1.
CONTENTS
Project Title: Green House Dementia Village.
Reflective Diary.
p.3-4
Cultural Bibliography.
p.5-6
Framing. p.7-30 Testing. p.31-40 Synthesis. p.41-86
Bibliography & List of Figures. Thematic Case Study Report. Appendix
p.87-88 p.89-106 p.107-116
Katy Hughes Student ID: 180138010 ARC3001 Stage 3 Academic Portfolio 2020/2021 Design Studio 4: House of Memories Studio Leaders: Neveen Hamza & Stuart Franklin
BA (Hons) Architecture Newcastle University School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape
1.
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Work produced or updated following that chapter’s review. Group work.
2.
REFLECTIVE SUMMARY
Being a part of the House of Memories design studio this past year
Looking back at my design project, I find it has been successful in
at Newcastle University has taught me a great deal about user-cen-
achieving the main design concepts of providing a sense of home
tric design, and how design can influence psychological and physical
and access to nature. Stimulating a sense of home through the de-
health. The specificity of the studio has helped develop my under-
sign was tested by: breaking up a large-scale scheme into smaller,
standing on balancing conflicting design requirements. Following
domestic-scale units; articulating the roof scape; and interspersing
the established principles of designing for dementia has been a very
transparent and solid forms to reduce the visual scale to a more fa-
tangible experience, and I have enjoyed designing a project that
miliar, domestic appearance. I focused on integrating the landscape
tests and celebrates the existing and ongoing research into demen-
into the scheme, creating transitional spaces between indoors and
tia-friendly design.
outdoors, facilitated by the transparent forms on the scheme. An area of my design project that I think needs improving is the practicality
During this design period care homes have been locked down due to
of the number of bedrooms per household. If the scheme was con-
COVID-19, so it has been a particularly pertinent project to focus on.
structed for a private owner, rather than a charity, then I would need
Being instructed to ‘stay at home’ for the majority of this academic
to look at increasing the occupancy so that it can be more economi-
year has made me reflect on how important it is to create a fulfilling
cally sustainable. Moving forward I would also look more closely at
home environment, especially for full-time care residents who spend
providing the individual households with their own personal identity
the majority of their time in the same environment. Lockdown has
through design elements such as, façade design or materiality.
made me appreciate certain spaces which I would usually take for
granted, such as access to nature and spaces that encourage opportunities to socialise with others.
The non-design modules have all impacted my design to various extents. The ARC3013 Architectural Technology module has allowed me to view my project in greater detail, which helped me to identify any weaknesses. Creating a technology report and integrating sustainability strategies for my own design was challenging, yet it has helped to legitimise my design. The ARC3015 Theory into Practice module was particularly influential for my design project as I researched the theory of biophilic design, which I then incorporated heavily into my design language. The ARC3014 Professional Practice module gave me an insight into the business side of architecture, which was a relatively new topic for me. It made me aware of all the key stakeholders involved in a typical design project, and it was interesting to envision my project being managed. My design project is closely linked to my dissertation which looks at small-scale, ‘household’ dementia care environments. It was an interesting challenge trying to put these concepts I studied into practice, whilst balancing them with site constraints and other studio specific requirements.
3.
4.
CULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY
This year I have learnt a great deal about dementia and how the design of the built environment can impact psychological and physical health. I have read a plethora of published research papers, books and articles surrounding this subject. My dissertation is closely related to my design project, titled: Households: The Importance of Small-Scale Living Environment for Dementia Care and their Relevance in the Age of COVID-19. Therefore, the reading I did for this module has been immensely helpful for informing the narrative of my design work. The theory into practice module also opened up another key research avenue to explore for my design project, regarding biophilic design. The most influential readings for both the dissertation and theory into practice models, which have guided my design process, are listed below.
The recently published World Alzheimer Report 2020 has provided
This book is not directly related to dementia, however it is been very
me with a great base knowledge of dementia and understanding the
informative for my design as it discusses the human instinctive at-
importance of designing dementia-friendly environments. It discuss-
traction to nature, so it applies to people living with dementia, argu-
es in depth the key design principles and analyses the multitude of
ably more so as they rely on these innate sensations. Understanding
research regarding dementia care environments.
the benefits of incorporating nature into design has aided my design development.
The government issued document provides guidance for design-
Natural England published this paper which stats the benefits of pro-
ing dementia care environments in a clear and informative manner.
viding access to nature for people living with dementia. It has helped
I have found this resource particularly useful to keep referring to
me learn how to design a dementia-friendly and accessible outdoor
throughout the design process, justifying every design decision.
environment for my design project.
This book has helped me to appreciate the importance of the psy-
I became fascinated by this book when I read it for my dissertation. It
chological space that is created within and around the built form and
explains the importance of maintaining a sense of home when re-es-
how people with dementia have an acute sensitivity to the sensory
tablishing new home environments, and how feeling ‘at-home’ can
space. It has also provided useful precedents and examples that I
be interchangeable with feeling ‘at-self’. It has made me reflect on
have considered for my own design.
the feeling of homesickness and how residents could easily experience this if their living environment does not support a sense of autonomy, belonging, security and thus home.
5.
6.
CHAPTER1
Framing. Project Framing has been largely research based. It has helped me to develop a base knowledge on dementia and dementia-friendly design before properly starting the design of my project. The research led me to focus on a particular design concept (the house and the greenhouse) which has continued as a narrative throughout the project.
* * 7.
Work produced or updated following the Framing review. Group work.
8.
Introduction to the Brief.
Users.
This design studio, House of Memories, looks at existing and ongo-
Lower birth rates and longer life spans are rapidly generating an
This project is centred around people living with dementia, although
ing research surrounding dementia care design, which informs the
ageing population in the UK. As age is the largest risk factor for
there are a variety of other users that are integral to the holistic care
design project in an innovative and creative way. This includes a pro-
dementia, this applies more pressure on healthcare services and the
of the resident, whom need to be considered.
ject-specific day care centre, which would be used by the residents,
need for suitable accommodation to house older people with demen-
family members, care staff and the surrounding community; and ac-
tia. Research that has accumulated over the past three decades has
commodation for people living with dementia who require special-
shown that the design of the built environment can significantly in-
ised care. The project’s built environment needs to be user-centric
fluence the behaviours of people living with dementia. Symptoms
“dementia always affects an entire system … only one person is ill, but many are affected.”
through the use of dementia-friendly design and creating therapeutic
of dementia, such as agitation, anxiety and disorientation, can be re-
(Feddersen and Ludtke, 2014)
spaces, so that it benefits all users. As dementia is a progressive dis-
duced through the use of therapeutic design and creating an enabling
ease with no known effective medical treatment, it is important that
environment. Therefore, by testing this research through designing
the building can act as a non-medical intervention by supporting the
prototype dementia care environments, improvements can be made,
wellbeing and quality of life for people with dementia. As people liv-
and standards can be set for future dementia care environments, po-
ing with dementia can be more sensitive to environmental changes,
tentially easing pressure on public healthcare.
the project is also required to respond to the site in order to optimise the environmental conditions, without having to rely on energy-consuming methods of environmental control.
People living with dementia.
Care workers.
The psychological and physical impairments associated with demen-
Care workers provide around the clock care for the residents, provid-
tia, as well as old age, should be compensated for through the design
ing assistance and ensuring they are safe by discreet monitoring. The
of the built environment. In particular, quality of life and wellbeing
project should support these care workers by providing an environ-
should be promoted by the scheme. The Department of Health has
ment that is pleasant to work in and potentially reducing work stress
published a set of design principles to act as a guide for designing
by the impact the environment has on the residents.
dementia-friendly health and social care environments (The Department of Health, 2015): Principle 1: Provide a safe environment. Principle 2: Provide optimum levels of stimulation.
Alzheimer’s Society defines dementia as:
“an umbrella term used to describe a group of brain disorders that involve a progressive deterioration in cognitive function resulting eventually in severe cognitive impairment. The individual with dementia experiences a gradual decline in their ability to understand,
Principle 3: Provide optimum lighting and contrast. Principle 4: Provide a non-institutional scale and environment. Principle 5: Support orientation. Principle 6: Support wayfinding and navigation. Principle 7: Provide access to nature and the outdoors. Principle 8: Promote engagement with friends, relatives and staff. Principle 9: Provide good visibility and visual access. Principle 10: Promote privacy, dignity and independence. Principle 11: Promote physical and meaningful activities.
Local Community. Integrating the local community into the day care activities can encourage a sense of belonging for the residents. Research has shown that intergenerational activities have benefited people with dementia, physically and psychologically. Making sure the residents are a part of the local community can potentially tackle stigma towards dementia, changing public perceptions and creating valuable friendships.
Principle 12: Support diet, nutrition and hydration.
remember, reason, communicate and use
”
learned skills.
(Alzheimer’s Society, 2010)
Family members. Family members play a crucial role in maintaining a sense of identity and quality of life for the residents. Family members can often feel burdened by the guilt of sending their loved one to a care home, so by having an environment that the resident can be content in and is enjoyable to visit, can potentially ease the family member’s concerns and improve their wellbeing. Therefore, it is important that the project is designed to be welcoming, encouraging frequent visits.
9.
10.
Current Key Issues.
Traditional Institutional Care Environments. Traditional care homes can be medically orientated which often results in an environment that feels and looks institutional. As care homes often have a high occupancy, the building has a large scale, which can lack a sense of home. Research has repeatedly shown that this type of environment can negatively influence the wellbeing and behaviours of people living with dementia:
Potential Solutions.
“There is increasing recognition that large nursing home units (e.g. 30+ residents) do not meet the needs of residents with dementia … larger unit sizes are associated with increased agitation and aggression, greater intellectual deterioration and emotional disturbance, and
Domestic Scale, Home-like Care Environments. Dementia care environments which appear and function like a home can help ease the transition from home life to full-time care. Continuing a smaller, domestic scale and home-like character for the residential area, can help the residents feel at home as make subconscious associations. Maintaining activities of daily living, such as taking part in household chores and daily routines, should be encouraged by providing a family scale environment to inhabit.
more frequent territorial conflicts and invaLack of Green Space. Green space can often be low priority in medicalised care environments, and ensuring the outdoor environments are safe and demen-
sion of space.
”
(Chaudhury and Cooke, 2014)
“Once he is out walking and shuffling along,
Biophilic Design. Biophilia is a theory which suggests that humans have an innate connection to nature and living things. Biophilic design describes
tia-friendly can act as a barrier to providing sufficient green space.
environments which incorporate nature within the design. As peo-
Providing access to nature can reduce reactive behaviours and foster
ple living with dementia rely on their earliest memories and senses,
positive responses, improving the overall health and wellbeing of
stimulating this genetically determined affinity to nature is particu-
people with dementia. Restricting this access will create an opposing
larly relevant and warranted for providing a comfortable, sensory
effect.
and therapeutic environment. A care worker recalls their positive experience with a resident being amongst nature:
at his own pace he starts to talk, he starts to remember, he starts to engage with you … he will walk a few more paces, he will reach out and he will touch the grass or a leaf, or a flower and that will jog his memory.
”
(Mapes, 2016)
“For people with dementia, sensory experiences play a central role. This applies espe-
The aim for my project is to provide an environment that stimulates the deep-rooted sense of home and connection to nature, providing a sense of comfort and belonging.
cially to how we experience space. As people’s cognitive faculties start to decline and the memory of recent events fades away, what remains are direct sensations. As the disease progresses, these become increasingly impor-
”
tant.
(Feddersen and Ludtke, 2014)
11.
12.
Precedents.
Figure 3: BuroKade, De Hogeweyk Dementia Village.
The ‘household model of care’ is an architectural approach to residential dementia care environments. The household model is a much smaller residential unit (usually housing between 8-12 residents) Figure 1: Heatherwick Studio, Maggie’s Leeds.
compared to large institutional environments. These households then form a collective ‘dementia village’. A popular example of a demen-
Maggie’s Centres are charity funded drop-in centres for people af-
tia village is De Hogeweyk in The Netherlands, which has success-
fected by cancer. They aim to provide a therapeutic environment to
fully divided a large scheme into smaller housing units, creating a
receive emotional and social support. I have been inspired by the
village and community feel. This type of healthcare approach is es-
Maggie’s Centres architectural response to health and social care
pecially popular in Japan, where people with dementia live together
environments, in particular the incorporation of nature into their de-
with carers in a household and function as a family. This success of
signs to provide a comforting atmosphere.
this model inspired me to try and create this village feel in my design project.
Figure 2: Foster & Partners, Maggie’s Manchester.
Floor plan example of a large-scale care home – “Establishment for Dependent Elderly” in Northern France.
13.
Floor plan example of a small-scale care home – “Himawari Group Home” in Japan. 14.
*
Site. The site is located on Arthur’s Hill in Newcastle upon Tyne. The West side of the site has medical related facilities and large car parks. The East side of the site has a large residential estate area. The site used to be home to the Newcastle General Hospital, which has now been demolished, leaving a large, exposed area to work with.
Site Plan.
1:1250 Site Section.
15.
16.
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Site Photographs.
Views facing East side of the site with the adjacent residential estate.
Views facing the West side of the site with the car parks and medical related facilities.
Views facing the South side of the site with the existing border trees. Neighbouring residential area.
17.
18.
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Site Analysis.
Site Location.
Residential Areas.
Sun Path Diagram.
Green Spaces.
Wind Diagram. 19.
Vehicular Routes .
Primary Secondary Back Alleys Bus Stops
20.
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Community Allotments.
When visiting the site I noticed that the residential estate to the East of the site lacked any substantial green space or garden area. This led me to research the location of allotments in the wider city of Newcastle upon Tyne. This revealed a gap near the site where there is no convenient access to gardens for the local community. As I have been interested in incorporating biophilic design into my scheme for its holistic health benefits, this prompted me to choose garden allotments as the project’s intergenerational space, which can be utilised by the local community. Site Allotments
21.
22.
Key Design Concepts. Following the initial research on domestic scale care environments and biophilic design, I decided to summaries these approaches as: ‘the house’ and ‘the greenhouse’. I looked at the typical house-shaped form, that we instinctively associate with home, and I linked it to the familiar greenhouse form. I decided to experiment with these two forms when massing my design project, by interspersing the transparent greenhouse forms amongst the solid house forms to reduce the visual scale and to provide a threshold between indoors and outdoors. I made this model to experiment with distorting the house-shape The pitched roofs allow for the overall roofscape to visually relate
form. By dividing the form into ‘building blocks’, I could adjust the
to the residential side of the site; rather than the hospital side, which
massing so that it responds to the site conditions and building pro-
have larger institutional roofs. This highlights the aim to integrate
gramme, whilst still providing a character of home.
with the community and appear village-like. The pitched roofs also enable the opportunity to use roof ventilation systems and sky lights.
HOUSE
GREENHOUSE
The 3D printed black house-shape envelope was used in the model
Privacy Enclosure/Security
Transparency
to maintain the house form whilst I rearranged the wooden blocks.
Connection to the Outdoors/Nature
I ended up adopting this envelope feature in my design, using white
Natural Light
metal sheeting for the house and white climbing plant frames for
Sensory
the greenhouse, so that the distinctive house-shape outline could be expressed and recognised throughout the scheme.
Small-Scale Character of Home Familiarity Therapeutic/Biophilic
23.
24.
Bedroom Pod.
The initial project task for the design studio was to design the resident’s bedroom pods. This helped me to understand the sensitivity of designing for dementia by looking at the micro details, such as having visual access to the toilet from the headboard of the bed to provide visual cues. These discreet visual and sensory prompts are important for allowing people living with dementia to use their environment more independently.
Initial Bedroom Pod Plan.
25.
Final Bedroom Pod Plan and Section.
26.
Final Bedroom Pod Annotated Plan.
27.
28.
*
As people with dementia can also experience impairments of old
June Daylight Simulations.
age, such as vision impairments, there needs to be plenty of even
9am.
12pm.
3pm.
daylight in spaces in order to support their orientation and circadian rhythms. However, too much direct natural light can create harmful glares and confusing shadow contrasts for people with dementia. Therefore, a balance needs to be made in order to provide abundant, yet uniform, lighting. Initial Bedroom Pod Daylight Simulation.
I tested the lighting conditions in the bedroom pod using the Velux daylight visualizer. The initial design shows that the daylight was concentrated near the glazed winter garden and balcony and was not reaching the far end of the bedroom. This could potentially be problematic for the resident as the contrast is too high to for their vision to quickly adjust to. I decided to increase the opening to the winter garden and increase the height of the glazing in the following iter-
Final Bedroom Pod Daylight Simulation.
ation so that more light could penetrate further into the space. This created a more uniform lighting condition. December Daylight Simulations. 9am.
12pm.
3pm.
Initial Bedroom Pod Daylight Simulation.
Initial Bedroom Pod Daylight Simulation.
29.
Final Bedroom Pod Daylight Simulation.
Final Bedroom Pod Daylight Simulation.
30.
CHAPTER2
Testing. During Project Testing I worked interchangeably from micro scale (thinking through making) to macro scale (building massing). This aided my design process as it allowed me to always consider the design language when making key changes, keeping a coherent theme across the scheme.
* * 31.
Work produced or updated following the Testing review. Group work.
32.
Thinking Through Making.
For my thinking through making, I’ve looked at an element of the balcony façade. It would be featured on the balconies of the resident’s bedrooms.
33.
34.
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Climbing Plant Frame. Since the testing review, I revisited the thinking through making output and adapted it so that it could follow the project’s design language by framing the ‘greenhouse’ forms.
These shadow studies illustrate how the climbing plant frame can also act as a shading system. As most of the greenhouse forms are entirely glazed, this could potentially cause glare and excessive solar gain, especially for the South facing glazing. Therefore, by incorporating the climbing plant frames as a solar shading system it can help regulate room temperatures and provide diffused daylighting.
As the frames are spaced apart, they do not obstruct views. This is important for maintaining visual access within the project, so that the residents can view opportunities of engagement and nature, and staff can discreetly monitor the residents.
35.
36.
Building Programme.
Day Care Centre. Main Entrance/Reception (69.5m2) Courtyard (189m2) Library (30m2) Storage Spaces (24m2) Service Kitchen (60m2) Café/ Restaurant (100m2) Corridor & Breakout Spaces (151m2) Staff Room (20m2) Staff Bathroom (6.5m2) Ward Manager’s Office (25m2) Accessible Public W/Cs (5m2) x2 6 Staff/Visitor Parking Bays (108m2) Ambulance Turning Circle (224m2)
Community Space (Greenhouse & Allotments). Greenhouse (52.5m2) Allotments (480m2) Sheds (22m2)
Households (1 of 3). 8 Bedroom Pods (1 Pod – 42m2) (336m2) Kitchenette (8m2) Dining Area (32.5m2) Sunroom/Lounge (36m2) Double Height Courtyard (12m2) Nurse Station (6.25m2) Accessible W/C (4m2) Laundry Room (4m2) Assisted Bathroom (5.5m2) Storage (6m2)
Circulation/Corridors/Stairs/Lifts. Household (2 Floors Total – 132m2) Community Space (excludes corridor & breakout spaces) (2 Floors Total – 45m2)
Total Building Area - 2928.25m2
Bubble Diagram made during the initial design stages to help plan the arrangement of the building programme.
37.
38.
Design Process.
My design process was primarily informed by the user specific requirements and daylight orientation, although I also considered the wind speeds on the site for providing natural ventilation and ensuring low wind speeds in the outdoor spaces. I used the envimet wind simulator to test the site conditions. I incorporated dense vegetation and landscaping to help regulate the wind speeds in the outdoor spaces.
Site with design project and landscape.
39.
Site without design project and landscape.
40.
CHAPTER3
Synthesis. Project Synthesis allowed me to envisage the spaces created by the built environment and how they can be inhabited. I found it helpful to view the project through the eyes of a resident and image them having individual personalities by assigning different characters. I found this facilitated small enhancements of the final design.
* * 41.
Work produced or updated following the Synthesis review. Group work.
42.
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FINAL DESIGN Ground Floor Plan.
16.
Day Care Centre
17.
17.
20.
21.
19.
17.
17.
17. 25.
22.
18.
18. 20.
21.
19. 24.
17. 23.
25.
6. Café/ Restaurant
17.
24.
23.
5. Service Kitchen
17.
19.
14.
24. 17.
22.
20.
21.
3. Library 4. Storage Spaces
17.
18.
1. Main Entrance/Reception 2. Courtyard
17.
15.
22.
17. 23. 25.
7. Corridor & Breakout Spaces 8. Staff Room 4.
9. Staff Bathroom
7.
10. Ward Manager’s Office 6.
11. Accessible Public W/C 12. Staff/Visitor Parking Bays
13.
13. Ambulance Turning Circle Community Space (Greenhouse & Allotments)
5. 2. 11.
9.
11.
8.
4.
14. Greenhouse 3.
15. Allotments 16. Sheds
10. 1.
12.
Households 17. Bedroom Pod 18. Kitchenette 19. Dining Area 20. Sunroom/Lounge 21. Double Height Courtyard 22. Nurse Station 23. Laundry Room 24. Assisted Bathroom 25. Storage
43.
44.
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First Floor Plan.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
17.
20.
17.
17.
17.
17.
6.
Day Care Centre 6. Café/ Restaurant Households 17. Bedroom Pod
45.
46.
Roof Plan.
47.
*
48.
*
49.
Zones.
Public/Private.
Day Care Centre
Private
Households
Semi-Private
Community Space (Greenhouse & Allotments)
Public
50.
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User Access.
Wandering.
Residential Estate
Hospital
Car Parks Residents Community Members Staff Public Services Ambulance/Medical
‘Wandering’ is a common behaviour of dementia, which needs to be
The wandering paths are designed to have plenty of glazing along
controlled by providing secure and enclosed spaces, that ensure the
them, so that the residents have views outside, and staff have views
residents don’t get lost when they wander. I designed the circulation
to the residents through the courtyard. The paths are designed to pass
spaces as closed loops to create a continuous circuit. The circula-
opportunities of engagement, such as the library, breakout pods, and
tion is designed in order to avoid the use of any dead-end corridors,
the greenhouse. These internal wandering paths flow outdoors to
which can be confusing for people with dementia when they wander
secure, enclosed courtyard spaces, encouraging the resident to be
as it abruptly stops their wandering path.
51.
amongst nature.
52.
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Axonometric of Project in Context. 53.
54.
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Village Axonometric. 55.
56.
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Household 1
Day Care Centre
Allotments
Household 2
Household 3
West Elevation - Main entrance to the day care centre. 57.
58.
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North Elevation - Service access.
East Elevation - Households facing the community residential area.
59. South Elevation - Climbing plant frames (solar shading) preventing excessive solar gain.
60.
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Perspective Section through the Cafe/Restaurant in the Day Care Centre. 61.
62.
1. Roof.
4. Walls.
Proprietary triple glazed roofing system supported on steel portal
Steel c-section studs every 600mm between portal frames.
frame.
Mineral quilt insulation between studs.
Toughened energy efficient glass.
Inner face of studs finished with two layers of
Concealed gutters.
foil-backed gypsum plasterboard (one hour fire
2. Frame.
protection). Outer face of studs covered with 19mm water
150mm deep portal frames at 3m spacing.
proof sheathing boards (marine ply).
Steel, where exposed, painted with fire retardant paint (one hour fire
Moisture barrier.
protection).
50mm air gap/cavity.
First floor beams between portals.
External cladding of 70mm insulated colour
Bracing rods across roof space.
coated aluminium cladding panels with proprie-
3. First Floor. 19mm floor board sheets on battens. Sound absorption quilt.
tary fixing rails. Cavity fire stops at top of external walls and at first floor junction.
75mm deep concrete slab
5. Ground Floor.
Underfloor heating pipework.
Amtico flooring sheets fixed on waterproof adhe sive.
Profiled steel decking sheets.
75mm screed.
150mm deep steel floor beams.
Underfloor heating pipework.
50mm insulation and 100mm service zone (between floor beams).
50mm solid insulation layer.
Two layers of 15mm thick foil-backed gypsum plasterboard ceiling
Damp proof membrane (sealed to wall moisture
(one hour
barrier).
fire protection).
225mm deep reinforced concrete raft foundation slab thickened at edges to 900mm deep to support steel portal frames. Drainage channels around edges of slabs.
1:20 Section and Part Elevation through the Bedroom Pods (taken from ARC3013 Integrated Construction). 63.
64.
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Site Section through the Residential Estate with Views to the Site.
Site Plan with Project. 65.
66.
67.
68.
*
Day in the Life of Jill.
9am
6pm – Jill has dinner at the table with the rest of the household as they chat about their day.
9am – Jill wakes up and has a cup of tea on the balcony.
10:30am
6pm
10:30am – Jill meets her grandson Tom to pull up carrots from their allotment plot.
12:30pm 4pm
4pm – Jill has a short wander around the day care centre and has a rest at one of the breakout pods. 12:30pm – Jill has lunch at the rooftop café with Tom.
2:30pm
2:30pm – Jill meets her son Michael at the main entrance to take Tom home.
69.
70.
Green House of Memories.
*
This project aims to provide a welcoming and therapeutic environment for all users, so that they will continue to return, making new and positive memories with the residents that can be cherished by their loved ones.
71.
72.
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73.
74.
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75.
Perspective of the Greenhouse and Allotments.
76.
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77.
Main Entrance Perspective Section.
78.
Design Concept Collage Drawing. 79.
80.
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Landscape.
Existing Site Trees. The site has existing evergreen trees lining the East and South border, which have been kept for absorbing traffic noise from the roads alongside the South and East sides.
Feather Grasses. Long grasses, such as Mexican feathergrass and Pampas grass, are planted in the courtyard areas. These grasses provide a hearing and visual experience as the wind blows through them. Many of the ‘greenhouse’ forms have views to the long feather grasses for residents to observe throughout the day.
Climbing Plants. Climbing plants, such as Akebia, are used for the ‘greenhouse’ climbing plant frames. Akebia is planted at the bedroom pod balconies as they are non-toxic, so they are safe for the residents to be near unsupervised. They also smell like chocolate, stimulating the senses. The climbing plants around the scheme provide biophilic views and blur the boundary between the landscape and the built environment.
Edible Allotment Gardens. The allotments provide opportunities to grow edible plants, such as herbs and vegetables, which can be tasted by the residents. This is highlighted by the apple trees which are planted by the sheds at the allotments.
Birch Trees. Birch trees are used as solar shading methods as they diffuse the sunlight without overshadowing. They are also deciduous which means sunlight can pass through in winter when their leaves shed.
Lavender. The central day care courtyard includes a lavender lined path, which provides a unique scent to that area of the site, assisting wayfinding for residents. The planting on the site has been specifically selected in order to provide a multi-sensory, dementia-friendly outdoor experience. In regard to the current climate crisis, landscaping is particularly important. Landscaping has many benefits for the environment, such as improving biodiversity and absorbing carbon dioxide. 81.
Hedges. Hedges are used to border certain areas of the landscape to act as barriers to movement. They can attract wildlife, which can be observed by the residents. 82.
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Glass Blocks.
Glass block external walls are used in the design project in order to provide bright and even daylight interior spaces during the day.
The glass blocks have embedded photovoltaic cells which capture and store the energy from the sunlight during the day and is used to power LEDs at night once the exterior luminosity drops below 30lux. This creates a wall of light which is used to signpost the day care centre and households. The households display varying coloured LEDs, in order to personalise the individual households, helping decipher between them.
83.
84.
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Rainwater Harvesting System.
Services building with pumps and break
Rainwater harvesting tank with sand lay-
tank (optional top-up from mains if dry).
er and modular filtration/storage basin.
Pressurised outlet supplies all buildings
Grasscrete paths watered from below via
with harvested rainwater for toilets and
irrigation pipes – watering the surrounding
washing machines.
landscape. Rainwater.
Retention pond takes overflows with flood level outlet to mains drainage.
Rainwater collection from combined roof areas.
85.
Underground storage tank.
Recirculating pump feeds land-
Pond with pebbles at base.
scaping irrigation system.
86.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
LIST OF FIGURES
Alzheimer’s Society, My name is not Dementia, (London: Alzheim-
Figure 1: Heatherwick Studio, Maggie’s Leeds.
er’s Society, 2010)
Heatherwick Studio, Design & Architecture, (Online: 2012) Available at: http://www.heatherwick.com/project/maggies/
Chaudhury, Habib, and Heather Cooke, Design matters in dementia care: The role of the physical environment in dementia care settings,
Figure 2: Foster & Partners, Maggie’s Manchester.
(UK: Open University Press, 2014)
Foster & Partners, Maggie’s Manchester, (Online: 2019) Avaliable at: https://www.fosterandpartners.com/projects/maggie-s-manches-
Clark, P. and others, Greening Dementia – a literature review of the
ter/
benefits and barriers facing individuals living with dementia in accessing the natural environment and local greenspace, (Online: Nat-
Figure 3: BuroKade, De Hogeweyk Dementia Village.
ural England, 2013)
Dementia Village Associates, The Hogeweyk Dementia Village, (Online, 2021) Available at: https://hogeweyk.dementiavillage.com/
Department of Health, Health Building Note 08-02: Dementia-friendly Health and Social Care Environments, (Online: Crown copyright,
The remaining illustrations are all Author’s Own unless stated as
2015)
group work by ‘ spread.
*
’ in the top right hand corner of the double page
Duyvendak, Jan Willem, The Politics of Home: Belonging and Nostalgia in Western Europe and the United States, (Great Britain: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011)
Feddersen, Eckhard, and Insa Ludtke, Lost in Space: Architecture and Dementia, (Berlin: Birkhauser Verlag, 2014)
Fleming, Richard, John Zeisel and Kirsty Bennett, World Alzheimer Report 2020: Design, Dignity, Dementia: Dementia-related design and the built environment Volume 1, (London: Alzheimer’s Disease International, 2020)
Mapes, N. and others, Is it Nice Outside? – Consulting people living with dementia and carers about engaging with the natural environment, (Online: Natural England, 2016)
Wilson, Edward O., Biophilia: The human bond with other species, (London: Harvard University Press, 1984)
87.
88.
THEMATIC CASE STUDY (GROUP WORK)
89.
*
90.
*
91.
92.
*
93.
94.
*
95.
96.
*
97.
98.
*
99.
100.
*
101.
102.
*
103.
104.
*
105.
106.
APPENDIX
Natural ventilation strategy diagram (taken from
Summer sun path diagram.
ARC3013 Integrated Construction).
Fire sscape routes (taken from ARC3013 Integrated Construction).
107.
108.
Structural strategy and construction sequencing (taken from ARC3013 Integrated Construction).
109.
110.
Additional process work.
111.
112.
Framing review - miro board.
113.
114.
Synthesis review - miro board.
115.
116.