent collection of MAVA.

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11-06-13. Possibility of receipt by the MAVA documentation on glass offered by the President of the Spanish Association of Science.

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11-11-13. Requesting information on the agreement with the Community of Madrid to install social services in the MAVA.

www.amigosmava.org

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Piece of the month. Kathrin Partelli.

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June 2018

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Kathrin Partelli was born in Bolzano, Italy, in 1980.

Is it a waterfall in slow motion, running through the stream of time and consciousness?

Is it an avalanche that descends violently into the valley of the forgotten past?

Or maybe it's a mountain rock, proudly extending its solid volume into the enchanted landscape of the next world?

The art of Kathrin Partelli demands so much attention. It is normal for each viewer to remember something different from their work. It's like watching a lot of people in the movies.

Although all of them have seen approximately 20 frames per second during the entire viewing period, they all point to something different.

The indifferent formal work of Kathrin Partelli is a generous act of daydreaming of sculpture as a means of special power and wealth.

Through a liberating and emancipatory gesture of expanding space, the artist negotiates sculpture as a crossroads of disciplines, performative collage, between a drawing in space, installation and construction of architecture.

(Adam Budak) If you look briefly at the sun and then close your eyes, a residual image remains. This is a partial physiological explanation of the contrast of light and dark and the structure of the retina.

The persistent image of a work of art in the exhibition also has a psychological component that has something to do with the level of attention of the viewer.

However, you do not see much of the secondary image, if you do not pay attention. With increasing attention, you can see more.

www.amigosmava.org

The works of art in the exhibition leave a secondary image when they shine or when there is a contrast in materiality. (Hermann Pitz, Munich).

The work that we have selected for this month does not have a title and participated in the Art Biennial of the Alcorcón City Council in 2006, obtaining the third prize.

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Established artists. Silvano Signoretto.

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June 2018

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Silvano Signoretto began to form at the age of eight in the oven of the unforgettable glass master Alfredo Barbini.

After having acquired the foundations of glass making, he began to work in the renowned workshops of Gino Cenedese, F.lli Cattelan and Renato Mazzega, among others.

It is here that he began to cooperate with important designers such as Professor De Lai.

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Later, while executing his art in the Seguso Vetri D'Arte, he worked hand in hand with the great master Angelo Seguso for the designer Mario Rigatieri.

In 1989 he started working for Salviati & Co., where he collaborates with artist Heinz Ostegard, Alessandro Mendini and Berit Johansson.

Since then, the great sensibility and interpretative capacity of Signoretto have been sought after by renowned painters and sculptors such as Gigi Marcazzan, Antonella Costa, Ginny Ruffner, David Palterer, Fulvio Bianconi, Ugo La Pietra, Peter Shire, Guglielmo Renzi, Luigi Ontani and many others. .

When Salviati & Co. merged with Venini in 1990, Silvano created the "Leonardo's horse", a metal structure with glass inside, initially built as a computer rendered by Ben Jakober, and Yannik Hu and presented at the 45th biennial of Venice.

Emerging artists. Dóra Varga. important for me: to capture the movement of the hot glass, which is a snapshot, often affected by the current events of my life.

I am also inspired by contemporary architecture, music or the humor of a film.

Dóra Varga was born on October 1, 1984 in Miskolc (Hungary).

The creation for me is like a movie that rewinds again and again, so that when it is reproduced it can show different options for the end, with different approaches and experimentation.

The process of creation is

I am interested in the theory of color, for example, the relationship between color and space.

Our web

I often experiment mixing colors and the movement of pigments within a sculpture.

Recently, I have been creating installations with a visual artist, in which another form of art is associated with glass, such as videomapping.

The installation, in which I am currently working, is, in essence, a mapping of music that becomes form and can be reproduced.

I work with regular and geometric basic forms. I like to I imagined an apocalyptic state experiment with the different of mind; a dark, desolate, material qualities of glass.

Nordic sensation, with sharp and rumbling sounds.

In most of my sculptures, I combine pate de verre and casting techniques. I use contrasting surfaces and colors.

www.amigosmava.org

In addition, it will also be interactive; so the movement will appear in the installation as well.

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Visit the Toyama Glass Art Museum.

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June 2018

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On May 17, they visited the Glass Art Museum of the Japanese city of Toyama, our President and our Secretary.

The Toyama Glass Art Museum (富山 市 ガ ラ ス 美術館, Toyama Glass Bijutsukan) in the city of Toyama displays a large collection of glass art from around the world.

The modern Kirari building that houses the museum was designed by the renowned architect Kuma Kengo and also contains the city's public library.

The museum offers permanent and temporary exhibitions.

the temporary exhibitions are interspersed through multiple galleries in other floors.

The permanent exhibition on the fourth floor exhibits the contemporary glass art of international artists acquired by the museum during past decades, while the sixth floor receives the exhibition of the "glass art garden", where a collection of installations made is exhibited by Dale Chihuly.

that plays an important role in the local area.

The building was inaugurated in 2015 and houses the venues of the Glass Art Museum and the Toyama Municipal Library.

The museography is excellent, presenting all the works in plinths so that they can be appreciated in all their contours, something very close to our MAVA but very far from other museums that present the works in glass in In contrast to the bright interior of showcases, which prevents the staircase style of the enjoying the main feature of glass building, dim lighting and black sculpture, its alliance with light. walls accentuate the beauty of The photographic report that our the glass works. representatives made of their visit

The permanent exhibitions are in The museum is not only a tourist the fourth and sixth floors, while place, but also an installation

www.amigosmava.org

to the Museum can be seen through this link.

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The house of the desert.

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June 2018

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The well-known "desert house" built in the north of Granada, specifically in Gorafe.

The pioneering project challenges nature by using architectural solutions to demonstrate the benefits of sustainable glass.

wooden structure and is completely glazed with efficient glass from the company that drives the initiative and has a water filtration system, another energy production and a set of photovoltaic solar panels.

The initiative also aims to contribute to the "The house of the desert" economic and tourist has opened its doors as a development of the area pioneering initiative in the in a sustainable way and country that seeks to become a milestone, as verify the behavior of an example of building glass in extreme the future, self-managed, environments. efficient and respectful The environment is arid with the environment. and with very changing Fully glazed and with the temperatures throughout energy source from selfthe year. consumption The firm Guardian Glass, In order to show first however, has embarked hand the importance of on this project that has glass in architecture, its only 20 square meters at properties and behavior, the top of a great gorge Guardian Glass offers the and inhospitable desert. possibility of experiencing The house is among a stay in "The house of large dolmens. the desert".

Wooden structure Whoever wishes, can The house stands on a request and spend a few

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days in this peculiar construction to check, on the ground, the characteristics and benefits of it in an environment without equal, subject to availability and acceptance of conditions.

A team of architects led

by Spela Videcnik, of Ofis Arquitectura, has materialized this house that aims to respond to the challenges of the environment and be efficient from the energy point of view by customizing the type of glass to suit the conditions of each environment.

The desert of the Coloraos de Gorafe, in the region of Guadix, is characterized by formations known as "badlands" and is defined by its extreme aridity and canyons, gullies, ravines, channels and other geological forms considered adverse.

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The rosette of the Cathedral of León.

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June 2018

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The Cathedral is 'propped up'.

The objective is "to maximize security", according to the conservative architect of the Gothic temple, Mariano Díez Sáenz de Miera.

In the next few days the western cover will be fumigated, to eliminate mosses, lichens and all the parasitic vegetation that has 'colonized' the skin of the Cathedral.

The placement of a colossal scaffolding to restore the central rosette forced to refine the calculations in a building of proven fragility.

Although the engineers considered it unnecessary to reinforce the three arches of the main facade, in the end it was decided not to take even the slightest risk.

The next step is to heal wounds, especially in some pinnacles that Taking advantage of this 'Eiffel Tower' of irons, the works will not suffer significant damage. be limited to the restoration of the The delicate restoration of the large window and the stone that great rosette will be an sustains it, but the entire gable unprecedented operation. The will be rehabilitated. stained glass window, eight

The Cathedral, with the new metal pilasters, the gigantic scaffolding castle that virtually covers the main entrance and without sculptures on this western façade since 2009, will show its worst face at least two years -18 months according to the project, which is already late -.

In the colossal reconstruction that more than a century ago avoided the collapse of the Cathedral, of the 30 square meters of the rose window, 23 were conserved, distributed in more than 70 panels, which needed an urgent repair; to them we must add those that were in a critical situation or had disappeared, until completing the number of 85 that originally formed this spectacular circular window.

To 'disguise' a canvas with the elevation of the building will be placed, which is expected to be hung before June 6, the date on which the Masterchef contest will record a program in León, according to sources from the company Esoca, responsible for the rehabilitation of the facade and rosette.

On the other side of the wall, the platform that was open to the public for years has been maintained and which will allow the Cathedral's great eye to be 'unhooked' with greater guarantees, which has not been touched since the great restoration that the building underwent in the 19th century.

meters in diameter, dates from the late 13th century, with the Virgin and Child in the center, surrounded by twelve angels.

According to Víctor Nieto Alcaide, one of the world's leading specialists in stainedglass windows, the restoration and renovation work was then merged and confused. "In the restitution there was a work of forgery," he says, using old glasses "of uncertain origin" for the realization of new windows.

New workshop The work of cleaning and restoration of the rosettes will be carried out in the new Stained Glass Workshop, which moves

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its' headquarters of the old Major Seminary and future Museum of Holy Week to an old building of the Dámaso Merino street, just restored and that for years was used by the Youth Council for the leisure program Espabila.

He suffers from the same pathologies as the southern gable, which for a decade has been protected by a marquee.

The bronze and sulfur staples with which they literally 'sewed' both facades, over time have been harmful, because they ended up cracking the stone.

The rehabilitation of the large window, which will leave one to the Cathedral, is the responsibility of Cepa Foundation -the entrepreneurs of the Mexican brewery Modelo, Cesáreo and Pablo González-, which will cover the 398,000 euros that it costs to repair one of the 'jewels' of the Gothic temple.

In 1859 the architect Matías Laviña detected deep cracks in this rose window. Two years later, 400 pines were felled to carry out a complex scaffolding that would allow the large stained glass to be dismantled. Now instead of wood the pillars will be made of metal, but the operation will be just as risky.

Predictably, the Cathedral does not recover its great 'eye' until mid 2020.

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Activities Museums I.

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June 2018

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Activities Museums II.

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Activities Museums III.

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Activities on the MAVA. Barry Wolfryd.

Volume II — Number 111

June 2018

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There is an ice cream that has fallen to the ground and that melts in a pool of blood. His cheerful colors and brilliance contrast with his terrible message.

"It could be ice cream that falls on a child in a war zone when he runs because the bombers arrive," says its creator, artist Barry Wolfryd. Born in Los Angeles (USA) in 1952, but settled more than 40 years ago in Mexico, he is a pop painter, who makes very colorful paintings, full of popular references.

In fact, some of their colors and their referents (wrestlers, nopales, virgins) are clearly influenced by Mexico.

MORE INFORMATION For four years, Wilford has extracted some elements that appear in his twodimensional paintings and recreates them in 3D, incarnated in glass. His exhibition Common Interests, curated

by Aldo Flores, can be seen until September 7 at the MAVA.

Of his works, full of humor and irony, he has also extracted many nopales (a kind of cactus). "In Mexico the nopal is used for everything: food, fibers, fabrics, so I use it as a metaphor for the country," says the artist.

For example, in that piece of transparent glass in which a chopped nopal is seen: "It is a way of talking about the country's problems, such as violence or drug trafficking." For the realization of the works, Wolfryd has collaborated with the Royal Factory of Crystals of La Granja (Segovia), with which he has produced shiny and transparent pieces by means of the blowing method.

Also with the Berengo Studio in Murano (Venice), where they practice another type of technique, that of working on the hot mass of glass, in the sculptor's way, heating the material constantly with a torch. "I work with master craftsmen who know the trade.

The artist is the one who leads the baton, "he says.

symbolic charge that can tell many stories, with great concentration of meanings.

"Glass has a brutal potential, but we must encourage artists to use this medium, which has certain requirements for its production," says the director of MAVA, María Luisa Martínez.

That is why from the museum they have promoted two production projects, Think in Glass, for mediumcareer artists (such as Ouka Leele, Juan Ugalde or Esther Pizarro), and Working glass, for emerging artists (E1000, Alejandro Marote or Jorge Peiranes), in those who invited artists to produce their works in glass.

The MAVA keeps a permanent collection that shows the evolution of this type of art from its beginnings in the sixties until today.

"As the public is curious about working with glass, we have a small blowing workshop," says the director. There The artist knew the technique of glass you can see the ingredients and the Among these last works is the piece in Valencia, through the expert Juan technology used, which is Ripollés and Adriano Berengo, founder that shows a rabbit. "I use the rabbit in fundamentally the same as in the 1st my paintings as a symbol of of the Venetian biennial Glasstress, century. which invites renowned artists (Ai Wei innocence," says Wolfryd, "but this rabbit, full of tattoos, is a rabbit that Of course, to mold the ball of Wei, Jan Fabre, Olafur Eliasson) to has been perverted, a gangster rabbit incandescent glass artisans use a lot work with this material . that perches on a large Coca-Cola of wet newspaper. And when they stop "I was stung by the glass bug," says plate." printing newspapers on paper? "Then Wolfryd. "I am a restless artist who we will have a problem," says the His work is an investigation about the always wants to try new media that director. common fund that humanity shares, in allow the ideas to be shaped in which he likes to use elements of great See our images. different ways".

www.amigosmava.org

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The CN of the Glass seeks to refinance the debt.

Volume II — Number 111

June 2018

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The main objective of the new Master Plan of the National Glass Center is to refinance the current debt of 3.5 million euros and get investment in "machinery and circulating" to relocate the Glass Factory of the Royal Site of San Ildefonso as « the biggest European reference of glass ».

on the part of the glassmakers.

This was stated by the president of the Board of the Foundation, Andrés Ortega, who said that at the end of last May, the appointment of the new CEO for the CNV was planned.

Andrés Ortega recalled that he is personally working with the Ministry of Culture, the Ministry of Industry and the Junta de Castilla y León to obtain "a new financing that allows the continuity of the project" and that "the economic issue is not the most important concern" for the CNV.

The future plans of the center cover three lines: the new museum project, the implementation of the "ambitious" master plan, with "the bases of action on the product that is manufactured and the investment in a new furnace", and the courses deformation.

The School of Industrial Organization (EOI) assumed until a few months ago the management of the National Center of Glass and the lines that marked are the ones that it maintains at present to obtain «resources for the entity».

The chairman of the board of the National Glass Center said they also work to ensure "continuity" of the 44 people who make up the template as a "public entity" are subject to the contracting rules that Ortega advanced that there have the State and "can not be make already been meetings between the new hires ». company awarded the drafting of A template with which the CNV has the master plan and the current head of the center and the Museum to "face the new changes and the whole project to carry it forward" of Glass, Paloma Pastor. that, according to Ortega, will be "a He stressed that the CNV has "a lot long way". of potential", as it has proven in the Commercialization six months that it has been at the head of the Board because in all the Andrés Ortega was very satisfied national and international contacts with the changes introduced in the "where I have spoken of the design and the new location of the factory", the value it has within the store at the entrance of the world of glass and the crystal "is Museum, which have paid off in very high". both Easter Week and the previous In his opinion, they face the great challenge, "as it was in the past" of being "the European benchmark" for the high quality of the glass that it produces, with "great versatility"

May Bridge, with "higher sales comparing them with the same dates as last year ».

In addition, the new line of colored glass products, in green and blue,

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is also working very well, and at not very high prices, so the "customer is very receptive".

The president of the board of the National Glass Center wanted to make clear that "we are craftsmen" and the production capacity of the factory will never be "neither in chain nor massive", but it will bring the professionalism and good work of the glassmakers of La Granja to the highest levels with two lines of work: consumer glassware, in glasses and glasses, and lamps.

Ortega said that they will continue to collaborate with great international artists and designers.

Backing of CC OO Andrés Ortega was the host of the Secretary General of CCOO CyL, Vicente Andrés, who made a visit to the National Glass Center of La Granja, which he described as "one of the jewels we have in Castilla y León" because he is able to project "what artisanal and the local worldwide ", for the great prestige it has in Spain and internationally.

Andrés said that his goal was to show the support of the Workers' Commissions to the Glass Factory that "takes the name of Segovia to many places", as well as to "reinforce and broaden" his knowledge about the productive reality of Castilla y León.

For his part, the provincial secretary of CC OO in Segovia, Álex Blázquez, recalled that they are fulfilling the mandate of their members to have a "greater proximity in the workplace", through direct contact with companies.

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Informative brochure of the Museum of Cartagena.

Volume II — Number 111

June 2018

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The Museum of Glass of Cartagena already has an informative and informative pamphlet, prepared by the Community in collaboration with the Association of Glass Artisans of Saint Lucia.

Consumption and Administrative Simplification, has been responsible for the realization of these documents, which show the history of glass in Cartagena, the forms of make it and the tourist and cultural possibilities that this space offers.

Señora del Mar School in the Santa Lucia neighborhood of Cartagena.

These new brochures will be the basis of an upcoming campaign of dissemination among schools in the Region of Murcia, in order that In total, 5,000 leaflets schoolchildren and their have been printed, of which 4,000 offer The General Director of teachers know the information in Spanish Commerce, Consumption museum, and that this may result in more organized and a thousand in and Administrative English, in order to detail Simplification, Francisco visits. the characteristics and Abril, visited the museum April stressed that "these history of the museum to last May, which was brochures collect with the tourists and visitors of the launched in 2011 as a greatest detail the port city. showroom and training traditional glass production center. in Cartagena and the most The Ministry of important aspects of the Employment, During the visit, a museum, with a view to an Universities, Enterprise demonstration of glass and Environment, blowing was carried out ultimate goal: to enhance the tourist attraction of this through the General to the 26 primary Directorate of Commerce, students of the Nuestra space and multiply visits."

www.amigosmava.org

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History of the Royal Glass Factory.

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June 2018

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The official chronicler of the Royal Site of San Ildefonso, the historian and neighbor of La Granja, Eduardo Juárez, went to the Royal Glass Factory (RFC) with several dozen (about 40) members of the adult school to tell them the details of the institution, its building and the relation of the town with the glass from its beginnings.

Thus, in their tour of the factory, they visited the production area, went down to Demetrio Crow's machine and also visited their workshops and ovens.

During the walk, Juarez explained "the historical reasons why there is glass in La Granja, how many factories there have been, the type of production that made La Granja exceptional and the type of factory that it was".

Roots of glass There are several factors for which there is glass in La Granja, but the main one was the claim made by Felipe V to build a Royal Palace in the municipality, but also influenced others such as "the destruction of the previous factory, which was in an industrial town developed by the enlightened, and that was devastated after a fire.

It was the so-called 'New Baztán' ", emphasizes the chronicler. "When that factory burned down," said Juarez, "the glassmakers who were left without work came to La Granja looking for the possibility of establishing an oven in the heat of the construction of the La Granja Palace" and thus, he continued, "they are created up to three

factories; two inside the historical center and the one of manufacture that orders to construct Carlos III, that is also developed taking advantage of the destruction of the Alcázar of Madrid and the construction of the Real Palace ".

water instead of people and mechanical devices developed by engineers who produce highly polished glass and giant mirrors," recalled Juarez.

Exceptional production

"This way he could extract money from the great fortunes, especially the aristocracy, who were exempt from paying taxes but paid for the glass pieces of La Granja at the price of gold," acknowledged the historian, who added that, in addition, that type of Glass could only be found in La Granja because it was the only place where such special products were made and, in addition, "they could only sell them here", as we remember, the factory was in the hands of the King.

At this point the chronicler recalled the importance of the 'House of On the other hand, the context Polishing' (today almost destroyed favored a lot the construction of the and in processing to become BIC) Royal Glass Factory in that area at that time, which is what housed because it had a large forest to get the first polishing machine in the fuel, and around there was plenty country. of water to run the hydraulic Manufacture machine.

Eduardo Juarez also explained to Although, there really were four those present the type of factory factories "two that disappeared, that is the RFC, of manufacture, that one that does not work and another is, that they manufacture in an that is industrial, that is artisanal way and not in a chain.

Verescence", explained Juarez.

"This factory belonged to the King As for the two who were inside the and what it produces are village, the chronicler explained, sumptuous, very luxurious goods, "one was closed by obsolete and for the aristocracy and the the other suffered a fire so it was bourgeoisie to buy, which also have destroyed." production privilege," said Juarez, Thus, it was necessary to build a who revealed the true intentions of third factory, ordered by Carlos III the monarch that were not other that in the eighteenth century, which is to obtain that the richest ones paid the current Real Fábrica de to them also, since they did not pay Cristales. tributes to the Real House.

"The glass sits in one place because they do something that is very good," said Juarez, who reasoned that "they only do it and at that time they are very successful when the producers did something exceptional and, in the case of La Granja, they were the mirrors. " "They made them in large dimensions and polished them with machines that used the force of

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Remains of the Chicxulub meteorite.

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June 2018

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The "tiny pearls of glass" found are spherules of rock that traveled 2,000 km because of the impact until it was deposited in the uninhabited Island of Gorgonilla of Colombia.

are actually splashes of molten rock that were ejected from the Chicxulub crater as it formed, then solidified in outer space and scattered throughout the planet as rain.

The exceptional thing about The prestigious journal the Gorgonilla layer is that Geology includes this many tectites have remained international research in which vitreous, despite being a the Aragonese researchers of material that quickly the Research Institute of transforms into more stable Environmental Sciences of minerals.

Aragon (IUCA) and the The director of the Center of Department of Earth Sciences Geochronology of Berkeley, of the Aragonese public Paul R. Renne, made campus, and specialists in a radiometric dates applying the group of marine protozoa 40Ar / 39Ar method on 25 pure called planktonic foraminifera. tectites and obtaining an His research has allowed to average age of 66.05 million specify his age, showing that years. This age is they were exactly formed in the indistinguishable from the age Cretaceous / Tertiary limit (or of the K / T limit (66.04 million limit K / T) and that, years with a margin of error of consequently, said asteroid Âą 10,000 years). caused the great extinction that ended the dinosaurs.

In addition, the Gorgonilla deposit is special in many The Island of Gorgonilla, other aspects. The impact located 35 km from the Pacific spherules traveled 2,000 km to coast of northern Colombia, is be deposited at the bottom of an uninhabited island of about an ocean more than 2 km 2 km2 covered by a tropical deep, far from any continent. rain forest and surrounded by These great depths are below coral reefs. In one of its the so-called level of calcite beaches a thin 2 cm geological compensation, a geochemical layer appears, formed by small barrier under which the water spherules of rock, called is acidic enough to dissolve tectites, which look like tiny the small carbonate shells of pearls of natural glass. They the planktonic foraminifera.

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Therefore, these microfossils are absent in most of the 40 meters of rocks studied, except, surprisingly, in the first meter of rocks located on the layer of tectites. It is in this first metro where the team of the University of Zaragoza has identified the species of planktonic foraminifera that evolved just after the extinction of the K / T limit, guaranteeing with an independent method the age obtained with the radiometric dates.

On the other hand, the palynologist of the Museum of Natural History of Sweden, Vivi Vajda, has shown for the first time that the vegetation suffered a massive mortality in the K / T limit even in the tropics. After the great mortality, fern pioneer communities arose that had to colonize the islands arisen around Gorgonilla almost instantaneously due to the gigantic earthquakes and the great earth displacements unleashed by the impact of Chicxulub. The earthquakes devastated the area until weeks after the impact, according to the sedimentological analysis carried out by the geologist Hermann Bermudez.

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The Roman glass in museums in Madrid (XXXIX).

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June 2018

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Eduardo Alonso Cereza

The Egyptian perfumes This glass is characterized by imported by Italy have had two possibilities of being the contrast of colors in the transported: in large and same piece and also by varied glass vessels or another variety of glass, the colorless, although Alexandria transported in small bottles of ointments. likewise accepted the technique of blowing.

The writer of the Periplous In Italy blown glasses are made, but mosaic glass bowls made with the pressed mold technique were still imported from the Near East, possibly from Alexandria during the second half of the first century BC; already in the 1st century AD Factories will be installed in Italy.

leaves glimpse as the Egyptian glass exported in the Augustan period, in its majority, consisted of imitations of murrina.

to Spanish-Roman glass, talks about ovens both in the interior of the Peninsula and on the Mediterranean coast, and distinguishes three production zones: a) Valleys of the Catalan coast up to the Pyrenees. Mataró b) Mouth of the Ebro river, especially Tortosa.

c) Interior of the kingdoms of Valencia and Murcia: places near the slopes and slopes that As I mentioned earlier, the separate these from the interior manufacture of glass in of the Peninsula: through the Roman Hispania is attested by valleys of Ollería, Salinas, Busot Cayo Plinio Secundus; At the and Almanzora river. time there were factories in This author also informs us The export of glass from Egypt Italy, Gaul and Hispania. about the existence of glass to Italy had to be very The discovery in the deposit of kilns in Santa Colomba de important; Emperor Aurelian the Passage Cobos, in Somoza (León). established a tax that later Tarragona, old Tarraco, of two Vigil Pascual talks about glass Constantine canceled. fragments of glass attributed objects early in:

by Price to tacos de puntel, It is believed that Egypt exported the most expensive can show that the blown glass a) The Guadalquivir valley. In this region we find early glass in glass, but also had a trade in began to be produced in Tarraconense at the end of the greater quantity with perfumes and liquids that characteristics similar to that could have been transported in first half of 1st century AD produced in northern Italy and glass jars.

Manuel Rico Sinobas, referring southern Gaul.

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N E W S (I).

• New withdrawal of Stella Artois.

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June 2018

withdrawal of additional product "is limited to the bottles of one of the external suppliers that produces a part of the bottles glass of Stella Artois around the world. " This way, the withdrawal made in April when a defect in the glass container manufactured by a supplier of the brand - was detected in 33 centiliter bottles, which can "cause a small fragment of outgoing glass to break and to fall inside the beer ", according to the brewery.

It's the second time in two months.

Stella Artois has again ordered a voluntary withdrawal of a "limited number of bottles" of 33 centiliters of beer. Due to a manufacturing defect of the bottle, they may contain small

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glass particles.

Stella Artois, who has not provided the specific number of beers that have been removed, explained in a statement that the scope of this new

These two operations motivated by the same cause have affected, according to their data, a total of 20 pallets of beers, an amount that "represents less than the total load of a truck".

Culture 2018.

On the occasion of the celebration of the XXVI National Congress of Friends of Museums, we visited the Museum of Huelva on the 6th of last May. This Museum, formerly known as the Provincial Museum of Huelva, was inaugurated in 1973, providing the city with a cultural space where

archaeological discoveries of the Huelva territory from the prehistoric period could be made known up to the last artistic manifestations already in the 20th century. , as for example, painting by Daniel Vázquez Díaz or José Caballero MuñozCaballero.

Sevillian architect Lorenzo Martín Nieto.

Fleeing from everything excessive in architecture, presents a harmonious building very Andalusian taste, with notes of mudejarism in the work of rejería and a landscaped access that according to the theories of The building itself of the Museum the moment would be a vegetal was due to the project of the screen to isolate the building and the works they contain.

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N E W S (II).

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Bury a mountain of glass.

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Costa Botija is one of the magical places of Gran Canaria where you can get to know the life of its first settlers due to the deposits that exist in the place.

Among the mountains of garbage, as a result of becoming a dump in the north of the island for decades, a giant mound of bottles, glasses and other glass objects that reach To this is added the beauty of almost to the sea shines in a a wild coast with unique sinister way. forms that has hardly suffered the hand of man.

Walking through the place is dangerous to the possibility Until we go up the coast, of nailing one of the broken where photography is glass, but there is no other apocalyptic and the choice but to cross the devastation covered any mountain range to reach the trace of life.

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sea.

Glasses of all kinds that flood everything for the citizen and business incivility, also for the complicity of an administration that for decades did not have environmental awareness.

Now, after staining the place irretrievably, work has begun to try an impossible: to return the area to its natural state.

San Sebastián, capital of glass 2018.

Recycling that materializes in the production plants of glass containers, specifically in the case of Euskadi, in Vidrala, in which the helmet from the empty containers, that the citizens of San Sebastián deposit in the igloos once they have fulfilled with their function of product conservation, they become the main raw material.

The Association of Manufacturers of Glass Containers (ANFEVI), has wanted to recognize the commitment of a Spanish capital with this material that its qualities

This makes it possible to manufacture new containers identical to the original ones through an infinite process that has deserved the greatest for packaging adds its recognition within the circular sustainability and its respect for the economy. environment thanks to a comprehensive model recycling.

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The glass in Museums: Nuutajärvi.

Our web

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June 2018

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Kaj Franck became famous as a glass and ceramic designer, but he also designed the Nuutajärvi Glass Museum.

The Prykäri Glass Museum, as it is known, is located in the center of Nuutajärvi Glass Village, on the banks of the Nuutajoki River.

The building, an impressive vaulted structure dating back to the second half of the nineteenth century, has been used for various purposes over the years, including as a brewery.

The Nuutajärvi glass factory was founded in 1793 and was the site of glass production for more than 220 years, until glass manufacturing ceased in 2014.

A great effort was made to turn Nuutajärvi into a tourist attraction in the 70s, when the name Nuutajärvi Glass Village was presented.

Although Kaj Franck, who was Artistic Director of Nuutajärvi Glass between 1951 and 1976, was not interested in the commercial aspects of this effort, he was In this capacity, he supplied interested in the idea of the employees of the glass having a showcase for the factory with his daily ration of historical Nuutajärvi around 5 liters of beer. collections.

The building has also been This resulted in the launch of used as a potash factory, a the Nuutajärvi museum metal shop and for the project. manufacture of molds and crucibles.

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The museum opened in May 1977. The following summer, Franck mounted an exhibition in the museum with everyday items, from toilets to weights for fishing nets, made mainly of glass by the local population.

The Prykäri Museum became part of the Finnish Design Museum in 2000, but retains the original format created by Kaj Franck.

It presents many of the glass -making treasures produced over the years in Nuutajärvi and offers a unique crosssection of activities in the glass factory, describing the history of the site for several centuries and the theory behind the manufacturing techniques of glass and showing examples of works produced locally.

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Recycling. New objectives of the EU.

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The Council of the European Union (EU) approved new legally binding recycling targets for member states until 2035 in the case of municipal waste and until 2030 in the case of materials such as packaging, plastics, wood, ferrous metals, aluminum, glass and paper.

EU countries will be obliged to achieve a minimum level of recycling and reuse of municipal waste of 55% by 2025, 60% by 2030 and 65% by 2035, reported the Council, which confirmed the agreement reached last February by the ambassadors of the Member States.

In addition, before January 1, 2025, EU countries will have to be stricter in separating certain textile or hazardous waste generated in households.

And before December 31, 2023, they must guarantee that the biowaste will be collected separately or recycled at the source, for example, through domestic composting, which is added to the existing obligation to separate paper, cardboard, glass, metals and plastic, the Council said in a statement.

The specific recycling objectives for all containers in general will be 65% by 2025 and

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70% by 2030, while for these two horizons specific quotas of plastic (50 and 55%, respectively), wood (25 and 30%), ferrous metals (70 and 80%), aluminum (50 and 60%), glass (70 and 75%) and paper and cardboard (75 and 85%).

The approved legislation contains mandatory targets for landfills, which as of 2030 will not be able to take care of the municipal waste that can be recycled, unless they are the most efficient in their management.

The agreement will enter into force 20 days after its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

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• Our activities.

Volume II — Number 111

June 2018

In this section we detail the activities which take place this month, corresponding to the cultural visits related to the glass and outputs that we as provided in the program CULTURE 2018.

• Cultural visits.

Vitreus Ignis is a firm formed by glass artists Mario Sergio Ramos and Mariana Midón, two excellent Argentine masters settled in Spain for many years.

As they indicate in its web page, the glass realized with torch is an old trade that requires many years of learning and perseverance to master This June we plan to make a the technique. new visit to the workshop that Vitreus Ignis has located in the Fusing and jewelry are also activities that Madrid town of develop in the workshop.

Valdemaqueda.

Together, these techniques offer a wide range of possibilities, which reflect in the different products they make.

The dedication to their craft led them to train in various schools such as the National Center of Glass, in the Farm (Segovia), the Fundació Center del Vidre in Barcelona, Corning Museum of Glass in the USA and different private workshops in Argentina, Spain and Venice (Italy).

• CULTURE 2018 program.

In this month of June we will visit the Prado Museum to see the exhibition about the portraits of Lorenzo Lotto.

portraitist.

But his expression of religious feeling is very personal: sometimes bordering on the Although he was one of the most humorous, it usually transmits an talented Venetian painters in the acute emotional intensity, even first half of the sixteenth century, more marked by the acidity and dissonance of the color.

Lotto was also one of the most peculiar, and his tireless itinerant These notes can also be seen in career marginalized him minor religious paintings, such as somewhat from the Venetian the San Jerónimo penitente school.

(Prado), a late work from 1546,

the greatest portrait painters of the Italian Renaissance.

The profoundly pious sensibility that emerges in his paintings is also manifested in the book of accounts (Libro di spese diverse) that he carried during the last eighteen years of his life (1538-1556).

This Venetian period was interrupted by new extended stays in Marche (1538-1540) and Treviso (1542-1545).

which Lotto painted for his friend Vincenzo Frizier, alderman of the Venetian hospital of Santos Juan y Pablo.

This important document, almost unique in its kind, provides abundant information not only about the professional practice of the artist and his social world, but also about his reflections and intimate feelings.

In 1549 he finally left Venice for the Marches, and lived his last years as a lay brother in a religious community in Loreto.

The compositional invention and the psychological penetration of his portraits, where the insinuation of a tense and agitated interior life is characteristic, make Lotto one of

Criticism, however, has been far from unanimous when it comes to interpreting Lotto's personality and his attitude towards the religious controversies of his time.

Lotto painted mainly religious subjects, but he was also a

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Page 22

The Vuelta in the MAVA.

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June 2018

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Luis Sainz de los Terreros, although at the beginning of the Civil War the castles "It is something that will were abandoned, and it was remain in the memory of the installed in the main castle a neighbors," added Perez, barracks. who believes that the event will mean "a great economic At the end of the 60s of the impact" for the city and will last century, the whole was make it "the epicenter of abandoned and deteriorated sport and specifically of until it reached an almost cycling". "all of Spain and all ruinous state.

On the occasion of this of Europe see the wonder of sporting event, the In 1988, the sixth Marquis of Consistory has foreseen that the city that is Alcorcón".

Valderas, Hipólito Sanchiz there will be an area with "This event has been and Núñez-Robres, decided various activities throughout achieved thanks to the to donate them to the City the weekend "so that efforts of sponsors, athletes Council of Alcorcón, which neighbors can enjoy and and institutions of the city," reformed them and gave celebrate this historic event, said Perez, who said it will them a new public use. which will project the city be the finale to the At present the big castle worldwide", highlights the celebration of the centenary houses the Museum of Art in City Council of Alcorcón in a of Los Castillos, which will Glass of Alcorcón and the note. be declared as Heritage Center of Support and Family Property (BEEP).

The mayor of the Encounter; the second castle municipality, David Pérez The construction of the houses a cultural center (PP), said during the palatial complex of the where courses and proclamation of the festivities Castles of Valderas -formed workshops on ceramics, of the neighborhood of San by three castles- was jewelery or photography are José de Valderas, that it is "a commissioned in 1916 by held, and the third one was pride" that this palatial the Marquis José Sanchiz de not recovered due to complex can receive this Quesada to the architect deterioration.

The Castles of Valderas de Alcorcón will host on September 16 the departure of the twenty-first and final stage of the 73rd edition of the Tour of Spain, which will start on August 25 at the Center Pompidou in Malaga with an individual time trial of about 10 kilometers

sporting event "of great international significance".

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Other trends. Africa claims its place.

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June 2018

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Now that Africa is opening up to the world, it is the turn of the world to open up to this continent, once considered distant and mysterious.

The African Passions exhibition, inaugurated in Évora (Portugal), reflects this need to change perspective through the works of 16 contemporary artists from the subSaharan region, which the label of "African artist" is too small for them.

The inauguration of African Passions - which coincided with the celebration of Africa Day and the opening of the Evora Africa festival, which until August 25 will bring contemporary African music and culture to the homonymous city of Alentejo - was marked by rain. The adversities of the climate, however, did not prevent the rooms of the Palace of Cadaval from being filled with visitors attracted by canvases and photographs that want to highlight the cultural diversity of the continent, although they are not always considered in line with the criteria of international art.

These works, according to the curators André Magnin and Philippe Boutté, are at the same time the fruit of the life experiences of artists in cities such as Kinshasa, Maputo or Lagos, while reflecting realities and universal dreams.

"If we all spoke the same language, we would have nothing to say," explains Romuald Hazoumè, seated at the table with a cap completely covered by pins and numerous necklaces that crowd in the chest. The Beninese Yoruba roots artist does not accompany the dinner with alcohol, because he ensures that he already has

enough energy. In the work he presents in the chapel of the Évora Palace, a kind of great god made by cut drums, the artist mixes questions of identity and aesthetics, innovation and tradition.

presenting my works abroad," he recalls. "It changed everything in my career."

"We are artists and period", ditch the Congolese JP Mika. "Of course, everyone has their way of painting, "It does not bother me that they but I do not think there are qualify me as an African artist. Not differences because they are at all. I know where I come from Africans." Of course, this artist who and where I am. I am in the world wears garish costumes of flowers and everything else does not equal to those of the characters who matter, "he explains. The alleged star in his canvases is considered dichotomy between African art and "universal". Spain, in particular universal art for him is a false Bilbao, was the place chosen for its debate "created by mediocre artists first exhibition abroad, in 2008. "It living in the West", often does not matter where you come accompanied by ignorance and from. What counts is the ignorance of the continent. "In New communication with the work. If you York they do not treat me like an are in front of my painting and you African artist, I'm Romuald understand, this is all that matters ".

Hazoumè and that's it."

Chéri Samba wears sunglasses to "I have won important prizes protect the blue eyes, even though it throughout my career, but this has is night and is in an interior room of not marked deep differences in my the palace. He started painting in life. If it had been a European artist, the seventies and initially only the impact would have multiplied by addressed local problems in his a thousand. A few years ago, Africa creations. "I do not consider myself was scared by AIDS, for example, an African painter, I am universal", nobody wanted to go. It was easier he stresses. "African art has gained to say that there were no African its place in world art, it is integrated. artists worth knowing. " I prefer that my work be seen without that connotation, since I But Hazoumè believes that this send a message to challenge the limiting perception is beginning to conscience of people wherever they change. The turning point has been may be. " the participation of African artists in exhibitions such as the Venice Hazoumè, however, knows that the Biennial or in important museums art world still presents too many such as the Guggenheim in Bilbao, obstacles for African women. the Georges Pompidou Center and Mahlangu, 82, teaches the art the Cartier Foundation in Paris, typical of his ethnic group, the from the end of the eighties. The Ndebele, in a school located in his Beninese artist made the leap to the world scene in the nineties, with hometown and directed mostly to women. the exhibition of his work in London. "I had never dreamed of

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Exhibition of Ismael Cerezo (Flippy).

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June 2018

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The Regional Craft Center of Murcia will host throughout the month of June the exhibition of fifty pieces of glass by artisan Ismael Cerezo, entitled 'A lust of light and color', which last May was opened to the public.

nuances and color are added to enhance their effect.

The general director of Commerce, Consumption and Administrative Simplification of the Autonomous Community of Murcia, Francisco The author, popularly Abril, attended the known as 'Flyppy', is opening of the exhibition registered in the Artisan and highlighted "his Register of the Region innovative commitment, since 1997. and his masterful combination of rough Of the total of high design materials, such as iron, pieces, ten are in large with other fragile, like format, twenty in medium glass. " and twenty in small format.

It has indicated that "we are before a self-taught Among them stand out artisan, who has based the living room tables his trajectory on the made of glass, although continuous they also include experimentation". sculptures of lamps, plants, animals or insects, In the work, the mixture to which luminous of tones acquires great

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relevance, and define a type of sculpture that is also characterized by its luminosity and its abstraction.

Cerezo has accumulated more than two decades of work with glass, in which it has chosen to combine this material with others that provide different features and possibilities.

The Regional Center of Crafts of Murcia, inaugurated in 1992, is a space destined to the sale of products elaborated by the artisan collective, although it also counts on a room of temporary exhibitions where their last works are shown, as well as an area destined to the winning works of the annual crafts awards.

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The art of glass in Oaxaca.

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June 2018

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In Mexico, the blown glass technique refers us to Jalisco and other states such as Puebla and Guanajuato, but never to Oaxaca. If we think of handicrafts, we relate this entity, rather, with the black mud of San Bartolo Coyotepec or the green of Santa María Atzompa.

However, in Oaxaca we also work with blown glass. Xaquixe which in Zapotec means "at the base of the mountain" - is a company that seeks to rescue this technique and positively impact the capital and the surrounding communities. How? Through the recycling of glass and the use of burned kitchen oil as an alternative energy source to LP gas.

factory, it is treated with a special formula that returns the brilliance and transparency, it is washed to remove all the impurities -labels, corcholatas, etc.- and crushed to obtain very small flakes that will later melt in a oven at 1,300 degrees centigrade. At that temperature the glass looks liquid! That's when they add a little color so that the glasses, jars or mezcaleras are not completely transparent, but have some blue, purple, yellow, orange, green or pink.

Xaquixe manufactured an integral system to generate energy with alternative sources to LP gas, from burnt cooking oil to solar concentrators.

The technique of blown glass is so old that its origin goes back to the year 1500 BC in Egypt, although its expansion around the world began in the Mediterranean hundreds of years later.

The master glassmakers of Europe arrived in Mexico with the Spaniards in 1553, specifically with the viceroy Antonio de Mendoza to Puebla, where the first blown glass workshops were established in the country. Then they expanded to Jalisco and the State of Mexico.

In the country, artisanal glass is made with traditional techniques such as blown, blown in mold, azogado, craquelure, pressing, In the workshop six teachers and grinding or nugget, painting and Since 2002, the Oaxacan Salime master blowers work that drawing, in which pieces of glass Harp and the American Christian learned from scratch the are usually added to the mix, Thornton - creators of Xaquixe - technique of blown glass, according to the Mexico decided to use as a raw material women and men who produce Unknown magazine. the glass that at some point between 700 and 800 pieces per Mexican blown glass - at least contained beers, soft drinks or week. the one made by Xaquixe - is other foods and beverages, and Although today they already already exported to the United from 2012 they began to use produce glasses, jicarones, States, France, Germany, alternative energies to reduce Belgium, Canada and soon to production costs and generate a garrafones, decorative items, tableware and bar objects, other countries. positive impact on the Xaquixe actually started with the environment.

Would you like to know how idea of offering mezcal-makers these pieces are made? Each The route begins with the glass containers that were also collection of transparent glass made in Oaxaca. Every year, for month, Xaquixe organizes guided tours of his factory in Magdalena and oil in some 70 restaurants example, they make Mezcal Apasco, departing from the and hotels in the Oaxacan Danzantes their Arte Mezcal capital of Oaxaca. capital and neighboring towns. bottle.

When the glass arrives at the

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Page 26

Blown glass factory in Argentina.

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June 2018

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A blown glass factory located in Ezpeleta, on the southern outskirts of Buenos Aires, preserves a thousand-year-old technique.

This is the cooperative "El Progreso", in Ezpeleta, Quilmes district, an establishment that preserves the ancient techniques of hand modeling of glass, techniques that are well appreciated by the most demanding markets in the world.

"The work is totally handcrafted, manual, this cooperative turned 71 on April 20. We never changed the system and we worked with cane, pincitas, everything by mouth, very, very manually," the man said.

the product for them only, but we demand that you take the total production of a shift of six hours of work," said the member of the cooperative.

The cooperative had times "of a lot of work" and others "in which it The cooperative makes its loosened up.The problem we products with the technique of have is always the fixed costs, blown glass that is preserved because the gas is spent the and passed from generation to same, and when we get off work puts us in trouble, because the generation. ballot is the same and can not be The production is artisanal, piece transferred to the price of the The products produced there can by piece, with a rigorous quality product, "admitted Ferreyra. be found in countries such as the control, by which, in case of United States, Cuba, Chile and having a piece with faults, it Now, between the increases of breaks so that the broken glass tariffs in public services and an Uruguay. returns to the mixture that enters opening of the import of In the 40s of the last century, a the oven, where the merchandise, the panorama is group of workers from the temperatures reach at 1,400 complicated, but the entity "gives historic Riogolleau factory, in the degrees Celsius. fight with the added value" of the nearby town of Berazategui, artisan work, said the decided to keep alive the trade "It is a kiln of almost 30,000 cooperativist. they learned from childhood, kilos, the main one, and there is when they saw that the artisan another one that is stopped, the "Some of them take many years, manufacture of glassware was work is continuous," explained and others, like in any profession lost in front of the automation and as in any profession, are Ferreyra.

'Maradona' and learn faster, but it processes.

"It is difficult for us to compete takes their time anyway. The way Thus, on April 20, 1947 was born against the machines, for the we have is to practice every day, the Cooperative "El Progreso", amount and speed they have, more in the more difficult jobs ". which since then stands out for but we try to compete with the producing fine glassware, quality of the glass, we have a "The job is practiced, you do not glassware for gastronomy, formula by which we get a very need to have studied, every day, lighting products, gifts and good glass." Automated practicing, you can become a companies also take out a very perfumery. blower", said the expert. good glass , we are even, but we RaĂşl Ferreyra, one of the Facing the future of the trade, are also dealing with the quality members of the cooperative, Ferreyra stressed that he "learns of the fine, delicate product, served as host during a tour of to love, many say 'glass runs fighting the market on that side, the site, in the midst of the through my veins', you have to "he explained. workers coming and going, and like it, it's a challenge." explained details of the "We make customized products, cooperative's history and current we have many customers who bring the mill, we manufacture affairs.

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China sets record of super thin glass.

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June 2018

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Chinese scientists have developed a super-thin glass with a thickness of only 0.12 millimeters, less than that of two sheets of printer paper.

The glass, manufactured by the Bengbu Glass Industry Design Institute of China's National Construction Materials Group, is the world's finest mass produced by the flotation process.

Cao Xin, a senior researcher, tested the product by dropping

a 55-gram steel ball from a meter onto the glass. The impact is equivalent to the force with which a car at a speed of 150 kilometers per hour hits the wall. The glass remained intact.

Super-thin glass is a fundamental material in the electronic display industry, and can be used for mobile phones, computers and televisions.

The thinner the glass, the

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better the transparency and flexibility, and the lighter its weight.

But glass is fragile if it is too thin. It is a challenge to achieve thinness and resistance at the same time.

Chinese scientists have been developing super-thin glass for more than 30 years.

Its success caused the fall of the prices of this product in more than 66 percent in the international market.

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Exhibition of scientific glass.

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June 2018

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The exhibition "Art and crystalline science" that is already exhibited within the framework of the Metropolitan Libropest 2018 at the UAM Azcapotzalco has the purpose of attracting the attention of the students, the general public, but above all of the universities on the technique of blowing of scientific glass, an activity in which there are few skilled exponents but very necessary in the field of scientific research and development.

research. We deal with scientists in areas such as microbiology, organic and inorganic chemistry, environmental chemistry, physics, all biological sciences in general. Also the food industry, the textile industry and others ".

The artist highlights how experts are needed for all research laboratories and also for the industry. "There is line material, but many of the researchers require special equipment that does not exist in the market.

They give us the sketch of what From May 15 to June 9 will be in they require and we do what the showcases of the building "L" they want, plus we also give them possibilities of adjustments of the UAZ Azcapotzalco the work of Rodolfo Soria Navarrete, to their designs ". who was trained in 1975 through For Soria Navarrete its activity is a program of the UN in the an engineering, but at the Mexican Petroleum Institute , moment it is necessary a because from that moment the specialized school, there are glass blowers scientists in the workshops in the UAM, the IPN field of the investigation were and the UNAM, however, there necessary and they did not exist. are no certifications, at the same "We were trained around 15 technicians in the IMP. They gave us a two-year, full-time course. And since then it has not been trained at that level, "explains Soria Navarrete.

"When people say blown glass people immediately refer to crafts, but the scientist is specialized. And it takes specialized labor. Researchers struggle a lot to generate their

time specialized teachers.

There is only certification of artisan glass blowing, but not scientific. Last year we tried to make a school-workshop, but as a large part of society, the September earthquakes forced us to leave the project for later, said Soria Navarrete.

The workshop in the IMP is closed, due to lack of follow-up, because in the eighties it was

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considered the best in Latin America. The Brazilians trained here and now they are the best.

And now they are also doing well in Argentina and Peru.

"I would like the universities to look at the needs of researchers in this area. It takes skilled labor as well as tools, because they are expensive. And that equipment is not achieved here, but in the United States and especially in Germany, which are the most advanced because they use it in their investigations, "said Rodolfo Soria Navarrete.

The exhibition "Art and crystalline science" is exhibited in the building "L" of the UAM Azcapotzalco and will be in view of all until June 15 as part of the activities of the Fifth Edition of the Book Fair and Cultural Festival Librofest Metropolitan 2018 that takes place at UAM Azcapotzalco.

On this occasion to draw attention, he made a representation in glass of how science sees different viruses such as yellow fever flavivirus, dengue and hepatitis "C"; rabies rhabdovirus; the togavirus of the blond, vericela and equine encephalitis; that of facial and genital herpes and several others.

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How does it.

Volume II — Number 111

June 2018

This month we include some pictures of the technique practiced by Silvano Signoretto.

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Documentary on glass.

Volume II — Number 111

June 2018

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An essay about glass and its workers, is what Temperamento proposes, the experimental documentary that will be known in the Argentine cinema El Cairo (Santa Fe 1120).

Peperino workshops of that same town, the School of optics of the National University of Rosario and the Provincial Museum of Natural Sciences Dr. Ángel Gallardo.

Its main objective is to be an instance of learning and training so that the directors of the province can explore the different ways of representing reality, examining their processes and reflecting on The film, first production of the styles, narrative and The screening will be with free Audiovisual Laboratory of expressive strategies, as well and free entry and will have Creation Documentary edition as the various structures that the participation of those 2017, has the support of the make up the documentary. responsible for the work.

Ministry of Innovation and Culture, through the Signal Soon the rest of the Temperamento, directed by Santa Fe program. documentaries that were Berenice Gáldiz Carlstein and worked in the Laboratory will Khamil Abdel Nazer and Temperamento is the first be released: Small museums, produced by Pamela Carlino, premiere of four productions directed by Agustín Sánchez is an essay about glass and its that took place within the Ordóñez and produced by workers: "An experience that Audiovisual Documentary Pietro Picolomini; Guide to associates fragilities and Laboratory of Creation, a plant the coast led by María resistances in things, words, proposal of Señal Santa Fe Emilia Cortes and produced by images and even in aimed at Santa Fe filmmakers Tamara Cordera, and Frankie ourselves", it is announced that seeks to expand the with direction of Betania through the press section. possibilities of creation and Capatto and production of Iván audiovisual production.

The experimental documentary Fund. was built from images in About the Laboratory Currently, Santa Fe Sign is glassworks and workshops in The Laboratory represents a evaluating the applicants that the Argentine province of contribution to the were presented for the 2018 Santa Fe: Vitrofín in Cañada development of the edition of the Laboratory that de Gómez, Flexiglass in Villa documentary genre, which has will have its formal start in the Gobernador Gálvez, the an extensive and valuable middle of this year. traditional San Carlos tradition in the cultural history glassware, the Peralta and of Santa Fe.

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Through a pink glass.

Volume II — Number 111

June 2018

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The chemistry teacher, Renata Reisfeld, of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, survived the Second World War, when she was a child in Siberia.

Solar cells, he explained, are prohibitively expensive.

Transparent fluorescent glass (reds are more efficient at absorbing solar energy) can concentrate incoming sunlight on the edges of the panel.

He was taken hostage in Entebbe in 1976, published 532 scientific articles and Therefore, solar cells should four books and traveled from only be placed around the Alaska to Tasmania. edges to convert light into electricity.

Currently, he continues to lecture and hopes to "In this way I need many commercialize his inventions fewer cells," says the that include a pink glass that professor. generates energy, a panel "It seems very simple, but it for sales and greenhouses took a lot of time to develop made of a nano material that and needed knowledge in allows the growth of plants glass sciences, fluorescence and generates solar energy. and nanotechnology."

Reisfeld was honored in the Reisfeld's invention is ready magazine "La for production and she is Luminescence" by twenty actively looking for distinguished colleagues marketing partners and from around the world in investors to make that honor of 45 years of happen right in Jerusalem. outstanding contributions in the field of luminescent Professor Renata Reisfeld inorganic glass, in other was born in Poland, grew up words, the optical properties with her grandparents since of glass. her mother died shortly after her birth. www.amigosmava.org

The family fled from Nazioccupied Poland to go to Siberia.

Renata did not have many opportunities for formal education, but she always wanted to be a scientist.

"I read a book about Marie Curie and that was my inspiration," she says.

Before emigrating to Israel in 1950 with his grandmother, after the death of his grandfather, he became engaged to commercial artist Eliezer Reisfeld.

At that time, only the Hebrew University and the TechnionIsrael Institute of Technology in Haifa had chemistry departments.

Wanting to live in Jerusalem, Reisfeld competed for one of the 23 spaces available at the Hebrew University and despite having come to Israel without knowing Hebrew or English, she was the first to finish the entrance exam.

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Painting with light.

Volume II — Number 111

June 2018

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If a person had to determine what could be the most famous stained glass in the world, several names would come to his mind, but in particular an image could be among the first to appear in his memory: the Holy Spirit of Bernini's Altar in the Basilica of St. Peter of the Vatican.

"We have worked in a private and public way, for churches, banks, singers, actors, for everyone," the owner told the National Catholic Register. "Not many people know about the field of glass art."

precision and apply the color to each piece, painting the different motives that make up the image.

"This is a very delicate process, because each error can be revealed due to the transparency of the glass," said Franco Galise, Giuliani said that one of the chief technical designer and son difficulties of his work is finding a of one of the workshop workers Located on one of the most sufficient amount of blown glass, who worked directly with Giulio beautiful altars, behind the main since the market is saturated Cesare Giuliani. altar in the largest of the papal with pressed glass of Chinese One of the recent works of the basilicas, it enjoys a special origin. workshop was the stained glass relevance within the impressive The pieces of the Roman windows of the chapel of the patrimony of the Catholic Church. workshop are made with University of the Sacred Heart in This work, like others located in German glass from the Lamberts Fairfield, United States. the Sistine Chapel and the factory, which produces panels "The superior craftsmanship and Chapel Redemptoris Mater were with raw materials such as sand, high quality of the colors in the produced in a remarkable limestone or even gold. art, as well as the efficiency in the workshop in the Roman quarter The stained glass windows are isolation of the cold are of Trastevere, which since 1900 made based on a palette of unparalleled," David Coppola, develops art in glass in a 1,100 carefully selected colors former Vice President of Strategic traditional way: the Vetrate d'Arte available.

Planning and Administration of Giuliani workshop. the University, told the National "When you build the image, you For 25 years, Elsa Giuliani has Catholic Register. must be very careful to achieve continued the family tradition harmony between colors," said "The colors bathe the white walls initiated by Giulio Cesare Alessia Catallo, a graduate in during the day, making the Giuliani, a chemist passionate Fine Arts and Metalworking who reflection of saints and angels about painting who associated has been working at Vetrate seem to undulate peacefully with his talent with his technical d'Arte Giuliani for 16 years. "It life, the general effect is of knowledge to achieve high quality takes a lot of patience." welcome, reflection, community pieces. and peace."

The artists must measure and cut the pieces of glass with

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Extension of the Glass and Crystal Museum.

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June 2018

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Since it opened its doors next to the church of San Felipe Neri, in the very heart of the historic center, the Museum of Glass and Glass of Malaga has kept alive the demand for its expansion for a greater and more appropriate exposure of its collection, the most important in Spain in its kind.

And it is now, nine years after its inauguration, when the project seems about to obtain the definitive green light: the Urban Planning Department is already processing the project of the architect Ignacio Dorao that will be added to an adjacent plot,

acquired by the museum owners themselves , a construction that will give the center more space and, incidentally, will revive the memory of a very sensitive and significant area in the historical identity of Malaga.

This was made public by those responsible for the museum, who detailed that, in addition to earning space for the exhibition of his collection, the extension pursued three essential objectives finally guaranteed: "Save the 17th century pottery kiln of the Chinchilla family, create a space public and free where you can

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comfortably enjoy the beautiful views of the church of San Felipe and, above all, try to preserve the spirit and history of our neighborhood.

The new adjoining building will be a modern construction of traditional inspiration that will rise on the same floor of the old Cassini corral and that will remember its past as a service house (which in turn was part of the main architecture since the 18th century. hosts the museum).

The expansion will host the more than five hundred pieces of Studio Glass, made in the 20th and 21st centuries.

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Friends of Glass and Surfrider Foundation Europe.

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June 2018

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Friends of Glass, the consumer platform that supports the consumption of food and drinks packaged in glass, has reached a collaboration agreement with Surfrider Foundation Europe in order to contribute to the development of activities that help to preserve the oceans.

quality or quantity, becoming again a container, at present its main component is the helmet from recycling.

That is why in the recycling of glass the role of consumers is key, but even if a glass container ended improperly in the ocean, or in any other point of nature, According to the latest survey by the fact of being an inert material Friends of Glass, 78% of would make it go away eroding Europeans have experienced a like any rock until it becomes the change in their own behavior and sand from which it was born, pay more attention to the without having produced any environmental impact of their kind of contamination that could actions. damage the trophic chain.

The collaboration between both organizations seeks to collect some 6,000 kilos of marine garbage in the coming months, which will allow the preservation of 300,000 square meters of beach.

It also aims to support the efforts of the Surfrider Foundation Europe to create awareness about the impact of plastic pollution, allowing contact with more than 5,000 European consumers.

In Spain, on May 18, San Sebastian hosted the III solidarity As a consequence, this change "After collecting more than 6,000 mosaic in glass, made in collaboration with Surfrider is sensitizing consumers to their responses in our European Europe as part of the European purchase choices. survey, we have been able to confirm that we are dealing with collaboration.

The same survey reveals that a problem close to the heart of An action that consisted of 73% of Europeans classify glass the people - said the general completing a mosaic with the as the most respectful container secretary of the European Glass help of citizens and in which with the oceans, and 78% Container Federation (FEVE), more than 2,500 people include this material among the Adeline Farrelly--. Whether it's participated defending the slogan preferred options when because of the memories of the '#YoElijoVidrio por un # purchasing their food and holidays in front of the sea, or OcĂŠanoInfinito'. beverages. the walks along the seashore, "From Spain we are very proud to In Spain, 84% of consumers say we all like the ocean, which is why we are proud to make this be part of this European initiative, that they take into account the donation to Surfrider Foundation the infinite recycling of glass possible impact of different Europe and we are delighted represents what nature has containers on the ocean at the time of purchase and more than that our collaboration can help in always been doing: repeating 50% avoid buying plastic-packed the efforts to protect our seas. " cycles in an infinite way and thus ensuring its perpetuity, for this products whenever possible.

Likewise, Farrelly has assured reason we have chosen the that people "are realizing that the Glass is considered one of the ocean, where life started, as an oceans are in poor condition." most sustainable materials that image that represents nature and "We are not paying enough appear in supermarket shelves our commitment to avoid its attention to the packaging as part of natural raw materials deterioration. " has indicated the materials we buy and about 8 such as silica sand, sodium representative of Friends of million tonnes of waste end up in carbonate and limestone.

Glass Spain, Karen Davies. the sea each year, it's not too Thanks to the fact that it can be late to act," he added. recycled infinitely, without loss of

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René Lalique on Casa Lis.

Volume II — Number 111

June 2018

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The Art Nouveau Museum and Art Deco-Casa Lis in Salamanca, a jewel of modernism closely linked to the art of glass, presents seven exclusive pieces by the jeweler René Lalique (18601945), which are exhibited for the first time in Spain with the collaboration of the Gulbenkian Foundation.

The name of the one considered as one of the fathers of modern jewelry gives title to this exhibition, in which his pieces "float" and shine in an atmosphere of darkness, which provokes a contrast that has attracted the attention of the headquarters of These pieces, in Lisbon, to the point of recognizing that "Lalique's pieces have never been exposed as well as they are here".

These are the words of the curator of the exhibition and director of the Casa Lis Museum, Pedro Pérez Castro, who stressed that the close collaboration with the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum in Lisbon will be the germ of a forthcoming musealization cooperation in the Portuguese

space.

Lis.

Until next September 16, visitors to this exhibition will have access to a tour of the creative career of the French designer, who began his career as a jeweler until he evolved to his facet of glass, all contextualized with rich preparatory drawings.

Before dazzling the world with his dragonfly with the face of a woman at the Universal Exposition in Paris in 1925, Lalique founded his own glass factory in the French region of Alsace, where he cultivated the combination of glass and colored lead with oxides, which was applied in miniature in the invoice of his jewels.

The vital relationship between René Lalique and Calouste Gulbenkian, framed in what is known as the Belle Époque that inspired the transition between the 19th and 20th centuries, is also reflected with explanatory panels in the rooms that host the original pieces, made with semiprecious and exotic materials such as amber, ivory, tortoiseshell, horn and motherof-pearl, among others.

The exhibition reserves a space for what today represents Lalique, which remains as a reference firm in the glassware and production of perfume bottles in France, in parallel to the traditional show window, whose flame make the descendants of the original master endure .

The curator of the exhibition has reminded the patron of the Casa Lis Museum, Manuel The favorite designer of the Ramos Andrade, as a fervent actress Sarah Bernhardt and admirer of the trajectories of the Marquise Luisa Casati, René Lalique and Calouste turned into one of the muses Gulbenkian, the latter of the Futurists and acknowledged as one of his immortalized in about a "obsessions" for the value he hundred works of different attached to the works that he artists of the time, derived in had been able to get from the its last stage towards the French designer and that now production of glasses , some of them also exhibited in Casa swell his Lisbon museum.

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“Universo Lis” in Valladolid.

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June 2018

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The good thing about art and carat exhibitions like this one called 'Universe Lis', is that without having to have lived in the XIX century (end) and XX (principles), we can move in time to contemplate how lived a bourgeois in those times, with its luxuries and with some pieces of incalculable value.

century with a central theme, pillar of the show as is the fun and entertainment of the bourgeoisie in the time of both Art Nouveau and Art Déco

The visitor can take a tour through various spaces with glass from the School of Nancy ("And there was light and color"), criselefantinas All thanks to the collaboration ("To the theater"), bathing between the Villalar-Castilla y beauties ("To the beach"), León Foundation, the Manuel objects of toilet and fashion Ramos Andrade Foundation, sketches ("In the privacy"), and the Salamanca City Vienna bronze ("Travel") and Council to bring these works of automata ("The best gift"). greater value to all Castilians Those who witness the and Leonese within the Art exhibition will be able to meet Nouveau and Art Deco authors such as William Museum located in the Casa Morris, who created the Arts & Lis of the capital charra, in Crafts movement in 1880. This which is one of the most recognized exhibition palaces is a boost to a resurgence of arts and crafts that were of Castilla y León. relegated to the background Transport the visitor by industrialization and the serial production of objects.

'Universe Lis' is a sample that is located in the exhibition Art Deco will also be important space of the Cortes and where to reflect a new society that you can enjoy more than sixty coexists with the machine in works from the permanent the urban environment. collection of the Art Nouveau The technological and Art Deco-Casa Lis development will be key with Museum in Salamanca with the first skyscrapers, airplanes the aim of transport anyone who witnesses the exhibition to or automobiles, advances another era through pieces of reflected in a style that reflects the speed, the machine and incalculable value. the joy of living.

Through these objects we can Six spaces: create a visual space to transport us in the late Under the title: "And there was nineteenth and early twentieth light and color" can be seen

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glasses of the School of Nancy made by Emile Gallé, creator of the school and the visible head of Art Nouveau glass with six clearly differentiated spaces within the exhibition.

The space called 'Al teatro' represents the work of a small group of Central European sculptors dedicated to the modern spirit that was the Art Deco.

'In the privacy' shows the relationship in the decade of the 20s between Art and Fashion.

'A la playa' extols the carefree way of the enriched social classes of the time.

'Travel' shows the taste of Europeans to meet Asian countries.

'The best gift' shows us a magnificent collection of dolls with porcelain heads equipped with automatisms and music and 'Painting in' Universe Lis' reveals the importance of this plastic art.

The exhibition is completed with the projection during the evenings and on the façade of the Courts of a promotional video of the Casa Lis Museum of the Salamanca capital in a unique collection that is worth visiting and enjoyed in equal parts.

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The Westminster Abbey.

Volume II — Number 111

June 2018

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Westminster Abbey will open to the public from June 11 a gallery that has remained closed for 700 years and offers a spectacular view of this London church that the British poet John Betjeman described as "the most beautiful in Europe."

ladder of 108 steps.

It is the first major development carried out in the abbey since 1745, according to the Rev. John Hall, local deputy, to the AFP agency.

To integrate the tower into the religious building, part of the 30,000 fragments of glass The Queen's Diamond Jubilee dated between 1250 and Gallery, named after the 1500, discovered during the celebrations for the 60th works of renovation of the anniversary of the coronation triforium, have been used. of Elizabeth II in 2012, was built in the thirteenth century to In addition to the privileged house chapels that did not views offered by the Diamond exist and has never been Jubilee Gallery of the Queen visited. . of the Church and the Palace of Westminster, it houses a Only television crews have museum on the role of the been able to record the royal Abbey in recent centuries. ceremonies from there, such as the wedding of Prince Among the 300 objects that William and Catherine will be exhibited is the Midleton in 2011. marriage license of Prince William and Catherine, the It is located in the medieval Liber Regalis, a medieval triforium that surrounds the English manuscript that interior of the temple, on the provides details for the arches of the naves, 16 meters ceremonies of the monarchy above the ground. crowns, weddings and funerals To access it, a tower has been - and the Altarpiece of built, with an elevator and a Westminster , the oldest

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representation of altar that is conserved in England.

You can also see a copy of the Magna Carta, or a portrait of Elizabeth II made on the occasion of his jubilee, as well as an effigy of the head of King Henry VIII modeled from his mortuary mask and another of Queen Elizabeth I ( 15581603).

"When a king or queen was buried, an effigy was created first of wood, then wax and then dressed in the clothes of the deceased," explained John Hall. This effigy was later placed on the grave or at his side.

The collection will open to the public on Monday, June 11 and the entrance will be paid, in an entrance that will include access to the abbey itself, without possibility of advance purchase.

The Westminster Abbey is one of the most touristic places in London, with more than one million foreign visitors per year.

Page 38

New London Glass.

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June 2018

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They work with light, glass and sound. They're called New London Glass. His artists have created what designate a Cabinet of Curiosities in a space both dark and captivating: the bell tower of the church of St. John's located east of London.

wonderful place with an evocative bell tower where part of the glass pieces will be displayed.

Twenty NLG artists come together in this exhibition, LightBox: Exploration in Glass, Light and other Phenomena.

Many of them studied, worked or continue to work and teach in London (Central Saint Martin's, Royal College of Art, UCL Institute of Education, Mary Ward Center, Richmond and Hillcroft Adult Community To commemorate the twenty College). anniversary of New London All these wonders can be Glass, leading members of enjoyed carefully from June the groups have turned to an 7, on the afternoon of its exhibition where their glass presentation. is the distinguished That same night, a protagonist. complementary sound Former colleagues and landscape composed of some recent artists will guest DJs will accompany exhibit together at St. John's the event. A bar will also be Church in Bethnal Green, in opened in the nave of the East London. church.

This neoclassical church, What is New London very close to the Bethnal Glass?

Green metro station, is a This fascinating and enigmatic exhibition is also extended by the staircase that overlooks the belfry and the North gallery, an area brimming with light and located above the nave.

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New London Glass (NLG), an organized collective of artists, was formed in 1998 with a common interest: making glass an art.

Since their first exhibition at the Candid Arts Trust in Angel, Islington (1998), they explore the properties of glass as a light-transmitting substance in relation to the space it occupies.

Contexts suggestive and different from those presented by galleries play an essential role, helping that light and disposition can be organized creatively.

NLG has curated successful exhibitions such as the Art platform at the Glouscester Road subway station, The Great Eastern Hotel on Liverpool Street and a wonderful show that in collaboration with Hungarian artists visited Budapest, Bruges and Rotterdam as well as London and Liverpool in the first decade of the 21st century.

Page 39

Economic war.

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June 2018

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Turkey's imports and transfer one day we will be without the money to local production." factories and production capacity, so that agriculture Is this a Turkish trend centered and other markets will also be This possibility was raised in a on Israel or is Turkey's closed for political reasons."

Knesset debate on relations economic policy toward all the And what about imports from between Turkey and Israel, countries of the world?

China or Korea and other during which this reasoning The member of the Knesset countries, which are also was expressed by does not have intelligence cheaper and could seriously Congressman Mickey Levy information, as he himself damage the Israeli market?

(Yesh Atid). He explained his says, but wants to examine the position to Arutz Sheva. precedents in the world, such "When we import from China and Korea, these are things According to him, the current as Italy, where the export of reality is that several Israeli cheap Turkish glass led to the that are missing in the local factories were about to dismiss collapse of the Italian factory, market, but from Turkey they workers as a result of cheap after which the Turkish factory bring materials that flood the local market due to the short imports from Turkey that acquired the Italian and then distance, the Israeli industry flooded the Israeli market. raised the price of the glass, which until then had been low. collapses."

He brought as an example the In his comments, MK Levy "Phoenician" glass factory in "This can also happen to us. praised the activity of Economy Haifa, where 240 workers had We may get cheap Minister Eli Cohen (Kulanu), to be fired in front of glass merchandise now, but in the imported from Turkey. future the plant will close and who "acted up to the situation prices will go up because it is and limited Turkey's imports in The same happened with the impossible to stay in this price one way or another by cement factory "Hartuv" in Beit imposing anti-dumping duties, range over time. " Shemesh. but that's not enough . That Beyond that, can we deal with can solve the problem of "If the Turks flood the market purely external products several factories, but there are with cheap cement, this plant strategically? new factories, "he said. will collapse."

"And this is the problem, that "We managed to stop some of Does Turkey consciously maintain an economic war against Israel?

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Page 40

Our Newsletter is worded in:

The Association of Friends of MAVA was incorporated on June 21, 2003 in accordance with current management.

June 2018

Castillo de San José de Valderas.

Avda. Los Castillos, s/n 28925 ALCORCÓN MADRID

The purpose of this Association is to promote, encourage and support many cultural activities, in the broadest terms,

When glass culture

are related to the mission and activities of the Museum of Glass Art Alcorcon.

Volume II — Number 111

Our goal is to develop and collaborate with other public or private entities in the promotion, protection and dissemination of art and culture.

Our members may be fees, benefac-

www.amigosmava.org • • • • • •

Presidente honorario Javier Gómez Gómez Presidente Miguel Angel Carretero Gómez Vicepresidente Pablo Bravo García Secretaria Rosa García Montemayor Tesorera Mª Angeles Cañas Santos Vocales Evangelina del Poyo Diego Martín García Francisco Martín García

tors, Full and juveniles.

José María Gallardo Breña