TOP NEWS
Alleyway Activation
ALLEYWAY A C T I V AT I O N
2228000280001
11 JUNE 2021 FRIDAY
MELBOURNE
7°C - 14°C
DIAGNOSING FEAR OPEN SPACES IN NORTH RICHMOND A N D P R O M O T I N G N E W T Y P E S O F S T R E E T S C A P E S 1.
Landscape Architecture design research
PRODUCED BY HUA-HUAN, FAN
RMIT UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN MASTER OF LANDSCPAE ARCHITECTURE
TUTORS BRENT GREENE JEN LYNCH JESSICA STEWART
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Alleyway Activation
CONTENTS ABSTRACT
.4
CLIENTS & SKATEHOLDERS
.5
INTRODUCTION
.6
BACKGROUND
.9
ACTUAL SAFETY & PERCEPTION OF SAFETY
.10
SAFETY RELATED NEWS & SAFE INJECTING ROOM
.12
CRIME INCIDENCE
.13
METHODOLOGY
.15
CPTED
.16
THE DEATH AND LIFE OF AMERICAN CITIES
.17
YARRA OPEN SPACE STRATEGY
.18
NOTATION
.19
SITE OF STUDY
.21
SITE CONDITION
.22
FACEADES AND ROAD WIDTH
.23
CONCLUSION OF STREET SURVEY
.27
TESTING
.29
TESTINGS
.30
TESTING LOCATIONS
.31
PARTICIPATE
.32
ACTIVATE
.35
FRAME
.38
LIFT
.41
LIGHT 1
.44
LIGHT 2
.47
IMPLY
.50
ROOF
.53
HIGHLIGHT
.56
ACTIVATION
.59
COMPONENTS
.60
NORTH RICHMOND OVERALL PLAN
.61
TYPE 1
.62
TYPE 2
.66
TYPE 3
.70
TYPE 4
.74
REFLECTION
.79
REFERENCE
.80
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Landscape Architecture design research
ABSTRACT W
hen it comes to the perception of safety in terms of landscape architecture, most practices usually have been committed to preventing crime through design, such as the CPTED principle. In fact, there is apparent evidence and gap between the acutal safety and perception of safety. Scientific facts do not always indicate the experience of humans and the environment. In the region of Melbourne metropolitan, North Richmond has a specific space complexity compared to other suburbs. It is worth mentioning that the only two safe injecting rooms in Australia and one locates in Richmond and this has made the future and living quality being doubt by people because one of the negative social outcomes is the perception of safety is somehow compromised by drug use. Although there are gaps between actual safety and an individual’s perception, perceiving perception is somehow formed by space. Landscape architecture creates spaces and provides different perceptions with them in public. In order to respond to this circumstance, this project-based on-site visit observation and mappings to comprehend the site. To be specific, this project is focusing on creating the flow of people’s movement and get potential unsafe places to get activated with coloring, vegetation, materials and infrastructure inventions.
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Establishing safe injecting rooms is a worldwide trend according to the benefits they contribute to the drug-related vulnerable groups. At the same time, it is hard to deny that there will be a more North Richmond-like society in the future. Landscape architecture might not the only one can improve the perception of safety in this case, but this way of designing natural surveillance and activating spaces can help.
Alleyway Activation
CLIENTS & SKATEHOLDERS CLIENTS SKATEHOLDERS
CITY OF YARRA
DRUG CRISIS IMPROVEMENT
AUSTRALIA GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
GENTRIFICATION
LOCAL RESIDENTS
BUSINESS AREA
CRIME PREVENTION
SAFE INJECTING ROOM
ECONOMY
PROPERTY DEVELOPERS
DEVELOPMENT
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Landscape Architecture design research
INTRODUCTION P
erception is the act of perceiving by means of the senses and it is intangible. Metric for measuring perception is possible and impossible at the same time because the perception people perceiving is significantly different depends on multiple complex factors, including the environment. The fear and threat atmosphere in North Richmond has risen while the safe injecting room was established in 2018. Public overdoses and drug waste have been seen in different laneways and other public spaces. Moreover, the local authority claimed that the crime has grown since the safe injecting room opened. In fact, the facility does help the patients and the number of overdose and addiction is generally dropped. However, the city does not serve a specific group. Crime and waste exaggerate the negative effect of the safe injecting room. The features of the city create spaces and activities, especially in human-scaled. Places that are always dirty, damp and dark are not coincident. Surrounding and spatial features have already formed the way people use the space. North Richmond needs the innovation of environmental design.
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Alleyway Activation
Life at the sharp end of Melbourne's drug debate
It's saved lives and for some people, such as drug users like Steve, the injecting room has been a godsend. Others say the streets are less safe and are strewn with dirty needles, and worse.
RESEARCH QUESTION HOW LANDSCPAE ARCHITECTURE PROVIDE THE PERCEPTIONOF SAFET Y AND PUBLIC HEALTH WITH STREETSCAPE DESIGN IN NORTH RICHMOND. UN GOAL 3.5 Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol.
9.1 Develop qualit y, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure, including regional and transborder infrastructure, to support economic development and human well-being, with a focus on affordable and equitable access for all.
16.4 By 2030, significantly reduce illicit financial and arms flows, strengthen the recovery and return of stolen assets and combat all forms of organized crime.
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Landscape Architecture design research
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Alleyway Activation
BACKGROUND
.10 .12 .13
ACTUAL SAFETY & PERCEPTION OF SAFETY
SAFETY RELATED NEWS & SAFE INJECTING ROOM
CRIME INCIDENT
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Landscape Architecture design research
ACTUAL SAFETY & PERCEPTION OF SAFETY ACTUAL SAFETY AND PERCEPTION
EMOTONAL
23 INDICATORS
GSI
RATIONAL
ACCESSMENT
NATIONAL
HUMAN
ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIETY
EXPERIENCE
SITE
PERCEPTION
IS SAFETY SAFE IN REALITY?
A
ctual safety are made up accessment people set up with variety of indicators. Global safety index is a national scale accessment and indicators, such as political instability, number of internal and external conflicts and so on. On the other hand, perception of safety is more about indivisual's experience, where ther live and their backgrounds. The greatest factor apart from actual safety and perseption of safety is that perception of safety is
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human-scaled concerned. Melbourne has one of the safe injecting rooms in Australia. From the mapping on the next page, it shows most of the safe injecting roomsare in developed countries. The benefit these facilities bring to society is undeniable, but they can provide negative effects at the same time.
Alleyway Activation
GLOBAL SAFE INDEX AND SAFE INFECTING ROOMS
1.0 - 1.5 1.5 - 2.0
MELBOURNE
ESTABLISHED IN 2018
SAFE INJECTING ROOM
ESTABLISHED IN 2000
SYNDEY
AUSTRALIA
2.0 - 2.5 2.5 - 3.0
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Landscape Architecture design research
INCIDENCE OF OVERDOSE CASES IN NORTH RICHMOND
SAFETY RELATED NEWS & SAFE INJECTING ROOM LIFE IN RICHMOND, L IVIN G NE A R A N INJECTING ROOM
N
umbers of overdose cases happened in public space in North Richmond through the past two dacades and the problem has got more awful for the private properties. People have found syringes and waste on the footpaths, driveways, front yards, clothslines and the staircases in front of the unfenced properties. The result of this is that more and more property owners have erected high fences and electronic gates across properties.
"W E WANT OUR STEET BACK"
B
usiness and residents were opposing the safe infecting room and asking the council to relocate the facility. the facility has a honeypot effect, attracting more drug users than before and from more suburbs. Moreover, poeple think the facility is too close to a primary school and dense residential housings. Authorities and people came together to stop deaths in North Richmond from drug crisis. Uncertainly, we had a trail safe injecting room.
IMAGE RESOURSE: Daniel Piotrowski (2017), Welcome to Australia's most liveable city: Inside the heroin hellhole behind the trendy cafes - full of dealers, addicts openly shooting up and kids stepping over the bodies of dead drug users. <https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4882542/North-Richmond-grips-heroin-crisis. html>
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Alleyway Activation
CRIME INCIDENT EVIDENCING THE FEAR
F
rom 2017 to 2020, upon most councils in Melbourne, City of Yarra always has the second place when it comes to crime index. Richmond has the highest figure of crime and most of them happened in streets and laneways. CRIME INDEX
CITY OF YARRA
MELBOURNE
SUBURBS
19 20
LOCATION TYPES
20
20 3,954
FLAT
1,104
HOUSE
990
OTHER RATAIL
572
CAR PARKING
360
RICHMOND
3,594
COLLINGWOOD
2,083
FITZORY
1,893
ABBOTSFORD
1,286
FITZORY NORTH
933
17
20
OFFENCE SUBGROUPS
18
20
STREET/ LANE
STEALING
1,492
PUBLIC SAFETY OFFENCE
1,151
OTHER THEFT
1,000
OTHER DECEPTION
669
CRIMINAL DAMAGE
631
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Landscape Architecture design research
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METHODOLOGY
.16 .17 .18 .19
CPTED
THE DEATH AND LIFE OF GREAT AMERICAN CITIES YARRA OPEN SPACE STRATEGY NOTATION
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Landscape Architecture design research
CPTED
C CPTED Principle
PTED principles are the basic rules for preventing crime in landscape architecture design. The notion of CPTED is to change people's act by designning the environment. The aim is to reduce the crime incident and improve the quality of life. There are mainly five strategies, including natural survillance, natural access control, natural territorial reinforcement, maintainance and activity support.
ADEQUATE LIGHTING
AVOID ENTRAPMENT
USE OF ACTIVITY GENERATORS
ALLOW FOR CLEAR SIGHT LINES
REDUCE ISOLATIONS
PROVIDE SIGNS AND INFORMATION
MINIMISE ISOLATED ROUTES
PROMOTE LAND MIX USE
DESIGN FOR CRIME PREVENTION?
P
eople with addiction seem to be the specific group in this project and this the where the problem is brought up. in fact, the drug problem is a sensitive issue and the legalization of drugs is always being questioned these years. CPTED in th-
16
is position does not prevent the crime from happening but prevents potential drug use in public and improves how people reuse the desolate spaces.
Alleyway Activation
THE DEATH AND LIFE OF GREAT AMERICAN CITIES THE IMPORTANCE OF NATURAL SURVEILLANCE
N
atural surveillance ensures law-abiding p e o p l e c a n d i s c o ve r i l l e g a l a c t i v i t i e s . Criminal activities can be seen by others crime can be reduced by the observers intervening. Observers in buildings can see what is going on on the street and defend against criminal behaviors. People on the street could see if criminals conduct illegal things in and around buildings. Most of the
waste produced by people injecting themselves, in this case, does not recognize as a crime but still can stop them dump their waste in front of the public. Once the general incidence of deliberate throwing waste and outdoor overdose cases is decreased, the fear and disgust in the community will decline at the same time.
"The trust of a city street is formed over time from many, many little public sidewalk contacts... Most of it is ostensibly trivial but the sum is not trivial at all." - Jane Jacob
Natural surveillence
Every indivilsual is an observer in the street.
2M
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Landscape Architecture design research
YARRA OPEN SPACE STRATEGY
T
he Yarra Open Space Strategy 2020 gives an overall vision for the future provision, planning, and management of open space in Yarra to 2031. It considers the current challenges and growing population and inner-city life and how these can be addressed with an expanded and improved public open space a system that contributes to a more liveable and sustainable region in the future.
FOCUSING AREA
KEW
Open Space future plan of Yarra and open space catchment
MELBOURNE CBD
This project focuses in the area of west North Richmond where the safe injecting room facility located. There are three open space decided to build in the focusing area, according to the open space strategy. The aim of this area in the document clearly shows it needs high visibility and passive surveillence for the community.
COMMERCIAL AREA OPEN SPACE YARRA RIVER OPEN SPACE CATCHMENT COUNCIL PROPOSE AREA ON-GOING OPEN SPACE
500M
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Alleyway Activation
NOTATION DRAWING PERCEPTION
T
he techniques of notation from Rudolf Laban and Premjit Talwar provide a framework for drawing the perception within spaces. Both two notation techniques abstract the value and function of actual space. In this way of drawing, the plan
drawings produced by landscape architects can translate the space into feeling to some extance and easier for people to read and compare the perception through graphics.
EDGES
NOTATION TECHIQUES
PATHS
NODES
LANDMARKS
DISTRICTS
A BREAK IN CONTINUITY BETWEEN 3 PATHS
LOSS OF CONTACT
PATH TURNS RIGHT
IMAGE RESOURSE: Premjit Talwar (2012), Notation Systems in Architecture / Kevin Lynch (1965), The View From the Road
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Landscape Architecture design research
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Alleyway Activation
SITE OF STUDY
.22 .23 .27
SITE CODITION
FACADES AND ROAD WIDTH
CONCLUDSION OF STREET SURVEY
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Landscape Architecture design research
SITE CONDITON
N
orth Richmond is mostly covered by residential area with different size of streets and laneways. Safe infecting room is on Lennox Street with primary school, parking lots and five social housings around. Victoria street is the commercial center of this area.
SAFE INFECTING ROOM
PUBLIC HOUSING
ST.
SHELLEY S
T.
VICTORIA
CHURCH ST .
LITHGOW S
WILLIAM S
NICHOLS
PRINCES ST.
T.
T.
ON ST.
NOLLI MAP: NORTH RICHMOND
PRIMARY SCHOOL
ELIZABETH
ST.
ELIZABE
BAKER ST.
TH ST.
LENNOX
ST.
GARFIELD ST .
M PL. BORMHA
YORK ST.
BUILDING
22
KENT ST.
SOMERSE
T ST.
ST.
ST. CHURCH
ST.
THOMAS
ELLIS ST.
LENNOX
OPEN SPACE
ST.
HIGHETT
PRIVATE SPACE
AM ST.
BELGIUM
LENNOX
ST.
EGAN ST.
BUCKINGH
AVE.
PEERS ST.
BLOCK BOUNDARY
CHURCH
ST.
SIMTH ST.
100M
Alleyway Activation
FACADES AND ROAD WITDTH This is the most typical kind of streetscape in North Richmond. The windows and front yards of each property in this kind of density provide a level of safety.
GARFIELD STREET SECTION
10M
GARFIELD STREET
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Landscape Architecture design research
NO NAME LANEWAY SECTION
People don't go through this kind of laneway very often. This type of lane is usually in the middle of two garages or solid walls with no windows. When you walk in a path like this, it feels likes isolated and compressed without any physical interaction and natural surveillance.
4M
NO NAME
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Alleyway Activation
Victoria Street, one of the most crowded streets and commercial centers in North Richmond. First-floored storefronts and heavy traffic ensure the use of streets which relatively hard to feel unsafe.
VICTORIA STREET SECTION
20M
VICTORIA STREET
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Landscape Architecture design research
LENNOX STREET SECTION
Open spaces like parks on one side of the street give people a wider and more comfortable visual experience while walking in the city. It also implies the public of gathering and activities, which means a good level of natural surveillance.
12M
LENNOX STREET
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Alleyway Activation
CONCLUSION OF THIS STREETS SURVEY
A
ST.
SHELLEY S
T.
VICTORIA
CHURCH ST .
LITHGOW S
WILLIAM S
NICHOLS
PRINCES ST.
T.
T.
and becomes a problematic space. In addition, the establishment of a safe injecting room has impacted those laneways even worst. People find the waste of used Syringe. Sometimes they witness drug users overdose and faint in the laneway.
ELIZABETH
POTENTIAL UNSAFE AREA
ON ST.
ccording to the previous street survey and my site visit experience, spaces that are narrow and no visual accessibility are having more possibility to be dump by waste. This, in turn, forms a negative atmosphere in people's minds
ST.
ELIZABE
BAKER ST.
TH ST.
LENNOX
ST.
GARFIELD ST .
M PL. BORMHA
YORK ST.
BUILDING
KENT ST.
SOMERSE
T ST.
ST.
ST. CHURCH
ST.
THOMAS
ST. LENNOX
OPEN SPACE PRIVATE SPACE
ELLIS ST.
HIGHETT
UNSAFE FACADE
AM ST.
BELGIUM
LENNOX
ST.
EGAN ST.
BUCKINGH
AVE.
PEERS ST.
BLOCK BOUNDARY
CHURCH
ST.
SIMTH ST.
100M
27
Landscape Architecture design research
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Alleyway Activation
TESTING
.30
TESTINGS
.31 .32 .41 .50
TESTING LOCATIONS
PARTICIPATE
.35
ACTIVATE
LIFT
.44
LIGHT 1
IMPLY
.53
ROOF
.38
FRAME
.47
LIGHT 2
.56
HIGHLIGHT
29
Landscape Architecture design research
SC 1/100
TESTINGS ICONS
TESTINGS
ACTIVATE
FRAME
LIFT
LIGHT 1
LIGHT 2
IMPLY
ROOF
HIGHLIGHT
PARTICIPATE
30
Alleyway Activation
TESTING LOCATIONS TESTING ISTES
SITE 1
SITE 2
SITE 3
SITE 4
100M
SITE 2
SITE 1
SITE 4
SITE 3
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Landscape Architecture design research
PARTICIPATE - PLAN
PARTICIPATE
B B'
A A'
2M
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Alleyway Activation
PARTICIPATE - SECTIONS
BEFORE
2M
AFTER
2M A
A'
B
B'
AFTER
2M
33
PARTICIPATE - PERCEPTION
Landscape Architecture design research
D I S A D V E N T A G E
A
D
The laneway is secluded with walls and people rarely walk through it.
Community gardens and new amenities make the members of the neighborhood take care of the laneway space.
BEFORE
BUILDING ENTRANE INTERFACE BUILDING EDGE
34
STREET EDGE
TOPOGRAPHY
V
E
N
AFTER
AMENITY
PEOPLE (ONE POINT PER PERSON)
T A
G
E
Alleyway Activation
ACTIVATE ACTIVATE - PLAN
D D'
C C'
2M
35
ACTIVATE - SECTION
Landscape Architecture design research
BEFORE
2M
street tree
AFTER
2M C
C'
outdoor cafe
AFTER
2M D
36
D'
Alleyway Activation
A
D
The laneway is secluded with walls and people rarely walk through it.
Building offset areas transform the space n the middle of the laneway a small commercial hub.
BEFORE
BUILDING ENTRANE INTERFACE BUILDING EDGE
TOPOGRAPHY
V
E
N
T A
G
E
ACTIVATE - PERCEPTION
D I S A D V E N T A G E
AFTER
AMENITY
PEOPLE (ONE POINT PER PERSON)
STREET EDGE
37
Landscape Architecture design research
FRAME - PLAN
FRAME
F F'
E E'
2M
38
Alleyway Activation
FRAME - SECTIONS
BEFORE
2M
aluminum frame aluminum wall
AFTER
2M E
E'
aluminum frame outdoor cafe
AFTER
2M F
F'
39
FRAME - PERCEPTION
Landscape Architecture design research
D I S A D V E N T A G E
A
D
The laneway is secluded with walls and people rarely walk through it.
New walls and frames create other use of space and diversity of space figures.
BEFORE
BUILDING ENTRANE INTERFACE BUILDING EDGE
40
STREET EDGE
TOPOGRAPHY
V
E
N
AFTER
AMENITY
PEOPLE (ONE POINT PER PERSON)
T A
G
E
Alleyway Activation
LIFT LIFT - PLAN
G
G'
2M
41
LIFT - SECTION
Landscape Architecture design research
BEFORE
cafe
staircases and ramp
AFTER
G
42
G'
Alleyway Activation
A
D
The laneway is secluded with walls and people rarely walk through it.
The higher ground prompts people to enter and provides better visualization.
BEFORE
BUILDING ENTRANE INTERFACE BUILDING EDGE
TOPOGRAPHY
V
E
N
T A
G
E
LIFT - PERCEPTION
D I S A D V E N T A G E
AFTER
AMENITY
PEOPLE (ONE POINT PER PERSON)
STREET EDGE
43
Landscape Architecture design research
LIGHT 1 - PLAN
LIGHT 1
H H'
2M
44
Alleyway Activation
LIGHT 1 - SECTIONS
BEFORE
1M
chair
light wire
AFTER
1M H
H'
45
LIGHT 1 - PERCEPTION
Landscape Architecture design research
D I S A D V E N T A G E
A
D
The laneway is secluded with walls and people rarely walk through it.
The lights create a brighter and more playful space in the laneway.
BEFORE
BUILDING ENTRANE INTERFACE BUILDING EDGE
46
STREET EDGE
TOPOGRAPHY
V
E
N
AFTER
AMENITY
PEOPLE (ONE POINT PER PERSON)
T A
G
E
Alleyway Activation
LIGHT 2 LIGHT 2 - PLAN
I
I'
2M
47
LIGHT 2 - SECTION
Landscape Architecture design research
BEFORE
1M
LED screen
brick-liked light
AFTER
I
I'
1M
48
Alleyway Activation
A
D
The laneway is secluded with walls and people rarely walk through it.
The continuous LED screens display media and leading people the way with flashing screens like window shopping.
BEFORE
BUILDING ENTRANE INTERFACE BUILDING EDGE
TOPOGRAPHY
V
E
N
T A
G
E
LIGHT 2 - PERCEPTION
D I S A D V E N T A G E
AFTER
AMENITY
PEOPLE (ONE POINT PER PERSON)
STREET EDGE
49
Landscape Architecture design research
IMPLY - PLAN
IMPLY
J
J'
2M
50
Alleyway Activation
IMPLY - SECTIONS
BEFORE
1M
iron bar
speed bump
AFTER
J
J'
1M
51
IMPLY - PERCEPTION
Landscape Architecture design research
D I S A D V E N T A G E
A
D
The starting point of the alleyway is not obvious in some points of view which makes it none priority to pedestrians.
Plantations and pave integration attract people to enter the alleyway.
BEFORE
BUILDING ENTRANE INTERFACE BUILDING EDGE
52
STREET EDGE
TOPOGRAPHY
V
E
N
AFTER
AMENITY
PEOPLE (ONE POINT PER PERSON)
T A
G
E
Alleyway Activation
ROOF ROOF - PLAN
K
K'
2M
53
ROOF - SECTION
Landscape Architecture design research
BEFORE
1M
roof structure
cafe
path
AFTER
K'
K
1M
54
Alleyway Activation
A
The laneway is secluded with walls and people rarely walk through it.
The cafe and dinning area form a small commerial area to serve the sorrounding neighborhood.
BEFORE
AFTER
BUILDING ENTRANE INTERFACE BUILDING EDGE
TOPOGRAPHY
AMENITY
D
V
E
N
T A
G
E
ROOF - PERCEPTION
D I S A D V E N T A G E
PEOPLE (ONE POINT PER PERSON)
STREET EDGE
55
Landscape Architecture design research
HIGHLIGHT - PLAN
HIGHLIGHT
56
Alleyway Activation
N
A
R
R
O
W HIGHLIGHT - PERCEPTION
Dark wall will make people feel the space become narrower than usual.
H I G H L I G H T Installing some white walls in the middle of dark walls will highlight the white walls and give a sense of landmark.
E
N
L
A
R
G
E
White walls will amplify the space than usual.
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Landscape Architecture design research
“The trust of a city street is formed over time from many, many little public sidewalk contacts... Most of it is ostensibly trivial but the sum is not trivial at all.” - Jane Jacobs
58
Alleyway Activation
ACTIVATION
.60
COMPONENTS
.61
NORTH RICHMOND OVERALL PLAN
.62
TYPE 1
.66
TYPE 2
.70
TYPE 3
.74
TYPE 4
59
Landscape Architecture design research
COMPONENTS TOOL KITS FOR ALLEYWAYS
D
rovide a more comprehensive detail. This technque also questions the author itself if any chance that each tool kit can combine or interact in order to create a new idea.
TOOL KITS
ifferent from the testing part, every single strategy on the testing site is developed into a series of tool kits. Tool kits play an important role in putting the design into real site condition and p-
60
PARTICIPATE
ACTIVATE
FRAME
LIFT
LIGHT1
LIGHT2
IMPLY
ROOF
HIGHLIGHT
Alleyway Activation
NORTH RICHMOND OVERALL PLAN IMPLEMENT IN THE SITE
I
map below shows the final development of the main four designs and they are prototypes to apply to the part of North Richmond streetscapes. Type 5 (Pave) will not be shown as a single prototype because works of the other four types have included. STREET TYPE STRATEGIES
LITHGOW
CHURCH ST .
ST.
n general, from the previous site survey, the unsafe laneway or alley are sorted into four types of conditions and one paving type. Due to these four types of streetscapes and their features, different design strategies take from tool kits have been integrated to face the real site conditions. The
VICTORIA
ST. ST.
LENNOX
ST.
SHELLEY S
T.
VICTORIA
GARFIELD ST .
BELGIUM
LENNOX
ST.
AVE.
CHURCH
ST.
SIMTH ST.
TYPE 1 TYPE 2 TYPE 3 TYPE 4
HIGHETT
ST.
TYPE 5
100M
61
Landscape Architecture design research
TYPE 1
T
YPE 1 located in an alleyway with no name. The biggest change in this laneway is that number of frames are installed to create a tunnel-liked space for people to travel. In the middle of lane, a staircase allows people to stand on the platform (one of the frames) and enjoy another cityscape view. Below the platform, there is a public toilet. Under the two sides of the platform, there are two open spaces formed by offsetting the original residential buildings and change the land use of these buildings into mixed-use. This will generate activities and people flow with the commercial zone. The color of the walls in the alleyway has changed in different depth to highlight the important area for visualization and travel experience. At night, the LED screens and light can guide and display all kinds of media.
ACTIVATE
FRAME
TYPE 2 TYPE 1
LIGHT2
TYPE 4
TYPE 5
TYPE 3
200M
62
HIGHLIGHT
Alleyway Activation
lights inlay on wall
cafe
sign
concrete made frame TYPE 1 - ISOMETRIC VIEW
platform
offset zone for new commercial area
restaurant
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Landscape Architecture design research
TYPE 1 - SITE PICTURE
BEFORE
BEFORE PHOTO: Hua-huan, Fan
64
Alleyway Activation
TYPE 1 - PERSPECTIVE
AFTER
AFTER 65
Landscape Architecture design research
TYPE 2
T
YPE 2 located in an alleyway with no name. The laneway is designed into a solid platform that looks like a mountain from the section. On the two sides of the lane entrances, there are slopes that slightly increase the height with two staircases on two sides. Community gardens are installed in the lane. People from the neighborhood can grow their own plants in the gardens. At the peak of the platform, this space is designed into a tiny square to provide a place for a short stay. There are wired lights and decorations hanging in the sky. At night, the LED screens and light can guide and display all kinds of media.
LIFT
PARTICIPATE
TYPE 2 TYPE 1
LIGHT2
TYPE 4
TYPE 5
TYPE 3
200M
66
HIGHLIGHT
Alleyway Activation
lights inlay on wall
LED screen
chair
community garden TYPE 2 - ISOMETRIC VIEW
staircases and ramp
67
Landscape Architecture design research
TYPE 2 - SITE PICTURE
BEFORE
BEFORE PHOTO: Hua-huan, Fan
68
Alleyway Activation
TYPE 2 - PERSPECTIVE
AFTER
AFTER 69
Landscape Architecture design research
TYPE 3
T
YPE 3 located at the intersection of Lennox Street and Little Butler Street. The aim of this design is to imply people to use the new streetscapes. New pavement is planned to integrate and link other designs together. The topography of the intersection is lift and transformed into a speed bump and with the same pavement style. This will change the intersection into a city square. A design more focuses on pedestrians rather than vehicles and implies people to use the new laneway at the same time. The color of the walls around the intercestion has changed in different depth to highlight the important area for visualization and travel experience. At night, the LED screens and light can guide and display all kinds of media.
IMPLY
TYPE 2 TYPE 1
LIGHT2
TYPE 4
TYPE 5
TYPE 3
200M
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HIGHLIGHT
Alleyway Activation
speed bump
ramp
iron bar TYPE 3 - ISOMETRIC VIEW
light wall
dark wall
restaurant
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Landscape Architecture design research
TYPE 3 - SITE PICTURE
BEFORE
BEFORE IMAGE RESOURSE: GOOGLE EARTH
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Alleyway Activation
TYPE 3 - PERSPECTIVE
AFTER
AFTER 73
Landscape Architecture design research
TYPE 4
T
YPE 4 located at a path next to injecting room and car park building. The path is reconstructed with new pavement and roof structure. The roof structure is not completely cover and this allows sunlight to create diversification of shadow under the structure and changed over time. Furthermore, an outdoor cafe can open in the path space and serve. this will bring more people to come and mitigate the dark and dirty feeling before.
ROOF
TYPE 2 TYPE 1
ACTIVATE
TYPE 4
TYPE 5
TYPE 3
200M
74
LIGHT1
Alleyway Activation
roof structure
roof
parking lot TYPE 4 - ISOMETRIC VIEW
cafe
path
outdoor dinning area
parking building
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Landscape Architecture design research
TYPE 4 - SITE PICTURE
BEFORE
BEFORE PHOTO: Hua-huan, Fan
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Alleyway Activation
TYPE 4 - PERSPECTIVE
AFTER
AFTER 77
Landscape Architecture design research
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Alleyway Activation
REFLECTION A
lleyway Activation is a newspaper form document for analyzing personal safety issue and provides a way of thinking about personal safety perception in terms of landscape architecture. Humanity, to be specific, behavior and perception is what I am interested in. This includes politics, psychology, and society. Alleyway Activation reflects upon the relationship between what I interested in and landscape architecture.
This project involves a relatively sensitive and controversial group and community of drug users. As the legalization of the drug is being mentioned and talked about over the world, a safe injecting room becomes an alternative savior to people having an addiction. But what is the external impact of this progressive facility has brought to the community, I questioned myself. People feel fear and loath about it. This kind of perception of personal safety is not totally promised by the authority to some extent. it is more about the surroundings and environment.
Safety? What kind of safety? Are there any metric and authorized ways to measure "Safety"? "Eyes on the street" theory from Jane Jacob If no, is safety more about perception? How does inspired me a lot. She gives me a new lens through perception be shown? observing the streets. "Street" is a plain and empty space to laymen. In fact, different kind of streets Safety has been count with multiple factors has contained specific spatial features which in a very scientific way. For instance, the Global influence to our perception of personal safety. safe index adds on 23 factors from domestic economic to International threats. Ironically, In this particular book, the potentially unsafe these factors do not represent the perception a spaces which produce negative perception human being perceives from a human scale. Not have been designed into a series of innovative even close. Most academic social experiments use streetscapes composed of tool kits. But this questionnaires and this is unilateral. This means o u t c o m e d o e s n ' t n o t o n l y a p p l y t o N o r t h there is no absolute way to metric perception Richmond, other areas where have serious because perception is very different for everyone. perception issues are favorable. The approaches can ensure the perception of low occupied spaces The gap between actual safety and perception or potential unsafe areas being ameliorated and of safety is significant. Landscape architecture has promote community gentrification integration. always deal with actual safety.Then, how about the perception of safety?
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REFERENCE BIBLOGRAGHY >National crime prevention council (2003), CPTED guidebook >City of Yarra (2020), Yarra Open Space Strategy >Jan Gehl (2011), Life Between Buildings: Using Public Space >Jane Jacob (1961), The Death And Life Of Great American Cities >Kevin Lynch (1965), The View From the Road >Donald Appleyard (1982), Livable Streets >David Nicholas Buck (2017), A Musicology For Landscpae
ARTICLES > Jewel Topfields (2019), Life at the sharp end of Melbourne's drug debate > Laura J. Loewen, Gary Daniel Steel, Peter Suedfeld (1993), Perceived safety from crime in the urban environment >Don T. Luymes. Ken Tamminga (1995), Integrating public safety and use into planning urban greenways >Chester Harvey, Lisa Aultman-Hall, Stephanie E. Hurley, Austin Troy (2015) Effects of skeletal streetscape design on perceived safety, >The Age, Rachel Eddie (2019), Police say Richmond crime has risen since safe injecting room opened >The Police Association Victoria, Herald Sun (2019), Police report rising crime, drug use around Richmond injecting room, union survey reveals >International Network of Drug Consumption Rooms (2015), What is a Drug Consumption Room (DCR)? >Maureen Corrigan (2016), 'Eyes On The Street' Details Jane Jacobs' Efforts To Put Cities First >Dora Houpis (2020), ‘My life in Richmond’, living near an injecting room >Premjit Talwar (2012), Notation Systems in Architecture >Eduardo Souza (2020), How Colors Change the Perception of Interior Spaces >Thao-Mi Bui, Sao Yang Hew, Nick Henderson, Miguel Ayala, Klinsmann Lee, Gabriel Chenkov-Shaw, Yun Zou (2019), Drugs in Australia. Is it a Problem? >Jason King (2010), Representing Motion >Robby Herbst (2015), City Choreographer: Lawrence Halprin in Urban Renewal America
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