Morayo Adeyemi DRC by RMIT Landscape Architecture

ENTANGLEMENT DETANGLEMENT Preserving market place qualities through the optimisation of Lagos city's waste economy

Morayo Adeyemi, S3238727

Contents page

Background Practice|Of a third culture

01-02 01-02

Mega scale|Position

03-18

Development & the western model

03-04

Welcome to lagos

05-06

Key words|Abstract

07-08

[01] Collecting

42-61

[02] Sorting

Phase [01] Matrix

42-45

Phase [02] Matrix

62-63

Site 06|Market street collection

46-53

Micro scale| material exchange

64-69

Site 07|Traffic island collection

45-61

Site 01|Plastics sorting

70-77

Site 03|Mixed hard waste sorting

78-85

Projection Practice|Of a third form

136-137 136-137

62-85

Micro scale|Materials

19-28

Trading|Behavior & sector profiles 29-41

Waste catalogue

19-20

Macro scale|Routes

29-37

Waste catalogue

21-28

Traders navigation

40-41

[03] Recycling

86-113

[04] Upcycling

114-135

Phase [03] Matrix

86-87

Phase [04] Matrix

114-115

Site 04|Bio waste recycling

88-95

Site 08|Mass upcycling

116-135

Site 02|Bio waste recycling

96-103

Site 05|Solid waste recycling

106-113

B A C K G R O U N D

Practice 01 Fisher's time: Oct/1926

Fisher's time

Looking for Fisher's body: Dec/1926

Life as a third culture kid (TCK) is about embracing the inevitability of change. A multifaceted identity enables the ability to adapt to an unexpected environment or situation. It is about thinking through multiple mind sets and behaviours at once while letting the event of either/or take place after a point of action. This can be translated back to the profession of landscape architecture, which is defined by my practice as: intervening within the in-between of multiple forces. These forces are an entanglement of many different events happening that create a seminally chaotic environment. This research is about unpacking/untangling the many social and political forces that make up my home state of Lagos mega city, Nigeria. A place where chaos is a way of life for its seven million or more inhabitants. The research agenda is also about understanding where I sit in relation to the questions posed about its unsettling future.

Asa's time: Dec/1942

The island's time

Of a third culture 02

Asa' time

Going home

Fisher's contraption

Asa's wit

MEGA SCALE

P O S I T I O N

Development & the western model 03

ABDOUMALIQ SIMONE AbdouMaliq Simone is a sociologist that discusses the idea of development through the precedent of underdeveloped urban environments. The idea of development has almost been subliminally engraved to only exist through the limitations of the western model. As discussed in the African centre for cities symposium this mentality came from the contradictory aftermath of post-colonialism in Africa. Many African nations were expected to demonstrate the urban through the conventional(powerful rule) ideas of what a city is, while paradoxically demonstrating the idea of 'the other', a capacity to equivilate and differ from the expected outcomes of what the urban city is. African cities came from this struggle to find their own selves, whilst at the same time falling in the role of the replicator to mimic the conventions of the powerful rule they have worked hard to remove from their nations in the first place. The western model is applicable in certain environments, whilst not in others. It is unapplicable when it becomes a tool in carrying out exploitative measures that displace and margenarlise a certain group of people who do not fit into the mainstream idea of an accepted society. This is often the case in most African countries, where the perception of an unfitting form of development is actually widening the gap between the rich and the poor of particular societies.

Urban design & architecture is the most obvious demonstration of the choices those in power make. Every design intervention has an agenda that is carried out either intentionally or unintentionally by the design professional. We are often the agents to master plan these urban agendas, and that perhaps may be the problem. Designing through the master plan can be helpful in understanding the ordering and locational organisation of the intended design outcome. However, it conventionally misses the most powerful existing force that drives the spatial organisation of any given urban location(Its people). Thinking about the forces of an urban setting through the master plan can help in determining wether or not some interventions are appropriate to the site. This forces the designer to think through the behavioural tendencies of who should in most cases be their clients.

Welcome to Lagos 05

REM KOOLHAAS The BBC film 'Welcome to Lagos' filmed by Rem Koolhaas of OMA has helped people recognise that though Nigerians are living in the midst of uncontrollable forces such as overpopulation, corruption, economic instability, recourse exploitation, people are still making progress through ingenious interventions in Lagos. In order to survive in the city, one has to be smart, yet impulsive about every decision. Quick decision making does not mean a harsh or brutal means of operating/ responding, but rather a sensitivity to ones environment. The environmental conditions force individuals to be open to many possibilities of what may happen next. Lack of opportunities and employment makes people inevitably strive to expand available possibilities for themselves through their own wit. In most instances those possibilities take on informal and unconventional means of operation.

An example that the film presented was: A young market tradesman's tale of discovering an entrepreneurial opportunity through the treatment and sale of dried cattle blood. He has capitalised on the product that most cattle sellers discard of and don't have any use for. Such examples were helpful in suggesting a theoretical approach, and perhaps an attitude to understanding Lagos, however it doesn't go into detail about how this might become relevant to one's design practice, apart from the almost romanticised wide range scenes of Lagos' extreme density and alien identity to the west's conventional urban realms. Part of the wider agenda of this research is about moving beyond just observations such as the examples above, by suggesting interventions that works through the capabilities of the city's people.

ENTANGLEMENT 07

Preserving market place qualities through the optimisation of Lagos city's waste economy RESEARCH QUESTION How can the time cycles of an existing waste economy be optimised to reduce the volume of unaccommodated waste in the Agboju & Festac markets’ private & public dwellings? Lagos is a mega city with a lively character, made up by its undefined boundaries between its formal-interior and exterior-informal dwellings. This character is being threatened by an attempt to eradicate the informal economy that street traders, small businesses, cart pushers & waste scavengers live on. This is shown through the eviction of ‘un-authorised’ market spaces to make way for modern shopping malls and road expansions, in addition to the state wide ban on street hawking on major roads and the ban on independent rubbish collection. The state officials’ plan of how Lagos can be the model city for Africa is by removing an essential part of the city’s economic fabric: which is the informal market place and its people. Lagos’ informalities, openness to heterogeneity and resourcefulness are what make it a model city to the rest of the world, not by its infrastructure, but by the disadvantaged drive to survive. All over the developing world there are examples of how street vendors have adopted a waste economy into their everyday practice to make an income, whilst being an integral part of their city’s urban waste reduction. The aim of this research is to demonstrate how Lagos’ Agboju and Festac markets’ existing waste economy can be optimised to become more efficient in minimising unaccommodated waste.

This is done through the preservation of its spatial qualities, optimisation of existing waste management roles and the reduction of negative factors in the market place. The design research operates & intervenes through the micro, mesa, macro and mega time scales. Methods of interventions are determined by analysed existing routes and behaviours of operators around the market, while the spatial conditions are designed through the mechanisms required to improve & extend the phases & cycles of the local waste economy.

The research outcome proposes a sensitive method of intervention towards the discourse of urban development. Demonstrating ways of introducing new forms of operating while preserving the habitants’ sense of ownaship & agency over thier living environment.

Detanglement|Key words & definition 08

Theoretical background Background Practice|Of a third culture

1.Forming relationships between opposing identities. 2.An identity that is a combination of more than one origin.

Phases [03] Recycling

[01] Collecting

[02] Sorting

1. Bring or gather together (a number of things)

1. Arrange systematically in 1. Convert (waste) into groups; separate according reusable material to type.

[04] Upcycling

1.Reuse (discarded objects or material) in such a way as to create a product of value

Scales Micro scale

Mesa scale

Macro scale

Mega scale

Waste Material opportunities

Individual site operations at the human scale.

Agboju & Festac market place connection points & routes

Lagos megacity socio-ethical positioning

Theoretical projection Projection Practice|Of a third form 1. A method of intervening in hyper dynamic and ephemeral environments using the mesa scale.

Existing collection operation 09

PRIVATE DWELLINGS PRESERVE Green reserve

REDUCE PSP dumpster truck collection

OPTIMISE Private property traders

REDUCE Polluting power generators

70% 28% 2%

OPTIMISE

CART PUSHERS With the current waste management scheme, most private businesses are provided with either a private or shared dumpster bin. This bin is collected by the PSP private company who only collect on a weekly basis, sometimes inconsistently depending on how much they are willing to collect, thus leaving excess waste for the trader to dispose of however they can. The remaining 28% of that waste is usually serviced by an independent cart pusher who has to dodge authorities in fear of been caught doing his job. Another percentage of the trader's waste end up on the edges of the green reserve, which in time becomes another landfill.

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PUBLIC DWELLINGS PRESERVE Green reserve

REDUCE LAWMA sweepers

OPTIMISE Public space traders

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

100%

OPTIMISE

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

SCAVENGERS

Private-owned property

Public-claimed space

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Public-on foot

Proposed collection operation 10

BIOFUEL CONVERTER technical drawing of how it works! WIND CATCHING FENCING

FORMAL COLLECTOR

Exchange for bio gas 100%

COMPACTORS What I'm proposing is an optimisation of the roles involved in what is currently opposed by the government, It will create more jobs and options for those without opportunity to carry out roles that can help solve this wider problem of waste. Also proposed is an opportunity for the formal trader to own machinery that helps compact waste collected by the movers and collectors making it easier to transport it to the recycling phase. Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

WIND CATCHING FENCING Assisting with upcycling activities

Plastics/ Aluminium

INFORMAL COLLECTOR

Exchange for tokens Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Waste cleaning taps

TOKENS

Papers

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Extending the cycle through new mechanisms 11

PHASE 02: SORTING Plastics

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Rubber

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Glass

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Metals

Operation: Separate Mechanism: sorting table Papers

Woods

Operation: Contain Mechanism: Material containment

Operation: Relocate Mechanism: Tricycle

PHASE 04: UPCYCLING

Operation: Clean Mechanism: Taps/buckets

Operation: Craft Mechanism: Production spaces

Operation: Sell/exchange Mechanism: Non designated

PHASE 03: RECYCLING

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you Abeg leave me your tokens for work things waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you Abeg leave me your tokens for work things waste. I go give you Abeg leave me your tokens for work things waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Operation: Compact Mechanism: Machinery

Operation: Relocate Mechanism: Trucks/ Tricycles Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Operation: Re-process Mechanism: Machinery Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

My aim is to provide facilities and equipment for the two professions and to extend the cycle to go further than the collection phase, thus localising the entire process of waste management. I have proposed an overall waste process, which is applied differently to each site.

Abeg leave m waste. I go g tokens for w

Market place qualities

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Private-owned property

Public-claimed space

Public-on foot

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

dynamic boundaries

INTERIOR: Allows collective space for similarities to form on its own over-time. Spaces that don't rely on physical boundaries to form a space that inhabits similar people. The formation of a mostly similar collective forms by chance encounters of similar businesses finding each other in the same space over a period of time. This way of forming a market place allows for free social exchange between silent collaborators. EXAMPLE: If a market folk were to miss a few hours of trading, a fellow trader would be free to move over to their space for the amount of time they may be gone. This unwritten rule is physically manifested through the way most of the market stalls are without walls or doors to lock away. This is the democratic setup that most malls and 'modern' shopping complexes are missing.

INTERIOR: The shopping complex's spatial composition does not encourage direct collaboration between shop owners. It's shared spaces are only democratic towards the customers and the general public, whereas for the shop keeper, they are too preoccupied with their own space to network with their neighbours.

Disposal

Casual collector

EXTERIOR: Allows for a cohesion of the other to exist within the unfixed boundaries of the formal trader. Spaces formed by either a bleeding out of interior trading or the unfixed location of the market place through informal traders' activities. These informal traders can exist anywhere within or outside the retail boundaries. The lack of rules on where a 'type' of trader is able to trade allows for interesting outcomes from seemly incompatible interactions. EXAMPLE: Where a formal trader has built their shop could be the waste collection point for an informal trader who really is a scavenger.

EXTERIOR: Rigid boundaries do not allow unsettled retailers to sell their goods even in the parking spaces of the complex. Potential customers are discouraged to buy anything from the unfixed retailer, simply because they fall outside of the physical line between the place to shop versus everything else.

Forming relationships 15

How do relationships between different identities make up the fabric of Lagos city?

FABRIC TYPE PATTERN CHARACTER AGE & USE

Knitted wool

Ankara

Guinea

Adire

white repetitive bubble grid

Blue & gold curvy patterns

Gold and brown curvy patterns

Blue, green tie&dye with loopy geometry

Stretchy & soft

Stiff, foldable, non stretchy

7 years, winter knit top

1 year, head wrap & long dress

1 year, head wrap

12 years, Iro ati Buba (top & buttom)

FOLLIES COMBINATION 01. Mechanism: Folding then stitching New fabric: The fabric isn't very flexible because of the direction the stitching is done. It only forms a relationship between fabrics 1 with 2 and the fabrics 3 with 4.

FOLLIES COMBINATION 02. Mechanism: stitching and overlapping New fabric: This combination did not create many secondary connections while most of the primary connections are there.

FOLLIES COMBINATION 03. Mechanism: Folding, then fanning New fabric: The new fabric is a lot more flexible and movable, because all the primary fabrics are folded and only stitched on the top,

Combining relationships 17

FOLLIES COMBINATION 04. Mechanism: Folding, fanning, then stitching New fabric: New combinations are only showing the primary connections, and the mid point secondary connection between all fabrics involved.

FOLLIES COMBINATION 05. Mechanism: Folding, stitching, then fanning New fabric: All of the new combinations in the previous iteration was combined to make this new fabric. The diagram is not so much about the primary relationships, but more about the secondary hence why the middle point is the only connection shown It is even more flexible and acts like an umbrella top.

Reflection 18

This exercise considers how sites may form their own identities based on their material make up. It exposed the question of what mechanisms can be implemented unto sites to form those identities. Those mechanisms are interventional and infra structural in the case of this research. How can design interventions become the mechanisms that inform the sites' identities and how can the sites' identities inform the interventions carried out on site? Does implementing formal outcomes respond to the ever changing nature of the sites' identities?

MICRO SCALE

M A T E R I A L S

Waste catalogue 19

Metals [M]

Tins [T]

Allumium [A]

ORGANIC [O]

WOODS [W]

PAPERS [PA]

GLASS [G]

RUBBER [R]

PLASTICS [PL]

COPPERS [C]

COTTON/FIBRES [CF]

TYPER & #

ITEM

MATERIAL

USE & LITTER AGE

MATERIAL LIFE SPAN

Plastic container

PETE Plastic

Container, 336 hours

300-500 years

Cardboard

Printed corrugated cardboard

Packaging fruit0, 168 hours

2- 5 months

Cardboard box

Printed corrugated cardboard

Packaging, 48 hours

2- 5 months

Noodles packaging box

Printed corrugated cardboard

Packaging, 320 hours

2-5 months

Rubber tire rim

Rubber, wire, metal

Danfo bus wheels, 300 hours

Forever

Milo can

Tin

Food packaging, 670 hours

50-100 years

Cardboard package

Plain corrugated cardboard

Packaging, 1 hour

2-5 months

Guava

Fruit

Sold at market, 1 hour

4 months

Banana peels

Fruit

Sold at market, 44 hours

4 months

Shampoo bottle

VINYL Plastic

Sold at market, 24 hours

300-500 years

Water bottle

Tin metal

Used by passersby,19 hours

50-100 years

Wires

Rubber & Copper

Cabling, 278 hours

50-60 years

Soft drink bottle

Glass

Drink bottle, 5880 hours

Forever

Guava

Fruit

Sold at market, 13 hours

4 months

Soft drink can

Aluminium

Sold at market, 1176 hours

50 years

Cardboard box

Printed corrugated cardboard

Packaging, 13 hours

2-5 months

Tire rims

Rubber , wire, metal

Car tires, 3302 hours

2-5 months

Wooden box

Timber

Storing food, 10 hours

300-500 years

White plastic bags

LDPE Plastic

Packaging, 44 hours

2-5 months

Broken table leg

Timber

Previously part of table, 24 hours

2-5 months

Thin cardboard box

Plain corrugated cardboard

Packaging, 42 hours

4 months

Woven basket

Pine straws

Storage, 2352 weeks

4 months

Green apples

Fruit

Sold at market, 43 hours

2-5 months

Box

Plain corrugated Cardboard

Storage, 75 hours

2-5 months, Plastic 300-500 years

Cardboard box with lining

Cardboard + plastic lining

Packaging, 41 hours

Forever

Soft drink bottle

Glass

Soft drink bottles, 162 hours

50 years

Bed

Hair, straw, cotton, foam, rubber

Bed from a home, 25 hours

300-500 years

Plastic bags

LDPE Plastic

Containing items, 1680 hours

2-5 months

Site 02

SITE 01.

Coded are all the items found on a number of sites. The rubbish is catalogued according to its material type, use, age and life span. Cataloguing the waste has helped uncover how the materials may be utilised for the use of trading and building infrastructure. Refer to micro scale interventions and policies for examples.

ITEM

MATERIAL

USE & LITTER AGE

MATERIAL LIFE SPAN

Wooden plank

Timber

Stall structure, 96 hours

2-5 months

Cardboard Piece

Printed corrugated Cardboard

Packaging, 90 hours

2-5 months

Soft drink bottle

Glass

Sold at market, 1605 hours

Forever

Tire rim

Rubber

Car wheel, 45 hours

Forever

Wooden plank

Timber

Gutter bridge, 290 hours

2-5 months

Can

Aluminium

Soft drink can, 1344 hours

50 years

Cardboard box

Printed corrugated Cardboard

Packaging, 304 hours

2-5 months

Cardboard box

Printed corrugated Cardboard

Packaging, 2 hours

2-5 months

Plastic bags

VINYL Plastic

Shopping bag, 672 hours

300-500 years

Tire rims

Rubber

Car wheels, 334 hours

Forever

Bottle

Polypropylene plastic

Ketchup bottle, 10 hours

300-500 years

Bottle

HDPE Plastic

Juice bottle, 10 weeks

300-500 years

Drink bottle

PETE Plastic

Pure water bottle, 1680 hours

300-500 years

Tire rim

Metal

Okada tire wheels, 4200 hours

Forever

Rubber tire rim

Rubber, metal

Bus tire wheels, 504 hours

Forever

Tire rim

Metal

Bus tire wheels, 504 hours

Forever

Broken chair

Wood

Chair, 671 hours

2-5 months

Wires

Rubber & copper

Cabling, 29 hours

50-60 years

Pure water packet

VINYL Plastic

Containing water, 4 hours

300-500 years

Wrapper

LDPE Plastic

Chips wrapper, 7 hours,

300-500 years

Wrapper

LDPE Plastic

Peanuts wrapper, 25 hours

300-500 years

Box

Printed corrugated cardboard

Juice container, 1 hour

2-5 months

Can

Aluminium

Coke can, 143 hours

50 years

Bottle

PETE Plastic

Water container, 89 hours

300-500 years

Drink bottle

PETE Plastic

Water container, 8 hours

300-500 years

Cardboard packaging

Printed corrugated cardboard

Packaging, 4 days

2-5 months

Pure water packaging

VINYL Plastic

Water container, 2 hours

300-500 years

Cardboard packaging

Printed corrugated cardboard

Packaging, 96 hours

2-5 months

Pure water packets

VINYL Plastic

Pure water packets, 4 hours

300-500 years

Water bottle

PETE Plastic

Water container, 4 hours

300-500 years

Packaging box

Printed corrugated cardboard

Packaging, 22 hours

2-5 months

Tin can

Tin

Peas can, 10 hours

50-100 years

Sofdrink bottle

PETE Plastic

Coke bottle, 45 hours

300-500 years

Soft drink can

Aluminuim

Fanta can, 10 minutes

50 years

Pure water packet

VINYL Plastic

Water container, 5 minutes

300-500 years

SITE 03.

SITE 07.

SITE 01: Agboju danfo bus stop 21 [M] [T] [A] [O] [W] [PA] [G] [R] [PL] [C] [CF]

21 24

23 22

Other sites with identical waste pallets 01

SITE 02: Festac food market 23 [M] [T] [A] [O] [W] [PA] [G] [R] [PL]

[C] [CF]

Other sites with identical waste pallets

02 08

06 04

10 11 14

18 16

SITE 03: Festac Molue bus terminal 25 [M] [T] [A] [O] [W] [PA] [G] [R] [PL] [C] [CF]

35 34

40 38

Other sites with identical waste pallets 08

SITE 07: Lagos Badagry road 27 [M] [T] [A] [O] [W] [PA] [G] [R] [PL] [C] [CF]

52 51

Other sites with identical waste pallets 06

62 59

T R A D I N G

Traffic collection:Site 06 pm

:00

isp

ll Se

k toc

16:0

ispo

ell/D

17:00pm Sell in traffic/Dispose

S 0pm

ispo

ell/D

ipo

ll/D

ck/S

0 Sto

18:0

:00

The pure water trader lives in a home which has an extension for her shop at the market place. Although she has her own trading property, she still tends to hawk once in a while, due to the extra income it bring into her business. The on foot stock sells out every 2 hours, so she goes back to the shop front to fill up her basket pile. Her trader's identity lies between all three categories. e

os isp /D

2 u p

05:00am Wake/Eat/Sell in store

ffic

pm Lu

Pa lee

ell

pm e

0 0:0 :00

pm S

t/ S

a p/E 13:00pm Stock/Sell/Dispose

PURE WATER TRADER

isp

ell

pose

/Dis

Sell

k/S

0am

10:0 :00

09:00am Stock/Sell/Dispose

ispo

ell/D

0a 08:0

:00

l k co am Stoc

n: ffic tioell in tra c le /S

te Si

Mesa scale: Trader behaviour

29 Trader profile

private dwelling Occupied public dwelling On foot public dwelling

45% 20% 35%

ell

n /S ch /D isp os e

1 pack of pure water sachet bags are disposed by the trader every hour after the bag is sold out. If the material was collected rather than disposed, the trader would gain 12 new packets a day. Making the plastic biodegradable during its manufacturing process allows the material to degrade if discarded.

recycled into market matts

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ged

01a

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tin

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n of

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Si te 01

der er tra salers urs p 2 ho whole every ts e k c all pa 3 sm

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02b. Tradin a. g/used Di s os pos ed ed ev ery 1h ou rp er tra de r

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Plastic's Paper biodegradable at

cka /pa red

fac tu

PLASTIC PACKAGING

Micro scale: Waste 30

Waste profile

Traffic collection:Site 06 16

Stoc

0 5:0

m :00p

ll k/Se

eep

or K

17:00pm Sell in traffic

pose

ll/Dis

0 Se

18:0

:00

pm :00

toc ll/S

These traders stock up on organic goods at the fruits/vegetable market place. Although they have a primary trading point in a claimed public space, one of them still walks around public trading spaces. They do not own a stall of their own. However this does not stop them from claiming a spot for themselves along a road side kerb.

am ell

Sell

t/S

0am

10:0 :00

09:00am Stock/Move

0 ite

01,0 tes i S S : : tion on ollec cti traffic c e e l n c l i d co Sell Fen eleased by win /R ic 7:00am f affic f tr a 0 0am Sell in Tr :0

:0 m 0p ck

Sto

FRUITS & VEGETABLE HAWKER

Mesa scale: Trader behaviour

31 Trader profile

Occupied public dwelling On foot public dwelling

65% 35%

/Se ll

13:00pm Sell

06:00am Arrive/Stock/Set-up in primary point

CARDBOARD BOXES & UNSOLD FRUIT

ro rp e z i

til fer / l e

Bio gas

on cti

s int

ite

p uild u tion/b grate tegra te l disin s to disin a ri Mate 4 month s 03c. ga er bio trad e & per r nu d ma ave nto e s d i ast e l w c cy nic Re ga b. or 03 g of 1k

ts:

oin

rtin

02b. Tradin a. g/used Di s os pos ed ed on ce ad ay pe r tr ad er

01. Manufactured/packaged

Si te

salers hole by w ader uted per tr ib s tr d oo Dis nic g 02a. orga f o te 1 cra

Micro scale: Waste 32

Waste profile

Traffic collection:Site 06

0pm

18:0

:00

isp

e os

Sell

toc

0pm

16:0

ispo

or D

17:00pm Sell in traffic

Store

/Eat/

Sell

:00

ll Se

:00

The gala hawker wakes up from his fence side home in the market's green zone. He stocks up on gala treats at least twice a day at the wholesaler near the danfo bus stop. Because he is an on foot trader, his main point of trading are at the main road durring traffic jams. :0

am ll

0am

10:0 :00

Sell

09:00am Dispose/Stock/Sell

08:0

0am

ic in tra aff am Sell r T 0

cti lle c o c ffi

ite n:S

Occupied public dwelling On foot public dwelling

20% 80%

:00 06

/Se ck Sto am

GALA HAWKER

Mesa scale: Trader behaviour

33 Trader profile

1 0 2:0 pm po

Dis /L se ch /St oc k

13:00pm Sell

05:00am Wake/Eat

One box is disposed every three hours by the trader. This means that an average gala trader could collect 3 boxes a day for exchange. The micro proposal invovles manufacturing the paper pulp into a bio degradable product. This is in order to shorten its life span.

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cte b lle Co new 3 . 0 als idu div

03c.

u tion/b

Paper biodegradable io

ild up

ery

ev rs

ibu

r tr

ts:

oin

g/used

rtin

Si te

s boxe n of ibutio ader per tr urly o h ted 3

Distr

02a.

02b. Tradin

ged ed

01a 03

01a. Make bio degradable paper material .M anu fac

cka /pa

tur ed

CARDBOARD BOXES

Micro scale: Waste 34

Waste profile

Traffic collection:Site 06 :00

v Mo

ell

Sell

e/S

0pm

16:0

17:00pm Sell in traffic

pose

ll/Dis

0 Se

18:0

:00

06:00am Arrive/Stock/Set-up

Sell

am e

isp

us s

at b

Sem

Sell

ll/D

0am

10:0

rke

06 t

i-form al tra top ding poin t:S

pose

/Dis

09:00am Move/Sell

:00

Se am

0 08:0

ell

/S tup

ju bo

te Si

: ion

ll co

ffic 07:00am

a Tr

:00

os isp ll/D

The plantain lady arrives by bus to the market every morning. Her most consistent trading spots are at the bus, at the front of Agboju market stalls and anywhere along the main road. She prefers to claim one spot for at least 2 hours before deciding to move, so that people become familiar with her presence.

t/ Ea

FRIED PLANTAIN HAWKER

ite 0 1

Mesa scale: Trader

35 Trader profile

Occupied public dwelling On foot public dwelling

85% 15%

ve /Se ll

13:00pm Sell

Banana peels and other materials are disposed by this trader every three hours, making it possible for the trader to collect 1 kg of bio waste that can be recycled into bio gas for electricity and manure.

CHARCOAL & PLANTAIN PEELS

l/fe

fue

pr er z i til

Bio gas

t uc

p ion

s int

i :S

2 s0

p uild u on/b ions grati it isinte wet cond d l a ri te in Mate s 03c. disintegra ga er to bio d nths & r tra 4 mo e e ur p an ved o m sa int ste d a e w cl cy nic Re ga b. or 03 g of 1k

ery

3h er

ts:

oin

rtin

r tr

ibutio

Distr

g/used

02b. Tradin ed

01. Grown

Si te

lers olesa y y wh a da ted b ader per tr te 1 cra f o n

tribu

Dis 02a.

Micro scale: Waste 36

Waste profile

Reflection 37

THE IMPORTANCE OF INTERSECTORAL RELATIONSHIPS It was difficult to ground each trader into one defined group because most people in the market place belong to more than one sector. This is what allows the traders to move from one sector to another on a daily basis, as all three types of vending have benefits of their own. -Most private space trader has a roof over their head and a consistent place to store stock. -An occupied public space trader can move their set up where ever suites their needs -An on foot trader is able to roam fearer than the other two, due to the trading mechanism often only consisting of a box or tray to contain. This is why the waste management phases need to be in relation to more than one sector. This encourages the diversity of operators needed to keep the market place functioning.

MACRO SCALE

SITES Agboju & F

SITE 08 Main market landfill

SECTION 08

S 01- 07 Festac markets

Mass landfill disposal 39

MACRO SCALE: Agboju & festac markets

14:00

15:00

trading point trading point

13:00

13:50

trading point 170:00 08:0 8:00 SECTION 1 07b 09:00

trading point trading point trading point traffic

trading poin trafficpoint trading trading point trading point b traffic tra bus bus s tradin 17:00

17:00

09:00

disposal point landfill

12:30

trading point

160:00 6:30

SECTION 06

trading point breakfast lunch

3 13:

lunch street vender

13:15

disposal point litter field

0 13:3 10:00

FESTAC MARKETS :30 11

Trader navigation 41

trading point tradingpoint point trading

stock point 10 16:30stock point 18:30 :3 fruits/vege section20:00 0

14:0016 01:0: 0 00

disposal point landfill home SECTION 02

19:0

:15

disposal point landfill

:15

10:00

11:00

12:30

trading point trading point

trading bus stop

disposal point disposal point street gutter

10:30

AGBOJU MARKET

trading point bus stop Agboju market ading 15:0 s stop 0 stop 16:0 11:00 0 ng

trading point lunch inter-trader trading

:2015 1214:

dinner/ deterance point

SECTION 3

trading point SECTIONoffice 04 terminal 10:00

14:00

11:

7:00 07 07:30

5 01b :108:0SECTION 0 6 0 08:00

00 09:10

:00

SECTION 05

15:

:00

SECTION 07a

disposal point disposal point landfill 18 5

00 01a SECTION

12:0

gala supplier

13:0007:00

disposal point landfill

disposal point litter field

trading point trading point workplace

home/store stock

06:

disposal point litter field

18:00

[1] Collecting

[2] Sorting

[3] Recycling

[4] upcycling

[01] C O L L E C T I N G

Mechanisms key PLAN

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

SCENARIO Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

REDUCED

EXISTING Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Dumpsters

LAWMA street sweepers

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

OPTOMISED Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Scavenger Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Cart pusher

PRESERVED Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Occupied public space trader Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Privately owned property/vendure

Abeg leave meAbeg Abeg leave me your your leave me your waste. I go give waste. you I go give youwaste. I go give you tokens for work tokens tokens for work things thingsfor work things

On foot public space trader

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PSP trucks Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PROPOSED

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Rubbish bins Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Private fences Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Unoccupied public fences

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Occupied public fences Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Private space collector

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Public space collector

Private material compactors Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Bio fuel converter

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PHASE [1] MATRIX

EXISTING

PROPOSED

[1a] PRIVATE DWELLINGS

PRIVATE SPACE COLLECTION

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PHASE PRECEDENT 43

Curitiba private waste strategy

Site 01

Site 02

Site 03

Site 04

Site 06

Site 07

Giving private dwellers something to in return for their waste. In this case a token for bio gas supply per collection.

EXISTING

PROPOSED

[1b] OCCUPIED PUBLIC SPACE

UPCYCLING COLLECTION POINTS Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

[1c] UNOCCUPIED PUBLIC SPACE

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PUBLIC COLLECTION POINTS

PHASE PRECEDENT 45

Garbage city collection space The occupied space acts as a capsule to hold the collected rubbish in place.

Site 03

Site 08

Garbage city transporting goods Transitioning into recycling zone.

Site 02

Site 03 Suburban road side kerb collection

Site 06

Site 07

Drop off points along roads to activate public collection. This creates a sense of designation for the events.

SITE 06: Market street stalls

Market street collection

Side walk

Informal vending

Triggers Informal vendors 46

EXISTING SPATIAL CONDITION: SIDE WALK

Scavengers collect

Other operations: 1b/1c

Site 06 section

Site location

SPATIAL CONDITION The most interesting aspect of this site is the encroachment of the market place activity unto the market's side walk & road. This creates an opportunity for the scavenger to gather up waste disposed by the public space vendors.

TRIGGERED OCCUPANTS: INFORMAL VENDORS

Side walk

Informal vending

Triggers Informal vendors

Triggers littering

OPTIMISE Public/informal hawker

REDUCE Refuse burning

OCCUPANT'S BEHAVIOR: LITTERRING

Scavengers collect

Other operations: 1b/1c

49 OPTIMISE Public/informal vendors

OPTIMISE Public/informal scavengers

OPTIMISE Private/informal/indepedent cart pusher collection

LITTER AS OPPORTUNITY Scavengers are drawn here because of the diversity of waste disposed here by traders and customers

TRIGGERED OCCUPANTS: SCAVENGERS

Side walk

Informal vending

Triggers Informal vendors

Triggers littering

OPTIMISED OPERATION: COLLECTING

Scavengers collect

Other operations: 1b/1c

From collection bins 51

Site 06 section

BINS New mechanism allows more efficiency in scavenger's operation.

INTRODUCED MECHANISMS: BINS

Side walk

Informal vending

Triggers Informal vendors

Triggers littering

[1a]

Section 06

[1a]

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Operations cycle Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

[1a] Private space collector

INTRODUCED OPERATIONS

[1b/c] Public space collector

FO To R 03 st EXC , 0 ag H 4, e [ AN 08 2a G ] s E/ ite SO s 01 RTI , 0 NG 2,

[1a] Fence, Private space

FO To R 07 st CO & age MP 08 3 AC a si TIN te G s 01 ,0 3,

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations: 1b/1c

From collection bins

triggers consistent collection 53

[1b/c]

[1a] [1a]

DIVERSE MATERIAL PALLET Because trading points are inconsistent and on a rotational basis, it allows a different flow of traders to occupy the side walk on each cycle. The diverse amount of traders allows a different waste pallet per bin collection. This gives the collectors an opportunity to capitalise on a wider range of materials. CONSTANT COLLECTION FLOW Other mechanisms for collection gives the site a constant flow of collection.

TRIGGERED OUTCOME: CONSISTENT COLLECTION

SITE 07: Lagos Badagry road

Traffic island collection

Traffic island

Littering traders

Triggers traffic traders 54

EXISTING SPATIAL CONDITION: TRAFFIC ISLAND

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

Section 07b

Section 07a

Site location

TRAFFIC JAMS AS TRADING OPPORTUNITY The traffic island area acts as a transition zone for traders during traffic jams. It's a meeting point for hawkers during peek hour traffic jams.

TRIGGERED OCCUPANTS: TRAFFIC TRADERS

Traffic island

Littering traders

Triggers traffic traders

Trigger scavengers

OPTIMISE Public/ informal/indepedent scavenging collection

OPTIMISE Public/informal hawker

OCCUPANT'S BEHAVIOUR: LITTERING

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

OPTIMISE Public/ informal/ independent scavenging collection

TRIGGERED OCCUPANTS Littering traders trigger scavengers on the road.

TRIGGERED OCCUPANTS: SCAVENGERS

Traffic island

Littering traders

Triggers traffic traders

Trigger scavengers

OPTIMISED OPERATION: COLLECTING

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

At pop up points 59

Section 07b

Section 07a

COLLECTION POINT Poles to indicate a designated collection point for bikes in area.

INTRODUCED MECHANISMS: COLLECTION POLES

Traffic island

Littering traders

Triggers traffic traders

Trigger scavengers

[1b/c]

[1a]

Section 07a

Section 07b

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Operations cycle Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

[1b/c] Public space collector FO To R 03 st EXC , 0 ag H 4, e [ AN 08 2a G ] s E/ ite SO s 01 RTI , 0 NG 2,

[1a] Private space collector

INTRODUCED OPERATIONS

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

At pop up points

Cleaner main road 61

[1b/c]

POP UP EVENT The waste pickers that are now public space collectors are able to claim temporary ownership of a collection point as a way to exchange waste from passing traders.

TRIGGERED OUTCOME: POP UP EVENT

[1] Collecting

[2] Sorting

[3] Recycling

[4] upcycling

[02] S O R T I N G

Mechanisms key PLAN

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

SCENARIO Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

REDUCED

EXISTING Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Dumpsters

LAWMA street sweepers

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

OPTOMISED Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Scavenger Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Cart pusher

PRESERVED Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Occupied public space trader Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Privately owned property/vendure

Abeg leave meAbeg Abeg leave me your your leave me your waste. I go give waste. you I go give youwaste. I go give you tokens for work tokens tokens for work things thingsfor work things

On foot public space trader

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PSP trucks Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PROPOSED

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Rubbish bins Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Private fences Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Unoccupied public fences

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Occupied public fences Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Private space collector

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Public space collector

Private material compactors Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Bio fuel converter

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PHASE [02] MATRIX

EXISTING 62

Give us your tokens here. We go give you electricity.

[2a] PRIVATE DWELLINGS

PROPOSED TOKEN EXCHANGE LOCATIONS

Give us your tokens here. We go give you electricity.

[2b] OCCUPIED PUBLIC SPACE

PUBLIC SORTING SPACE

[2c] UNOCCUPIED PUBLIC SPACE

EVENT SPACE

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PHASE PRECEDENT 63

Curritiba waste exchange Participants are given tokens to for waste collected.

Site 01

Site 04

Site 08

Waste picking stations Waste sorting stations have a linear compositions that aids in separation and containment.

Site 01

Site 03

Wecyclers public sorting spaces Event spaces for sorting and waste exchange.

Site 02

Site 04

MICRO SCALE 64

TIN CAN [TC]

Tin plant

Five 250 ml food tin 1 Naira

ALUMINIUM CAN [AC]

Aluminium tin plant

Five 330 ml soft drink can

1 Naira

Material exchange 65

WOOD SCRAP [W]

50 Naira 2 kg of Assorted wood scraps

BOX BOARD [PA]

60 Naira 2 kg of clean box board

2 kg of unclean box board

30 Naira

MICRO SCALE 66

GLASS BOTTLE [GB]

150ml bottle

1 Naira

192ml bottle

2 Naira

300ml bottle

3 Naira

RUBBER TIRE [RT]

Okada (motorcycle) tyre

1 Naira

Danfo (Small bus) tyre

2 Naira

Big bus tyre

10 Naira

Material exchange 67

PLASTIC BAG [PB]

Seven plastic bags

Shopping bag

Twenty plastic bags Market matt

2kg

50 Naira

2kg plastic bags

PLASTIC BOTTLE [PBL}

1 Plastic bottle

Bottle plant

1 Naira

MICRO SCALE 68

YOGO PACKET [YP]

1 Yoghurt

Five packaging plastic

1 Naira

ORGANIC [O]

5kg 1 kg of organic waste 5kg tank of Methane

1 Naira

Reflection 69

EXCHANGING TO CLOSE THE LOOP Placing a value on waste allows an exchange and rotational flow between market place occupiers. This would discourage people from disposing or littering the market like it currently is. This in the long run is a lot cheaper and environmentally friendly compared to landfills. The exchange for waste needs to be things that won't contribute to the widening loop of product manufacturing and refuse.

SITE 01: Agboju danfo bus stop

Plastics sorting

Bus stop

Customers & traders

Consistent customer flow 70

Section 01b

Section 01a

EXISTING MECHANISM: BUS STOP

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

Site location

BUS STOP The bus stop attracts traders who want a regular flow of customers. The majority of traders in this area sell gift items, hence why the material pallet is dense with plastic/boaxboard packaging and discarded plastic items. Refer to waste catalogue

TRIGGERED OCCUPANTS: MARKET CUSTOMERS/TRADERS

Bus stop

Customers & traders

Consistent customer flow

Litter & dispose

72 REDUCE Private/formal/ company psp dumpster

OPTIMISE Private/formal vendor

Danfo bus stop OPTIMISE Public/informal vendors

OPTIMISE Public/informal hawker

OPTIMISE Private/informal/ indepedent cart pusher collection REDUCE Private/ polluting generator OPTIMISE Private/formal vendor

OPTIMISE Public/informal hawker

OPTIMISE Public/informal vendor

OPTIMISE Public/ informal/indepedent scavenging collection

OPTIMISE Private/formal vendor

REDUCE Private/ polluting generat

OCCUPANT'S BEHAVIOUR: DISPOSING PLASTIC MATERIALS

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

OPTIMISE Public/informal hawker

REDUCE Public/formal/company LAWMA street sweeper

Site 07

REDUCE Private/formal/company psp dumpster

OPTIMISE tor Private/informal/ indepedent cart pusher collection

SCAVENGERS Due to high amount of customers, public traders go to this site to buy wholesale goods from private traders. This allows an inter-sect oral relationship.

TRIGGERED OCCUPANTS: SCAVENGERS

Bus stop

Customers & traders

Consistent customer flow

Litter & dispose

Section 01b

Section 01a

INTRODUCED OPERATION: SORTING

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

Introduced sorting 75

INTRODUCED OPERATION

Sorting stations service sorting for waste collected by private and public collectors.

INTRODUCED MECHANISMS: SEPARATION & SORTING TABLES

Bus stop

Customers & traders

Consistent customer flow

Litter & dispose

76 [1a]

[1a]

[3a]

Trading site

[2a]

[1b/c]

Abeg leave us your waste here. We go give you tokens for work things

We compact waste here

public trading point

[2b]

[2a]

[2b]

[3a] We compact waste here

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Operations cycle Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

[1a] Fence, private space

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

[1a] Private space collector

[1b/c] Public space collector

[3a] Private material compacting

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

05 te

COMPACTED

UN To CO s M te tag PA 03 e C or [2b TED st ] ag e [2 a] si te

[3a] Private material compacting

CO To MP st AC ag T e ED [3 b] /1 si

[2b] Public/semi-formal sorting space

[2a] Public token exchange

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

INTRODUCED OPERATIONS

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

Introduced sorting

Compacting concentration 77 [1b/c]

To exchange

Site 07 Lagos Badagry express way

INTRODUCED OPERATIONS Businesses around this site have the opportunity to provide compacting services to the collectors. Compacting businesses have a higher concentration and closer proximity to the sorting and exchange areas.

TRIGGERED OUTCOME: COMPACTING CONCENTRATION

SITE 03: Festac Molue bus terminal

Mixed hard waste sorting

Bus terminal

Customers & traders

Consistent customer flow 78

EXISTING MECHANISM: BUS TERMINAL

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

Section 03

Site location

INTRODUCED OPERATIONS The wind's general direction is north. This often leaves waste around the bus terminal and the edges of the green reserve Bus passengers also dispose of their waste here.

TRIGGERED OCCUPANTS: BUS PASSENGERS

Bus terminal

Customers & traders

Consistent customer flow

Litter & dispose

80 OPTIMISE Private/formal bus site office

REDUCE Public refuse burning

REDUCE Private/formal/ company psp dumpster

REDUCE Private/ polluting generator OPTIMISE Public/ informal/indepedent scavenging collection

PRESREVE Public danfo & molue bus terminal

REDUCE Public/formal/company LAWMA street sweeper

OCCUPANT'S BEHAVIOUR: LITTERING/HARD WASTE DISPOSAL

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

81 REDUCE Demolition of informal vendures for road expansion works

CUSTOMERS & TRADERS This is an opportunity for traders to operate on site, leaving rubbish for the scavenger to collect. The bus terminal also discards useful hard rubbish materials such as tyres and metals that the scavenger can find.

TRIGGERED OCCUPANTS: SCAVENGERS

Bus terminal

Customers & traders

Consistent customer flow

Litter & dispose

INTRODUCED OPERATION: SORTING

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

Introduced sorting 83

Section 03

INTRODUCED SORTING Sorting tables close to the terminal office so that it can act as the main compacting server for the waste disposed here.

INTRODUCED MECHANISMS: SEPARATION & SORTING TABLES

Bus terminal

Customers & traders

Consistent customer flow

Litter & dispose

[1a]

[2a]

[2b]

[3a]

[1a] [1c]

Abeg leave us your waste here. We go give you tokens for work things

Loading to stage 3b site 05

We compact waste here

Section 03

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Operations cycle

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

[1b] Fence, occupied public space

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

[1c] Fence, unoccupied public space

[1b/c] Public space collector

[1a] Private space collector Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

CO To MP st AC ag T e ED [3 b] /1 -

AS T W E NO To N s R te tag ECY 03 e [2 CLA a] BL si

COMPACTED

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

INTRODUCED OPERATIONS

[3a] Private material compacting

[2b] Public/semiformal sorting space

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

[2a] Public/formal token exchange

UN To CO pr st MP od ag A uc e [ CT tio 4a ED n ]s sp ite ac 03 e

[3a] Private material compacting

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

[1a] Fence, private space

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

Introduced sorting

Higher flow of customers 85

[1b] [1b/c]

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

INTRODUCED OPERATIONS New operations allow a new flow of customers to come to the site via the bus terminal. The loading zone is located close to the green edge for access to recycling site.

TRIGGERED OUTCOME: HIGHER FLOW OF CUSTOMERS

[1] Collecting

[2] Sorting

[3] Recycling

[4] upcycling

[03] R E C Y C L I N G

Mechanisms key PLAN

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

SCENARIO Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

REDUCED

EXISTING Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Dumpsters

LAWMA street sweepers

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

OPTOMISED Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Scavenger Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Cart pusher

PRESERVED Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Occupied public space trader Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Privately owned property/vendure

Abeg leave meAbeg Abeg leave me your your leave me your waste. I go give waste. you I go give youwaste. I go give you tokens for work tokens tokens for work things thingsfor work things

On foot public space trader

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PSP trucks Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PROPOSED

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Rubbish bins Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Private fences Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Unoccupied public fences

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Occupied public fences Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Private space collector

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Public space collector

Private material compactors Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Bio fuel converter

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PHASE [03] MATRIX

EXISTING 86

[3a] PRIVATE DWELLINGS

PRECEDENT We compact waste here

PROPOSED

MATERIAL COMPACTING

We compact waste here

[3b] OCCUPIED PUBLIC SPACE

BIO GAS GENERATION

[3c] UNOCCUPIED PUBLIC SPACE

MATERIAL RECYCLING

PHASE PRECEDENT 87

Garbage city compacting phase Having businesses that supply compacting will creates inter-sector relationship. Concentrating the compacting phase on specific sites will make other sites depend on them.

Site 01

Site 03

Bio waste Processing Medium scale bio waste processing procedure. Supplying market place with bio products like fuel and fertilizers.

Site 02

Site 04

Hard waste processing

Site 05

Functions of a centralised processing plant for procedures that are hazardous to public health.

SITE 04: Agboju food market

Bio-waste recycling

Shared food market place

Inter-trader relationships

Public space food traders 88

EXISTING MECHANISM: SHARED MARKET SPACE

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

Section 04

Site location

SHARED MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE The set up allows for a shared interior space between individual traders. It is not occupied by just one business, so public food traders are able to join this scenario.

TRIGGERED OCCUPANTS: FOOD TRADERS

Shared food market place

Inter-trader relationships

Public space food traders

collective disposal

PRESERVE Private/formal dwellings

REDUCE Private/formal/ company psp dumpster

PRESERVE Private/formal dwelling/salon

REDUCE Private/ polluting generator OPTIMISE Public/ informal/indepedent scavenging collection

REDUCE Private/informal/indepedent cart pusher disposal OPTIMISE Public/ informal/indepedent scavenging collection

OCCUPANT'S BEHAVIOUR: COLLECTIVE BIO WASTE DISPOSAL

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

OPTIMISE Public/informal vendors

OPTIMISE Private/formal vendors

INTER-TRADER RELATIONSHIP This set-up leaves the spaces open enough for any kind of trader to set-up. However: there's a silent rule about this site mostly selling food products. This same scenario allows the scavenger to freely enter the interior of the market to collect waste.

TRIGGERED OCCUPANTS: SCAVENGERS

Shared food market place

Inter-trader relationships

Public space food traders

collective disposal

OPTIMISED MATERIAL: BIO WASTE

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

Introduce bio waste processing 93

Section 04

OPTIMISING MATERIAL PALLET Optimising the material pallet that mostly consists of waste through the introduction of bio waste processing mechanisms.

INTRODUCED MECHANISMS: BIO WASTE PROCESSING

Shared food market place

Inter-trader relationships

Public space food traders

collective disposal

[1b/c]

Decentralised bio-fuel generation for conversion

[2c]

[1a]

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

waste to token exchange bio fuel conversion

[3b]

[2a]

Abeg leave us your waste here. We go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

bio fuel distribution

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Operations cycle Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

[1b/c] Public space collector

[2c] Public token [2a] Public token exchange exchange

[2c] Public/semi-formal sorting space NO To N 01 st BIO , 0 ag 3 e s WA & S 08 ites TE

[1a] Private space collector

INTRODUCED OPERATIONS

fu d

[3b] Centralised bio fuel generation

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

BI To O F co de UE nv ce L er nt to ra rs lis e

Section 04

Scavengers collect

Introduced operations

Introduce bio waste processing

Inter-trader cooperations 95

bio fuel conversion

Decentralised bio-fuel generation for conversion

INTRODUCING OPERATIONS The new recycling mechanism allows a new cooperate relationship between the traders. This is because the electricity supply will now rely on everyone's waste collection.

TRIGGERED OUTCOME: INTER-TRADER COOPERATION

SITE 02: Festac food market

Bio-waste recycling

Open public space

Cart-pushers

Good loading & waste disposal 96

EXISTING SPATIAL CONDITION: OPEN PUBLIC SPACE

Optimising material palette

Introduced operations

Section 02

Site location

OPEN PUBLIC SPACE This open space is used for public trading, goods loading and disposal.

TRIGGERED EVENTS: GOODS LOADING & WASTE DISPOSAL

Open public space

Cart-pushers

Good loading & waste disposal

Disposing waste

OPTIMISE Public/informal vendors

PRESERVE Private/formal dwelling

OPTIMISE Private/informal/indepedent cart pusher collection

Formal church

TRIGGERED OCCUPANTS: CART PUSHERS

OPTIMISE Public/informal vendors

OPTIMISE Private/formal vendors

RED Priva

Optimising material palette

Introduced operations

99 Goods loading zone

DUCE ate/ polluting generator

OPTIMISE Private/formal vendors

REDUCE Private/formal/ company psp dumpster

DISPOSAL POINT

REDUCE Public refuse burning

OPTIMISE Public/ informal/indepedent scavenging collection

Triggered occupants The cart pushers disposes of collected waste here.

OCCUPANT'S OPERATION: DISPOSING WASTE

Open public space

Cart-pushers

Good loading & waste disposal

Disposing waste

100

OPTIMISED MATERIAL: BIO WASTE

Optimising material palette

Introduced operations

Introduce bio waste processing & exchange 101

Section 02

OPTIMISED MATERIAL PALETTE Optimisation of bio waste is through introducing processing & exchange centre for traders and waste collectors in the area.

INTRODUCED MECHANISMS: BIO WASTE PROCESSING/EXCHANGE

Open public space

Cart-pushers

Good loading & waste disposal

Disposing waste

102

[1a]

[1b/c]

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Section 02

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Operations cycle Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

[1c] Fence, unoccupied public space

+ [1a] Fence,

[1a] Private space collector

private space

[1b/c] Public space collector

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

INTRODUCED OPERATIONS

[2c] Public token exchange

[3b] Centralised bio fuel generation

BI To O F co de UE nv ce L er nt to ra rs lis

[2c] Public/semiformal sorting space NO To N si st BIO te ag 03 e WA [2 S b] TE

[2c] Public token exchange

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Optimising material palette

Introduced operations

Introduce bio waste processing & exchange

Waste event spaces 103

[2c]

Decentralised bio-fuel generation for conversion

[3b]

bio fuel conversion

[2c]

waste to token exchange

OPEN WASTE EVENT SPACES The new mechanisms trigger an open event space that's easily accessible and visible to the public. This informs people of the benefits of the bio fuel produced here, as it is available for the public to purchase. The bio fuel is generated at a central place to cater for the site's electrical needs prior to them being distributed to people who own decentralised bio fuel converters. The sorting and exchange areas act as an event space that is easily accessible to the public.

TRIGGERED OUTCOME: WASTE EVENTS SPACE

[1a/c]

SITE 05: Green reserve

Solid waste recycling

Site 02 testing:Encouraging encroachment 104

[7]

[6]

[8]

TRIGGER

(5)

(4b)

[4]

(4a)

(10)

(4b)

(6a)

FORMATION

(6b)

(6d)

(6c)

(7a)

(6e)

(2)

NAVIGATION

(2)

(3)

[1]

TRIGGER

[1]

NAVIGATION

[1]

FIGURATION/FORMATION

KEY

SCALE 1:150

[1] Food market area (2) Unsorted waste with metals (3) Metals separator [4] Hand sorting (4a) Unsorted waste without metals (4b) None organic waste (5) Organic waste [6] Organic waste processing (6a) Anaerobic digester (6b) Liquids/solids separator (6c) Methane gas storage (6d) Solid fertilizer (6e) Liquid fertilizer [7] Site's waste centre (7a) Traded plastic bags bin (7b) Market mats (7c) Can plants [8] Communion Church [9] Green zone (9a) Navigation Trigger (9b) Potential Gathering area (10) Navigation trigger to other N sites (11) Small scale waste digester

[1]

(11)

10m

(9a)

[9]

(9b)

(9a)

(9b)

(7b) (7c)

Green reserve uses 105

Early Macro scale testing was exploring ways of developing a method of invited market place occupants into the green reserve. This indicated that integrating public activities within green zone was causing a default mind set to turn it into a park rather than to use it for something that will contribute to the waste economy.

No public activity

Cart-pushers

Triggers cart pushers 106

Section 05

EXISTING SPATIAL CONDITION: NO PUBLIC ACTIVITY

Optimising spatial conditions

Introduced operations

107

Site location

FAR FROM PUBLIC SPACES Triggers cart pusher into disposing there.

TRIGGERED OCCUPANT: CART PUSHERS & SCAVENGERS

No public activity

Cart-pushers

Triggers cart pushers

Disposing waste

108

REDUCE Public/ informal/indepedent scavenging passing by

REDUCE Wind travelled waste

OCCUPANT'S OPERATION: PASSING BY OR DISPOSING WASTE

Optimising spatial conditions

Introduced operations

109

REDUCE Public/informal hawker

OPTIMISE Private/informal/indepedent cart pusher disposal

OPTIMISED MATERIAL PALETTE Optimisation of bio waste is through introducing processing & exchange centre for traders and waste collectors in the area.

OPTIMISING SPATIAL CONDITION: DISTANCE

No public activity

Cart-pushers

Triggers cart pushers

Disposing waste

110

Section 05

NEW OPERATION: HARD WASTE PROCESSING

Optimising spatial conditions

Introduced operations

Introducing recycling operations 111

HARD WASTE RECYCLING The recycling of hard waste rubbish like paper, wood, metals, aluminium, rubber, and plastics.

INTRODUCED MECHANISMS: RECYCLING MACHINES

No public activity

Cart-pushers

Triggers cart pushers

Disposing waste

112 [3c/1]

Operations cycle

[3c]/1 PETE LDPE

Shredding

Washing

Combustion

Extrusion

Polypropylene HDPE VINYL Product repair [3c]/2A Rubber tyer Retreading

oy em evael gebA oy evig og I .etsaw ht krow rof snekot

[3c]/3A Metal Copper Alluminium

Re-use Seat

Material repair Shredding Melting

New tyers

[3c]/3B Glass

Building foundation

Material repair Material seperation ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

[3c]/2B Material repair Shredding

Combustion

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Grounded

Melted

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

[3c]/5A Woods

Material repair Sawing

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

INTRODUCED OPERATIONS

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Mulch [3b]/5B Shredding

Rolling

Mixing/pulping

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Washing

Material repair

[3c]/4A

Cardboard Shredding Paper

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

SO To LD co ou m ts pa id ni e m es a

A w t

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Optimising spatial conditions

Introduced operations

Introducing recycling operations

Interconnecting site 113

[3c]

[3c/4A]

OPERATIONAL OUTCOME The new spatial operations creates connections between other sites through the gaps in what they can't accommodate for. eg. Plastics sorting site cannot process the material due to it been in a public & private dwelling area. So the process needs to take place in a site that's further away.

OPERATIONAL OUTCOME: INTERCONNECTING SITE

[1] Collecting

[2] Sorting

[3] Recycling

[4] upcycling

[04] U P C Y C L I N G

Mechanisms key PLAN

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

SCENARIO Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

REDUCED

EXISTING Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Dumpsters

LAWMA street sweepers

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

OPTOMISED Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Scavenger Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Cart pusher

PRESERVED Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Occupied public space trader Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Privately owned property/vendure

Abeg leave meAbeg Abeg leave me your your leave me your waste. I go give waste. you I go give youwaste. I go give you tokens for work tokens tokens for work things thingsfor work things

On foot public space trader

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PSP trucks Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PROPOSED

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Rubbish bins Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Private fences Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Unoccupied public fences

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Occupied public fences Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Private space collector

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Public space collector

Private material compactors Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Bio fuel converter

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

PHASE [4] MATRIX

114

EXISTING

PROPOSED

[4b] OCCUPIED PUBLIC SPACE

UPCYCLING COLLECTION POINTS

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

EXAMLPLE

UPCYCLING EXAMPLES BUILDING INFRASTRUCTURE

PET plastics

FLOOR/TABLE-COVER

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Packaging plastics

TRADABLE ITEMS

Rubber tyers

PHASE PRECEDENT 115

Living in Olusosun landfill Space takes on life of it's own through the way people use it for everyday living situations such as praying.

Site 03

Site 08

EXISTING MATERIAL APPROPRIATION

Roof covers using reclaimed materials

Trader's floor matts using plastic packaging

Sandals made from rubber tyres

Seating made from rubber tyres

SITE 08: Main market landfill

Mass upcycling

Large landfill

Cart-pushers & scavengers

Triggers mass disposal 116

SECTION 08

EXISTING SPATIAL CONDITION: LARGE LANDFILL SITE

Production space

Undesignated terriotories between occupants

117

Site location

LARGE LANDFILL AREA Because of the size of the site, it acts as a mass disposal point for some parts of the suburb and the entire market place.

TRIGGERED EVENTS: MASS DISPOSAL

Largee landfill

Cart-pushers & scavengers

Triggers mass disposal

Optimised collection & disposal operations

118 OPTIMISE Private/formal dwellings

OPTIMISE Public/informal hawkers

REDUCE Public/formal/company LAWMA street sweeper

REDUCE Private/ polluting generator

Waste collection

TRIGGERED OCCUPANTS: CART PUSHER & SCAVENGER

O P v

Undesignated terriotories between occupants

Production space

119

OPTIMISE Public/informal vendors

OPTIMISE Public/informal landfill office

LAWMA truck collection

REDUCE Public refuse burning

OPTIMISE Private/informal/independent cart pusher disposal

OPTIMISE Public/ informal/independent scavenging collection

CART PUSHER DISPOSAL & SCAVENGER COLLECTION The disposal point allows the cart pusher and the scavenger to openly operate.

OPTIMISED OPERATIONS: COLLECTION & DISPOSAL OF WASTE

Large landfill

Cart-pushers & scavengers

Triggers mass disposal

Optimised collection & disposal operations

120

Rubber

Papers Glass

Woods

Electronics

SECTION 08

INTRODUCED OPERATION: PRODUCTION SPACE

Plastics

Loading Pit: Mixed hard rubbish

Electronics

Abeg leave Abeg leave me your waste. I go gi waste. I go give you tokens for w tokens for work things

Production space

none designated territories between occupants

Designated production zone

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

121

Transport PSP trucks

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Proposed rubbish bins

Abeg leave me your Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you waste. I go give you tokens for work things tokens for work things

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Proposed private fences Proposed unoccupied public fences ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Proposed occupied public fences

Proposed private material compacting

green reserve

Proposed private space collector

Proposed public space collector

Occupied public space trader

Production site zoom in

INTRODUCED MECHANISM: DESIGNATED PRODUCTION SPACE

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Large landfill

Cart-pushers & scavengers

Triggers mass disposal

Optimised collection & disposal operations

122

[1d]

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

Operations cycle

[3a] Private material compacting

UN To CO pr st MP od ag A uc e [ CT tio 4a ED n ]s sp ite ac 08 e

[1b] Fence, occupied public space

INTRODUCED OPERATIONS

[2a] Public/formal token exchange

COMPACTED

Undesignated terriotories between occupants

Production space Designated production zone

123

[2a]

[2b]

[3a]

[1b]

[4a]

ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

Abeg leave me your waste. I go give you tokens for work things

CO To MP st AC ag T e ED [3 b] 15

[2b] Public/semiformal sorting space

TRIGGERED OUTCOME: MASS EVENT SPACE ruoy em evael gebA uoy evig og I .etsaw sgniht krow rof snekot

[1a]

Large landfill

Cart-pushers & scavengers

Triggers mass disposal

Optimised collection & disposal operations 124

Production site zoom in

NEW SPATIAL CONDITION: NONDESIGNATED TERITORIES

Production space

None-designated territories between occupants

Designated production zone

Inter-trader Encroachment 125

INTER-TRADER ENCROACHMENT A lack of designation for boundaries triggers encroachment. This allows inter-trader relationships to occur in the same way it does at a traditional market place.

SPATIAL OUTCOME: INTER-TRADER ENCROACHMENT

MICRO SCALE 126

Tin cans build up to form play & shaded areas

TIN CAN [TC]

BUILDABLE

Aluminium cans exchanged for money or herb plants for personal use.

ALUMINIUM CAN [AC]

TRADEABLE

UPCYCLING PRODUCTS 127

Wood scraps to be re-milled for sale or to be build public facilities and mulch for ground.

WOOD SCRAP [W]

TRADEABLE

MICRO SCALE 128

Cardboard used for growing plants before it disintegrates into ground.

BOX BOARD [PA]

TRADEABLE

Boxes stacked up to create tradding/living spaces

BOX BOARD [PA]

BUILDABLE

UPCYCLING PRODUCTS 129

Re-use glass bottles as chandeliers & flower pots.

GLASS BOTTLE [GB]

TRADEABLE

Glassphalt roads for connecting motor ways.

GLASS BOTTLE [GB]

BUILDABLE

MICRO SCALE 130

Tire swings for public & private use

RUBBER TIRE [RT]

TRADEABLE

Food grown in tires for personal use. Tires used to establish roads/paths.

RUBBER TIRE [RT]

BUILDABLE

TRADEABLE

UPCYCLING PRODUCTS 131

Tire seating

RUBBER TIRE [RT]

BUILDABLE

Sculptures of animals and lighting made from tires' material.

RUBBER TIRE [RT]

BUILDABLE

MICRO SCALE 132

Plastic bags exchanged for woven plastic items

PLASTIC BAG [PB]

TRADEABLE

Plastic bags exchanged for movers' market mats for new market areas.

PLASTIC BAG [PB]

TRADEABLE

UPCYCLING PRODUCTS 133

Plastic bottles exchanged for herbs and plants grown in them

PLASTIC BOTTLE [PBL}

TRADEABLE

Plastic bottles to build new public facilities

PLASTIC BOTTLE [PBL}

BUILDABLE

MICRO SCALE 134

Yoghurt packaging exchanged for new items made from them

YOGO PACKET [YP]

TRADABLE

Plastic packaging used to make covers for yoghurt carts. They can be exchanged for new packets of ice cream or yoghurt.

YOGO PACKET [YP]

TRADABLE

UPCYCLING PRODUCTS 135

Private methane production. Eg. Fruit trader can collect waste produced from peels remains and take it home for digestion.

ORGANIC [O]

TRADABLE

Methane production in public spaces produce new products to be sold/exchanged to public and fertilizer market

ORGANIC [O]

TRADABLE

P R O J E C T I O N

Practice 136

2010

2015

2020

The third form is a theoretical framework that explores the socio-ethical discussions of urban development. It is a mode of intervening that comes from the method of integrating new operations into sensitive, complex and mobile environments.

2027

It is an alternative to the approach of master planning that imposes the idea of development unto dwellings that are not of standard forms of habitations. The method involves looking for opportunities that exist within social dynamics and other existing forces that shape the site's entangled identity.

2029

This is not to say that urban development should only exist within the linear prospects of the bottom up approach. This cannot always be the answer, as not all situations can be understood through linearity. After all one can only untangle a tangled narrative through the reversed repetition of the entangling process. Though the project intended to approach the problems of waste through the linearities of phases, scales and sites, the outcome prooved otherwise. Space and time are not linear, and as soon as linear processes are introduced, they become entangled by the site's forces.

2030

Of a third form 137

2025

2030

Background references

The return of the landscape, Desvigne and dalnoky The three ecologies, felix gauttari www.wecyclers.com www.okayafrica.com www.lagosstate.gov.ng www.inhabitat.com www.lawma.gov.ng www.greentech-opportunities.com future4greenenergy.blogspot.com environmentvictoria.org.au bioapplications.blogspot.com www.skyrenewableenergy.com nevrwaste.vic.gov.au www.bbc.co.uk www.africancentreforcities.net