Ma Naw Hari - Chit tu yin tae tae ka kyunn

pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf

5011830509 rsufESmzkH;cGifhjyKcsuftrSwf .. .. .. xkwfa0ol OD;wifhvGif trSwf(605)? ok"r®mvrf;? (6)&yfuGufwdk;csJU? ajrmufOuúvmy/ ykHESdyfol OD;armifrsKd; aMumifESpfaumifyHkESdyfwdkuf xkwfa0jcif; yxrtMudrf? 2006ckESpf? .. .. v tkyfa& 500? wefzdk; (30)usyf

4

raemf[&D

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

5

6

raemf[&D

rdk;aumif;uif&JU vQdKU0Sufaom wHcg;csyfudk zGifhvSpfvdkufwJhtcg… cspfol&JU eHeufcif;ESif;pufawGeJY pGwfpdkaewJh aomhuav;wpfacsmif;udk awGUvdkuf&ygw,f/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

7

tydkif;(1)

(u) tJ'DaeYu uRefawmf aumif;uifudk armhMunhfaewkef; eHeufcif; rdk;aomufMu,fudk jcH&Hxm;wJh <u,fyGifhawGxJu Mu,fuav;wpfvHk; a<uusvmwm jrifvdkuf&w,f/ reufrdk;vif;vkdY jywif;aygufudk vnf; zGiv hf u kd af &m uReaf wmhw f cH g;0rSm ewforD;av;wpfyg; ikww f w k f xdkifaewm awGUvdkuf&ygava&m/ jrwfpGmbk&m;…/ i,fi,fu bGm;bGm;ajymaeus yHkjyifxJuvdk Mu,fa<u&if ewforD;jzpfw,fqdkwm wu,frsm;vm;/ wtHw h Mo rifwufrad ewJh uReaf wmhu f kd ewforD;av;u pum;p ajymw,f/ ]'DrmS &Si}hf ][kwf…} ]'Dbufcef;u b,folrS r&SdMubl;vm;…} ]udkodcFudk ajymwmvm;…} ewforD;uav;u vlrçav;wpfa,mufvdk rsufvHk;av;awG vif;oGm;NyD; cyfoGufoGuf acgif;ndwfw,f/ ][kwfw,f…[kwfw,f…odcF…odcFodkuf…} 'Dwpfcg rsufarSmifMuKwf&wmu uRefawmfyg/ uRefawmfhxuf BuD;vdkY uRefawmfu wav;wpm;eJY udkodcFvdkY ac:wJholudk uRefawmhf xufi,frSm odyfudk aocsmwJh rdef;uav;u ]odcF}wJh/ wu,hfudk i,faygif;BuD;azmfwpfa,mufudk ac:ovdkrsdK; ac:wm/ olYMunhf&wm ½dkif;pdkif;yHkvnf; r&bJeJY… aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

8

raemf[&D

]r&Sdbl;? udkodcF nuyJ c&D;xGufoGm;w,f} ]nu…} ][kwfw,f…} ]c&D;xGufoGm;w,f} ][kwfw,f} ]b,foGm;wmvJ[if…} ]tm…'gawmh uRefawmhfudk rajymoGm;bl;} aumifrav;u rsufarSmifMuKwfovdk pOf;pm;w,f/ awmfawmf av; Mumw,f/ bmawG pOf;pm;rSe;f rodb;l / uReaf wmfow d mu olu pOf;pm;aewJyh v kH nf; tawmfMunhaf umif;w,fqw kd mygyJ/ Ny;D rS olru wpfudk,fwnf;ajymwmvm;? uRefawmhfudk ajymwmvm; rodyJ ajym w,f/ uRefawmfu uRefawmfhudk ajymaeovdk ai;arm em;axmifypf vkdufw,f/ ]tif;av…odcFu udk,fvmr,fqdkwm odrS rodyJ/ od&if oGm; rSmr[kwfbl;…} vmjyefNyD…/ tenf;qHk; rBuD;bl;qdk olYxuf 14-5ESpf BuD;EdkifwJh udkodcFudk ]odcF}csnf; zdac:aejyefw,f/ ]aeygOD;…cifAsm;av;u b,fuvJ? b,folvJ? udkodcFeJY bm awmfvJ…} uRefawmfhar;cGef;awGu awmfawmfav; rsm;oGm;wmudk ar; NyD;NyD;csif;yJ owdjyKrdvdkufw,f/ 'gayr,hf aemufusoGm;NyD/ jyifvdkYr& awmhbl;/ olru uRefawmhfudk jyefMunhfNyD; jyefar;w,f/ ]&Sifua&m…b,fuvJ…b,folvJ…} uRefawmf&,fcsifoGm;&w,f/ ar;yHku uav;qefwmudk;/ 'gay r,hf uRefawmf pdwfvdkvuf&yJ ajzay;vdkufw,f…/ ]uRefawmhfemrnfu MoZm…aewmu 'DtdrfyJ/ udkodcFeJY uyf vsuf…} ]aMomf…MoZm…wJv h m;…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

9

][kwfw,f…cifAsm;u…} ]udk,hfemrnf…} ajymrnfvkyfNyD;rS rtlrvnfvkyfNyD; &yfxm;vdkY uRefawmf pdwf wdkoGm;&w,f/ ]udkodcFudk jyefajymzdkY ar;wm…} ]tif;av…odygw,f…tJ'gyJ pOf;pm;aewm…} wpfcGef;rS rcHyg/ oluyJ olckvdk pOf;pm;aewm wjcm;taMumif; r&SdovdkeJY? puúefYtenf;i,fMumawmh pum;qufw,f/ ]b,fvdkajymcJh&if odcFodrvJvdkY pOf;pm;aewm…} vmjyefNyD…/ odcF…wJh/ ]cifAsm;rSmu &mZ0ifvq l ;kd awGvkd emrnfawmfawmfrsm;vdv Yk m;…} ]rrsm;ygbl;…ESpfrsdK;wnf; &Sdwmyg…} ]ESpfrsdK;vHk; ajymcJh…} ]&ygw,f…odcFudk a&Taomh vmoGm;w,fvdkYom ajymay;yg…} ]bm…bm&,f…} ]a&Taomh…vkY… d a&Taomh…} ]a&Taomh…} ][kwfw,f…} [kwfrSmyg/ Munhfygvm;? vnfyif;u qJGBudK;rSmuvnf; aomh cavmufeJY aomhwHeJYudk avmhuufoD;vkyfNyD; qJGxm;w,f/ vufu hand chain rSmvnf; aomhcavmufwpfvHk;? aomhwH wpfacsmif;/ ajcaxmufu footchain rSmvnf; aomhcavmufwpfvHk; aomhwH wpfacsmif; csw d x f m;ao;w,f/ 0if;pufaewJh tom;ay:rSm a&Ta&mif aomhcavmufeJY aomhwHav;awGu vif;vufaew,f/ yHkpHwlawG? t&G,fyJ uGmw,f/ ajymNyD; vSnhfxGufzkdY jyifaevdkY ar;cGef;usefaeao;wm owday; vdkuf&w,f/ ]a[h b,fuvJqdkwm ajymoGm;OD;av} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

10

raemf[&D

]b,fuvJ…tif;…b,fuvJqdkwm ajymp&m rvdkygbl;? ckeu ar;ovdk bmawmfvJ vnf; ajymp&m rvdkbl;? ]a&Taomh}qdkwJh emrnf av;wpfckyJ ajymvdkuf… odcFodw,f…} ]aumif;NyDav…wpfckyJ usefygawmhw,f…} aumifrav;u uRefawmhfudk rodromav; rsufarSmifMuKwfNyD; Munhfw,f/ ]vQm&Snfvdkufwm}vkdY ,l&if &wJh tMunhf…/ NyD;rS tJ'D tMunhfudk ½kwfodrf;NyD; jyefar;w,f/ ]bmusefao;wmvJ…} ]udkodcFudk odcF…odcFeJY &G,fwlvdk ac:aewJhudpö…} ][m[…} aumifrav;u avSmifovdk &,fw,f/ uRefawmfuvnf; uRefawmhfa&SUrSm raxmfreef;awG jrif&if odyfMunhf&wwfwm r[kwf bl;/ 'gaMumihf wrifqufajymvdkufw,f/ ]rif;[mu r½dkif;vGef;bl;vm;? [dku rif;ac:&if OD;av;awmif ac:vdkY &wm…} aumifrav;u ycHk;wGefYjyw,f/ ]rwwfEdkifbl;…tusifhygaeNyD…} ]tusifhygaeNyD…[kwfvm;} 'Dwpfcg rsufvHk;jyL;oGm;&wmu uRefawmf/ 'gqdk 'Daumifrav; eJY udkodcFu &if;ESD;w,faygh/ uRefawmfeJY udkodcF ab;csif;uyfaevm wmyJ ig;ESpfausmfaeNyD/ udkodcFtaygif;toif;awmfawmfrsm;rsm;vnf; uRefawmf rod wJhvl r&SdoavmufyJ…/ olYudkawmh wpfcgrS rawGUzl;ygbl;/uRefawmf eJY rawGUcifuvdkY ajym&avmufatmifvnf; vGefcJhwJh ig;ESpfausmf uqdk 'Daumifrav; uav;yJ &SdOD;rSm…/ uRefawmf pOf;pm;&if; csm vnfrl;oGm;&w,f/ olu uRefawmhftar;udk ajzw,f/ ][kwfw,f…NyD;awmh odcFu ckrS 34ESpf&Sdao;wm? OD;av; ac: &r,hf t&G,fvnf; r[kwfygbl;} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

11

jrwfpmG bk&m;…/ aumifrav; qufajymwJhpum;aMumifh uRefawmfawmif tHhMo oGm;w,f/ uRefawmhfvdk udkodcFeJY t&rf; &if;ESD;wJhaumifawmifrS udkodcFtouf[m oHk;q,fausmfqdkwmyJ odwm/ olvkd 34ESpf&,fvdkY twdtus rajymEdkifbl;/ uRefawmf wtHhwMojzpfoGm;wmudk tcGifhaumif;,lNyD; olru ajymoGm;ao;w,f…/ ]&Sifuawmh emrnfeJYvdkufw,f…tHha&m…MoZm…wJh} uRefawmf &,fcsifovdk jzpfoGm;&NyD;rS rsufESmudk jyefwnfvdkuf &w,f/ 'gayr,hf bmrS qufajymvkdY r&awmhbl;/ a&Taomh qdkwJh aumifrav;u a&Ta&mifazsmhazsmhoef;aewJh um;wpfpif;ay: wuf oGm;NyDav…/ ]tHah &m…a&Taomh…wJ}h uRefawmfvnf; olr&Sdawmhayr,hf t½HI;ray;Edkifygbl;/ ol Mum;Mum; rMum;Mum; pdwfxJ&Sdwmudkawmh ajymjzpfatmif ajymvdkuf rdygw,f/ 'gudk Mum;oGm;wmu ckrS tdy&f mu xvmyH&k wJh nDnyD g…/ ]bmaomhvJ…bmaomh aysmufjyefNyDv… J } ]em;pGefem;zsm;eJY bmawG vmajymaewmvJ} ]bmajym&rSmvJ rif;yJ aomhqdk…aomhqdkwmu rif;aysmufae us ypönf;av? 'gaMumifh vnfyif;rSm qJGxm;ygqdkawmhvnf; r&bl;} nDnDu olYxHk;pHtwdkif; yGpdyGpdeJY a&&GwfNyD; jyef0ifoGm;vkdY uRefawmfvnf; vdkuf0ifvkduf&w,f/ NyD;rS… ]ck[mu bmaomhrS raysmufbl;… apmpmpD;pD; tdrfa&SUudk aomhwpfacsmif;a&mufaevdkY…} ]bmaomhvJ…} ]a&Taomh…} ][m…[kwfvm;…yGwmyJ…b,favmufom;avmuf &SdvJ…} ]tif;…tenf;qHk; aygifwpf&m0ef;usifaygh…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

12

raemf[&D

uRefawmhfpum;aMumifh nDnD rsufvHk;awG jyefus,fvmNyD; uRefawmhfudk rouFmovdk Munhfw,f/ tif;…tJ'Dvdk rouFmovdk Munhfazmf&wmudkyJ aus;Zl;wif&OD;r,f/ r[kwf&if tvum;ae tvum; &S,f,mvmcJGae&if ay;p&m bmrS &SdwmrS r[kwfwm…/ ]ajymprf; ighudk trSeftwdkif;…} jzpf&w,f/ uRefawmfvnf; wpfcGef;rS rnmrdygyJeJY…/ ]trSeftwdkif; ajymwmyJ…} ]bmaomhvJ…} ]a&Taomh…} ]b,fuvJ…} ]rodbl;/ udkodcFqDvmwm…} nDnD ckrS oabmaygufomG ;yHek YJ aq;ayghvyd u f kd aumufr;D n§&d if; uRefawmfhvdkyJ rMum;wMum; a&&Gwfjyefygw,f/ ]tHah &m…a&Taomh…wJ… h } aocsmygw,f/ 'Dwpfcgawmh b,folrS rMum;bl;/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

13

(c) oHk;&ufavmufaeawmh udkodcFjyefa&mufvmw,f/ tdrfwHcg;0 rSm qD;rajymcsifwmeJY naeavmufusrS… udkodcFtcef;bufudk ul; oGm;vdkufw,f/ ]vm…MoZm…nDnaD &m…} ]'Daumifvm;…'DaeY olwkdY*sme,fu azmifydwfw,fav…} ]]tm…[kwfom;yJ} nDnDu *sme,fwpfapmifrSm tvkyfvkyfwJh Computer orm; wpfa,mufyg/ uRefawmfuawmh ckxd ausmif;wpfzufeJYrdkY/ wpfcg wav azazwdkY vSrf;cdkif;wwfwJh tvkyfawGuvJG&if bmrS odyf vkyf p&mr&Sdbl; udkodcFuawmh tif*sifeD,mwpfa,mufyg/ ukrÜPDBuD; wpfckrSm vkyfygw,f/ t&rf;vnf; …vcaumif;aumif; &wJhyHkygyJ/ ]udkodcF…} ]ajym…MoZm…} ]udkodcFr&Sdwkef; {nfhonfvmoGm;w,f…}]} ][kwfvm;…} udkodcFMunhf&wm odyfpdwf0ifpm;yHkawmif r&ygbl;/ 'gaMumifh uRefawmhfxHk;pHtwdkif; olYudk ya[VdawG vkyfNyD; pdwf0ifpm;vmatmif vkyfzdkY qHk;jzwfvdkufw,f/ ]aumifrav;wpfa,muf…udkodcF…} ]igholi,fcsif;awGudk rif;u aumifrav;vdkY ac:vdkY r&awmh avmufygbl;uGm} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

14

raemf[&D

udkodcFu &,fNyD; aemufw,f/ 'gavmufuawmh uRefawmhfrSm ,Ofaus;rI &Sdygw,f/ a&TaomhqdkwJh aumifrav;vdkrS r[kwfwm/ ]udkodcFoli,fcsif; r[kwfavmufbl;…} ]r[kwfavmufbl;…} ][kwfw,f…'gayr,h… f } ajymNyD;umrS ydkifpdk;ydkifeif; &J&Jwif;wif;eJY ]odcF} ]odcF}eJY ac: wwfwJh toHu em;xJrSm axmfavmfuefYvefY jyefMum;a,mifvmvdkY ]'gayr,hf}…cHvkduf&w,f/ ]]'gayr,hf bmjzpfvJ ajymygOD; MoZm&…} ]olu udkodcFudk odcFvdkYyJ &if;&if;ESD;ESD;ac:wm…} ]'gqdk igholi,fcsif;aygh…} ]r[kwfavmufbl;/ olYMunhf&wm uRefawmhfxufawmif i,f yHyk …

J } udkodcFu ckrS uRefawmhfudk owdw& ar;w,f/ ]rif;u toufb,favmuf&SdNyDvJ} ]ESpfq,hfESpf…} ][if… 'gqdk rif;ajymwJholu ESpfq,fawmif r&Sdavmufbl; aygh…[kwpf …} ][kwfw,f…} udkodcFMunhf&wm apmapmu 0wfauswef;aus ][kwfvm;}vdkY ajzwmxuf pm&if tawmfav; pdwf0ifpm;vmyHk&w,f…/ ]NyD;awmh ighudk tJ'Dt&G,fav;u odcFvdkY ac:w,f…} ][kwfw,f…NyD;awmh usefao;w,f…} ]bmusefwmvJ…} ]udkodcFu toufoHk;q,hfav;ESpfqdkwm [kwfvm;} udkodcF uRefawmhfudk rsufvHk;jyL; Munhfygw,f/ ]rif;…tMum;tjrif&aewmvm;} ]uRefawmfawmh r[kwfavmufbl;} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

15

]'gqdk b,folvJ…} ]tJ'Daumifrav;…} ]bm&,f…olu…} udkodcF wtHhwMo jzpfoGm;yHkyJ/ ][kwfw,f…olajymoGm;wm? odcFu ckrS 34ESpf &Sdao;wmwJh} 'Dwpfcgawmh udkodcfu uRefawmhfudk rouFmovdk Munhfygawmh w,f/ ]uRefawmhfudk tJvdk rMunhfeJYudkodcF…} ]bmvdkYvJ…rvHkbl;r[kwfvm;…} ]rvHk&atmif uRefawmf bmrSrvkyfbl; udkodcF} ]bmrS rvkyfygbl;? ighudk yHkvmajymaewm wpfckyJ…rif; nDnDeJY wdkifyifNyD; pma&;pm;ygvm;uGm…} ]tm…jyóemyJ…} uReaf wmhAf ZD u at;wdat;pufaewwfwv hJ al wGukd ]qG}csif wm avmufuvJ&G if r[kww f mawGuakd wmh wefqmqif zJUG EJUG ajymwwfwhJ yg&rDawmh ygrvmcJhygbl;…/ ]jyóemu rif;paewmav MoZm&JU} ]r[kwfbl;…uRefawmf wu,fajymwm…} ]'DrSm…rif;udk igajymjyr,f…} ]ajym…tpfu… kd } ]ighudk odcFvkdY ac:wJh igeJY&G,fwlawGu ighudk toufutp trSefajymEdkifw,fqdkwm igvufcHw,f/ rif;ajymovdk 19ESpf 20 avmufu ighudk toufutp trSefajymEdkifNyD; ighudk odcFvdkY ac:wJh olwpfa,mufrS r&SdEdkifbl;…} ]uRefawmfvnf; tJvdk awG;rdygw,f…} ][if…awG;rdvsufom;eJYrsm;…} ]awG;rdwmu awG;rdwmyJ…jzpfaewmu jzpfaewmyJ…} ]bmjzpfaewmvJ…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

16

raemf[&D

]tJ'Dvdk aumifrav;wpfa,muf udkodcFudk odcFvdkY &if;&if;ESD;ESD; ac:NyD; vmar;oGm;w,f/ uRefawmfawmif Mum;xJu raeEdkif rxdkif Edkif? rif;t&G,feJY udkodcFudk ]odcF}vdkY ac:&vm; ar;rdvdkY rwwfEdkifbl;? tusifhygaevdkYwJh…} ]tusifhygaeNyD…} udkodcF rsufarSmifMuKwfNyD; uRefawmhfudk tpkeftqef Munhfjyef ygw,f/ uReaf wmh½f ;kd om;rIu uReaf wmhrf suEf mS rSm ay:avmufw,fvYkd xif&wmyJ/ ][kwfw,f…NyD;awmh…} ]Ny;D awmh…bmjzpfvJ…} ]ckrS…touf 34ESpf&Sdao;wm? OD;av;ac:&r,hf t&G,fvnf; r[kwfygbl;wJh…} 'Dwpfcgawmh udkodcF uRefawmhfem;uyfvmNyD; xdkifcsvkdufw,f/ ]rif;…wu,fajymaewmvm;…} ]uRefawmfu aemufwwfvdkYvm;…} udkodcFMunhf&wm ckrS ,HkoGm;yHk&w,f/ ]olu b,fuwJhvJ…b,folwJhvJ…} ]b,fuvJqdkwmawmh rajymoGm;bl;? b,folqdkwmawmh ajym w,f? olb,folqdkwm ajymjyvdkuf&if b,fuqdkwm odoGm;rSmyg… wJh} ][kwfvm;…b,folwJhvJ…} ]a&Taomh…wJ… h } ]bm…} ]a&Taomh…wJ… h } em;rvnfbl;xifNyD; aemufwpfcGef; xyfajymwmyg/ 'gayr,hf udkodcFtrlt&mu em;rvnfwJh trlt&mr[kwfbl;/ tHhMow,f qdk wmxufudk ydkwJhyHkpHrsdK;/ NyD;awmhrS olYacgif;udk tomt,mcgw,f…/ ]rjzpfEdkifbl;…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

17

olY rjzpfEdkifbl;u uRefawmhfudk jiif;wmqdk&ifawmh pdwfqdk;p&m aygh/ 'gayr,hf olYyHkpHu uRefawmfhudk jiif;qdkwmeJY rwlbJ wpfa,muf wnf; todpdwfuif;pGm a&&GwfaewmrsdK;eJY wlaew,f…/ ]bmjzpfwmvJ…udkodcF…} uRefawmhfac:oHMum;rS oltod0ifvmovdk uRefawmhfudk vSnhf Munhfw,f/ ]jyefajymOD; MoZm…b,fol…} ]a&TaomhwJh? a&TaomhvmoGm;w,fvdkYom ajymay;ygwJh/ 'gay r,hf olrSm wjcm;emrnfvnf; &SdyHkyJ…} ][kwf…[kwfvm;…bmwJhvJ…} ]rajymoGm;bl;? emrnfu ESpfrsdK;&SdwmwJh? 'gayr,hf a&Taomh vm oGm;w,fvkdYyJ ajymay;yg…wJh} ]rjzpfEdkifbl;? rif;awGUwm aeYvm;…nvm;…} ]reuf 9 em&DeD;yg;avmufrSm? ESif;awGwtm;uswJhaeYuav…} udkodcF cufcJyifyef;pGm oufjyif;udk csw,f…/ ]rjzpfEikd b f ;l …rSm;aeNy… D } ]bmrSm;wmvJ udkodcF…} ]a&Taomhu &SdrSr&Sdawmhwm…} ]r&Sdawmhbl;…r&Sdawmhbl;qdkwmu…} ]a&Taomh qHk;oGm;wm tESpf ESpfq,favmuf &SdNyD…} ]Asm…} 'Dwpfcg tHhMorifwufrdoGm;wmu uRefawmfyg/ aMumufwwf wJhol r[kwfvdkY ausmxJawmh pdrfhroGm;ygbl;/ 'gayr,hf OD;aESmufudk uysmu,m command ay;NyD; recall jyefvkyf&wm tawmfav; csmvnfvdkufoGm;w,f/ ]rjzpfEdkifbl;…} 'Dwpfcg rjzpfEdkifbl;vdkY a&&Gwf&wmu uRefawmfyg/ udkodcFu uRefawmhfudk Munhfw,f…/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

18

raemf[&D

]bmrjzpfEdkifwmvJ…} ]tJ'g vltppfqdkwmawmh uRefawmf aocsmw,f} udkodcFu jyHK;w,f/ ]rif;udk o&JajcmufcH&wmwmvdkY igu ajymrdvdkYvm;…} rajym½Hkwr,f… aeYvm;nvm; ar;NyD;rS ajymrdvdkYvm;wJh/ uRefawmf&,fyJaevdkufw,f/ uRefawmfu ti,fav/ NyD;awmh udkodcFMunfh&wm ckxd pdwfvIyf&Sm;aeao;ovdkyJ/ pdwfudk t&rf; wnfNidrfatmif BudK;pm;ae&yHk&w,f/ tawmfMum NidrfoufaeNyD;rS uRefawmhfudk pum;wpfcGef; vSrf;ajymw,f…/ ]wpfckawmh &Sdw,f MoZm…} ]bmvJ…udo k cd …

F } ]a&Taomhu oljyefvmr,fvdkY ighudk aocsmajymoGm;cJhw,f} uReaf wmf ou Yl kd wtHw h Mo Munhaf eqJ…olu jyKH ;w,f/ wu,hf udk pdwfvufNidrf;csrf;oGm;apr,hf tjyHK;rsdK;…/ uRefawmf pOf;pm;& MuyfoGm;&ygawmhw,f/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

19

(*) tJ'DaemufrSmawmh uRefawmfwkdY tJ'DtaMumif; xyfrajymjzpf bl;/ 'gayr,hf reufapmapmpD;pD; ESif;jrLawGMum;rSm udkodcF vrf; xx avQmufaewwfwmudk awGU&wwfw,f/ cgwdkif; &Spfem&DcJGqdk tvkyfoGm;wwfwJholu udk;em&DausmfrS tdrfu xGufwwfvmw,f/ uRefawmf odwmaygh/ ol…uRefawmhfudk r,Hkwpf0uf ,Hkwpf0ufeJY a&Taomh qdkwmrsm; xyfvmrvm;vdkY arQmfaewm…qdkwm/ cufwm u uRefawmfuvnf; udkodcFudk ]a&Taomh}qdkwm udkodcFeJY b,fvdk ywfoufaevJqdkwm rar;&Jbl;? vGefcJhwJh tESpfESpfq,fu qHk;oGm; w,fqdkawmh a&Taomh qHk;oGm;wJhtcsdefrSm udkodcFrS q,hfav;ig;ESpf &SOd ;D rSm…/ 'gayr,hf… rMumygbl;/ arQmfwJholqDawmh a&mufrvmwJh a&Taomhu uRefawmhfa&SUawmh qdkufqdkufNrdKufNrdKuf a&mufvmjyef w,f/ tJ'DaeYu uRefawmfu azazawmif;cdkif;wJh ta<u;awG vdkuf awmif;NyD; jyefvmwm/ ausmif;udk a&mufawmh ESpfcsdefawmif aemuf usaeNyD/ twef;xJ 0if&aumif;Edk; r0if&aumif;Edk;eJY pOf;pm;aewkef; cRicf eJ jyKwu f swhJ toHMum;vkYd vSnMfh unhrf ad wmh um;aomhvYkd xif&wJh aomhwpfacsmif;…/ vSrf;aumufvdkufwJh vufudk Munhfrdawmh aomh cavmuf wpfck? aomhwHwpfacsmif;ygwJh handchain eJY vufvSvSav; wpfacsmif; jzpfaew,f/ b,fol &SdOD;rSmvJ/ 'g ra&TaomhyJaygh/ 'Dvdk vlrsdK; ESpfa,mufrS r&SdEdkifwm…/ ]a&Taomh} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

20

raemf[&D

uRefawmfu EIwfu wtHhwMo xGufoGm;awmh olru armh Munhfw,f/ ]tJ…MoZmoD;…}wJh/ jzpfrSjzpf&av? oleJYawGUrSmyJ t"dyÜm,fjynhf0NyD; MoZmtmPmeJY jynhfpHkolvdkY t"dyÜm,f&wJh uRefawmfhemrnfu aysmhjyJjyJ tzktxpf awGeJY MoZmoD; jzpf&awmhw,f/ ]bm MoZmoD;vJ…} ]bm a&TaomhvJ…} pGmwmuawmh tawmfpGmr,hf yHkygyJ/ wpfcGef;rcH jyefajymaewm udkyJ Munhfav/ olu uRefawmhfemrnfudk zsufwm/ uRefawmfu olY emrnfudk olajymxm;wJhtwdkif; ac:wm/ ]rif;emrnfu a&TaomhyJ…} ]a&Taomhawmh a&Taomhaygh/ 'gayr,hf 'Demrnfu &Sifac:&r,hf emrnfrS r[kwfwm…} ]uRefawmfu 'gyJodwm…} ]rac:eJ… Y } ]'gqdk b,fvdk ac:&rSmvJ…} ]raemjzL…} uRefawmf &,fcsifoGm;&w,f/ emrnfav;u vSygw,f/ vleJY vnf; vdkufygw,f/ 'gayr,h… f bmvdkYrSef; rodbl;/ uRefawmfu ]a&Taomh}qdkwJh emrnfav;udkyJ ydkoabmusrdw,f…/ ]cifAsm;emrnfu vSygw,f…'gayr,hf…} ]'gayr,hf…bmjzpfv…

J &SifYvdkyJ vleJYemrnf rvdkufbl; ajymrvdkY vm;…} jzpf&w,f? vleJY emrnfrvdkufwmawmif uRefawmhfudk qJGxnfh vdkufao;w,f/ ]a&Taomh}qdkwJh emrnfudkyJ oabmusw,fvdkY ajymzdkY [mawmif wHkYqdkif;oGm;&w,f/ [kwfw,fav/ olYrSmu emrnf tydk wpfck &Sdw,f/ uRefawmhfrSmu olBudKufp&memrnftydkr&Sdbl;/ arG; aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

21

ordcif? auR;ozcifawGu wdka&&Sm;a&EdkifpGmeJY uRefawmfhudk emrnf wpfrsdK;wnf; ay;oGm;w,f/ ESpfvHk;wnf;/ ]MoZm}wJh/ uRefawmf Nidrf oGm;awmhvnf; &efu rat;jyefygbl;/ uRefawmhfudk rouFmovdk MunhfNyD; ar;w,f…/ ]&Sifu bmMuHaevdkY NidrfoGm;&wmvJ}wJh/ NidrfwmawmifrS tjypfu rvGwfbl;/ ]bmrS rMuHbl;…a&Taomhu a&TaomhyJvdkY awG;aewm…} ]a&TaomhqdkwJh emrnfu &SifeJY rqdkifygbl;qdk…} ]r&awmhbl;…tusifhygaeNyD} olajymcJhwJh pum;rsdK;eJY jyefajymwmrdkY uRefawmhfudk rsufapmif; vJhvJhxdk;ygw,f/ ]&Sifu tusifhyg&atmif uRefreJY b,fEScg awGUNyD;NyDrkdYvJ…} ]ckrS ESpfcgav…cifAsm;udk rSwfÓPfaumif;w,fxifaewm…} ]tif;av…ESpfcgudk bmtusifhygp&m&SdvJ…} ]&Sdwmaygh/ udkodcFeJY ajymMuwmu ESpfcgrS ruwm…} wrifajymvdkufwmyg/ 'gayr,hf uRefawmhfa&G;cs,frIu rSefuef oGm;w,f/ a&Taomh rsufESmuav; vif;vufoGm;ovdkyJ…/ ]odcFjyefa&mufNyD [kwfvm;…} ][kwfw,f a&mufNyD} tJ'D em;Mum;jyif;uwfp&maumif;wJh ]odcF}qdkwJh ac:oHaMumifh uReaf wmfvnf; avoHjywfeYJ ajzay;vdu k w f ,f/ olruawmh uReaf wmhf avoHjywfaevm;? qufaevm;awmif owdxm;rdyHk ray:ygbl;/ ]a&TaomhvmoGm;w,fvdkY ajymawmh olbmajymvJ…} ]ol uRefawmfhudk r,Hkbl;…rjzpfEdkifbl; wJh…} olr cyf,Jh,JhjyHK;w,f/ ]rjzpfEdkifbl;wJhvm;} ][kwfw,f… rjzpfEdkifbl;wJh? uRefawmfhudkawmifrS ppfaq;ae ao;w,f} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

22

raemf[&D

]bmvJ…o&JajcmufcH&w,fxifNyD;awmhvm;} ]tJvdk rajym½Hkwr,fygyJ…} ]tif;av…olxifrSmaygh…} uRefawmf rsufarSmifMuKwfNyD; aoaocsmcsm Munhfrdw,f/ aumifrav;u o&JeJYawmh rwlygbl;/ tawmfvSwmawmh aocsmyg w,f/ ]xif&atmif cifAsm;ua&m bmvJ…} ]uRefru a&Taomhav} ]a&Taomh aooGm;wm ESpfçESpfq,favmuf &SdNyDqdk…} ]urÇmay:rSm a&Taomhu wpfa,mufwnf; &SdwmwJhvm;…} olt Y ar;udk uReaf wmf bmjyefajz&rSe;f rodb;l / ol bm t"dymÜ ,f eJY ar;wmrSef;vnf; uRefawmf rodbl;/ urÇmay:rSm a&Taomhu ESpfa,muf&Sdawmhaum olu udkodcF&JU a&Taomh jzpfvmrSmrS r[kwf wm/ 'gaMumifh uRefawmf ajymvdkufrdw,f/ ]ESpfa,muf&Sdawmhvnf; a&TaomhwpfeJY a&TaomhESpfyJ jzpfrSmaygh? tJ'Da&TaomhESpfa,mufu wpfa,mufwnf;rS r[kwfwm…} olr uRefawmfhudk Za0Z0gav; Munhfw,f/ NyD;rS wpfudk,fwnf; a&&Gwfovdk ajymw,f/ ]wpfa,mufwnf;awmh wpfa,mufwnf;ygyJ…wpfb0wnf;yJ r[kwfwm…} ]bm…b,fvkd…} uRefawmf tlwlwl jzpfcsifoGm;&w,f/ uRefawmhftar;udkawmh a&Taomhu rajzygbl;/ ]&Sif em;vnfOD;rSm r[kwfygbl;}wJh/ NyD;awmhrS pum;qufw,f/ ]odcFu ck rsufrSefwyf&vm;} ][ifhtif;…} ]awmfao;wmaygh…'Davmufxd cHwm…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

23

'gvnf; olY[mol ajymwmyJvm; rodbl;/ uRefawmfjzifh em;udk rvnfwm/ ]bmvJ…bmudk ajymwmvJ…} ]odcFrsufpdav…} ]bmjzpfvdkYvJ…udkodcFrsufpdu bmjzpfvdkYvJ…} ]ckxdaumif;wkef;yJ…} ]bmjzpfvdkYvJ…taumif;BuD;udk…} ]]ol…udkufwmcJwma&m &Sdvm;? [dkav rsuf½dk;udkufwm? rsuf vHk; udkufwm &Sdvm;…} ]rodbl;} wu,frodwma&m? pdwf½Iyfwma&m aygif;oGm;awmh avoHu rmcsifoGm;&w,f/ 'gudk owdjyKrdoGm;yHk&wJh ra&Taomhu rsufapmif; xdk;w,f/ ]aeOD;? vdk&if;ar;r,f…} [if… jzpf&w,f/ olYbmomol ar;csif&mawG ar;aecJhNyD; uReaf wmfu rodawmhrS vd&k if; ar;r,fw/hJ apmapmuwnf;u vd&k if; ar;ygawmhvm;…/ ]bmvJ…} ]&Sifhtwef;u b,frSmvJ…} ]S-23 } ]uRwf…'kuy© J…wpf0*lBu;D …} ][if…jzpf&w,f…} MunhfygOD;/ olrsm;tcef;udk ajymyHkrsm; wpf0*lwJh/ tif;av ol ajymwmuvnf; rSm;rSrrSm;wm/ 'DoDa&wmawGu 0ifayguf xGuf ayguf wpfckwnf; &Sdwmudk;/ ]'g…rif;&JU vdk&if;vm;…} ]tHr,f…} 'grsdK;us em;vnfNyD; &Sufwwfom;/ uRefawmfhudk vufoD;qkyfeJY aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

24

raemf[&D

&G,fw,f/ xkvdkuf&aygh/ uRefawmfvnf; b0rSm wpfcgrS rcH&zl; awmh cHMunhfcsifom;yJ/ 'gayr,hf olru rxkygbl;? &G,f½HkyJ &G,f w,f/ ]'DrmS b0ifjrifrh aeeJ?Y &Sit hf wef; odxm;&if uRerf u odco F wif; vmvmar;vdkY &r,f 'gyJaygh…} ajymyHku…/ b,f&rvJ/ uRefawmfuvnf; MoZmyJ/…/ ]b,f&rvJ…uRefawmfu imformation awGudk tvum; ray; wwfbl;…} olr rsufapmif;vJhvJh xdk;ygw,f/ NyD; rJhjyHK;av;wpfcsufjyHK;NyD; ajymw,f/ ]&ygw,f…wef&mwefaMu;aygh…}wJh/ wu,fu olrqdkwJh a&Taomh&JU rsufapmif;wpf0ifh? tMunhf wpfcsufeJYwif wefaMu;u xdkufaeygNyD/ xl;awmh xl;ygw,f/ olr&JU a&Ttdka&mif tMunhfawGxJrSm bmvdkYrSef; rodbl;? MoZmqdkwJhaumif MoZmrJhrJhoGm;&wwfw,f/ Munhf&wm eu©wfawG ajymif;aeNyD xif yg&JU/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

25

(C) a&TaomheJY awGUcJhwmudk udkodcFudk jyefajymjy&if aumif;rvm; pOf;pm;&wm urÇmay:u tcufq;kH ykpmä wpfy'k u f kd pOf;pm;&ovdyk gyJ/ tajzrxGufbl;/ aemufqHk;awmh olar;rSyJ bmrSrjzpfav[ef arhae [efeJY ajzvdkufawmhr,fvdkY awG;rdw,f/ udo k cd F Munh&f wmvnf; bmrSreS ;f vdYk r&ygbl;/ ckwavm apmapm x vrf;avQmufwmawmif rvkyfawmhbl;/ touft&G,ft& wnf Nidrfwm qdk&ifawmh uRefawmf rtHhMoygbl;/ &ifxJu cHpm;csufudk odk0Sufxm;EdkifvGef;wm? xdef;csKyfEdkifvGef;wmqdk&ifawmh uRefawmf tHhMocsifw,f/ [kwfw,fav? uRefawmfu cHpm;csufudk xdef;csKyf& wmudk rkef;w,f/ 'gu twdkif;twmwpfckxdyJ aumif;wmav/ twdik ;f twmudk vGeo f mG ;&if &ifxrJ mS 'Pfjzpfwwfw,fvYkd uReaf wmf u odxm;w,fav…/ wpfnaerSm nDnDu bmudk awG;rdw,frodbl;/ uRefawmfhudk ajymvmw,f/ ]MoZm…} ]bmvJ…} ]igwdkY udkodcFudk ac:NyD; wpfae&m&moGm;&atmif} ]b,fae&mvJ…bmvkyfzdkYvJ} cgwdkif;vnf; uRefawmfwkdY oHk;a,mufu tm;&iftm;ovdk ½kyf&SifxGufMunhfwm? pwdwf½dI;oGm;wm? wpfckckxGufpm;wm vkyf wwfygw,f/ 'gawmif rvkyfjzpfwm tawmfMumoGm;NyDqdkwm nDnD aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

26

raemf[&D

ajymrS owd&w,f/ ]ae&muawmh rif;pOf;pm;uGm…} ]½kyf&SifrMunhfcsifbl;} ]'gqdk wpfckck oGm;pm;NyD; jyefwmaygh} nDnDu uRefawmfh&JU rwuf<urIudk MunhfNyD; pdwfysufvufysuf yHkeJY ajymygw,f/ trSefu uRefawmfvnf; ysif;aewmyg/ bmvkyf& rvJ pOf;pm;aewkef; nDnDu tqdkwifoGif;vmwm jzpfw,f/ ]'gqdk…rif;…udkodcFudk oGm;ac:av…oltm;&JUvm;vdkY…} uReaf wmfph um;tqH;k rSm nDnu D wpfzufcef;udx k ul;oGm;w,f/ uRefawmfuawmh tawG;e,fcsJUaerdw,f/ uRefawmfwkdY wpfae&m&m wpfcck k oGm;pm;Mu&if; pum;awG ajymMu&if…/ a&Taomh taMumif;yg vmcJh&if…/ b,fvdkajz&&if aumif;rvJ qdkwmawGaygh/ nDnDhudk awmifrS ausmif;rSm a&TaomheJY awGUwm rajymjyrdao;bl;/ rqufpyf wma&m…/ nDnu D a&TaomheYJ oufqikd o f l r[kww f maMumifah &m…/ ]jrefjrefvkyf…MoZm…udkodcFu tqifoifhyJwJh} ][if…jrefvu kd w f m…} ]jrefqdk…olu b,foGm;&aumif;rvJ pOf;pm;aewmudk;…} ]tJ'DxJrSm igwdkYeJY tjyifxGufzdkY plan rygbl; r[kwfvm;} ]ta&;xJ…MoZm…rif; b0ajymif;oGm;NyDvm;? 'ga,mufsm;awG tvkyfr[kwfbl;…rdef;rawG tvkyf…} nDnDhpum;aMumifh uRefawmf &SufoGm;rdw,f/ uRefawmfu udkodcFudk wjcm;bmawG vkyfcsifaevJ rodbl;/ Oyrm a&Taomhudkrsm; &SmzdkY xGufrvdkYvm; pojzifh awG;ay;xm;wJholqdkawmh 'Dpum;rsdK; xGufoGm;rdwmyg/ Mum;&oltzdkYuawmh em;Mum;jyif;uyfp&maygh/ uRefawmf ajz&Sif;aerS ½IyfrSmpdk;wmeJY t0wfxvJNyD; vdkufcJh vdkufw,f/ Taxi ay:a&mufawmhrS ar;&w,f/ ]b,foGm;rSmvJ} ]feel udkav…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

27

]aumif;om;yJ…} uReaf wmfwYdk um;ay:rSm tEÅ&m,fuif;wJt h aMumif;t&mawGukd ajymjzpfMuw,f/ ckwavm tat;ayghvmwm/ vGefcJhwJh ESpf&ufu tcsdefr[kwfbJ rdk;&Gmcswm/ uRefawmfwkdY vrf;xJu a,mufsm;vsm rav; a,mufsm;aemuf vdkufajy;oGm;wm pojzifhaygh/ bmrS ta& r& tzwfr&wJh pum;awGudk Taxi armif;wJhol yg0ifajymEdkifatmif tvkt,uf ajymjzpfMuw,f/ feel a&mufvdkY xrif;ppm;awmhrS pum;u vrf;aMumif; ajymif; oGm;w,f/ ig;ovJxdk;udk <uyfaeatmif aMumfxm;wJh ig;aMumfudk 0g;&if; udkodcFu pum;wpfcGef;udk qdkw,f/ ]a&Taomhu ig;ovJxdk;aMumf BudKufw,f}wJh/ olajymyHku todrJhovdk r[kwfbl;/ ododrdrdBuD;udk ajymwm/ a&TaomheJY odyf&if;ESD;uRrf;0ifrI r&SdwJh nDnDu uRefawmfhudk rsufpypf jyw,f bmvJ aygh/ uRefawmfhrSmom 'ku©a&mufwmyg/ tif;…[kwf vm;vdkYyJ follow vdkuf&rvm;? rodovdk vkyfae&rvm; rodwmygyJ/ bmudkrS odyfodrxm;wJh nDnDuawmh rodromuae ododomom ar;ygawmhw,f/ ]b,fu a&TaomhvJ…udkodcF…} ][kw d pfcg udo k cd u F kd vm&Smw,fqw kd ma&m igawmif rif;udk ajym ygao;w,f/ tHha&m…a&TaomhwJh…qdkwmav…} ]aMomf…rSwrf Nd yD…rSwrf Nd yD…} [kwfr[kwf rodbl;/ nDnDu twif;udk rSwfrdypfvdkufawmhwm yJ…/ 'gayr,hf udkodcFu 0ifjiif;w,f/ ]r[kwfbl;/ tJ'Da&Taomh r[kwfbl;…} ]'gjzifh b,fu a&TaomhvJ…} ]t&ifu udk,hfoli,fcsif; a&Taomh…} ]tJ'Daumifrav;uvnf; a&Taomh…udkodcFoli,fcsif;uvnf; a&Taomh [kwfvm;…tHha&m…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

28

raemf[&D

nDnDu tHhMoyHkESifh ajym\/ uRefawmfuawmh 'Da&Taomhqdkaom emrnfudk rtHhMoawmhyg/ uRefawmf ckrS wtHhwMood&wmu ol ajymcJhwJh r&Sdawmhbl; qdkwJh ]a&Taomh}[m olYoli,fcsif;qdkwmyif…/ ]a&Taomhu udkodcFoli,fcsif;…} ][kwfw,f? qHk;oGm;wJh a&Taomhudk ajymwm} ]tck a&Taomhuvnf; udkodcFudk &G,fwloli,fcsif;vdk oabm xm;aeyHyk gyJ…} udkodcFtMunhfawGu wpfrsdK;jzpfoGm;w,f/ NyD;rS… ]rif;…oleJY xyfawGUao;vm;…MoZm…} ][kwfw,f…udkodcF…uRefawmf arhaewmeJY ckrS pum;pyfrdNyD; jyefawG;rdvdkY…} udkodcF udkifxm;wJh cuf&if;eJY ZGef;udk vTwfcsvdkufNyD; MoZm vuf armif;udk vSrf;udkifw,f/ ]b,frSmawGUwmvJ MoZm…ajymprf;ygOD;…} ]ausmif;rSm…} ]rif;wkYdausmif;rSm…olu…} ]bmwufvJawmh rodbl;udkodcF? jzpfEdkifwmu 'Dyvdkrm wpfckck yJjzpfr,f…} ]xm;yg…olYudk tjrJawGUvm;} ]tjrJ…rawGUygbl;? wpfcgvm; awGUwm…wpfckawmh &Sdw,f…} ]bmwJhvJ…bmwpfckvJ…} udkodcFudk,fpm; nDnDu 0ifar;w,f/ ]olu uRefawmhftwef;udk ar;oGm;w,f…} ]bmvkyfzdkYvJ…} udkdcFu tm;wufoa&m MunhfaeqJ nDnDu r,HkouFmovdk ar;w,f/ ]twef;odxm;awmh odcFtaMumif; vmar;vdkY&wmaygh wJh} ]odcF…wJh…[kwv f m;…udkodcFudk ac:wm…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

29

ckrS Mum;zl;wJh nDnDu wtHhwMo…/ ][kwfy…igawmif raeEdkifrxdkifEdkif ajymvdkufao;w,f/ 'gay r,hf iwdrav;u bmjyefajymw,frSwfvJ…} ]bmajymvJ…} ]r&awmhbl;…tusifhygaeNyD…wJh} ]tusifhygaeNyD…[kwfvm;…udkodcFi,foli,fcsif;vm;} ]r[kwfbl;} 'gudk 0ifajzwmu udkodcFudk,fwdkifygyJ…/ ][if…apmapmu ajymawmh oli,fcsif;qdk…} ]oli,fcsif;qdkwmu t&ifu a&Taomhudk ajymwm cka&Taomh awmh igrodbl;} rodbl;om ajymwm/ olYrsufESmu olodwm ,HkMunfwmawGudk azmfjyaeovdkyJ/ ]'gqdk ckaumifrav;u bmvJ udkodcF} uRefawmf wrifwumyJ ar;vdkufygw,f/ udkodcF csufcsif; rajzEdkifbl;/ tajz&cufaewm? tajz& usyfaewmrsdK; r[kwfbl;/ bmajz&rSef;udk rodwm jzpfyHkyJ/ tcsdefwcsdKUudk zJhpm;NyD;rS olu tajz ay;w,f/ ]a&Taomhwu,fjyefvmwmvm; rodbl;…}wJh/ olY&JU tajzpum;rSm wkefvIyfoGm;&wmu oludk,fwdkifwifu yHk ray:ygbl;/ uRefawmfeJY nDnDyg ygyHk&w,f/ 'gqdk a&Taomh[m aoNyD;rS jyefvmw,fqdkwJh oabmaygh/ 'DavmurSm aoNyD;rS jyef vmwm[m 0dnmOfr[kwf&if vl0ifpm;yJjzpfzdkY &Sdawmhwmaygh/ 'grsdK; u Mum;zl;em;0om &Sdwm? pmtkyfawGxJrSmwif zwfzl;wm/ wu,f vufawGUrSmu wpfcgrS rawGUzl;ao;bl;…/ ]'g…'gqd… k } ta&;xJ nDnDu pum;xpfaeao;w,f/ 'gaMumifh uRefawmf uyJ yHkrSefavoHeJY xdef;ar;vdkufw,f/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

30

raemf[&D

]'gqdk a&Taomhqdkwmu jyef0ifpm;NyD; arG;vmwmrsdK;aygh} ]tif;…} ckeu jyefvmwmvm; rodbl;vkdY Za0Z0gavoHeJY ajzcJhwJh udkodcFu ckawmhvnf; ]tif;}wJh/ twdtus tcdkiftrmBuD;…/ ]udkodcFu tJ'DjzpfpOfawGudk vufcHvdkYvm;…} ]vufcHygw,f…vufcHw,f…} ]vufcHw,fqdkwmu…} ]tJ'D reincarnation process udk ajymwm…} ]pmtkyfawGt&vm;? jrifawGU&rIaum &Sdovm;} uRefawmhfar;cGef;u interviewer rsm; qefvmovm; rodbl;/ nDnDu xyfaxhaxh jyHK;NyD; vSrf;Munhfw,f/ ]pmawGUa&m…vufawGUa&m qdkygawmh/ bmvdkYvJqdkawmh 'D reincarnation udk Ak'¨bmomt&wif vufcHxm;wm r[kwfbl;? odyÜH ynmuvnf; vufcHxm;w,f…} ][kwfw,ftpfudk…uRefawmfwkdY oifae&wJh pmawGudkawmif ygarmu©u wpfcgwav Buddhism eJY wJw G jGJ yw,f? OyrmAsm… Quartz awG oif&if; &yfjypf&pS yf g;wkYd Tao wdYk &Dcsi;f wdx Yk u J yguG…64uGuw f eYdk YJ compare vkyfjy&Sif;jywmrsdK;…NyD;awmh 'D molecules awG&JU a&GUvsm; rI… 'g[m reincarnation jzpfpOfudk tajccHusus &Sif;jyvdkY &w,fvdkY ajymzl;w,f…} ]'gaygh…} tvum;ae&if; uRefawmfwkdY pum;0dkif;u a&TaomhxHrS a&GU avsmoGm;cJh&onf/ odyÜH\ oabmw&m;? Buddhism \ tESpfom&? &SmazGawGU&SdNyD[k oufaojyEdkifcJhNyDjzpfaom tcsufwcsdKU? Zen Buddhism taMumif;? Taoism taMumif;? Hinduism taMumif; pHkae awmhonf/ Mumvmawmh nDnDu rsufarSmifMuKwfum acgif;cg\/ 'gudk uRefawmfu em;vnfaomfvnf; udkodcFu em;rvnf/ ]bmjzpfvdkYvJ nDnD…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

31

32

raemf[&D

]aMomf…ab; pifxGufaewm rsm;vdkYyg…} ]rif;u tESpfrS rodwmudk;…} uRefawmfu udkodcFudk tm;emí 0ifajymvdkuf&onf/ nDnDu &,fonf/ ]tESpf…[kwfvm;? tJ'DtESpfu igeJYvnf; rqdkifygbl;/ igu avhvmoloufoufyg/ 'gayr,hf avmavmq,fpum;vrf;aMumif; u vdk&if; ra&mufvkdY ajymaewm…} xdktcgusrS udkodcFu oabmuspGm &,f\/ ]uJyg… vdk&if; ajymjyyghr,f/ cufwmu ]vl}qdkwmuvnf; Za0Z0geJo Y yd Nf y;D jywfom;wwfwhJ owå0gawGrS r[kww f m/ ckyJ Munh?f odyÜHeJYa&m? bmomw&m;eJYa&m? tawGUtMuHKeJYa&m? tm;vHk; ,SOfxdk; qHk;jzwfcsifao;wmav…} ][kwfygw,f…} ]a&Taomhu raocsif…ighudk rSmoGm;w,f? ]odcFqD qufquf jyefvmcJhygr,f…wJh} wu,fawmh 'g[m vkd&if; tajzwpfck r[kwfao;ygbl;/ 'gay r,hf…pOf;pm;p&mawmh &oGm;wmaygh/ a&Taomh[m wu,fyJ jyefvm wmvm;aygh/ wpfcgwpfcgus tJvdk tjypfuif;wJh ykpämawGeJY ae&wm aysmfp&maumif;ygw,f/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

33

(i) wpfb0jcm;oGm;wJh xd? uwdtwdkif; udkodcFqD jyefvmw,f qdk wm enf;wJh oHa,mZOf? tpJGtvrf;rS r[kwfwm/ 'gqdk a&TaomheJY udkodcFu bmvJ/ armifESrawGawmh r[kwfwm aocsmw,f/ bmvdkY vJqdkawmh olYqDu olYrdom;pk Album awGxJrSm aumifrav; wpfa,mufrS rawGUzl;wm aocsmwmudk;/ 'gqdk bmvJ…/ cspfolawG vm;? 'gvnf; raocsmbl;/ ckacwfom 14^5ESpfavmufeJY pdwfawG upm;Muwm/ udkodcFwkdYacwfavmufuqdk 'Dt&G,fu aqmhaumif; wkef;/ olwkdYbmomolwkdYawmif rodvdkufwJh cspfjcif;arwåmrsm;vm;? bk&m;…bk&m;…/ 'gqdk&if aocsmwmu a&Taomh[m udkodcFqDudk cspfjcif;awGeJY jyefvmwmaygh/ tawG;eJYtwl uRefawmhf&ifawG [if;vif; yGifhxGufoGm;ovdk cHpm;vdkuf&w,f/ [mwmwmBuD;/ wu,fqdk bmqdkifvdkYvJ/ bmrS rqdik b f ;l ? pawGUwnf;u ]odcaF &m}vdYk ar;Ny;D a&mufvmwJh rde;f uav; udk uRefawmf bmrS vufcHawG;awmp&mtaMumif; r&Sdbl;/ 'gayr,hf tHhMop&myJ/ ckrS aocsmoGm;w,f/ uRefawmhf&ifxJrSm aomhuav; wpfacsmif; &Sdaew,f/ cufwmu tJ'aD omhuav;u ydik &f iS &f &dS mudk vmwm/ tJ'yD ikd &f iS f uvnf; 'Db0u ydkif&Sifr[kwfbl;/ t&ifb0uwJh/ uRefawmf rsufpd pHkrSdwfjiif;ypfvdkufNyD; 'Daomhuav;udk aumufodrf;&atmifuvnf; rjzpf…/ ]MoZm…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

34

raemf[&D

tem;rSm vmuyfac:wJh udkodcFtoHaMumifh uRefawmf qwfceJ jzpfoGm;&w,f/ jzpfrSmaygh/ awG;aewmudku oleJY olY&JU a&Taomhav; taMumif;udk;…/ ]vm…udo k cd …

F xdik f…} uRefawmhftdrfxJrSm qdkawmh uRefawmfu {nhfcH&w,f/ uRefawmfu ckwifay:rSm arSmufvsufom; awG;aewm/ ola&muf vmawmh xxdkifNyD; ae&may;&w,f/ ]&w,f…MoZm…rif;[mu tdyfaewmvm;} ]r[kwfbl;/ arSmufpOf;pm;w,f? vSefpOf;pm;w,fqdkwm Mum; zl;w,f r[kwfvm;? uRefawmf practical qif;Munhfaewm…} ]rif; arSmufvSefpOf;pm;ae&avmufatmif rif; professor u rif;udk bmawGrsm; pm;vdkufjyefNyDvJ…} ]rpm;ygbl;…wjcm;taMumif;yg} ]tHr,f…w,f[kwfygvm;…b,fvdktaMumif;vJ…} ]aumifrav;wpfa,muftaMumif;…} ][…[kwfvScsDvm;} uRefawmhfpum;aMumifh udkodcF wtHhwMoeJY csD;usL;w,f/ tJ'D aumifrav;u ]a&Taomh}qd&k if ol'v D kd axmyemjyKEikd yf ghrvm; pOf;pm; p&myJ/ ]'DvdkygyJ udkodcF&m…'Dt&G,fusrS tNrD;rayguf&if bmarsmuf vJ jzpfoGm;rSmaygh? udkodcFvnf; aygufcJhwmyJ r[kwfvm;…} udkodcFu &,fw,f/ ]aygufvm; raygufcJhbl;vm;awmif rodawmhygbl; MoZm&m…} wJh/ olYpum;u bmt"dyÜm,fvJ/ ckxd olYbmomol tNrD;aygufrayguf rodao;? tcspfudk rawGU ao;wmvm;? 'grSr[kwf aygufaewmudk rodvdkufvdkY aemufus oGm;wmvm;/ bmrSef;udkawmh oludk,fwdkifrS odrSmygyJ/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

35

]udkodcFu cspf&r,hfol r&Sdbl;aygh…} ]cspf&r,hfol [kwfvm;…} ]tif;av…} ]&Sw d maygh…} ][kwfvm;…'gqdk bmvdkY ckxd r,lao;wmvJ} ],lvdkYrS r&wm…} ]tdrfu oabmrwlvdkYvm;…} ]r[kwfbl;…qHk;oGm;wm…} ]Asm…} uRefawmf owdxm;aewJh Mum;u tmar#dwfwpfck xGufus oGm;w,f/ udkodcFuawmh uRefawmf wtHhwMojzpfoGm;vdkYçvdkY xif rSmyJ/ trSefu uRefawmf tvefYwMum; aygufxGufoGm;wm/ oGm; NyDav? qHk;oGm;w,fqdkuwnf;u ]a&Taomh}yJaygh/ ]a&Taomh}uvnf; b,favmufawmif cspfEdkifw,f rodbl;/ 'Db0xd vdkufvmw,f/ 'DMum;xJ uRefawmfeJY b,fb0u a&pufygvmrSef; rodwmu cuf w,f/ rqDrqdkif uRefawmfeJY vmawGUNyD; ck uRefawmhftm½HkawG aomh ydwfcHxm;&NyD; olruav;qDrSm tusOf;usae&NyD/ bmvkdYvJ/ bmvdkY 'Dvdkjzpf&wmvJ/ ]bmvdkY qHk;oGm;wmvJ qdkawmh…} udkodcFu olYcHpm;csufeJYol pum;qufw,f/ uRefawmfuvnf; uRefawmhfcHpm;csufeJYuRefawmf rMum;csifrdbl;/ wHkPSdbma0 jzpfaerd w,f/ ]olu aoG;uifqm a&m*gonfav…} Mum;zl;em;0eJY ½kyf&SifawGxJu Zmwfaumif ]aoG;uifqm}u a&Taomhudk aoapcJhwmwJhvm;/ uRefawmf oufjyif;rGrGudk csrdw,f/ udkodcFuawmh qufajymwkef;yJ/ ]ckqdk… Nidrf;…qHk;wm ajcmufESpfawmif ausmfcJhNyD} ]Asm…b,fvk… d } aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

36

raemf[&D

'Dwpfcg ]Asm} uawmh wu,hftHhMowmyg/ olajymaewmudk ]a&Taomh}vdkY wyftyf xifxm;wJh uRefawmf vnfxGufoGm;w,f/ ]Nidrf;}wJh/ ]6}ESpfausmfNyDwJh/ udkodcFajymcJhwkef;u a&TaomhqHk;wm ESpf ESpfq,favmuf &SdNyDwJh/ 'gqdk udkodcFcspfcJhw,fqdkwm a&Taomh r[kwf bl;aygh…/ ][kwfw,f…Nidrf;qHk;wm MumcJhNyD…} ]Nidrf;qdkwm…udkodcFcspfolvm;} ][kwfw,f…} ]'g…'gqdk…a&Taomhu…} udkodcF rsufvHk; jyL;oGm;w,f/ ]b,fvdk…} ]a&Taomhudk ar;wm? a&TaomheJY udkodcFu bmvJ…} ]t&ifu a&TaomheJY igeJYu EdkYpdkYzuf…} ]tJ…} oHk;EIef;yHkudkvnf; MunhfygOD;/ t&ifu ]a&Taomh}wJh…/ ck ]a&T aomh} eJY t&ifu ]a&Taomh}udk uRefawmfuom wpfa,mufwnf; vdkY jrifNyD; aMuuJGaewm/ oluawmh ckxd cJGxm;wkef; &SdyHkyJ/ ][kwfw,f…a&Taomhu ighxuf ajcmufvvm;yJ i,fw,f… olYtaru olYudk arG;NyD;NyD;csif; qHk;oGm;awmh a&Taomhudk ightaru orD;vdkyJ EdkYwdkufarG;cJh&wm? igwkdYESpfa,mufu bmrSom rawmfwm t&rf;cspfMuw,f…} t&rf;cspfMuw,fqdkwJh tcspfu bmtcspfvJ/ armifcspfESrcspf vm;? 'grSr[kwf udk,fwdkif rqef;ppfMu&ao;wJh t&G,fu tcspf vm;…/ uRefawmf Za0Z0g awG;aerdjyefw,f/ ]igu uHraumif;bl;} udkodcFu uRefawmhf{nhfcef;eH&Hay:rSm csdefxm;wJh Lucky Stone yef;csDum;udk Munhfai;&if; ajymw,f/ ]uHraumif;bl;…bmudk qdkvdkwmvJ…udkodcF…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

37

]ig…oHa,mZOf&SdwJh olwdkif;[m igeJY MumMumraeMu&wwf bl;…} ]udkodcFu a&TaomheJY [dk rNidrf; qdkwJh wpfa,mufudk ajymwm vm;…} ]ygwmayghuGm…olwkdYtjyif wjcm;vlawGa&maygh…} ajymyHku uRefawmfawmif ausmcsrf;w,f/ rawmfwq uRef awmfyg oloHa,mZOf &Sdrd&if aumufum iifum aoypfvdkuf&r,hf yHkyJ/ Munfh&wm ckxdawmh ol uRefawmhfudk oHa,mZOf r&Sdao;vdkYbl; vdkYrsm; oufaojycsifaewmvm;yJ…/ ]'geJYyJ udkodcFu wpfa,mufwnf;aeawmhwmyJvm;? tcspfopf av; bmav;rawGUbl;vm;…} ]tcspfopf…[kwfvm;} udkodcFu uRefawmhfudk rMum;zl;wJhpum;vHk;wpfvHk; Mum;vdkuf &ovdk jyefar;w,f/ ][kwfw,fav…tcspfopf} udkodcFu acgif;udk &rf;cgw,f/ ]awGUvm; rawGUvm;? awGUEdkifvm; rawGUEdkifvm;? awGUEdkifao; vm;? rawGUEdkifawmhbl;vm;awGawmif rawG;rdawmhygbl;…aocsm wmu…} udkodcFu pum;udk cPwHkYqdkif;xm;ao;w,f/ NyD;rS uRefawmf iHhvifhaevm; em;axmifaevm; raocsmbJeJY olYbmomol quf ajymw,f/ ]aocsmwmu oHa,mZOfqdkwmuvnf; xm;rd&if ylwmyJ…} ]tif;…[kwf&if [kwfrSmaygh…} uRefawmfvnf; bkrodbrod axmufcHvdkufw,f/ avmavm q,frmS awmh udo k cd w F pfa,mufwnf;twGuf 'Dtqdu k rSew f mr[kwf ygbl;/ uRefawmhftwGufyg rSefaeavmufygw,f/ ckyJ Munhfav? uRefawmhf&ifxJ a&TaomhqdkwJh BudK;av;wpfacsmif; a&mufvmwmeJY aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

38

raemf[&D

uRefawmhfrSm tyltyifawG pwifjzpfay:ae&NyD…/ ]'geJ… Y udo k cd …

F } ]ajym…MoZm…} ]a&Taomhua&m…bmvdkY qHk;oGm;wmvJ…} ]olvm;…olu…tufqD;'ifheJYqHk;wm…} ]Asm…½kwfw&ufBuD;vm;…} ]r[kwfbl;…olu jyifqifNyD;rS xGufoGm;ovdkyJ…} ]Asm…} ][kwfw,f? igajymcJhom;yJ…olu aoaocsmcsm jyefvmr,fvdkY rSmoGm;ovdk ightwGufvnf; taumif;qHk; vkyfay;oGm;cJhw,f…} uRefawmf em;rvnfygbl;/ 'gaMumifh rsufarSmifMuKwfvdkufrd w,f/ ]em;rvnfbl;udkodcF…} ]ajymr,fav… ck… ig… rif;udk jrifae&wmudku a&Taomh&JU rsufvHk;awG&JU aus;Zl;aMumihfav…} uRefawmfyg;pyfta[mif;om;jzpfoGm;&w,f/ udkodcFuawmh a&TaomheJY ywfoufwJh tcef;u@awGudk wpfaeY ajymjy&OD;r,fwJh/ tJ'DwpfaeYudk uRefawmfu rapmifhcsifygbl;/ 'gayr,hf a&Taomh&JU rsuf0ef;awGudk ydkifqdkifxm;wJh udkodcFudk uRefawmfrS rydkifwm/ tcsdef awmh apmifh&awmhrSmaygh/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

39

(p) uRefawmf apmihfaewJh tcsdefawGxJudk wdk;0ifvmwmuawmh ]a&Taomh}ygyJ/ uRefawmfwdkY&JU wpf0*la&SUqdk awmf½Hkvl rvm&Jygbl;/ uRefawmfwkdY ygarmu©udkqdk vlawGu t&rf;aMumufMu&w,f/ cuf wmu tJ'DvlawGxJrSm vlruç ewfruswJh a&Taomh…qdkwJh aumif rav; rygbl;/ olu cyfwnfwnfeJYq&mBu;D udk ud, k af ,mifjyw,f…/ q&mBuD;u xHk;pHtwdkif; qlzdkY xGufoGm;awmh cg;uav; nGwfNyD; EIwfqufw,f/ ]r*Fvmyg}wJh/ urÇmvSnv hf mcJw h hJ uReaf wmfw&Ydk UJ q&mBu;D ½lyaA' ynm&SiBf u;D u a&Taomh&JU ,Ofaus;rIudkawmh rvGefqefEdkifygbl;/ NyD;… q&mBuD; udk tifrwefrS w½dw k aoyHpk eH …

YJ nifnifomomuav; ajymjyaewm awGU&w,f/ ajc[efawGaum vuf[efawGaum? uRefawmhfqDawmif nTefvdkufao;/ bmawG ajymw,f rodbl;/ cPaeus q&mBuD;u uRefawmfhudk vSrf;ac:w,f…/ ][dak umif…at;…rif;…} uRefawmf xdkif&mu xxGufvmzdkY jyifawmh vufn§dK;nTefNyD; cdkif; w,f…/ ]odrf;…odrf;…wpfcgwnf; ypönf;awG odrf;…} uRefawmf a&Taomhudk vSrf;Munhfawmh a&Taomhu cyfwnfwnf ygyJ/ bkrodbrodeJY q&mBuD;udkvnf; aMumuf&awmh pmtkyfawG aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

40

raemf[&D

aumuford ;f &awmhwmaygh/ q&mBu;D u tem;a&mufvmwJh uReaf wmhf udk ycHk; vSrf;ykwfygw,f/ ]at;…jyefvdkufOD;…ausmif;pmu ta&;BuD;wmu BuD;wmaygh/ ckvkd taru t&rf;aeraumif; jzpfaewJh tcsed rf mS awmh rif;utBu;D wpfa,muftaeeJY wm0ef&Sdwmaygh/ rif;nDrcrsm ajcrudkifrd vuf rudkifrdeJY oGm;oGm;…ck…rif;tarudk aq;½Hkwifxm;cJh&w,fwJh…} uReaf wmf rsuv f ;kH awG jyL;oGm;&w,f/ e,frmS aewJh tareJY reuf uyJ zkef;ajymcJhao;w,f/ taumif;BuD;…/ bmrSrjzpfbl;/ NyD;awmh uReaf wmhrf mS bmnDrrSvnf; r&Sb d ;l / 'gayr,hf uReaf wmfvnf; iwH;k rS r[kwfwm/ 'gavmufqdk&if rD;awmufoGm;ygNyD/ rsufESmaoav;eJY wu,fyJ tjypf&Sdovdkvdk q&mBuD;udk ½dkusdK; NyD; xGufcJhvdkufw,f/ uRefawmfwkdY department &JU pBuøtqHk;udk a&mufw,fq&kd ifyJ a&Taomhu cG;D ceJaeatmif x&,fw,f/ uReaf wmhf rSmom oleJYtwl vdkuf&,fcsifvsufu r&,frdbl;/ ]&,f&w,fodvm;…MoZmwkdYq&mBuD;u emrnfom BuD;wm… udk,feJYawGUawmhvnf; cH&wmygyJ…} ]cH&wm r[kwfbl;…tJ'g pdwfESvHk;aumif;&Sdwm…} ]tHr,f…qdkvdkcsifwmu uRefru tJ'DpdwfESvHk;aumif;udk ckwHk; vkyfcJhw,faygh} ]'Dvdkus rif;u awmfom;yJ…} a&Taomhu uRefawmhfudk rsufapmif;wpfcsuf cJw,f/ olYudk,f olvnf; ]udk,f}u ajymvdkuf? ]uRefr}uvdkY ajymvdkufeJY olYudk,fol uRefawmfeJY wef;n§daeyHkyJ…/ ]'DrmS …} ]bmvJ…} ]&Sif…bmpm;csiv f …

J aeYv,fpm…} uRefawmf em&DMunhfvdkufw,f? ckrS q,hfwpfem&Dq,fhig;…/ ]apmao;w,f} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

41

]uRefru qmNyD…} ]rif;u ighudk auR;csifwmvm;? rif;qmvdkYvm;…} olru cyfaomaomav; &,fw,f/ ]t"du u odcFtaMumif; ar;rvdkY… auR;rSmu 0wfaus wef; aus? aemufwpfaMumif;u uRefr qmaew,f/ aemufxyf wpfcsuf u uRefru pm;aeNyD; &Sifxdkifae&&if raumif;bl;av…} uJ…ajzyHkudk Munhfyg/ ½kyfuav;eJY wpfpufrS rvdkufbl;/ tjrif uwfp&maumif;atmif olyJ ajzwwfw,f/ toHeJY ½kyfeJY cJGxm;&if 'D½kyfu 'Dpum;xGufw,fvdkY b,folrS ,HkrSm r[kwfbl;? ½kyfuav; u tJ'Davmufudk cspfp&maumif;vGef;aeygw,f/ 'DtwGuf rcHcsif p&m pum;vHk;awGudk wpfcPtwGif; arhavsmhoGm;&wmvnf; uRefawmfwpfa,mufwnf;awmh r[kwfavmufbl;vdkY ajzawG;&wm ygyJ…/ ajym&if;eJY um;wpfpD;em; a&mufvmw,f/ a&Ta&mifcyfazsmhazsmh rIwfxm;wJhum;…/ armif;wJhae&mrSm '½dkifbmygw,f/ ]vm…wuf…a&SUu xdkif…} uReaf wmhu f kd a&SUbuf nTejf yawmh uReaf wmf 0ifxikd v f u kd rf w d ,f/ olru aemufcef;u xdkifygw,f/ NyD;awmh um;armif;wJholudk vSrf; ajymw,f…/ ]Serenity udkarmif;} Serenity qdkwm uRefawmfwkdY ausmif;aemufu tif;vsm;vrf; ay:rSm &Sdygw,f/ tpm;tpm pHkpHkvifvifvnf; &ygw,f/ cufwmu uRefawmfu ckxd rqmbl;? rwwfEdkifbl;av? olpm;wm xdkifMunhf½Hk aygh/ Serenity a&mufawmh olu olYbmomol pm;zkdY aMu;tdk;wpfyJG rSmw,f…/ um;'½dkifbmtwGuf xrif;aMumf um;ay: ydkYcdkif;w,f/ NyD;awmh uRefawmhfudk bmpm;rvJ…wJh/ ]rqmbl;…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

42

raemf[&D

]a&oefYwpfbl; ay;vdkuf…} uRefawmfu rqmbl;vdkY ajymwmudk olu pm;yJGxdk;udk a&oefY ay;vdkufwJh/ NyD; a&&Gwfaeao;w,f/ ]tukeftus oufomvdkuf wm…} wJh/ ]uJ…ajym…} ]bmajym&rSmvJ…} ]rif;ajymp&m &Sdwmav? rif;…ig;yg;oDvusL;vGefNyD; teEÅ *dkPf;0ifwpfyg;udk vSnhfjzm;NyD; ighudk ac:xkwfvmwm…tvum;rS r[kwfwm…} ]awmfom;yJ…odcFaeaumif;vm;} ]aumif;w,f…} ]avmavmq,f…oll bmvkyfaevJ…} ]tvkyftudkifudk ar;wmvm;} ]tif;av…} ]tif*sifeD,mav…} ][if…oluajymawmh q&m0efjzpfcsifwmwJh… trSwfrrDcJhbl; vm; rodygbl;} olb Y momol wpfa,mufwnf; a&&Gwo f vdk ajymaejyefygw,f/ NyD;awmhrS uRefawmhfbufudk vSnhfNyD; xyfar;w,f/ ]ol…&Sifhudk a&TaomhtaMumif; ajymjyvm;} ]enf;enf;awmh ajymw,f} ]bmawGvJ…} ]olck jrifae&wJh rsufpdu a&Taomhaus;Zl;wJh…} olr cyfav;av; acgif;ndwfw,f/ ]NyD;awmhaum…} ]wpf&ufawmh at;at;aq;aq; ajymjyygOD;r,f…wJh} a&Taomhu jyHK;w,f/ ]&Sifu pdwf0ifpm;vdkYvm;…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

43

]0ifpm;ygw,f…r0ifpm;cHEdkifrvm;? cifAsm;av;wkdYu normal rS r[kwfwm…} ]tHr,f…bmajymwmvJ…normal r[kwb f ;l qdw k m abnormal udk qdkvdkcsifwmvm;…} ]tm…r[kwfygbl;? omref tajctae tjzpftysufrsdK; r[kwf bl;vdkY qdkvdkcsifwmygAsm…} a&Taomhu rsufapmif;cJjyefygw,f/ 'gayr,hf olr&JU a&Ta&mif vufaewJh rsufapmif;av;awGu cH,lcsifp&maumif;vGef;aeawmh uRefawmf pdwftaESmifht,Suf rjzpf&bl;aygh/ ]&Sifu ,Hkaum ,HkvdkYvm;…} ]bmudkvJ…} ]uRefrajymwmawGudk…} ]rif;wpfa,mufwnf; ajymwmqdk&ifawmh udk,fu rif;udk &Gm omBuD; ydkYrdrSmaygh…ck[mu udkodcFyg ajymwmav…} ]uRefrtdrfuawmh uRefrudk r,Hkbl;odvm;…} ],Hkcsifp&mrS raumif;bJ udkodcFeJY awGUay;vdkufav} ]tJvkd awGUay;zkYd aeaeomom…uRerf udak wmif odceF YJ ay;rawGU vdkY ckrS tquftoG,f &wmyJ Munhfav…} uReaf wmfwpfck owd&rdw,f/ ckae udo k cd eF YJ a&TaomhawGUMu&if a&Taomhuawmh udkodcFudk rSwfrdrSm aocsmw,f/ udkodcFu a&Taomh udk 'Dwdkif; tjyifrSm awGU&if odEdkifyghrvm;/ t&ifb0u a&TaomheJY ck a&Taomh ½kyfcsif;aum wlvm;…/ uRefawmf awG;ae&mu aocsm atmif ar;vdkufw,f/ ]ckae a&Taomhudk udkodcFu tjyifrSmawGU&if a&TaomhrSef; odrSm vm;…} olr awGawGuav; jzpfoGm;w,f/ NyD;rS… ]tJ'gawmh rodbl;…a&Taomhuawmh odcFudk rSwfrdygw,f…} ]udk,fqdkvdkcsifwmu rif;½kyfu t&ifu 'Dwdkif;yJvm;qdkwm} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

44

raemf[&D

]uRefr rodbl;…} ]t&ifu rdbawGudkaum rSwfrdvm;} ]uRefru rSwfrdw,f/ azazhudk azazu r&Sdawmhbl;wJh…} ]rif;pHkprf;wmvm;…} ]tif;…} ]rif;udk t&ifu a&TaomheJY wlvdkufwm qdkwJholaum &Sdzl;vm;} ]r&SdcJhzl;ao;bl;…} ]&SdEdkifw,faygh…} ]ajymwwfbl;av…} a&Taomhu ycHk;av; wGefYNyD; ajzw,f/ pm;yJGxdk; vmcsay;wJh aMu;tdk;udk wleJY uRrf;usifpGm arT&if;u uRefawmhfudk avmuGwfajymw,f/ ]a&aomufav}wJh/ uRefawmfvnf; pdwfaygufaygufeJY a&bl;udk zGifhNyD; armhcsypf vdu k w f m… wu,fygyJ/ a&Taomha&SUrSm a&Taomhwu kd w f hJ a&udak omuf &vdkYvm; rodbl;/ t&om &SdvGef;wmuawmh taotcsmyJ/ wpfckyJ &Sdw,f/ a&u at;pdrfhaewmawmif &ifxJ at;roGm;bl;/ ]MoZm…} ]bmvJ…} ]udk,f odcFeJY awGUcsifw,f…} uRefawmf rsufarSmifMuKwfvdkufw,f/ 'gbmrS cufcJwJhudpörS r[kwfwm/ trSefu uRefawmhftwGufqdk&ifawmif cufcJOD;rSm/ uRefawmfurS rawGUapcsifwm…/ ]vmcJhav…ukdodcFu ½Hk;csdefr[kwf&if tdrfrSmyJ &Sdwwfw,f…} ]rjzpfygbl;…} olru acgif;udk cgw,f…/ ]bmvdkYvJ…} ]tdrfu ay;roGm;bl;/ [dkwpfcgu cdk;armif;vmwm? ckqdk b,f aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

45

oGm;oGm; '½dkifbmeJY 'D'½dkifbmuvnf; pnf;½Hk;vdkY r&bl;? MoZmudk om um;ay:wifac:&if ac:vmr,f? odcFudk awGUzdkYqdk oluyg ay; awGUrSm r[kwfbl;} ]olwkdYu udkodcFudk odvdkYvm;} ]olwifrubl;? azazwdkY ararwkdYyg odw,f? tHr,fav; ,Hk omr,Hkwm…udk,fajymwJh odcFudk olwkdY t&if &SmawGUMuwm…} 'guawmh jzpfavmufygw,f/ b,frb d rqdk ud, k o fh rD; 'Davmuf ajymaewm [kwfr[kwfawmh pHkprf;MurSmyJ…/ [kwfaeonhf wdkif ,Hk ay;csirf v S nf; ,Hak y;rSm jzpfovdk r,Hck siaf ,mif aqmifxm;csiv f nf; xm;EdkifwmyJ/ 'grS udk,hforD;udk udk,ftjynhft0 ydkifqdkifrSmav/ ckyJ Munhfav? uRefawmfawmif ,HkMunfwmu ,HMk unfwm wpfyikd ;f ? rjzpf apcsiw f mu wpfu@? rawGU&if taumif;qHk;vdkY jzpfrdwmu wjcm; av/ 'g…uReaf wmf udo k cd eF YJ a&Taomhukd em;rvnfvYkd apwemr&Sv d Ykd r[kwfygbl;/ uRefawmhf&ifxJu uRefawmhftwåyJaygh/ tJ'DaeYu a&TaomhwdkufwJh a&at;at;udk &ifrat;pGm aomuf &if; a&Taomhar;orQawGukd xdik af jzay;cJw h t hJ csed ef m&Dav;[m uReaf wmhf twGufawmh t"dyÜm,fawG tjynhft0&SdaeovdkyJ…/ t"dyÜm,fr&Sdwmu ckxd a&Taomhudk t&ifu taMumif;awG rSwfrdaecdkif;wJh uHMur®maygh/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

46

raemf[&D

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

47

(q) a&Taomha&mufvmwJh taMumif;udk uRefawmf½dk;om;pGmyJ udkodcF eJY nDnDudk jyefajymjyvdkufw,f/ a&Taomh&JU xif&mvkyfwwfwJh tjyK trlav;udka&maygh/ nDnDuawmh &,fw,f/ q&mBuD;udkawmif ywf &Jw,faygh/ udkodcFuawmh rsufarSmifMuKwfpOf;pm;w,f/ NyD;rS… ]t&if a&Taomhu tJ'Dvdk r[kwfbl;…} vkdY rSwfcsufcsw,f/ 'DawmhrS uRefawmfvnf; ajymp&mtuGuf0ifawmhwmrkdY udkodcF udk ajymovkdkvdkeJY udk,hfajzom&m twGufyg ajymvdkufrdw,f/ ]b,fwlEdkifrvJ…udkodcF…? ck a&Taomhu t&ifu a&Taomh&JU udkodcFudk rSwfrdaewJh olYb0udk rSwfrdaewJh tawG;awGu vJG&if usefwm b,fydkifqdkifEdkifygawmhrvJ…} ][kwfvm; [kwfw,faemf…} nDnDu awG;awG;qqeJY axmufcHw,f/ udkodcFuawmh ar; w,f/ 'g uRefawmfvnf; raeYu a&Taomhudk ar;cJhwJh pum;yJ/ cuf wmu vlrSm;ar;aewm…/ ]ck a&Taomhu t&if a&TaomheJY ½kyfaum wlvm;} ]uRefawmf b,fodyghrvJ…udkodcFyJ odEdkifrSmav…} ]olYudk,folaum rodbl;vm;…} olYudk,folvnf; rodbl;? odcsifaewmawmh trSefyJ…} ]igawGUcsifvdkufwm…} udkodcFu wu,hfudk tm;wufoa&m ajym&Smw,f/ 'gaMumifh uRefawmfvnf; trSeftwdkif;yJ ajymjyvdkuf&w,f/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

48

raemf[&D

]a&Taomhuvnf; udkodcFudk awGUcsifygw,f cufwmu…} ]cufwmu bmvJ…} ]olYrdbawGu ay;rawGUbl;…} ]tm…bmvdkYvJ? olwkdYu ighudk odvdkYvm;} ]odwmayhg/ a&Taomh i,fi,fwnf;u ajymvmwm rod cHEdkif rvm;…} ]'gvnf; [kwfwmyJ…} nDnDu 0ifaxmufcHjyefw,f…/ udo k cd u F awmh wpfpw kH pf&mudk pOf;pm;aeovdk Nird o f ufaew,f/ tawmfMumawmhrS… ]ig…rif;eJY ausmif;vdkufvm&ifaum…} ]vdkufvmvdkYawmh &w,fudkodcF…'gayr,hf oluom uRefawmhf twef;udk odwm uReaf wmfu olbmwufaerSe;f awmif odwmr[kwf bl;} ]rif;uvnf; nHhvdkufwm…} nDnDu rSwfcsufcsw,f/ trSefuawmh b,fnHhcsifyghrvJ/ tm;vHk;udk odcsifwmaygh/ 'gayr,hf avmavmq,fu ckvdk nHhxm; wmu tqifajyvdrfhr,fxifwmyJ/ udkodcFeJY Nidrf;eJY b,fvdk cspfcJhMu w,fajymajym? ckae a&TaomheJY jyefawGU&if olwdkYt&ifu &SdcJhwJh BuD; rm;wJh oHa,mZOftm;eJY bmawG jzpfvmrvJqdkwm b,folrS rajym Edkifbl;/ 'DZmwfudk enf;enf;apmifhMunhfNyD;rS uRefawmfu awmfatmif BudK;pm;oifhw,fvdkY xifwmyJ/ ]'gqdk wpfenf;&Sdw,f} udka&Tynm&Sd nDnDu bmawG tMuH0ifay;rvdkYvJ rodygbl;/ 'gayr,hf udkodcFu odyfpdwf0ifpm;yHkr&bl;/ nDnDuvnf; olYxHk;pH twdkif;ygyJ/ b,folpdwf0ifpm;pm; r0ifpm;pm; qufajymw,f…/ ]ausmif;udk a&TaomhvmwJhtcsdefrSm rif;u udkodcFudk taMumif; Mum;ay;} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

49

]b,fvdk taMumif;Mum;&rSmvJ…} ]zkef;qufvdkufaygh…} uRefawmf udkodcFudk vSrf;Munhfawmh olYyHkpHu 30 % avmuf pdwf0ifpm;[efjyw,f/ NyD;rS uRefawmhfbuf vSnhfNyD; ajymw,f/ ]]nDnDajymwm rqdk;ygbl;? 'gayr,hf…} ]'gayr,h… f bmjzpfvJ…} nDnDu olYtMuHudk ‘But’ cHvdkufwJhtwGuf 0ifar;w,f/ ]wpfcsufu oltaMumif;Mum;wJhtcsdefrSm igu ½Hk;uxGufvdkY tqifajyrajy…} ]aemufwpfcsufu…} ]aemufwpfcsufu …xGufvmygNyDwJh/ iga&mufcgeD;rS olu jyefomG ;&&if…} ]uRwf…} nDnDu udkodcFudk tm;r&ovdk pkwfoyfw,f/ ]udo k cd &F m 'guawmh BuKd ;pm;&rSmaygh/ tpfuykd J pOf;pm;Munhaf v? tvkyfudk xm;cJhNyD; xGuf&rSm rvG,fayr,hf 'DbufrSm a&Taomhudk awGU&zdkYuvnf; 'Denf;yJ &Sdwm/ 'kwd,wpfcsufudkawmh udkodcFvmrSm aocsm&if MoZmudk tcsdefqJGNyD; ac:xm;cdkif;vdkufaygh…} ]aMomf…tJ'Daumifrav;u ighpum;em;axmif&Smwmudk;…} ]rif;emrnfu MoZmav…} ]bmqdkifvJ…} ]qdkifw,f r[kwfbl;vm;} ]bmrSrqdkifbl;…} uRefawmfeJY nDnDeJY pum;rsm;Mu&w,f/ tvum;aumif…? umvHa'oH rodbJeJY…udkodcFudk wpfzufowf ulnDcsifaewJhaumif/ olYoli,fcsif;t&if;BuD; bmjzpfaew,fqdkwm olrodbl;/ udkodcFu vnf; nDnDhacsycsufudk vufcHw,f/ ]BudK;pm;Munhfwmaygh}wJh/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

50

raemf[&D

'geJY uRefawmfu udkodcFudk pum;vrf;aMumif; vTJ&awmhw,f/ ]udkodcF…} ]qd… k MoZm…} ]a&TaomhtaMumif; ajymjyOD;r,fqdk} ]tif;…ajymwmaygh…} ]olYemrnfudk bmvdkY a&TaomhvdkY ac:&wmvJ…} ]olYemrnft&if;u a&Taomh r[kwfygbl;/ od*ÐaomfwJh? olu pum;ajym&if ]aomf}u ]aomf}uvdkY ajym&if; ]aomh}jzpfoGm;&wm/ aemufawmh od*Ðqdkwmu ]a&T}av? 'geJYyJ taru ]a&Taomh}vdkY aemufac:&if; twnfjzpfoGm;awmhwm…} ]aMomf…'Dvdkvm;…ckawmh olYemrnfu wpfrsdK;} ]bmwJhvJ…} ]raemjzL…wJ… h } udkodcFu acgif;ndwfw,f/ ]a&TaomheJY udk,fu ajcmufvavmufyJ uGmawmh twlwlupm;? twlausmif;wufcJhMuwmayg/ a&Taomhtazuvnf; tvkyfxJ epf aeawmh a&Taomhudk tdrfrSm tyfxm;wm rsm;w,f/ tazwpfck orD;wpfckudk;/ a&Taomhu tarhudkyJ olYtarvdk oabmxm;&&Sm wm…} ]ck…olt Y azua&m…} ]olYtazeJY oleJY oleJY twlqHk;wmyJ…} ]aMomf…tufqD;'ifhu om;tzESpfa,muf twljzpfwmudk;} ][kwfw,f…} ]a&Taomh&JU rsufvHk;eJY tpfudkjrifae&w,fqdkwmu…} nDnDu em;rvnfao;wJh t&mwpfckudk 0ifar;w,f/ tar;u uRefawmfvnf; ar;csifaewJh ar;cGef;ygyJ/ ]udk,fu i,fi,fuwnf;u rsufpdraumif;bl;/ q,hfoHk;ESpf avmufusawmh rsufpduG,foGm;w,f/ rsufpduG,foGm;awmh ausmif; aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

51

uyg xGufvdkuf&wmaygh/ tpm;xdk;ukozdkY &Sdayr,hf tvSL&Sif &SdrS jzpfrSmav? tJ'geJYyJ udk,hfudk a&Taomhu tdrfrSm EIwfeJY pmoifay; w,f/ taxmuftuljyKypönf;awG oHk;NyD; pmoifay;w,f? 'gayr,hf pmoifay;&wm tqifrajywdkif; a&Taomhu nnf;w,f/ olu pm nHhw,fwJh/ nHhwJholu bmrS odyfrxl;bl;/ udk,fu pmawmfawmh udk,hfudk olYrsufvHk;awG ay;csifvdkufwmvdkY cPcP ajymwwfw,f/ udkodcFu pum;udk cP&yfNyD; wpfpHkwpfckudk owd&oGm;ovdk xdkif&u xw,f/ ]bmjzpfwmvJ…udkodcF…} ]udk,fwkdY bmvdkY a0;aewmvJ rodbl;… udk,hfrSm a&Taomh i,fi,fu yHk&Sdwm ckrS owd&w,f/ &SmvdkufOD;r,f} ajymNyD; olYtcef;xJ ol0ifoGm;NyD; arTaESmufaevdkufwm awmf awmfeJY xGufrvmawmhbl;/ uRefawmfwkdYESpfa,mufrSmawmh rNyD;ao; wJh a&TaomhyHkjyifudk Mum;emzdkYeJY a&Taomhi,fi,fuyHk qdkwmudk MunhfzdkY wvifhvifheJY arQkmfMu&awmhwmaygh/ awmfawmfBuD;udk MumrS udkodcF pdwfysufvufysufeJY jyefxGufvmw,f/ ]rawGUbl;? wavmu tarvmwkef;u jyefodrf;oGm;w,f xif w,f/ taruvnf; a&Taomhudk ckxd wrf;waewkef;} ]tif;av…olu EdkYwdkuf arG;cJh&wmudk;} nDnDu 0ifNyD; q&mBuD;avoHeJY rSwfcsufcsw,f/ ]taru ckae a&TaomhtaMumif;Mum;&&if ajy;awGUrvm; rod bl;…} udkodcFu olYtarudk owdw&[efeJY ajymw,f/ uRefawmfvnf; udk,fcsif;pm em;vnfygw,f/ 'gayr,hf olY taryg ygvmvdkYuawmh BudK;awGu ydkjrJukefawmhrSmyJvkdY pdk;&drfae rdw,f/ wpfckawmh &Sdwmaygh/ udkodcFtaruvnf; e,fNrdKUav; wpfNrdKUrSm oGm;aeaewm? awmf½HkeJY udkodcFqD vmrvnfwwfygbl;/ a&TaomhqdkwJhemrnfMum;vdkuf&ifawmh rajymwwfbl;aygh…/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

52

raemf[&D

]"mwfyHk rawGUvnf; xm;yg…qufygOD;…} ]at;…qufwmaygh/ b,fa&mufoGm;NyDvJ…} ]a&Taomhu olYrsufvHk;awG ay;csifw,fvdkY ajymwm…} ]tif;…olu tJvdk ajymaeusyJ/ 'gayr,hf wpfreufrSmawmh tapmBuD; udk,hfudk reufpmpm;zkdY jyifay;&if;eJY ajymw,f/ wu,f vdkYrsm; olaooGm;cJh&if udk,fvdkaewJh rsufMunfvTmudk olYqDu ,l vdkufygwJh} ]olu vSLxm;vdkYvm;…} ]tif;…tJ'gudk,fvnf; rodbl;? ck nDnDar;ovdkyJ ar;rdw,f/ cgwdkif;vnf; ajymaeusqdkawmh 'grsdK;u vSLxm;rS&wm? eifu vSL xm;vdkYvm;…qdkawmh ]tif;}wJh/ olYudk b,folu 'DvdkvkyfvkdY &w,f vdkY ajymvdkufvdkY olvkyfvdkufwmvJ rodbl;/ 'gayr,hf aemufrS od vdkuf&wm wpfcku ol tJ'DtvSLudk olYq,hfoHk;ESpfajcmufvjynhfwJh arG;aeYrSm oGm;vSLvdkufwm…wJh…} ]NyD;awmhaum…} ]ol tJvkd ajymNy;D aemufaeUrSm olt Y azeJY oleUJ c&D;xGuzf Ykd vkyMf u w,f/ om;tzESpfa,mufu qHkcJawmh tyef;ajz xGufMuwmav? roGm;cif olu rSmoGm;ao;wm…olqufqufjyefvmr,fwJh/ ol wpfckckjzpf&if rsufMunfvTm,lzdkY rarhzdkYvnf; rSmao;w,f…} ]edrdwfpum;xifw,f…} ][kwfw,f? 'geJY udk,fu eifr&SdrSawmh igbmrSvnf; rjrifcsifyg bl;vdkY ajymvdkufw,f? 'gudk olu &,f&,farmarmyJ igaooGm;vnf; jyefvmrSmayghwJh} ]olY[mu aocsmtuGuf½dkufoGm;ovdkBuD;} ][kwfw,f/ olwkdYom;tzc&D;xGufNyD; aysmfvdkufMuao;w,f/ Ny;D jyefvmwJt h jyefc&D;rSmyJ olwo Ydk m;tz tufq;D 'ifjh zpfNy;D qH;k wm…} pum;u qHk;oGm;ygNyD/ 'gayr,hf nDnDu qufar;w,f/ ]'geJYyJ a&TaomhqDu rsufMunfvTmeJY udkodcF rsufpdjrifcJh&w,f aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

53

54

raemf[&D

qdyk gawmh…} ][kwfw,f…ckvdk udk,fynmawG qufoifNyD; 'DvdkaeEdkifwm a&Taomh&JU aus;Zl;awGyJaygh…} olwkdYpum;0dkif;u cPwdwfoGm;ovdkyJ/ ta,mufpDwdkif;u tawG;udk,fpDeJY NidrfoufoGm;Muw,f/ uRefawmhf&ifxJrSmuawmh tawG;xuf tar;awG ydkrsm;aeav&JU/ b,fawmhrS ar;jzpfr,frSef; raocsmwJh? ar;oifhar;xdkuf&JUvm; a0cJG&cufaewJh ar;cGef;awGeJY armyef;jcif;BuD;pGm eyef;vHk;vdkYaygh…/ &ifxJrSm aocsmaewm wpfckawmh &Sdw,f…/ bmawG b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpfjzpfcJh? aocsmwmuawmh t&ifu a&Taomh&JU uHMur®meJY cka&Taomh&JU uHMur®m b,fvdkrS rwlEdkifbl; qdkwmygyJ/ uReaf wmfwaYkd ewJh wdu k cf ef;awG&UJ [drk mS buf… taemufawmif axmifhqDrSm aq;a&mifpHkwdrfwdkufawG ajy;vTm;aqmhupm;aeMu w,f/ ta&mifawGeJY vSnhfpm;&wm vG,fulygovm;/ wjznf;jznf; ajymif;vJ ysufjy,foGm;wJh ta&mifawG? wpfpp ajymif;vJ jzpfwnf vmwJh ta&mifawG? tcsdeftawmfMum wnfjrJaewwfwJh ta&mif awG…/ aocsmwmuawmh tJ't D a&mifawGukd uReaf wmfwYdk udik w f , G f qkyfudkifxm;vdkY r&bl;qdkwmygyJ…/ uReaf wmfw&Ykd UJ uHMur®mua&m…ta&mifawGeYJ wnfaqmufxm; wmeJY rwlaebl;vm;/ reufjzef bmta&mifvJ qdkwm b,folrS rS rodEdkifwmyJav/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

55

(Z) aemufwpfywfavmufusawmh uRefawmf pmxdkifvkyfaewJh central library xJudk a&Taomhwpfa,muf wcRifcRifeJY a&mufvmjyef ygw,f/ ]ESpfa,mufwJGrxdkif&}qdkwJh pmwef;udk aoaocsmcsm zwfNyD; cHkwpfcHkqJGvdkY uRefawmhfem; vmxdkifw,f/ NyD;… ]odcF…aeaumif;vm;…}wJh/ rodwJholuawmh uRefawmhfemrnfudk odcFvdkY xifrSmyJ/ a&muf rqdkuf EIwfqufyHkudkvnf; MunhfOD;av…/ ]aumif;ygw,f} ]uRefru &Sifhudk ta<u;qyfrvdkY} uRefawmf rsufarSmifMuKwfvdkufrdw,f/ ]bmta<u;vJ…} ]t&ifwpfacgufu a&yJ aomufoGm;&wJh ta<u;av…} uRefawmf ½kwfw&uf aysmfoGm;w,f/ oleJYtwl tjyifxGufcGifh& awmhrSmudk;/ 'gayr,hf udkodcFudk zkef;qufac:&r,hf wm0efeJY uwdudk owd&vdkufwJhtcsdefrSm uRefawmf raysmfEdkifawmhbl;/ ]ck vdkufpm;&rSmvm;} ]tif;av &Sifqm&ifaygh} ]qmygw,f… ckyJ jyefxGufawmhrvdkY? 'geJY uRefawmf 'DrSmrSef; cifAsm;u b,fvkdod…} ]odwmaygh…a&Taomhy[ J m…} bmrSvnf; rqdkifygbl;/ 'gayr,hf olu qdkifovdk ajymwmrdkY aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

56

raemf[&D

uRefawmfvnf; qdkifovdk aeay;vdkufw,f/ pjzpfatmifawmh pvdkuf ao;w,f/ ]eifu teHYcHaumif;vdkYvm;…} ]'gaygh…} ½kwfw&ufrkdY olu cyfwnfwnfeJY acgif;av; armhNyD; axmufcH ao;w,f/ ]at;av…trsdK;aumif;vdkY aerSmaygh…} uRefawmhfaemufqufwJGpum;udk Mum;awmhrS ol oabmawG aygufoGm;NyD; uRefawmhfudk xkzdkY &G,fygawmhw,f/ 'Dwpfcg vufxJrSm ygoGm;wmu uRefawmhf&JU electronic dictionary…/ xkcH&vdkYuawmh uRefawmfaum dictionary aum racsmifygbl;…/ ]rvkyfeJY…'gu wefzdk;BuD;w,f} uReaf wmfu uReaf wmhf electronic dictionary udk jyefvv k u kd af wmh a&Taomhu rJhw,f/ ]'grsm;…b,fESvHk; ,lrvJ…}wJh/ a&TaomhMunhf&wm awmfawmfav;udk jynhfpHk<u,f0yHk&ygw,f/ ½ky&f nfutp taetxdik f tajymtqdt k v,f toH;k taqmifypön;f tqHk;aygh/ t&ifu trdrJh? taza0;? olrsm; rdom;pk&ifcGifrSm BuD;cJh& wJh aumifrav;b0eJY pm&if…'Db0u t&rf;udk tqifajyrSmyg/ 'g…t&ifu olr jyKcJhwJh 'geaMumifh xifyg&JU/ ]&Si… f bmpm;rvJ…} ]auR;wm pm;r,fav…} ]uRefr b,maMumf 0,fauR;&ifaum…} ]aumif;wmyJ…} uRefawmf &GUJwm r[kwfygbl;/ wu,fyg/ a&Taomhwdkuf&if a& awmif t&om &Sdao;w,fvkdY xifwJh aumifyJ…/ ]wu,fajymwmqdk&ifawmh &Sifu cifp&maumif;ygw,f} bmaMumifyh cJ scs…tJ'rD w S cf suu f awmh uReaf wmht f wGuf wefz;kd aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

57

&Sdwm trSefyJ/ uRefawmf (avmavmq,f) a&TaomheJY w&if;wESD; cifcGifh&&ifawmif auseyfrSm trSefygyJ/ udkodcFtaMumif; rygbJ eJaY v…/ a&Taomhu uRefawmfhudk Fuji Coffee House udk ac:oGm;ygw,f/ ae&mu t&rf;udk oD;oefYqefwJh ae&myg/ uRefawmf wpfcgrS ra&mufzl;ayr,hf a&TaomhMunhf&wmawmh tJ'Dae&meJY use to jzpf aewJh yHkyJ/ um;0ifwm? um; parking ,lwmutp driver udk oluyJ wdwdusus nTefMum;w,f/ txJ 0ifoGm;awmhvnf; olru pm;yJG wpfvHk;qD wef;oGm;w,f/ olYtdrfolY,mudk jyefvmwJh vlwpfa,muf vdkyJ olrudk Munhf&wm oufaomifhoufom &SdvGef;vSygw,f/ ]a&mh…menu &SifrSmcsifwmrSm/ uRefruawmh corn soup eJY vegetable salad yJ rSmr,f} uRefawmfuawmh menu udk zwfNyD; uRefawmf pm;aeust&m udkyJ rSmvdkufygw,f/ uRefawmhftwGuf ta&;BuD;wmu tpm;r[kwf bl;av…/ ]'geJY a&Taomh…} ]bmvJ…} ]a&Taomhu bmwufaewmvJ…} ]'Dausmif;rSmvm;} ]tif;av…} ]bmwufaew,fxifvJ…} oluyJ ar;cGef;jyefxkwfaeygao;w,f/ ]Diploma wpfcck ak wmh xifwmyJ…} ]½kyu f master ½kyaf omfvnf;aumif;? Ph.D ½kyaf omfvnf;aumif; raygufbl;vdkY qdkvdkcsifvdkufwmvm;…} ]tm…r[kwfygbl;…} ]bmyJajymajym…&Siaf wmfygw,f…} ]Asm…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

58

raemf[&D

]awmfw,fvdkY diploma wufaewm trSefyJav…} ]bm diploma vJ…} ]bm diploma vdkY xifv…

J } pdwfnpf&wJhtxJrSm tJ'gawG ygwmaygh/ uRefawmfu 'Dausmif; xJrSm HRD u diploma wef; b,fESckavmuf vmzGifhxm;NyD; bm awGyg…qdkwm pm&if;aumufxm;wJh aumifrS r[kwfwm? b,fodEdkif yghrvJ…} ]rxifwwfbl;…} ]awmifilbufrSmwufwm…} ]awmifilbufrSmu tpHk&SdwmyJ/ Global aum DBL wkdY? Apply Psychology wdkY? DML wkdY tpHky… J rxifwwfbl;} ]uRefr Global wufaewm…} ]aMomf…tcef;ua&m…} ]bmvkyfrvdkYvJ…} olru uRefawmfhudk rouFmovdk MunhfNyD; jyefar;w,f/ trSef u 'Dar;cGef;u wpfcsufckwf ESpfcsufjywfwJhar;cGef;yg/ uRefawmfod csifwma&m? udkodcFar;&if ajzEdkifzdkYaum? &mcdkifEIef;eJYwGuf&ifawmh uRefawmfodcsifwmu ydkrsm;w,f/ ]odxm;&atmifyg…} ]odawmh bmvkyfrvdkYvJ…vmvnfrSmvm;} ]vmvnfvkdY &vdkYvm;…tif;…uRefawmfu wpfreufvHk; rtm; wwfbl;…cifAsm;wufwmu b,ftcsdefvJ…} ]reufapmapm…} ]vJw G myJ…} ]pdwfraumif;ygbl;} olru &JGUwJhwJh avoHav;eJY ajymygw,f/ uRefawmfu wu,f pdwfraumif;wmyg/ olwdkYvdk vQmzsm;av;eJY r[kwfygbl;/ avmavm q,f ydkpdwfraumif;p&maumif;wmu teD;tem;rSm udkodcFudk aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

59

taMumif;Mum;p&m zkef;r&SdwmyJ/ 'Daumifrav;uvnf; Munhfawmh om wu,hu f kd smart usus tqifjh rifjh rifch sr;f csr;f omom yHak ygufwm? vufxJrSmawmh vufudkifzkef; ryg&Smbl;/ ]&Sif…bmMuHaejyefwmwHk;…} a&mufvmwJh pm;p&mudk uRefawmhfa&SU a&TUay;&if; uRefawmfhudk rouFmovdk ar;jyefygw,f/ ]cifAsm;uvnf; tvum;ae vludk rouFmaewmyJ…} ]bmvdkY NidrfoGm;vJ…} ]pOf;pm;aewm} ]bmpOf;pm;aewmvJ} ]cifAsm;av; tvkyfrS r[kwfwm…} 'DvdkajymvdkY NidrfcHoGm;r,f rxifygeJY/ r,frif;BuD;rav; jyefajym yHkudk MunhfygOD;/ ]uRefreJY rqdkif&if uRefra&SUrSm rpOf;pm;eJY…}wJh/ uRefawmfuawmh zkef;r&Sdawmhwm aocsmoGm;wJhtwGuf pdwf xJuae udkodcFudk a&pufcsvdkufrdw,f/ 'Dwpfcgawmh vJGjyefNyDaygh/ trSefu apmapmu pmMunhfwdkufutxGuf a&SUbufrSm oGm;quf& rSm/ 'gayr,hf ra&Tacsm&JU a&Ta&mifum;BuD;u cyfwnfwnfeJY pm Munhfwdkuf0ef;xJxd 0if&yfaeawmh um;ay:yJ t&ifwufcJh&w,f/ olruawmh corn soup udk arT&if; uRefawmfhudk ar;w,f/ ]ck pOf;pm;aewJhxJ odcFtaMumif;aum ygvm;…} ]tif;…ygw,f…} ]ck…a&TaomheYJ awGUaeNyq D Nkd y;D udo k cd aF & vmygvkv Yd rS ;f taMumif; Mum;rvdkYvm;…} jrwfpGmbk&m;…/ uRefawmf a,mufsm;&ihfrBuD;om r[kwf&if a,mif,rf;NyD; bk&m;udk tus,fBuD; wrdrSmyJ/ tMum;tjrif&ygw,f qdkwJh yk*¾dKvfawGawmif 'Daumifrav;avmuf rSefEdkifyghrvm; awG;rd w,f/ uRefawmf rsufvHk;jyL; Munhfaewkef; olru qufajymw,f/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

60

raemf[&D

]tjyifrSm &yfxm;wJh um;&,f? '½dkifbm&,fudk ausmf0ifvmEdkif r,fxif&if a&mh…} vufudkiftdwfao;ao;av;xJu zkef;wpfvHk; xkwfay;ygw,f/ uReaf wmfjzifh ckxd bmjyefajym&rSe;f udk rodao;wm/ tvum;ae&if; a&Taomhuv kd nf; ausmcsr;f csio f vdk jzpfvmrdw,f/ olrudk Munh&f wm yuwdygyJ/ uReaf wmfuyJ oltuJcwfEikd af vmufatmif vIycf wfomG ; cJhrdvdkYrsm;vm;…/ 'gqdkvnf; uRefawmhf&ifxJu vIyfcwfrItm;vHk;udk rajym&yJeJY odvdkufygawmhvm;…/ uRefawmfu awG;aumif;wkef; olru qufajymw,f/ ]wjcm;enf; pOf;pm;ygvm; MoZm&,f? uRefrvnf; odcFeJY cPyJ jzpfjzpf awGUcsifygao;w,f}wJh/ wpfvkwfpm;zl; olYaus;Zl;wJh…/ olauR;wmudk pm;aewm aocsmayr,hf olYudk wjcm;enf;eJYyJ aus;Zl;qyfcsifaerdwm? uRefawmf rvGefbl; xifyg&JU…/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

61

(ps) xH;k pHtwdik ;f jzpfaMumif;&,fuek pf ifukd jyefajymjyvdu k af wmh nDnD u rausreyfeJY ajymrqHk;bl;/ ]rif;uvnf;uGm…'Dum;eJY '½dkifbmudk ausmfEdkifwJh owådavmuf awmh udkodcFrSm &SdrSmyg…} udkodcFu rvIyfygbl;/ nDnDuyJ xyfajymw,f/ ]rausmEf ikd v f nf; ra&mufcifu vSr;f Munh½f akH vmufqkd &ygw,f} udkodcFu enf;enf;jyHK;w,f/ jyHK;w,fqdk½Hkav;? nDnDuyJ quf ajymw,f/ ]rMunh&f vnf; olzY ek ;f eHygwfavmufawmh awmif;cJo h ifw h maygh…} 'gvnf; udkodcFu raxmufcHygbl;/ nDnDyJ olYpum;ol jyefjyif w,f/ ]tif;av… vlcsif;awGU&rS jzpfrSm? zkef;ajymvdkY ½kyfjrif&wmrS r[kwfwm…} udkodcFawmh rodbl;/ uRefawmfu tawmfem;Mum;jyif;uwfae Ny… D / 'gaMumifh rsufarSmifudk tpGrf;ukefMuKwfNyD; nDnDhudk Munfh vdkufrdw,f/ 'DawmhrS nDnDu oGm;jzJav;eJY &,fw,f…/ ]ig…udkodcF…udk,fpm; ajymay;aewm…} udkodcFu uRefawmhfudk ar;w,f…/ ]olY security u tJavmufawmif rmwm aocsmvm;} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

62

raemf[&D

]'gawmh rodbl;udkodcF…tJ'D '½dkifbmu Avawmh cyfaumif; aumif;yJ…} ]rif;eJYus tqifajyvm;} ]ajyygw,f/ olwdkYMunhf&wm a&TaomhrdbawG rSmxm;wJh udkodcF uvJG&if um;ay: b,folac:wifwif b,foleJYawGUawGU cGifhjyKr,hf yHyk gyJ…} uRefawmfuawmh pdwfxJrSm &SdwJhtwdkif; ajymvdkufrdwmyg/ udkodcF pdwfraumif;jzpfoGm;yHk &w,f/ ]wu,fawmh a&Taomhu igh&JU aus;Zl;&Sifyg/ olYb0eJY &if;NyD; awmhukd ighb0udk wnfaqmufay;oGm;cJw h m? ol[m wu,fyJ a&Taomh qdk&if igvnf; awGUcsifovdk olvnf; awGUcsifrSmyJ? awGUvnf; awGU oifyh gw,f/ cufwmu 'Db0[m a&TaomhtwGuf b,fvkd pmrsuEf mS topfawG jy|mef;xm;rSef;rS rodwmyJ…} udkodcF&JU aqG;aqG;jrnhfjrnfh avoHawGMum;rSm uRefawmfaum nDnDyg arsmhcsifoGm;&w,f/ tJ'D jy|mef;csuftopf&JU pmrsufESmawG xJrSm uRefawmf[m wpfpdwfwpfa'oawmh ygaeavmufw,fvdkY zswfceJ awG;rdwmu wpfu@aygh/ raocsmwmu Zmwf&HZmwfydkY vm;? rif;om;vm;/ rif;om;qdkcJh&ifawmif Zmwfodrf;xd ZmwfnTef;xJ ygr,hf rif;om;vm;…apmapmpD;pD; a0;oGm;&r,hf rif;om;vm; qdk wmygyJ…/ ]'Dvdk vkyfygvm; udkodcF…} tvkdufuef;qdk; rodwJh ynm&Sd nDnDu 0ifajymjyefygw,f/ 'D wpfcgawmh udkodcFu nDnDhpum;udk tzufvkyf&Smygw,f/ ]b,fvdkvJ…nDnD…} ]udkodcFu wpfae&muae apmifhaeNyD; MoZmu a&Taomhudk ac: vmwmrsdK;…} ]&rvm;uG…igrS olYrydkifwm…} uRefawmfu tJ'Dvdk jiif;awmh udkodcFu axmufcHygw,f/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

63

]tif;av…tJvdkawmh b,f&rvJ nDnD&JU} ]r[kwfbl;av udkodcF&JU? ckvdkyJ MoZmudk a&Taomhu vmac:NyD; wpfae&m&m oGm;awmhr,fqdk&if b,foGm;r,fqdkwm BudKzkef;quf xm;vdkuf? tJ'Duae udkodcFu BudKapmifhaevdkuf…} udkodcFu &,fw,f/ ]qdk;awmh rqdk;ygbl;/ 'gayr,hf ajymcJhzl;ovdkyJ MoZmtaMumif; Mum;rSmeJY igxGufvmrSmeJYawmif tqifajyzdkY rvG,f&wJhxJ BudKapmifh ae&r,fqdkwmBuD;u rjzpfEdkifavmufygbl;…} ]'gqdk…udkodcFwdkY ½Hk;em;u wpfae&m&m qdk&ifaum…} ]b,fvdkrS rjzpfEdkifbl;} 'gu uRefawmf 0ifjiif;vdkufwmyg/ udkodcFuaum? nDnDua&m uRefawmfhudk pl;prf;aiGUawG ygwJh tMunhfeJY Munhfw,f/ uRefawmf&Sif; jy&awmhrmS aygh…/ ]'Dvdkav…} ]b,fvdkvJ &Sif;prf;ygOD;} nDnDu cyfaxhaxhavoHeJY ajymw,f…/ ]udkodcFeJY ywfoufvm&if tm;vHk; wm;jrpfxm;rSawmh udkodcF ½H;k udv k nf; odaerSmyJ? 'Dawmh tJ'D {&d,mwpf0u kd u f v kd nf; a&SmifrmS yJ? oGm;vdkY &rSm r[kwfbl;vdkY uRefawmf awG;rdvkdYyg…} udkodcFu acgif;wpfcsufndwfNyD; axmufcHw,f/ ]xm;vdkufyguGm? rD;pifMunhfuwmaygh/ udk,fwkdY awGUcGifhMuHKvm &if awGU&rSmyJ…rMuHKawmhvnf; rMuHKvdkYyJvdkY xm;vdkufyg/ odcF b0 rSmu 'grsdK;awGu odyfrqef;awmhygbl;…} 'Dvdkusawmhvnf; udkodcFudk uRefaawmf oem;oGm;&jyefw,f/ ]oHa,mZOf}qdkwmu rD;aiGUaiGUav;eJY wlw,f/ tcefYroifh&if ylNyD; xawmufcsif awmufaeEdkifao;wJh t&mrsdK;av/ 'DxJrSmrS udkodcF b0u cspw f o hJ al wGeYJ auGuiG ;f cJ&h ao;w,fqakd wmh ck uReaf wmf cHpm; ae&wmeJYpm&if ydkNyD; oem;p&maumif;aejyefygw,f/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

64

raemf[&D

nDnDu apmapmu 0if½IyfcJhwm olr[kwfovdkeJY olY computer screen ay: qif v uf p design ay: tm½H k a &muf o G m ;jyef w ,f / uRefawmfuvnf; bmqufajym&rSef; rod/ udkodcFudkyJ ajzodrfhay; &rvm;? udk,hfudk,fudkyJ ajzodrfh&rvm; Za0Z0gjzpfaeqJ…/ udkodcF uawmh wpfpHkwpfckudk owd&oGm;ovdk ]cP} qdkNyD; olYtcef;buf jyeful;oGm;w,f/ udkodcF xGufoGm;awmhrS nDnDu uRefawmhfbuf jyefvSnhfvm w,f/ ]MoZm…} ]bmvJ…} ]rif; Munhf&wm wpfckck rSm;aeovdkyJ…} ]rSm;w,f…[kwfvm;} ][kwfw,f…} ]wpfcku vdkYvm;uGm} trSefu uRefawmfwpfckru rSm;aewmyg/ 'gayr,hf pum;udk ayghoGm;atmif vkyfvdkufovdkrsdK;eJY nDnDhudk jyefar;vdkufw,f/ nDnD u &,fw,f/ ]wpfcku ru uawmh rif;rSyJ odrSmayghuGm…} ]rif;u bmawG vmajymaejyefwmvJ nDnD…} ]wnhfwnhfajym&&ifawmh rif; a&Taomhudk &ifxJxnhfvdkufrdNyD vm;…} jrwfpGmbk&m;? ckwavm uRefawmf tMum;tjrifynm&SifawGeJY csnf; awGUaeovm; rSwf&w,f/ uRefawmf csufcsif;rSm bmjyefajz &rSe;f rodb;l / aMumiftaerdw,f/ olwu Ykd yJ vSyv f eG ;f awmfveG ;f wm vm;? uRefawmfuyJ olrsm; tuJcwfEdkifavmufatmif txdef;tcsKyf rJhaevdkYvm; pOf;pm;r&bl;…/ ]rif;…bmvkdY tJvdk ar;&wmvJ…} ]rif;Munhf&wm [efrS r[efyJ…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

65

]r[efavmufatmif igu bmjzpfaevdkYvJ…} ]wjcm;olYtwGufawmh rjzpfygbl;/ ightwGufuawmh jzpfw,f/ bmjzpfvkdYvJqdkawmh cgwdkif; wufwuf<u<ueJY olrsm;udk cJ&mcJqpf awmif ulnDwwfwJholu ckus aESmifhaES;aewmu wpfrsdK;? qefYusif bufawG awG;;wmu wpfrsdK;? rjzpfEdkifwJh ½Iaxmifhucsnf; ywfjrif aewmu wpfzHkeJY…} olYpJGcsufawGu rsm;oavmuf rSefoifhoavmufvnf; rSefae jyefawmh rcufb;l vm;? uReaf wmf 0efccH siv f Ykd r[kwaf yr,hf bmajym& rvJ pOf;pm;&if; w'*Favmuf NidrfoufoGm;rdw,f/ aocsmwmu awmh 'Dtcsed rf mS uReaf wmf 0efrcHcsiaf o;bl;/ 'Dvjkd zpfomG ;wm wu,f [kwfr[kwf…uRefawmhfudk,fuRefawmfvnf; ppfaMumMunhf&OD;r,f/ NyD;awmh…udkodcF rsufESmuvnf; &Sdao;w,f/ ]tJvdkawmh r[kwfygbl; nDnD&m…} ][kwfavmufeD;eD;vm;…} ]tm…tJvdkvnf; r[kwf&ygbl;} ]aocsmvm;…} ]aocsmvm;…} 'Dar;cGef;udkawmh uRefawmf oHa,mifvdkufrdw,f/ [kwfw,f av/ aocsmw,fvdkY ajzvdkY rjzpfovdk raocsmbl;vdkYvnf; ajzvdkYrS r&wm/ 'gayr,hf tvdkufuef;qdk; rodwJh nDnDu xyfar;w,f/ ][kwfw,f…aocsmvm;vdkY ar;wm…} ]rodbl;…} a&S;vlBuD;awG ajymcJhwJh ]bl;wpfvHk;aqmif tdkawmif rqif;&J bl;} qdkwJh pum;yHkudk ,lNyD; oHk;vdkuf&w,f/ ckcsdefrSm 'g[m ]Oy'f vGwfí ½dk;om;aom rkom0g'}av/ nDnDuawmh acgif;ndwfw,f/ ]rqdk;ygbl;? 'Davmuf od&&if auseyfygw,f}wJh/ auseyfygrSyJ? rauseyfvdkYvnf; r&awmhbl;/ udkodcFtcef;buf u wHcg;ydwfoH Mum;vdkuf&NyDav…/ puúefYydkif;twGif; udkodcFu aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

66

raemf[&D

a&mufvmawmhrmS …/ udkodcFjyef0ifvmawmh vufxJrSm uRefawmfwkdY aomufzkdY Coke oHk;bl; ygvm;w,f/ wpfbl;pD a0iSay;vdkuf&if;… ]wpfck owd&vdkY oGm;,lwm…} qdkNyD; tusÐtdwfxJu wpfpHkwpfckudk EdIufxkwfvdkufw,f/ vuf xJ ygvmwmu a&S;a[mif;aMu;0gaomheJY wlaom a&Ta&mifaomh uav;wpfacsmif;/ tJ'Daomhuav;ay:rSm ausmufteDtjzLav; awG wpfa&mifjcm; pDxm;ao;w,f/ ]vSvdkufwm…} nDnDu zswfceJ vSrf;,lMunhfw,f/ ][kwfw,f/ tJ'g a&Taomh[myJ? a&Taomh usefcJhwmudk araru odrf;xm;cJhwm/ tJ'gav; olYudk jyay;vdkufyg/ olbmajymrvJ udk,f odcsifw,f…} nDnu D ckxd toHrxGuaf o;wJh uReaf wmhu f kd aomhuav; vSr;f ay;w,f/ aomhrS wu,hfaomhyg/ avmhuufvnf; r[kwfbl;/ bm &nf&G,fcsufeJY vkyfxm;rSef;vnf; rodbl;/ uRefawmf odp&mrvdkwm vnf; jzpfcsifjzpfrSmaygh…/ uRefawmf aomhuav;udk vSrf;,lvdkufw,f/ NyD;awmh b,folrS rodatmifvnf; pdwful;,Ofvdkufao;w,f/ 'Daomhuav;[m uRefawmhftwGuf a&;om;xm;wJh pmrsufESm awGudk zGifhay;r,hf aomhuav;omqdk b,favmuf aumif;vdkuf rvJvYk… d /

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

67

(n) 'Dwpfcgawmh twef;udk rzsufpzl; zsufNyD; awmifilaqmif Canteen u OD;cspfqdkifrSm xdkif&if; reufydkif; Global awG qif;wmudk rodrom xdkifapmihfaerdwmu uRefawmfjzpfoGm;w,f/ xHk;pHtwdkif; tJ'Dtcsdefus wjcm; Apply Psychology wdkY? DBL wdkYvdk Diploma wef;awGvnf; qif;awmh vlawGudk trsm;BuD;yJ/ 'Davmufrsm;wJh vlawGxJrSm a&Taomhudk &Sm&wm cufw,fvdkY xif&ifrSm;rSmayg/ awmifilaqmifa&SUrSm &yfxm;wJh olYum;a&Ta&mifBuD;u b,fvdkrS ajy;rvGwfwJh ypfrSwfyJav/ tJ'Dudk Munhfae½HkyJaygh/ 'gayr,hf um; ay:u '½dkifbmu uRefawmhfudk wpfcsufwpfcsuf vSrf;MunhfaeyHku wpfrsdK;yJ/ oleJYuRefawmf qHkaewm ESpfcgawmif &SdNyD/ odaeNyDvdkY ajym &ifvnf; &wJholawGudk EIwfrqufbJ MunhfaeyHku wpfrsdK;BuD;…/ a[m…awGUygNyD/ um;em;udk wa&GUa&GU vSrf;vmaewJh a&Taomh qdkwJhaumifrav;/ awmf½Hktom;ta&eJY b,fvdkrS rvdkufzufEdkifwJh ik0ga&mifawmufawmufudk tndKa&mif pu'feJY wJG0wfxm;w,f/ uRefawmf cyfoGufoGufyJ vSrf;xGufoGm;vdkufw,f/ ]a&Taomh…} ]t,f…MoZm…} ]odcFaeaumif;w,fodvm;…} uRefawmhfEIwfqufyHku uav;awG uvJhpm;acsovdkrsm; jzpfae vm; rodbl;/ 'gayr,hf a&Taomhu rsufapmif;av;xdk;NyD; cspfpzG,f jyHK;w,f/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

68

raemf[&D

]'Dwpfcg MoZmu vmawGUwmjzpfwJhtwGuf MoZmauR;&r,hf tvSnhf? uRefr breakfast rpm;&ao;bl;} ]vmav…wpfcgwnf; 0ifpm;? uReaf wmf OD;csprf mS xdik af ewm…} a&Taomhu ESmacgif;av; ½HIUw,f/ ]tukeftusawG rsm;aeOD;r,f…wJh/ ]tm…uRefawmfu tJvdkajymwm r[kwfygbl;/ awGUwJhae&m ac:rdwmyg/ a&Taomhu b,frSm pm;csifwmvJ…} ]a&Taomhvm;…} ]tif;av…} ]avaumif;avoefY &wJh urf;yg;ab;u qdkifrsdK;rSm… pm;csif wm…} ]tif;vsm;vm;…oGm;av} ]r[kwfbl;? ykodrfu qdkifwpfqdkifudk ajymwm…} ]tm…} olYbmomolajymNyD; olYbmomol oabmwus &,faeao; w,f/ ]uJyg…ckawmh tif;vsm;yJ oGm;&atmif…} uRefawmfu ajymawmh ol rjiif;ygbl;/ ]aumif;wmyJ… vm av…} qdkNyD; um;ay:wufoGm;vdkY vdkufwufcJh&w,f/ ckeu uRef awmfhudk vSrf;vSrf;NyD; csdKMunhfMunhfaewwfwJh '½dkifbmBuD;u ckawmh vnf; bmrS rjzpfovdkeJY…/ tif;vsm;a&mufawmh uRefawmfwkdY ]&Srf;tdk;pnf}rSm xdkifjzpfMu w,f/ a&TaomhMunhf&wm &Srf;pmudk MudKufyHkyJ/ &Srf;acgufqJG? wdk[l; aMumf? aumfzDawGrSmw,f/ uRefawmhfudkvnf; vSrf;ar;vdkufao; w,f/ ]bmrS rpm;bl;vm;? uRefrpm;wm rsm;vdkYvm;} ]r[kwfbl;? uRefawmfu OD;cspfudk tapmBuD;wnf;u a&muf aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

69

aewm? vufzuf&nfeJY rkefYpm;xm;vdkY ck wdk[l;aMumfpm;r,fav…} ]pm;pm;…'geJY &Sifu udpö&SdvdkY vmapmifhaewmvm;} b,fvdkajz&rSef;awmif rodbl;? udpöuawmh &Sdwmaygh/ udkodcF udpöa&m uRefawmfawGUcsifwJhudpöa&m…/ ]qdkygawmh…} ]bmudwfvJ…} ]aomhudwf…} uRefawmfu tdwfxJu tzdk;wefausmufpD a&S;a[mif; a&Taomh av;udk &nf&G,fNyD; ajymwmyg/ olu olYudk aemufw,fxifNyD; rsufapmif;xdk;w,f/ 'DaeYol uRefawmfudk rsufapmif;xdk;wm ESpfcg &SdygNyD/ 'gayr,hf ol rsufapmif;xdk;wmu olrsm;awGeJY rwlyJ cspfp&m aumif;aeawmh uRefawmfyJ 'ku©a&muf&awmhwmaygh/ ]aemufwm r[kwfygbl? wu,fajymwmyg…} ]bm…wu,fajymwmvJ…} ]aomhudpö…qdkwm} a&TaomhrsufarSmifav; MuKwfoGm;w,f/ ]bm…aomhupd v ö J…} ]'Daomhav…} uRefawmfh&SyftusÐtdwfxJu ausmufpDa&S;a[mif;a&Taomhav; udk xkwfjyvdkufw,f/ ][if…} a&Taomh wtHhwMo NidrfoufoGm;yHku azmfrjywwfatmifyJ/ uRefawmhf vufz0g;ay:u aomhuav;udk aumufr,lMunhfyJ ao csm pl;pl;av; Munhfaew,f/ ]'g…'g b,fu &vJ} ]udkodcFay;cdkif;vdkufwm…} ]odcF…[kwfvm;} ][kwfw,f} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

70

raemf[&D

]odcFua&m b,fu &wmvJ} olar;yHku wpfrsdK;yJ/ udkodcFay;wkef;u ajymvdkufwmavmuf r&Sif;vif;ovdkyJ…/ ]olb,fu &vJawmh rodbl;? 'Daomhuav;u a&Taomh[m… wJh/ a&TaomhusefcJhwmudk olYararu odrf;xm;cJhwm…wJh} ]odrf;xm;cJhwm…} a&Taomh oHa,mifvdkufw,f/ ckxd tJ'Daomhuav;udk vSrf; vnf; r,l? udkifvnf; rMunhfygbl;…/ ]r[kwfvdkYvm;…} ]bmudkvJ} ]'Daomhu a&Taomh[mqdkwm…} a&Taomh oufjyif;wpfcsufudk av;av;yifyif csypfvdkufwmudk uRefawmf awGU&w,f/ NyD;rS… ]a&Taomh[mvdkY ajym&if &rSmvm;rodbl;} ]b,fvdk…} ]uRefr tJ'gav;udk azazeJY c&D;xGuf&if; xl;xl;qef;qef; aumuf&cJw h m…} ]aumuf&wm…[kwfvm;…} ][kwfw,f? tJ'Daomh aumuf&NyD; aemufwpfaeYyJ a&TaomhwkdY jyefvmMuwm…} tpu 'Daumifrav;u olYudk,fol ]udk,f}vdkY ajymvdkuf ]uRefr} vdkY ajymvdkufeJY? ckus ]a&Taomh}vdkYyg ajymvmNyD/ olY ]raemjzL}qdkwJh emrnfav;u oem;p&m/ ]jyefvmw,fqdkawmh…} ][kwfw,f? tJ'DtjyefrSmyJ a&TaomheJYazaz tufqD;'ifh jzpf wm…} uRefawmfu pum;tqHk;rSm NidrfoufoGm;wJh a&Taomhudk Munhf &if; awG;jzpfatmif awG;vdkufao;w,f/ awmf½HkukodkvfeJYawmh a&T aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

71

aomh[m csufcsif;vltjzpf jyef0ifpm;rSm r[kwfbl;vdkY? 'gaMumifh a&Taomhu 'DausmufpDaomhuav;udk &efolvdk pl;pl;av; MunhfaecJh wmudk;/ vufzsm;eJYawmif xdrMunhfbl;…/ 'gudk udkodcFararu b,fu b,fvdk aumufodrf;cJhw,f rod Edkifbl;/ olwkdYuawmh a&TaomheJY ywfoufw,fqdkNyD; w,kw, odrf; xm;MurSmaygh/ wu,fawmhvnf; 'Daomhuav;rSm tjypf&SdcsifrS &Sd &SmrSmyg/ tajctaetaMumif;w&m;awG tukew f u kd q f ikd o f mG ;cJh awmh w&m;cHu 'Daomhuav;vdk jzpfae&awmhwmaygh/ ]'gqdk…uRefawmfu 'Daomhav;udk b,fvdkvkyf&rvJ…udkodcF qD jyef,loGm;&rSmvm;} ],loGm;vdkufyg} ]a&Taomhu bmvdYk r,lwmvJvYkd ar;&if b,fvkd ajymjy& rvJ…} ]'Daomhu uRefreJY rqdkifbl;vdkYyJ ajymjyvdkufyg} ]aumif;ygNyD} uRefawmf aomhuav;udk tdwfxJ jyefxnhfxm;vdkufw,f/ wu,fawmh ckcsdefrSm 'Daomhu uRefawmhftwGuf Zmwf&Houfouf yJ/ olYtcef;u@ ryg&vdkYvnf; bmrS rjzpfbl;/ ckcsdefrSm uRefawmhf twGuf ta&;BuD;wmu vlaomhuav;yJav/ ]a&Taomh…} ]bmvJ…} ]'DaeY uRefawmf twef;zsufvmwm odvm;} ]tif;…&Sifhygarmu©u ar;&if nDrav;udk ulNyD; vlrrm apmifh ay;aevdkY vdkY ajymvdkufaygh…} a&Taomhu olYvkyf&yfudk owdw&jyefajymw,f/ olvkyfwmeJY uRefawmhfvdk&if;awmif b,fa&mufoGm;rSef; rodbl;/ ]uRefawmfu twef;zsufavh&Sdwm r[kwfbl;…} ]tjyifuyJ acsmif;wwfwmr[kwfvm;…} uRefawmfeJY yxrqHk; ausmif;rSm jyefawGUwJhaeYu taMumif;udk aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

72

raemf[&D

jyefajymwmyg/ olrSwfrdaewmyJ…/ ]tJ'Dwkef;u tazcdkif;xm;wJhudpöawG &SdvdkY…} ]ckvnf; udkodcFcdkif;xm;wJh udpö &Sdw,f r[kwfvm;} 'DwpfcgyJ olYqDu ]udkodcF}qdkwJh pum;vHk;udk Mum;zl;w,f/ ]udkodcF cdkif;vdkY&,f r[kwfygbl;? uRefawmfudku vmvnfcsif vdkYyg} ]'gqdk MoZmu uRefr{nfhonfaygh/ uRefru jyefauR;&rSmaygh…

'Dvdkvm;} ][m…tJvdk r[kwfygbl;} 'Daumifrav; Munhf&wm uRefawmhfpum;awGudk vdkufNyD; zsuf xkwfaeovdkyJ/ aemufwef;cHppfabmvHk;orm; usaewmyJvdkY awG; rdw,f/ tawG;eJYtwl jyHK;rdwmaygh/ ]bmjyHK;wmvJ…} ]aMomf…uReaf wmf twef;zsuNf y;D abmvH;k yJMG unhrf w d t hJ aMumif; awG;rdvdkY…} ]abmvHk;yJG[kwfvm;? y&DrD;,m;vd*fvm;? F.A Cup vm;? Series A vm;? pydefyJGawGvm;…} Aka'¨g…/ olu uRefawmhfxuf omaeygvm;/ uRefawmfurS yg;pyfxJ awGU&majymrdwm? abmvHk;yJGudk Munhfavhodyf&SdwJhaumifrS r[kww f m…/ ]wpfckrS r[kwfbl;? ta0;uGif;rSm uefwm r[kwfbl;} ]tdrfuGif;rSmvm;…} ]qdkygawmh…} ]bmeJY bmvJ…} ]aemufwef; cHppform;aumif;wJh yJGav;… olr uReaf wmfu h kd em;rvnfovdk rsuaf rSmifMuKwf Munhyf g w,f/ uRefawmfvnf; &Sif;jyraeawmhbl;/ yJGu qufuefvdkYrS r&awmhwm/ t0gu'fjycHae&&if raumif;bl;av/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

73

(p) a&Taomhu aomhuav;u ol[ Y m r[kwb f ;l vdYk ajymNy;D r,lvu kd f bl;vdkY ajymwJhtcg udkodcFu aomhudk a&TaomhvdkyJ wapäwpfaumif vdk Munhfw,f/ uRefawmhfqDuvnf; jyefr,lbl;/ pm;yJGay:rSm csay; vdkufawmhvnf; xdawmif rxdbl;/ nDnDuawmh uRefawmfhudk oHo, odyfruif;csifwJh tMunhfeJY Munhfw,f/ rwwfEdkifbl;/ 'g[m uRefawmfhvkyfMuHrI? r½dk;om;rI wpfckrS rygwmudk ½dk;½dk;om;om;BuD; ajym&Jw,f/ ]'Daomhudk b,fu &wmvJ…udkodcF…} nDnDu ausmufpDaomhuav;udk aumufudkifNyD; ar;w,f/ ]Accident jzpfNyD; olY body ay:u &wmvdkY tarajymwmyJ…} olYtar rrSm;avmufygbl;/ 'g… a&Taomhaumuf&cJhwmyJ/ a&Taomhudk,fay:u &wmawmif jzpfEdkifw,f/ 'gayr,hf a&Taomhu oleJY rqdkifbl;vdkYyJ jiif;cdkif;vdkufwmav…/ ]olrodatmif wpfa,mufa,mufu olYtdwfxJ xnhfvdkufvdkY aerSmaygh…} nDnDhpum;u olwu,fawG;rdwmvm;? uRefawmhfudk &dwmvm; awmif rcJGwwfawmhygbl;/ udkodcFuawmh acgif;cgw,f/ ]rjzpfEdkifbl;…} ]bmrjzpfEikd w f mvJ…udkodcF…} uRefawmfu uRefawmhfudk r,HkovdkBuD; jzpfaewJh pum;wpfcGef; twGuf jyefar;rdw,f/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

74

raemf[&D

]qdkvdkwmu ESpfckvHk;yg/ nDnDajymwmvnf; rjzpfEdkifbl;/ MoZm ajymwmvnf; rjzpfEdkifbl;…} ]'gqdk 'gu a&Taomh[m r[kwfbl;qdkwm rjzpfEdkifbl;aygh…} ][kwfw,f…'gayr,hf…tJ'D[kwfw,fu MoZmudk r,HkvdkY ajym wm r[kwfbl;/ 'Daomhav;[m a&TaomheJY ywfoufaewm aoao csmcsmBuD; udk,f,Hkxm;vdkY ajymwm…} ]b,fvdkrsdK; ,Hkxm;wmvJ…} ]'gu ajym&cufw,f…} ajym&cufw,f qdkNyD; udkodcFNidrfoGm;ayr,hf udkodcFudk Munhf& wmawmh pum;vHk; a&G;aeyHkyJ…/ 'gaMumifh uRefawmfaum nDnDyg olYqDu xGufvmr,hf pum;vHk;awGudk apmifhaevdkufw,f/ uRefawmf wkdY pum;ajymaeMuwmu uRefawmfwkdY aewJh &yfuGufxJu vuf zuf&nfqdkifBuD;rSmyg/ nu eufaeNyDrdkY vlawmif&Sif;p jyKaeNyD/ 'gayr,hf 'Dqdkifu awmfawmfBuD;udk neufwJhxd zGifhygw,f/ wpfcg wav abmvHk;yJGawGawmif Live jywJhwGuf rdk;vif;aygufavmufxd ygyJ/ uRefawmfawmif nDnDeJYtwl abmvHk;yJG vmMunhfzl;ao;w,f/ abmvHk;yJGtaMumif; awG;rdjyefawmh aemufwef; cHppfaumif;wJh uRefawmhf&JU abmvHk;toif;av;udk oGm;owd&w,f/ 'Dtcsdefqdk uRefawmhfabmvHk;toif;av; tdyfaeavmufNyDvm;vkdYvnf; awG; rdw,f/ awG;NyD;rS pdwfxJrSmvnf; a,mif,rf;NyD; bk&m;wrdw,f/ 'Dvdk puúefYwdkif;eD;yg; owd&aewwfNyD; bmvkyfaerSmygvdrfhvdkY tjrJ awG; aerdwwfwJhol[m uRefawmhf&JUb0twGuf b,fvdkvlrsdK; jzpfEdkif avmufr,f xifovJ…/ Munhf&wm uRefawmfudk,hfudk,fudk ppfwrf; rxkwf&ao;cifrSmyJ tajzu xGufvmcJhNyD xifw,f/ uRefawmf tawG;awGeJY rGef;usyfaerdwkef;rSmyJ udkodcFqDu toHMum;&w,f/ ]a&TaomhqHk;NyD;uwnf;u 'Daomhuav;udk odrf;rxm;ygeJYvkdY aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

75

a&Taomhu ararhudk tdyfrufvmay;wwfw,fwJh…} ][kwfvm;…tHhMop&myJ…} nDnDhpum;vHk;u wpfrsdK;yJ/ cufwmu rsufESmay;Munhfawmh vnf; 'Daumifrh sucf u G u f twnfpm;…/ 'g[m jzpfEikd w f myJ/ a&Taomh u 'Daomhuav;udk t,loD;aeNyDav/…/ ]udkodcFaum rrufbl;vm;…} ]rrufbl;? 'Daomhudk udk,fu rsufpdjyefjrifNyD; awmfawmfMumrS awGUzl;wmav…} ]aMomf…} ]'gayr,hf awGUwJhtcsdefrSmwnf;u 'Daomhudk jrif&if cHpm;csuf wpfrsdK;&wwfvkdY xkwfudk rMunhfrdwm…} ]b,fvdkcHpm;csufrsdK;vJ} ]rajymjywwfb;l ? aMumufwmvnf; r[kwb f ;l ? rowDwm vnf; r[kwfbl;? b,fvdkrSef; rodbl;? tJ'DMum;xJu cHpm;rIrsdK;vdkY xifwm yJ…} ]'gqdk udkodcFu 'Daomhav;udk a&TaomhqD bm&nf&G,fcsufeJY jyefay;cdkif;wmvJ} [kwfw,fav? olvdk a,mufsm;&ifhrBuD;awmif 'Dvdk Superstatious jzpfwJh cHpm;rIawG &aewJh ypönf;udk a&Taomhudk bmudpö jyef ay;cdkif;&wmwJhvJ…/ uRefawmf rpOf;pm;wwfbl;…/ ]taMumif;u ESpfcsuf&Sdw,f…} ]wpfcsufu…} ]wpfcsufu tJ'Daumifrav;[m a&Taomh0ifpm;wm [kwf r[kwf aocsmatmif comfirm vkyfcsifwm? aemufwpfcsufu … 'D aomh[m wjcm;olawGukd ud, k cf pH m;&ovdk cHpm;rI ray;Edik w f m aocsm ayr,hf a&Taomhuakd um tJvkd cHpm;rIrsKd ; ay;Edik v f m; odcsiv f Ykd ck[mu a&Taomhu olY[mr[kwfbl;vdkYyJ jiif;awmh pOf;pm;p&myJ…} uRefawmf bmajym&rSef; rodawmhbl;/ a&Taomh ajymcJhwJh aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

76

raemf[&D

taMumif;t&mawGudk jyefajymjyvdkufwmu tm;vHk; tqifajy &Sif; vif;oGm;vdrfhr,fvdkY xifwmyJ/ a&Taomhu rajymeJYvdkY rrSmvdkufay r,hf ajymzdv Yk nf; rrSmvdu k b f ;l / ajymvdu k v f v Ykd nf; tusKd ;awmh r,kwf avmufygbl;/ tusK;d &Szd yYkd J rsm;w,fvYdk uReaf wmfwu G w f ,f/ 'gaMumifh uRefawmf pum;pvdkufw,f/ ]a&Taomhuawmh ajymw,f} ]bmvJ…bmvJ} nDnDu pdwf0ifwpm;eJYar;w,f/ udkodcFuawmh olYxHk;pHtwdkif; wnfNidrfpGmyJ vSrf;Munhfw,f/ ]tJ'Daomhuav;u oleJY olYtazc&D;oGm;&if;aumuf&wmwJh} udkodcF&JU rsuf0ef;awGawmufyvmovdkyJ/ ]tJ'aD omhav; aumuf&Ny;D jyefvmwJah eYrmS yJ olwYdk accident jzpfcJhwmvdkY qdkw,f…} ]'gaMumifh a&Taomhu 'golYypönf;r[kwfbl;vdkY jiif;wmjzpfr,f xifw,f} udkodcFu rSwfcsufcsw,f/ nDnDuawmh apmapmuajym&if NyD;a&m…vdkY a&&Gwfygw,f/ ]olu olypön;f r[kwb f ;l vdyYk J ajymvdu k yf g…vdYk rSmvdu k v f Ykd ck[m u ckvdkrS r&Sif;&if r&awmhbl;qdkwmod&vkdY ajymjywm…} ]olYMunhf&wm 'Dypönf;udk oHo,&SdaevdkY aerSmaygh} nDnDu 0ifNyD; ckvdkrSwfcsufcsw,f/ ][kwfrSmaygh…'Daomh&NyD; olwkYd accident jzpfcJh&wmudk;…} uRefawmfuvnf; NyD;NyD;a&m axmufcHay;vkdufw,f/ b,fvkd rS rSwfcsufjyefrvmawmhwmu udkodcFyg/ udkodcFMunhf&wm wpfckck udk awG;aeyHkyJ/ tawmfMumrS owd0ifvmovdk ajymw,f/ ]Nidrf;aowmvnf; 'gaMumifh xifw,f…wJh…/ ]tm…rqdik w f m…} ]bmqdkifvdkYvJ} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

77

uRefawmfaum nDnDaum wpfNydKifeufwnf; jiif;ypfvdkufw,f/ olY&JU t,ltqudk vufrcHcsifwmxuf r[kwfwJh tpJGtvrf;awG acgif;xJpJGoGm;rSmpdk;wmu ydkvdrfhr,fxifygw,f/ t,loD;w,fqdkwm uvnf; awmf½HkyJ aumif;wmav…/ ]r[kwfbl;av…'Daomhudk odrf;rxm;eJYvdkY a&Taomhu vmNyD; owday;vsufeJY odrf;xm;rdw,fav? 'Daomhu Oyg'fwpfckck jzpfap vm;rS rodwm…} ]rqdik w f m udo k cd &F m…'DaomhaMumifh a&Taomh'u k j© zpfcw hJ ,f xm; OD;… aemufjzpfcsif;jzpf odrf;xm;rdwJh udkodcFeJY udkodcFtaryJ jzpf& awmhrSmav? rNidrf;u bmqdkifvdkYwHk;…} nDnDu csufusus 0ifajymw,f/ uRefawmfvnf; axmufcH vdkufw,f/ ][kwfom;yJ udkodcF&m nDnDajymwm t"dyÜm,f &Sdygw,f…} ]t"dyÜm,fawmh &Sdygw,f/ udk,fuvnf; udk,fawG;rdwmudk ajymwmyg/ Oyg'gefaMumifh Oyg'fa&muf rcHygbl;? 'gawmh pdwfcsyg…} udkodcFu uRefawmfwkdY bmudk pdk;&drfw,fqdkwmudk odovdkrsdK;eJY uwdawG jyefay;aeao;w,f/ 'DawmhrS uRefawmfwkdYvnf; bmrS r[kwfovdk &,fcsvdkuf&w,f/ ]udkodcFudk uRefawmf,Hkygw,f} ]uJ…,Hk&ifvnf; jyefMu&atmif…} uRefawmfwkdY pm;yJGxdk;udk ac:NyD; ydkufqH&Sif;w,f/ qdkifuawmh abmvHk;yJG&SdvdkY xifw,f/ vl jyefrsm;vmovdkyJ/ nDnDuawmif pm;yJG xdk;av;udk bmyJGvJvdkY vSrf;ar;aeao;w,f/ uRefawmfwkdY xGufvmcJhMuawmh n… q,hfwpfem&Dav;q,f ausmfaeNyD/ aumif;uifrSmawmh Mu,fawGu pHkvdkY?…/ ckepfpOfMu,f uvnf; ckepfaxGuBudK;eJY aumhysHaeatmif uaeav&JU/ cPaeusawmh aemufu ac:oHMum;&w,f/ vufzuf&nf qdkifu vSrf;ac:wm/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

78

raemf[&D

]aomh…aomh …aomhusefcJhw,f…} wJh/ 'DawmhrS owd&w,f/ ausmufpDaomhuav; pm;yJGay:rSm usef cJhwmudk;/ uRefawmfwkdY jyefvSnhfvmawmh pm;yJJGxdk;av;wpfa,muf vdkufvmw,f/ cyfvSrf;vSrf;a&mufawmh ]ypfvdkufr,ftpfudk} qdkNyD; vSrf;ypfay;NyD; vSnhfajy;ygava&m/ olypfr,fqdkawmh oHk;a,muf vHk; vSrf;zrf;MuwmyJ/ 'gayr,hf aomhuav;u ajrmufwufoGm;NyD; jyef usawmh b,fusoGm;rSef; rodbl;/ vrf;ab; vdrfhqif;oGm;ovdkeJY cRifoHMum;&NyD;rS b,fem;rS &Smr&awmhbl;/ uRefawmfwkdY nwpfem&D xdk;cgeD;txd oHk;a,mufom; ukef;ukef;uGuGeJY "mwfrD;xdk; &SmMuwm awmif rawGUbl;…/ ]ESajrmp&muGm} a&TeJYvkyfxm;NyD; ausmufpDxm;wmrdkY nDnDu ESajrmwoovdk ajymw,f/ udkodcFuawmh at;at;aq;aq;yJ…/ ]wpfrsdK;awmh aumif;wmyJ…}wJh/ olYpum;t"dyÜm,fudk uRefawmfaum nDnDyg aoaocsmcsmudk em;vnfvu kd w f ,f/ tif;…wpfrsKd ;ru aumif;vm&ifawmh taumif; qHk;yJayghvdkYvnf; uRefawmfu xyfawG;vdkufrdygao;w,f/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

79

(q) aemufaeYawGrmS uReaf wmf a&Taomhukd arQmv f nf; arQm?f &Sm vnf; &Smayr,hf rawGUygbl;/ olYtwef; NyD;wJhtcsdef oGm;apmifhzdkY qdkwmu uRefawmhftwef;u b,fvdkrS zsufvdkY r&wmrdkY? tqifrajy ygbl;/ 'gaMumif h ]pef ; armif } ud k &S m &w,f / ]pef ; armif } qd k w mu tJ ' D awmifilaqmifwpf0dkufrSm tjrJ &Sdwwfolyg/ [dk;tpOftquf tpfudk tpfrawGuvnf; pef;armifudk odMuw,f/ ]ig;usyfavmuf} qdkwJh acwfuwnf;u ausmif;olausmif;om;awG&JU u½kPmeJY aevdkuf wm… ck ]ig;&m}acwfawmif a&mufvmNyDjzpfovdk ri,fawmhwJh pef;armifuvnf; ynmyg pHkvmygNyD…/ ]pef;armif…[dkbuf0dkif;u tusÐtjzLeJYawGUvm;} ]awGUw,f} ]a&mh…'Dpmav; oGm;ay; ay;} ]ay;…ig;&m…} [dkbufu auseyfvdkYuawmh [dkbufuyg ]ig;&m…}? 'grsdK;wif ruygbl;/ wpfcgwav vmxdkifwwfwJh tEkynm&SifawGudk vuf rSwf xdk;cdkif;csifwJhol&Sd&ifvnf; pef;armifu ig;&meJY ulnDwmygyJ/ zkef;eHygwfawmif;cdkif;vnf; ig;&m? emrnfar;cdkif;vnf; ig;&m? pef; armif awmfawmf tqifajyygw,f/ ausmif;ydwf&ifawmh wGufajc rudkyfbl;aygh…/ tJ'geJY uRefawmfvnf; aiGig;&mudkifNyD; pef;armifudk &Sm&awmh w,f/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

80

raemf[&D

]pef;armif…vmOD;} olvmygw,f/ olYrsuf0ef;awGu uRefawmhfudk bmcdkif;rSmygvdrfh qdkwJh pl;prf;rIrsdK;eJY/ bk&m;ocifu vlwpfa,mufudk uHMur®m wpfrsdK; ay;xm;ovdk xl;jcm;rIwpfckvnf; xnhfay;vdkufwwfygw,f/ ck vnf; pef;armifudk Munhfav? olYudk vlawGu pdwfrESHUbl; ajym&if ajymr,f? a*gufwmwmyg ajym&ifajymr,f/ 'gayr,hf pef;armif 'ku©a&mufraebl;/ ]'Dem;rSm &yfaeus a&Ta&mifazsmhazsmhav;eJYum; jrifzl;vm;} ]tif;…} ]'DaeYa&m awGUao;vm;} ]awGUw,f? tJ'DtpfrBuD;u acsmw,f} uRefawmhfpum;vHk;awGudk em;axmifNyD; tawGUtMuHK rsm;aeNyD jzpfwJh pef;armifu vdktyfwJh pum;yg xnhfajymw,f/ uJ… b,fol u pef;armifudk OD;aESmufraumif;bl; ajymrvJ…/ ]tJ'Dum;vm&if tJ'DtpfrBuD;udk wpfck ajymay;…} ]tif;…bmvJ…} ]MoZmu awGUcsifaew,fvdkY…} acgif;udk qwfceJ ndwfNyD; vufudk jzefYw,f/ give & take yJ ajymrvm;? a&mh ywåjrm;? a&mh e*g;yJ ajymrvm;? aocsmwmuawmh 'Dpum;vHk;awGudk pef;armif rodavmufbl;/ 'gayr,hf tJ'gxuf jynhf0atmif olem;vnfw,f? uRefawmf ig;&m wefwpf&Guf xkwfay;vdkufw,f/ NyD;wmeJY uRefawmhfqDrSmol tm½Hkr&Sdawmhygbl;/ Canteen xJudk pdkif;pdkif;crf;vdIifqdkwJh tqdkawmfaumifav; olYoli,fcsif;awGeJY 0if vmwmudk awGUvdkuf&vdkYygyJ/ uRefawmhfqDuae ol pdkif;pdkif;qD xGuf oGm;ygNyD/ pdkif;pdkif;qDudk auto pmtkyfawG ydkYay;½HkeJYwif ol tqifajy Edik Nf yaD v…/ uRefawmfvnf; olYudk pdwfcsvufcsyJ xm;cJhvdkufawmhw,f/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

81

aemufESpf&ufavmufaeawmh uRefawmftwef;NyD;csdefrSm cash ta&SUrSm xdk;&yfxm;wJh a&Ta&mifum;av;udk awGUvdkuf&w,f/ um; em;rSm ra&Taomhu r&Syd gbl;/ cash xJrmS ywf&mS awmhrS aiGoiG ;f aewm awGU&w,f/ NyD;aeygNyD/ ]aMomf…MoZm…twef;NyD;NyDvm;…} 'DwpfcgyJ uRefawmhfemrnfudk ac:NyD; EIwfqufao;w,f/ ]tif;…} oljyeford ;f vdu k w f hJ ydu k q f t H w d x f rJ mS olY ywf(pf)ydYk yHu k av; wpfykH xnfx h m;wmawGU&w,f/ umvmeJyY …

J / tJ'rD mS wif uReaf wmf tawG; wpfck &oGm;w,f/ 'gayr,hf jyefcsifhcsdef&r,hf tawG;jzpfaevdkY cP odrf;xm;vdkuf&w,f/ ]pef;armifeJY rSmcJhw,f r[kwfvm;…} ]tif;…olvmajymvm;…} ]ajymw,f…raeYuwnf;u ajymwm? raeYu tdrfudk rajymcJh& wmeJY? 'DaeYrS vm&wm…} ]pef;armifudk rkefYzdk;ay;vdkufao;vm;} ]ay;vdkufygw,f} uRefawmf oabmusvdkY jyHK;rdw,f/ olYukodkvfuHudk rk'dwm yGm; rdwmrsKd ;yg…/ ]uJ…ajymygOD;…odcb F mjzpfvv Ykd J…} ar;yHkudku &ifbwfudk aygifwpf&m&SdwJh wleJY xkvdkufovdkyJ…/ ]bmrSrjzpfbl;…} ]'gqdk…MoZmua&m bmjzpfwmvJ…} uRefawmhfavoHu *spfuefuefxGufoGm;wmrdkY a&Taomhu jyHK; NyD; jyefar;ygw,f/ ]MoZmvm;…MoZmu a&Taomhudk awGUcsifw,fvdkY rSmcJhwmav? tJ'DxJrSm odcFqdkwm wpfvHk;rSrS rygwm…} ][kwfygw,f? 'gayr,hf MoZmeJY awGUwdkif; odcFtaMumif; odcF aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

82

raemf[&D

udpöawG ygwwfwmyJav…} ]'gqdk uRefawmfu a&Taomhudk rdwfaqGwpfa,muf? oli,fcsif; wpfa,mufvdk owdw& rawGU&awmhbl;vm;…} ]awGU&ygw,f…} trSefwu,f ajymcsifwmuawmh rdwfaqGoli,fcsif; qdkwJh pum;vHk; r[kwfbl;aygh…/ 'gqdk&ifaum olrtajzu ajymif;oGm;Edkif vm;/ uRefawmf rodygbl;…/ ]a&Taomh reufpm pm;NyD;NyDvm;…} ]Lunch vm;…} ]qdkygawmh…} ]rpm;&ao;bl;? auR;rvdkYvm;…} ]auR;ygw,f…} ]auR;csif&if pm;r,f…} ]b,frSm pm;rvJ…} ]0dZÆmuifwif;u udkykxrif;qdkifrSm…} MuHMuHzefzefygyJ/ olb,fvdkodvJ rodbl;/ uRefawmfqdk Science u jzpfwJhtwGuf Science Canteen u vJG&if wjcm;a&mufcJw,f/ 'gaMumifh tJ'v D q kd ikd af wG aocsmrodb;l / olac:oGm;wJt h wdik ;f yJ vdu k f oGm;vdkufw,f/ trSeq f kd 0dZmÆ uifwif;eJY cash u eD;eD;av;yg/ 'gayr,hf uReaf wmf wkdY vrf;avQmufoGm;cGifh r&ygbl;/ um;u uRefawmfwkdYudk Eco bufem;u taygufuae0ifNyD; Philosophy department tpGef;em;xd xdk;&yfay;ygw,f/ a&TaomhtwGufuawmh ½dk;aeavmufayr,hf uRefawmhftwGufuawmh uoduatmufeJY…/ ]eD;eD;av;udk bmvdkY vrf;ravQmufwmvJ} ]um;xm;cJhNyD; xGufoGm;&if odcFqD xGufoGm;w,f xifaeOD; r,f} ]olu…uRefawmfeJY udkodcF ywfoufwm odvkdYvm;} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

83

]od&if odrSmaygh} uRefawmf qufrar;rdawmhbl;/ udkykqdkifrSm a&Taomhu Muufom;? yJ? tmvl;[if;udk rSmpm;yg w,f/ a&Taomhu 'D[if;BudKufvdkY 'DrSm vmpm;aeusqdkyJ/ uRefawmf vnf; a&TaomhvdkyJ vdkufpm;Munhfvdkufw,f/ rqdk;ygbl;/ vmjyefpm; avmufwJh vuf&mrsdK;yg/ ]uRefawmf ajymp&m &Sdao;w,f} ]ajymav…} trSeu f ½ky&f iS x f rJ mS omqdk 'Dpum;u &nf;pm;pum;&JU Intro aygh/ tvum;yg/ uRefawmfuawmh uvDa&S;xJ xnhfxm;wmrdkY wjcm; pum;yJ ajymvdkufawmhw,f/ ][dk…[dkaeYu aomhuav;…} ]tif;…ajymygOD;? odcFu bmajymvJ…} ]a&Taomh[m r[kwfbl;vdkY ajymawmh olr,Hkbl;…} ]tif;…} ]uRefawmf raeEdkifvdkY aumuf&wmudk ajymjyvdkufw,f… ]aumif;wmaygh…} ]'gayr,hf…} ]'gayr,hf…bmjzpfvJ…odcFu r,Hkbl;vm;} ],Hkygw,f…tJ'n D u vufzuf&nfqikd u f tjyefrmS yJ tJ'aD omh uav; aysmufoGm;w,f} a&TaomhyHkpHu wtHhwMoav; jzpfoGm;w,f/ NyD;rS… ]aumif;wmyJ…}wJh/ ]tif;…udkodcFuvnf; tJvdkajymw,f…} ][kwfw,f? bmrSef;rodbJ t,loD;aer,hftpm; r&Sdawmhwm u aumif;wmaygh…} ][kwfygw,f…} aemuf uRefawmfu xrif;pm;&if; olYtdwfxJu "mwfyHkudpöudk aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

84

raemf[&D

pOf;pm;aerdw,f/ uReaf wmf awG;rdwmuuReaf wmfwt Ydk al MumifaMumif eJY nHzh si;f pGm rawG;rdcw hJ hJ tcsuyf g/ a&Taomhukd jrifz;l zkt Yd a&; Security txyfxyfMum;u vQdKU0Sufonf;zdk 0w¬Kqefqef awGUay;aer,hf tpm;? tJ'gudk cPxm;vdkY a&Taomh"mwfyHkudk ,loGm;NyD; udkodcFudk jy vdkuf&if t&ifa&TaomheJY ck a&Taomh wlrwlqdkwJh tajzwpfckawmh xGufvmrSmyJ/ cufwmu uRefawmf "mwfyHkudk awmif;&aumif;Edk;? rawmif;&aumif;Ed;k jzpfaew,f/ bmvdv Yk q J akd wmh ,HNk y;D ay;vdu k &f if aumif;&UJ/ r,HkvdkY jiif;&if uRefawmfu rdat; ESpfcgemrSmav? "mwfyHk u uRefawmhftwGufvnf; r[kwfbJeJY…/ ]NidrfoGm;ygvm;? bmawG MuHaejyefNyDvJ…} xHk;pHtwdkif; olrqDu uefYvefYqefwJhar;cGef; xGufvmjyefyg w,f/ ]qifMuHav…qifMuH? qifMuH…MuHaewm…} ]ao;ygw,fuGm? 'dkifEdkaqmavmuf MuHMunhfygvm;…} ]olwdkYu rsdK;wHk;ukefNyD…} ]aMomf…&SifhBuD;BuD;rm;rm; tMuHawGu rsdK;wHk;ukefNyDvm;…} uJ…Munhf/ uRefawmf bmjyefajym&rSef; rodbl;/ a,mufsm; av;csif;qdk&ifvnf; xqJvdkuf½HkyJ/ ck[mu rdef;uav;jzpfaew,f/ rdef;uav;rS wu,hfudk vSwywav; jzpfNyD; uRefawmfuvnf; cspf aeao;wJh rdef;uav;jzpfaew,f/ uRefawmfudk,füu "mwfajymif; vJNy;D tvdv k kd tavQmah y;csiaf ewmvnf; ygrSmaygh/ bmrS jyefrajymbJ &,frdawmh olruyg vdkuf&,fw,f/ NyD;rS uRefawmhfudk aocsmMunhfNyD; ]ajymp&m&Sdw,f}wJh/ vmjyef Ny… D 'DuvDa&S;Bu;D / uReaf wmf &ifrckeaf vmufygbl; xifwm? 'gayr,hf arQmfvifhcsufawGuawmh ½kef;<uvmcsifovdkyJ…/ ]ajymav…} ]'DaeY aiGoGif;&if; wpfck owd&vdkY…} ]bmvJ…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

85

86

raemf[&D

]odcFudk…uRefr "mwfyHkxnhfay;vkduf&if aumif;rvm;vdkY…} uRefawmf rsufvHk;jyL;oGm;&w,f/ 'guawmh olr tMum;tjrif &aewm r[kwfavmufbl;/ uRefawmfeJY tMuHwlaewmrsdK;yJ jzpfrSm/ wdkufqdkifyHkuvnf; MunhfygOD;/ uRefawmfuvnf; 'DtawG;udk ol aiGoGif;ae&if; jrifvdkufvdkY awG;rdwm/ oluvnf; 'gudk aiGoGif;&if; awG;rdwmwJ/h &ifxrJ mS awmh bmrSe;f rodyJ… auseyfovdv k jkd zpfomG ;rd w,f/ a&Taomhudkawmh rajymjyawmhygbl;/ ]aumif;om;yJ…'grS udkodcFvnf; a&TaomhESpfa,muf ½kyfyg wl rwl odEdkifrSm? vlcsif;u aemufrS awGUMuwmaygh…} ]tif;…[kwfw,f/ vlcsif;u aemufrS awGUwmaygh/ uJ…'g… uRefr&JU a*:ZDvm 'dkifEdkaqmtMuHav…raumif;bl;vm;} olr jyHK;pdpdav;eJY ar;qwfNyD; ar;ygw,f/ uRefawmfu e*dk wnf;u vdkufavsmaxmufcHcsifaewJhaumifqdkawmh ]aumif;wm aygh… odyfaumif;wmaygh}vdkY ajymvdkufw,f/ uRefawmhfqifeJY olY'dkifEdkaqm t&G,fwlaewmuawmh b,f aumif&JU rsdK;½dk;ADZu edrfhusNyD; b,faumif&JU rsdK;½dk;ADZu aumif;vdkY vJ qdkwmudkawmh qufrawG;awmhygbl;/ avmavmq,f uRefawmf u qifavmuf&SdwJh 'dkifEdkaqmudkyJ auseyfaecsifwmudk;/ avmu BuD;u wpfcgwavawmh tHhMop&mtaumif;om;;/ a&Taomhurf;ay;wJh umvmywf(pf)ydkYav;udk vSrf;,lNyD; uRef awmhf ESvHk;om;eJY wnhfwnhfu tdwfuyfxJrSm xnhfxm;vdkufw,f/ "mwfyHkxJu a&Taomhwpfa,mufawmh uRefawmhf&ifckefoHeJY em;NiD;ae rvm; rodbl;/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

87

(Z) a&TaomhyHkudk wu,fwrf;t&ifMunhf&wmu nDnDyg/ ]awmfawmfvSw,f…} wJh/ tJ'DvdkrSwfcsufcsygw,f/ NyD; tMuHtpnf rao;vSwJh nDnDu qufajymw,f/ ]'Dnaeawmh igwkdY tjyifxGufpm;Mu&r,fxifw,f…}wJh/ ol bmudk qdv k v kd q J w kd m odwt hJ wGuf uReaf wmf&,faevdu k w f ,f/ "mwf yHkav; wpfyHkudk Aef;jyNyD; nmpm;wmrsdK;awmh r[kwfbl;aygh/ 'gayr,hf vmbfay;vmbf,l qdkwm 'Dvdk tuefYawGrSmawmh &Sdoifhw,f/ a&mh ywåjrm; a&mh e*g;aygh…/ nae udkodcF jyefvmawmh nDnDu t&if vSrf;EIwfqufw,f/ ]udo k cd F…jyefvmNyv D m;…apmovdyk …

J } ]at;…apmawmh rapmygbl;? 'DaeY ½Hk;z,f&Du udk,hfudk t&if csoGm;vdkY…} ]naepm b,frSm pm;&rSmvJ udkodcF…} udkodcFu nDnD&JU tquftpyf odyfr&SdwJh pum;udk em;rvnf ygbl;/ uRefawmhfudk tajz&Smovdk vSrf;MunhfwmrdkY jznhfpGufay;vdkuf w,f/ ]udkodcFrsm; uRefawmfwdkYudk npmtjyifrSm auR;rvm;vdkY…} ]bmjzpfMujyefNyDvJ…bdkifjywfjyefNyDvm;…} ]tm…rjywfygbl;…axmawmifaeao;w,f? 'DaeYyJ design c awG &vmwmav…} nDnDhpum;aMumifh udkodcFu… aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

88

raemf[&D

]'gqdkvnf; nDnDyJ auR;aygh…} ]tpu auR;rvdkYyJ udkodcF…? ckawmh udkodcFauR;wmu ydk aumif;rvm;vdkY} ]bmjzpfvdkYvJ…bmqdkifvdkYvJ…} udkodcF rsufarSmifMuKwfpOf;pm;&if; Za0Z0g ar;w,f/ olrsm; rxdk;xm;wJh xDvufrSwfu a,mifrSm;NyD; xaygufaevm;awG bm awG awG;&if awG;aerSmaygh/ uReaf wmfyJ 0ifajzay;vdu k af wmhw,f…/ ]'DaeY a&Taomhu uRefawmfhudk "mwfyHkwpfyHkay;vdkufw,f…} ]"mwfyk…

H bmyHv k …

J } ]a&TaomhyHkav…} ][m…[kwv f m;…jyygOD;…} udkodcF tm;wufoa&m tdrfxJ0ifvmw,f/ nDnDu &,f&if; ]'Dvdk b,f&rvJ udkodcF&m…npmauR;rSjyrSmav…} udkodcFu ckrS oabmaygufoGm;ovdk &,fw,f/ ]aMomf…'gaMumifhvm;? 'geJYaeygOD;…'DudpöxJrSm rif;wkdYuaum rodcsifvdkYvm;} ]bmudkvJ…} ]t&if a&TaomheJY ck a&Taomh wlrwl…} ]odcsifwmaygh…} ]odcsi&f if tqH;k tjzwfay;&r,hf ighukd rif;wku Yd Supply vky&f rSm av? rSm;aeNyD} uReaf wmfaum nDnyD g aMumiftoGm;&w,f/ [kww f myJ/ uReaf wmf wkYd odcsiw f mudk olu ajymjyrSm…/ olb Y momolu odNy;D rajymvnf; &wmyJ/ nmvdkufvnf; &wmyg…/ nDnDu pdwfysufvufysufa&&Gwfw,f/ ]eu©wfawG raumif;bl;? w&m;vdkb0uae w&m;cH jzpf&w,f vd…

Yk } udkodcFu &,fygw,f/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

89

]tvum;aemufwmyg nD&m… udk,hfnDawG pm;csifw,f qdkvdkY uawmh auR;NyD;om;yJ…uJ…ajymajym…b,fvrf;ab;qdkifrSm pm; rvJ…} ]tm…udkodcFuawmh vkyfNyD…} ]a&mf…bmvkyv f v Ykd …

J qdik w f ikd ;f u vrf;&JUab;rSmyJ &Sw d myJ? b,f qdkifu vrf;v,faumifrSm aqmufxm;wm awGUzl;vdkYvJ…} nDnDu ppfulawmif;wmvm;…'Dwdkif;MunhfaeawmhrSmvm;vdkY ar;wmvm; rodEikd w f hJ tMunhrf sKd ;eJY uReaf wmhu f kd Munhyf gw,f/ udo k cd F udk Munh&f wm enf;enf;awmif jrL;oGm;ovdyk /J a&TaomhykH awGU&awmh rSmrdkY xifyg&JU/ ]xm;vdu k yf gnDn&D m…igwku Yd vnf; udo k cd aF uR;vdu Yk awmh b,f vrf;ab;u [dkw,fjzpfjzpf pm;NyD;om;yJ…} udo k cd F w[m;[m; &,fygw,f/ Ny;D … "mwfypkH um;awmif quf rajymawmhbJ ]uJ…a&csdK;OD;r,f? cPem;r,f? rif;wkdY tqifoifhvkyfxm;…} qdkNyD; xGufoGm;awmhw,f/ nDnDuawmh Za0Z0grsufESmeJY uRefawmhf udk Munhfw,f…/ ]bmMunhfwmvJ…} ]pOf;pm;aewm…} ]bmpOf;pm;p&m &SdvJ… ]&Sdwmaygh…olajymoGm;wm Munhfygvm;} ]bmudkvJ…} ]a&TaomhyHkMunhfNyD; wlrwl odcsifwmu igwkdY r[kwfbl;vm; wJ… h } ]r[kwfvkdYvm;…} ]oluaum rodcsifbl;vm;…} ]odcsifwmawmh odcsifrSmaygh/ 'gayr,hf [dku rif;vdk r[kwfbl;? &mZ£ajE´&Sdw,f…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

90

raemf[&D

]atmifrSm …&mZ£ajE´&Sdw,fwJh/ iguvnf; &SdwmyJ? r&SdEdkif wmu rif;…} ]bmudk qdkvdkwmvJ…} ]igu a&Taomhbmjzpfjzpf pdwfr0ifpm;bl;} 'gvnf; rSefwmyJ/ nDnD pdwf0ifpm;wmu a&TaomheJY udkodcFwkdY &JU background Story udk/ vludk r[kwf…/ vludk pdwf0ifpm;aerdwm u uRefawmfav…/ ]ightwGufuawmh rwlav aumif;av…} ]igodygw,f…} nDnDu rcsdKrcsOf rSwfcsufudk csw,f…/ NyD;rS… ]'gayr,hf…} ]'gayr,hf…bmjzpfvJ…} ]udkodcFu igwdkYudk rwlyJ wlw,fajym&ifaum…wlvsufeJY rwl bl; ajym&ifaum igwkdY odEdkifrSmvm;…} ]'gu pum;vHk;u nmvdkY&w,f/ rsufESmu nmvdkY r&bl;…yHkudk jrifwJhtcgrSm jzpfoGm;r,hf face expression udk rvGwfwrf; MunhfzdkY awmh vdkw,f…} ][kwfw,f…rif;aumigaum Munhfr,f…NyD; tajzn§dMuwm aygh…} ]tdkau…} uRefawmfwkdY vuf0g;½dkufvdkufMuw,f/ wu,fawmh uRefawmhfa&TaomheJY udkodcF&JU a&Taomh rwlwmu taumif;qHk;aygh/ wlawmha&m bmjzpfrvJ? uRefawmf awG;Munhf w,f/ bmrS rajymEdkifbl;/ uRefawmfwdkYu a&SUjzpfa[mq&mawGrS r[kwfwm/ rwl&ifaum udkodcFcHpm;csufu b,fvdk jzpfvmEdkifvJ/ rodEdkifbl;/ t&ifu ]Nidrf;}udk cspfolvdk cspfcJhNyD; ]a&Taomh}udk zGm;zuf awmf armifESrvdk cspfcJhw,fqdk&if ck cHpm;csuf ajymif;oGm;Edkifrvm;? rodEdkifbl;/ rjzpfEdkifbl;qdkwm bmrS r&Sdygbl;/ t&m&mwdkif;[m jzpf aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

91

Edkifaewm csnf;ygyJ/ ]a[h NyD;NyDvm;…} udkodcF wufwuf<u<ueJY jyefa&mufvmw,f/ T-Shirt tjzL a&mif? *sif;abmif;bDtjymEka&mifwkdYudk 0wfqifxm;wJh udkodcFyHku 'DaeYrS ydkNyD; EkysdK vli,fqefaeovdkyJ/ ]tqifoifhyJ udkodcF…}} ]uJuJ ajym…b,fvrf;ab; qkdifoGm;rvJ…} ]ql;avbk&m;vrf;ab;u Trader qdk&ifaum udkodcF…} udkodcF [uf[ufyufyuf x&,fw,f/ NyD; ]tJ'Dvrf;ab;qdkif u odyfraumif;ygbl;? wjcm;[m pOf;pm;ygwJh…/ ]urÇmat;bk&m;vrf;ab;u Sedona qdk&ifaum} ]'gvnf; nHhao;wmyJ…} ]aumif;wmav; ajymjyygOD;udkodcF&,f} ]uJ…uJ…rajymbl;? vufawGUjyr,f…} um;wpfp;D udk vSr;f wm;? ae&majymNy;D ac:oGm;ygw,f/ uReaf wmf wkdYawmif wpfcgrS ra&mufzl;wJhae&myg/ qdkifemrnfuvnf; Munhf ygOD;…/ ]oHo&m…}wJ/h uReaf wmf ycH;k wpfcsuf wGejYf yvdu k af wmh nDnD u usdwf&,fw,f/ tJ'DaeYu udkodcFuyJ pm;p&mawGudk uRefawmhftBudKuf? nDnDh tMudKuf? olYtMudKuf tm;vHk;ygatmif rQNyD; rSmay;oGm;w,f/ ]'DaeYuawmh r*Fvm&SdwJhaeYyJ…uJ…a&TaomhyHk jyygOD;…} uRefawmf r*Fvm&SdaecsdefrSm tjrefxkwfay;vdkufw,f/ udkodcF rsufESmudk rvGwfwrf; MunhfzdkYvnf; owd&&if;aygh…/ ][if…} udkodcF wtHhwMo jzpfoGm;yHkuwif tajzwpf0uf&vdkufygNyD…/ ]b,fvdkvJ…udkodcF…} nDnDu aocsmatmif xyfar;w,f/ ]wlw,fnDnD…a&TaomhrS a&TaomhyJ tukefwlw,f…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

92

raemf[&D

NyD;…oufjyif;rGrGav;wpfcsufudk uRefawmfwkdY rodatmif cdk;cs NyD; "mwfyHkudk uRefawmfhqD jyefurf;ay;w,f/ uRefawmfvnf; bkrod brodxJuyJ tcGifhaumif;,lNyD; tjrefaumuf odrf;xm;vdkufw,f/ ]'gqdk a&Taomh[m udkodcF&JU a&Taomhqdkwm cent percent aocsm oGm;NyDaygh…} ]tpuwnf;uvnf; aocsmygw,f/ ckawmh ydkcdkifvHkoGm;wm aygh…} ]'gqdk udkodcF auR;&usdK;eyfwmaygh…} udkodcFudk wrifyJ 'Dpum;ajymvdkufwmyg/ udkodcFu acgif;cg w,f/ uRefawmfu tHhMooGm;rd&if;… ]bmjzpfvdkYvJ…bmrSm;aevdkYvJ…}} ]rrSm;ygbl;? bmjzpfvdkYvJqdkawmh 'DaeY MoZmeJY nDnDhudk udk,f u a&TaomhyHk rjyvnf; auR;zdkY tpDtpOf&SdaevdkYyJ/ jyefa&mufa&muf csif; nDnDu udk,hfxufOD;atmif ajymvdkufvdkY udk,fbmrS rajymawmh wm…} uRefawmfeJYnDnD wpfa,mufrsufESmwpfa,muf Munhfvdkuf Muygw,f/ b,folYrsufESmrSmrS tajzr&Sdwm aocsmawmhrS tMunhf vTJvdkufMu&w,f/ wpfqufwnf; OD;aESmufudk tvkyfay;NyD; awG; rdwmu 'DaeY udkodcF a&Taomhudkrsm; tjyifrSm wdkifwdkufqdkifqdkif awGUvmrdvdkYvm;vdkY…/ ]'DaeY udk,hf½Hk;rSm pmwpfck usvmw,f…} uRefawmfwkdY tajz&Smr&wJhtwlwl udkodcFudkyJ MunhfNyD; em; axmif&awmhw,f/ ]bmwJhvJ…tpfudk…} ]½Hk;u ighudk EdkifiHjcm;rSm Workshop wpfck oGm;wufzdkY a&G;vdkuf w,fav…} ][m…[kwfvm; b,favmufMumrSmvJ…} ]ESpfywfygyJ? 'gayr,hf t&rf;ynm&r,hf Workshop rdkY vlwdkif; aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

93

oGm;csifaewm…tJ'g udk,fa&G;cH&wmeJY nDwdkYudk ajymjy&if; xrif; auR;r,f pdwful;xm;wm? ck a&TaomhyHkav;yg awGUvdkuf&awmh ydkNyD; jynhfpHkoGm;wmaygh…} uRefawmfwkdY udkodcFtwGuf 0rf;omoGm;&ygw,f/ ]a&Taomhom od&if 0rf;omrSmyJ…} udo k cd u F tJ'pD um;udyk g xyfqifah jymvdu k af o;w,f/ uReaf wmf wkdY NidrfNyD; xrif; iHkYpm;aerdw,f/ udkodcFu qufajymw,f/ ]rif;wkdY odvm;…tJ'D ausmufpDaomhuav; aysmufoGm;wJhaeY u pNyD; iguHaumif;awmhwmyJ…} ]vmjyefNyD…} nDnDu udkodcFudk &,fusJusJMunhf&if; ajymvdkufw,f/ udkodcF uawmh rrIygbl;/ ]wu,fuG/ t&ifu igb,favmufBudK;pm;BudK;pm; bmrSjzpf rvmovdk aysmfp&mvnf; raumif;cJhbl;? pdwfnpfp&mcsnf;yJ/ 'DaeY udpöuawmh odyfaysmfp&m r[kwfbJeJY aysmfaerdwmudku ightwGuf txl;tqef;vdkyJ…} ]odyfaysmfp&m r[kwfbJeJY aysmfaerdwm…} wJh/ 'gqdk a&TaomhyHk udk awGU&wm bmrS odyfBuD; rcHpm;&bl;vdkY qdkvdkcsifwmvm;…/ uRefawmfwkdYuawmh tJ'Dvdk jzpfapcsifrdwm trSefyJ…/ tJ'Dnu uRefawmfwkdY aomhusaysmufcJhwJh vrf;av;uvnf; jzwfjyefvmcJhao;w,f/ bmrS rxl;ygbl;/ vrdkufaevsufu vif;ae wm wpfckygyJ/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

94

raemf[&D

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

95

(ps) a&Taomhudk jyefajymjyawmh a&TaomhyHkuvnf; wpfcsufuav; vIyfcwftHhMooGm;wmu vJG&if bmrS xl;xl;jcm;jcm; rjzpfbl;/ 'g aMumifh uRefawmfuyJJ ar;vkdufw,f/ ]a&Taomh &ifxJrSm b,fvdk cHpm;&vJ…} a&Taomhu uRefawmhfudk vSnhfMunhfw,f/ ]bmvJ…bmudk ar;wmvJ…} ]ckudpöudk ar;wmav…} ]bmvJ…odcFEdkifiHjcm; oGm;&rSmvm;…0rf;omygw,f…} ]xm;yg…tJ'gu aemufwpfck…} ]bmvJ…"mwfyu kH pd v ö m;…} ]tif;av…} a&Taomhu jyHK;w,f/ ]bmvJ…bmvkdY b,fvdk cHpm;&rSmvJ/ e*dkwnf;u wlEdkifw,f qdkwm awG;rdNyD;om;? ? ckwlw,fqdkawmh aocsmw,faygh/ 'gyJ uRefr twGufu 'gu odyfrxl;qef;awmhbl;…} ]bmu qef;vJ…} ]i,fi,fu t&ifwek ;f u image awG vSrd 0hf ifvmwJt h &G,af vmuf wkef;uavmuf b,f[murS rxl;qef;awmhbl;? ck toufvnf; ESpfq,fawmif jynhfawmhrSm…awmfawmfBuD;udk a0;uGmyg;vsm;oGm; NyD…ckcsdefrSm odcFudk tjyifrSm jyefawGUcsifwJh qE´wpfckyJ &Sdawmhw,f/ 'gawmifrS odyfNyD; t&ifuavmuf rjyif;xefawmhovdkyJ…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

96

raemf[&D

uRefawmf a&Taomh&JU rsufESmav;udk ai;Munhfaerdw,f/ 'g uawmh udkodcFrsufESmudk rvGwfwrf; Munhfwkef;uvdk expression zrf; zkdY r[kwfygbl;/ wu,hfudk owdvufvGwf ai;rdoGm;wmyg/ ]odcFu b,fawmh oGm;&rSmvJ…} ]a&SUwpfywfavmufvdkY ajymwmyJ…} ]'gqdk ra0;awmhbl;yJ…uRefr olYtwGuf wpfckck 0,fay;vdkuf OD;r,f…oloGm;wJhtcg toHk;0ifr,hf ypönf;rsdK;aygh/ MoZm pOf;pm;ay; ygOD;…} pOf;pm;ay;ygOD;wJ/h udo k cd u F kd ay;zdu Yk kd pOf;pm;cdik ;f wmjzpfwt hJ jyif pOf;pm;cdik ;f wmuvnf; a&Taomhjzpfaeawmh ulno D ifw h maygh/ uReaf wmhf &JU jelousy awGudk z,fvdkuf&if 'g[m uRefawmhfudk tm;udk;wmvdkY owfrSwfcsif&ifvnf; owfrSwfEdkifwmyJ…/ cufwmu uRefawmf rawG;wwfbl;/ 'Dvdk Trip wpfckudk oGm; r,hfvlwpfa,mufudk bmvufaqmifay;oifhw,fqdkwm uRefawmf avhvmrxm;bl;/ wcsdKUawGu EdkifiHjcm;oGm;r,hfolqdk bmrSm&rvJ avmufom pOf;pm;wwfMuwmav? udk,fu ay;zdkYqdkNyD; pOf;pm;wwf wmuawmh enf;r,f xifw,f/ uRefawmfwkdYudkyJ Munhfav? trSefu uReaf wmfeJY nDnu D udo k cd &F UJ atmifjrifru I kd *kPjf yKwt hJ aeeJo Y m one table ay;oifhwm/ ckawmh udkodcFu uRefawmfwkdYudk jyefay;oGm;w,f/ 'g[m rSm;aeovdkyJ/ wu,frSefwJh a&Taomhudk usawmh uRefawmf b,fvdkulnDpOf;pm;ay;&rSef; rodbl;/ ][if…bmvkyfaewmvJ…pOf;pm;aewmvm;} ]tif;…pOf;pm;aewm…} ]Mumvdkufwm…bm&vJ…} ]bmrS r&ao;bl;} a&Taomhu uReaf wmhu f kd rsuaf pmif;xd;k jyefygw,f/ olrsuaf pmif; xd;k wmu wu,hu f kd csppf &m aumif;wmyg/ aemuf wpfacgufavmuf rsm; xyfxkd;&if uRefawmf bmvkyfrdr,f rqdkEdkifbl;/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

97

]ol…bmawG 0,fjcrf;&r,fvdkY ajymwm Mum;vJ…} ]t0wftpm;} ]t0wftpm;uawmh ray;csifygbl;? olY[mol owd&rSmyJ…} ]aemuf workso h p twGuf ,lomG ;&r,hf ypön;f awG Oyrm…File wkdY abmvfyifwkdYvdk Stationary awG…} ]notebook ygvm;} ]ygrSmaygh…} ]r[kwfbl;…uRefrajymwJh notebook u Laptop udkajymwm…} ]rajymwwfbl;…ay;rvdkYvm;} uRefawmfu wrif&,fNyD; ar;vdkufawmh olu acgif;cgw,f/ ]tJ'aD vmufawmh rwwfEikd b f ;l ? 'gayr,hf pocket computer vdrk sKd ; oHk;EdkifwJh PDA awmh &Sdw,f…tJ'g…ol toHk;0ifrSmyg…} ]bmvJ PDA} ]Personal Digital Assistant} ]emrnfeJYwif pdwf0ifpm;p&maumif;aeNyD…} ]wu,fvnf; pdw0f ifpm;p&m aumif;ygw,f/ data awGukd xnhf odrf;xm;vdkY &w,f? rtm;&if stick eJY a&;rSwfvnf; &w,f/ aemuf massage vnf; ydkYvdkY&w,f/ phone vnf; ajymvdkY&w,f…} ]tJ'g ay;rvdkYvm;…} ]tif;…uRefrudk uRefrta': EdkifiHjcm;u ydkYxm;wm &Sdw,f…} ]tdrfu ar;&ifaum…} ]aysmufoGm;NyDaygh} ajymNyD; &,faeygw,f/ ]uRefawmfausmif;ydwfvdkY NrdKUjyefr,fqdk&ifaum bmvufaqmif ay;rSmvJ…} uRefawmf wu,hfudk uav;qefqefar;vdkufwmyg/ a&Taomh u rsufvHk;av; 0dkif;oGm;w,f/ ][if…MoZmu e,fuvm;} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

98

raemf[&D

]tif;av…nDnDa&myJ/ 'DrSm iSm;aeMuwm…} ]aMomf…uRefru &efukefuyJ xifaewm…} ]awmom;yg…} uRefawmhfpum;aMumifh a&Taomhu &,fw,f… ]awmfao;wmaygh…awmom;rdkY…NrdKUom;qdk 'ku©}…wJh/ bmudk &nf&G,fNyD; ajymrSef;awmh uRefawmfvnf; rodbl;/ 'gayr,hf tJ'gu uRefawmhfvdk&if; r[kwfbl;/ uRefawmhfvdk&if;u wjcm;av…/ ]tif;av…tJ'Dawmom;udk awmjyef&if bmvufaqmifay;rSm vJ…vdkY ar;wm…} ]awmrSm r&Sdwm ay;rSmaygh…} ]awmrSm r&Sdwm [kwfvm;} ]tif;…pOf;pm;…awmrSm r&Sdwm ay;r,f…} ]a&Taomh…} ]tm…} uRefawmf wu,fr&nf&G,fygbl;/ yg;pyfu vTwfceJ xGufoGm; wmyg/ wu,fqdk &nf;pm;pum;udk ]ajymp&m&SdvdkY} qdkwJh uvDa&S;eJY rpawmifrS 'dxuf crf;em;pGm ajymoifhwmaygh/ ckawmh…/ a&Taomh u uRefawmfhudk rMunhfawmhyJ wpfzufvSnhfoGm;w,f/ cPaeawmhrS bmrS rjzpfovdkeJY ol hhandchain u aomhuav; wpfacsmif;udk jzKwfay;w,f/ ]a&mh} ][ifhtif;…} ]a&Taomh…qd… k } ]tJ'grsdK;u awmrSmvnf; &Sdw,f r&Sdwmu…} ]aysmufoGm;wJh ausmufpD a&Taomh rsdK;vm;…} ][ifhtif;…raemjzLwJh a&TaomhrsdK;…} [kwfw,fav…/ xl;rS rxl;awmhwm…/ a&SUwdk;NyD;rSawmh a&SU aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

99

qufwdk;wmyJ aumif;w,fav…/ aemufqkwfzkdYrS r[kwfwm…/ a&Taomhu rsufapmif;xdk;ygw,f/ uRefawmf ajymcJhNyD;NyDav… aemufwpfcg rsufapmif;xdk;&if uRefawmf bmvkyfrdr,frqdkEdkifbl;qdkwm…/ [kwfw,f/ uRefawmf a&Taomh&JU aomhuav;udkifxm;wJh vufudk tkyfrdk;qkyfudkifvdkufNyD; ]a&Taomhudk cspfw,f…}vdkY ajymvdkufrdw,f/ 'Dpum;uawmh b,f vdrk S a&Smifvv JT Ykd r&wJh pum;jzpfaewJt h jyif ud, k x f v d ufa&mufvnf; jzpfaeawmh a&Taomh awmfawmfav; tae& txdik &f cufomG ;yHyk gyJ…/ pdwfxJrSmawmif oem;oGm;w,f/ 'gayr,hf aMu;pm;vlowf orm;wdkY&JU xHk;pHtwdkif;aygh/ rodcifuawmh udpör&Sdbl;/ odNyD;NyD qdk &ifawmh taoowf&r,hfwm0efu &SdaeNyD/ raor&Sifxm;cJhvdkY& &wmrS r[kwfwm…/ ]a&Taomh…} ]tif;…} ]Mum;vdkufvm;} a&Taomhu rajzygbl;/ Mum;w,fvdkY ajzrd&if tajzawmif;cH &rSmav? rMum;bl;vdkY jiif;rd&if xyfajymwm cH&OD;r,f/ 'Dawmh ynm &Sdrav;u tajzray;bJ Nidrfaew,f/ ]b,fvdkoabm&vJ…} ]bmudkvJ…} ]uRefawmfajymwJhpum;udk…} ]b,fvdkrS oabmr&ygbl;} ]'gqdk uRefawmfnHhwmyJ…oabmwpfckck&atmif rajymwwf ao;bl;…} uReaf wmhpf um;aMumifh a&Taomhrsuv f ;kH jyL;oGm;w,f/ ckxrd vTwf &ao;wJh olYvufudkvnf; rodrom ½kef;&muae ododomom ½kef; xGufoGm;w,f/ ]uRefr jyefawmhr,f…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

100

raemf[&D

]aeygOD;…udpöurS rNyD;ao;wm…} ]bmudpövJ odcFudk PDA ay;zdkYvm;? aemufaeYrS ay;r,f…} olru pum;udk wpfcgwnf; vrf;aMumif; ajymif;ay;vdu k w f ,f/ &Sefwdefvkyfpm;&if tawmfxl;cRefrSm…/ ]'gqdk uRefawmfeJY aemufaeY awGU&OD;rSmaygh…} olr rsufapmif;xdk;jyefygw,f/ enf;enf;av; a0;oGm;wmrdkY a&Taomh uHaumif;oGm;w,f/ um;ay:wufawmhr,hfqJqJ uRefawmf vSrf;ajymvdkufao;w,f/ ]tJ'aD eYusuReaf wmht f wGuf &Gmjyefvufaqmifyg ,lvmcJah emf…} bmoHrS rMum;&awmhygbl;/ a&Ta&mifum;ay:udk a&Taomh a&muf oGm;cJyh gNy… D / bmrSe;f rodbeJ aYJ wmif bkMunhMf unhaf ewJh '½dik b f mBu;D &JU tMunfhuawmh ausmcsrf;p&mygyJ/ 'DtMunhfawG NidrfoufoGm;r,hf wpfaeYaeYqdkwmuawmh a&mufvm&OD;rSmayghvdkY uRefawmf usdwfNyD; rSwfcsufcsvdkufrdw,f/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

101

(n) aemuf&ufawGrSm a&Taomhwpfa,muf aysmufcsufom;aumif; awmhwmygyJ/ uRefawmfhqD a&mufrvmovdk uRefawmf twef;zsuf NyD; oGm;apmifhawmhvnf; olaum um;aum t&dyfta&mifawmif rawGU&ygbl;/ uReaf wmf pef;armifukd &Sm&jyefygw,f/ wpfcg wpfcgus 'D awmifiluifwif;xJrSmwif pef;armifu aysmufaewwfygw,f/ wjcm;olawGeJYa&mNyD; xdkifwwfwmudk;…/ ]pef;armif…vmygOD;uG…} ol aumifrav;wpfou kd ef YJ &,farmaemufajymifae&mu uReaf wmhf qDxvmw,f/ ]bmvJ tpfudk…} ][dka&Ta&mifum; awGUvm;} ]'DaeY rawGUbl;} ]raeYuaum…} ]rawGUbl; xifwmyJ…} ]tpfracsmacsmaumm…} ]rawGUbl;…} ]Munfhxm;ay;…awGU&if ajymaemf…} ]b,frSm ajym&rvJ…} ]igvmr,fav…a&mh…} uRefawmf &uf&ufa&ma&meJYudk wpfaxmifxkwfay;vdkufw,f/ pef;armifuawmh [D;[D;[D;[D;eJY ckefNyD; aysmfoGm;av&JU/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

102

raemf[&D

]igpdwfcsr,faemf…} ]pdwfcs…} pdwfcs…qdkwJh pef;armif&JUpum;eJYwif uRefawmf twef;buf jyefvm&ygawmhw,f/ twef;xJa&mufawmh nuclear man vdkY emrnf ay;cHxm;&wJh udkoef;vIdifu vSrf;ac:ygw,f/ olYudk nuclear man vdkY ac:vdkY wpfrsdK;awmh rxifMuygeJY? olu nuclear t&rf;awmfvkdY ay;xm;wmyg/ bmar;ar; tukefodaewwfaeawmhwmygyJ/ ]MoZm…} ]ajym…udkoef;vdIif} ]b,foGm;aewmvJ…rif;udk ygarmu©&Smaew,f…} ]raemufygeJAY sm…pdwfnpf&wJhxJ…} ]wu,fyg…} ]bmudpöwJhvJ…} ]'gawmh b,fodrSmvJ…} ][kwf&JUvm;Asm udkoef;vdIifu olYaemufESpfcHkausmfu udkapmvGifudk vSrf; ajym ygw,f/ ]a[hvl…'DrSm ulOD;…} udkapmvGifu acgif;ndwfjyw,f…/ ][kwfw,f…awGUwmeJY vTwfvdkufyg…}wJh…} ][kwfw,f…[kwfw,f…MoZm…oGm;vdkufOD;} udkapmvGifab;u rcifoEÅmxGef;u yg0ifajymwmrdkY uRefawmf ,Hkvdkuf&ygawmhw,f/ 'gayr,hf cufwmu uRefawmfu reuf ygarmu© tcsdefudk wufrxm;bl;/ bmvdkY rwufwmvJ ar;&if ajz& cufaeOD;rSmrdkY uysmu,meJY tajzaumif;aumif; ay;EdkifzkdY t&if pOf;pm;&ao;w,f…/ ta&;xJ udkodef;vdIifu ar;aeao;w,f/ ]rif;…reufu bmvdkY twef;rwufwmvJ…wJh/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

103

]awmifilbuf udpö&SdvdkY oGm;aewmeJY} ]aMomf…ck awmifilu jyefvmwmvm;…} ]tif;…} ]um;eJv Y m;…&xm;eJv Y m;…} uRefawmf pdwfnpfoGm;w,f/ awmifilaqmifu jyefvmwmudk um;eJYvm;? &xm;eJYvm;wJh/ nuclear man eJYawmh 'ku©yJ…/ awmifil NrKd Uu jyefvmw,fxifaeyH&k w,f/ uReaf wmfvnf; cyfwnfwnfeYJ jyef ajzvdkufw,f/ ]ajcusifyJ} udkoef;vdIif rsufvHk;jyL;oGm;csdefrSm aemufu &,foHawG xGuf vmwmrdkY udkoef;vdIif oabmaygufoGm;w,f/ uRefawmfhudk wdk;wdk; av; qJw,f/ ]acG;aumif MoZmoD;}wJh/ Munhf…/ uRefawmhfudk a&Taomhudk ydkowd&atmif vkyfaeovdkyJ…/ uRefawmf nuclear man tay: pdwfrajymif;rdcif ½Hk;cef;buf xGufvmvdkufw,f/ tawmfav;udk qdk;w,fvdkY emrnfBuD;aewJh uRefawmfwkdY ygarmu©u uRefawmhfudk csufcsif;ay;0ifw,f…/ ]vm…0if…}wJ/h Briefing ay;&if MumwwfvGef;vdkY olY½Hk;cef;xJ 0iforQ vlu Murf;jyifay: jym;jym;0yf xdkifcsNyD; t&ifuefawmhvdkufrS tqifajy wwfw,fvdkY Mum;xm;awmh uRefawmfvnf; xdkifp&m ae&m&Sm& w,f/ rawGUygbl;/ q&mBu;D ½H;k cef;xJrmS ajccsp&mae&mawmif renf; &Sm,l&w,f/ ]'DrSm rif;udk ypönf;wpfck vmay;xm;vdkY…} ]Asm…} ]rif;emrnf…MoZmaemf} ][kwfuJh…} ]rif;nDr xifw,f…vmay;oGm;wm} ][kwfuJh…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

104

raemf[&D

a&Taomhaygh…/ uRefawmfu [dkbufrSm oGm;&Smaewkef; olu 'DbufrSm vmay;oGm;wm/ ]'geJY rif;tar aeaumif;NyDvm;…} ]Asm…aMomf…[kwu f hJ…aumif;Ny}D ]at;at;…pmvkdufEdkif&JUvm;…} ]vdkufEdkifygw,f…} ]at;…tar aeraumif;wJhMum;u BudK;pm;NyD; twef;wufwm aumif;w,fuGm? 'geJY 'DaeY bmvdkY rwufwmvJ} ]tarudk Check up oGm;vkyfae&vdkY…} q&mBuD; rsufarSmifMuKwfoGm;w,f/ uRefawmfvnf; rSm;NyD qdk wm odvu kd w f ,f/ uReaf wmfu tarhukd Check up oGm;vky&f if nDru bmvdkY 'DrSm ypönf;vmxm;p&mudpö &SdovJaygh/ ]rif;wkdY armifESru wpftdrfwnf; raebl;vm;} ][kwfuJh…nDrav;u aq;ausmif;eJY eD;wJh taqmifrSm aeyg w,f…} ]aMomf…} rsufpdxJ ajy;0ifvmwJh ajrmufOuúvmyxJu aq; wuúodkvf (2)udk ta&;ay: qJGoHk;vdkufwmyg/ uRefawmfuawmh tBudrfBudrf 0pDuHeJY q&mBuD;udk nmaerdwJhwGuf pdwfxJu ra&rwGufEdkifatmif OD;csaevdkufrdw,f/ ]a&mh…} q&mBu;D u olpY m;yJaG y: wifxm;wJh tdwu f av;wpfv;kH udk vSr;f ay;ygw,f/ ]aus;Zl;wifygw,fq&mBuD;…cGifhjyKygOD;} ]at;at;…} wpfqufwnf; cGifhjyKcsuf awmif;NyD; cGifhjyKcsuf&wkef; tjrefjyef xGufvmcJhvdkuf&w,f/ tjyifjyefa&mufawmhrS tdwfudkzGifhMunhf& w,f/ bl;av;wpfckeJY oyfoyf&yf&yf xkyfNyD; tay:rSm pma&;xm; aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

105

wmu odcF…wJ/h 'g…udo k cd t F wGuf PDA qdw k maerSmaygh…/ aemuf wpfb;l u ao;ao;av;…/ puúLeDeeD YJ aocsmxkyx f m;w,f (uReaf wmf uawmh PDA rvdck siyf gbl;/ PHA qdk [kww f w k w f w k /f Personal Human Assistant av…/) bl;teDav;ay:rSmawmh ]MoZm}vdkY a&;xm;w,f…/ uRefawmf uysmu,myJ azmufvdkufrdw,f/ txJrSm aomh av;wpfacsmif;/ yvufwDerfeJY vkyfxm;w,fxifwmyJ/ pmav; wpfaMumif; a&;xm;wJh u'fjym;jzLjzLav;wpfckudk aiGa&mifjcnf BudK; wpfrQifeJY wJGNyD; aomhrSm csdwfxm;w,f/ a&;xm;wJh pmav;u &Sif; &Sif;av;…/

MoZm… 'Daomhav;u pdwx f m;aumif;Ny;D raemjzL&Smygw,f/

a&Taomh…

wJ… h / uRefawmf bmawGjzpfNyD; b,fvdkcHpm;ypfvdkuf&rSef;awmif rod awmhbl;/ a&Taomhu uRefawmhfudk bmvkdY tawGUrcHbJ a&Smifaewm vJ…/ uRefawmhfudk &SufvdkYvm;…/ tajzay;&rSm aMumufvkdYvm;…/ wjcm; bmtaMumif;rsm; &Sdao;vJ…/ uRefawmf rawG;wwfawmhbl; jzpfaew,f/ tdrfa&mufawmh c&D;oGm;zdkY ESpf&ufyJ vdkawmhwJh udkodcFudk a&T aomh ay;cdkif;wJh PDA av; ay;vdkufw,f/ ]a&mh…udkodcF} ]bmvJ…} ]a&Taomh ay;cdkif;wm…} ]a&Taomh…[kwv f m;…bmvJ…} ]udkodcFEdkifiHjcm;oGm;&if oHk;zdkYwJh PDA …} udo k cd u F uReaf wmhpf um;udk r,HMk unfEikd o f vdrk sKd ; txkyu f kd t&if aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

106

raemf[&D

azmufw,f/ txJu PDA av; xGufvmawmhrS uRefawmfhudk Munhf w,f/ ]rif;…bmajymvdkufvdkYvJ…} ]Workshop oGm;&r,fvdkY…} ]'gyJvm;} ]'gyJ…} trSefu 'gwifruygbl;/ 'gayr,hf olwdkYudk tm;vHk;0efcHvdkY uvnf; jzpfrS rjzpfwm} ]bmajymoGm;ao;vJ…} ]bmrS rajymbl;…tJ…uRefawmfeJYvnf; rawGUbl;…} ]rawGUyJ b,fvdkay;vJ…} ]XmerSm uRefawmhfemrnfeJY ay;oGm;cJhwm…} ]aMomf…} udkodcFuawmh PDA wpfvHk;eJY tvkyf½IyfoGm;ygawmhw,f/ tvkyf½Iyfp&mr&SdbJ &Sif;aewJh nDnDuom uRefawmhfudk ar;cGef; ½Iyf½IyfawG par;ygawmhw,f/ ]MoZm…} ]bmvJ…} ]t&ifu aumifrav;u rif;qDvmaeus…rif;eJaY wGUNy;D udo k cd F taMumif; ajymaeus…ckusrS bmvdkY rif;qD rvmyJ awmifilaqmif uae wul;wu XmerSm vmtyfoGm;&wmvJ…} trSefu tJ'g rif;tvkyfvm;vdkY bkawmvdkuf&rSmyg/ 'gayr,hf tJvdkajymvdkuf&if &vmr,hf tusdK;qufu ydkqdk;Edkifwmudk uRefawmf wGufrdw,f/ ]'DaeY igu twef;rwufbJ awmifial qmifomG ;aewm…tJ'rD mS vJw G m…} ]rif;u awmifilaqmifudk twef;zsufNyD;awmif oGm;w,fqdk awmh taMumif;&SdrSmaygh} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

107

108

raemf[&D

]&Sdwmaygh/ udkodcFoGm;zdkYu ESpf&ufyJ vdkawmhwm…} uRefawmhfpum;udk nDnDu jyHK;ygw,f/ r,Hkygbl;vdkY ajymcsifyHk ygyJ…/ ]aumifrav;u rif;qD rvmwm MumNyDvm;…} ]rMumao;ygbl;…wpfywfavmufyJ &SdOD;r,f…} ]bmvdkY rvmwmvJ…} ]rtm;vdkY aerSmaygh…} ]rif;udk a&Smifaewmawmh r[kwfavmufygbl;aemh…} ajymNyD; &,faeao;w,f/ uRefawmfuawmh wwfEdkifwJhenf;eJY nDnDhudk toHwdwf qJa&;ypfvdkufw,f/ tvum;aumif/ pum; tpfaewm/ 'gayr,hf olYpum;u bmvdkY wnhfwnhfrSefaerSef;udkrod bl;/ rauseyfcsifp&m…/ ]bmudpö a&Smif&rSmvJ…} ]ta<u;ray;csifvdkYav…} nDnDhudk uRefawmf t½HI;ay;&ygawmhr,f/ r[kwf&if uRefawmf rSm;ukefrSm pdk;&w,f/ 'gaMumifh ]r[kwfygbl;}qdkNyD; pum;pukd twif; jzwf? a&csdK;cef;xJ 0ifNyD; a&udk tcsdefqJGcsdK;aevdkuf&w,f/ 'gawmif tjyifu ]tat;rdatmif rcsKd ;eJaY emf…} vdYk vSr;f atmfaeao;w,f…/ [kwfyg&JU/ tat;rdvdkYawmh rjzpfygbl;/ uRefawmf reufjzef pef;armifqD oGm;&OD;rSm…/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

109

(#) aemufaeYus uRefawmfzsm;ygw,f/ nDnDuawmh yGpdyGpd a&&Gwf &if;u jyKpk&&Smygw,f/ ]tzsm;u bmtzsm;rSef;rodbl;/ usudkrusEdkifbl;} [kwfyg&JU? tzsm;u aq;aomufwmvnf; rusbl;/ 'geJY aq; cef; ajy;&a&m…/ q&m0efu aq;awG ay;vdkufayr,hf roufomjyefygbl;/ udkodcFu uRefawmhfudk pdwfrcsvufrcseJYyJ c&D;xGufoGm;&Smav&JU/ oHk;&ufajrmufwJhaeYrSm tzsm;u wpf&mhESpfavmufxd jyefus vmNyD/ ]awmfao;wmaygh? igu rif;udk 'DawmifrS ausmfEdkifyghrvm;vdkY ylaewm…} ]csD;wJhrSyJ…} ]a&mf…wu,f? rif;u tzsm;wuf&if 105-106 eD;yg;xd wuf wm…a&cJu rjywf&bl;? iguawmh oGm;NyDxifwm} ]'DavmufeJY ao&rvm;} ]rif;udk ajymwmr[kwfygbl;? ighudk,fig cJaoNyDxifwmudk ajym wm…} [kwfyg&JU/ uRefawmfaeraumif;wm udkodcFvnf; c&D;oGm;cgeD; rae&ygbl;? nDnDuawmh tyifyef;qHk;ygyJ/ ]ta&;xJ a,mifao;w,f/ ua,mifuwrf;eJY bmawG ajym rSef; rodbl;} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

110

raemf[&D

]½kyf&Sif½dkufaewm r[kwfbl; nDnD…iguvnf; rif;om; r[kwf bl;? zsm;wdkif; ua,mifuwrf;ajymwwfwJhxJrSm MoZmrygbl;…} ]rif;u rif;[mrif; odvdkYvm;} ]odwmaygh…} ]avQmufajymraeeJY? rif; ua,mifuwrf;u ½kyf&SifawGxJuvdk wpfeHwpfvsm; r[kwfbl;? ,kwåd,kwåmususyJ a,mifwmyg…} ]bmwJhvJ…} ]aomh…wJh/ rod&if b@mpdk; aomhaysmufaeovdkyJ…} ]wu,fvm;} ]wu,faygh…nmp&mvm;} nDnDhrsufESmudk Munhfawmhvnf; wu,hfudk twnfaygufyg yJ…/ ]udkodcF Mum;ao;vm;} ]Mum;wmaygh} ]bmajymao;vJ…} ]bmajymtm;rSmvJ…rif;u tonf;toefjzpfaewJh[mudk…} ]aus;Zl;wifygw,fuGm…} 'Dpum;udkawmh uRefawmhf&ifxJu vdIufvdIufvSJvSJajymrdwmyg/ 'gudk nDnDu &,fjyHK;wHkYjyefw,f…/ ]aus;Zl;u igu wif&rSm…} ]bmvdkYvJ? ighudk &daewmvm;} ]r&dygbl;…wu,fajymwmyg…} ]bmudpöaus;Zl;wif&rSmvJ ajym…} ]rif;twGuf a&cJ0,fxm;wm ukef&if 'Dem;u &SdorQ tdrfawG ywfawmif;&w,f} ][if…[kwv f m;…tm;emp&m…} ]at;…tJ'Dvdkawmif;&if; awGU&SdcJhwmygyJ/ a&cJawmif yHkjyif r[kwfbl;? a&cJawmif;yHkjyif…[J[J…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

111

Munhf&wm nDnDwpfa,muf a&cJawmif;&if; awmif;p&m vlyg awGUcJhyHk&w,f/ ]a&cJ awmif;&if; wpfcgwnf; awmif;cJha&maygh…} ]csufcsif;BuD; awmif;vkdY b,f&rvJ…MoZm…tcsdef,l&OD;r,f? awmfMum rif;aomhuav;vdk aysmufcsif;rvS aysmufoGm;rS 'ku© a&mufaeOD;r,f…} uRefawmf roufrom jyHK;jyvdkufrdw,f/ ]rif;…aumifrav;udk &nf;pm;pum;ajymvdu k w f ,f r[kwv f m;} ]tif;…r&nf&G,fbJeJY…} ]r&nf&G,fbJ &nf&G,fcsuf&Sd&SdeJY ajymvdkufrdwmrsdK;vm;} uRefawmf roufrom &,fae½HkuvJGvkdY bmrS jyefrajymEdkifbl;/ udkodcF &ifxJ b,fvdkaew,fqdkwmudk odcsifaewmeJYudk uRef awmf aZmacR;awG jyefNyD; tzsm;uscsifovdkawmif jzpfoGm;&w,f/ ausmif;udkvnf; wpfzufu yl&ao;w,f/ uRefawmfwkdY department rSmu ausmif;ysufvdkY r&bl;/ ausmif;ysuf&if cGifhpmwif&w,f/ cGifh rwif&if 'PfaMu;wyfw,f/ ckavmufqdk uRefawmf cGifhrwifvkdY uRefawmhfudk 'PfaMu;twGuf twef;xJrSm notice ay;aeavmufNyD vdkY awG;rdw,f…/ awG;aewkef; wHcg;acgufoH Mum;vdkY nDnD oGm;zGifhw,f/ udkoef; vdIifwkdY vlpkyg/ udkoef;vdIif&,f? apmvGif&,f? cifoEÅmxGef;&,f? pE´m 0if;&,f…/ uRefawmhfudk vlrrmvmar;Muw,fxifw,f……/ ]MoZm…awmfawmf aeraumif;bl;qdk…} ][kwfw,f…} ]q&mBuD;uawmif rif;udk tarNyD;awmh rif;wJh? tarudk jyKpk& wmeJY yifyef;oGm;vm; rodbl;vdkY ajymaewm…} ]q&mBuD;u ighudk cGifhrwifvdkY rqlbl;vm;…} pE´m0if;u acgif;cgw,f/ udkoef;vdIifuawmh rsufarSmifMuKwf Ny;D … aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

112

raemf[&D

]rif;cGifhwifvdkY igwkdYu rif;aeraumif;rSef; odwmav…}wJh/ ]tm… b,fu cGifhwif&rSmvJ… nDnDu ighudk jyKpkae&wmeJY tvkyfawGawmif tdrf,lvkyfae&wm…rtm;bl;…? udkodcFu c&D; xGufoGm;w,f/ b,folrS oGm;rwiftm;bl;…} ]wifw,fwJh…} cifoEÅmxGef;uvnf; 0ifaxmufcHw,f/ ]b,folwifwmvJ…} ]eifn h rD …wJ… h } cifoEÅmxGef;pum;aMumifh uRefawmf wtHhwMojzpfoGm;&w,f/ 'gayr,hf csufcsif; odvdkufwmu tJ'g ]a&Taomh}qdkwmyJ…/ a&Taomh u uRefawmf aeraumif;vdk ausmif;rwufEdkifwm b,fvdkvkyf od vJ/ uRefawmf pOf;pm;r&bl;/ nDnDuawmh ]nDr [kwfvm;}vdkY wthH wMo a&&GwNf y;D uReaf wmf rsurf ek ;f usKd ;avmufwhJ toHeYJ ]a,mufz}vdYk tm;&yg;& ac:ygw,f/ jyKpak pmifah &Smufxm;wJh aus;Zl;om &Srd aevdu Yk qJx G ;kd csipf &m…/ ydq k ;kd wmu tJ'g a&Taomhqw kd m uReaf wmfu odaewmygyJ/ a&Taomhu uReaf wmhu f kd a&Smifwek ;f u a&SmifaeNy;D ckusrS uReaf wmhu f kd cGiw hf ikd af y; owJh/ ]rif;pmtkyfawGaum ay;vdkufOD;rvm;? 'DrSm oEÅmeJY pE´mu pmul;ay;r,f…wJh} apmvGifu olrul;&wdkif; rdef;uav;ESpfa,mufudk acsmufcsyg w,f/ nDnDu 0ifajymw,f…/ ]aeae…olYnDr ul;ay;vdrfhr,f}wJh/ uRefawmf vufoD; axmifjyvdkufawmh olu ra[mo"Zmwf awmfxu J vdk vuf0g;jyefjzefjY ywm…ausmcsr;f p&mBu;D …/ tMunhf udk vTJvdkuf&w,f/ udkoef;vdIifuawmh nuclear lecture wcsdKUudk tusOf;½Hk; rSwfenf; aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

113

acgif;xJ xnhfay;oGm;ao;w,f/ wu,hfudk csD;usL;p&m aumif;wJh vlyg…/ NyD;rS olu azmufw,f…/ ]rif;nDru awmfawmfvSwmyJaemf…} olYpum;udk nDnDu t&rf;uma&m pdwf0ifpm;oGm;w,f/ nDnDh rsufvHk;u Voltage udk rDwmwH axmufp&mrvdkyJ rSef;rdyHk&wJh udkoef; vdiI u f … ]cifAsm;u pdwf0ifpm;vdkYvm;…} ][kwfw,f/ 'Daumifu olYrSm nDr&Sdwmudk 0Sufxm;w,f? twl aewJh uRefawmfawmif rod&bl;} ][kww f ,f… uReaf wmfwv Ykd nf; q&mBu;D ajymrS od&wm… q&m BuD;uawmif ajymaeao;w,f/ MoZmnDru tawmfodwwf vdr®m wm…wJ/h Ny;D awmh oem;p&mwJ?h armifErS awG twlrae&&Smbl;wJ… h } tJ'grS jyóemyg/ q&mBu;D uawmh twef;xJrmS pum;pyfr&d if; ajymwmjzpfygvdrfhr,f/ cufwmu ra&Taomh qifxm;wJh ZmwfuGuf BuD;udk q&mBuD;u t[kwfxifaewmygyJ/ 'dxufydkqdk;wmu ck q&m BuD;azmufonfcsxm;wJh pum;awGudk udkoef;vdIifwkdYuyg ,HkNyD; nDnDh qDtxda&mufwmygyJ…/ nDnDu uRefawmhfudk b,fvdkvJqdkwJh tMunhfeJY Munhfw,f/ rwwfEdkifawmhbl;/ uRefawmf &Sif;&awmhr,f/ ]tJ'g…a&Taomhyg…} ]bm…a&Taomh…[kwv f m;? b,fwek ;f u rif;wdu Yk armifESr awmf oGm;wmvJ} ]r[kwfygbl;…} ]'gqdk…b*Fvm;armifErS vm;…} nDnDuawmh jyóem&SmaeygNyD/ 'gaMumifh uRefawmf vufum jyvdkuf&w,f/ ]ig&Sif;jyyghr,f} ]&Sif;…&Sif;…pdwfwdkif;usatmif r&Sif;EdkifvdkYu rif;emNyDyJ} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

114

raemf[&D

]'Dudpöu a&Taomh olYbmomol vkyfoGm;wJhZmwf? ighudk twef; xJu ac:xkwfzkdY olYudk,fol ighnDryg/ tartonf;toef jzpfaevdkY ygqdkNyD; q&mBuD;udk cGifhwdkifNyD; vmac:xkwfoGm;wm olwkdYvnf; jrif w,f…} uRefawmfeJYnDnD jzpfaewmudk…udkoef;vdIifwkdY em;vnfyHkr&yg bl;/ 'gayr,hf bmrS 0ifrar;bJ em;axmifaeMuw,f/ 'gayr,hf a&Taomhvmac:wJhudpöudkawmh acgif;ndwfaxmufcHay;azmf &Muyg w,f/ udkoef;vdIifwdkY acgif;ndwfawmhrS nDnDu ar;qwfjyw,f/ qufajymaygh/ ]aemuf…PDA vmay;wmvnf; 'Dvykd J…MoZmnDrqdNk y;D 0ifwm? ckvnf; 'DvdkyJaygh/ bmqef;vJ…} ]bmqef;vJ…[kwfvm;} ][kwfw,fav…} ]qef;wmudk igu ajymjy&OD;rSmvm;…} tJ'DvdkajymNyD; udkoef;vdIifwkdYudk wpfcsufMunhfw,f/ olwkdY&Sdae vdkY rajymao;wmqdkwJh oabmaygh/ 'gayr,hf pum;u vrf;aMumif; ajymif;oGm;ygawmhw,f…/ ]aMomf…'gqdk 'Daumifrav;u rif;nDr r[kwfbl;aygh…} uRefawmf acgif;ndwfjyvdkuf&w,f…/ ]pdwfraumif;ygbl;? eifwkdY MoZmudk a,mufzawmfvkdY r&awmh bl;aygh…} ]bmvJ…eifarQmfvifhcsuf jyefxm;vdkY &NyDqdkNyD; 0rf;omoGm;wm vm;…} apmvGif&JUpum;aMumifh cifoEÅmxGef; pdwfwdkoGm;w,f/ ]aoypfvkduf…aovdkuf…BudKufwJhenf;eJY aovdkuf…} ]igBudKufwJhenf;eJY aovkdY&if eifu oN*ØK[fp&dwf xkwfay;rSmrdkY vdkYvm;} ]zsmwpfcsyfawmh &r,f? 'gawmif ta[mif;aemf? topfr&bl;} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

115

116

raemf[&D

cifoEÅmxGef;ajymyHku aocsifp&m wpfpufrS r&Sdygbl;/ 'gay r,hf apmvGif olYudk ajymvdkufwmxufpm&if olajymwm enf;ao; w,fvdkY xifaeyHkyJ…/ xifrxm;yJ pum;u uRefawmhfbuf jyefvSnhfvmw,f/ pE´m 0if;u ajymwmyg/ ]'gqdkaeygOD; MoZm…} ]aeygw,f? b,frSawmif xroGm;Edkifao;wJh[m…} ]eifeJY tJ'Daumifrav;u bmvJ…} ]bmrSr[kwfbl;? 'gayr,hf…} ]bm'gayr,hfvJ…} ]iguawmh…} ajymr,hfpum;udk wHkYqdkif;aerdw,f/ ajymoifhrajymoifhaygh/ nDnDu cyfwnfwnfeJY olrodao;ovdk 0ifaxmufw,f/ ]iguawmh bmjzpfvJ…} ]cspfrdaeNyDvm;…} udkoef;vdIifu oHpOfav;eJY 0ifaxmufw,f/ ]rubl;…&nf;pm;pum;awmif ajymxm;Ny… D } uReaf wmhpf um;aMumifh pE´m0if;u acgif;wqwfqwfnw d w f ,f/ ]rqdk;ygbl;}wJh/ ]bmrqdk;wmvJ…} ]tvm;tvmaumif;rSmyg…} uRefawmf pE´m0if;udk wtHhwMoMunhfrdw,f/ olajymwm [kwf onfjzpfap r[kwfonfjzpfap? 'DESpfxJrSm 'Dpum;uawmh uRefawmhf twGuf taumif;qHk; pum;ygyJ/ avmavmq,f cHpm;ae&wJh a&m*g a0'emawG tukev f ;kH ,lypfvu kd o f vdk aysmufomG ;w,fvYkd cHpm;vdu k f &w,f/ wu,fyg…tJ'Davmufawmif aq;u pGrf;ygw,f/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

117

(X) aemufwpfywfavmuf aeawmh uRefawmf awmfawmfav;udk xlxal xmifaxmifjzpfvmNyrD aYdk usmif;jyefwufjzpfNyq D akd wmhvnf; xH;k pH twdkif; a&Taomhudk &Smrdawmhwmaygh/ taMumif;pHkodoGm;wJh nDnDu vnf; olY&JU qef;w,fqdkwJh rSwfcsufudk pE´m0if;&JU tvm;tvm aumif;w,fqdkwJh rSwfcsufeJY eD;pyfaMumif; tm;ay;cJhwJhtwGuf tJ'D aumif;w,fqdkwJh tvm;tvmav;udk uRefawmfu &SmyHkawmf zGifh &ygawmhw,f…/ ]pef;armif…} bmyJajymajym aemufqHk;usawmh uRefawmhf&JU aumuf½dk;rQif u ]pef;armif}yJ/ pef;armifuvnf; vufrvnfbl;/ uRefawmhfudk vufumjyw,f/ cPaeOD;qdkwJh oabm…/ olYudpöawGNyD;awmhrS uRefawmhfqD a&mufvmw,f/ ]bmvJtpfudk…} ]a&Ta&mifum;…} ]awGUw,ftpfudk…} ]b,fwkef;uvJ…} ]reufu…} 'gqdk a&Taomhausmif;wufwm aocsmwmaygh/ pef;armifuakd wmh bmrS taxGtxl; rSmraeawmbl;/ rkefYzdk;ay;NyD; jyefcJhvdkufw,f/ reufjzef reufawmh twef;zsufNyD; Global bufudk t&SmxGufrS jzpf awmhr,fvdkYvnf; qHk;jzwfvdkufw,f/ q&mBuD;uawmh uRefawmhfudk aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

118

raemf[&D

aeraumif; jyefjzpfw,f xifaeOD;r,f/ pdwfxJuyJ q&mBuD;udk uefawmhawmif;yefvdkuf&w,f/ tdrfjyefa&mufw,fqdk&ifyJ uRefawmhftcef;0rSm csdwfxm;wJh t½kyfuav;wpf½kyfudk awGUvdkuf&w,f/ t½kyfuav;u BudK;av;eJY wJGxm;wJh abmvHk;av;yg/ abmvHk;&JU rsufESmjyifrSm jrifae&wmu ½kyfajymifuav;…/ rsufpdudk wpfzufrSdwfvdkY vQmawmif xkwfjyxm; vdkufao;w,f/ cufwmu tdrfrSm nDnDuvnf; r&Sdawmh b,folvmxm;oGm; rSef;vnf; rodbl;/ csdwfxm;wmu wu,hfudk avpkyfcGufuav;eJY twdtus wHcg;rSerf mS uyfxm;cJw h m/ uReaf wmf abmvH;k pyfjzaJ v;udk qJjG zKwNf y;D tcef;xJ ,lvmcJv h u kd w f ,f/ bmrSe;f awmh rodb;l / aocsm wmuawmh bmrS rqdik b f J a&Taomhukd oGm;owd&rdwmyJ/ qef;w,f/ [kwfw,f/ wcsdKUuynm&SdawGu 'gaMumifh ajymcJhwm jzpfrSm? tcspf qdkwm qef;Mu,fw,fwJh/ nDnjD yefa&mufvmawmh nDnu D vnf; t½kyu f av;udk awGUoGm; w,f/ ]'gu bmvJ…} ]jrifwJhtwdkif;yJ} ]uav;uvm;eJY tHhMop&m…} nDnDu uRefawmhfudk ½HIUrJhNyD; rSwfcsufcsygw,f/ uRefawmf pdwf wdo k mG ;&&if;… ]bmrS uav;uvm;Edkifp&m r&Sdbl;? tdrf0rSm vmcsdwfxm;vdkY ,lvmwm…} ]rif;udk vmajymifxm;wm aerSmaygh…} ][if…jzpf&w,f 'Dtrd rf mS igwpfaumifwnf; aewm usaewm yJ…} ]igeJY aeayr,hf…igawGUwm r[kwfbl;av…rif;awGUwm…} ]'gu igu apma&mufwmudk;} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

119

]rif;udk ajymcsiv f Ykd apmapmvmcsw d x f m;wm aerSmaygh ighukd ajym csifrSawmh igjyefra&mufcif rif; wa&;warm ESyfaewJhtcsdef vm csw d rf mS aygh…} ][kwfEdkifajcawG vmajymraeeJY…} ][kwEf ikd af jc r[kwb f ;l …[kwEf ikd w f mudk ajymwm…ighukd ajymifcsif wJhudpöudk rif;u ,l0ifoGm;rSawmh ightwGuf aemufwpfck vmcsdwf xm;rSmaygh…} olajymwm [kwfovdkvdkyJ/ 'gayr,hf bmudpöeJY olYpum;udk axmufcHvdkufp&m taMumif;&SdvdkYvJ…/ ]'guawmh tcsdefr&SdvdkY jzpfrSmaygh…} ]at;…apmifhMunhfvdkufaygh MoZm…} nDnDhavoHu rw&m;BuD;udk confidence rsm;aeovdkyJ/ olY awmif rouFmcsifjzpfvm&w,f/ olyJ uRefawmfhudk aemufzdkY csdwfcJh wmvm;aygh/ 'gayr,hf nDnDqdkwmu tJ'Davmuf avmuBuD;udk tcsdefray;wwfbl;/ olYtusdK;twGuf enf;enf;rS rygwJh udpöqdk bm udprö S ol pdwrf 0ifpm;wwfb;l / xifrw d hJ txifuawmif tawmfveG f aeNyD/ nDnDajymovdk MumMumapmifhrMunhfvdkuf&ygbl;/ tJ'DabmvHk; ½kyfajymifav;aemufwpfvHk;u uRefawmhfqDwnfhwnfh aemufwpfaeY rSm a&mufvmcJhvkdYygyJ…/ reufydkif;rSm uRefawmfu awmifilbufoGm;w,f/ uRefawmf xdkifaeuspm;yJGrSm uRefawmhfudk qD;BudKaewmu ½kyfajymifabmvHk; av;/ raeYu abmvHk;u t0ga&mif/ ck[mu teDa&mif/ uRefawmhf udk edrdwfay;aeovdkyJ/ aocsmw,f/ a&TaomheJY awGUrSm r[kwfbl; qdkwmrsdK;/ 'DaeYusumrS odyfapmvdkYvm; rodbl;/ pef;armifudkvnf; rawGU&bl;/ a&Ta&mifum;udkvnf; t&dyfa,mifawmif rawGU&bl;/ tdwfuyfxJu yvufwDerf aomhuav;udk xkwfMunhfrdawmh 'D aomhav;u pdwfxm;aumif;NyD; raemjzL&Smygw,f qdkwJh pmaMumif; aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

120

raemf[&D

av;udkyJ owd&aerdw,f/ tJ'D oabmjzL raemjzL aumifrav;u b,fa&mufaerSef; rodbl;/ uRefawmf pdwf½Iyf½IyfeJY twef;buf jyefvmcJhNyD; ckrSa&mufovdk eJY twef;xJ 0ifvdkufw,f/ ta&SUrSm oifaewJh CMP awGudk renf; BudK;pm;tm½Hkpdkufaewkef; vufqifhurf; pmwdkav;wpfapmifa&muf vmw,f…/

MoZm… …pdw0f ifpm;p&m ypön;f wpfck ay;p&m &Sw d ,f/ oef;vdiI f uRefawmf rsufarSmifMuKwfvdkufrdw,f/ NyD; CMP oifaewJh rsufrSefxlxleJY a'gufwmrjrifatmif udkoef;vdIifudk vSnhfMunhfvdkuf Ny;D ar;qwfjyrdw,f/ bmvJ…vdY… k / udo k ef;vdiI u f vufxu J ypön;f av;wpfck ajr§mufjyw,f/ ½kyfajymifabmvHk;… yef;Eka&mifav;/ uRefawmf pdwf½Iyf½IyfeJY &,fcsifoGm;&w,f/ aocsmygw,f/ 'g[m uRefawmhfudk vdkufaemufaewm jzpfovdk tjzpfEdkifqHk; w&m;cHu vnf; ]a&Taomh}yJ qdkwm…/ twef;NyD;awmhrS udkoef;vdIifu abmvHk;av;udk vufxJvm xnhfw,f/ ]b,fu &wmvJ? b,folvmay;wmvJ…} ]rodb;l ? toufav;q,favmuf &Srd ,hf a,mufsm; wpfa,muf yJ…} ta&;xJrS udo k ef;vdiI u f twdtusukd tpD&ifcw H ,f/ uReaf wmf odcsifwmu a&Taomh [kwfr[kwfyJ/ usefwm rodcsifbl;/ jzpfEdkifwmuawmh uRefawmf Munhfr&wJh '½dkifbmaerSmaygh…/ ]bmvJ…MoZmudk ay;ygvdkY aocsmrSmoGm;vdkYvm;} ][kwfw,f…} ]rif;qDrS wnfhwnfhvmwmvm;…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

121

uRefawmf oHo,eJY ar;vdkufrdw,f…/ ]ighqDawmh wnfhwnfhvmrvm;… igeJY department t0ifrSm awGUwm 'Dtwef;rSm MoZmqdkwm &Sdvm;wJh? &Sdw,fqdkvdkY ay;cJhwm…} ]aMomf…} ]tJ'g bmvJ…? bm*dkPf;*e&JU vQdKU0SufoauFwvJ…? xdyfoD; tpnf;ta0;yJG zdwfpmrsm;vm;…} odkif;0w¬KawG tawmftwef zwfxm;yHk&wJh udkoef;vdIifu aigh ovdk ar;ygw,f/ tif;av ar;csifp&myJ/ bmr[kwfwJh abmvHk; ½kyaf jymifav;udk wul;wu vmay;xm;cJw h mud;k / aocsmwmu awmh a&Taomh[m b,foleJYrS rwlEdkifwJh uRefawmhf&ifxJu t½kyfuav; wpf½kyfqdkwmygyJ/ olYjyKrlvIyf&Sm;rIawGu olrsm;eJYrwlwwfbl;av/ olYbufuawmh wul;wu tm;pdkufvdkuf&w,f r&SdbJ ayghayghyg;yg; eJY tm;vHk;NyD;oGm;wwfwmrsdK;/ olrsm;twGufuawmh wtHhwMo… trSwf w&jzpfusefcJh&wm…/ ]r[kwfbl;…vQdKU0Suf tcspfoauFw…} uRefawmhfpum;aMumifh udkoef;vdIifu &,fygw,f/ NyD; ajymoGm; ao;w,f/ ]aumifav;…odyaf etaumif;Bu;D r[kwaf o;bl;/ aq;aomuf NyD; *½kpdkufOD;}wJh/ ckwavm uRefawmfvnf; uHZmwmaumif;yHk r&bl;/ cHbufu csnf;yJ…/ ajzomwmwpfcku a&TaomhaMumifh cHae&w,fqdkwJh tawG;av;yJ…/ aeYv,f tdrfjyefa&mufawmh wHcg;0rSm ½kyfajymifabmvHk;av; rsm; &SdOD;rvm; &Smrdao;w,f/ rawGUbl;? tdrfxJa&mufawmhrS yuf vufukvm;xdkifay:rSm xdkifNyD; abmvHk;wpfvHk;udk pdwf0ifwpm; MunhfaewJh nDnDhudk awGUvdkuf&w,f/ abmvHk;av;u vdar®mfa&mif av;/ rcsdKrcsOfeJY…nDnDhrsufESmudk MunhfNyD; abmvHk;udk qJG,lvdkuf w,f…/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

122

raemf[&D

]ay;…} nDnDu ray;ygbl;/ zswfceJ jyefvkNyD;ar;w,f/ ]rif;eJY bmqdkifvdkYvJ…} ]qdkifw,f…} ]raeYu ajymawmh rqdkifbl;qdk…} ]ck…qdik o f mG ;NyD…} ]taxmuftxm;jyygOD;…} nDnDh &daxhaxhpum;awGudk uRefawmf wHkYjyefzdkY tdwfxJu ½kyf ajymifabmvHk; teDeJY yef;Eka&mifav;udk xkwfay;vdkufw,f/ 'Dvdk usjyefawmhvnf;… ][m…rif;0,fvmwmvm;…b,fuvJ…b,favmuf ay;& vJ…} ]tm;tm;,m;,m; 0,frvm;uG? reufu awmifiu l ifwif; oGm; awmh wpfvHk; &vmw,f/ tjyef twef;xJ a&mufawmh wpfvHk; & w,f} ]awmfa&maygh/ 'gu igh[maerSmyg…} ]rif;…rnpfe…

JY 'g a&Taomh ighudk ay;xm;wm} ][m[…} nDnu D &,f[[eJY uReaf wmhu f kd avSmifovdk wtHw h Mo Munhjf y w,f/ abmvHk;av;udkvnf; uRefawmf rcHcsifatmif erf;jyvdkuf ao;w,f/ olY½kyfeJYrsm; vmvkyfaeao;w,f/ ]rif; tawmfpdwful;,OfwmyJ MoZm…} ]bmpdwful;,OfwmvJ…} ]rif;yJ…ckeu a&Taomhu ay;wmqdk…} ][kwfw,f…} [kwfw,fvkdY ajymvdkufwJh uRefawmhf&JU pum;oHu wu,hfudk jywfom; cdkifrmaewm udk,hfudk,fudk owdjyKvdkufrdw,f/ ]rif;u bmtaxmuftxm;eJY ckrSvmNyD; 'Davmuf cdkifrmae aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

123

wmvJ…raeYuawmh wpfrsdK;…} ]raeYueJY 'DaeY rwlawmhbl;qdkwmaocsmw,f/ igh&ifxJuudk odaewm…'g…a&Taomh ighudk vdkufaemufaewm…} uRefawmf wu,hfudk cHpm;csufeJY twnfajymrSef;odawmh nDnD wpfcsufawGNyD; NidrfoGm;w,f/ t½HI;awmh ray;ygbl;…/ ]b0ifeJY ½l;Edkifw,f…} qdkNyD; uRefawmhfudk abmvHk;av; jyefypf ay;vdkufw,ff/ vdar®mfa&mif abmvHk;av; uRefawmhfa&SU a&mufvm wJh tcsdefrSm uRefawmhfa&SUrSm abmvHk;t0g? teD? yef;a&mif? vdar®mf av;vHk; jzpfoGm;NyD/ uRefawmf ½kyfajymifabmvHk;av;awGudk auseyf pGm Munhfaerdw,f/ nDnDuawmh acgif;cgav&JU/ ]oGm;&SmNyD…MoZmawmh oGm;&SmNyD…} qdkNyD; oDcsif;vkyf qdkae w,f/ bmvkyf&rSmvJuGm…/ olYbmomol bmvkyfvkyf? bmqdkqdk… uRefawmfu bmvkyf&rSmvJ/ ta&;BuD;wmu uRefawmhftm½HkxJu uRefawmhfudk ajymifjyaewJh ]a&Taomh}qdkwJh aumifrav;yJ r[kwf vm;…/ uRefawmf tnHhcHvdkYawmh rjzpfao;bl;/ a&Taomhudk wpfckck awmh jyefNyD; vufpm;acscsifao;w,f/ cufwmu uRefawmfu ckxd a&Taomhb,frSm aerSef;udk rodao;wmygyJ/ b,favmufxd awmf ovJqdk&if ol Global wufaewmawmif b,ftcef;rSmrSef; rodbl;/ uRefawmhfoli,fcsif;wpfa,mufudk &SmazGNyD; ar;rS jzpfawmhr,f…/ [kww f ,fav…/ tJ'D ]a&Taomh}qdw k hJ aumifrav;udk uReaf wmf ppfrsufESmzGifh&awmhr,f/ r[kwf&if pE´m0if;wdkYajymwJh ]tvm;tvm aumif;}qdkwJh ae&ma'oav;udk uRefawmf odrf;ydkufcGifh&rSm r[kwf bl;/ vdktyfwJh ppfa&;tcsuftvufawGeJY wyfom; &du©mawG uRef awmf pkaqmif;&OD;r,f/ avmavmq,fawmh uRefawmhfrSm pDrHudef; csnf;yJ &Sdw,f/ bmrS rjynhfpHkao;bl;/ tem;rSm ckxd oDcsi;f wat;at;jzpfaewJh nDnu hD kd Munhrf w d ,f/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

124

raemf[&D

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

125

nDnDu bkMunhfjyefMunhfNyD; ar;w,f/ ]bmMunhfwmvJ…}wJh/ ]ppfom;aumif; rjzpfEdkifbl;}vdkY acgif;cgNyD; ajzrdwJh uRefawmhfudk nDnDu pkwfwoyfoyfeJY…/ udpör&Sdygbl;/ [kwfw,f/ tJ'Dae&m a'oav;udk odrf;ydkufEdkifzkdY avmuf b,fudpöurS ta&;rBuD;Edkifwm aocsmygw,f…/ (!) aemuf&ufawGrSmvnf; abmvHk;av;awG uRefawmhfqD enf; rsKd;pHkeJY a&mufvmwwfjyefw,f/ ta&mifawmfawmfpHkwJhtjyif wcsdKU ta&mifawGawmif ESpfvHk;jzpfaeNyD…/ 'Dawmh uRefawmfvnf; tMuH awG n§pfxkwf&awmhwmaygh…/ 'D&uftwGif;rSm udkodcFvnf; jyefa&mufvmw,f/ nDnDu abmvHk;av;awGeJY ywfoufvkdY udkodcFudk bmrS vufaxmufrcswJh twGuf olYudkvnf; usdwfNyD; aus;Zl;wif&jyefw,f/ zGifh[ajymrd&if a&mifhwufrSmpdk;vdkY…/ wdkufwdkifqdkifqdkif udkodcF uRefawmhfudk 0,f vmay;wJh vufaqmifu abmvHk;yHk em&Duav;/ Bedside table rSm wifzdkYwJh/ nDnDu udkifMunhfNyD; wcdGcGd&,fw,f rif;u awmfawmf tusdK;ay;oefom;yJ…} vdkYvnf; ajymao;w,f/ udkodcFuawmh em; vnfykH r&ygbl;/ ar;awmhvnf; rar;bl;/ rar;tm;bl;av…/ work shop eJY ywfoufwJh reports awGudk jyifqifae&w,f…/ 'DMum;xJurS wpfckawmh owdw& ar;ao;w,f…/ ]a&TaomheJY awGUao;vm;…}wJh/ ][ifhtif;…udkodcFroGm;cifwnf;u rawGUwm ckxdyJ…} 'g uReaf wmf trSet f wdik ;f ajymwmyg/ udo k cd u F awmh rsuaf rSmif MuKwfw,f/ ]rif;qD rvmbl;vm;…} ][ifhtif;} ]rif;ua&m…olYudk oGm;r&Smbl;vm;…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

126

raemf[&D

]tJ…&Sm…&Smygw,f…} ]rawGUbl;aygh…} ][kwfw,f…rawGUbl;…} ]'ku©ygyJ…a&Taomhrsm; aeraumif;bl;vm; rodbl;…} udkodcFu tJ'Dvdknnf;w,f/ olYMunhf&wm enf;enf;vnf; pdwf yloGm;yHkyJ…/ pdwfrylwJh uRefawmfuawmh pdwfxJuae abmvHk;awG o,f,lydkYaqmifaeEdkifygao;w,fvkdY usdwfajymrdw,f/ uRefawmhf pHkprf;&SmazGrIuvnf; atmifjrifygw,f/ ckqdk&if uRefawmf a&Taomh&JU tcef;? vdyfpm? zkef;eHygwf? handphone eHygwfutp odaeygNyD/ ckvdkodatmif tusdK;aqmifay;wJhxJ rSm pef;armifeJY pef;armif rdwfqufay;wJh Global u aumifr av; wcsKd Uygwmaygh…/ tJ'aD umifrav;awGeYJ pef;armifu wu,hf friend awG? uHaumif;wmu a&TaomheJY wpfwef;wnf; jzpfaeNyD; a&Taomhudk aoaocsmcsmodaewm/ cifawmh rcifbl;wJh/ vdkcsifwmawG &atmif &Smay;Edkif&if udkMoZmu b,frSm auR;rSmvJvdkY aMu;awmif;w,f/ pef;armifabmf'gyDoygayh/ tif;av acwfuu kd 'Dwikd ;f jzpfaewmud;k / 'Dawmh olwBYkd uKd uw f ahJ e&majymvdv Yk nf; ajyma&m… Bu;D Bu;D us,u f s,f awG rSef;xm;rdwJh uRefawmfawmif rsufpdvnfoGm;&w,f/ ausmuf ajrmif; oDwmvrf;eJY '*HkoD&dvrf;axmifhu 0ufom;wkwfxdk;qdkifwJh/ t0pm;rSm…wJ/h tJ'eD m;rSm 'decf sOq f ikd ef YJ aumfjyefq Y ikd v f nf; &Sad o;wmrdYk qufpm;&if pm;rSmwJh…/ uRefawmf t&rf;udk oabmwlvdkufwmayg/ wu,hBf u;D Bu;D us,u f s,af wGukd rajymbJ olwt Ykd vd&k &dS mav;udk aysmf p&mjzpfatmif zefwD;,lwJh p½dkufav;awGuawmh wu,fcspfp&m aumif;ygw,f/ wu,fqkd olwaYkd v;awGu 'dxufru oH;k Edik w f u hJ av; awGy… J / a&Taomh&JU vdyfpmeJY zkef;eHygwfawGu tJavmufyJ wefw,fvdkY awmh ajymvdkY r&ygbl;/ 'g apwemeJY qdkifygw,f/ uRefawmfuawmh olwkdYudk auR;arG;jyKpkNyD;wmeJY jyefvmvdkufwm…udk,hfudk,fudk wdkufyJG aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

127

atmifawmhr,hf ppfolBuD;vdk cHpm;vdkuf&awmhw,f/ yxrtqifhuawmh olYtdrfygyJ…/ uRefawmf r&ru abmf'gzJGUxm;wJh aomhjyif&cdkifBuD;udk vmbf xdk;NyD; a&TaomhwkdYtdrfa&SU vTwf&wmyg/ rvTwfcif olYqdkifu aomh ta[mif;awG pDcsdwfxm;wmudk aocsmaq;aMumokwfoifNyD; aiG a&mif a&Ta&mifawG rIwfay;vdkufvdkY oltawmf pdwfysufoGm;ygao; w,f/ ]rif;vkyfwm igawmh 'ku©a&mufawmhr,f MoZm…} ]b,fuvm…a&TawG aiGawG 0ifvmawmhr,fvYkd oabmxm;… uJ…oGm;…oGm;…uReaf wmf rSmwm rarheaYJ emf…} ]rarhygbl;…½dkufxkwfcH&&ifaum…} ]tJavmuf r½dkif;ygbl;…uRefawmf teD;tem;rSm &SdaewmyJ…} &cdkifBuD;u uRefawmhfqDu vmbfxuf uRefawmhftay: xm;wJh cifrif&if;pJGeJY vkyfay;&Smwmyg/ olYb0rSm uRefawmhfvdk rdwfaqGrsdK; wpfcgrS r&SdcJhzl;bl;wJh…/ uRefawmfuvnf; olYtwdkif;ygyJ…/ 'dxuf ydkaocsmoGm;wmu uRefawmfwkdY aygif;rdcsdefrSm odvdkuf&wJh oHa,m ZOfyg/ wpfcgwpfcgawmhvnf; ]a&puf}qdkwm tHhMop&maumif;yg w,f/ bHkbdkifu vmwJh a&pufudk ajymwm r[kwfygbl;/ oHo&mu ae ygvmwJh ]a&puf}udk ajymwmyg/ ]aomhjyifw,f… aomhjyifw,f… a&TaomhaiGaomhawG jyif w,f…} ]aomhjyifw,f…a&Taomh aiGaomhawG jyifw,f…} ]aomhjyifw,f…a&Taomhjyifw,f… aiGaomhjyifw,f… aomh ta[mif;awG jyifw,f} ]aomhjyifw,f… a&Taomh jyifw,f… aiGaomhjyifw,f…aysmuf aewJh aomhawG jyifw,f} b,f&rvJ/ yxrqHk; xGufvmwmu '½dkifbmBuD;av…/ aoaocsmcsm cg;axmufNyD; &cdkifBuD;udk Munhfw,f…/ &ckdifBuD;eJY aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

128

raemf[&D

uRefawmfeJY wlrsm;aewmvm;vdkY ppfaq;wmvm; rodbl;? &cdkifBuD; uvnf; cyfwnfwnfyJ…jyefar;w,f/ ]bmjyifrvdkYvJ…} wJh/ ]bmrS rjyifbl;…} [dkuvnf; bkawmw,f/ &ckdifBuD; pdwfavoGm;[efeJY xyfatmf zdkY jyifwkef;jcHxJu a&Taomh ajy;xGufvmw,f/ ]cPaeOD;} ]bmvkyfrvdkYvJ…orD;…} ]orD;…aomhjyifrvdkY…aMomf…OD;av;udk tdrfxJrSm tbGm;vdkuf &Smaew,f…} a&Taomhpum;aMumifh '½dkifbmBuD; pdwfrajzmifhvufrajzmifheJY jcHxJ0ifoGm;&&Smw,f/ ol0ifoGm;awmhrS… ]OD;av;…} ]ajym orD;…bmjyifrvJ} ]aomhav…} ]ay;av…} ]uRefremrnfudku a&Taomh…OD;av;udk b,folu 'DvdkvTwf vdkufwmvJ…} ]b,folurS rvTwfbl;} ]'gqdk…bmvdkY…a&Taomh jyifw,f…vkdY vmatmfaewmvJ} ]aMomf…'gvm;? ,Mwmajcwmyg} ],Mwmajcwm} ][kwfw,f…ckwavm…aomhu jyif&w,frSr&Sdwm? 'geJY aA'if q&mu ckvdk a&TvmaiGvmjzpfvmatmif vkyfcdkif;vdkufwmyJ…} a&Taomh r,Hkwpf0uf,Hkwpf0ufeJY bmvkyf&rSef; rodbl;/ tJ'D tcsdefrSmyJ OD;&ckdifBuD;u qufajymw,f/ ]wu,fvnf; aomhrjyifbJeJY xGufvmvdkufMuwm? ,Mwmu rSm;NyDvm; rodbl;} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

129

'Dpum;aMumifh a&Taomhtm;emoGm;yHkyJ/ bmrSvnf; vkyfray; wwfbl;/ &ckdifBuD;uyJ qufajymw,f/ ],Mwmawmh NyD;atmif ajcvdkufygOD;r,f/ orD;wpfckulrvm;…

'DtdrfBuD;xJrSm Mumoyaw;om;orD;&Sdvm;…} ][kwf…&Syd gw,f…bmjzpfvdkYvJ…} ]Mumoyaw;om;orD;udk aomhcsdwfwpfck vufaqmifay;&r,f wJh/ tJ'g ac:ay;ygOD;…b,folvJ… Mumoyaw;om;orD;qdkwm apmapmu cg;axmufwJh vlqdk&ifawmh aeygapawmh…} ]r[kwfygbl;…orD;yg…} ]aMomf…[kwfvm; tqifoifhvdkufwm? tm…ckeu ajymawmh a&Taomhqdk Mumoyaw;om;orD; [kwfvkdYvm;…} tJvdkajymNyD; tdwfxJ EIdufaewJh vufudkawmif ½kwfvdkufao; w,f/ &cdkifBuD;wkdYuawmh tu,f'rDay;&if wpfu ajy;aerSmyJ/ tJ…'g½dkufwmu MoZmqdkwm od&&ifawmh rif;orD;u EkwfxGufrSm aocsmw,f/ ][kwfygw,f&Sifh…a&Taomhqdkwm tdrfrSmac:wmyg/ ausmif;em rnfu raemjzL…wJh…} ]aMomf…'Dvdkvm;…'Dvkdqdkawmhvnf; ,Mwmtxajrmufwm aygh…a&mh…} &cdkifBuD;u olYtdwfxJu aomhcsdwfav; xkwfay;vkdufw,f/ aomhcsdwfrSmwJGygvmwJh t½kyfuav;u ½kyfajymifav; r[kwfygbl;/ ½kyfwnfav;rS wu,hfudk plykyfykyfvkyfaewJh 0uf0Huav;/ a&Taomhu &,fw,f/ cspfp&mav;wJh/ &ckdifBuD;uawmh olYaomhwJGawGcsdwfxm;wJh axmufwdkifav;udk jyefrNyD; ycHk;ay: xrf;vdkufw,f/ ]uJ…orD; oGm;awmhr,f/ aus;Zl;yJ…} ][kwf…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

130

raemf[&D

&ckdifBuD;u ajcvSrf; av;ig;vSrf;avmufru vSrf;oGm;ao; w,f/ NyD;rS owd&ovdkeJY jyefvSnhfNyD;… ]aMomf…arhv…

Ykd } ]bmvJ…OD;av;…} ]tJ'D t½kyfav;u pum;vnf; ajymwwfw,fuJGU} ajymNyD;wmeJY ajcvSrf;udk ESpfqru jrefatmif wifavQmufNyD; vrf;axmifhcsdK;auGUrSm apmifhaewJh uRefawmhfqD a&mufvmygawmh w,f/ a&Taomhuawmh t½kyfuav;udkMunhfNyD; Za0Z0gjzpfusefcJhrSm yJ…/ NyD;awmhrS t½kyfuav;&JU atmufajcrSm ‘Squeeze me’ qdkwJh pmaMumif;av;udk awGUvdrfhr,f/ pdwf0ifwpm;eJY n§pfMunhfvdkufrd&if awmh plykyfaewJh 0uf0Hav;u 0rf;omtm;& pum;xajymrSmyg/ ‘ I … I… I… I… Love… you’ vd…

Yk / tJ'Dtcgus a&Taomhwpfa,muf rausreyfeJY &ckdifBuD;udk a'go xGufaervm;? 'grSr[kwf uRefawmhfudk ajy;jrifNyD; pdwfwdkaervm;? 'grSr[kwf t½kyfuav;udk r&Jw&JeJY aemufwpfacguf xyfn§pfMunhf aervm;…rodEdkifbl;/ aocsmwmuawmh aysmfp&maumif;ygw,f/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

131

(¡) uRefawmf&JU 'kwd,tqifh pDrHudef;uawmh tawmfav;udk u&duxrsm;ygw,f/ &cdkifBuD;qDu a&Ta&mifaomhawG&,f? I love you vdkY atmfwJh wul;wu &SmazGxm;&wJh 0uf0H½kyfuav;awG &,fudk wpfckjcm;pD csdwfwJG&wmygyJ/ aomhwpfacsmif;? 0uf0H wpfaumifNyD; aomhwpfacsmif;…tJ'v D kd pDxm;wJ[ h mawGukd vdu k u f m yHw k pfc&k atmif csdwfqufNyD;csdefrSm aomhtacsmif;ESpfq,f? 0uf0H taumifESpfq,f ukeyf gw,f/ tJ'gawmifrS jywif;wpfaygufpmrdyYk g/ wHcg;wpfaygufpm om qdk&if uRefawmfrvG,fbl;/ NyD;…tapmBu;D x…/ ausmif;apmifu h aomhziG chf sed rf mS Global xJ 0ifcGifh&atmif BudK;pm;&ao;w,f/ NyD;awmh cdk;aMumifckd;0SufeJY a&T aomhxdkifaeus cHkab;u jywif;aygufrSm tJ'D vdkufumav;udk uysm u,m csdwf&w,f/ awmfao;wmaygh/ t&ifu bmvkyfxm;rSef;rod wJh oHEpS af csmif;u tqifoih&f adS evkY… d / r[kw&f if tdwx f J vd&k r,f& xnhfvmwJh wlawG oHawGudk xkwfae&OD;r,f/ xkae&&if toHudk vlMum;OD;r,f…/ vdkufumav; csdwfNyD;awmhrS a&Taomh xdkifwJh pm;yJGay:rSm uRefawmhfemrnf twdkaumufjzpfwJh AZ qdkwJh Sticker av; uyfxm; wJh Tissue xkyfav;udk wifcJhvdkufw,f/ uRefawmf xGufvmawmh ausmif;apmifhBuD;u twef; rwufawmhbl;vm;…wJh/ uRefawmf cyf wnfwnfeJY AdkufqmvdkYAs qdkNyD; uifwif;buf xGufcJhvdkufw,f/ uifwif;urSwpfqifh S-23 udk ajcukefokwf&awmhwmaygh…/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

132

raemf[&D

twef;xJa&mufawmh xHk;pHtwdkif; uRefawmhfudk BudKaewwfwJh abmvHk;a&mifpHkav;udk rawGU&awmhygbl;/ uRefawmhfppfqifa&;udk &dyfpm;rdoGm;vdkY olYbufu jyefqkwfoGm;wmvm;vdkY udk,hfudk,fudk txifwBuD; awG;rdvdkufao;w,f/ aocsmwmuawmh 'DaeYawmh 'g[m uRefawmhfvufcsufqdkwm odoGm;rSmygyJ/ AZ vdkY uyfxm;wJh Tissue xkyfav;udk oHk;zdkY xkyfvdkuf&ifawmh Tissue Paper p wdkif;rSm pmav;wpfaMumif; awGUrSmyg/ I miss you Golden Key!!

qdkwJh pmaMumif;av;awGaygh/ 'geJYygqdk ESpf&uf…/ 'gayr,hf twef;NyD;wJhtxd a&Taomh&JU t&dyfudkawmif rawGU& ygbl;/ tif;av…a&Taomhu t&ifuvdk uReaf wmhu f v kd mawGUavmuf rSm r[kwfygbl;/ 'gaMumifh uRefawmfyJ awmifilbuf wpfacgufvSnhf &jyefw,f/ udkoef;vdIifuawmifrS ar;aeao;w,f…/ ]rif;…uGrf;oD;ukeful;aewmvm;}…wJh/ uRefawmf em;rvnfygbl;/ ]bmvJ…udkoef;vdIif…} ]a&mf…rif;…awmifilbufudk acsmif;usrwwf oGm;aevdkY ar; wm…} ]aMomf…'gvm;…} ynm&Sd yDoygayh…/ awmifilu uGrf;oD;u t&rf;aumif;w,f qdkwJh pmcsdK;awmif &Sdwmudk olrarhbl;/ ]uGrf;oD;awmifilESifh udkif; xHk;jzL/ jynf&Sm;…om0g;vdkY axG;} qdkwJh pmom;av;udk &GwfMunhfrd &if; udkoef;vdIifudk usdwfcsD;usL;vdkufrdw,f/ ]uReaf wmfu uGr;f oD;t0,fwufwm r[kwb f ;l … awmifib l &k if &JU orD;awmfudk &SmyHkawmf zGifhaewm…} uRefawmhfpum;aMumifh udkoef;vdIifu pkwfoyfygw,f/ oem; aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

133

w,faygh/ NyD;awmh ]qufvkyf}vdkYvnf; tm;ay;vdkufao;w,f/ olwdkY &JU pum;awGukd analize vkyNf y;D rcHpm;tm;ygbl;/ awmifib l uf a&muf zkdYu ta&;BuD;wmav…/ awmifilaqmifa&mufawmhrS uRefawmf bk&m;wç&awmhwm/ OD;cspfu pm;yJGxdk; vufxJrSmvnf; I love you qdkwJh 0uf0Hav;/ jyifOD;vGifu aumifav;vufxJrSmvnf; wpfaumif? pef;armif vuf xJrmS wpfaumif? *sme,fa&mif;wJt h a':Bu;D vufxrJ mS u oH;k aumif…/ t&SnfBuD;qdkifu pm;yJGxdk;av;awG vufxJrSmvnf; wpfaumifpD…/ uRefawmf odvdkufygNyD/ ra&Taomhawmh vkyfcsoGm;NyDqdkwm…/ tJ'geJY tcspfawmftusdK;awmfaqmifav; pef;armifudk ac:& w,f/ ]pef;armif…} ]vmNyDtpfudk…} ]'Daumifav;awG rif;wkdY b,fu &wmvJ…} ][dk…a&Ta&mifum;BuD;…} aA'ifar;aewmurS tcsdefukefOD;r,f/ 'gaMumifh odcsifwmyJ xyfar;vdkuf&w,f/ ]'Dt½kyfawGyJ a0oGm;wmvm;…} ]tif;…} ]aomhawGa&m…} ]aomh…rodbl;} ]a&Ta&mifaomhawG…} ]rodbl;} aocsmygw,f/ aomhawGudkawmh jyefodrf;oGm;yHkygyJ/ 'dxuf ydkaocsmwmuawmh olYemrnfygwJh Tissue pav;awG olYaemuf jyef ygoGm;r,fqdkwm…/ uRefawmf 0uf0Hav;awGudkvnf; a&wGufMunhf vdkufw,f/ aocsmw,f/ canteen wpfckvHk; tvGefqHk;&SdrS 15 aumif/ usefwJhig;aumifu olreJYyJ ygoGm;vm;/ twef;xJrSmyJ a0vdkuf aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

134

raemf[&D

vm;…b,folrS rodEdkifygbl;/ pef;armifuawmh uRefawmhfa&SUrSm xdkifaewkef;yJ…/ [kwfom;yJ…/ uRefawmf olYudk ar;csif&mar;NyD; ajzcrS ray;& ao;wm/ pef;armifudk rkefYzdk;ay;vdkufNyD; rSm&w,f/ ]reufudk ausmif;b,ftcsdefa&mufvJ…} ]&Spef m&DavmufrS…} ]apmvmvdkY r&bl;vm;} ]&w,f…} ]&&if reufjzef ckepfem&D rxdk;cifvmcJhuGm…} ]tapmBuD;yJ…} pef;armifu txGefYwufaeao;wmrkdY rkefYzdk; xyfay;vdkuf&ao; w,f/ 'gayr,hf pef;armifu uwdwnfw,f/ aemufaeYreufus wu,hfudk uRefawmfwkdYxuf apma&mufaewmudk awGU&w,f/ twl ygvmwJh &ckdkifBuD;uawmif oabmusvdkY…/ ckepfem&Dxdk;awmh a&Ta&mifum;BuD; qdkufvmNyD; a&Taomhtwef; xJ 0ifoGm;w,f/ ta0;uae vSrf;jrif&wm jzpfayr,hf uRefawmhf twGuaf wmh tvum;ae&if; reufcif;av;u t"dymÜ ,f ydjk ynhf oGm; ovdk cHpm;&w,f/ a&Taomh 0ifoGm;w,fqdk&ifyJ um;ab;rSm rmef tjynhfeJY vrf;ovm;aewJh '½dkifbmBuD;a&SUudk &ckdifBuD;u wcRifcRif wajymifajymifjzpfaewJh aomhwcsdKUeJYtwl jzwfavQmufw,f/ ]aomhjyifw,f…a&TaomhaiGaomh jyifw,f…} ausmif;xJrSmrdkY odyfratmfcdkif;xm;ayr,hf '½dkifbmBuD;uawmh Mum;w,f/ Ny;D …&cdik Bf u;D udv k nf; rSwrf o d mG ;yHyk …

J / rsuaf rSmifudk tpGr;f ukefMuKwf? cg;udk tcdkifrmqHk;axmufNyD; vSrf;ar;w,f/ ]'g…aomhjyifwJh ae&mvm;…} ]cifAsm;tvkyfvm;…} ]atmifrm…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

135

'½dkifbmBuD; a'goxGufoGm;csdefrSm &ckdifBuD;u at;at; aq; aq;yJ…/ ]a&Taomhjyifr,hfuav; 'DxJrSm &Sdw,f…oGm;OD;r,f…} ajymajymqdkqdk xGufoGm;wJh &ckdkifBuD;aemufudk '½dkifbmBuD;u vdkufoGm;wm um;awmif lock rcscJhEdkifbl;/ olpdk;&drfwmu a&TaomheJY &ckdifBuD;awGUrSm pdk;&drfwmav…/ uReaf wmfeYJ pef;armifuawmh a&Ta&mifum;em;oGm;Ny;D I love you, I miss you’ qdkwJh sticker av;awG tjynhfvdkuf uyfypfvdkufw,f/ vSawmifvSao;awmhw,f/ NyD; a&Taomhxdkifaeus aemufcef;xJudk t½kyw f pf½yk f ypfoiG ;f cJah o;w,f/ t½kyu f av;u vle½D ikd ;f ½kyu f av;/ idkaew,f/ n§pfvdkuf&if idkoHyg xGufvmNyD; tqHk;rSm I miss you vdkY vnf; atmfygao;w,f/ uRefawmfwkdY tvkyfNyD;oGm;wJhtxd &ckdifBuD;wdkY jyefxGufrvm ao;bl;/ aocsmw,f/ &cdkifBuD;u bmrSrodwJhyHkeJY a&Taomhtcef;yJ &SmaeovdkvdkvkyfNyD; olYudk taqmifBudKBudKMum;Mum;rusef tukef ac:oGm;rSm…/ wpfem&DeD;yg;avmufrSm &cdkifBuD;eJY '½dkifbm jyef xGuf vmw,f/ wpfa,mufudkwpfa,muf rsufjcnfjywfrcHbl;…/ tJ'DtcsdefrSm uRefawmfu olYa&SUxyfoGm;&yfvdkufw,f/ ]OD;av;…a&Taomha&m…} ]bm…a&Taomhv…

J } ]aMomf…rSm;vd…

Yk raemjzL…} ]r&Sdbl;…} ]aMomf…'gqdk twef;udk OD;av;u tpm;vmwufwmaygh…} uRefawmhfpum;aMumifh ola'goxGufoGm;csdefrSm &ckdifBuD;u pef;armifudk rsuf&dyfjyNyD; xGufoGm;ygNyD…/ ]uRefawmhfudk twef;jyxm;ygOD;} ]bmvdkY jy&rSmvJ…} ]rjyvnf; udk,hfbmomudk,f&Sm&awmhrSmaygh…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

136

raemf[&D

uRefawmf awmifilaqmifxJ 0ifawmh olvnf; vdkuf0ifvmjyef w,f/ &cdkifBuD;vdkawmh uRefawmf olYudk ywfrac:awmhbl;/ a&Taomh wkdY tcef;em;u cHkwpfcHkrSm xdkifaeawmh ol uRefawmhfudk rMunfMunfh Munhfw,f/ armif;xkwfydkifcGifhvnf; &SdrSr&Sdwm…/ a&TaomhwkdY acgif; avmif;xdk;awmhrS rodrom xvpfcJhw,f/ '½dkifbmBuD;uawmh 0rf;omoGm;rSmyJ/ 'gayr,hf um;qD jyefa&mufrS olY0rf;omrIawG[m rjrJwJh w&m;awGygvm;qdkwmudk olqifjcifoHk;oyfrdoGm;vdrfhr,f…/ tJ'Dtcgus ol uRefawmhfudk arwåmydkYrSmaygh…/ olYarwåmawmh rvdkcsifygbl;/ vleD½dkif; ½kyfuav;u xGufusvmr,hf idkoHeJY I miss you qdkwJh pum;vHk;av;udk Mum;&if ydkYor,hf a&Taomh&JU arwåmudkyJ vdkcsifrd ygw,f/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

137

(P) aemufwpfaeYpmtwGuf bmvkyf&ifaumif;rvJvdkY tMuHxkwf aewkef; udkodcFa&mufvmw,f/ ]MoZm…} ]Asm…udo k cd …

F } ]reufjzef…ausmif;b,ftcsdefoGm;rSmvJ…} ]ajcmufem&Dausmfausmfavmufaygh…bmvkyfrvJtpfudk} ]aMomf…vdkufr,fav…igeJY nDnDvdkufr,f…} ]vdkufr,f…[kwfvm;…} uRefawmf pdwfnpfoGm;ygw,f/ tMuHtpnfu build up vkyfvdkY r& &wJhxJ/ ]tif;av…a&Taomhudk oGm;awGUr,f…} ]tm…jzpfyghrvm;…} ]bmvdYk rjzpf&rSmvJ…a&Taomhu ighukd awGU&if xGuv f mrSmyg…} MunhfygOD;/ ydkifydkifEdkifEdkif ajymEkdifvdkufwm/ uRefawmhfb0u us awmh tJ'Dvdk rajymombl;/ jrifvsufeJYawmif ac:cGifhrydkifao;wJh b0…/ ][dk…'½dik b f mBu;D …} ]tm… bmaMumufaewmvJ MoZm…rif;a&miga&m ygawmhrS b,folY aMumuf&OD;rSmvJ…} qufajymae&if pdwfxJu &Sd&if;pJGawG ay:ukefOD;r,f/ aMumuf aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

138

raemf[&D

w,fvdkYuvnf; tajymrcHEdkifbl;av/ 'gaMumifh bmrS qufrajym awmhbl;/ vdkufcsifvdkufMuygapaygh…/ 'gayr,hf… olwdkYu 'DavmufeJY r&yfoGm;bl;/ a&Taomh#Dum csJUaeao;w,f/ udkodcFu pwmyg/ ]ckawmh…ighpdwfu wu,fawGUcsifvmwJhtwGuf awGUr,fvdkY ,Hkaew,f} ]udkodcFu bmvdkY ckrS ydkawGUcsifvmwmvJ…} 'gu nDnDar;wmyg/ uRefawmfuawmh wpfcGef;rSudk 0ifrajym csifbl;jzpfaew,f/ ]rajymwwfbl;uG… EdkifiHjcm;u jyefvmawmh… olYtwGuf vufaqmifwpfck 0,fvmwmay;csifwmvnf; ygrSmaygh…} vufaqmifay;csiw f ,fqw kd hJ taMumif;jycsux f uf ]rajymwwf bl;uG} qdkwJhtaMumif;jycsufu ydkcdkifvHkaeovdk cHpm;&w,f/ nDnDu awmh em;vnfvm; rvnfvm; raocsmbJeJY acgif;ndwf axmufcH aeav&JU/ ]a&Taomhu i,fi,fwnf;u ighudk t&rf;cspfwm…} t&ifb0uvdkY xnfhajymzdkY arhaevm; rodbl;…/ ]igu ightarEdkYudk olYudk cJGwdkufcJh&w,fqdkNyD; olu i,fi,f wnf;u aus;Zl;wifaewmav…olYtaz olYudk oifxm;wmvnf; ygrSmaygh…bmrqdk tBuD;eJYti,fqdkayr,hf a&Taomhu ti,fjzpfNyD; tavQmhay;wm rsm;w,f/ igrsufpduG,fawmh ydkqdk;awmhwmaygh/ ausmif;csed u f vJ&G if ighem;rSmyJaewm rsm;w,f/ pdwrf npf&atmif… aysmfp&mpum;av;awG &Smajymay;wwfw,f…} ]uRefawmfvnf; tJvdk nDrav;rsdK; vdkcsifvdkufwm…} 0ifajymwJh nDnDhavoHu udk,fuyJ xifvdkYvm; rodbl;/ uRefawmhfudk &daeovdkyJ…/ udkodcFu &,fw,f/ NyD;awmh ajymyHkudk MunhfOD;…/ ]'gqdkvnf; tck a&Taomhudk rif;nDrawmfvdkufav…} wJh/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

139

ajymyHku olYydkifypönf;udk &uf&ufa&ma&m ay;aeyHkrsdK;…/ nDnD qdkwJh aumifuvnf; ododBuD;eJY uRefawmhfbufvSnhfNyD; toHudk vdk wmxuf ydkus,fajymw,f/ ]aumif;wmaygh udkodcF&m… aumif;wmaygh/ uRefawmhfrSmu armifESr r&Sdawmh nDrav;wpfa,mufvdkcsifaewm…} tvum;? tJ'DaumifrSm tpfrwpfa,muf&Sdw,f/ olu olY tpfrudk 0Sux f m;wm? vlord cHb;l / a,mufzac:cH&rSm pd;k vd?Yk 'g aMumifh raeEdkifrxdkifEdkifeJY 0ifajymypfvdkufw,f/ ]'gqdk rif;tpfr ighay;av…} ]bmuG…} ][J[J…} 'Dwpfcg &,f&rSm uRefawmhftvSnhfjzpfoGm;NyD…/ ]a&mf…bmajymrdvkdYvJ…rif;u nDrwpfa,muf &NyDyJ/ tpfr awmh ighay;aygh…igvnf; udk,hftpfrwpfa,mufvdk cspfcspfcifcif aerSmyg…} nDnD uRefawmhfudk toHwdwf qJa&;ygw,f/ udkodcFuawmh wtHhwMoeJY… ][kwfvm;…nDnDhrSm tpfr&Sdw,f [kwfvm;…} nDnD toHrxGufygbl;…/ ][kwfw,f udkodcF…olYtpfru olYvdkyJ cefYacsmBuD; [D;[D;…} ]tawmfyJ 'gqdk igvnf; nDrwpfa,muf&wmaygh…} udkodcFonfvnf; acolrS r[kwfayyJJ…/ udkodcFpum;aMumifh nDnDhrsufESmydkrJoGm;&w,f/ NyD;rS… ]Munhfao;wmayghMoZm&m…} wJh/ olYMuHK;0g;yHku aMumufp&m raumif;ygbl;/ &,fp&myJ aumif;w,f/ tJ'Dnu olwkdYpum;0dkif;u abmvHk;yJGbuf a&mufoGm;Muw,f/ uRefawmfu olwdkYabmvHk;yJG awGudk pdwfr0ifpm;ygbl;/ uRefawmhf½kyfajymifabmvHk;av;awGudkyJ pdwf0ifpm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh wpfcGef;rS 0ifrajymrdbJ tdyfaysmfoGm; aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

140

raemf[&D

vdu k w f m/ tdyrf ufxrJ mS awmif a&TaomheYJ awGUaeao;w,f/ a&Taomh u uReaf wmhu f kd ½kyaf jymifabmvH;k av;awGeYJ ypfaygufuspD ,faeowJ/h tdyf&mu Edk;vmawmh rdk;vif;aeygNyD…/ b,favmufrsm; 0D&d,aumif;MuovJ rodbl;/ ausmif;oGm; &r,hf olxufudk olwdkYu apmNyD;aeao;w,f/ Munhf&wm nu awmif tdyfMu&JUvm; rodbl;…/ ausmif;a&mufawmh OD;cspfbufrSmyJ xdkifjzpfMuw,f/ cPaeusawmh a&Ta&mifum;BuD; qdkufvmw,f/ a&Taomhu um;ay:u rqif;cif '½dkifbmBuD;udk bmawG rSmwrf;a>caerSef; rod bl;/ tMumBuD;yJ…/ raeYuvdk sticker awG a&mufrvmapeJYqdkwm vnf; yg&if ygrSmaygh…/ a&Taomh um;ay:u qif;w,fqdk&ifyJ a&Ta&mifum;BuD;u jyef auGUxGuo f mG ;w,f/ a&Taomhu pdwrf csvYkd um;awmif 'Dem;rSm rxm; cdkif;awmhbl;xifw,f… a&Taomhwpfa,mufwnf; taqmifbuf 0ifrvdkY tvkyfrSm udkodcFu xac:w,f/ ]a&Taomh…a&Taomh} a&Taomh Za0Z0geJY vSnfhMunhfw,f/ udkodcFudkvnf; jrifa&m… rajy;½Hkwr,fy…

J / ][,f…odc…

F } olYudk Munhf&wm ajy;zufrvm;awmif xif&w,f/ a&mufp jyKaewJh ausmif;olausmif;om;wcsdKUuvnf; pyfpkovdk vSrf;Munhf w,f/ a&TaomheJY udkodcFu…wpfa,mufvuf wpfa,muf wif;usyf pGm qkyfudkifxm;vdkufMuw,f/ tJ'Dwif;usyfrIawGxJrSm rGef;usyfoGm; &wmuawmh uRefawmhfESvHk;om;aygh…/ udkodcFu uRefawmfwkdY0dkif;udk a&Taomhudk ac:vmw,f/ vufu ckxd rvTwfMuao;bl;/ a&Taomhuqdk udkodcF&JU vufarmif;udkawmif zufwG,fxm;vdkufao;w,f/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

141

]vmxdik … f a&Taomh…} a&Taomhu cyfwnfwnfeJY 0ifxdkifNyD; uRefawmhfudkvnf; bmrS rjzpfovdk EIwfqufw,f/ ]tJ…MoZm…twef; r&Sdbl;vm;} ]rwufwm…} ]aMomf…{nfhonfvmrSmrdkYvdkYvm;…} udkodcFwdkYudk nTefNyD; ar;w,f/ ][kwfw,f…}vdkY ajzvdkuf&wmaygh…/ udkodcFu a&TaomhtwGuf 0,fvmwJh vufaqmifudk xkwfay; w,f/ bmrSef; rodygbl;/ a&Taomhu csufcsif; jznfxkwfrSyJ awGU& awmhw,f/ qJGBudK;av;wpfuHk;yg/ avmhuufav;u AZ qdkwJh yHk av;eJY aomhuav;wpfacsmif; wJx G m;wm…/ ao;ao;av;rSwu,hf ao;ao;av;/ vuf&mu t&rf;ajrmufygw,f/ AZ qdkwm A to Z udk qdkvdkwmvm;? MoZmvm;qdkwmudkawmh 0,fvmwJh udkodcFawmif odrmS r[kwyf gbl;/ uReaf wmfu tJvkd awG;vku d rf ad yr,hf rSm;oGm;wm udk awGUvdkuf&w,f…/ ]odcF…'Davmhuufav;ESpfcku t"dyÜm,f&Sdvm;} ]tm…&Sw d maygh…} ]bmt"dyÜm,fvJ…} ]alphabet A to Z udk aomhcwfxm;wm…'DqJGBudK;av;&JU emrnf udku ‘Alphabank and its Key’ wJh…} [kwyf gw,f/ teDa&mif…uwåyD g…bl;axmifrh mS a&Ta&mifpmwef; av;u tJvdkyJ xdk;xm;ygw,f/ aocsmwmuawmh 'g[m MoZmeJY a&Taomhudk udk,fpm;rjyKbl;qdkwmaygh/ a&Taomhu udkodcFudk ckxd rSDEJGUxm;wkef;ygyJ/ uRefawmhfpdk;&drfylyefrIawGu ck wu,fjzpfvmcJhNyD av/ olw&kd UJ oHa,mZOfeYJ &Scd zhJ ;l wJh arwåmw&m;u…'Db0xd cdik jf raJ e MuOD;r,fqdk&if…/ uRefawmf wjznf;jznf; touf&SLusyfvmw,f/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

142

raemf[&D

qufvuf&yfwnfjcif;iSmvnf; rpGrf;awmhovdkyJ…/ uRefawmf xGufajy;rS jzpfawmhr,f xifyg&JU…/ tawG;eJYtwl xdkif&mu xvdkufw,f/ ]a[m…MoZm…bmvkyrf vdv Yk …

J } nDnDu wtHhwMo ar;w,f…/ ]ig…udkoef;vdIifwkdYeJY csdef;xm;wm arhaevdkY…} ][m…aemufro S mG ;uGm…} ]r&bl;…olwUYkd ighukd pm&Si;f jyay;rSm…igysuu f u G v f Ydk rjzpfb;l …} ]NyD;&if 'Dudk jyefvmcJhav…apmifhaer,f…} udkodcFu vSrf;ajymwmyg/ 'gayr,hf uRefawmf acgif;cgjyvdkuf w,f/ xGufoGm;w,fqdkuwnf;u jyefvmzdkYrS r[kwfyJ…/ ]raocsmbl;? rapmifheJYawmh…} uRefawmf ausmcdkif;xGufcGmcJh&m vrf;wpfavQmufrSm uHhaumf awG twHk;t½Hk; a<uvGifhaeMuw,f/ trSefu 'g[m olYtcg &moDeJY obm0yg/ uRefawmfuawmh tJ'DuHhaumfawGudk uRefawmhftwGuf aMuuJGa<uuscJh&wmvdkY xifjrifrdw,f/ pdwfxifaMumifhvm; rodbl;/ pJGusefaeao;wJh uHhaumf&eHY wcsdKU u…uRefawmhfudk rl;a0aemufusdvmapw,f…/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

143

(w) b,fvdku b,fvdk tdrfjyefa&mufoGm;rSef;vnf; uRefawmfrod bl;/ uRefawmf bmawGjzpfoGm;cJhrSef;vnf; uRefawmfrodbl;/ uRefawmf owd&awmh ab;rSm vlpHkyJ…/ udkodcF? nDnD? a&Taomh? udkoef;vdIif? udkapmvGif? pE´m0if;? cifoEÅmxGef;…/ ]owd&NyDvm;…MoZm…} uRefawmf tomacgif;qwfjyNyD; jyefrSdef;aevdkuf&w,f/ [kwf rSmyg/ uReaf wmf wpfcck jk zpfomG ;cJw h ,f/ tjzpfEikd q f ;kH u t½kyBf uKd ;jywf vJwmrsdK;aygh/ uRefawmfuvnf; uRefawmfyJav…/ aeylra&Smif? ae&dyfra&SmifeJY…/ vrf;wumhvrf; oGm;NyD; ypönf;&Sm& pk&aqmif;& aomhawGudk aq;ulrIwf&eJY…/ taMumif;pHk rodao;vdkYom ab;rSm 0dkif;oem;aeMuwm/ taMumif;pHkod&if arwåmydkYMurvm; rodbl;/ udkoef;vdIifu… ]'Daumif'D&ufydkif; twef;NyD;wmeJY awmifilaqmif oGm;oGm;ae wm/ twef;rpcifvnf; 0ifcJhyHkyJ/ Arts eJY Science u vlaumif;awG twGuf avQmuf&wm ra0;ayr,hf olu aeaumif;cgpav…'Dawmh ckvdkvJwmaygh/ awmfao;w,f/ pmMunhfwdkufem;rSm twef;xJu vlwcsdKU &SdaevdkY uRefawmhfudk tjreftaMumif;vmMum;wmeJY xGuf cJ&h wm…ck…olowd&Nyq D akd wmh…uReaf wmfwYdk jyefO;D r,f q&mBu;D udk taMumif;Mum;&OD;r,f/ q&mBuD;u olYudk awmfawmfpdwfylaewm… taru aeraumif;? tpfudku aeraumif;eJY olYnDrawmh 'ku©yJvdkY awmif ajymvdkufao;w,f…} aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

144

raemf[&D

ZmwfpHkodaeMuwJholawGrkdY tm;vHk;u &,fMuygw,f/ uRefawmf awmif jyHK;rdao;vm; rodbl;/ q&mBuD;udkawmh pdwfxJu wu,hf udk ½dk½dkusdK;usdK; av;av;pm;pm;eJY OD;csuefawmhvdkufrdw,f…/ udkoef;vdIifwdkYvlpk jyefoGm;awmhrS nDnDu uRefawmhfvufudk udkifNyD; ar;w,f/ ]aocsmowd&NyDvm;…MoZm…} ]tif;…} ]ajymp&m &Sdw,f…em;axmifrvm;…} ]aemufrS ajymuGm…} uRefawmf tawmftm;,lNyD; jiif;vdkuf&w,f/ ckcsdefrSm bmrS rMum;csifbl;av…/ a&Taomh toHu vJG&ifaygh/ cufwmu tJ'D toHav;uvnf; uRefawmhftwGuf r[kwfawmhbl;/ uRefawmhf&JU tvm;tvmaumif; e,fajrav;uvnf; 'DreufyJ tvHpdkufcHvdkuf &NyD/ uRefawmf ppf½HI;wmaygh/ NyD;atmif rwdkufvdkuf&bJ tEdkift½HI; aocsmoGm;wmvnf; wpfrsdK;awmh aumif;ygw,fav…/ ]aemufrS ajym&r,f…[kwfvm;} ]tif;…} ]olwkdYu ckajymcsifwmwJh…} 'Dtcef;xJrSmu vloHk;a,mufyJ &Sdwm? (uRefawmfu vJG&if)/ ckajymaewmu nDnDqdkawmh olwkdYqdkwm a&TaomheJYudkodcFyJ &Sdwm aygh/ olwdkYajymrSmudk ydkNyD; rMum;vdkygbl;/ 'gaMumifh Nidrfaevdkufw,f/ ]MoZm…} udkodcFu ac:w,f/ uRefawmf rsufvHk;udk tomzGifhMunhfvdkufawmh rjrifcsifwJh jrif uGif;udk jrif&w,f/ udkodcFu a&Taomh ycHk;udk odkif;zufxm;NyD; vuf wpfzufu a&Taomh vufuav;udk qkyfudkifxm;w,f/ uRefawmf rsuv f ;kH tpHu k kd jyefrw dS yf pfvu kd w f ,f/ rsu&f nfpufwcsKd Uudv k nf; tvsif tjref odrf;&if;aygh…/ aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

145

'gayr,h… f uRefawmhfnmbufvufxJudk El;nHhwJh tawGUtxdav;wpfck a&mufvmw,f/ ]a&Taomh…} uRefawmf ua,mifuwrf;eJY tm½HkawG rSm;aewmvm;vdkY awG; rdNyD; rsufvHk;udk zGifhMunhfvdkufawmh wu,fygyJ/ apmapmu udkodcF qJGudkifxm;wJh a&Taomh&JU vufuav;udk uRefawmhf nmvufxJ udkodcFudk,fwdkif vmxnhfay;wmyg…/ ]rif;u bmrS rajymayr,hf igu tvdkufodygw,f…} ]Asm…} uRefwmfu tHhMoaewkef;yJ…/ ]ighnDrudk rif;vufxJ tyfw,fav…} ]odcaF emf…} a&Taomhu udkodcF ycHk;ay: acgif;rSDNyD; rsufESmudk 0Sufcsvdkuf w,f/ bmawGvJ…/ bmawGvJ…/ uRefawmf bmrS em;rvnfawmh bl;…/ acgif;awGawmif ydkrl;vmovdkyJ…/ ]a&Taomhu ighnDrwpf0rf;uJGyg…MoZm…&JU} ]Asm…} 'Dwpfcg ]Asm}uawmh tHhMowmxuf 0rf;omwm ydkr,fxifyg&JU? avmuBuD;rSm 'Dvdkxdk;ZmwfawGu &Sdao;w,fwJhvm;/ ]'gqdk a&Taomhu a&Taomh 0ifpm;w,fqdkwm r[kwfbl;ayghh…} uReaf wmhpf um;aMumifh &,fMuw,f/ udo k cd u F vufumjyw,f/ ]ud, k f &Si;f jyr,f/ a&Taomhqw kd m rif;wkYd odxm;wJt h wdik ;f wu,f &SdcJhw,f/ olqHk;awmh udk,frsufpdjrifcJh&w,f/ tukeftrSefyJ/ 'D aumifrav;u a&TaomhqHk;NyD; wpfESpfausmfavmufrSm arG;wm… ararhtpfru arG;wmav? ararhtpfru tdraf xmifuswmaemufus aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

146

raemf[&D

w,f/ olarG;uwnf;u araru a&TaomheJY wlvScsnf&JU qdkNyD; a&Taomh 0ifpm;w,fjzpfaewm? BuD;vmvdkY ighudk ]odcF}vdkYyJ wdkjywf jywf ac:awmh ydkqdk;awmhwmaygh/ b,fvdkrS ]udkukd}ac:cdkif;vdkY r&bl;? olu t&ifu rEÅav;rSm aewm…olwkdYajymif;NyD; ighqD vmawGUwJh aeYu rif;udk awGUwmyJ…} ]aMomf…} ]tJ'DrSm olu rif;udk q&mvkyfvdkY Munhfr&bl;qdkNyD; Zmwfvrf; qifcJhwm…olqifwJh Zmwftwdkif; ighrSm u&ao;w,f/ NyD;awmhrS olYZmwfol rEdkifawmhbJ xGufajy;awmhwm…[m;[m;…} udkodcFu tukefodaewmaocsmwmaygh/ a&Taomh rajymeJY uRefawmfawmif &SufvmovdkyJ…/ ]uJ…ckawmh…Zmwfu emw,f…rif;om;u…½kyf&SifxJuvdk shock &oGm;awmh rif;orD;vnf; [efraqmifEdkifawmhbl;…} ]odc…

F } a&Taomhu olYtpfudk udk atmfNyD; qdwfqJGygw,f/ ]uJ…awmfNyD? Zmwf&nfu vnfNyD? igwkdYem;awmhr,f? jyKpkcsif &if eifyJaecJhawmh} ajymajymqdkqdkeJY udkodcFaum nDnDaum uRefawmhftcef;xJu ae rcsdKrcsOfeJY xGufoGm;Muw,f/ zifBudrf;aervm; rodbl;aemf…/ a&Taomhuawmh olYudk ai;MunhfaerdwJh uRefawmhfudk rsufapmif; xdk;w,f/ tm;vHk; odwJhtwdkif;yJ/ olrsufapmif;xdk;wm t&rf;cspfzdkY aumif;w,f/ uRefawmf zuferf;ypfcsifwmaygh/ cufwmu uRefawmhf rSm tm;r&Sdbl;/ udkodcF vmxnhfay;oGm;wJh vufuav;udkawmh jyef zrf;qkyfxm;vdkufw,f/ olu r½kef;ygbl;…/ ]a&Taomh…} ]bmvJ…} xl;yHku rnifomygbl;/ 'gayr,hf uRefawmhftwGufawmh om aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

147

,m vGef;aeygw,f/ ]udk,hfudk &Gmjyefvufaqmifay;zkdYygvm;} ]ay;NyD;NyDav…} ][ifhtif;…Mum;csifwm} a&Taomh rsufapmif;csdwfzdkY BudK;pm;jyefygw,f/ uRefawmfuawmh oufjyif;yJ zdcsae&awmhwmaygh…/ a&Taomhu olYtdwfxJu 0uf0H½kyfuav;wpf½kyf xkwfvdkuf w,f/ NyD;… uRefawmhf…em;…em;vmuyfay;NyD; ]aocsmem;axmif}wJh/ olr&JU vufuav;eJY zdn§pfay;vdkufwJhtcgrSm t½kyfuav;qD u toHxGufvmw,f/ ‘I … I… I… I … love … you…’ wJ… h / tJ'DtoHavmuf om,mcsdKjrwJhtoH 'DavmurSm &SdEdkifygOD; rvm;/ raocsmawmhbl;? aocsmwmuawmh uRefawmhfESvHk;om;udk a&Taomhu tNyD;tydkif aomhcwfodrf;qnf;ypfvkdufNyDqdkwmygyJ…/ &moufyef tusOf;usolawGxJrSm taysmfqHk;uawmh uRefawmf yJ jzpfvdrfhr,f xifygw,f/

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

148

raemf[&D

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

137

138

raemf[&D

awGUvm;… cspfolY&ifqDwnhfwnhfu uRef;uav;udk…/ rdk;cdkiSufuav;awG&JU aw;oH&,f… eHeufcif; ESif;pufawG&,feJY vSyaevdkufwm… 'g[m cspfolawG&JU vQdKU0SufuRef;uav;vnf; jzpfw,f/ raemf[&D 27? ar? 2005

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

139

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

140

raemf[&D

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf

cspo f &Y l ifqDwnfw h nfu h uRe;f

141

aMumifESpfaumifpmtkyfwdkuf