Addressing the Land Claims of Indigenous Peoples
Lawrence E. Susskind
Isabelle Anguelovski
Lawrence E. Susskind Isabelle Anguelovski
Addressing the Land Claims of Indigenous Peoples
Library of Congress Control Number 2008926096 © 2008 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Program on Human Rights and Justice Cover photo courtesy of Shizuka Hashimoto Community members resist the flooding of an Adivasi village by a dam project in India.
Contents Abstract 1 About the Authors 1 Introduction: What is indigeneity? 3 1. Indigeneity and the land: The vital link 12 2. Defining borders between indigenous peoples and dominant cultures 18 3. Sustaining traditional ways of life 22 4. Using national and international strategies 27 5. State reactions to indigenous peoples’ land claims 34 6. Doing the ground work: Preconditions for successful claims 47 7. First Peoples’ land claims: An uncertain future 52 The Case Studies 58 The Quichwa people of Sarayaku (Ecuador) 58 Isabelle Anguelovski The Mapuche (Chile) 62 Alexis Schulman The Amerindians (Guyana) 67 Summer Austin and Jonathan Kaufman The Pima: A Gila River Indian community (Arizona, United States) 70 Steven Lewis and Maria Reyes The Passamaquoddy and Penobscot (Maine, United States) 73 J. Eric Kent The Native Hawaiians (United States) 78 Katherine Wallace The Nisga’a (Canada) 83 Andrea Glen
The Tatars of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Ukraine) 87 Artur Demchuk The Bedouins (Israel and Jordan) 91 Thalia Berman-Kishony The Tsou (Taiwan) 93 Shunling Chen The Adivasi (India) 98 Shizuka Hashimoto The Richtersveld Community (South Africa) 102 Jessica Tucker-Mohl The Yonggom (Papua New Guinea) 106 Autumn Graham Notes 110
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" Introduction What is indigeneity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Group/Tribe country)(Continent,Location Number of People OccupiedArea Claim Status of the Claim !"#$%! &#'()! "('*(+! ,)-..! -),//!0( 12 344567'85!#594:;$85<+(+65!*0'60!'#! <5#'#75=!>?!@(+!A0'+5#5!BC(D$<'7?! E$E%9(7'$+F! Claims partially resolvedG!H7(7%#!$4!(%7$+$C?! ;<(+75=!>%7!6$+49'67#!<5C('+G!&=$E7'$+!$4!(! <5#E567(>95!+(C5!4$<!'+=';5+$%#!E5$E95! Iyuan-zhu-mingJ)!C5(+'+;!$<';'+(9! '+0(>'7(+7#)!'+!705!1KKL!6$+#7'7%7'$+M! 5#7(>9'#0C5+7!$4!(!>$=?!$85<#55'+;!'+=';5+$%#! '##%5#!'+!705!65+7<(9!;$85<+C5+7!'+!1KKNG!O+! 1KKK)!'+=';5+$%#!(67'8'#7#!#';+5=!705!Treaty of New Partnership between the Indigenous Peoples and the Government of Taiwan!*'70! 705+!PQQ!E<5#'=5+7'(9!6(+='=(75!H0%':>'(+! A05+G 1, !H585<(9!'75C#!'+!705!Treaty!>56(C5! E(<7!$4!705!$44'6'(9!E$9'7'6(9!(;5+=(!(475<!A05+! *(#!'+(%;%<(75=!'+!2...)!'+69%='+;!705! E<$C$7'$+!$4!'+=';5+$%#!#594:;$85<+(+65G! @$*585<)!'+!E<(67'65)!70'#!(%7$+$C?!'#!(EE9'5=! *'70!='44'6%97?G!! &='8(#'#! &#'()!O+='(! /LG,!C'99'$+ 1L -,R! 6$CC%+'7'5# 1R SEE$#'7'$+!7$!705!H(<=(<!H(<$8(<!Q<$D567! BHHQF)!705!9(<;5!=(C!6$+#7<%67'$+!$+!*'70! 705!T(<C(=(!U'85<!'+!705!T(<C(=(!V(995?! >56(%#5!$4!='#E9(65C5+7!6$+65<+#G!!! Claims unresolvedG!O+!W(<60!2..L)!=5#E'75! 705!6$+65<+#!$4!705!XT!A$CC'##'$+!$+! @%C(+!U';07#)!4%<705<!6$+#7<%67'$+!$4!705!=(C! %E!7$!705!05';07!$4!1L,!C575<#!*(#!(99$*5=G! "05!$<';'+(99?!E9(++5=!05';07!$4!705!=(C!*(#! 1,/!C575<#G! T(C(!BI705! U'6075<#859=! A$CC%+'7?JF! &4<'6()! H$%70! &4<'6(! 1.)...!B,)...! 4<$C!705! U'6075<#859=! A$CC%+'7?F 1/R)...!0( 1N U5$66%E(7'$+!$4!9(+=!$4!*0'60!705! 6$CC%+'7?!*(#!='#E$##5##5=!$4!'+!705! 5(<9?!2.70!65+7%<?)!=%5!7$!E<$#E567'+;!>?! ='(C$+=!C'+5<#! Claims resolved.!O+!2..L)!705!Y(+=!A9('C#! A$%<7!$4!H$%70!&4<'6(!=575<C'+5=!70(7!705! A$CC%+'7?!*$%9=!>5!(*(<=5=!<5#7$<(7'$+!$4! '7#!9(+=!(+=!C'+5<(9!<';07#G!!O+!S67$>5<)!2..-! 705!A$CC%+'7?!<5(605=!(!#57795C5+7!*'70!705! H$%70!&4<'6(+!;$85<+C5+7!'+!705!4$<C!$4!(! U1K.!C'99'$+!B(EE<$ZG![2N!C'99'$+F! <5E(7<'(7'$+!E(?C5+7)!'+!(=='7'$+!7$!7<(+#45<!$4! 7'795!7$!705!9(+=G! 1.!
"" Group/Tribe country)(Continent,Location Number of People OccupiedArea Claim Status of the Claim #$%&&$'! ()*+%,+-!.+/0+!1*2!30,%*+! <@*'A*=B*A!/*$/=*!#$%&&$'!>-666!$?!<@*!+//:$;,'+<*=8!+%9!"4-566!7080!"4 $))0/,*9!$?!<@*!+:*+!%$!*A<,'+<*A!G*A<!.+/0+H!E,B*:!+%9!E,B*:-!F=8!(C!D*9,! 7,%*N!*%B,:$%'*%<+=!9+'+&*!90*!<$!<@*!(C!D*9,!30,%*+!&$B*:%'*%<-!?$:!2,9*A/:*+9!)$'/+%8!A0//$:<*9!M8!<@*!.+/0+!1*2!KL.!K,==,<$%-!+%!J0A<:+=,+%!',%,%&!I=+,'A!?,=*9!,%!J0A<:+=,+%!I$0:<A!+&+,%A<! Claims resolved only on paper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
Section 1 Indigeneity and the land: The vital link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and and territory in indigenous cosmologies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chacha-warmi!I.0!hariwarmi!&$!K)+7/)#J!&'!#$!+''+$,&#-!+-+*+$,!.(!,/+!7.'*.-.26!.(!,/+!K)+7/)#!#$%!<6*#0#!3+.3-+4!
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!"#$%&'()*%Caipacha !"#$%$+,"#)*%+-.%Ukupacha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urinas,%>#29#%+,$%&#+,$.%F1,$&"%+,$+&4%J-1"#$,%72$9$%1F%"#$%"$,,2"1,(%2&%,$&",29"$.%"1%"#$% &#+8+-&%+-.%"#$%&72,2"&%!Yachak)4 ;K %%%%%%%%%%@+,+(+'/%7$173$%0$32$C$%"#+"%91-",1332-6%"#$%/&$%1F%-+"/,+3%,$&1/,9$&%!,2C$,&*%F1,$&"&*%123)% >2"#2-%"#$2,%"$,,2"1,(%2&%"#$%sine qua non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ista%F,18%"+'2-6%73+9$4 ;X %5-%"#$%Y-2"$.%@"+"$&*%Z28+%5-.2+-&%+-.%"#$2,%+-9$&"1,&%#+C$%F+,8$.%+31-6%"#$%[23+%\2C$,% 2-%9$-",+3%J,2]1-+%&2-9$%GWW%J4^4%E#$%>1,.%Z28+%2"&$3F%8$+-&%AE#$%\2C$,%Z$173$D*%91--$9"2-6% "#$%",20$%2-$O",29+03(%"1%2"&%6$16,+7#29%319+"21-4%J81-6%-+"2C$%",20$&%2-%J,2]1-+*%O’odham himdag*%1,%A>+(%1F%32F$D*%28732$&%+-%2-"$,91--$9"$.-$&&%1F%"#2-6&*%7$173$*%+-.%+9"21-&4%J991,.2-6% "1%_-/.&1-%T11.&%!GWWG)*%-+"2C$%",20$&%+,$%F1&"$,2-6%&",$-6"#%+-.%>$33-$&&%2-%"#$2,%9188/-2"2$&% 0(%",+-&3+"2-6%2-9,$+&$.%$91-1829%&$3F:&/FF292$-9(%+-.%,$&1/,9$&%.$,2C$.%F,18%6+82-6%2-"1%&192+3*% #$+3"#*%+-.%$./9+"21-+3%&$,C29$&%>#29#%8+2-"+2-%9/3"/,+3%2.$-"2"(*%"#$,$0(%7,1C2.2-6%+-%$FF$9"2C$% 7+"#%"1>+,.%"#$%8+2-"$-+-9$%1F%O'odham himdag. ;M %`+9'%1F%+99$&&%"1%3+-.%+-.%31&&%1F%6+82-6% ,$&1/,9$&%826#"%a$17+,.2]$%2"&%C$,(%$O2&"$-9$4%% E#$%[23+%\2C$,%#+&%7+,"%0$$-%1F%Z28+%9/3"/,$%F1,%&$C$,+3%9$-"/,2$&4%E#$%.2C$,&21-%1F%>+"$,% 2-%"#$%3+"$%">$-"(:F2,&"%9$-"/,(%7,1F1/-.3(%.2&"/,0$.%"#$%",+.2"21-+3%-+"2C$%>+(%1F%32F$%0+&$.%1-% +6,29/3"/,+3%&/0&2&"$-9$%+-.%2,,26+"21-4%b2$3.&%0$9+8$%0+,,$-*%+6,29/3"/,$%>+&%/-8+-+6$+03$*%+-.% <N%
!"#$%&'()*+,-.&%/&/"-()0/+1$&$2()+-0)$#$-)2&+%#+&/"-)1$3+-)&")+44$5&)-+&/#$)&%/1$26))78$)O’Odham himdag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a selva es nuestra casa:!16'!"#$%-#*=!6(+'!-#$!*+-0'!(3!@',(#&%#&;!<#/!-01%(#!@/!()1*%$'.*!5%16%#!
U-5:!5.%11'#!1(!.'$)0'!*1-1'!0(#1.(,!(9'.!(%,!(+'.-1%(#*!%#!L0)-$(.;!R(,,(5%#&!-!VN46().!*1-#$(33:! %#$%&'#()*!,'-$'.*!7'1!5%16!16'!7%#%*1'.;!P#'!(3!6%*!3%.*1!-00)*-1%(#*!-&-%#*1!16'!+.(1'*1(.*!5-*! 16-1!16'/!6-$!%,,'&-,,/!'#1'.'$!mi casa!C7/!6()*'F;!W-3-',:!-#!%#$%&'#()*!,'-$'.:!.'*+(#$'$!16-1! J16%*!6()*'!@',(#&*!1(!-,,K!L0)-$(.%-#!0%1%2'#*!-#$!.'X'01'$!16'!%7+,%0-1%(#!16-1!-!&.()+! 6%*1(.%0-,,/!'>0,)$'$!3.(7!L0)-$(.%-#!*(0%'1/!6-$!#(!.%&61!(3!0%1%2'#*6%+!(.!#-1%(#-,!@',(#&%#&; NY G).*)%#&!16'!16'7'!(3!6(7'!&.()#$!-#$!56(!@',(#&*!16'.':!W-3-',!'7+6-*%2'$!16-1:!
16%*!1'..%1(./!.'Z)%.'$!#'&(1%-1%(#!5%16!%1*!%#$%&'#()*!(5#'.*;!?6%*!'>06-#&'!.'9'-,*!6(5!.-0'!-#$! 0,-**!$'3%#'!#(1%(#*!(3!0%1%2'#*6%+:!+.(+'.1/:!'>0,)*%(#:!-#$!3(.)7*!3(.!+-.1%0%+-1%(#;!! D[!
16'/!0-#!-06%'9'!*(7'!$'&.''!(3!0(#1.(,!(9'.!56(!0-#!0.(**!16%*!@(.$'.!-#$!56-1!6-++'#*!5%16%#! %1*!1'..%1(.%-,!@()#$-.%'*;!! !!!!!A(##-#!-#$!B%,*(#!CDEEEF!%$'#1%3/!16.''!7-%#!1/+'*!(3!@()#$-.%'*!16-1!$'1'.7%#'! .',-1%(#*!%#!(.!-7(#&!*(0%'1%'*;!!Social and symbolic boundaries!$'3%#'!7'7@'.*6%+!%#! 0(,,'01%9%1%'*;!G'(+,'!7%&61!06((*'!1(!*6-+'!16%*!3(.7!(3!@()#$-./!%#!1'.7*!(3!$%33'.'#1!0(#1'>1*! -#$!+.'**).'*;!Cultural boundaries!*'+-.-1'!$%33'.'#1!5(.,$*!(3!7'-#%#&!-7(#&!+'(+,' Geopolitical boundaries!$'3%#'!9%*%@,'!-#$!1-#&%@,'!-**'1*; HE !"#$%&'#()*!+'(+,'*!-.()#$!16'!5(.,$! *''8!0(#1.(,!(9'.!-,,!16.''!1/+'*!(3!@()#$-.%'*:!$'3%#%#&!56(!0-#!-#$!0-##(1!0.(**!16'7;! I()#$-.%'*!*'+-.-1%#&!J)*K!-#$!J16'7K!-.'!%7+(.1-#1!1(!-!0),1).'!3%&61%#&!3(.!*).9%9-,;!!! !!!<#!%#1'.'*1%#&!'>-7+,'!3.(7!L0)-$(.!(3!*/7@(,%0!@(.$'.*!*6(5*!6(5!%#$%&'#()*!+'(+,'! -.'!*'+-.-1'$!3.(7!16'!$(7%#-#1!*(0%'1/;!"#!M-#)-./!DEEN:!%#$%&'#()*!-01%9%*1*!3.(7!OPQ<"L:!
Section 2 Defining borders between indigenous peoples and dominant cultures
32;0'$=25&0'$(-/#'*6.-)$&"#$%05.2*$0')2-.:2&.0-$0=$HJI$4.**2)#%$2-/$H50(*/I$-0&$&"#'#=0'#$+#$ &'#2&#/$2%$2$Ķ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ontrol of symbolic borders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
Control of geographic borders
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:&$?3%@3&.$/"77*&%08$)11"#0+$0"$#)6%03-%A)$02)$#%6)#$?3&38%C*$2)-,)'$5*%-'$+"/%3-$/3,%03-$ 37"&($02)$&30%6)$?+"*$6%--3()#+9$?2)$#)(%"&$"1$<36%C%$%+$&"@$3$,#"7%&)&0$0"*#%+0$3#)3$1"#$ ?3%@3&)+)$@2"$/"7)$0"$6%+%0$3$/"77*&%08453+)'$)/"0"*#%+7$,3#C$0230$()&)#30)+$#)6)&*)+$"1$ 35"*0$RSMG.GGG$,)#$8)3#$1"#$3$/"77*&%08$"1$SGG$,)",-)9 MM $:&$PTTM.$02)$<36%C%$L"77*&%08$ U)6)-",7)&0$L"*&/%-$I<LULJ$%&%0%30)'$3$1%+2$/"&+)#630%"&$7"6)7)&0$0230$-)'$0"$02)$U3&38%C*$ V/"-"(8$O3#C9$?2)$,3#C$)&35-)+$?+"*$/"77*&%0%)+$0"$73C)$02)%#$"@&$')/%+%"&+$35"*0$2"@$0"$ 53-3&/)$)/"&"7%/$')6)-",7)&0$@%02$#)+"*#/)$,#"0)/0%"&9$?2)$,3#C$23+$3-+"$5#"*(20$5)00)#$ %&1#3+0#*/0*#)$3&'$()&)#30)'$%&/"7)$0"$+*,,"#0$+/2"-3#+2%,+$3&'$5%#02$+*5+%'%)+9$:0$%+$5)/"7%&($3&$ )&6%35-)$7"')-$1"#$"02)#$&)3#58$6%--3()+9$:0+$+*//)++$"@)+$7*/2$0"$02)$+"/%3-$6%#0*)+$"1$7*0*3-$ 3++%+03&/)$3&'$02)$/-3&$+0#*/0*#)$"1$0#3'%0%"&3-$?+"*$/*-0*#)9$$ <*/2$)11"#0+$@)#)$-30)#$#)/"(&%A)'$58$02)$("6)#&7)&0$@2%/2.$1"#$02)$1%#+0$0%7).$(#3&0)'$ @30)#$#%(20+$0"$3$-"/3-%089$W02)#$?+"*$/"77*&%0%)+$2"+0$3&&*3-$1)+0%63-+$"#$236)$/#)30)'$3$?+"*$ 1"*&'30%"&.$+*/2$3+$02)$?+"*$O)",-)$L*-0*#)$X$>#0+$!"*&'30%"&$)+035-%+2)'$%&$FGGP.$0"$2)-,$2"-'$ 02)%#$,)",-)$0"()02)#9$?2)$?+"*$3#)$03C%&($1*--$3'63&03()$"1$02)%#$#%(20$0"$+)-14("6)#&3&/)$3&'$3#)$ FH$
Control over surface resources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
./+3,)%"&(*2*).59((
!"#$%&'()"(*+*),%&()-.%#()#,/%)%"&,0(0%1.*)20.(!%)-()-.(#.*"+#3.*('.&.#,)./(42(.3")"+#%*5(,&/( 3+0)+#,0(1.*)%6,0(7#"8.3)*9((( (:-.(3,*.*("1(;#%<"&,(,&/(:,%!,&(*+''.*)()-,)(/%#.3)02(3"&)#"00%&'(&,)+#,0(#.*"+#3.*=( 7,#)%3+0,#02(!,).#=("&()-.(0,&/(!%00(,00"!(%&/%'.&"+*(7."70.*()"(/.6.0"7(,3)%6%)%.*()-,)(*+77"#)( )-.%#(4,*%3(&../*(,&/('.&.#,).(1+)+#.(.3"&"52>4+%0/%&'(7#"8.3)*(%&(-,#5"&2(!%)-()-.%#( 3"*5"0"'29(( Control over human resources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
Section 4 Using national and international strategies
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B"7#$%U5/7&9+: LK %(+#$/7&'1%5"5/'#)50%&'%=RKL%#$/%B&21+J+%/'#/7/,%'/1"#&+#&"'2%D&#$%#$/% 6/,/7+.%1"4/7'5/'#0%+',%.+#/70%D&#$%!7&#&2$%-".)5@&+:%% F'%=RRS0%+6#/7%?O%*/+72%"6%'/1"#&+#&"'%+5"'1%#$/%B&21+J+0%#$/%-+'+,&+'%6/,/7+.% 1"4/7'5/'#0%+',%#$/%37"4&'9&+.%1"4/7'5/'#0%#$/%B&21+J+%P&'+.%U17//5/'#%D+2%2&1'/,%@*%+..% 3+7#&/2%+',%2)@2/I)/'#.*%7+#&6&/,%@*%KO%3/79/'#%"6%#$/%B&21+J+%3"3).+#&"':%!*%#$&2%7+#&6&9+#&"'0%#$/% B&21+J+%1+&'/,%+)#"'"5*%D&#$&'%#$/%-+'+,&+'%./1+.%67+5/D"7E:%;$/%B&21+J+%9+2/%2)11/2#2%#$+#% P&72#%V/"3./2%9+'%5+'+1/%#"%3)72)/%#$/&7%9.+&52%#$7")1$%,&7/9#%'/1"#&+#&"'2%+',%/4/'%+.#/7%#$/% 6)',+5/'#+.%'+#)7/%"6%#$/&7%9"'6.&9#)+.%7/.+#&"'2%D&#$%#$/%,"5&'+'#%9).#)7/:%% Litigation P&'+..*0%#$/%.+2#%2#7+#/1*%+,4+'9/,%@*%'+#&4/%3/"3./2%&'%#$/&7%9.+&52%+1+&'2#%#$/%,"5&'+'#%9).#)7/% $+2%@//'%#$/%)2/%"6%'+#&"'+.%"7%&'#/7'+#&"'+.%9")7#2%+',%&'#/7'+#&"'+.%#7/+#&/20%7/2".)#&"'20%"7%
Negotiation F'%2/4/7+.%9")'#7&/20%&',&1/'")2%#7&@/2%$+4/%6")',%#$/&7%D+*%&'#"%,&7/9#%'/1"#&+#&"'2%D&#$%6/,/7+.0% 7/1&"'+.0%+',%."9+.%1"4/7'5/'#2%#"%37/22%#$/&7%.+',%9.+&52:%G/23&#/%#$/%9"2#0%./'1#$0%+',%
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Section 5 State reactions to indigenous peoples’ land claims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ype 1 – No reaction or negative reaction by the state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Section 6 Doing the ground work: Preconditions for successful claims &5$##3#(%,!.#%>##(!'(+'5#(*1,!-#*-/#,!&(+!%0#!+*3'(&(%!)1/%1$#6!5*<#$(3#(%,!$#,',%&(%!%*!%0#!)/&'3,!*2!'(+'5#(*1,)*3-#//'(5!)&,#6!!;#)*(+8!'(!3&(4!)&,#,!'(%#$(&%'*(&/!-$#,,1$#!31,%!.#!.$*150%!%*!.#&$!*(!7'$,%8!&!,#%!*2!-$#$#91','%#,!'(%#$(&/!%*!%0#!"#$%&'(!)*(+'%'*(,!&--#&$!%*!.#!#,,#(%'&/!%*!%0#!,1))#,,!*2!/&(+!)/&'3,!.4!'(+'5#(*1,!-#*-/#,6!!)/&'3,!31,%!.#!*$5&(':#+!'(!*$+#$!%*!3*1(%!&!!-#*-/#,6!!=0'$+8!%0#!<&/1#,!*2!%0#!+*3'(&(%!)1/%1$#!31,%!.#!#(/',%#+!'(!,1--*$%!*2!)/&'3,!%0&%!+*!(*%8!&%!2'$,%!5/&()#8!&--#&$!%*!.#!)*(,',%#(%!>'%0!%0#'$!'(%#$#,%,6!!7*1$%08!'(!%0#!)*1$,#!*2!/#5&/!*$!&/%#$(&%'<#!+#)','*(!3&?'(5!&$*1(+!/&(+!',,1#,8!'(+'5#(*1,!-#*-/#!31,%!.#!&//*>#+!%*!&$%')1/&%#!%0#'$!*>(!)*()#-%'*(!*2!%0#'$!+#,'$#+!,%&%1,!&(+!$'50%,6!!7'(&//48!'%!',!(#)#,,&$4!%*!-1%!,%$1)%1$#,!'(!-/&)#!%*!3*('%*$!&+0#$#()#!%*! Preparing conditions within the community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he value of international pressure 2*$#'5(!5*<#$(3#(%,6!B0#(!'(%#$(&%'*(&/!-$#,,1$#!*$!,1--*$%!+*!(*%!#F',%!*$!+',&--#&$8!%0#!<*')#,!=0#!)&,#,!#F&3'(#+!'(!%0',!,%1+4!$#<#&/!%0#!)&-&)'%4!*2!'(%#$(&%'*(&/!CDE,!%*!#F#$%!-$#,,1$#!*(!MN
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References "#$!%&!'())*+&!Mining, the environment, and indigenous development conflicts ,-./012!31$456/$78!09!"6$:01;!<65//! "##=067>?!@A=;6A&!'@A&+&!'BCCD+&!The Tatars of Crimea: Return to the Homeland&!E-6>;F2!E-G5! 31$456/$78!<65//&!! H;4$/G;6?!"&!'BCCI+&!In the belly of the river: Tribal conflicts over development in the Narmada Valley&!J5=!K06G2!LM906A!31$456/$78!<65//&! H6$;1!N&!O$##$;F/&!'())B+&!The Crimean Tatars. The Diaspora Experience and the Forging of a Nation.!P5$A512!@&Q&!H6$##&!! R>-6.>$##?!O&!;1A!S5115!%&T&!'5A/&+&!!'())U+&!!Islands in captivity: The record of the International Tribunal on the Rights of Indigenous Hawaiians &!!R;FV6$AW5?!X"2!%0-7>!@1A! <65//&!!! R0;75/!Y&!'@A&+&!'BCC(+&!Aboriginal land claims in Canada: A regional perspective&!,0601702! R0ZZ!R#;6G!<$7F;1! R0>51!"&!'BC[I+&!Arab border-villages in Israel; A study of continuity and change in social organization&!X;1.>5/7562!X;1.>5/756!31$456/$78!<65//&! R6;$W?!\&!'BCCD+!Historical dictionary of Honolulu and Hawai’i&!!P;1>;F2!,>5!%.;65.60=!<65//&! E5;1?!H&!;1A!P54$!Q&!'5A/&+&!'())*+&!At the risk of being heard&!"11!"6V062!31$456/$78!09! X$.>$W;1!<65//&! ]$/>56?!"#;1!O&!'BCCD+&!H57=551!\-//$;1/?!L770F;1/!;1A!,-6G/2!R6$F5;!;1A!R6$F5;1!,;7;6/&! ^/7;1V-#2!^/$/!<65//&! ]$/>56?!O$##$;F!]&!'5A&+!'BCCI+&!Toward sustainable development? Struggling over India’s Narmada River&!"6F01G2!J&K&?!X&@&!%>;6Z5&! ]P"R%L&!'())I+&!Sarayaku?!El pueblo del cenit, identidad y construcción étnica ]P"R%L_RE@%2!`-$70&!!! N6$99$7>/?!,&!'())*+!Ownership, use, occupation and management of ancestral Akawaio and Arekuna territory in the Upper Mazaruni. !N-8;1;!'())*+&! T;#-;#;1$?!\&,&!!'())(+&!In the name of Hawaiians: Native identities and cultural politics X$115;Z0#$/2!31$456/$78!09!X$115/07;!<65//&! T;/7$1W/!E&!;1A!O$#/01!,&!'BCCC+&!Borders: Frontiers of identity, nation and State&!J5=!K06G2! LM906A!^17561;7$01;#!<-V#$/>56/&! II
!"#$%&'()*+),-.+/+),0112/+)3&4%&%567.)#"&58%898%"&:;)<95%&755=)>786%&$%&')%&.%'7&"95)57;4? .787@A%&:8%"&+)B:&<7@@:C)D<"@%'%&:;)E89.%75)F@755) G:<<9@)G+),HII2/+)The Bedouin and the desert aspects of nomadic life in the Arab East+)D;<:&JC) E8:87)3&%K7@5%8J)"4)L7M)N"@$)F@755+) O:&'7@)-+P+()Q)R9&"S()-+),-.5+/+),011T/+)Contemporary indigenous movements in Latin America+)U%;A%&'8"&C)G:'9:@)F@755+) O:J&7)O+),HIIV/+)!"A7):&.)6"A7;:&.C)W67).%:;"'%#5)"4)8@%<:;):&.)&:8%"&:;)%.7&8%8%75)%&)G"@.:&() F@%N"&C)F@%N"&)3&%K7@5%8J)X@755+)) R#B"";()P+)),HIIV/+)Command of the waters: Iron triangles, Federal water development, and Indian water.)W9#5"&C)W67)3&%K7@5%8J)"4)D@%S"&:)F@755+) R#B9;;J)F+),011H/+)E%;7.)@%K7@5: The ecology and politics of large dams+)O"&."&C)Y7.)*""$5) :&.)*7@$7;7JC)Z&87@&:8%"&:;)>%K7@)L78M"@$+) R7%@)D+),HII[/+)As nomadism ends+)*"9;.7@C)U758K%7M)F@755+) R";;"J()W+),0111/+)The world is our witness: the historic journey of the Nisga’a into Canada. B:;':@JC)\%486)!"957+) >:9&78()P+),HII]/+)Without surrender, without consent: A history of the Nisga’a land claims ^:&#"9K7@C)P"9';:5)Q)R#Z&8J@7+) >7:)D+),HII[/+)At the desert's green edge, an ethnobotany of the Gila River Pima +)W9#5"&C) 3&%K7@5%8J)"4)D@%S"&:)F@755+) >";.7()L+),011V/+)Unsettled past, unsettled future: The story of Maine Indians+)_:@.%&7@C)W%;<9@J) !"957+) >"57()D;7`),7.+/+),HIIT/+)Nisga’a: People of the Nass River.)L7M)D%J:&56C)L%5':a:)W@%<:;) B"9&#%;+) >"57()D+),0111/+)Spirit dance at Meziadin: Chief Joseph Gosnell and the Nisga’a Treaty+)R:.7%@:) F:@$C)!:@<"9@)F9<;%56%&'+) >"57&?YK%)Z+),011V/+)Taking space seriously: Law, space and society in contemporary Israel D;.7@56"8):&.)*9@;%&'8"&C)D56':87+) >"J()D+),HIII/+)The cost of living+)L7M)N"@$C)R".7@&)O%<@:@J+) E:MJ7@()E+),011V/+)Crude chronicles+)P9@6:AC)P9$7)3&%K7@5%8J)F@755) E#6""@;()G+),HIIT/+)Culture and change among the Muyu.)W@:&5;:87.)<J)_)G)K:&)-`7;+)$%8;K) W@:&5;:8%"&5)E7@%75)0T+)O%7.7&C)b%8;K)F@755+) E%&'6()b+E+),HII0/+)People of India: An Introduction+)L7M)N"@$C)c`4"@.)3&%K7@5%8J)F@755+) 2])
!"##$%#&'()'*+,,-.)'/"0#1'23$243#5'6%7"83%$9#':941903#';%7'1<3"0'=91903#)'>$%7$%5'?3;@1"$%'A$$@#)' !13B3%#$%'C)'*+,,D.)'Gender and modernity in Andean Bolivia)'E9#1"%5'F%"B30#"1G'$='H3I;#' J03##)' F2230'C;K;09%"'L"#10":1'M$9%:"4&'EJE&'N'/$03#1'J3$243O#'J0$80;PP3)'*DQQQ.)'Mazulingok: Indigenous peoples, land rights and mining in the Upper Mazaruni R;%8'!)&'R;%8'C)'N'J9'M)'*+,,D.)' The history of Formosan Aborigines: Tsou//Tai-wan Yuanzhu-ming Shi: Tsou-zu-shi Pien'*"%'M<"%3#3.)'S;%T1$95'H<3'U"#1$0":;4'?3#3;0:<'M$PP"##"$%'$=' H;"V;%'J0$B"%:3)' R<"13&'?)'*DQQ,.)'Tribal assets: the Rebirth of Native America)'S3V'W$0@5'U3%0G'U$41';%7' M$P2;%G)' -X
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/051*-/02$."#$,*6,7/14$&0-$,#.$&$?'#5#-#0.$."'7*2"7*.$N&./0$:3#'/5&@$ References :13#/-&4$8@$&0-$:''767$F7-&,4$O@$PBKKQR@$LATAUTONOMY-Capítulo Ecuador: Informe Final, Fundación Pueblo Indio del Ecuador4$S*/.7@$ TN:;%U@$PBKKVR@$Sarayaku4$El Pueblo del Cenit, Identidad y Construcción Étnica4$ TN:;%UW;X>%4$S*/.7@$$$ Y7'7H)/04$!@$PBKKBR@$80$,#&'5"$7+$-/&172*#Z$U/1$573?&0/#,$&0-$/0-/2#07*,$?#7?1#,$7+$."#$ >5*&-7'/&0$:3&M70@$Canadian Journal of Development Studies B[PQR\$C[[9CC[@$ %/']04$:@$PBKKQR@$Changing interactions between humans and nature in Sarayaku, Ecuadorian Amazon@$X75.7'&1$-/,,@$X#?.@$7+$F*'&1$X#H#17?3#0.$&0-$:2'7#57172(4$%ND@$:5.&$D0/H#',/.&./,$ &2'/5*1.*'&#$%*#5/&@$:2'&'/&$H71@$QQ^@$$ CA
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	&$2"+(1!(+3#)!0+<&(+.$(1+,#-()%($2"+$(+!23+<&$'3$2"+ &,-2+.1!(+,!9(+")2)#!($-29+1-,)3+.-&'3+%-0)+(-+,!99+.$(1+-&#+.!()#+9)((')0)2(4+D!()#+ $9+-&#+'!#")9(+!23+0-9(+,#)%$-&9+#)2).!<')+2!(&#!'+#)9-&#%)+!23+.)+%!2+2-.+'--=+/-#.!#3+ (-+1)',$2"+-	)';)9+0))(+(1)+/&(&#)+%1!'')2")94+D!()#+9)((')0)2(+.$''+)21!2%)+-&#+ )%-2-0:+!23+$0,#-;)+-&#+R&!'$(:+-/+'$/)4+@(+.$''+)29&#)+9&9(!$2!<')+"#-.(1+/-#+(1)+%&##)2(+ !23+/&(&#)+,)-,')+-/+-&#+A-00&2$(:4+ References L4E4+5O7+E)2!()+T)!#$2"94+IUOOV*+E),()0<)#+VOJ4 Arizona Water Settlements Act: Joint Hearing before the Subcommittee on Water and Power of the Committee on Energy And Natural Resources and the Committee on Indian Affairs4++L2$()3+E(!()9+E)2!()*+5O7(1+A-2"#)99*+59(+E)99$-2+ -2+E4+6VW4+D!91$2"(-2*+XAM++L4E4+>-;)#20)2(+Y#$2($2"+B//$%)+;$!+>YB+C%%)99+XBA@XM+ /MKO76O4.!$94++?)(#$);)3+-2+X)%)0<)#+V*+UOOZ+/#-0+ 1((,M[[/#.)<"!()4!%%)994",-4"-;[%"$<$2[")(3-%4%"$\3<2!0)]5O7^9)2!()^1)!#$2"9_3-%$3]/MKO76O 4.!$9 X)G-2"*+X4+IUOONJ4 History of the Gila River Water Settlements Act 2004 +IA1!,()#9++ 5`7J4+?)(#$);)3+-2+X)%)0<)#+5*+UOOZ+/#-0+1((,M[[...4"$'!#$;)#4%-0[9)((')0)2(41(0+ ?)!*+C4+I5KKWJ4++At the Desert's Green Edge: An ethnobotany of the Gila River Pima4+ a&%9-2M++L2$;)#9$(:+-/+C#$F-2!+Y#)994+ 8%A--'*+X4+I5KK6J4++Command of the waters: Iron triangles, Federal water development, and Indian Wwater4++a&%9-2M++L2$;)#9$(:+-/+C#$F-2!+Y#)994+ E1&#(9*+G4+IUOOOJ4++Indian Reserved Water Rights: The Winters Doctrine in its Social and Legal Context, 1880’s-1930’s. Legal History of North America (Vol 8).++S-#0!2M++L2$;)#9$(:+-/+ B='!1-0!+Y#)994+ WU+
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&11(6/1+)*#1-#/,(0(,2(#1%(+,#$.'1.,(#!"#,(;(01&!'+0%+)*#0('7;8(1(,6+)&1+-)#&)8#'&)8#,+*%109#!"#$%&''()*+)*#*,-./0#1-#/,-2(#1%(+,#/-0+1+-)03#-,#4(&5()0#1%(6#!"#!'-$5+)*#&11(6/10#1-#7-,6#&#.)+7+(8#*-2(,)6()19##:%(#-.1$-6(#4+''#"+('8#+6/-,1&)1#'(00-)0#7-,#-1%(,#+)8+*()-.0#/(-/'(# References <%.,$%+''3#=9#&)8#>())(#?9#@(80A9#@BCCDA9##Islands in captivity: The record of the International Tribunal on the Rights of Indigenous Hawaiians 9##<&6!,+8*(E#?-.1%#F)8#G,(009## H&'.&'&)+3#I9#:9#@BCCBA9##In the name of Hawaiians: Native identities and cultural politics ?$%(.(,3#L9#@BCCBA9##J+))(&/-'+0E#K)+2(,0+1"#-7#J+))(0-1&#G,(009# Water and Power in Hawai’i: The Waiahole Water Case and the Future of the Islands K9?9#<-66+00+-)#-)#<+2+'#I+*%103#H&4&++#N82+0-,"#<-66+11((#@K?<<IA9#@OPPOA9#9#K)/.!'+0%(8#8+00(,1&1+-)3#K)+2(,0+1"#-7#<&'+7-,)+&3#?&)1&#<,.M9##A broken trust: The Hawaiian Homelands Program: Seventy years of failure of the federal and state governments to protect the civil rights of Native Hawaiians K9?9#<-66+00+-)#-)#<+2+'#I+*%103#H&4&++#N82+0-,"#<-66+11((#@K?<<IA9#@BCCOA9##9## Reconciliation at a crossroads: The implications of the apology resolution and Rice v. Cayetano for federal and state programs benefiting Native Hawaiians OPPQ#&)8#?(/1(6!(,#BCCC#<-66.)+1"#R-,.60#+)#H-)-'.'.3#H&4&++9##9##N#0.66&,"#,(/-,1#-7#1%(#N.*.01#QB#
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References !"#"$"%&'()*)+,&!-./01)"&2&3)+4"5"&3"*)-#%&Nisga’a Final Agreement 67&8/4/+*&9::;<%& "=")."1.>&"*&,**?@AABBBC")#DE)#"DC4DCD"A?(A"4(A#+4"A#)+$>FG>C,*0.&H3-B&3)+4"5"&I)#".&84(>>0>#*& 8D*%&JC'C!C&9:::K& L-..-M%&NC&6OPPP<C&&The world is our witness: The historic journey of the Nisga’a into Canada !".4"(M@&I)Q*,&R-/+>C& S-+>%&8C&6OPPP<&Spirit dance at Meziadin: Chief Joseph Gosnell and the Nisga’a TreatyC&L"$>)("& T"(U@&R"(1-/(&T/1.)+,)#4C&& S"/#>*%&VC&69::W<C&Without surrender, without consent: A history of the Nisga’a land claims X"#D-/=>(@&V-/4."+&2&LDY#*M(>C& ;W&
The Tatars of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Ukraine) Artur Demchuk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`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The Bedouins (Israel and Jordan) Talia Berman-Kishony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
!"!#$%&'"()*'(*+",-%(.*/0'$1*&01*)'&#%&'"(*'(*2),%1$*')*("&*%(%$"3"#)*'(*'4!",&%(&*,1)!15&)6*71*0"!1*&0%&*&01*5"()1()#)89#'$-'(3*%!!,"%50*5#,,1(&$:*91'(3*!#,)#1-*7'&0*&01*01$!*";*&01*<"()1()#)*=#'$-'(3*2()&'&#&1*4%:*1(-*&01*3,"7'(3*5"(;,"(&%&'"(*91&711(*&01*3">1,(41(&*";*2),%1$*%(-*&01*=1-"#'(*!"!#$%&'"(*'(*&01*?131>.* References ='(*@#0%44%-*A.*The Tribes of Jordan at the beginning of the twenty-first century; Home and Homeland: The Dialogist of Tribal and National Identities in Jordan +%99#,*B.*CDEEFG.*H01*H,%();",4%&'"(*";*=1-"#'(*$';1.*2(*The Bedouin and the desert aspects of nomadic life in the Arab East @1',*I.*DEER.*N,'(51&"(J*N,'(51&"(*K('>1,)'&:*!,1)).**O%:(1*O.*CDEEPG.*Q"41*%(-*0"41$%(-J*H01*-'%$"3'5)*";*&,'9%$*%(-*(%&'"(%$*'-1(&'&'1)*'(*+",-%(6*.*I$9%(:J*B&%&1*K('>1,)'&:*";*?17*L",M*N,1)).* As nomadism ends.*="#$-1,6*<S6*KBIJ*/1)&>'17*N,1)).* T")1(8U>'*2.*CVWWPG.*The reemergence of space: the case of the Bedouin 6*Q%';%*K('>1,)'&:6*2),%1$.* EV*
The Tsou (Taiwan) Shunling Chen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`'-;!.,! 5&)1)8-!*)/07;!)/0!)##*'-0!&-1-,-!#-/)*4'-&!4.!4,)/&8,-&&.,&9
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References "#$%&'#()!*+%,#!-.//012!In the belly of the river: Tribal conflicts over development in the Narmada Valley2!345!67('8!9:;7(<!=>%$4(&%,?!@(4&&2! A7(&4)!"2!#><!BC7+#&!"2-.//D12!Sardar Sarovar: Report of the Independent Review2!9,,#5#8! E4&7F(G4&!HF,F(4&!I>,4(>#,%7>#J2! H%&C4()!K%JJ%#+!H2!-4<21!-.//012!Toward sustainable development? Struggling Over India’s Narmada River2!*(+7>'8!3262)!A2L2!MC#(N42! E7?)!*2!-.///12!The cost of living2!345!67('8!A7<4(>!O%P(#(?2! E#Q#R7N#J)!"2!-DSST12!Limits of law in counter-hegemonic globalization: The Indian Supreme Court and the Narmada Valley struggle2!U4>,4(!;7(!,C4!M,F<?!7;!O#5!#><!V7$4(>#>G4)!W#5#C#(J#J! 34C(F!=>%$4(&%,?)!345!X4CJ%2! .S.
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""#! Notes Introduction What is Indigenity? "$!%&&'()*+,!-'!-./!"00#!1'2345-*'+!6/+737!5+)!-./!15+!%8/(*&5+!9/54-.!:(,5+*;5-*'+! <.--2=>>???$25.'$'(,>/+,4*7.>@9%>2(A4/&3$.-8B$! C!$D'+;54/;E!9$!<"0FGB$!1('2*/)5)!&'83+*-5(*5!'!*+)*H*)354$!I57!4/J/7!*+)*,/+57!J!/4!23/K4'!L523&./$! NutramE!M/5(!NNE!O$P$! O$!General Information on the Amerindian Population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ative Hawaiian Reorganization Act, hearing before the Committee on Indian Affairs$! 0$!:AA*&/!'A!95?5**5+!%AA5*(7!<:9%B$!<C##GB$!I57-!5&&/77/)!Z/K(35(JE!FE!C##P!5-!.--2=>>???$'.5$'(, "#$!@2//&.!KJ!6.*/A!['7/2.!D'7+/44!-'!-./!\(*-*7.!6'438K*5!I/,*745-3(/E!C!]/&/8K/(!"00FE!U3'-/)!*+! ^'7/E!%$!<_)$B$!<C###B$!Spirit dance at Meziadin: Chief Joseph Gosnell and the Nisga’a Treaty$!L5)/*(5! 15(W=!95(K'3(!13K4*7.*+,$! ""$!V.*7!45+)!.57!K//+!5&U3*(/)!-.('3,.!-./!T*7,5`5!V(/5-J!'A!C###$!! "C$!V.*7!5(/5!(/2(/7/+-7!?.5-!*7!&544/)!-./!N+)*,/+'37!^/7/(H/)!I5+)$! "O$!V./!Treaty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a$@$!<"00CB$!People of India: An IntroductionE!:XA'()!R+*H/(7*-J!1(/77E!R@%$!! V.'3,.!-./!+38K/(!'A!-./!%)*H57*7!?57!/7-*85-/)!-'!K/!FQ$O!8*44*'+!2/'24/!<GOS!&'883+*-*/7B!57!5!?.'4/E! +'-!544!'A!-./8!?/(/!*+H'4H/)!*+!)*723-/7!'H/(!-./!@@1$!!V./!/7-*85-/!'A!2('b/&-!5AA/&-/)!2/'24/!H5(*/7! 7*,+*A*&5+-4J!)/2/+)*+,!'+!?.'!&54&345-/!*-$!!%&&'()*+,!-'!-./!*+)/2/+)/+-!(/H*/?!KJ!L'(7/!c!\/(,/(E! /7-*85-/)!+38K/(!'A!2/'24/!5AA/&-/)!KJ!-./!@@1!*7!"00ES##!'A!?.*&.!SGd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e\37.8/+`!5+)!]'3K4/!f*7*'+=!-./!gh+/U!g!a.'85+*!@5+!I5+)!645*8!5+)! -./!634-3(54!1'4*-*&7!'A!e6'883+*-J`!5+)!e]/H/4'28/+-`!*+!-./!a545.5(*$!Journal of Southern African StudiesE!(27)!QE!FOOYSO$! "P$!V.*7!5(/5!?57!5?5()/)!KJ!-./!@'3-.!%A(*&5+!I5+)!645*87!6'3(-!*+!5!(34*+,!*+!C##Q$!! "F$!@&.''(4E![$!<"00OB$!Culture and change among the Muyu.!V(5+745-/)!KJ!D![!H5+!_X/4$!W*-4H!V(5+745-*'+7! @/(*/7!CO$!I*/)/+=!a*-4H!1(/77$!V./!M'+,,'8!5(/!5!73KY,('32!'A!-./!L3J3$!Z*,3(/7!A('8!15235!?/K!
""" #$%&'#($%!)*+,-*+,!(&,%+%-$,-./!-0*-!-0$!1&,22&)!*#$!*#&',3!45666!7$&7.$8!90$!)&%-!#$($,-!,'):$#%!*#$! *;*+.*:.$!*-!0--7<==>>>87*7'*>$:8=:+:=0*/%=.&(=1?@AB?C873D "E8!F$$!F+%%&,%5!G8!H466IJ8!K+#%-!7$&7.$%<!L,3+2$,&'%!M'.-'#$%!*,3!-0$+#!K'-'#$%5!M0*7-$#!N5!O&,3&,<! P$*Q-+&,!R&&Q%8! Section 1 Indigenity and the land: The vital link 468!L,-$#;+$>%!(&,3'(-$3!:/!L%*:$..$!S,2'$.&;%Q+!+,!T$#'!*,3!R&.+;+*5!C*/UG',$5!466"8!F$$!*.%&! F-$;$,%&,!C8!H466"J8!Gender and modernity in Andean Bolivia8!S'%-+,<!V,+;$#%+-/!&D!9$W*%!T#$%%8! 4"8!S,-0#&7&.&2+%-%!3+%*2#$$!&;$#!0&>!.&,2!-0$!@+%2*X*!0*;$!:$$,!+,!@&#-0!S)$#+(*8!Y&>$;$#5!$;$#/&,$! *2#$$%!-0*-!-0$/!>$#$!+,!-0$!@*%!#+;$#!;*..$/!.&,2!:$D&#$!-0$!Z'#&7$*,%8!P&%$5!S8!H4666J8!Spirit dance at Meziadin: Chief Joseph Gosnell and the Nisga’a Treaty8!C*3$+#*!T*#Q<!Y*#:&'#!T':.+%0+,28![\U[]! 448!P&%$5!S8!H4666J8!Spirit dance at Meziadin: Chief Joseph Gosnell and the Nisga’a Treaty8!C*3$+#*!T*#Q<! Y*#:&'#!T':.+%0+,28!["8[[8! 4N8!R*;+%Q*#5!S)+-*!H"EEI). In the Belly of the River: Tribal Conflicts over Development in the Narmada Valley5!VFS5!?WD!V,+;$#%+-/!T#$%%8!""IU""]8! 4[8!9#*%Q5!YUB8!!H"EE4J8!Y*>*++*,%!*,3!0')*,!#+20-%<!S,!',D'.D+..$3!7#&)+%$!&D!+,-$#,*-+&,*.!.*>8!M8!^*#3! *,3!F8!_$,,$!H$3%8J8!H466[J8!Islands in Captivity: The Record of the International Tribunal on the Rights of Indigenous Hawaiians8!!M*):#+32$<!F&'-0!Z,3!T#$%%8!4E"UN6"8! 4I8!VF!M&))+%%+&,!&,!M+;+.!P+20-%5!Y*>*++!S3;+%&#/!M&))+--$$!HVFMMPJ8!H466"J8!Reconciliation at a crossroads: The implications of the apology resolution and Rice v. Cayetano for Federal and State programs benefiting Native Hawaiians. A summary report of the August 1998 and September 2000 Community Forums in Honolulu, Hawaii8!!F$$!0--7<==>>>8'%((#82&;=7':%=%*(=0+6\6"=7#$D80-) O+Q$Q$!F(0$'$#5!G8!H4664J8!!Water and power in Hawaii: The Waiahole water case and the future of the islands8!!V,7':.+%0$3!3&(-&#*.!3+%%$#-*-+&,5!V,+;$#%+-/!&D!M*.+D&#,+*5!F*,-*!M#'`8! 4\8!9#*%Q5!C8!H"EENJ8!!90$!7&.+-+(%!&D!&77#$%%+&,<!90$!V,+-$3!F-*-$%!+,!Y*>*++8!L,!M8!^*#3!*,3!F8!_$,,$! HZ3%8J8!H466[J8! Islands in Captivity: The Record of the International Tribunal on the Rights of Indigenous Hawaiians8!!M*):#+32$<!F&'-0!Z,3!T#$%%8!"E"U46N8! ^*..*($5!B8!!H466\J8!T$#%&,*.!(&))',+(*-+&,%8!!Y&,&.'.'!*,3!^*+.'Q'5!Y*>*++8!!G*,'*#/!"6!a!4\8!!! 4]8!9#*%Q5!C8!H"EENJ8!!90$!7&.+-+(%!&D!&77#$%%+&,<!90$!V,+-$3!F-*-$%!+,!Y*>*++8!M8!^*#3!*,3!F8!_$,,$! H$3%8J8!H466[J8! Islands in Captivity: The Record of the International Tribunal on the Rights of Indigenous Hawaiians8!!M*):#+32$<!F&'-0!Z,3!T#$%%8!4]]U4E68! ^*..*($5!B*-0$#+,$8!!466\8!!T$#%&,*.!(&))',+(*-+&,%8!!Y&,&.'.'!*,3!^*+.'Q'5!Y*>*++8!!G*,'*#/!"6!a!4\8!!! 4b8!O+Q$Q$!F(0$'$#5!G8!H4664J8!!Water and power in Hawaii: The Waiahole water case and the future of the islands8!!V,7':.+%0$3!3&(-&#*.!3+%%$#-*-+&,5!V,+;$#%+-/!&D!M*.+D&#,+*5!F*,-*!M#'`8!! 4E8!?#$..*,*!C8!H466[J8!L,3+2$,&'%!7$&7.$%5!$,$#2/5!*,3!$,;+#&,)$,-*.!c'%-+($<!90$!T*,2'$=P*.(&! 0/3#&$.$(-#+(!7#&c$(-!+,!M0+.$X%!S.-&!Rd&Rd&8!^&#Q+,2!T*7$#8!S;*+.*:.$!*-! 0--7<==>>>8(+$.8=T':.+(*-+&,%=P*.(&eR#+$De44G'.6[873D N68!0/0!F*>/$#,!F8!H466[J8!Crude chronicles8!f'#0*)<!f'Q$!V,+;$#%+-/!T#$%%8!bN8! N"8!L,D&#)*-+&,!&:-*+,$3!3'#+,2!*,!+,-$#;+$>!:$->$$,!L%*:$..$!S,2'$.&;%Q+!*,3!L,g%!F0+2'*,2&!+,!C*#(0! 466\8! N48!F$$!Y*%-+,2%!f8!*,3!^+.%&,!98!H"EEEJ8!Borders: Frontiers of identity, nation and State8!@$>!1&#Q<! ?WD!L,-$#,*-+&,*.!T':.+%0$#%8!"E8!!! F$$!F+#g,!S8!H466[J8!Changing Interactions between Human and Nature in Sarayaku5!Z('*3&#+*,!S)*`&,8! V,7':.+%0$3!f&(-&#*.!f+%%$#-*-+&,!5!F>$3+%0!V,+;$#%+-/!&D!S2#+('.-'#*.!F(+$,($%8! N[8!KOSMF?8!H466IJ8!F*#*/*Q'5!Z.!7'$:.&!3$.!($,+-5!+3$,-+3*3!/!(&,%-#'((+h,!g-,+(*8!KOSMF?=MfZF<! i'+-&8!!! NI8!C*#.&,!F*,-+5!-0$!D&#)$#!T#$%+3$,-!&D!F*#*/*Q'!%'))*#+`$%!>$..!-0+%!(&%)&.&2/<!j!^0$,!-0$/!$W-#*(-! &+.5!+-X%!.+Q$!-&,%!&D!:.&&3<!S,3!>0*-!0*77$,%!-&!-0$!$*#-0k!L-X%!.+Q$!*!0')*,!:$+,25!>0$,!/&'!%-*#-!-*Q+,2! :.&&3!D#&)!*!0')*,5!0$!%-*#-%!-&!3$(.+,$!*,3!-0$#$!+%!,&!-$(0,&.&2/!-&!0$.7!0+)!#$(&;$#8l!M+-$3!:/! KOSMF?8!H466IJ8!F*#*/*Q'5!Z.!7'$:.&!3$.!($,+-5!+3$,-+3*3!/!(&,%-#'((+h,!g-,+(*8!KOSMF?=MfZF<!i'+-&8! ]E! N\8!L,D&#)*-+&,!&:-*+,$3!3'#+,2!*,!+,-$#;+$>!:$->$$,!L%*:$..$!S,2'$.&;%Q+!*,3!L,g%!F0+2'*,2&!+,!C*#(0! 466\8!
Sarayaku>!El pueblo del cenit, identidad y construcción étnica&!DEFGHINGOPHQ!R90/,&!!! H,9/()+1!G(05)&!Human Rights Watch, (16)!L&!F43053:5)!3/Q!! (//*QNN@@@&(+@&,+2N+)*,+/-N#KKcN.(05)"KKcN.(05)"KKc&*67 cc&D,+!31,/()+!*)+-*)./04)!,1!U9]7)12>!-))!g(312!_]7&!
$S&!T19/-,1!U,,6-!'&>!V5301)!T&>!W!D+31.0-.,!E&!J#KK#M&!IX,6(3;!Y0;632!3-!3!-,9+.)!,7!-/+)12/(!316! @)551)--!3;,12!/()!',(,1,!IX,6(3;!,7!H,9/()+1!F+0?,13!316!Z,+/()+1!H,1,+3>![)\0.,!Q!H=;*,-09;!,1! Z3/04)!F;)+0.31!@)551)--& Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 29!J"M>!$L]L$&! Section 2 Defining borders between indigenous peoples and dominant cultures $^&!Y3-/012-!O&!316!U05-,1!'&!J"^^^M&!Borders: Frontiers of identity, nation and State&!Z)@!_,+`Q!I\7,+6! a1/)+13/0,135!b9:50-()+-&!G(3*/)+!#&!! cK&!!H3@=)+,!H&!J#KKcM&!Crude chronicles&!O9+(3;Q!O9`)!d104)+-0/=!b+)--&!"Ke]"K%&! c"&!G,()1!F&!J"^eLM&!Arab border-villages in Israel; A study of continuity and change in social organization&![31.()-/)+Q![31.()-/)+!d104)+-0/=!b+)--&! c#&!Y9;31!f02(/-!U3/.(&!J#KKcM&!d169)!*+,.)--Q!')++,+0-;!/+035->!;050/3+=!.,9+/->!316!/()![3*9.()!01! H,9/()+1!G(05)&!Human Rights Watch, (16)!L&!F43053:5)!3/Q!! (//*QNN@@@&(+@&,+2N+)*,+/-N#KKcN.(05)"KKcN.(05)"KKc&*67 c$&!Y9;31!f02(/-!U3/.(&!J#KKcM&!d169)!*+,.)--Q!')++,+0-;!/+035->!;050/3+=!.,9+/->!316!/()![3*9.()!01!
The evaluation of Wu-feng: a Historical perspective!JWu-feng de Li-shi Di-wei)>!J01!G(01)-)M&!"S>!343053:5)!3/! (//*QNN@@@&10./&2,4&/@N/.N5)3+1012N:h$&*(*&!g(312!-/+,125=!3+29)-!/(3/!U9]7)12!.311,/!(34)!:))1! ).,1,;0.355=!)\*5,0/)6!'-,9!*),*5)!3-!0/!(3-!1)4)+!:))1!6,.9;)1/)6!01!31=!(0-/,+0.35!;3/)+035&!Y,@)4)+>!0/! 0-!<9)-/0,13:5)!@()/()+!/(0-!0-!3!.,1401.012!+)3-,1!3-!355!/()!(0-/,+0.35!6,.9;)1/-!@)+)!@+0//)1!:=!/()! G(01)-)!,+!/()!B3*31)-)!@(,-)!-/3`)!;3=!:)!3/!,66-!@0/(!'-,9!*),*5)>!316!@(,!;02(/!(34)!/()0+!,@1! *,50/0.35!32)163!@()1!6,.9;)1/012!/()!U9]7)12!-/,+=&! cL&!F..,+6012!/,!/()!H/3/)!,7![301)>!A/()![301)!D+))6,;!,7!F..)--!F./!JADIFFCM!2+31/-!/()!*),*5)!,7! /(0-!-/3/)!3!:+,36!+02(/!,7!3..)--!/,!*9:50.!+).,+6-!@(05)!*+,/)./012!5)20/0;3/)!2,4)+1;)1/35!01/)+)-/-!316! /()!*+043.=!+02(/-!,7!0160406935!.0/0?)1-&!!'()!3./!35-,!)1-9+)-!/()!3..,91/3:050/=!,7!/()!2,4)+1;)1/!/,!/()! .0/0?)1-!,7!/()!-/3/)!:=!+)<90+012!*9:50.!3..)--!/,!/()!;))/012-!,7!*9:50.!:,60)-&C!H))! (//*QNNi319-&-/3/)&;)&9-N5)20-N-/3/9/)-N"N/0/5)".("$-).K&(/;5&!!! ce&!a/!0-!0;*,+/31/!/,!1,/)!/(3/!/()!F+,,-/,,`!V316!,7![0.;3.-!@3-!1,/!3!*3+/=!/,!/()!-90/!/(3/!5)6!/,!/()! -)//5);)1/&!!_)/!/()=!@)+)!377)./)6!:=!/()!+)-95/&!F1=!.530;-!/()=!;02(/!:+012!,1!/()0+!,@1!:)(357!73.)6!/()! .(355)12)!/(3/!-9.(!.530;-!@)+)!,9/53@)6&!!F-!0/!(3-!/9+1)6!,9/>!/()![0.;3.-!2301)6!7)6)+35!+).,210/0,1!01! "^^">!7+))!,7!/()!.,;*+,;0-012!5312932)!/(3/!*5329)-!/()!"^SK!H)//5);)1/!F./&!!'()!dH!G,12+)--!*3--)6! /()!F+,,-/,,`!V316!,7![0.;3.-!H)//5);)1/!F./!JbE!"K#]"%"M>!2+31/012!/()!V316!j^KK>KKK!.,;*)1-3/0,1! 7,+!5,-/!5316-!316!L>KKK!3.+)-!316!.5)3+5=!6)701)6!/()!+)53/0,1-(0*!:)/@))1!/()!V316!316!/()!-/3/)!,7![301)&!!
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a/!*+,406)6!/()!-/3/9-!,7!3!7955=!+).,210?)6!-,4)+)021!2+,9*!/,!/()![0.;3.-!01![301)&!H))!V+0;5)=!H&! J#KKLM&!Z3/04)!F;)+0.31!-,4)+)021/=!01![301)&! The Maine Policy Review, 13 J#M>!"#]#e&! J(//*QNN@@@&9;301)&)69N;.-.N[bfNk,5"$Z,#N:+0;5)=N:+0;5)=&(/;M&!'()+)7,+)>!0+,10.355=>!0/!;3=!:)!/(3/! /()![0.;3.->!@(,!(36!1,!-)3/!3/!/()!/3:5)!7,+!/()!(0-/,+0.!5316!.530;>!@055!*+,406)!3!;,6)5!7,+!+)6)701012! /+0:35]-/3/)!+)53/0,1-&!! Section 3 Sustaining traditional ways of life c%&!F129)5,4-`0!#KK#&! cS&!'()-)!.,1.59-0,1-!3+)!:3-)6!,1!70)56!@,+`!:=!a-3:)55)!F129)5,4-`0!3;,12!01602)1,9-!.,;;910/0)-!01! /()!F16)-!316!/()!F;3?,1!316!-9;;3+0?)6!01!3!+)*,+/!/,!I\73;!F;)+0.3Q!F129)5,4-`0>!a&!J#KK#M&!Gender Relations in the Andes of Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador.
""# $%&!'()*+,!-&!."%%/0&!Social monitoring at the Ok Tedi project. Summary report to mid-1993&!12345! 678+)*!9+&!:&!#&;!-<=>?+,!6&!.@AA#0&!Muddying the waters of the Fly: Underlying issues or stereotypes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ichtersveld Cmty. v. Alexkor Ltd.!.@AA#0&!.Z0!'J[6!/\#!.M7)7D,<G*7)! Richtersveld II0I!8<)<&!""A&! /@&!PM7!=+()*!K<?7O!*MD?!GD,OD,B!+,!7RDO7,=7!*M<*!*M7!J+CC(,D*S!M<O!N7<?7O!CD,7)<N!8)+?87=*D,B!)DBM*?!<*! R<)D+(?!*DC7?!K7*V77,!<K+(*!"\/A!<,O!"%"AI!<,O!*M<*!*M7!J+CC(,D*S!K7ND7R7O!*M<*!D*!+V,7O!*M7!CD,7)<N?! <,O!K7M<R7O!<==+)OD,BNS&!!Richtersveld III!8<)<&!\:&!!PM7!B+R7),C7,*!=+(NO!M<R7!*<>7,!*M7!J+CC(,D*SX?! N<,O?!G+)!CD,7)<N!O7R7N+8C7,*I!K(*!D*!V+(NO!M<R7!K77,!)7](D)7O!*+!8<S!=+C87,?<*D+,&!!! /#&!Richtersveld Community Land Claim!')7<>*M)+(BMI!5)7??!67N7<?7!G)+C!3+(*M!EG)D=<X?!^78<)*C7,*!+G! 5(KND=!_,*7)8)D?7?I!1=*+K7)!@ZI!@AAZ&!!ER<DN<KN7!<*! M**8LTTVVV&D,G+&B+R&Y<T?877=M7?T@AAZTAZ"A@:"A"/"AA"&M*C /$&!^7!-+,BI!^&I!`DN<!6DR7)!a,OD<,!J+CC(,D*S!b5DC<F4<)D=+8<!a))DB<*D+,!5)+c7=*I!5(KND=!a,G+)C<*D+,! 4<,<B7)I!History of the Gila River Water Settlements Act 2004.!JM<8*7)!\&!! //&!2+)!7W<C8N7I!*M7!)7R7,(7!+G!P<,<SD>(!5<)>!V<?!"\I/::IA@/!9P^!./\AI/#@!Q3^!D,!@AA"I!<*!*M7!)<*7!+G! "!Q3^!d!#@!9P^0I!#"I@:#I:%Z!9P^!.%::I#AZ!Q3^0!D,!@AA@I!<,O!@AI$:ZIA@#!.Z#%I\:/0!D,!@AA#&!PM7)7! C<S!<N?+!K7!G(,OD,B!G)+C!*M7!`+R7),C7,*!G+)!R<)D+(?!8)+c7=*?I!VMD=M!<OO?!(8!*+!*M7!B)+??!D,=+C7!+G!*M7! 3<RD>D!=+CC(,D*S&!2+)!7W<C8N7I!B+R7),C7,*<N!G(,OD,B!D,!@AA"!V<?!$I%$#IZ/@!9P^!."/$I$%A!Q3^0I! "IA$%IAAA!9P^!.#@:\"!Q3^0!D,!@AA@I!<,O!Z#:I@ZA!9P^!."%I%"$!Q3^0&!377 '<,BF>(7,![&!.@AA/0&! Tourism Cultural Economy and Constructing Place of Aboriginal region: A Case Study of Saviki Community Tsou (Yuan-zhu-min-zu Di-qu Guan-guang Wen-hua Jin-ji yuDi-fang Jian-gou zhi Yien-Jiou: Zou-zu Shan-Mei She-qu zhi Ge-an0&!Q,8(KND?M7O!O+=*+)<N!OD??7)*<*D+,I!9<*D+,<N!P<DV<,!Q,DR7)?D*SI! ^78<)*C7,*!+G!`7+B)<8MSI!"/#F/$&!ER<DN<KN7!<*! M**8LTTVVV&B7+B&,*(&7O(&*VT)7?7<)=MT8<87)@AA/T^\%@@\AA$TD,O7W&M*C! /Z&!3<VS7),!3&!.@AA$0&!Crude chronicles&!^()M<CL!^(>7!Q,DR7)?D*S!5)7??&!"@:&! Section 4 Using national and international strategies /:&![(*Y!_&!.@AA/0&!'DND,B(<N!7O(=<*D+,!+,!*M7!<D)I!Cultural Survival QuarterlyI!29!.@0&! /\&!!END!3&!.@AA#0&!4D,D,BI!*M7!_,RD)+,C7,*I!<,O!a,ODB7,+(?!^7R7N+8C7,*!J+,GND=*?&!P(=?+,L!Q,DR7)?D*S!+G! E)DY+,<!5)7??&! /%&!377!eD)?=MI!3&!."%%Z0&!E=*D,B!BN+K<NNSL!_=+F8+ND*D=?!D,!5<8(<!97V!`(D,7<I!University of Michigan Journal of the International Institute, 3!.#0I!"$F@/&!ER<DN<KN7!<*! M**8LTTVVV&(CD=M&7O(TfDD,7*Tc+(),<NTR+N#,+#T>D)?=M&M*CN ZA&!eD)?=MI!3&!."%%Z0&!E=*D,B!BN+K<NNSL!_=+F8+ND*D=?!D,!5<8(<!97V!`(D,7<I!University of Michigan Journal of the International Institute, 3!.#0&!ER<DN<KN7!<*!M**8LTTVVV&(CD=M&7O(TfDD,7*Tc+(),<NTR+N#,+#T>D)?=M&M*CN Z"&!')S<,I!-&!.@AA"0&!By Reason or by Force: Territory, State power and Mapuche land rights in southern Chile. Q,8(KND?M7O!4<?*7)?!PM7?D?I!Q,DR7)?D*S!+G!J<NDG+),D<I!'7)>7N7S&!!! E==+)OD,B!*+!')S<,I!*M7!O7C<,O?!D,=N(O7O!*M7!)7=+B,D*D+,!D,!*M7!J+,?*D*(*D+,!+G!*M7!4<8(=M7!<,O!+*M7)! D,ODB7,+(?!B)+(8?!<?!g87+8N7?h!.*M(?!)7=+B,DYD,B!*M7D)!=N<DC!*+!*7))D*+)D<N!<,O!7=+,+CD=!<(*+,+CSI!D,! <==+)O<,=7!VD*M!D,*7),<*D+,<N!N<V0I!*M7!)<*DGD=<*D+,!+G!*M7!a[1!J+,R7,*D+,!"Z%I!<,O!N7BD?N<*D+,!+,!*M7! 8)+*7=*D+,!<,O!)7=(87)<*D+,!+G!=N<DC7O!N<,O?&!! Z@&!377!1WG<C!EC7)D=<X?!V7K?D*7!<R<DN<KN7!<*L!! VVV&+WG<C<C7)D=<&+)BT,7V?<,O8(KND=<*D+,?T,7V?U(8O<*7?T<)=MDR7@AA@T<)*#\"@&M*CNTi?7<)=M*7)CdJ1aJ E Z#&!377!EC7)D,OD<,!57+8N7X?!E??+=D<*D+,Ih!<R<DN<KN7!<*!M**8LTTVVV&?O,8&+)B&BST<8<
Economic
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Q,(.1;/3%!M3!O%R%!S*3:(0>!O%!),3/<!E(8.%I%!Contemporary indigenous movements in Latin America%! T;74;3:1/3J!U*:,*0!C0(..%! $$%!V05*3>!U%!EFGG"I%!By Reason or by Force: Territory, State power and Mapuche land rights in southern Chile. W3+,97;.'(8!)*.1(0.!&'(.;.>!W3;?(0.;15!/2!P*7;2/03;*>!V(0B(7(5%!!! $X%!P*78(0!?%!Y11/03(5!Z(3(0*7!/2!V0;1;.'!P/7,49;*>!E"[XHI>!=%P%A%!H"H%!! $\%!&'(!/;7!-/4+*35!V,07;3:1/3!A(./,0-(.!/2!&(]*.!'*.!*!@G!+(0-(31!6/0B;3:!;31(0(.1!;3!1'(!97/-B%!=((! Y4*</3!T*1-'!'11+JKK666%*4*</36*1-'%/0:K*4*</3KOPK9,07;3:K;38(]%+'+L+*:(^3,49(0NH%! $[%!M31(0_Y4(0;-*3!P/44;..;/3!/3!`,4*3!A;:'1.%!EFGG#>!a-1/9(0!"HI%!Report #64/04 Petition 167/03, Admissibility, The Kichwa Peoples of the Sarayaku Community and Its Members%!Y?*;7*97(!*1! '11+JKK666%-;8'%/0:K*33,*70(+KFGG#(3:KO-,*8/0%"$X%GH(3:%'14!M3!1'(;0!+(1;1;/3!*:*;3.1!1'(!=1*1(>!b&'(! +(1;1;/3(0.!*77(:(!1'*1!1'(!=1*1(!;.!0(.+/3.;97(!2/0!*!.(0;(.!/2!*-1.!*38!/4;..;/3.!'*04;3:!1'(!c;-'6*! +(/+7(.!/2!=*0*5*B,!9(-*,.(!;1!'*.!*77/6(8!*3!/;7!-/4+*35!1/!-*005!/,1!*-1;?;1;(.!/3!1'(!*3-(.10*7!7*38.!/2!
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""# $%&!'()*+,(-.!/&!0"11#2&!In the belly of the river: Tribal conflicts over development in the Narmada Valley&! 345!67-,8!9:;7-<!=>*)4-+*?@!A-4++&! $$&!A(?5(-<B(>.!/&!0CDDD2&!Dams and Tribal People in India&!E7>?-*FG?*>H!I(I4-!?7!JB4K(?*L!M4)*45!"&C8! N(K+.!O><*H4>7G+!A47IP4!(><!)GP>4-(FP4!4?B>*L!K*>7-*?*4+.!I-4I(-4<!(+!(>!*>IG?!?7!?B4!Q7-P<!E7KK*++*7>! 7>!N(K+.!E(I4!J75>.!()(*P(FP4!(?8!B??I8RR555&<(K+&7-HR<7L+R,F(+4RL7>?-*FR+7LCD$&I<;!0P(+?!(LL4++4<! S4F-G(-@.!T.!CDD$2&! $T&!U7-+4.!'&!(><!JB7K(+!'&!0"11C2&!Sardar Sarovar: Report of the Independent Review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`2&!Report #64/04 Petition 167/03, Admissibility, The Kichwa Peoples of the Sarayaku Community and Its Members&!/)(*P(FP4!(?! B??I8RR555&L*<B&7-HR(>>G(P-4IRCDDZ4>HR\LG(<7-&"%$&D`4>H&B?K T"&!aJB4!7*P!L7>L4++*7>!*+!(![?(?4!<4L*+*7>!H7)4->4<!F@!?B4!L7>+?*?G?*7>(P!I-*>L*IP4!7;!IGFP*L!<7K(*>!7)4-! >(?G-(P!-4+7G-L4+!7;!?B4!+GF+7*P.!(><!?B(?!?B4!L7>?-(L?!P4H(PP@!4>?4-4<!*>?7!5*?B!?B4!EWE!L7>+?*?G?4+!(>!(L?! <7L?-*>(PP@!,>75>!(+!(>!(L?!7;!(<K*>*+?-(?*)4!L7>L4++*7>b&!0c2![B7GP<!(>!(L?!7;!?B*+!>(?G-4!L(G+4!7-! I7?4>?*(PP@!L(G+4!B(-K!?7!(!I-*)(?4!*><*)*<G(P.!+GLB!(+.!;7-!4:(KIP4.!4>)*-7>K4>?(P!B(-K.!\LG(<7-*(>! P4H*+P(?*7>!I-7)*<4+!;7-!(>7?B4-!?@I4!7;!P4H(P!(L?*7>!?B(?!*+!(<4]G(?4!(><!4;;4L?*)4!(+!-4]G*-4<!F@!?B4!O>?4-^ /K4-*L(>!E7G-?b&!/>!(L?!7;!(<K*>*+?-(?*)4!L7>L4++*7>!*+!(>!(L?!?B-7GHB!5B*LB!?B4![?(?4!(G?B7-*d4+!I-*)(?4! I(-?*4+!?7!L(--@!7G?!L4-?(*>!(L?*)*?*4+!?B(?.!*>!I-*>L*IP4.!(-4!G><4-!*?+!IG-)*45&![44!O>?4-^/K4-*L(>! E7KK*++*7>!7>!_GK(>!M*HB?+&!0CDDZ.!9L?7F4-!"`2&!Report #64/04 Petition 167/03, Admissibility, The Kichwa Peoples of the Sarayaku Community and Its Members&! B??I8RR555&L*<B&7-HR(>>G(P-4IRCDDZ4>HR\LG(<7-&"%$&D`4>H&B?K TC&!JB4!O>?4-!/K4-*L(>!E7KK*++*7>!7>!_GK(>!M*HB?+!(><!?B4!O>?4-!/K4-*L(>!E7G-?!;7-!_GK(>!M*HB?+!(-4! F7<*4+!7;!?B4!9-H(>*d(?*7>!7;!/K4-*L(>![?(?4+&![44!/K>4+?@!O>?4->(?*7>(P!0CDD%2.!Business and Human Rights – Ecuador, Oil Rights or Human Rights&!/P+7.!(+!+77>!(+!B4!H7?!4P4L?4<!*>!37)4KF4-!CDDC.! A-4+*<4>?!WG?*4--4d!(>>7G>L4<!?B(?!?B4!7*P!4:?-(L?*7>!*>!?B4!'P7L,!C`!5*PP!F4!L(--*4<!7G?!*><4;*>*?4P@!(><!?B4! K*P*?(-@!+4>?.!*;!>4L4++(-@&! T`&!JB4!4:I-4++*7>!aP4H(P!(KF*HG*?@b!*+!G+4<!F@!MG++4PP!'(-+B!*>!?B4!=[!L(+4!*>!5B*LB!?B4!a(G?7>7K7G+! (G?B7-*?@!7;!O><*(>!?-*F4+!*+!-4L7H>*d4<!F@!E7>H-4++!(><!?B4!L7G-?+.!FG?!?B4-4!(-4!>7!LP4(-!F7G><(-*4+! F4?544>!?B4!L7KI4?4>L4+!7;!S4<4-(P.![?(?4.!(><!O><*(>!*>+?*?G?*7>+&b!'(-+B.!M&!0"11$.!eG>42&!Effective negotiation by indigenous peoples&!O>?4->(?*7>(P!f(F7-!9-H(>*d(?*7>.!I(-?!O.!T&!! TZ&![44!B??I8RR555&+(-(@(,G&L7KR7*PR>45+D%""C1&B?KPg4>H T#&!'(-+B.!M&!0"11$.!eG>42&!Effective negotiation by indigenous peoples.!W4>4)(8!O>?4->(?*7>(P!f(F7-! 9-H(>*d(?*7>&!T&! T%&!B??I8RR555&>dB*+?7-@&>4?&>dRI7P*?*L+R?-4(?@R?B4^?-4(?@^*>^F-*4; T$&!B??I8RR?-4(?@7;5(*?(>H*&H7)?&>dR+?7-@R+B7-?+?7-@&IBI TT&!B??I8RR?-4(?@7;5(*?(>H*&H7)?&>dR+?7-@R?-4(?@<4F(?4<&IBI T1!B??I8RR?-4(?@7;5(*?(>H*&H7)?&>dRL(+4+?G<*4+R>H(*?(BG&IBI 1D&!9X[GPP*)(>.!N&. The Politics of Indigeneity and Contemporary Challenges to Maori Self-Determination.! M4;4-44<!I(I4-!I-4+4>?4<!?7!?B4!/G+?-(P(+*(>!A7P*?*L(P![?G<*4+!/++7L*(?*7>!E7>;4-4>L4!=>*)4-+*?@!7;! /<4P(*<4!C1![4I?4KF4-!^!"!9L?7F4-!CDDZ.!I&#^%&!O>!eG>4!CDD`.!*>!Ngati Apa v. Attorney General.!?B4!E7G-?! 7;!/II4(P!5(+!(+,4<!?B4!;7PP75*>H!]G4+?*7>8!aN74+!?B4!U(7-*!f(><!E7G-?!B()4!hG-*+<*L?*7>!?7!L7>+*<4-!?*?P4! ?7!?B4!;7-4+B7-4!(><!+4(F4<i&b!JB4!L7G-?X+!(>+54-4<!j@4+X.!FG?!5*?B!?B4!L(G?*7>!?B(?!?B4!?4+?!;7-!+GLB! L7>+*<4-(?*7>!-4+GP?*>H!*>!;44!+*KIP4!?*?P4!5(+!B*HB!(><!P*,4P@!?7!F4!H-(>?4<!7>P@!-(-4P@&!S7PP75*>H!?B*+! <4L*+*7>.!(!I7P*?*L(P!4:(HH4-(?*7>!(F7G?!?B4!*KIP*L(?*7>+!7;!?B4!L7G-?X+!<4L*+*7>!P4<!U(7-*!?7!(<7I?!(! <4;4>+*)4!(??*?G<4&!JB4!H7)4->K4>?X+!(LL4I?(>L4!7;!?B(?!4:(HH4-(?*7>!*+!*><*L(?*)4!7;!(!I-4)(*P*>H!I7P*?*L(P! LP*K(?4!7;!<*+?-G+?+!?7!U(7-*!(+I*-(?*7>!?7!4:I-4++!*?+!75>!*<4>?*?@&!! 1"&!9X[GPP*)(>.!N&. The Politics of Indigeneity and Contemporary Challenges to Maori Self-Determination.! M4;4-44<!I(I4-!I-4+4>?4<!?7!?B4!/G+?-(P(+*(>!A7P*?*L(P![?G<*4+!/++7L*(?*7>!E7>;4-4>L4!=>*)4-+*?@!7;! /<4P(*<4!C1![4I?4KF4-!^!"!9L?7F4-!CDDZ.!I&1&!/LL7-<*>H!?7!9X[GPP*)(>.!JB4!Nationhood [I44LB!<4P*)4-4<!
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"DW&!;..>?@@:::&*)2)A)3+&5/B@/%0@,':*EWEF"X&;.B0G',C&! The Mapuche (Chile) "DX&!I;'!6%<<'2',5'!/<!PEE=EEE!>'/>0'!L'.:'',!.;'!.:/!5',*+*'*!%*!5+22',.0A!+,'K>0)%,'6&!! "D#&!NA0:%,=!Y&!$"ZZ#8&!Indigenous peoples rights in Chile: Progress and contradictions in the context of globalization.!12'*',.'6!).!.;'!R),)6%),!! N**/5%).%/,!</2![).%,!NB'2%5),!),6!R)2%LL'),!J.+6%'*&!\\]QQQ!R/,C2'**&!!
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Indigenous peoples rights in Chile: Progress and contradictions in the context of globalization.!12'*',.'6!).!.;'!R),)6%),!! N**/5%).%/,!</2![).%,!NB'2%5),!),6!R)2%LL'),!J.+6%'*&!\\]QQQ!R/,C2'**&!! J%B/,!92)*%'2!^,%M'2*%.A=!]),5/+M'2=!R),)6)&!7)25;!"ZSD"&! "F"&!V<!.;'!XX=EEE!7)>+5;'!:;/!:'2'!2'0/5).'6!L'.:'',!.;'!0).'!"#EE*!),6!')20A!"ZEE*=!.',*!/<!.;/+*),6*! )2'!'*.%B).'6!./!;)M'!6%'6!/<!*.)2M).%/,!<2/B!%,*+<<%5%',.!0),6!),6!PE=EEE!B/2'!:'2'!0'<.!0),60'**!$_2A),! DEE"=!J`)6a'2!DEEF8&! "FD&!J`,)a6'2=!7&!$DEEF8!4.;,/6'M'0/>B',.!),6!6'B/52).%5!5/,*/0%6).%/,!%,!! R;%0'?!.;'!7)>+5;'!O+'*.%/,&!Q,![),C'2!4&b&!),6!7+,/`=!4&!$46*&!8=! Contemporary Indigenous Movements Latin America&!c%0B%,C./,=!b4?!! Y)C+)2!12'**&! "FF&!^,6'2!J)0M)6/2!N00',6'!$"ZXES!"ZXF8=!.;'!*/5%)0%*.!0')6'2!/<!.;'!1/>+0)2!^,%.A!1)2.A=!XE=EEE!;'5.)2'*! ;..>?@@:::&C2%5&,*,&+*@,':6%2'5.%/,@ "FZ&!J''!U')!N&!$"ZZX8&!
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Federal and State governments to protect the civil rights of Native Hawaiians$! "<;$![996/&!29!E5,5665>!Z99560.!J[EZK$!J#778K$!\5.(!5//&..&F!]&40-50@B!<B!#77;!5(!'(()*++,,,$2'5$201 "<<$!\6Q&Q&!%/'&-&0B!^$!J#77#K$!! Water and power in Hawaii: The Waiahole water case and the future of the islands$!!X>)-4?6.'&F!F2/(205?!F6..&0(5(62>B!X>63&0.6(@!29!=5?6920>65B!%5>(5!=0-_$! "<O$!X$%$!=2::6..62>!2>!=636?!W61'(.B!E5,566!ZF36.20@!=2::6((&&!JX%==WK$!J#77"K$!Reconciliation at a crossroads: The implications of the apology resolution and Rice v. Cayetano for Federal and State programs benefiting Native Hawaiians. A summary report of the August 1998 and September 2000 Community Forums in Honolulu, Hawaii$!!%&&!'(()*++,,,$-.//0$123+)-4.+.5/+'6787"+)0&9$'(: "O7$!\6Q&Q&!%/'&-&0B!^$!J#77#K$!! Water and power in Hawaii: The Waiahole water case and the future of the islands$!!X>)-4?6.'&F!F2/(205?!F6..&0(5(62>B!X>63&0.6(@!29!=5?6920>65B!%5>(5!=0-_$$! "O"$!%&>5(&R.!32(&!2>!ZQ5Q5!46??!F05,.!0&5/(62>$!J#778B!^->&!<K$!Honolulu Advertiser$! "O#$!M5>1!`$!J#778B!Y5@!"<K$!\6>1?&!?2446&.!920!ZQ5Q5!a6??$!Honolulu Advertiser "ON$!X$%$!=2::6..62>!2>!=636?!W61'(.B!E5,566!ZF36.20@!=2::6((&&!JX%==WK$!J#77"K$!Reconciliation at a crossroads: The implications of the apology resolution and Rice v. Cayetano for Federal and State programs benefiting Native Hawaiians. A summary report of the August 1998 and September 2000 Community Forums in Honolulu, Hawaii$!!%&&!'(()*++,,,$-.//0$123+)-4.+.5/+'6787"+)0&9$'(: "OG$!=0561!W$!J"OO<K$!Historical Dictionary of Honolulu and Hawai’i$!\5>'5:*!S'&!%/50&/02,!M0&..$! "OA!%23&0&61>(@*!Y2.(!29!-.!.&&:!,6??6>1$!J"OO8B!]&40-50@!#NK$!Honolulu Advertiser "O8$!S05.QB!EUV$!!J"OO#K$!E5,5665>.!5>F!E-:5>!W61'(.*!Z>!X>9-?96??&F!M02:6.&!29!T>(&0>5(62>5?!\5,$!=$! H50F!5>F!%$!I&>>&!JLF.$K$!J#77GK$! Islands in Captivity: The Record of the International Tribunal on the Rights of Indigenous Hawaiians$!!=5:406F1&*!%2-('!L>F!M0&..$!#O"UN7"$! "O;$!`06996>!^$!J#77#B!^->&!#K$!%23&0&61>(@*![-(!29!.61'(B!>2(!2-(!29!:6>F$!Honolulu Advertiser$! "O<$!X%!=2::6..62>!2>!=636?!W61'(.B!E5,566!ZF36.20@!=2::6((&&!JX%==WK$!J#77"K$!Reconciliation at a crossroads: The implications of the apology resolution and Rice v. Cayetano for Federal and State programs benefiting Native Hawaiians. A summary report of the August 1998 and September 2000 Community Forums in Honolulu, Hawaii$!!%&&!'(()*++,,,$-.//0$123+)-4.+.5/+'6787"+)0&9$'(:
A broken trust: the
Islands in captivity: The record of the International Tribunal on the Rights of Indigenous Hawaiians.
The Hawaiian Homelands Program: Seventy years of failure of
#"A%!&'()*!+%!,N-%.%!,#AAA.%!BC2;2G!-45@)!4G!O)S24-257!>62)D!E'()C6!F'(5)==!45-!G6)!02(8494!:;)4G3%! O4-)2;4!P4;Q7!R4;<'?;!P?<=2(6258%!#TT%! #""%!Id. :6)!=41!<455258!_5-245!=45-!@=42I(!64-!<))5!;)C)4=)-!D'?;!3)4;(!)4;=2);%!! #"#%!Calder!Y%!Attorney General of British Columbia*!c"$W/d!B%>%&%!/"/%! #"/%!Id. #"T%!B45-);(*!K%!ef)!_5G)5-!G'!J2Y)!R);)!X';)Y);79!+!P;2I);!'5!G6)!02(8494!:;)4G3%!University of British Columbia Law Review, 35*!"AL%!!! #"[%!&'()*!+%!,N-%.%!,#AAA.%!BC2;2G!-45@)!4G!O)S24-257!>62)D!E'()C6!F'(5)==!45-!G6)!02(8494!:;)4G3%! O4-)2;4!P4;Q7!R4;<'?;!P?<=2(6258%!#T[! #"U%!:6)2;!(?@@)((!4G!C=4@258!+<';28254=!2((?)(!'5!G6)!48)5-4!2(!)Z)IC=2D2)-!<3!G6)!D4@G!G64G!G6)3!1);)!4<=)! G'!()2S)!G6)!125-'1!'D!'CC';G?52G3!C;)()5G)-!<3!5)8'G24G2'5(!'Y);!G6)!;)C4G;24G2'5!'D!G6)!>'5(G2G?G2'5!45-! 8)G!C;'Y2(2'5(!C;'G)@G258!45-!4DD2;I258!+<';28254=!;286G(!25@=?-)-!G6)!5)1!@'5(G2G?G2'5%!!See!&4?5)G!K%! ,"$$U.%!Without surrender, without consent: A history of the Nisga’a land claims%!]45@'?Y);7!K'?8=4(!^! O@_5G3;)%!#"[%! #"W%!See!&4?5)G!K%!,"$$U.%!Without surrender, without consent: A history of the Nisga’a land claims ]45@'?Y);7!K'?8=4(!^!O@_5G3;)%!#"[%! #"L%!H);8);!:%!,#AAA*!B)CG%V\@G%.%!:6)!2IC';G45@)!'D!G6)!02(8494!:;)4G3!G'!>454-245(*!Canadian Speeches*! 4*!"/`!O'=='3*!:%!,#AAA.%!The world is our witness: the historic journey of the Nisga’a into Canada. >4=84;37!X2DG6!R'?()%!"[[%!!!! #"$%!O'=='3*!:%!,#AAA.%!The world is our witness: the historic journey of the Nisga’a into Canada. >4=84;37! X2DG6!R'?()%!"[WV"U/*!#A/V#A$%!!! ##A%!O'=='3*!:%!,#AAA.%!
People of the Nass River.!0)1!+2345(67!02(8494!:;2<4=!>'?5@2=%! #AA%!BC))@6!<3!>62)D!E'()C6!F'(5)==!G'!G6)!H;2G2(6!>'=?I<24!J)82(=4G?;)*!#!K)@)I<);!"$$L*!M?'G)-!&'()*! +%!,N-%.%!,#AAA.%!Spirit dance at Meziadin: Chief Joseph Gosnell and the Nisga’a Treaty%!O4-)2;4!P4;Q7! R4;<'?;!P?<=2(6258%!"$%!! #A"%!&'()*!+%!,N-%.%!,#AAA.%!BC2;2G!-45@)!4G!O)S24-257!>62)D!E'()C6!F'(5)==!45-!G6)!02(8494!:;)4G3%! O4-)2;4!P4;Q7!R4;<'?;!P?<=2(6258%!TUVTW! #A#%!!02(8494!2(!C4;G!'D!G6)!:(2I(62452@!=458?48)!D4I2=3%!!&'()*!+%!,)-%.%!,"$$/.%!Nisga’a: People of the Nass River.!0)1!+2345(67!02(8494!:;2<4=!>'?5@2=%! #A/%!X';!25(G45@)*!G6)!02(8494!<)=2)Y)!G64G!:Z))I(2I*!4!C2Y'G4=!D28?;)!25!G6)2;!@'(I'='83*!D=4GG)5)-!G6)! Y4==)3!<)G1))5!D'?;!I'?5G425(!G'!)54<=)!G6)I!<?2=-!='58!6'?()(*!45-!G64G!6)!C=4@)-!4!I'?5G425!25!G6)! I2--=)!'D!4!D2(6258!@6455)=!G'!C;'G)@G!G6)2;!D2(6258!8;'?5-(!D;'I!5)286<'?;258!G;2<)(%!!Id 4G!"[%! #AT%!Id !L!4G!W"%! #A[%!Id. #AU%!&'()*!+%!,)-%.%!,"$$/.%!Nisga’a: People of the Nass River.!0)1!+2345(67!02(8494!:;2<4=!>'?5@2=%!#TT%! #AW%!Id. 4G!"L*!W"%!!! #AL%!:6)3!1);)!6)=C)-!<3!>6;2(G245!I2((2'54;2)(!25!-'258!('%!!\5)!'D!G6)!D'?5-258!02(8494!I)I<);(!'D!G6)! J45-!>'II2GG))!14(!+;G6?;!>4=-);*!16'()!('5!X;45Q!>4=-);!=4G);!C=43)-!4!Y2G4=!;'=)!25!G6)!02(8494! (G;?88=)%!!&4?5)G!K%!,"$$U.%!Without surrender, without consent: A history of the Nisga’a land claims ]45@'?Y);7!K'?8=4(!^!O@_5G3;)%!"/"V"/#`!&'()*!+%!,N-%.%!,#AAA.%!BC2;2G!-45@)!4G!O)S24-257!>62)D!E'()C6! F'(5)==!45-!G6)!02(8494!:;)4G3%!O4-)2;4!P4;Q7!R4;<'?;!P?<=2(6258%!UT*L#%!
The world is our witness: the historic journey of the Nisga’a into Canada. ('?;@)!'D!6'(G2=2G3!<)G1))5!+<';28254=(!45-!G6)!8'Y);5I)5G%!!&'()*!+%!,N-%.%!,#AAA.%! Joseph
Spirit dance at Meziadin: Chief
>4=84;37! X2DG6!R'?()%!#A$%!!!! ##"%!Nisga’a Final Agreement%!!:62(!;)C;)()5G(!4<'?G!Lg!'D!G6)2;!G;4-2G2'54=!G);;2G';3%!!H);8);!:%!,#AAA*! B)CG%V\@G%.%!:6)!2IC';G45@)!'D!G6)!02(8494!:;)4G3!G'!>454-245(*!Canadian Speeches*!4*!"/%! ###%!:6)!Indian Act 2(!4!D)-);4=!=41!G64G!G286G=3!;)8?=4G)(!G6)!4DD42;(!'D!4==!X2;(G!04G2'5(%!!_G!2(!4!I4a';!
Nisga’a: #A$%!+G!G64G!G2I)*!G6)!H;2G2(6!P;2Y3!>'?5@2=!14(!>454-49(!6286)(G!4CC)4=(!@'?;G%!!_G!-)52)-!G6)!02(8494! @=42I!<)@4?()!2G!14(!5'G!45!4CC)4=!D;'I!4!>454-245!@'?;G!a?-8I)5G%!!>'4G)(!b%!,N-%.%!,"$$#.%!Aboriginal land claims in Canada: A regional perspective%!:';'5G'7!>'CC!>=4;Q!P2GI45%!"T%!!!!!
Gosnell and the Nisga’a Treaty%!O4-)2;4!P4;Q7!R4;<'?;!P?<=2(6258%!WA%! ##/%!:6)!=)82(=4G2Y)!4?G6';2G3!'D!G6)!02(8494!J2(2I(!F'Y);5I)5G!25@=?-)(*!<?G!2G!5'G!=2I2G)-!G'*!)-?@4G2'5*! @?=G?;)*!=458?48)*!@?=G?;4=!C;'C);G3*!=45-!?()*!<?2=-258!(G45-4;-(*!='@4=!<?(25)((*!84I<=258!45-!84I25*!
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Jia-yi XIen zong-he fa-zhan ji-hua
"#$ %&''(&)*!&+,!,(-.'/*0!/1(2,'*+!&+,!3&%(24!5*'-(/*50!&+,!/.+6'.2!&+,!5&2*!.3!(+6.7(/&+658!!Nisga’a Final Agreement. ##98!Nisga’a Final Agreement. ##:8!;25.0!61*!<(5)&=&!'*6&(+!61*!3>22!'()165!.3!?&+&,(&+!/(6(@*+51(A8!Nisga’a Final Agreement. ##B8!!Nisga’a Final Agreement. ##C8!DA**/1!E4!?1(*3!F.5*A1!G.5+*22!6.!61*!H'(6(51!?.2>%E(&!I*)(52&6>'*0!#!J*/*%E*'!"KKL0!M>.6*,!(+! N.5*0!;8!OP,8Q8!O#RRRQ8!Spirit dance at Meziadin: Chief Joseph Gosnell and the Nisga’a Treaty8!S&,*('&! T&'UV!W&'E.>'!T>E2(51(+)8!"K8! ##L8!;!C#X4*&'X.2,!*2,*'!.3!61*!Y(+/.2(61!E&+,!.3!<(5)&=&!/'(6(/(@*,!61*!6'*&64!.+!61*!)'.>+,!61&60!Z[6!\&5! ,.+*!E4!&!E>+/1!.3!4.>+)!)>45!.+!61*!+*).6(&6(.+!/.%%(66**!\1.!,.+=6!*-*+!U+.\!.>'!'*5.>'/*5!.'!.>'! />26>'*8]!!J*T&2%&!;8!O"KKL0!;>)>56!:Q8!?&+&,&!A&/6!)(-*5!&!6'(E*!5*23X'>2*!3.'!61*!3('56!6(%*8!The New York Times ##K8!See, e.g80![+6*'(.'!;22(&+/*!O"KKL0!;>)>56!$Q8!Interior Alliance denounces Nisga’a ‘template’ as a violation of human rights. ;-&(2&E2*!&6!166AV^^5(5(58+&6(-*\*E8.')^/2&'U^&>)R$KLE+(5816%2 #$R8!See, e.g80!2*66*'!E4!61*!T'*5(,*+6!.3!61*!_+(.+!.3!H8?8![+,(&+!?1(*350!`*''4!D8!O"KKL0!;>)>56Q8!Why the Nisga’a Agreement must not be the blueprint0!Khatou News8!&-&(2&E2*!&6V!! 166AV^^5(5(58+&6(-*\*E8.')^/2&'U^&>)KL+(5816%2 #$"8!D**0!*8)80!H'(6(51!?.2>%E(&!`'*&64!?.%%(55(.+!O#RR$0!a&22Q8!The Business case for treaties8!;-&(2&E2*! &6!166AV^^\\\8E/6'*&648+*6^3(2*5b$^A,3b,./>%*+65^H>5(+*55c?&5*#R8A,3 #$# D**!*8)8!S.22.40!`8!O#RRRQ8!The world is our witness: the historic journey of the Nisga’a into Canada. ?&2)&'4V!a(361!W.>5*8!"#"d!H*')*'!`8!O#RRR0!D*A68Xe/68Q8!`1*!(%A.'6&+/*!.3!61*!<(5)&=&!`'*&64!6.! ?&+&,(&+50!Canadian Speeches0!40!"$8!`1*!(%A.'6&+/*!.3!61*!<(5)&=&!`'*&64!6.!?&+&,(&+50!Canadian Speeches0!40!"$X"C8!S.22.4!\&5!61*!/1(*3!3*,*'&2!6'*&64!+*).6(&6.'!&+,!H*')*'!\&5!61*!2&\4*'!\1.! '*A'*5*+6*,!61*!<(5)&=&!(+!61*!Calder!2(6()&6(.+8!!! #$$8!J*T&2%&!;8!O"KKL0!;>)>56!:Q8!?&+&,&!A&/6!)(-*5!&!6'(E*!5*23X'>2*!3.'!61*!3('56!6(%*8!The New York Times8! #$98!J*T&2%&!;8!O"KKL0!;>)>56!:Q8!?&+&,&!A&/6!)(-*5!&!6'(E*!5*23X'>2*!3.'!61*!3('56!6(%*8!The New York Times8 <.+X[+,()*+.>5!/.%%*'/(&2!3(51*'%*+!1&-*!1&,!-*'4!56'&(+*,!'*2&6(.+5!\(61!A*.A2*5!(+!?&+&,&!3.'! %&+4!4*&'5!E*/&>5*![+,()*+.>5!A*.A2*5!)*6!A'*3*'*+/*5!(+!61*!3(51*'48! #$:8!G(E5.+!G8!O"KKKQ8!?.%%*+65!.+!61*!J'&36!<(5)&=&!`'*&648!Public Policy Sources, 180!98! #$B8!G(E5.+!G8!O"KKKQ8!?.%%*+65!.+!61*!J'&36!<(5)&=&!`'*&648!Public Policy Sources, 7, 13 #$C8!G(E5.+!G8!O"KKKQ8!?.%%*+65!.+!61*!J'&36!<(5)&=&!`'*&648!Public Policy Sources, 3,48!!a'>%!J8! O"KKL0!;>)>56!""Q8!H>'*&>/'&65!5()+!&\&4!2(E*'64V!<(5)&=&!`'*&64!5*65!>A!A'(+/(A2*!.3!'()16!6.!-.6*!E&5*,!.+! '&/*8!Calgary Sun0!A8!":8!! #$L8!D**!S.22.40!`8!O#RRRQ8!The world is our witness: the historic journey of the Nisga’a into Canada. ?&2)&'4V!a(361!W.>5*8!$X"R8!! The Tsou (Taiwan) #$K8!`1*!.33(/(&224!'*/.)+(@*,!)'.>A5!&'*V!;%(5!O.'!T&+)/&1Q0!;6&4&20!H>+>+0!T&(\&+0!`5.>0!D(&54(&60! T>4>%&0!N>(U&(0!f&%(!O.'!`&.Q0!`1&.0!`>'>U>!&+,!Y&-&2&+8!`1*('!5(@*!'&+)*!3'.%!"CR0RRR!O;%(5Q!6.!2*55! 61&+!$RR!O`1&.Q8!`1*4!/.+5(56!.3!#c!.3!61*!6.6&2!`&(\&+!A.A>2&6(.+8!OD**! 166AV^^\\\856&68).-86\^/68&5Ag7[6*%h""$:Bi/6<.,*h#$LB8Q! #9R8!Xiang (5!61*!&,%(+(56'&6(-*!>+(6!61&6!(5!.+*!2*-*2!2.\*'!61&+!61*!/.>+648!;%.+)!61*!$"K!xiangs!(+! `&(\&+0!$R!.3!61*%!&'*!shan-di-xiang8!I(6*'&224!shan-di-xiang %*&+5!&!xiang!2./&6*,!(+!61*!%.>+6&(+!&'*&0! E>6!&5(,*!3'.%!61*!)*.)'&A1(/&2!%*&+(+)0!(6!&25.!%*&+5!61&6!61*!xiang %&4.'!O.'!xiang-zhangQ0!61.>)1! *2*/6*,!E.61!E4!(+,()*+.>5!&+,!+.+X(+,()*+.>5!-.6*'50 1&5!6.!E*!&+!(+,()*+.>5!A*'5.+8!;2(51&+!(5!.+*!.3! 61*5*!shan-di-xiang58 #9"8!`1*!5.>61!)'.>A5!.3!61*!`5.>!j!61*!Y&+&U&+&->!&+,!61*!D&=&'>&!j!2(-*!\(61(+!61*!E.>+,&'4!.3!Y&.X 15(>+)!?.>+640!\1.5*!2&+)>&)*5!&'*!,(33*'*+6!3'.%!61*!+.'61!)'.>A!(+!?1(&4(8!`1(5!A&A*'!3./>5*5!.+!61*! <.'61!`5.>!(+!?1(&X4(!?.>+648!`1*'*!(5!&25.!&!-*'4!5%&22!+>%E*'!.3!61*!<.'61!`5.>!2(-(+)!(+!<&+X6.>! ?.>+648!`1(5!A&A*'!3./>5*5!.+!61*!<.'61!`5.>!(+!?1(&X4(!?.>+648! #9#8!D**!J*-*2.A%*+6!T2&+!3.'!F(&X4(!?.>+6'4!O
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=2*(!0=(64!,D/!-,+606C2+!2@(/F2!D=(/!F,C:.(/06/@!0=(!\:73(/@!A0,48&!! #U#&!L=(!364A0!F,C:.(/0206,/!,3!\:73(/@!A0,48!D2A!9=627.,:!O6:eA!Hai-yin Shi. #U%&!'((G!O6!f78&!Folklore and Textbooks: Wu-feng Story and its Anthropological Studies (Zhuan-sho yu Ke-ben: Wu-feng Zhuan-sho ji qi Xiang-guan de Ren-lei-xie Tan-tao). M/!Wu-feng and Its Related Questions ( Wu-feng ji qi xiang-guan wen-ti Yien-jiou)G!;6/!9=6/(A(<&!KG!2*26+2I+(!20! =00->??DDD&/6C0&@,*&0D?0C?+(24/6/@?IE%&-=#U$&!Ibid!-&K7"%! #UU&!\2/@!'7A&G!\2/@G!X7=&!]!1:G!97C&!;#BB"<&!The History of Formosan Aborigines: Tsou!;Tai-wan Yuan-zhu-ming Shi:Tsou-zu-shi Pien)G!;6/!9=6/(A(<&!S2/70,:>!L=(![6A0,46C2+!N(A(24C=!9,..6AA6,/!,3! L26D2/!14,*6/C(&!$#7$$&! #UR&!L=(!04(208!=2A!A(*(/!2406C+(AG!6/C+:F6/@>!"&!4(C,@/6`6/@!0=(!/20:42+!A,*(4(6@/08!,3!L26D2/!6/F6@(/,:A!
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OF#:!S4(!1&.),!5<3(0!,423!82*02*%!&*!('20(*1(!,4<,!,4(!>&++.*2,6!4<0!/(<3(0!+2*()</!?)&3?(1,2*%!)2%4,3!<,! '<)2&.3!,2+(3!5(,-((*!<5&.,!"$RF!<*0!"W"F=!<*0!,4<,!,4(!>&++.*2,6!5(/2('(0!,4<,!2,!&-*(0!,4(!+2*()</3! <*0!5(4<'(0!<11&)02*%/6:!!Richtersveld Cmty. v. Alexkor Ltd. !E#FFOG!E7G!K>HM!R$O=!?<)<:!"F:!S4(! %&'()*+(*,!1&./0!4<'(!,<A(*!,4(!>&++.*2,6^3!/<*03!8&)!+2*()</!0('(/&?+(*,=!5.,!2,!-&./0!4<'(!5((*! )(_.2)(0!,&!?<6!1&+?(*3<,2&*:!!! OFO:!`M214,()3'(/0!>&++.*2,6!H<*0!>/<2+!K)(<A,4)&.%4=a!C)(33!M(/(<3(!8)&+!B&.,4!98)21<^3!b(?<),+(*,! &8!C.5/21!\*,()?)23(3=!c1,&5()!#7=!#FF7:!!9'<2/<5/(!<,! 4,,?I[[---:2*8&:%&':Z<[3?((14(3[#FF7[F7"F#X"F"R"FF":4,+ OFP:!S)<4<*=!d:!E#FFPG:!S4(!M214,()3'(/0!>&++.*2,6!e!&,4()3!':!9/(@A&)!H,0:I!b(1/<)<,2&*!&8!<!`M2%4,!2*! H<*0a!,4)&.%4!<!1.3,&+<)6!2*,()(3,a!3(,3!3,<%(!8&)!2*,)&0.1,2&*!&8!95&)2%2*</!S2,/(!2*,&!B&.,4!98)21<*!/(%</! 363,(+:!Tul. J. Int’l & Comp. L., 12=!R7R=!R$#:!! OFR:!M&52*3=!B,:!E#FF"G:!NVc3=!fK.34+(*^!<*0!b&.5/(!g232&*I!,4(!hi*(_!h!Y4&+<*2!B<*!H<*0!>/<2+!<*0! ,4(!>./,.)</!C&/2,213!&8!f>&++.*2,6^!<*0!fb('(/&?+(*,^!2*!,4(!Y</<4<)2:!Journal of Southern African Studies=!(27)!P=!$OOQRO:!B((!</3&!H((=!M:!E#FFOG:!L*02%(*&.3!)2%4,3!<*0!,4(!?&/2,213!&8!20(*,2,6!2*!C&3,Q 9?<),4(20!B&.,4!98)21<:!L*!K:!b(<*!e!j:!H('2!E(03:G:!E#FFOG:!At the risk of being heard:!9**!9)5&)I! k*2'()32,6!&8!D2142%<*!C)(33:!$FQ"FP:! OF7:!#FFR=!9?)2/!#F:!H<*0!1/<2+!1&./0!14<*%(!,4(!0(3,2*6!&8!<!?(&?/(:!Mail & Guardian Online OFX:!#FFR=!9?)2/!#F:!H<*0!1/<2+!1&./0!14<*%(!,4(!0(3,2*6!&8!<!?(&?/(:!Mail & Guardian Online OF$:!Y2)314!B:!E"WWOG:!B&12</!2+?<1,!&8!,4(!cA!S(02!D2*(!&*!,4(!d&*%%&+!'2//<%(3!&8!,4(!N&),4!;/6=!"WW#:! cAQ;/6!B&12</!D&*2,&)2*%!C)&T(1,!M(?&),!N&:!R!8&)!cA!S(02!D2*2*%!H2+2,(0:!O:!!! 4,,?I[[)3?<3:<*.:(0.:<.[)+<?[?)&T(1,3[cAQ;/6l3&12</l+&*2,&)2*%[c83+?FRQY2)314"WWOQ,4(Qd&*%%&+Q ?(&?/(:?08
Silenced rivers: The ecology and politics of large dams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"#$ The Yonggom (Papua New Guinea) %&$'!()*+,-!.'!/"$$01'!Social monitoring at the Ok Tedi project. Summary report to mid-1993'!23456! 789,*+!:,'!;'!%'<!.=>?@,-!7'!/#&&%1'!Muddying the waters of the Fly: Underlying issues or stereotypes? 78@,)*>8!5=-=A8B8-+!C-!D@C=E6=>CFC>!G,*?C-A!6=98*!:,'!H"I!J=-K8**=L!78@,)*>8!5=-=A8B8-+!C-!D@C=E 6=>CFC>!6*,A*=B!78@8=*>M!4>M,,N!,F!6=>CFC>!=-O!D@C=-!4+)OC8@I!PM8!D)@+*=NC=-!:=+C,-=N!Q-CR8*@C+S'!#'!! DR=CN=KN8!=+!M++9LTT*@9=@'=-)'8O)'=)T9=98*@T*B=9TG9=98*@T*B=9UV9H"'9OF %"&'!()*+,-!.'!/"$$01'!Social monitoring at the Ok Tedi project. Summary report to mid-1993'!23456! 789,*+!:,'!;'!H'!! %""'!WC*@>MI!4'!/"$$X1'!D>+C-A!AN,K=NNSL!Y>,E9,NC+C>@!C-!6=9)=!:8V!Z)C-8=I!University of Michigan Journal of the International Institute, 3!/%1'!DR=CN=KN8!=+!M++9LTTVVV')BC>M'8O)T[CC-8+T\,)*-=NTR,N%-,%T?C*@>M'M+BN %"#'!J)*+C-!P'I!],N^?-8>M+!]'I!_!`=B,)*!6'!/#&&%1'!`=-O!*8AC@+*=+C,-!C-!6=9)=!:8V!Z)C-8=L!J,B98+C-A! 98*@98>+CR8@'!a-!State, Society and Governance in MelanesiaI!PM8!D)@+*=NC=-!:=+C,-=N!Q-CR8*@C+S!78@8=*>M! 4>M,,N!,F!6=>CFC>!=-O!D@C=-!4+)OC8@I!4+=+8I!4,>C8+S!=-O!Z,R8*-=->8!C-!58N=-8@C=!6*,\8>+I!bC@>)@@C,-!6=98*! #&&%T"I!!=R=CN=KN8!=+!M++9LTTMON'M=-ON8'-8+T"cc0TH&"c&'! %"%'!D@C=-!b8R8N,9B8-+!(=-?'!/#&&0I!b8>8BK8*1'!Technical Assistance, Papua New Guinea: Preparing the PNG Gas Project'!P8>M-C>=N!D@@C@+=->8!789,*+I!6*,\8>+!:)BK8*!%$0cHI!%'! %"H'!J,-F)@C,-!,-!2?!P8OC!9N=-@'!PNG Post-Courrier'!/#&&"I!5=*>M!01'!DR=CN=KN8!=+! M++9LTTF,*8@+@',*AT=*>MCR8T9-AT>,-F,-,?'M+B<!2?!P8OC!b8=N!F,*!(]6!(CNNC+,-'!Mining Journal – London /#&&"I!489+8BK8*!#c1'!DR=CN=KN8!=+! M++9LTTVVV'C-F,BC-8'>,BT-8V@TdBN-8V@TV8N>,B8'=@9e-8V@f5`g5.&HH'dBN %"0'!5,NN,SI!3'!/#&&"I!2>+,K8*!%1'!(]6!=K=-O,-C-A!2?!P8OC!h!6:Z!+,!>N8=-!)9'!Reportage'!DR=CN=KN8!=+! M++9LTTVVV'*89,*+=A8')+@'8O)'=)T@+,*C8@T#&&"T&%,?+8OC'M+BN %"X'!WC*@>MI!4'!/"$$X1'!D>+C-A!AN,K=NNSL!Y>,E9,NC+C>@!C-!6=9)=!:8V!Z)C-8=I!University of Michigan Journal of the International Institute, 3!/%1'!DR=CN=KN8!=+!M++9LTTVVV')BC>M'8O)T[CC-8+T\,)*-=NTR,N%-,%T?C*@>M'M+BN %";'!Q:b6I!Q:Y6I!_!G,*NO!(=-?'!/#&&%1'!World resources 2002–2004:Decisions for the Earth: Balance, voice, and power'!DR=CN=KN8!=+!M++9LTTVVV'V*C',*ATA,R8*-=->8T9)K@UO8@>*C9+C,-'>FBe9COg%;XH %"c'!6=BK=!W'!/"$$$I!D)A)@+!#"1'!G,*NO!(=-?!=@?8OL!a@!2?!P8OC!2?e'!Asia Times'!! %"$'!WC*@>MI!4'!/"$$X1'!D>+C-A!AN,K=NNSL!Y>,E9,NC+C>@!C-!6=9)=!:8V!Z)C-8=I!University of Michigan Journal of the International Institute, 3!/%1'!DR=CN=KN8!=+!M++9LTTVVV')BC>M'8O)T[CC-8+T\,)*-=NTR,N%-,%T?C*@>M'M+BN %#&'!WC*@>M!4'!/"$$X1'!JN8=-C-A!)9!2?!P8OCL!48++N8B8-+!F=R,*@!i,-AA,B!98,9N8'!University of Michigan Journal of the International Institute, 4 /"1'! %#"'!]=*?C-@,-I!7'!/#&&&1'!!a->,B9=+CKN8!VC+M!,)*!8-RC*,-B8-+=N!R=N)8@'!GM=+j@!-8d+!F,*!2?!P8OCe! a-+8*RC8V!VC+M!4+)=*+!WC*@>MI!Higher Values, 13'! %##'!WC*@>M!4'!/"$$%1'!4,>C=N!CB9=>+!,F!+M8!2?!P8OC!5C-8!,-!+M8!i,-AA,B!RCNN=A8@!,F!+M8!:,*+M!3NSI!"$$#'! 2?E3NS!4,>C=N!5,-C+,*C-A!6*,\8>+!789,*+!:,'!0!F,*!2?!P8OC!5C-C-A!`CBC+8O'!""E"#'!!! %#%'!WC*@>M!4'!/"$$%1'!4,>C=N!CB9=>+!,F!+M8!2?!P8OC!5C-8!,-!+M8!i,-AA,B!RCNN=A8@!,F!+M8!:,*+M!3NSI!"$$#'! 2?E3NS!4,>C=N!5,-C+,*C-A!6*,\8>+!789,*+!:,'!0!F,*!2?!P8OC!5C-C-A!`CBC+8O'!cI!"H'!! %#H'!WC*@>M!4'!/"$$%1'!4,>C=N!CB9=>+!,F!+M8!2?!P8OC!5C-8!,-!+M8!i,-AA,B!RCNN=A8@!,F!+M8!:,*+M!3NSI!"$$#'! 2?E3NS!4,>C=N!5,-C+,*C-A!6*,\8>+!789,*+!:,'!0!F,*!2?!P8OC!5C-C-A!`CBC+8O'!"X'! %#0'!WC*@>MI!4'!/"$$X1'!D>+C-A!AN,K=NNSL!Y>,E9,NC+C>@!C-!6=9)=!:8V!Z)C-8=I!University of Michigan Journal of the International Institute, 3!/%1'!DR=CN=KN8!=+!M++9LTTVVV')BC>M'8O)T[CC-8+T\,)*-=NTR,N%-,%T?C*@>M'M+BN %#X'!WC*@>MI!4'!/"$$X1'!D>+C-A!AN,K=NNSL!Y>,E9,NC+C>@!C-!6=9)=!:8V!Z)C-8=I!University of Michigan Journal of the International Institute, 3!/%1'!DR=CN=KN8!=+!M++9LTTVVV')BC>M'8O)T[CC-8+T\,)*-=NTR,N%-,%T?C*@>M'M+BN 488!=N@,!WC*@>M!4'!/#&' D-+M*,9,N,AS!=-O!=OR,>=>SL!=!>=@8!@+)OS!,F!+M8!>=B9=CA-!=A=C-@+!+M8!2?! P8OC!5C-8'!Critique of Anthropology,!##!/#1I!"$H!=R=CN=KN8!=+! M++9LTTVVV'BC-8@=-O>,BB)-C+C8@',*ATJ,B9=-ST,?+8OCH'9OF %#;'!()*+,-!('!/"$$$I!D)A)@+!"%1'!(]6!=OBC+@!2?!P8OC!BC-8!C@!8-RC*,-B8-+=N!OC@=@+8*'!Asia Times %#c'!WC*@>M!4'!/"$$X1'!JN8=-C-A!)9!2?!P8OCL!48++N8B8-+!F=R,*@!i,-AA,B!98,9N8'!University of Michigan Journal of the International Institute, 4 /"1'!! %#$'!.=>?@,-!7'!/#&&%1'!Muddying the waters of the Fly: Underlying issues or stereotypes?!78@,)*>8! 5=-=A8B8-+!C-!D@C=E6=>CFC>!G,*?C-A!6=98*!:,'!H"I!J=-K8**=L!78@,)*>8!5=-=A8B8-+!C-!D@C=E6=>CFC>! 6*,A*=B!78@8=*>M!4>M,,N!,F!6=>CFC>!=-O!D@C=-!4+)OC8@I!PM8!D)@+*=NC=-!:=+C,-=N!Q-CR8*@C+S'!;'!!! %%&'!]=*?C-@,-I!ka->,B9=+CKN8!VC+M!,)*!8-RC*,-B8-+=N!R=N)8@L!GM=+j@!-8d+!F,*!2?!P8OCel<!.=>?@,-!7'! /#&&%1'!Muddying the waters of the Fly: Underlying issues or stereotypes?!78@,)*>8!5=-=A8B8-+!C-!D@C=E
Cultural Survival Quarterly, 26
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