Thesis Report

Library Learning center Learning commons Information center Community center Culture house mediatheque Media center “idea� store

Architecture thesis by Mitul Shihora Final year-2019 G.C.P.I.A.F.

Prof.(Dr)Dharmesh Juremalani Principal, Department of Architecture

Ar. Anand Kapadiya Thesis Co-Ordinator

Prof. Mehul patel H.O.D. Architecture

CERTIFICATE

This is certify that Mr. Mitul Ghanshyambhai Shihora of Department of architecture, G.C. Patel institute of architecture and interior design and fine arts has successfully completed the U.G. thesis project 2019 work titled library design for the partial fulfilment of requirement for completion of undergraduate course in bachelor of architecture.

This project is record of authentic work of the project carried himself/herself during the period from 17th December 2018 to 3rd 2019(semester 10)

out May

This work is found to be satisfactory for the purpose.

Mitul Ghanshyambhai Shihroa (145601065) B.Arch - V (semester – X )

Date:6th May, 2019

Ar. Pradeep Choksi Thesis guide

Institute Seal

Library design

CHAPTER

02 02 02 02

CHAPTER 03 04 05

CHAPTER 06 09 10 11 CHAPTER 12 13 14

CHAPTER 15 16 17

CHAPTER 18 23 32

Index

1:PREFACE

Introduction Problem Aim Objective

2:Theory World History of libraries History of Varna city Library of the Varna city

3:Site

analysis

Urban context Adjacent building Transportation and access Climate 4:Plannig

restriction

Different zone site context building parameters

5:Case

studies

Seattle public library Sendai mediathaque Comparative analysis

6:Planning Programme Drawings Views

00

Library design

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment Apart from an individual efforts, success of any project largely depends on the encouragement and guidance of many others. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to all those people who have been instrumental in the successful completion of this dissertation.

Firstly, I would like to thank my mother and father for being with me and supporting me. They have been the pillars of strength on which I stand.

Secondly, I would thank Ar. Anand Kapadiya for his guidance, encouragement and faith in me for this project.

I cannot afford to not to thank Ar. Pradeep Choksi, for his immense and very crucial help in developing a very imtresting approach for the dissertation and for all his guidance in the library design scope. I also thank Ar. Bhavesh Patel and Ar. Kunal Biscuitwala for there guidance.

Lastly, but very important, all my friends, parth, chirag, brijesh, hardik, payal, dhara, hinal for their help, support and the entertainment factor making this project very smooth sailing.

01

Library design

Preface

Introduction The municipality of Varna and the chamber of architects in Bulgaria – Varna invite Bulgarian and foreign architects in an open international architectural competition For a new building of Varna regional library

Problem A solution is yet to be found for a long-standing problem of the city of Varna which has been without proper building of its library for years.

130

The library of Varna is a

year old But presently its collection of

8,60,000 library items

6

Is spread in

different building

Aim The new building aims to collect the library under one roof, to ensure its comfortable and smooth working process and at the same time to create a new and active public space in the centre of Varna.

This competition aims that the future building should demonstrate contemporary attitude to books and have one major message

“

We are a modern, open and friendly institution.

Come to spend your free time with us.

objectives • To create an entirely new public space in the city.

• To offer new and adaptive environment for reading and learning.

• To collect in one building the scattered fund of 866 000 library items of Varna Regional Library and to secure additional space for 400 000 new.

• To provide for a comfortable working process of all traditional library activities.

• To become an attractive place and a good alternative to spend your free time, even for people who don’t traditionally use libraries.

• To become a successfully integrated part of the neighbouring urban fabric and to offer a distinct architectural identity at the same time.`

02

Library design

World

history

Early ages

Theory

of

libraries Southwest Asia's fertile crescent was the birthplace of writing, sometimes before 3000 BC. These archives, which mainly consisted of the commercial transactions or inventories, mark the end of prehistory and the start of history.

Classical ages

Artistic rendering based on some archaeological evidence.

Private libraries appeared during late republic, by now a library is got up as standard equipment and amenities suited to villa.

Middle ages

The need to preserve the words and with the invention of paper, world quickly begun to progress in its development of library.

Renaissan ce ages

After the invention of the printing press, many renaissance libraries began to collect printed texts as well as valuable manuscripts. The new library served primarily as an information retrieval system for contemporary scholars to research with and discuss.

Early modern ages

Modern ages

The printing press created economies of scale that allowed for the exchange of books to become more commonplace. Book fairs were the most merchants most common choice of sale and catalogues were their most common choice of organization.

In the 21st century, libraries are changing and evolving to match modern society. Many face financial issues and crises. However, they are finding ways to adapt to people's needs, such as providing digital services to patrons at home, and creating more user-friendly places.

03

Library design

History

Theory

of

Varna

city

• With its 350 000 inhabitants, Varna is the third largest city in Bulgaria. It is an important seaport and touristic center, and is located on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, where the roads connecting Southeast Europe, Asia Minor, Russia and the Mediterranean have intersected for centuries • As a result, contemporary Varna is a multicultural mix of Bulgarians, Turks, Armenians, Greeks, Roma, Russians, Ukrainians and Jews, which have all been living successfully together for many years.

Classical ages

Middle ages

• Varna became part of the Third Bulgarian Kingdom in 1878 with a population of just 3500 Bulgarians out of a total of 21 000. The number of Bulgarians steadily increased, until they became a majority in the first half of the 20th century. The cultural and ethnic diversity, however, remained.

• The first beaches in the city were built in 1890. In 1921, Varna was officially proclaimed a seaside resort. The “Sea Garden”, the coastal park which connects the central part of the city to the resorts to the north of it, was expanded further.

• During the period of socialism(1944-1989) the development of tourism along the Black Sea coast became official state policy. In 1955-6 began the construction of “Druzhba” and “Golden Sands”, which were the first two of a series of emblematic Bulgarian seaside resorts built in the second half of the 20th century.

• As a result of the turbulent history described above, the architecture of contemporary Varna is a peculiar cultural and historical mix, blending Antiquity, the Ottoman period, the Bulgarian Renaissance, the post-Ottoman period of the Third Bulgarian Kingdom, socialism and the construction boom after the fall of the Berlin Wall.

Modern ages

• Varna’s urban environment hosts (with varied success) the coexistence of Roman ruins, houses and cultural monuments from the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, socialist modernism, and the chaotic surge in construction from the last 25 years, which is most evident in the coastal area and some parts of the city center.

04

Library design

Library

Theory

of

the

Varna

city

•

The Varna Pencho Slaveykov Regional Library was founded by the “Varna Book Club” in 1883, with donations from prominent citizens. It was named “Varna Municipal Library” in 1887. Since 1945, the library has been a repository for Bulgarian national literature, one of only 12 in the country.

•

Presently, the library functions as a modern cultural and information center, and initiates a number of annual events like the Marathon of the Reading People” and “Vacation in the Library”, as well as projects such as “Old Varna” and “Varna Digital Library”. At the end of 2014, the library held a collection of 6,98,585 books, 68,853 serials, 15,303 written music, and 92,331 non-books materials. The library has 9,340 membership card readers.

•

At the moment, the library consists of three separate, offsite storage facilities, and three locations which serve its readers. They are all far from each other, which makes them impractical to administrate. Their total Area amounts to about 4000 sq.m, which is highly insufficient. This creates difficulties in the execution of basic library operations.

IN

SHORT

Since

With collection of

1883 8,60,000 library items

In

20 different languages

Used by

1,23,000 visitors per year

From which

9,340 months old

The youngest members is

3 different languages

The oldest member is

96 years old

05

Library design

Urban

Site analysis

context Football stadium located 1.5 km from site

Universities located 2.3 km from site

Si te Airport located 3.3 km from site Culture and sports centre 1.5 km from site

Industries located 2.5 km from site Railway station located 3 km from site

06

Library design

Important

Site analysis

public

building

The opera, drama theatre, cathedral, archaeological museum, naval museum, railway station, and port of Varna would be within walking distance from the site. All of these locations routinely generate a large number of visitors, during the summer months when the tourist season is active.

Municipality hall

Archaeological museum

Palace of culture and sports

Site

City art gallery

Cathedral Festival and congress centre Drama and opera theatre Archaeological site roman bath Central railway station Naval museum

BLACK

SEA

Varna port

07

Library design

Open

public

Site analysis

space

The city’s main pedestrian thoroughfare and the “sea garden”, as well as several city parks would be in the immediate vicinity of the site. All of these areas are exceptionally popular with both local and tourist.

Site Archaeological museum park Sevastopol park

Main pedestrian street The sea garden

City garden

BLACK

SEA

08

Library design

Schools

Site analysis

and

universities

The central part of the city is home to the university of economics and the medical university, s well as number of elementary and high school.

High school High school Naval academy Medical university of Varna Site

National school of art and humanities

High school

University of economics varna

Elementary school Varna trade school High school

Professional school of tourism

BLACK

SEA

09

Library design

Schools

5

Site analysis Site analysis

and

universities

Number of floors Residential building Office building Hotels Public building Mixed used public and residential

09

Library design

Adjacent

Site analysis Site analysis

buildings:

Direction of traffic Bicycle lane Public transit stop Pedestrian walkway

10

Library design

Site analysis

Climate • Climate of Varna city is warm during spring and summer.

• Average January temperature : 1.7 C.

• Average for July : 22.8 C.

• Yearly average : 12.2 C.

• Lowest temperature on record : -24.3 C on February 10th 1929..

• Highest temperature on record : 41.4 C in July.

• The longest sun-hours in Varna occur in July and August, with 331 and 313 hours respectively.

• .The climate in the city’s surroundings is suitable for the cultivation of Mediterranean vegetation. Varna is very appropriate for balneotherapy.

11

Library design

Planning restriction

NORTH

Different

zone

Expanded competition area The expanded competition area includes the public space around the new library building. Suggestions for its development can be park and urban design elements and structures (such as sidewalks, alleys, flowerpots, stairs, ramps, lighting, rest areas, etc.) Techniques for landscaping which ensure different approaches to and. perception of the building can also be applied (such as lowering the terrain, the formation of characteristic landscape elements, etc.).

Expanded area

Underground construction zone The underground construction zone overlaps with the plot’s boundaries. The maximum built-up area for one underground level is 3,700 square meters.

Underground construction area (dark outline) and expanded area (pale outline).

Built-up areas Ground level: maximum built-up area of 2,960 square meters.

Maximum total built-up area of the overground levels (ground level included) 18,500 square meters.

Overground construction area (dashed line), underground construction area and expanded area

12

Library design

Planning restriction

NORTH

Site

context

1

Sidewalk of Osmi Primorski plok blvd

Range of possible overground construction

2

Pedestrian alley

Expanded site areasurrounding spaces

3

ReŃ essed square with entrance to Municipality Hall Varna

plot and range of possible underground construction

5

Surrounding buildings number of floors

Automobile traffic direction

4

5

A

Municipality Hall Varna main entrance

B

Municipality Hall Varna entrance

C

Municipality Hall Varna entrance

D

Approach to reŃ essed square with11 entrance to Municipality Hall Varna

E

Approach to pedestrian area, around Municipality Hall Varna

ReŃ essed square without connection with the surrounding areas Ramp - automobile access to the Municipality Hall Varna underground level

F

Approach to the ramp for automobile access to the Municipality Hall Varna underground level

13

Library design

Planning restriction

NORTH

Building

parameters

Building parameters plot and range of possible underground construction

Plot total area

3,700 sqm.

Range of possible overground construction

Maximum built-up area of the ground floor

2,960 sqm

Expanded site areasurrounding spaces

Maximum built-up area of an underground floor

3,700 sqm

Maximum total built-up area of all over ground

18,500 sqm

levels (ground floor level included) Minimum green area

740 sqm

14

Library design

Seattle

Case studies

public

library

Seattle public library

ARCHITEC : OMA, JOSHUA PRINCE-RAMUS YEAR : 1999 – 2004 LOCATION : SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, UNITED STATES

Mezzanine Function : information and research.

Feature : Two floors.

On the upper floor, a cluster of information desks that architects call the “mixing chamber” or “trading floor”.

The lower floor contains computer labs and meeting rooms.

Headquarters Function : Administration citywide public library ` system.

Feature : Two floor of offices and meeting room. some government publication will be stored hear, and as more are issued in digital format, more office space will become available.

Collection Function : Housing fro nonfiction collection, main reading room.

Feature : A gradual slope -an angle of about 2 degrees-winds through four floors of book stacks.

The idea is to keep the nonfiction collection in one reliable , spacious place and avoid the confusion of shifting books into other room.

Entrance levels Fifth Avenue Function : public space , building entrance, fiction collection, teen area, café.

Feature : Large informal area known as the “ living room” features seating and outlets to plug laptop computers.

Fourth Avenue Function : Main entrance.

Feature : Drop-off lane In front.

Staff level, garage Function : Parking, staff offices, shipping and receiving.

Feature : Staff floor between fourth and fifth avenue levels delivery bays.

15

Library design

Sendai

Case studies

mediathaque

roof Sendai mediatheque

6 level

ARCHITEC : TOYO ITO YEAR : 1998 – 2001 LOCATION : SENDAI, MIYAGI, JAPAN

5 level 4 level 3 level 2 level Library

1 level 0 level

Art studio Function : Auditorium , audio-visual library, art and culture library, staff’s offices, lounge.

Feature : number of office facility for staff and auditorium for seminar and lecture along with that there is studios facilities.

Gallery Function : Gallery A,B,C with foyer and unpacking area.

Feature : Two floors On the upper floor large open gallery which can be adaptable as per need.

On lower floor series of gallery use for exhibition .

Function : Information and research.

Feature : Two floors.

On the upper floor, a cluster of information desks that use for reading.

The lower floor contains series of books with reading area.

Information center Function : Information area, newspapers / magazines, browsing area, children’s area, Feature : Cluster of tables, and computer with rack of newspaper and children books.

Entrance level, Plaza Function : Main entrance, delivery entrance, open-air square, stage, café, information desk, shop.

Feature : Large informal area open for public.

16

Library design

Case studies

Comparative

analysis

Seattle public library

Inferences

Sendai mediatheque

Location

Preferable location of the site of this kind of building should be at the core of the city.

Structure

Structure of the building should be such as that it make space that modification or expansion of space can be possible.

Flexibility of space

To make space more flexible and interactive, wall or visual barrier should be minimum

.

Form

Form of the building should be expandable and relation between the nature to building can be improve.

Connection To nature

Both architect try to opted for a frank transparency towards the environment.

17

Library design

Programme

Programme Net area (sq.m)

Working positions

1.0

Main lobby and public services (open access)

1.1

Entrance area

680

Entrance area and main lobby

240

Registration and information

20

24/7 Book return depositories

20

Cloakroom with 300 person capacity and 100 personal lockers

60

1

Information hall

60

5

40

2

60

1

Copy center Seattle public library

Souvenir shop Restrooms and service closets

1.2

40

Security (Control room)

20

Lobby Exhibition area

ARCHITEC : OMA, JOSHUA PRINCE-RAMUS YEAR : 1999 – 2004 LOCATION : SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, UNITED STTES

Auditorium

1.4

2

640

Exhibition area storage

1.3

120

General purpose storage

Events

2

120 160 20 240

Dressing rooms, restrooms and bathrooms

60

Stage storage

40

Meet, study, work

200

320

Individual and group work spaces

80

20

Conference rooms

80

24

Hobby zone

80

20

Training center

80

20

Cafeteria

160

Customer service area

120

Kitchenette

20

Storage

20

Total net (clear) area

50

1 800 18

Library design

2.0 2.1

Reading area (controlled access) Entrance area

positions

340 2

Self check-in terminals

40

20

Serials desk

80

20

Printing services

20

1

IT Lab

60

15

Children

120 1 200

Book collection and reading places

900

15

Reading, games and events

160

30

Area for parents

20

10

Circulation and reference desk

20

3

100

20

Teenagers

1 700

Book collection and reading places

1 300

Reference books and reading areas

80

Study and individual work area

2.4

Working

20

Outdoor reading and playing area 2.3

Net area (s`q.m)

Circulation and reference desk

Restrooms and service closets 2.2

Programme

25

180

45

Hobby zone

80

20

Circulation and reference desk

20

3

Office to circulation and reference desk

20

2

Office of Children and Teenagers’ sections supervisor

20

1

Adults

2 440

Book collection and reading places

1 300

25

Reference books and reading areas

300

Individual reading areas

600

200

Group work areas

120

32

Individual reading cubicles

60

10

Circulation and reference desk

20

3

19

Library design

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

Programme

Office to circulation and reference desk

20

2

Office of Adults sections supervisor

20

1

Arts and Media center

720

Collection

300

10

Arts and Media center

100

25

Circulation and reference desk

20

3

Office of supervisor

20

1

Local storage

280

American corner

240

Library items collection

140

Hobby zone

80

20

Circulation and reference desk

20

1

Deutsche Lesesaal

240

Library items collection

140

Hobby zone

80

20

Circulation and reference desk

20

1

Specialized reading areas

480

Local history reading area

80

Local history local storage

2.9

320

Rare and valuable documents reading area

20

Rare and valuable documents local storage

40

Circulation and reference desk

20

Open air reading

140

Outdoor area with reading places

140

Total net (clear) area

20

5

1

30

7 500

20

Library design

3.0

Main storage facility (restricted access) Library main storage facility

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

Net area (sq.m)

Working positions

4 960

Work room

20

2

Bookbinding, restoration, conservation

20

1

Total net (clear) area

4.0

Programme

Library administrative area (restricted access) Acquisition section

5 000 Net area (sq.m) 180

Incoming materials receiving area

40

Storage for new materials

80

Office

60

Cataloguing and processing

6

140

Office

60

Catalogued items processing area

40

Traditional catalogues-staff-only

40

Information technolоgy

Working positions

6

120

Head of department office

20

1

Office

40

4

Technology, repairs, storage

20

Digital laboratory

40

Reference and bibliographic section&Expert consultancy

140

Head of department office

20

1

Bibliographical reference and local history

60

6

Expert consultancy

20

2

Local storage

40

Administration Library director office

180 40

1 21

Library design

4.6

4.7

Programme

Conference room

60

20

Finance accounting and HR oďŹƒce

40

4

Financial archive

20

Library archive

20 120

General sta area Cloakroom and lockers

20

Break rooms

60

Restrooms and service closets

40

Technical and service areas

120

Installation room

60

Server room

20

Technical inventory storage

20

Sanitation storage

20

Total net (clear) area

1 000

Total net (clear) area of all functional areas of the overground construction

15 300

sq m

Maximum total built-up area of overground construction*

18 500

sq m

AR E A OF UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTI O N

5.0

Public underground garage

5.1

Parking spots (300-350)

5.2

Manoeuvre zone and vertical communication

Total built-up area of the public underground garage

11 100

sq m

22

Library design

Drawings

NORTH

Site

plan

23

Library design

Drawings

NORTH

Ground

floor

plan

24

Library design

Drawings

NORTH

First

floor

plan

25

Library design

Drawings

NORTH

Second

floor

plan

26

Library design

Drawings

NORTH

Third

floor

plan

27

Library design

Drawings

NORTH

Forth/Fifth

floor

plan

28

Library design

Drawings

NORTH

Sixth/Seven

floor

plan

29

Library design

Drawings

NORTH

Eight

floor

plan

30

Library design

Exploded

Drawings

programmatic

axo

31

Library design

Drawings

views

32