Edward Fung Ngai Chi Portfolio by PDF Uploads

STAGE 3 ACADEMIC PORTFOLIO FUNG NGAI CHI EDWARD | 180366439 STUDIO 4 | HOUSE OF MEMORIES

BA (HONS) ARCHITECTURE | NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY | 2020 - 2021

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ILLUSTRATED REFLECTIVE DIARY

HOUSE OF SENSORY

01 FRAMING

02 GROUP SITE ANALYSIS

03 TESTING

04 SYNTHESIS

UNDERSTANDING DEMENTIA

CAMPUS FOR AGEING & VITALITY WESTGATE ROAD NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE

DESIGN ITERATIONS

FINAL PROPOSAL

FUNG NGAI CHI EDWARD | 180366439 STAGE 3 ACADEMIC PORTFOLIO 2020 - 2021 BA (HONS) ARCHITECTURE NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY STUDIO 4 | HOUSE OF MEMORIES STUDIO LEADERS | NEVEEN HAMZA & STUART FRANKLIN

CULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

REFERENCES

LIST OF FIGURES

Refined Work After Synthesis Review

PORTFOLIO INTRODUCTION

ILLUSTRATED REFLECTIVE DIARY

The process of learning about designing for dementia and actually applying the knowledge has been an informative and interesting journey. It makes me rethink the responsibility of an architect and the potential benefits good architectural designs could bring to the society. I was eager to join this studio earlier in this academic year. Apart from personal experience, where one of my relatives has early onset Alzheimer’s disease, I was intrigued with the relationship between architecture and dementia. The project throughout the year is down to earth and deeply rooted into contributing and improving the quality of life of the vulnerable group who forms part of our society. Unlike previous year, where I felt that the design was heavily driven by abstract theories and disconnected with the necessary needs of the current society, designing for dementia challenges me to raise questions regarding the appropriacy of existing ‘dementia-friendly’ buildings.

Architectural environmental response to the current climate change problems is another important studio agenda. I also strongly agree that architects have to bear considerable responsibility and recognise the cause-and-effect relationship between building designs and climate change. The project provided the opportunity to apply sustainable measures that could improve both the users experience and the wider society.

However, the more I critique and analysis what is right and what is needed for dementia design, I began to realise the contradicting aspects of this project. For instances, patients need the provision of at least 500lux of natural light, yet there should not have sharp contrasting shadows and instead create a uniform gradient of shade; the dementia ward requires a controlled and secured zone, yet the studio encourages us to think about the implementation of intergenerational interactions and how can the ward be integrated into the wider community.

Fig1.

The user centric aspect allows me to think from the patients’ perspective. My solution to some of the contradicting elements derived from my exploration of materiality and sensory stimulation; not only the visual, but also scent, taste and touch, which are common day to day experience, yet to me, an unfamiliar design approach. I became consciously aware of the surrounding senses – what sorts of sense are subtle and pleasant. This led to the decision of specifically focusing on the process of coffee making (bean to cup) and planting – the appreciation of nature.

Fig2.

DEMENTIA CARE UNIT – ROKER AND MOWBRAY

The introduction of environmental simulation software into the design phase is an important experience for me. It shows consideration with evidence. More importantly, these are crucial design tools to enhance user experience and wellbeing. The generated results guide me to make necessary adjustments and design decisions regarding the massing, plan arrangements and sectional quality. It has helped me to progress and develop the design with justifications when I was feeling stuck. Engaging with environmental response has pushed me to look further into current technologies, e.g., building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) and different building fabrics (and not only think about common materials, e.g., concrete, bricks, steel etc.). Since last year, I have always been interested in the integration of technology into design, whether it is the design details, construction sequence or material exploration. In the technology module, I have looked into BIPV – how to implement it to create a seamless design language; how to maximise its efficiency through design orientation, pitch, solar cells technology; and also understanding its limits. Apart from applying renewable to the building, I have also considered other means to achieve environmental-friendly design. For instance, recycling demolished building waste and reusing construction waste worldwide to form the foundation (vibrated stone pile technology); the time spent on researching different construction details and modern-day technology to reduce the use of high embodied CO2 materials has been awarding and I felt the increasing maturity and development of my design process.

Fig5.

Fig6. (Taken from Tech)

Fig7.

Looking through different timber construction, especially from Shigeru Ban’s projects, I am fascinated by the versatility of timber as a material. The combination of simple traditional boltin connection and nowadays prefabricated technology could achieve a lot; the structure itself becomes an important part of the design language and aesthetics. Moreover, the material itself conveys a certain warmth and visual appeal that fits dementia design. Fig8. (Taken from Tech)

Fig3.

Fig4.

PORTFOLIO INTRODUCTION ILLUSTRATED REFLECTIVE DIARY

I have always struggled to understand what it means by designing in context. It has always been a challenge to translate the understanding of the site into architectural design. For instance, what does it mean by having a design that is culturally appropriate; or what do you gain from learning the history of the site and thus how could architecture respond accordingly? It is a shame that I could not personally visit and experience the site this year. I could only judge base on photographs and videos provided by my group mates. As such, the design in context became even more challenging. The difficulty of the issue even escalated in regards to implementing an intergenerational space that connects to the local community. In theory into practice module, I researched into ‘Sense of Place’, it offered a ground for me to explore and develop. Quoting from my own essay (Fung, 2021), “the theory suggests that a built environment provides opportunities for an individual’s proactive behaviour, participation and response depending on how the individual perceives the properties of the place within his/her abilities, intentions and knowledge… As such, the design should require an understanding of the socio-cultural context of the site, in this case in Newcastle. Questions such as, what are the local common hobbies; are there any specific social activities or routine activities; what are their living habits and environment?” In other words, the intention of making use of a common routine and offer a sense of familiarity to draw the locals and connect with the wider community.

01 FRAMING

Fig9.

UNDERSTANDING DEMENTIA

The framing stage is when I first learn about the elements of dementia-friendly designs. The studio introduces the importance of triggering memory, emphasising nostalgia and encourage social interaction, especially cross generation. Above all, to slow down the progression of dementia disease and respect patients’ rights in regards to their sense of identity, dignity and independence. The ultimate goal, where patients can retake control of their lives to live freely and proactively engage and enjoy day to day interactions and activities. We had lectures presented by medical staff and architects on dementia designs. We also started to apply our newly learnt knowledge and critique, analysis and learn from dementia care facility precedents worldwide. I have looked specifically into precedents from Japan and compare the cultural differences and perspectives towards dementia. The thematic case study offers a great opportunity to compare the differences between normal medical healthcare facility and a dementia-specific design. It gave insights on how to achieve a balance between architectural aesthetics and dementia-friendly elements. The project began with a pod design exercise. It is a micro scale and essential summary of dementia design; It is an exercise to allow us to apply our knowledge into architectural language. Eventually, the project expanded towards the macro scale by first analysing the site and declare our specific intergeneration program. It was a fluid design transition from the inside to outside. This process is crucial in order to capture the importance of dementia specific elements, e.g., 5 axis of vision from bed head, material and colour contrast etc.

Fig10.

Fig11.

Fig12. (Taken from Tech)

DEMENTIA STATISTICS

DEMENTIA SPECIFIC CRITERIA

BACKGROUND RESEARCH | STATISTICS

DESIGN GUIDELINES

PROVIDE A SAFE ENVIRONMENT

PROVIDE OPTIMUM LEVELS OF STIMULATION

PROVIDE OPTIMUM LIGHTNING & CONTRAST

PROVIDE A NON-INSTITUTIONAL SCALE AND ENVIRONMENT

SUPPORT ORIENTATION

SUPPORT WAY-FINDING AND NAVIGATION

PROVIDE ACCESS TO NATURE AND THE OUTDOORS

PROMOTE ENGAGEMENT WITH FRIENDS, RELATIVES AND STAFF

PROVIDE GOOD VISIBILITY AND VISUAL ACCESS

PROMOTE PRIVACY, DIGNITY AND INDEPENDENCE

PROMOTE PHYSICAL AND MEANINGFUL ACTIVITIES

SUPPORT DIET, NUTRITION AND HYDRATION

CURRENT SITUATION

Fig13.

There are currently around 850,000 people with dementia in UK. This is a concerning social issue, as the society is moving towards an aging population. The number of patients are projected to rise to 1.6 million by 2040. However, there are insufficient proper dementia-specific infrastructure. A quarter of hospital beds are occupied by dementia patients (age above 65). The medical burden would only increase if measures are not taken seriously.

TAKEN FROM HEALTH BUILDING NOTE 08-02 | DEMENTIA-FRIENDLY HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE ENVIRONMENTS

PRECEDENT STUDY | WORLD ALZHEIMER REPORT 2020

VOLUME 2: CASE STUDIES | JAPANESE RESIDENTIAL CARE CENTRES

CRITICAL ANALYSIS & REFLECTION

ANDANCHI RESIDENCE

GINMOKUSEI URAYASU

Design Features/ Elements

Provision of communal spaces

Safety features like fences, door locks and other barriers to movement are prohibited;

Garden

Candy shop

They take the risk that people with dementia who wanders out might get lost; “if you go out and get lost, we all go out to search”

Shared living space & kitchen

Fire place (Wood burning stove in the common room)

Open to local communities: residents and children

Concealing doors that are not intended for resident use have not been addressed/ considered not important to the culture & concept of the building

Provide a calming, relaxing environment There are cases in which calmness is restored by watching the fire and enjoying the smell of firewood

Candy shop at the entrance - Promotes cross-generation interaction

(sensory stimulation/ positive distraction)

CULTURAL COMPARISON

Fig14.

Fig15.

ANDANCHI RESIDENCE | AQT DESIGN STUDIO

GINMOKUSEI URAYASU | SILVERWOOD JP

It is not built specifically for dementia patient, but it provides a good insight in creating a close-knit community/ neighbourhood where various groups of people, including local residents, children, elderly and people with disabilities, can gather and interact with each other. The institutions are built around a man-built landscape garden, where outdoor activities can be held to promote cross-generation interaction.

A lot of dementia patients live here. The company has created 12 similar dementia residential care homes around Japan. Their design approach and philosophy in looking at the topic of dementia is very uncommon. They encourage dementia patients to perform tasks independently and are free to wander around the building without supervisors. The company stress on the importance of maintaining their dignity, independence and self-worth.

I specifically looked at Japanese design response to dementia, and compare their projects with UK to see whether there are differences. I realised that culture plays a very significant role in designing dementia specific projects. Cultural identity informs the design language, threshold and even philosophy. In UK, I found that most projects strictly follows a set of regulations, to the point where many infrastructures become very institutional and clinical. It certainly ensures safety and security. However, in Japan, from what I have seen, they emphasise the importance of ‘individual well-being over safety’, It refers to the patient’s sense of identity, achievement, dignity and independence.

A lot of attention has been paid to the engagement of the residents “Engaged in work-giving activities” (paid-jobs) - Residents with dementia can work at restaurants in the building - Cleaning inside the building - Office work

Tatami rooms traditional Japanese culture Native to the people

Architecture design language: traditional Japanese housing -

Sliding wall dividers(panels)

Material use

Office

Many relaxing places outside the building; clear access to outdoor spaces at the end of the corridors

The double door entrance is slightly too opaqued, and blends with the wall (camouflaged)

Staff cannot easily see the attendees from where they spend most of their time. Views are often obstructed. Poor passive surveillance

Lack emphasis on creating engagement destinations at the end of corridors (dead ends)

CRITICAL ANALYSIS

BLURRING THE LINE

Overall, in accordance to the UK standards, there are a few areas neglected in the design. There aren’t any contrasting floors and walls in terms of colour or materials, or camouflaged furnitures - lack of priorities in designing for those who have visual impairment. However, in terms of use of space and design language. The built environment feels familiar to the dementia patients - a homely living condition similar to how they are used to live in. The rooms are designed with respect to the traditional Japanese culture, for instance, having tatami floorings. In addition, they promote opportunities for cross generation activities.

In UK, projects prioritise safety and security, while in Japan, they emphasise the importance of ‘self’. As such, often times, UK projects become too clinical, which give a bad impression to visitors and patients. On the other hand, Japanese designs are prone to risk and accidents The comparison provided an area for enquiry - can the design incorporate the two.

The doors (staff doors) that are not intended to be used by people with dementia are not camouflaged

Fig16.

PRECEDENT STUDY | THEMATIC CASE STUDY

SENSE OF SELF & PLACE FAMILIARITY

MAGGIE’S CENTRE LEEDS & DE HOGEWEYK WEESP

Overview Both precedents have priorities in creating a non-clinical environment. The spaces are designed and furniture are arranged to create a sense of familiarity, where people would feel the experience of being at home. A comfortable and relaxed environment that complement the provision of emotional, social and practical support for both the patients and families. However dementiarelated projects strongly emphasis individuals’ past experiences - habits, hobbies and living environment etc.

Introduction This section will be a comparison between the case study (Maggie’s Centre Leeds) and a dementia-specific precedent (De Hogeweyk Weesp). Despite both precedents have similar healthcare program and are therapeutic places for emotional healing and communal support, dementia-related designs have prioritised specific ‘design principles‘ and design considerations. The following pages would study the similarities and differences in terms of

Figure 8. Built in Shelves for Personal Objects

1. Sense of Self & Place Familiarity 2. Spatial Arrangements: Access to Outdoors

Figure 9. Front Entrance - Glazed Facade

De Hogeweyk Weesp

3. Degree of Enclosure and Security Figure 1. Maggie Centre Site Plan

The complex has different tailored lifestyle quarters. The interior

Figure 2. De Hogeweyk Site Plan

design, household decorations and furniture match a specific theme. These themes are based around the common living habits, hobbies and living environment in The Netherlands. The residents who shared similar interests Figure 12. Cultural Room Lifestyle

Brief Summary - De Hogeweyk De Hogeweyk is constructed in Weesp, The Netherlands, as a private residential neighbourhood for elderly residents with dementia. Molenaar&Bol&vanDillen Architects, said ‘we do not design buildings but an independent residential area,’ in response to this specific project. The project is derived from the concept of ‘Dementia Village’ - a neighbourhood that defies traditional clinical care homes, and bases the design scheme on building contextually familiar living conditions, such that the residents could remain active and positively engage with their daily lives.

and backgrounds would be assigned to respective

quarters. It encourages residents to support and look after each other, and accentuate the sense of self and collective identity.

Figure 10. Rear Entrance - Glazed Facade

Maggie’s Centre Leeds It exhibits the idea of ‘The Kitchen is the Heart of a Home’. Direct visual connection to the kitchen from the entrances. A welcoming and inviting spatial gesture, unlike typical clinical arrangements where one will arrive upon a reception table. Users can place their personal objects to decorate the shelves that are built into the walls (between the timber fins) and staircases.

Similar shared bungalow floor layout - a living condition and environment they used to live in. The schedule of accommodation are arranged on the ground floor.

Figure 11. Sight lines Diagram (Plan)

Figure 13. Artisan Room Lifestyle

Figure 3. De Hogeweyk Aerial View

Reflective Summary Aside from personal objects and household decorations, perhaps we could experiment with different colour schemes - the understanding of warm and cold colours in complementing the overall atmospheric experience. Or perhaps investigate different combination of textural qualities. However, it is important to construct a ‘contextually’ and ‘culturally’ appropriate environment, such that people with dementia would less likely to feel agitated and cause harm to oneself. Dementia-related designs are highly user-centric, which require greater attention to individual conditions and past experiences. People do not think in terms of buildings, interiors and landscapes. They see the complete picture and experience its quality accordingly. (Molenaar&Bol&VanDillen architects)

Figure 4. Social Gathering

Figure 5. Communal Activities

Figure 6. Grocery Shopping

Figure 14. Creating a Supportive Community

Figure 15. Floor Layout Comparison

The spatial designs are there to provide opportunities for them to feel like living the moment.

Figure 7. De Hogeweyk Floor Plans

SPATIAL ARRANGEMENTS: ACCESS TO OUTDOORS

DEGREE OF ENCLOSURE AND SECURITY

Overview

This section is a brief study of the relationship between the indoors and outdoors with reference to the precedents. Both precedents provide sensory pleasure in terms of sight – visual connection with greenery. However, when designing for people with dementia, many researches have shown the benefits of creating adequate and controlled sensory stimulation in terms of smell, touch, sound and taste. It is a therapeutic measure for them to reminisce about positive past experiences.

The precedents exhibit a contrasting difference in terms of the level of enclosure and security. This is represented in the form of massing arrangements, circulation and facades materiality. The differences can be explained simply due to the needs of the users. People with dementia require a more sophisticated level of monitoring and surveillance in response to their personal safety. ‘Living together is essential here but always from a private, safe place.’ (Molenaar&Bol&VanDillen architects) However, with regards to our design project, this becomes an enquiry and opportunity for us to challenge its appropriacy and relevance.

Figure 21. Visual Connection with Outdoor Spaces

Figure 16. Main Entrance - Psychological Threshold

Figure 17. Porch | Rear Entrance

De Hogeweyk Weesp

Maggie’s Centre Leeds

The outdoor spaces are surrounded by the residential quarters. The common rooms have direct access and visual connection to outdoor spaces. The complex prioritises in creating a controlled and circulated pathway with pausing moments along and at the end of a path destination. When designing for people with dementia, long narrow streets or corridors designs have to be carefully considered such that it would not cause them to experience spatial disorientation and entrapment.

The activity areas are arranged to have constant visual

Figure 18. Kitchen

connection with the surrounding greenery by adding glazed

Figure 26. Massing Boundary Diagram - Protective Layer

facades. The cascading green roof is an attempt to follow

Figure 27. External Access Diagram

the landscape and physically blend the architecture within. The path and bench in front of the main entrance is a psychological threshold between the inside and outside.

Figure 19. Sight Lines Diagram (Section)

Having known to have diagnosed cancer would cause distress. It is a physical form of comfort and preparation for people to accept reality and enjoy living the moment.

These pausing moments are designed to engage with the residents and promote social interaction and exercises. It considers various sensory pleasure - sound (water features), touch (movable large chess pieces), smell (plants &flowers)

Figure 28. Section AA - Massing Boundary

Figure 25. Maggie Centre - Free Flow Circulation Diagram | Greenery as soft boundaries to guide the path

Figure 24. De Hogeweyk Bubble Diagram

Reflective Summary

Both studies have given insights into adjacencies of rooms and outdoor spaces. Maggie’s Centre has shown how greenery can create soft boundaries to guide a specific route. Whereas, in De Hogeweyk, the massing becomes a hard boundary that create a circulated wandering path and activity spaces.

Due to the symptoms in dementia, most dementia-related infrastructures are designed to be private. The limited connectivity and access visually and physically with the external contexts has zoned out the dementia village. It becomes a private isolated island with occasional visitors in the midst of a residential area.

Sight is a dominant sense. The green roofs and gardening around Maggie’s Centre seem to be visually pleasing for ordinary people. However, in the lens of an advanced dementia patient, this perhaps become overstimulating; they may confuse it with ghostly silhouette and thus feel agitated. This brings to my interest in investigating and designing around the sense of smell. A challenge to creating subtle yet pleasing scent; and how to spread it around a building.

A question of whether there can be a way to integrate both precedents - a publicly open yet controlled living spaces. In our design project, we start to research different approaches in creating spaces that encourage intergenerational opportunities. How can we create spaces, where the wider communities, including the youths, can understand dementia people; and ideally nurture a culture, in which people of different ages would respect and support each other? And an environment, where people with dementia to live for each day, and live in the moment.

Figure 23. Sensory Pleasure: Engaging with built environment

Figure 29. Section BB - Massing Boundary

Figure 20. Maggie’s Centre Bubble Diagram

Figure 22. Pausing Moments: Promoting social interaction

Figure 30. ‘Walled’ off Facade

Figure 31. Viewed by Surrounding High Residential Buildings

PROJECT DESIGN DECLARATION

RESIDENTIAL POD DESIGN

STUDIO MANIFESTO | CENTRAL THEMES

DESIGN PRINCIPLES | ARRANGEMENT

AT-HOMENESS & PLACE FAMILIARITY

INTERGENERATION OPPORTUNITIES

PROMOTING SENSE OF SELF

BLURRING BOUNDARIES

Creating a welcoming and homely living environment for the dementia patients, and minimising their stress of adapting to a new place.

Designing spaces that promotes social encounters between various groups, especially the youth and elderly. Nurturing a supportive and respectful culture.

SUNLIGHT & NATURAL VENTILATION

Fig18.

Fig17.

POD PARTITIONS DIAGRAM

ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE DESIGNS

SPREADING AWARENESS

ENHANCING BUILDING PERFORMANCE & WELL-BEING

EDUCATING THE NATURE OF DEMENTIA

Responding to the environmental aspects, such as sun path and wind speed, and creating a responsive massing design to provide comfort for the users.

Learning about the nature of dementia and understanding how to design buildings through the lens of a dementia patient.

There are list of guidelines when designing the dementia pod. There are 5 major visual connections that must be addressed. As it prompts necessary visual cues for the patients.

PLACE FOR VISITORS TO STAY

Fig19.

1. Toilet Seat 2. Main Entrance Door 3. External Views 4. Television 5. Activity Area The design have to also consider a space for visitors to stay overnight and spend time with the patients. Sensory walls should be designed as an adequate sensory stimulating activity for the patients, guided by family members or carers.

PERSONALISATION - INDIVIDUAL IDENTITY

Fig20.

RESIDENTIAL POD DESIGN

INITIAL TESTING | SELF CRITIQUE

DESIGN ELEMENTS

Fig22.

REFLECTION At first, I thought about how the pods can connect and stack with each other. The initial concept of a honeycomb like configuration to build a closely connected community. However, as I continue to develop, I encountered a lot technical/ dimensional difficulties when drafting a floor plan. The spaces created would cause necessary risk hazards and dead unusable spaces. The interior layout would be inefficient.

Fig21.

Fig23.

Fig24.

WINDOW SILL SEATING AREA

‘SEMI - ENCLOSED’ BALCONY

The idea of creating a comfortable area for patients to enjoy the external views. A way to blur the boundary between the interior and exterior, encouraging patients to go out and socialise or do exercises.

As the pod could potential be built above ground floors, the design needs to address the safety measures of creating balcony. The idea of using plants and simple gardening to create soft boundaries and high railings, such that the patient would not be able to climb over.

RESIDENTIAL POD DESIGN

INITIAL DEVELOPMENT

SENSORY WALL

Fig27.

SENSORY WALL COLLAGE Chalkboard, magnetic whiteboard, cork board and a decorative calender are considered to create a interactive drawable wall Fig26.

FIRST POD DRAFT The patient bed is my starting point of the design. Other spaces are arranged around the bed, while also conscious of ensuring the major sight lines. Wheelchair turning space is considered, leaving 1.5m diameter around entrances. Window is added next to the main entrance for passive surveillance. The toilet with shower layout strictly follows the UK standard dimensions from the building regulation document. Several issues that need to be addressed - spaces for television and other activity (possibly a desk/ wall board for drawing). The pod could allow more generous spacings.

Fig25.

I also started to think about how the pod would connect to the external ward. For stance, the relation to main entrance, corridor space and outdoor space.

Fig29. Fig28.

SENSORY WALL | TEXTURES

SENSORY WALL COLLAGE

Wood planks, rammed earth, cotton string, leather, cork and carpet textures are considered to create different sensory experience.

RESIDENTIAL POD DESIGN FURTHER REFINEMENT

02 GROUP SITE ANALYSIS CAMPUS FOR AGEING AND VITALITY WESTGATE ROAD NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE

Fig30.

Fig31.

HISTORY

SITE CONDITIONS | PHOTOGRAPHS

PRE 1839 SITE PLAN

1839

GROUP SITE ANALYSIS

New Purpose-Built Workhouses

1868

GROUP SITE ANALYSIS

New Infirmary

- The Newcastle Upon Tyne Board of Guardians decided to replace the existing workhouses - Included were an administrative block, dining hall, laundry, bakehouse, workshops, sick wards, etc.

The buildings on the site are demolished, leaving an empty field. There are two rows of tress in the top middle of the site. The trees along Brighton Grove and Westgate should not be removed. At the north of the site remains a one storey high building. It is currently unused, which could be a potential opportunity for refurbishment and connect to the wider neighbourhood.

1910 - 1930

1868 - 1902

- A new 2-storey high infirmary (U-shaped) was built - 8 wards and 3 semi-basement wards on the north and east site

CURRENT

1868 - 1902 SITE PLAN

Fig33.

New Children Block - A separate children’s block was built between the New workhouse and infirmary - Included were dayrooms, playground, dormitories, swimming pool, etc. New Wards – New Usage – Rename - The children were moved to another place, the block was used for workhouse’s aged and infirm inmates - New Vagrants’ Wards - During WW1, the workhouse became a place for treating soldiers - 1921, the hospital renamed as Wingrove Hospital - 1930, the council took over the whole site and named it Newcastle General Hospital Current Site – Dementia Ward Project

1930 SITE PLAN Fig32.

GROUP SITE ANALYSIS

PHYSICAL | BOUNDARIES & CONSTRAINTS

CIRCULATION & ACCESS | NOISE

There are fences around the site, complement by a soft boundary of trees. At the north, perpendicular to the only remaining existing building, has a 2 to 3 meters high wall that separated the Newcastle General Hospital campus and the local residential area. The site has a gradual slope towards the south side.

ZONES SEGREGATION DIAGRAM

SITE RESTRICTIONS DIAGRAM

SECTION CUT

Fig34.

Fig35.

1:500 SECTION AA

CIRCULATION DIAGRAM | ACCESS | TRAFFIC

NOISE DIAGRAM

NOISE COLLAGE

Heavy traffic along the Westgate road and around the Brighton grove. There are several public transport stops near the site.

1:500 SECTION BB Fig36.

GROUP SITE ANALYSIS

ENVIRONMENTAL | SUN PATH | PREVAILING WIND

SOCIAL | COMMUNITIES

The area is consists of multi cultural communities, age groups and religions. There are several restaurants with different cuisines. Schools are within 15 mins of walk. Multiple grocery shopping locations. A couple of youth related institutions. There a few churches around the site, mostly christian community. A couple community organisations that support minorities and respect women rights

COMMUNITY BUILDINGS DIAGRAM

SUN PATH DIAGRAM | SUMMER SOLSTICE

SUN PATH DIAGRAM | WINTER SOLSTICE

HOSPITAL LOCALE DIAGRAM

Fig38.

PREVAILING WIND DIAGRAM

MULTI - CULTURAL & GENERATION DIAGRAMS

Fig37.

LOCAL NEIGHBOURHOOD DIAGRAM

LANDMARKS DIAGRAM

Fig39.

GROUP SITE ANALYSIS

INITIAL MASSING & PROGRAM

MATERIALITY

INITIAL DESIGN FEATURES & IDEAS

Fig40.

TACTILITY

COURTYARD SKETCH

GLAZED CORRIDOR

WARP AROUND THE TREES

As I have not been to the site, I could only identify the materials base on pictures. Bricks and stones are prominent on the site. Base on the photographs my group mates have taken, I have found that most of them are rigid, rough and follow a certain pattern.

A space that could potential be designed as a park for patients and visitors.

Glazed facade along the Brighton Grove to provide visual connection with the external urban environment. Creating an activity corridor that is opened to the locals.

The idea of wrapping the building mass around the existing tress in the middle of the site. Thus, creating a sensory garden sheltered by the tree. The patients could touch the texture of the tree and relax around the garden - similar approach to designing a sensory wall.

Fig41.

INITIAL MASSING & PROGRAM

INITIAL TESTING | SELF CRITIQUE

SCHEDULE OF ACCOMMODATION

PUBLIC (Open to Local Residents) Reception Waiting Area Parking Lot WC (Male & Female & Disabled)

Fig43.

Fig42.

FIRST MASSING SKETCH

REFLECTION

The initial massing design was first revolved around the trees on the site. The medical buildings (mainly for staff)are mostly orientated along the Brighton Grove to act as a sound barrier to the busy traffic. While also having a glazed corridor along the road to prompt possible intergenerational activities. The medical buildings are arranged in a way that is surrounding the common rooms and are 1 storey higher for passive surveillance around the courtyard.

I have to think about what specific intergeneration activities on the ward. Spatial arrangements and schedule of accommodation need to be considered more specifically. Access points for emergency, waste collection and local visitors need to be addressed. And above all, start to divide the spaces into different zones from private - semi private - public spaces.

LIST OF PROGRAMS

RECOMMENDED MINIMUM SPACE (m. sq.) 5 10 20 Parking Bays + 2 Disabled Bays 20

INTER-GENERATION Café Training Room Coffee Roastery Room Therapeutic Garden Gardening Equipment Storage WC (Male & Female)

50 10 5 50 12 10

PRIVATE (Patient Specific) Common Rooms Dining Rooms Multi-Purpose Activity Rooms Pantry Quiet Rooms WC (Male & Female & Disable) Sensory Garden Residential Pods

30 30 20 8 12 25 30 10 Male & 10 Female

PRIVATE (Medical Purpose) Medical Assessment Room Equipment Storage Emergency Room

12 4 6

PRIVATE (Staff Only) Laundrette Room Central Kitchen (incl. WC + Food Storage) Pantry Locker + Changing Room (Male & Female) Ward Manager Room Meeting Room Cleaning Storage

6 56 10 24 8 15 4

UTILITY Elevator Stairs

6 6

Fig44.

DIMENSIONS

INITIAL MASSING & PROGRAM

FURTHER DEVELOPMENT

BUILDING A NARRATIVE | RESEARCH - AROMATHERAPY AND SCENT

REFLECTION I need to further develop the bubble diagrams into floor plans and start to think about how to divide the common rooms. During this process, I should also consider adaptability - how to create necessary wall dividers to separate spaces/ enlarge an activity space. Further development on the specific intergeneration activities and create a narrative of the ward - what is the central theme around the ward that I would want to promote and differ from other dementia projects. Fig45.

AROMATHERAPY It is a treatment that uses natural plant extract - aromatic essential oil to enhance one’s physical and mental wellbeing. However, researches on its benefits on dementia patients have shown mixed results, there are some positive cases, but mostly little to no effects, worst case possible, it causes agitation. I am more interested with the idea of using scent & natural fragrance to develop a narrative of the place.

FURTHER RESEARCH There are mixed cultural communities that enjoy a daily cup of coffee, and traditionally in UK, tea drinking has become an authentic habit/ hobby. I would like to further emphasise the process of coffee making from planting, roasting, brewing and even coffee art. Brewing coffee & tea from scratch is a slow and relaxing process, and in some way therapeutic as patients could gradually smell the aroma of coffee beans or tea leaves. Although it is near impossible to grow coffee beans on this site specifically, it could still be used in gardening.

GROUND FLOOR BUBBLE DIAGRAM

APPLICATION Coffee-making training can be open to both patients and local communities. The idea to expose the coffee roastery and coffee making process in the cafe can become a center of attraction, while educating the nature of dementia. The activity could promote a slow, relaxing daily hobby for the patients. They could even taste their own results and feel a sense of achievement.

FIRST FLOOR BUBBLE DIAGRAM 34

Fig47.

ACTIVITY PROCESS COLLAGE

Fig46.

INITIAL MASSING & PROGRAM BUILDING A NARRATIVE | RESEARCH - HORTICULTURAL THERAPY

HORTICULTURAL THERAPY (HT) It refers to the engagement of a person in gardening and plant-based activities (American Horticultural Therapy Association). HT is widely accepted for most dementia patients as it invites them to multiple sensory stimulation, sight, touch, smell. In addition, it allows them to experience nature while learning new skill sets, which further emphasise the sense of self worth and achievement.

03 TESTING

FURTHER RESEARCH I have research the commonly used plant types in HT. Fragrant plants such as mint, lavenders and lemon balm are widely used and can be grown in UK without intensive care. Moreover, they can be used as nature perfume and in coffee & tea brewing. They provide a wide range of possibilities for arts & crafts, plant-based activities and cooking & brewing.

DESIGN ITERATIONS

The testing stage majorly includes the design iterations of massing, plan and section designs. The development of the project was supported by the use of environmental simulation tools. The design process of the orientation and arrangement of the floor plans was very challenging. The inclusion of internal and external wandering paths as necessity in dementia design have to be guided, controlled and safe due to the nature of dementia disease. At the same time, we have to consider the spatial relationship between the wandering paths and the circulation of visitors/ family members. I struggled a lot in organising the arrangements of the residential pods. I made a series of adjustments such that the pods are prioritised in receiving the maximum natural light from the south. The envimet software helps to analyse the wind speed and thermal comfort of the users, and in response refine the massing strategy to allow natural ventilation for cooling during the summer, whilst blocking the northern cold wind during the winter. The thinking through making exercise is very helpful. It inspires me to explore further into the structural language and material use. It offers an alternative perspective into implementing sustainable designs; through efficient construction sequence, material usage. Despite not being able to incorporating the model elements into the final proposal, the exercise helps to brainstorm and reconsider alternate design approach.

APPLICATION HT can be incorporated into the daily activity schedule. In my case of building a narrative around the place, the therapeutic gardening area could allow local residents to join and engage in planting activities with the dementia patients. The idea of creating ‘planting buddies’ - pairing local communities with dementia patients. As they take care of the plants and watch them grow, so does their supportive and respectful bonds. Ultimately, nurture a well-informed neighbourhood on the nature of dementia and a supportive living environment.

Fig48.

ACTIVITY PROCESS COLLAGE

CONCEPTUAL SECTION SKETCH SECTIONAL ELEMENTS

Provide areas for simple gardening as a day to day activity for patients

Provide opportunities and encourage social interactions within the building

Encourage intergenerational interaction

Access for all design Ramp design for wheelchair users for slight level changes

Natural Air flow in the in the garden To ventilate and spread floral scent around the area

A domestic scale design to provide a sense of athomeness

Railings & Planters(soft boundary) Safety measures around edges

Create areas where patients can feel connected to nature (visual, touch or scent)

Fig49.

SPATIAL OUTLINE It is a collage of 3 section concept sketches. The sectional sketch is a brainstorming exercise for myself to set certain targets and goal and act as an initial reminder of what I want to achieve in the design. It also suggests how to blend the boundaries between the internal and external to create a fluid transition of space.

FLOOR PLANS DEVELOPMENT

ORIENTATION EXPLORATION

INITIAL DEVELOPMENT

EXPERIMENTING SKETCHES

ARRANGEMENTS CRITIQUE The overall plan feels out of place from the site. Moreover, the box-like layout resulted in an institutional design language, which I would like to avoid.

EXPERIMENTATION I used tracing papers to test and experiment with different orientation of the residential pods and how it would guide the overall massing development.

There is a major problem with the positioning and orientation of the residential pods. Some are placed facing the north, which is the least desired situation as the patients living there would not be able to recieve a lot of natural sunlight.

To break through the rigid and systematic box-like design language by prioritising the pods arrangement, such that all of it could receive the natural sunlight from the south

I would have to make adjustments and prioritise the inhabitation of the pods. Fig50.

Fig51.

FLOOR PLANS ITERATIONS

FURTHER DEVELOPMENT

FURTHER REFINEMENT

FLOOR PLANS DEVELOPMENT

Fig52.

Different layering process has been done to get rid of awkward spaces and angles created due to the orientation of the residential pods. The adjacencies of different rooms and circulation (wandering) path are considered during the plan development. The plans are separated into different wings and connected by using a grid and structural lines. Fig53.

MASSING OUTLINE

ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE

MASSING ITERATIONS

SHADOW ANALYSIS

9AM

12PM

3PM

01 SUMMER SOLSTICE

Fig55.

SHADOW TESTING

04 MASSING DEVELOPMENT A series of rough massing models are set up in sketchup to visualise how it would sit on the site. It also suggests the need for a sectional design along side with the plan. As the plan was divided and developed from separate wings. The design continuity, especially the roof design, has to be carefully considered.

The shaodw analysis is to test and see whether the therapeutic garden in the center would be heavily overshadowed, especially in the winter, where the sun angle is positioned at a very low level (~12°).

EQUINOX

The result has shown that in the winter, large area of the garden are overshadowed in midday, leaving only a small portion around the north-east. Section and roof adjustment need to be made to minimise the overshadowing as much as possible.

WINTER SOLSTICE

03 Fig54.

ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE

TESTING REVIEW

WIND SPEED AND PREDICTED PERCENTAGE DISSATISFIED (PPD)

INITIAL PLAN DRAFTS RESULT ANALYSIS & APPLICATION My initial intention of the massing strategy was to create a higher massing block in the north wing to act as a wind block for the northly cold win during the winter to create a more comfortable experience in the garden. The wind speed analysis (top graphs) has shown that the wind speed in the garden has significantly slowed down. However, the movement of air flow is too stale. Despite having a generally pleasant thermal comfort during the winter (shown in bottom graphs), the stale air flow would cause problems in the summer and as represented with a much higher dissatisfied predicted percentage.

BASEMENT PLAN

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

Fig56. Fig57.

FIRST FLOOR PLAN 46

INTERIOR FURNISHING 47

TESTING REVIEW

INITIAL SECTION DRAFTS

INITIAL ELEVATION & STRUCTURAL CONCEPT

Fig58.

SECTION A Fig59.

SECTION B

Fig60.

SECTION DEVELOPMENT SECTION CRITIQUE There is a lack of sectional development. The section design needs to consider the environmental strategies. For instance, how can the roof of the design incorporate renewables - solar panels; how can the design allow natural ventilation. At this current stage, the design is not responding well with the environmental and sustainability agenda of the project.

I began to think about the roof design language and structural strategies. Moreover, in the initial proposal, I have decided to demolish the existing unused building on the site. Therefore, environmentally, I need to think about what I can do with the demolish material and turn the construction waste into something useful. In addition, I began to reconsider what sort of design opportunities does the demolished building bring.

THINKING THROUGH MAKING

LATTICE ROOF STRUCTURE

KINETIC FACADE IDEA

Fig61.

THINKING THROUGH MAKING STRUCTURE

THINKING THROUGH MAKING KINETIC FACADE

A structural model was made as a visualisation and experimentation tool. It helps to visualise the structural language I would want to achieve.

Initially, I had an idea of incorporating kinetic facade as a environmental response. The model a representation of the potential shading device.

I have used tracing paper to represent potential roof glazing. It made me realise the shadow casted from the roof edges would cause major issues in dementia design. Therefore, the translucency of the tracing paper inspired to look further into different forms of glazing alternatives to solve the issue.

I began to think about the movement of the ‘device’; how would it close, open and rotate. Moreover, how would these shading surfaces supported. In this exercise, I mainly used fibre wood and bamboo stick to support the surface. I became interested with the arts and crafts; I could a connect these piece together; how much can these materials bend before they snap.

As the design proposal will move towards the technical and detail integration phase, it is a good opportunity for me to think about whether the structural system is achievable without compromising much of the design intention. For instance, the span of the beams, the junction/ connected detail of the intersection beams, wind bracing and structural stability etc.

Fig62.

The exercise encourages me to explore the technical, structural and architectural details. Despite not incorporating the idea of kinetic facade into the final proposal due to economical and feasibility aspects after careful consideration, I was inspired to explore different shading alternatives via materiality research.

LEARNING FROM TESTING REVIEW

MATERIAL EXPLORATION

DEFINING MASSING AND STRUCTURAL LANGUAGE

PRECEDENT REFERENCES

Fig67.

IBSTOCK PLACE SCHOOL, MACCREANOR LAVINGTON

BEIJING NATIONAL STADIUM, HERZOG & DE MEURON

SUNNYHILLS CAKE SHOP IN TOKYO, KENGO KUMA

Fig63.

Fig64.

PRECEDENT INSPIRATION After propsing the idea of creating a lattice roof structure, I have looked into different precedent images. My design concept and structural language was to create a ‘nest’ that envelops the therapeutic garden as a symbolic gesture of connecting to nature. The first precedent that came to mind is the Beijing National Stadium, also known as ‘Bird’s Nest’. The second image came from a project from Kengo Kuma. Both have significant differences. The intersecting structural elements complement the external design language and internal atmospheric experience. However, I began to question whether these elements are applicable to dementia design - is there a way to simplify yet not compromise too much of the design aesthetics?

Fig68.

THE SWATCH AND OMEGA CAMPUS, SHIGERU BAN Fig65.

ASPEN ART MUSEUM, SHIGERU BAN

BENENDEN HOSPITAL KENT

Fig66.

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM - PRECEDENT RESEARCH

MATERIALITY

Moving towards the integrated construction phase, I have mostly looked at projects from Shiegru Ban. His works often make use of the prefabrication technology to create timber components and assemble all of them on site - as if the process is like a building a model with a sequencing manual at the side. I was intrigued with the connection/ junction details - visually simple yet intricate and complex.

Following the thinking through making, I explored on the interior atmospheric qualities of the lattice structure. Moreover, I researched different glazing alternatives that could create uniform distribution of natural daylight (as seen from Beneden Hospital Kent). The question now became how could I combine the structural elements and aesthetics with these specific roof glazing.

THINKING THROUGH MAKING APPLICATION

LATTICE ROOF ITERATIONS

04 Fig70.

LATTICE ROOF DEVELOPMENT The process was at first random and only focused on creating intersection beams. The design gradually becomes more rational and follows a certain uniform, systematic approach.

Fig69.

RESIDENTIAL POD DESIGN FINAL PROPOSAL

04 SYNTHESIS FINAL PROPOSAL

Synthesis is the final stage of the project, where I have tried my best to refined the overall design proposal. The presented proposal is my current answer to dementia design and studioraised key line of enquires throughout the year. The proposal is also a presented combination of what we have learnt and researched from the technology module, and apply them into the final design, in terms of the overall structural language, environmental strategies, technical construction details. The design proposal is supported with evidence. For instance, the design is guided and influenced by the use of environmental simulation software. The implementation of other sustainable measures is presented; BIPV, solar renewables, rainwater harvesting, sustainable drainage system. This is to answer the studio specific agenda of responding the climate change problems, whilst also improving the human experience within the building. The graphics presented offer a glance of the material strategy and key visual consideration related to dementia design. Moreover, it suggests the programmatic accommodation of my two main intergenerational activity – therapeutic gardening and the process of coffee making (from bean to cup). Above all, it is the emphasis of the subtle sensory simulation of scent, taste, touch and lastly the visuals. The overall architectural language was an attempt to break away from the traditional clinical environment and provide a welcoming architecture. To create warmth for the patients, whilst also a gesture to invite the wider community and gradually educate the wider context in regards to dementia disease – to nurture a respectful and supportive community in the site.

Fig71.

RESIDENTIAL POD DESIGN

POD AXONOMETRIC

POD INHABITATION

Fig72.

Fig73.

RESIDENTIAL POD DESIGN

FINAL DESIGN PROPOSAL OVERVIEW

DAYLIGHT SIMULATION

9AM

12PM

3PM

PATIENTS PATH SUMMER SOLSTICE

EQUINOX

FAMILY/ FRIENDS PATH

Fig75. (Taken from ARC3014)

PROGRAMMATIC SUMMARY THERAPEUTIC GARDEN COMMUNAL AREA EN-SUITE BEDROOMS MEDICAL/ STAFF AREA WINTER SOLSTICE

Fig74.

INTERGENERATION/ PUBLIC AREA

Fig76.

PRIVATE - PUBLIC

VISITORS/ LOCALS - PATH 61

MASTERPLAN Fig77.

BASEMENT PLAN

Fig78.

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

Fig79.

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

Fig80.

Ground Source Heat Pump (Horizontal Loop Design) Alternate energy generating system aside from BIPV. It will help to heat up the boiler for hydronic underfloor heating system. Vibrated Stone Pile Foundation It uses the recycled construction waste from worldwide and the demolished existing building.

Underground Stormwater/ Rainwater Storage Tank Part of the sustainable drainage system. The rainwater collected will be used for watering the plants in the garden.

Fig81.

FINAL DESIGN PROPOSAL TECHNICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL OVERVIEW

Fig82. (Taken from Tech)

FINAL DESIGN PROPOSAL

WIND SPEED AND PREDICTED PERCENTAGE DISSATISFIED (PPD)

DAYLIGHT SIMULATION OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE Upon learning from the previous simulation results during the testing phase, the massing of the design has made improvements in responding to the natural ventilation around the therapeutic garden during the summer. The west side of the massing has been lowered , such that the air flow around the area becomes less stale whilst enhancing the users thermal comfort.

9AM

The research on translucent materials has helped to provide an uniform light distribution and avoid creating hard shadows. This is tested with the daylight simulation around the intergenerational space.

12PM

3PM

SUMMER SOLSTICE

Fig83.

EQUINOX

WINTER SOLSTICE

Fig84.

FINAL DESIGN PROPOSAL GLAZING ALTERNATIVES

CROSSRAIL PLACE ROOF GARDEN - FOSTER + PARTNERS

LIGHT SHED - FT ARCHITECTS

Fig85.

Fig86.

GLAZING DESIGN DECISION BASED ON DAYLIGHT SIMULATION

ETFE PILLOWS - ROOF GLAZING

TRANSLUCENT POLYCARBONATE PANELS

The roof is using a translucent glazing material (ETFE Pillows), which is supported by timber glulam beams. This material technolgy helps to achieve even distribution of natural light. Moreover, additional layers of foil with engraved patterns can be added to control solar gain and light transmission.

Using translucent timber and timber louvers provide visual cohesion with the rest of the translucent material language, whilst reducing heat gain and glare.

FINAL PROPOSAL

ARRIVAL VIEW

URBAN HEALING Although the project prioritises the healing of dementia patients - to provide a thoughtfully designed space that complement the medical, social and emotional support for the users of the building, the design is also positioned to connect to the wider context. The intergenerational area replaces the existing unused building. Having a cafe positioned at the corner of the site and faced directly towards the nearby residential area is an design decision and gesture to welcome the local community. This junction is frequently used by vehicles and people. Hence, apart from having a welcoming design appearance, the combination of the existing protected trees and intergeneration area act as a sound buffer to protect the patients living in the residential pods, such that they are less likely to be agitated by the frequency noisy traffic.

EXISTING ARRIVAL VIEW Fig88.

Fig87.

FINAL DESIGN PROPOSAL ELEVATION DESIGN

WEST ELEVATION Fig89.

FINAL DESIGN PROPOSAL MATERIALITY PALETTE

WOOD

EDIBLE PLANTS

FURNITURE COLOUR SCHEME

ENGINEERED WOOD

LAVENDER

DINING AREA - BLUE VISUAL CONTRAST

OAK WOOD - SERENE DARKER FINISH

CEDAR WOOD - NATURAL RED FINISH

ROSEMARY

LEMON GRASS

KITCHENETTE - BROWN FINISH

LIVING AREA - YELLOW

In dementia design, there needs to be a distinctive visual contrast from roof, walls and floors. I have specifically picked the types of wood to be used in the design - the grains and timber finish, especially for the floors and walls, need to be uniform for dementia patients. The exposed structural stood out from walls and floors - this is ideal to allow clearer visual identification for patients to reduce the risk of bumping. Furnitures are also in a certain colour scheme to identify different acitivity zones, i.e. kitchen, dining or living area. As the design revolves around planting, edible plants that also provide subtle floral scent are picked and placed around the building. This is to reduce the risk of poisoning in case the patient decided to eat the plant.

Fig90.

Fig91.

FINAL DESIGN PROPOSAL DAY IN THE LIFE OF A DEMENTIA PATIENT

Fig92.

FINAL DESIGN PROPOSAL

DAY IN THE LIFE OF A DEMENTIA PATIENT

SOCIALISING IN THE LIVING ROOM (9AM)

ENJOYING A CUP OF COFFEE AND CHATTING WITH VISITORS (10AM)

Fig93.

Fig94.

FINAL DESIGN PROPOSAL DAY IN THE LIFE OF A DEMENTIA PATIENT

WANDERING IN THE GARDEN (2PM) Fig95.

(MfCA.org) MUSEUMS FOR CLIMATE ACTION COMPETITION - PARTICIPATION

CULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

REFLECTION I participated in an international competition with 3 additional Newcastle university students. The key line of enquiry requires us to rethink the relationship between museum and the current climate change. Upon researching deeper into the impacts of climate change, I understood the architects’ responsibility to tackle the problem via sustainable and adaptable designs. Our group gradually develop an interest in designing modular and adaptable living that concerns primarily with the social community and environmental sustainability. Fig96.

SMALL TALKS ORGANISED BY NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY ARCHITECTURE SOCIETY

EDUCATIONAL YOUTUBE VIDEOS Fig99.

DIÉBÉDO FRANCIS KÉRÉ: HOW TO BUILD WITH CLAY... AND COMMUNITY

DRAWINGS, SITE VISITS + PERSPECTIVE SECTION IN CONSTRUCTION ON A REMOTE ISLAND ARCHITECTURE: THE BEST WORKFLOW | OUTPOST

TEDTALKS

30X40 DESIGN WORKSHOP

UPSTAIRS

Fig97.

REFLECTION

I have attended a few small talks in the first semester. All of given me insights in terms of the process and design development; how does the architectural practice face and work around the challenges involved in each project. The talk by Ingrid Petit is the most memorable. Her project involves designing around a Grade3 protected building. Her process and explanation of the design combines the integration of technical, structural and architectural aesthetic.

I have watched several architecture related YouTube videos, whether it is about the architect’s vision/ goal, their work/ design process in practice or graphic representation/ software tutorials. All of which provided helpful information in understanding my own project. For instance, how to design in context, the technical strategies and narrative presentation via visualisation graphics. Fig98.

REFERENCES

LIST OF IMAGES OWN WORK MARKED WITH *

Alzheimer’s Disease International. (2020) World Alzheimer Report 2020 – Design, Dignity, Dementia: Dementia-related design and the built environment. Volume 1.

1. Dementia Care Unit – Roker and Mowbray Image

36. Site Analysis Diagram | Noise Collages*

71. Final Residential Pod Plan*

Architect. n.d. Maggie’S Centre Leeds, By Heatherwick Studio. [online] Available at: <https://www.architectmagazine.com/project-gallery/maggies-centre-leeds_o> [Accessed 11 December 2020].

2. Dementia Care Unit – Roker and Mowbray Image2

37. Site Environmental Analysis Diagram*

72. Pod Axonometric*

3. Coffee Process Collage*

38. Site Analysis Diagram2

73. Pod Inhabitation*

ArchDaily. n.d. Maggie’S Leeds Centre / Heatherwick Studio. [online] Available at: <https://www.archdaily.com/941540/maggies-leeds-centre-heatherwick-studio> [Accessed 11 December 2020].

4. Gardening Process Collage*

39. Multi - cultural & generation diagrams*

74. Final Pod Daylight Simulation*

5. Envimet Simulation*

40. Site Tactility Photographs

75. Final Programmatic Diagram* (Taken from ARC3014)

Astrid, N., n.d. Chapter 13Sense of Self among Persons with Advanced Dementia. [online] Available at: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK552152/> [Accessed 11 December 2020].

6. Pile Foundation Detail (Taken from tech report)*

41. Design Features Sketches*

76. Final Design Proposal Diagrams*

7. Pod Daylight Simulation*

42. Massing Sketch1*

77. Final Master Plan*

8. Pile Foundation Process Diagram (Taken from tech report)*

43. Programmatic Diagram1*

78. Final Basement Plan*

Block, I., n.d. Heatherwick Studio Designs Plant-Filled Maggie’s Centre For Leeds. [online] Dezeen. Available at: <https://www.dezeen.com/2020/06/12/heatherwick-studio-maggies-centre-leeds-architecture/> [Accessed 11 December 2020].

9. Ginmokusei urayasu | silverwood jp Image1

44.Schedule of Accomodation*

79. FInal Ground Floor Plan*

10. Andanchi residence | aqt design studio Image1

45. Massing Sketch2*

80. Final First Floor Plan*

Cdmscotland.co.uk. n.d. Maggie’s Leeds Hospital: CDM Scotland. [online] Available at: <https://www.cdmscotland.co.uk/maggies-leeds.html> [Accessed 11 December 2020].

11. Andanchi residence | aqt design studio Image2

46. Programmatic Diagram2*

81. Final Perspective Section*

Christopher M. Raymond, Marketta Kyttä and Richard Stedman. “Sense of Place, Fast and Slow: The Potential Contributions of Affordance Theory to Sense of Place.” Frontiers in Psychology. 2017.

12. Initial Master Plan (Taken from tech report)*

47. Coffee Process Collage*

82. Technical Overview (Taken from tech report)*

13. Dementia Statistic Diagram*

48. Gardening Process Collage*

83. Final Design Proposal Envimet Simulations*

Dementia Village. n.d. Dementia Village - Creating Living Environments For People With Dementia. [online] Available at: <https://www.dementiavillage.com/> [Accessed 11 December 2020].

14. Andanchi residence | aqt design studio Image1

49. Conceptual Section Sketch*

84. Final Design Proposal Daylight Simulations*

15. Ginmokusei urayasu | silverwood jp Image1

50. Initial Plan Development1*

85. Crossrail Place Roof Garden - Foster + Partners Image

16. Group Presentation Slides*

51. Plan Experimenting Sketches*

86. Light Shed - FT Architects Image

17. Pod Partitions Diagram*

52. Plan Development Sketches2*

87. Final Design Exterior Perspective*

18. Sunlight & Natural Ventilation Diagram*

53. Plan Development Sketch3*

88. Existing Arrival View Screen Capture*

19. Place for visitors to stay Diagram*

54. Overall Massing Development*

89. Final Design West Elevation*

20. Personalisation - Individual Identity Diagram*

55. Initial Shadow Analysis*

90. Material Palette*

21. Pod Idea 1*

56. Initial Envimet Simulations*

91. Final Design Interior Perspective*

22. Pod Idea 2*

57. Plan Drafts in Testing Review*

92. Day in the Life Timeline*

23. Window Sill Seating Area Sketch*

58. Section Drafts in Testing Review*

93. Socialising in the Living Room (9am)*

Rupprecht, I., n.d. Dementia Village ‘De Hogeweyk’ In Weesp. [online] Detail-online.com. Available at: <https://www.detail-online.com/article/dementia-village-de-hogeweyk-inweesp-16433/> [Accessed 11 December 2020].

24. ‘Semi - Enclosed’ Balcony Sketch*

59. Elevation Drafts in Testing Review*

94. Enjoying a Cup of Coffee and Chatting with Visitors (10am)*

25. Pod Draft Sketch1*

60. Section Development Sketches*

95. Wandering in the Garden (2pm)*

Raak ICT BV, w., n.d. Hogeweyk. [online] Hogeweyk.dementiavillage.com. Available at: <https://hogeweyk.dementiavillage.com/en/> [Accessed 11 December 2020].

26. Pod Draft Sketch2*

61. Thinking Through Making - Structure Photographs*

96. Competition Group Celebration Piece*

Sarah Waller, Abigail Masterson. (2015). ‘Designing dementia-friendly hospital environments’, Future Hospital Journal, 2 (1), p. 63-68.

27. Sensory Wall Collage*

62. Thinking Through Making - Kinetic Facade Photographs*

97. Small Talk Posters (Taken from Newcastle University Architecture Society)

The Guardian. 2020. Maggie’s Centre, St James’s Hospital, Leeds Review – A Safe Place For Flamboyance. [online] Available at: <https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2020/aug/01/ maggies-centre-st-jamess-hospital-leeds-review-a-safe-place-for-flamboyance> [Accessed 11 December 2020].

28. Sensory Wall | Textures*

63. Beijing National Stadium, Herzog & de Meuron Image

98. Zoom call Photographs*

29. Sensory Wall Collage2*

64. SunnyHills Cake Shop in Tokyo, Kengo Kuma Image

99. YouTube Thumbnail Screen Captures*

30. Pod Draft 2*

65. The Swatch and Omega Campus, Shigeru Ban Image

31. Site Plan

66. Aspen Art Museum, Shigeru Ban Image

32. Site Historical Analysis*

67. Ibstock Place School, maccreanor lavington Image

33. Site Photographs

68. Benenden Hospital Kent Image

34. Site Analysis Diagram

69. Lattice Roof Iteration Sketches*

35. Site Sections

70. Lattice Roof Interior Visualisation Sketch*

Be Advice EN. n.d. The Hogeweyk - Be Advice EN. [online] Available at: <https://www.bethecareconcept.com/en/hogeweyk/> [Accessed 11 December 2020].

Edwards, Christine Anne, McDonnell, Colin & Merl, Helga (2013) An evaluation of a therapeutic garden’s influence on the quality of life of aged care residents with dementia. Dementia (London, England). 12 (4), 494–510. Health and Safety Executive (2015). Managing health and safety in construction – Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015. Heatherwick Studio | Design & Architecture. n.d. Heatherwick Studio | Design & Architecture | Maggie’s Leeds. [online] Available at: <http://www.heatherwick.com/projects/buildings/maggies/> [Accessed 11 December 2020]. Lu, Li-Chin, Lan, Shao-Huan, Hsieh, Yen-Ping, Yen, Yea-Yin, Chen, Jong-Chen & Lan, Shou-Jen (2020) Horticultural Therapy in Patients With Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. American journal of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias. Marjo H Eskelinen (2010) Caffeine as a Protective Factor in Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease. Journal of Alzheimer’s disease.

UK Government (2015). Dementia-friendly health and social care environments (HBN 08-02). Department of Health and Social Care. World Architecture Community. n.d. Heatherwick Studio Hides New Maggie’S Centre Under Plants And Trees In Leeds. [online] Available at: <https://worldarchitecture.org/article-links/ efenz/heatherwick-studio-hides-new-maggie-s-centre-under-plants-and-trees-in-leeds.html> [Accessed 11 December 2020].