Updating Shanghai, Life from the ground up, P2

Updating Shanghai: Life from the ground up

Bart Kuijpers 1176420

ExploreLab XIV TU Delft & Tongji University

Mentor: Dr. G. Bracken 2012-06-21

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14

15

16

24

6

22

5.5

20

5

18

4.5

16

4

14

3.5

12

3

10

2.5

8

2

6

1.5

4

1

2

0.5

FSI

PEOPLE IN MILLIONS

POPULATION VS BUILDING FSI

1830

1840

1850

1860

1870

1880

1890

1900

1910

1920

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

2010

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POPULATION IN MILLIONS:

SHANGHAI

CHINA

FLOATING

28

1,400

26

1,300

24

1,200

22

1,100

20

1,000

18

900

16

800

14

700

12

600

10

500

8

400

6

300

4

200

2

100

1830

1840

1850

1860

1870

1880

1890

1900

1910

1920

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

2010

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20

石库门 shí stone

kù storehouse

mén gate

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22

里弄

li neighborhood

lòng alley

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弄堂 lòng alley

táng hall

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SHIKUMEN EVOLUTION

THREE-UP-THREE-DOWN EARLY SHIKUMEN TWO STORIES

TWO-UP-TWO-DOWN LATER SHIKUMEN TWO-THREE STORIES

ONE-UP-ONE-DOWN NEW STYLE LILONG THREE-FIVE STORIES 25

BUILDING CHARACTERISTICS ROOF TERRACE DORMER WINDOWS

COURTYARD SKYWELL

DECORATED STONE DOORFRAME. BLACK WOODEN DOOR

GREY & RED BRICKS

BALCONIES & BAY WINDOWS

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SIDE ALLEY JOINT LOAD BEARING STRUCTURE SOUTH FACING ORIENTATION

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MAIN ALLEY

FRONT FACES BACK PUBLIC FUNCTIONS ALONG MAIN ALLEY 28

NEIGHBORHOOD

ENCLOSED BY SHOPHOUSES

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32

33

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HIGH RISE EVOLUTION

BUTTERFLY MULTI ORIENTATIONAL MANY SMALL APARTMENTS, FEW ELEVATORS

SLAB SOUTH FACING BIGGER APARTMENTS, MORE ELEVATORS 35

HIGH RISE TOWER

STACK FLOOR 20-40 STOREYS ANY PUBLIC FUNCTIONS IN THE BOTTOM FLOORS PARKING GARAGE UNDERNEATH

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HIGH RISE COMPOUND

MULTIPLY TOWERS BY X ENCLOSED BY WALL SECUTITY BOOTH AT ENTRANCE GREEN SPACES ACCORDING TO BUILDING REGULATIONS

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DISTANCE IN MAN 0-0.15 INTIMATE CLOSE 0.15-0.45 INTIMATE FAR

0.45-0.75 PERSONAL CLOSE 0.75-1.2 PERSONAL FAR

1.2-2.1 SOCIAL CLOSE 2.1-3.6 SOCIAL FAR

3.6-7.2 PUBLIC CLOSE 7.2 PUBLIC FAR

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SOCIAL ZONES SHIKUMEN

HIGH RISE

SCALE

PEOPLE

SCALE

PEOPLE

AREA

8.000

Area

7.000

CITY BLOCK

2.000

COMPOUND

1.000

LONGTANG

800

TOWER

500

SIDE ALLEY

100

ELEVATOR

250

NEIGHBORS

50

FLOOR

10

HOUSE

15

HOUSE

3

ROOM

3

ROOM

1

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OUTSIDE MAIN ALLEY SIDE ALLEY HOUSE STAIRS ROOM

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DISTANCE IIN WHICH ENCOUNTERED

AMOUNT OF PEOPLE ENCOUNTERED

AREA 8,000

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NEIGHBORHOOD 2,000

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ALLEY 750

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SIDE ALLEY 100

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NEIGHBORS 50

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HOUSE 15

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ROOM 3

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DISTANCE IIN WHICH ENCOUNTERED

AMOUNT OF PEOPLE ENCOUNTERED OUTSIDE/ COMPOUND

LOBBY/ WAITING AREA

ELEVATOR

HALLWAY

APARTMENT/ ROOM 48

AREA 7,000

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COMPOUND 1,000

50

TOWER 500

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ELEVATOR 250

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FLOOR 10

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APPARTMENT 3

54

ROOM 1

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SURVEY 5 QUESTIONS: HOW LONG HAVE YOU BEEN LIVING HERE? 0-1 YEARS 1-3 YEARS 3-10 YEARS

10-25 YEARS

HOW MANY PEOPLE DO YOU KNOW? 0-3 PEOPLE 3-10 PEOPLE 10-25 PEOPLE

25+ PEOPLE

DO YOU LIKE LIVING HERE? VERY LIKE LIKE

DON’T LIKE

SO-SO

WHY ARE YOUR REASONS FOR LIVING HERE? LOCATION SOCIAL FINANCIAL

FAMILY

HOW DO YOU FEEL ABOUT THE SOCIAL INTERACTION? VERY GOOD GOOD SO-SO

BAD

25+ YEARS

OTHER

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SURVEY 2 TYPOLOGIES - 5 QUESTIONS - 65 PEOPLE

GENDER

SHIKUMEN 16

29

AGE 14 11

17

10 8

35

HIGH RISE 4 13

MALE

HIGH RISE SHIKUMEN

FEMALE

18

3

0-20

4

4

21-35

36-50

51-65

3 3

66+

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RATING SOCIAL CONTACT

OD BA

D

SO-

SO

GO

VER

YG

OO

D

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

0-20

21-35

36-50

51-65

66+ SHIKUMEN HIGH RISE 58

RATING LIVING LIKELINESS

E DO

N’T

LIK

E

SO-

SO

LIK

VER

YL

IKE

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

0-20

21-35

36-50

51-65

66+ SHIKUMEN HIGH RISE 59

LIVING & SOCIAL CONTACT SHIKUMEN

HIGH RISE

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11

0

10

4

8

3

2

0 1 2 3

6

10

4

8

4

4

2

2

LIVIN

G LIK

ELIN

ESS

BAD

BAD

A SOCI

N L CO

1

3

6

4

GOOD TACT

2

2

4

GOOD

3

GOOD LIVIN

G LIK

ELIN

ESS

BAD

BAD

AL

SOCI

GOOD CT A T N CO

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LIVING PERIOD VS NUMBER OF ACQUAINTANCES SHIKUMEN

25+ 10-25 ACQUAINTANCES 3-10 0-3

HIGH RISE

25+ 10-25 3-10 1-3 0-1 YEARS 0-1 1-3 3-10 10-25 25+

25+ 10-25 ACQUAINTANCES 3-10 0-3

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家 jia house, home, family

宀 豕 shi roof

mián pig

CHINESE FAMILY: - A GROUP OF PEOPLE EATING OUT OF ONE POT - AN ECONOMICAL UNIT

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FUNCTIONS COMPOUND IS SELF SUFFICIENT, FACITILITIES WITHIN THE BORDERS

NEIGHBORHOOD IS SELF SUFFICIENT, FACILITIES ARE PUBLIC AND ENCLOSE THE NEIGHBORHOOD

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PUBLIC FUNCTIONS CLOSED OFF FROM THE URBAN FABRIC ONLY ACCESSIBLE FOR RESIDENTS

POROUS ENTITY ACCESSIBLE FOR EVERYBODY

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COLLABORATION ENGLISH (TUDOR) FRENCH (CITE) SHANGHAI VERNACULAR FENG SHUI CHINESE SOCIETY

ACTORS

RENTAL HOUSING MARKETS PUBLIC FACILITIES SMALL INDUSTRY MAIN ALLEY

FUNCTIONS

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CULTURAL IDENTITY

“SHANGHAI IS LIFE ITSELF. NOTHING MORE INTENSELY LIVING CAN BE IMAGINED...

SO MUCH LIFE, SO CAREFULLY CANALIZED, SO RAPIDLY AND STRONGLY FLOWING, THE SPECTACLE OF IT INSPIRES SOMETHING LIKE TERROR.” ~ ALDOUS HUXLEY

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24

1.2

22

1.1

20

1.0

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0.9

16

0.8

14

0.7

12

0.6

10

0.5

8

0.4

6

0.3

4

0.2

2

0.1

1830

1840

1850

1860

1870

1880

1890

1900

1910

1920

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

CARS IN MILLIONS

PEOPLE IN MILLIONS

CARS IN SHANGHAI

2010

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PERSONAL TRANSPORTATION

=

72

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75

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77

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85

86

GREEN MACRO

NORMAL

MICRO

87

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SHIKUMEN VS HIGH RISE UPGRADE FROM OLD LIVING SITUATION HOUSING OF THE (INTENDED) SOJOURNERS INITIALLY PROVIDES HOUSING FOR SHANGHAINESE LATER PROVIDES HOUSING FOR IMMIGRANTS DESIGN IS PRAGMATIC AND ECONOMICALLY DRIVEN

SHIKUMEN HAVE HORIZONTAL SOCIAL SPACES, HIGH RISE DOES NOT HIGH RISE IS COMFORTABLE AND MODERN, SHIKUMEN ARE NOT 89

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370,000 $ MILLIONAIRES

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1830

1850

1870

1890

1910

1930

1950

1970

1990

2010 96

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99

100

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102

DUNBAR’S NUMBER 150

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75

103

SOUTH

NORTH

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105

ELEVATORS SEPARATE ZONES HORIZONTAL SEMIPRIVATE ZONE

SEMI-PUBLIC COMMERCIAL ZONE

SCALE

PEOPLE

AREA

8,000

NEIGHBORHOOD

2,000

TOWER

1,500

TOWER VERT. ZONE 500 (3X) ZONES SEPARATED ON A VERTICAL LEVEL

FLOOR

75

NEIGHBORS

25

PUBLIC COMMERCIAL ZONE

APARTMENT

3

ROOM

1

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MAKE THE MOST OF IT ARCHITECTURE NOVELTY MONUMENTALITY BIGNESS SWIFTNESS CHEAPNESS

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THE END QUESTIONS?