SHAN LIANG (JEFFREY)
Vigourscape (Re)organise the TangZha Industrial Community HOW CAN LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE REORGANISE AN EXISTING INDUSTRIAL FORM WITH OTHER LANDSCAPE TYPOLOGIES TO RECONNECT TANGZHA INDUSTRIAL COMMUNITY?
ADR MASTER OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE Shan Liang(Jeffrey) Student no. s3277379 Email: jeffrey.shanliang@gmail.com School Of Architecture And Design RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia 2012
SHAN LIANG (JEFFREY)
Vigourscape (Re)organise the TangZha Industrial Community HOW CAN LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE REORGANISE AN EXISTING INDUSTRIAL FORM WITH OTHER LANDSCAPE TYPOLOGIES TO RECONNECT TANGZHA INDUSTRIAL COMMUNITY?
ABSTRACT
Tangzha is a 110 year old industry town in Jiangsu province, China. Now these factories are redundant and the site is required by the government to be transformed into art district. However, the whole town environment and culture background cannot support it to a sustained development; the limited brief will emphasize commercial significance rather than stimulate exuberant and resilient strength of industrial heritage. As a Tangzha people I concern how this development integrates with the town culture by landscape architecture, and also offer recreational services for local community. The design intention is to create a memorable and flexible place embodies small businesses, also engages the site’s unique existing structure and utilizes the ecological technology to provide a public landscape for the underserved neighbourhood of Tangzha. The design research project will identify different quality of landscape typologies such as recreational space and loft style working space, and hybridise them based on environmental sensitivity, reorganizational strategy of brownfield space and human behaviour to generate a new form. In my project design investigations I will reset the function of existing building by new working typologies such as office work, artist’s workshop, design studio, café, and retail, to define new sense of place, then according to circulation analysis, view analysis, shadow analysis, wind analysis and quality of building and structure to organise the exterior space that allows for individual and group work, staging of large events with audiences, local festivals, recreational programs, etc.. In addition I will focus on rainwater collection, canal water purification and plants to create an environmental friendly space for local living creature.
6414 Acres
22 Acres
98 Enterprises
2 Acres
55,000 Residents
12 Acres
Transportation
3,000 Workers
Public Programs
8 Hours Working
Working Hour 2 Hours Break
Festivals
-4℃ 0℃ 4℃ 8℃ 12℃16℃ 20℃24℃28℃32℃36℃ 40℃
Monthly Maximun Temperature
30 40
50 60
70 80
90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160
Jan.
Jan.
Feb.
Feb.
Mar.
Mar.
Apr.
Apr.
May June
Monthly Maximun Rainwater
May June
July
July
Aug.
Aug.
Sept.
Sept.
Oct.
Oct.
Nov.
Nov.
Dec.
Dec.
1.5 k m
1895
1949
1912 1963
1895
1963
8M
6
5
4
3
1
1912
1949
1963
Parkland
Lane system
Waterfront
Relationship
798 Art District in 2009 by Turenscape 798 Art Zone or Dashanzi Art District, is a part of Dashanzi in the Chaoyang District of Beijing that houses a thriving artistic community, among 50-year old decommissioned military factory buildings of unique architectural style. It is often compared with New York's Greenwich Village or SoHo. The area is often called the 798 Art District or Factory 798 although technically, Factory #798 is only one of several structures within a complex formerly known as Joint Factory 718. The buildings are located inside alleys number 2 and 4 on Jiuxiānqiáo Road, south of the Dàshānziqiáo flyover.
PROPOSAL
ART DISTRICT
LANDSCAPE AS A BACKGROUND
STATEGIES
SUPPORT ART WORK
FIX INFRASTRUCTURE
ECOLOGIAL TECNOLOGY
Landschaftspark duisburg nord in 1991 by Latz + Partner This is a retired iron factory that transform to a public park in Duisburg Nord, Germany. Its intention is to heal and understand the industrial past, rather than trying to reject it. The concept is to preserve the existing site also allowed the polluted soils to be remediated through phytoremediation. In addition, the park emphasized specific programmatic elements to interact with the surrounding site, such as intimate gardens, diving and climbing, etc. Landschaftspark is a public park located in Duisburg Nord, Germany. It was designed in 1991 by Latz + Partner (Peter Latz), with the intention that it work to heal and understand the industrial past, rather than trying to reject it. The park closely associates itself with the past use of the site: a coal and steel production plant (abandoned in 1985, leaving the area significantly polluted) and the agricultural land it had been prior to the mid 19th century.
PROPOSAL
LANDSCAPE PARK
PRESERVE EXISTING PLANTS
PRESERVE EXISTING STRUCTURE
RAINWATER COLLECTION
STATEGIES
CONNECT WITH CITY
CIRCULATION SYSTEM
WATER FEATURE
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTIC
The steel yard in 2011 by Klopfer Martin Design Group The Steel Yard acts as a catalyst in the creative revitalization of the industrial valley district of Providence, Rhode Island. In fostering the industrial arts and incubating small business, the nonprofit seeks to cultivate an environment of experimentation and a community strengthened by creative networks. The design intent is to create a memorable and flexible place for this growing, arts-based non-profit that embodies their mission, engages the site’s unique existing structures, utilizes the best sustainable practices possible within a constrained budget, and provides a public landscape to an underserved neighborhood of Providence.
PROPOSAL
FOR UNDERSERVED NEIGHBORHOOD
HOLDING PUBLIC EVENT
STATEGIES
A CENTRAL SPACE
MOAT
BRIDGES + WORKSPACES
FILTERS + EDGES
QUALITY OF BUILDING
Structure
Details
Function
Outlook
Identity
Dilapidated
Low Quality
Temperary
Boundary
Chemical
DENSITY
FACILITY& STRUCTURE
SHADOW ANALYSIS
N
WIND ANALYSIS
BUSINESS TYPOLOGIES
CAFE WITH WATERFRONT
ARTIST'S WORKSHOP WITH PUBLIC SPACE
RETAIL WITH ROAD INTERFACE
DESIGN STUDIO WITH WATERFRONT
SPACE BETWEEN ARTIST'S WORKSHOP
RETAIL WITH ROAD INTERFACE
PUBLIC SPACE BETWEEN DENSE BUILDIG
SPACE BETWEEN DESIGN STUDIO
DESIGN STUDIO WITH PUBLIC SPACE
EDGES TREATMENT
Summarized Plan
VIEW AXIS & CIRCULATION ANALYSIS
RECREATIONAL TYPOLOGIES
Possible Plan
Possible Plan
Possible Plan
Possible Plan
Section
Section
Section
Section
Section
Section
fibre
PROBLEMS
alkali
others hog en
chlorine
pat
fig 05: water pollution diagram
polluted area
The effluent from paper mill contains higher alkali elements, fibre and other nutrients. These substances will first kill water plants and then lead to water metamorphic. In addition, other substances will consume oxygen in the water, thereby fish can’t survive anymore. Finally, the whole water system lost the vitality and contributing to the growth of bacteria and pathogens. Currently, paper mill stoped to produce anymore, but the quality of the canal is under lower grade v. 
SO2 DUST NO CO NO SO NO DUST CO
DUST NO SO
CO CO 2 SO2 CO SO2 CO SO2 CO2 CO NO CO2
SO2 CO SO2 CO NO
2
CO SO2
CO2
2
2
2 SOCO
2
CO
SO
2 SOCO
CO
CO
2 SO
ST DU
ST DU
NO
NO
O
ST DU
C ST DU 2 SO NO
2 SO
CO
2 SO
2 SO
2 CO
NO
NO
CO
2 CO
CO
2 CO
2
2 2 CO SO
CO
NO
2 SO
2 SO
ST DU
NO
CO
CO
2 CO
CO
2 O SO N
NO
CO
2 SO
CO
fig.06: air pollution diagram
ur d
ioxi
xide ono on m carb
sulf
de
nitrogen
others
de
oxi n di
o
t dus
carb
steel factory
In the south and north there are two sources of air pollution factories, mainly produce polluting gases and suspended solids. If a small number of pollutants in the air the impact will be minimal. However, these pollutants increase to dangerous levels will lead to a serious impact on the environment, water and human.
chemical factory air pollution factories
past
now fig.07: broken relationship diagram
The factories closed down due to pollution, which makes this place break the relationship with around. How other factors can repair this relationship, which needs to be define in design process.

g
ins walkin
0M 2Km 15-2
fig.08: less parkland
These is only one public park at east side, people who are living in west side have to walk 15 to 20 minutes to get there. This could be an opportunity to create a park in west side.

QUALITIES OF LANDSCAPE TYPOLOGIES
LANDSCAPE GENE
lakes
swamp
pond diverse typologies
animals
intertidal zone
stream water feature estuary divers plants formal style
wetland
green lungs
filtration
natural style field modern style garden landscape tpyologies meeting
square
public activities park
exercise
relaxation
multi-function
plaza
yard
touring
diverse service time abundant form
street ferrying
botanical garden
sports park
children park
walking & touring
zoo diverse typologies
exercise & touring driving
cultural park
cemetery fig.09: landscape gene
Landscape gene can be divided into eight categories, including: wetland, field, square, plaza, street, yard, park and garden. These filial genes reflect out more detailed features and qualities. For instance, wetland has plant diversity, conserving water and attract animals etc. and it can be divided into swaps, lakes, ponds, tidal flats, streams and estuaries. 
SCENARIO 1
SCENARIO 1 PROCESS
Scenario 1 (fig.10) hybridises existing problem and potential opportunity into vigorous landscape gene, and it might represent both positive gene in an offspring landscape. The intention is to create a leisure place, a productive place for public and also emphasizes cultural significance. Water pollution is main problem in the site, it can be solved by wetland. However, according to site criteria and wetland qualities, pond might suit for this site, thereby small scale water feature will be design in the main landcape structure. In addition, it has opportunity to create a cultural park because a lot of historical and industrial elements. These elements should be carefully defined the quality and engaged with water feature to generate the park. I suppose cultural park not only increase parkland for public but also become an industrial museum, and also re-using industrial infrastructure is another chance to transform the quality.

site gene diagram
landscape gene diagram pond
animals water feature wetland
divers plants formal style green lungs
filtration
natural style chimney
pipes
modern style garden
machine
water tower
site industrial infrastructure
landscape tpyologies
meeting
public activities park
exercise relaxation
touring less parkland broken relationship problems water pollution
cultural park
pollution
air pollution
meeting
public activities
relaxation pipes
cultural park
machine
problems
chimney water tower
touring
scenario 1 industrial infrastructure
intimate garden
modern style
exercise
less parkland
broken relationship
pollution water feature
natural style pond
formal style
green lungs
filtration
animals
divers plants fig.10: scenario 1 gene diagram

WATER POLLUTION TREATMENT
B 2 B 4
2 3
4 1
A A 3 2
canal system 1
walking bridge
2
vehicle bridge
3
canal gate
4
dock
7.00 3.5M 3.00 20M 0.00
waterbank section A-A industrial zone is 4meters higher than normal water level and 3meters higher than riverbed.
7M
6M
3M
40M 1M
tidal influence section B-B the highest tidal level is 6meters and the lowest tidal level is 1meters
canal
filteration
terrace biological purification
water filtration diagram (Feng, Y 2011) water filtration systerm by utilising topography to be mainly divided into 9 process.
soil biological purification
heavy metal purification

pathogen purification
The canal system provides an abundant water resources, but these water need to be filtered before it is safe to be utilise. In design process, I think about chemical, physical, biological and plants treatment (Dr Kongjian, Yu 2010) to deal this issue, and also utilise 4 meters high gap between industrial zone and canal to organise landscape topography to achieve filtration system.
fig.11: water filtration systerm diagram
Emerged plant
List of living style of water-filtering plants lotus
willow herb
calamus
Softstem bulrush
thalia dealbata
pontederia cordata
rhizoma alismatis
water lily
nuphar pumila
gorgon fruit
banana-plant
hydrocharitaceae
azollafiliculoides
eichhornia crassipes
water platter
lagaro-siphon
myriophyllum
hydrilla varticillata
cedar moss
potamogeton malaianus
eel grass
potamogeton crispus
cabomba caroliniana
Submerged plant
Floating-leaved plant
phragmites
plants have been divided into three groups. leaves are over water surface, leaves are floating on the water surface and leaves are under water surface (Han, W 2011).
nutrition purification
integrated vegetation purification
water quality stabilisation and control

gravel biological purification
clean water
UTILISING INFRASTRUCTURE
water tower
chimney
pipe
facilities
These facilities don’t have previous function anymore, but it isn’t common to see in modern society. People always curious about what they are, what do they do. Therefore, garden could utilise this curiousness to transform these facilities to some intimate garden. First view (fig.13) is beside main workshop towards parkland. Second view (fig.13) is from wetland towards workshop.
fig.12: design sketch
workshop view
wetland view fig.13: design perspective

MASTER PLAN
A
A
N
0
20
40
80
120m
master plan
14M
5M
14M
A-A section
5M
14M
landscape facilities
wetland
parkland
ground
fig.14: master plan layers
5M
25M

RELECTION
Scenario 1 clearly shows that the intention directs to a wetland industrial heritage park. The site has significant historical elements, also a wetland park could effectively improve, emphasize and demonstrate historical heritage. So it is positive to combine them together. However, large amount of workshop have been demolished in the process, and will lead to architecture function doesn't well used. The spatial organization is still not clear to demonstrate the quality of design. In addition, intimate garden should be carefully defined with the site criteria and think about how to utilise them and also how to maintain and interact with public. There are a lot of materials in the site, one challenge is how to utilise them to display vigorous gene in the design. The last thing is the water which is after purification doesn't be utilised in landscape. And need to think about how it contributes to the design.

SCENARIO 2
SCENARIO 2 PROCESS
Scenario 2 (fig.12) hybridises more industrial gene into vigorous landscape gene. The intention is to maximally combine with environment and rebuild the relationship. This site is surrounding by diverse types, such as commerce, resident, school, hospital, entertainment and industry. These area or zone has their own unique identity and function. How do landscape genes relate each of them? I suppose plaza might suitable to deal this complicated boundary. In addition, in the south and east these are lot of lanes and roads connecting with outside, people are easily to access in there. Therefore, rethinking these street and utilise their vigorous gene to improve existing street quality. Also re-using industrial infrastructure is similar to scenario 1.

site gene
landscape gene resident
commerce
school
bicycle industry
ship
hospital
typologies
walking formal style
entertainment bus
transportation
natural style
car
chimney
connectivity pipes
modern style garden
machine
landscape tpyologies
water tower
site industrial infrastructure
waterfront
multi-function plaza
diverse service time abundant form
street
ferrying exercise & touring
walking & touring driving pollution
resident
street
connectivity
school
commerce
ferrying
typologies
walking & touring
exercise & touring
hospital
entertainment industry
driving
scenario 2 multi-function water tower intimate garden
diverse service time
industrial infrastructure machine
modern style natural style
chimney formal style
pipes fig.15: scenario 2 gene diagram

plaza
abundant form
DIVERSE CONNECTIVITY
A
4
3
2
2
A
1 N
0
20
40
80
120m
road system
3M
4 20M
1
20ms road
3.5M
20M
3
3.5ms road
7M
40M
2
7ms road
A-A section
>3.5ms line
These are abundant spatial hierarchy and ground space in this site. They are positive resource in design. However, if architecture transform to commerce or retain industrial function, these spaces only service for commerce or factory. It doesn't match my intention, so I reorganise and utilise the roof of first level and second level to create a continuous circulation, which also link with ground. Therefore, it is an opportunity to design a roof garden or roof park.
3D models
herb & flowers
climbing plant
bush & dungarunga
List of living style of air-filtering plants wisteria sinensis
buxus sinica
pinus parviflora
prunus mume
nerium oleander
ligustrum lucidum
juniperus chinensis
Punica granatum Linn
vitis vinifera
parthenocissus tricuspidata
ranunculaceae
campsis grandiflora
lonicera japonica
creeping fig
ipomoea nil
common vladimiria root
cockscomb flower
erodium stephanianum
antirrhinum majus
magnoliophyta
daisy
callistephus chinensis
zephyranthes candida
dichondra
plants have been divided into three groups. Bush & tree, climbing plant and herb & flowers (120, C 2010).

BUILT FABRIC
fig.16: spatial condition between each workshop
spatial condition
There are abundant space on the roof, so it is an opportunity to organise them to a continuous circulation.
level 1 and level 2 deck

first deck view
ground view
fig.17: design perspective

MASTERPLAN
A
A
N
0
20
40
80
120m
masterplan
A-A section
roof garden
second level deck
first level deck
ground
fig.13: master plan layers

RELECTION
Scenario 2 is to retain factory production, and utilise roof condition to create a continuous roof garden for public, and also considering to the complicated environment to combine with plaza to deal the boundary. Retaining the factory is just an experiment, just endow the architecture a function. Either factory or business, or other function will bring a new definition to the site. They have a common problem is that the site just only serve for special populations, such as worker, customer. Public can’t fully participate in this place. Therefore, it is positive to reorganise roof space to create a place for people. A continuous circulation organise ground floor, first floor and second floor together, and also it might be interesting to combine with roof garden. However, this scenario doesn't consider more about water feature, and some environment pollution doesn't solve. The design doesn't adequately explain the relationship between roof space and architecture function.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
I compare and contrast with scenario 1 and 2 and got some valued DNA to go deep, but some DNA might conflict with each other. The question is how do we adjust these conflicts and also relate them together. Timeline might a good opinion in the interventions. In the first 5 years, the intention is to build leisure, productive and cultural environment, and then utilising plaza to relate with diverse surrounding, also a water purification system has been constructed in the process. Next 5 years, I try to add architecture function, such as commerce or industry or others, and cooperate with streetscape and roof garden to link with my design intention. The whole process I have done is my design approach, I test this approach in this specific site. I am advocating to select the most suitable gene to develop and also thinking how they interact or relate between each other.

REFERENCE Feng, Y 2011, Top 50 landscapes in china, Jiangsu People's Publishing House, Jiangsu. Dr Kongjian, Yu 2010, Shanghai Houtan Park, shanghai, viewed 11 May 2012, <http://www.turenscape.com/ english/projects/project.php?id=443>. Qingrong, H 2008, Rethinking Xintiandi mode, shanghai, viewed 6 June 2012, <http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/ blog_494e8df00100agqo.html>. Han, W 2011, Wetland plant, viewed 21 May 2012, <http://baike.baidu.com/view/2139883.htm>. 120, C 2010, How do we choose roof plants, viewed 28 May 2012, <http://www.co120.com/archives/371. html> Qiqi, Y 2011, hybrid vigour, viewed 7 June 2012, <http://www.hudong.com/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E6%9D%82% E7%A7%8D%E4%BC%98%E5%8A%BF> Fangjie06, F 2012, Mendelian inheritance, viewed 7 June 2012, <http://baike.baidu.com/view/228796.htm> Wiki, 2011, Mendelian inheritance, viewed 7 June 2012, <http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%BE %B7%E5%B0%94%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B> Dr Kongjian, Yu 2010, Shenyang Architectural University Campus, shenyang, viewed 05 May 2012, <http:// www.turenscape.com/english/projects/project.php?id=324>. Wiki, 2012, Landschaftspark Duisburg-Nord, Germany, viewed 10 April 2012, <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Landschaftspark_Duisburg-Nord>. Xiaowang, C 2010, Tangzha, Jiangsu, viewed 10 May 2012, <http://baike.baidu.com/view/1117314.htm>.
Nadia, A 2012, Representing landscapes, Routledge, Abingdon, Oxon.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Julian R, Jessica B, 2006, The mesh book, RMIT University Press, Melbourne. Zhipeng C, 2011, Re-directing land morphologies, melbourne, viewed 03 May 2012, <http://issuu.com/mla_ rmit/docs/cai__zhipeng_mla_final_adr_online_version_> Perry L, 2012, Waterfront Amnesia:post industrial waterfronts and the search for authenticity, waterfronts.
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