Hutong Revival
Protecting and rebuilding Beijing's Xiaochangkou Hutong,restore the real Beijing Hutong culture
Research question How does traditional culture survive in the context of urbanization ？ How to use cultural landscape to protect traditional Hutong culture from being replaced by modernization.
Student name:Ruicao Student number:3685358
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Context
CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1. What is Hutong culture? 2. Why does Hutong culture need to be paid attention to? 3. Clients/Stockholder &UNG 4. Community practice & Methodology 5. Theoretical Framework
CHAPTER 2 Venue information 1. Global scale 2. City scale 3. Site location 4. Building type 5. Site circulation 6. Site identity
7. Issues & challenges 7.1 Site A 7.2 Site B 7.3 Site C 8. Conclusion
CHAPTER 3 Concept 1. Design purpose 2. Case study 3. Reflection
CHAPTER 4 Design 1.Design overview 1.1 Plan(Large scale) 1.2 Transection 1.Resident life exhibition 1.1 Site photos 1.2 Plan & Section(small scale) 1.3 Plan & Section(detail scale) 1.4 Diagram 1.5 Landscape experience 2.Hutong Commercial Street 2.1 Site photos 2.2 Plan & Section(small scale) 2.3 Plan & Section(detail scale) 2.4 Diagram 2.5 Landscape experience
3. Art corridor 3.1 Site photos 3.2 Plan & Section(small scale) 3.3 Plan & Section(detail scale) 3.4 Diagram 3.5 Landscape experience 4.Hutong Commercial Street 4.1 Site photos 4.2 Plan & Section(small scale) 4.3 Plan & Section(detail scale) 4.4 Diagram 4.5 Landscape experience
CHAPTER 5 Reflection 1. Achievement 2. Gape 3. Reference list
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Abstract As the carrier of human civilization, culture embodies the different cultural characteristics of each region, and these different cultures constitute our diverse world, but now culture is facing a huge challenge. Samuel Phillips Huntington mentioned in "The Clash of Civilizations" that cultural shock has had a huge impact on countries with different cultures. The original inherent culture has been eroded. In addition, according to Shilingi Zheng(2017）statements that, Over-urbanization has severely affected traditional cultures such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Due to the lack of sufficient industrialization technology and urban planning,which lead to urban construction lose its own cultural characteristics. Therefore, it is very important to consider how traditional culture can survive in a modern society. Beijing is an ancient historical and cultural city, but due to rapid urbanization and cultural invasion, Beijing’s cultural characteristics have been destroyed. Hutongs, as a feature of Beijing’s culture are facing a huge challenge. the number of hutongs and residents has declined rapidly compared to 10 years ago and many traditional buildings in the hutong have been destroyed and replaced, and the road space is also occupied by cars. The residents in the hutong have lost their previous way of life. All signs indicate that the culture of the hutong is almost disappearing. Now the latest policy of Beijing’s urban planning in 2020 emphasizes the need to protect Beijing’s historical and cultural cities. Through restore the Beijing Hutong culture by restoring the original Beijing people’s way of life and preserve the most authentic memories of the local people. On the other hand, through the "city as a museum" approach, the landscape elements and spatial characteristics of Hutong are compared to a museum that spreads culture, so that visitors can understand Hutong culture and spread it better. Therefore, this project will explore the reshaping of Beijing's traditional hutongs, and how to improve the quality of life of residents and alos protect the original living conditions of the hutongs. On the other hand, ensure that the sustainable development of the hutongs will not be replaced. It can also strengthen its cultural dissemination ability and pass on the characteristics of Beijing Hutong to make Beijing more historical.
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CHAPTER 1 Introduction
This chapter will first introduce what are the components of traditional Hutong culture, and why traditional culture and Hutong culture need to be paid attention to and protected, and what are the main challenges that traditional culture faces in current society. In addition, it will explore how to solve and protect traditional culture in this context and what its methodology is.
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Hutong Culture
Opportunities Challenges
Methodology
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Introduction
1. What is Hutong culture? Spatial structure According to Wengli (2017) in the book "The Hutong of Beijing". In terms of spatial structure, Hutong can be divided into two parts, one is the street, and the other is the area where people live on both sides of the road, that is the courtyard.Hutong is composed of one main road, and several small roads connect the courtyards of each family, and finally form the real form of Hutong.
Beijing Hutong
Hutong structure diagram
lifestyle There are also many descriptions in "The Hutong of Beijing" about the lifestyles of the residents of the hutongs. Some people sit together and play chess or drink tea,some people are selling by set up a stall, others perform street acrobatics, and children run and play in the alleys. This kind of neighborhood relationship and unique business model constitute the lifestyle of people in Hutong.
Neighborhood life
Outdoor activities
Business model
Landscape elements There are many landscape elements with Beijing characteristics in Hutong. These sculptures, walls and carvings all have a long history, and they are also the elements that best reflect the cultural characteristics of Beijing Hutong.
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Shangma stone
Shuanma stone
Jigu stone
Brick and tile
Door
Introduction
1. What is Hutong culture? Conclusion Hutong culture can be divided into two aspects, invisible and tangible. invisible The intangible aspects of Hutong culture are mainly reflected in the lifestyles of local residents. The most traditional lifestyles can be classified into two types. 1: Hutong’s neighborhood culture, this is mainly reflected in the neighborhood relationship between the families in the hutong to communicate with each other and share their lives. 2: Market culture is a special hutong business model. This culture is embodied in the hutong residents exchanging items, doing business and setting up stalls to buy and sell some old Beijing traditional items, such as food, clothes and antiques. visible This visible culture is mainly reflected in the special landscape elements in the hutong such as: architecture, walls, bricks, tiles and sculptures. These very characteristic Hutong elements make up the Hutong streets that people see now.
The composition of Hutong culture
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Introduction
2. Why does Hutong culture need to be paid attention to?
Globalization & Cultural shock In 1993, Harvard University professor Samuel P. Huntington declared in "The Clash of Civilizations" that the clash of civilizations will be the dominant mode of future conflict. Due to the impact of globalization, the world has become smaller, and cultural shock between different countries have become more frequent. Because of modernization and social changes, traditional culture has encountered the blow of advanced culture, and Eastern culture has received a strong impact from Western culture, making Eastern traditional culture gradually replaced. However, globalization should not be equal to Westernization, and regions should have their own characteristics. Therefore, traditional culture faces huge challenges, how to avoid being replaced in the development of modern cities, and how to be protected as a regional feature and be respected.
Samuel P. Huntington
Over-urbanization In 1993, Harvard University professor Samuel P. Huntington declared in "The Clash of Civilizations" that the clash of civilizations will be the dominant mode of future conflict. Due to the impact of globalization, the world has become smaller, and cultural shock between different countries have become more frequent. Because of modernization and social changes, traditional culture has encountered the blow of advanced culture, and Eastern culture has received a strong impact from Western culture, making Eastern traditional culture gradually replaced. However, globalization should not be equal to Westernization, and regions should have their own characteristics. Therefore, traditional culture faces huge challenges, how to avoid being replaced in the development of modern cities, and how to be protected as a regional feature and be respected.
Conclusion 1.Traditional culture is being affected by cultural shock. In many eastern cities, traditional culture has been replaced by Westernization. 2.Traditional culture is disappearing in some over-urbanized cities. Over-urbanization makes cities develop rapidly while ignoring the protection of old culture. Some cities lack their own cultural characteristics.
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Introduction
2. Why does Hutong culture need to be paid attention to?
The current situation of Beijing Hutong According to the latest statistics of the Beijing Urban Planning in 2020, the number of hutongs and residents has declined rapidly compared to 10 years ago. also, like writer Weng Li described in the book "The Hutong of Beijing." Many traditional buildings in the hutong have been destroyed and replaced, and the road space is also occupied by cars. The residents in the hutong have lost their previous way of life. All signs indicate that the culture of the hutong is almost disappearing. City wall Well-preserved Damaged Completely destroyed
1960
1990 Number of Hutongs in Beijing (1960-2010)
2010
Conclusion Hutongs are difficult to survive in Beijing. Both tangible and intangible cultures have been destroyed. The population loss of hutongs is serious, and the environment of the hutongs is getting worse and worse. Many hutongs now have lost their earliest functions and cultural characteristics. In the future, hutongs are likely to disappear but become memories.
Before
After
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Introduction
3. Clients/Stockholder &UNG
Clients&Stockholder Beijing Xicheng District People Government Beijing Xicheng District People Government is responsible for The cultural heritage protection of Xicheng District, the quality of life of the people and the development of the city.
Beijing Cultural Heritage Protection Center(CHP) The most significant feature of the 1972 World Heritage Convention is that it links together in a single document the concepts of nature conservation and the preservation of cultural properties. The Convention recognizes the way in which people interact with nature, and the fundamental need to preserve the balance between the two.
Beijing Urban Construction Group (BUCG) Beijing Urban Construction Group (BUCG) is a large international comprehensive construction group, mainly doing General Contracting, Real Estate Development and Design & Consultancy businesses.
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Introduction
3. Clients/Stockholder &UNG
UN Sunstainable Development Goals
In today’s interconnected world, culture's power to transform societies is clear. Its diverse manifestations – from our cherished historic monuments and museums to traditional practices and contemporary art forms – enrich our everyday lives in countless ways.
1. By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums 2. Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage 3. By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management 4. By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities
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Introduction
4. Community practice & Methodology
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Introduction
5.Theoretical Framework
Research question How does traditional culture survive in the context of urbanization, and how to use cultural landscape to protect traditional Hutong culture from being replaced by modernization.
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CHAPTER 2 Venue information
Due to over-urbanization and cultural invasion, the impression city lacks its own cultural characteristics. Following this clue, this chapter will discuss the search for potential sites on a global scale. In addition, the basic information of the site and its obvious characteristics will be explained in detail. And the opportunities and challenges it faces.
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Potential site
Site Status
Opportunities Challenges
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Venue information 1. Global scale
Conclusion 1.Throug learning about the number of cultural heritage around the world to find which areas are most likely to be damaged. 2.By Investigated the urbanization process and urban population growth in countries to determine which countries may have over-urbanization. 3.By understanding the distribution and number of foreign tourists to speculate that those countries may be suffering from cultural invision.
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Venue information 2. City scale
Conclusion Beijing and Shanghai are the cities with the fastest development of urbanization, which also means that the over urbanization is most likely to occur in this two city. In addition, Beijing has the largest number of cultural heritages, and there are a large number of foreign tourists and migrants every year. There was a serious phenomenon that traditional culture in Beijing was destroyed by foreign culture and urbanization process. Such as, Beijing city wall and Beijing temples. Due to the rapid expansion of Beijing's urban population and the process of urbanization, the living conditions of Beijing will be challenged in the future, which will inevitably continue to destroy Beijing's traditional culture.
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Venue information 3. Site location
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Conclusion Xiaochangkou Hutong is located in Xicheng District, Beijing, with a total length of about 800 meters. It is one of the oldest alleys in Beijing. The site is also located in the coordination area between the cultural protection and construction areas of Xicheng District, which may be a challenge for the Hutong.
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Venue information 4. Building type
Residential area
The numer of residential house is the largest in the hutong. They are distributed in various areas of the venue.
Shops & restaurants
There is a large number of commercial buildings in the middle area of the Hutong, such as restaurants, supermarkets and souvenir shops. It is the area where merchants in the Hutong do business.
Heritage building
There are many cultural heritage buildings on the east side of the site. They have a long history and they are also landmarks of Hutong.
Modern building
Modern buildings mainly refer to buildings such as apartments, supermarkets and offices that have no hutong features after being renovated for the second time.
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Conclusion
Residential building area
Commercial street area
Mixed area
According to the building type of the site, the hutong can be divided into three parts. First, the residential area is dominated by residents. There are a large number of residents in the area. Residents like to chat beside the wall and in some open spaces. There are many shops and stalls in the commercial area, and it is also the place with the largest traffic in the alley. The mixed area on the east side has many modern buildings and heritage buildings. It is the place where the Hutong suffers the most cultural shock. This area is also the area with the lowest density of residents.
The composition of Hutong Building model
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Venue information 5. Site circulation
Highway
Hutong connects two highways.
Main roads (car & bicycle roads)
The hutong of Xiaochangkou is mainly composed of a main road about 800 meters long, which can be used by cars, bicycles and pedestrians..
Trails (roads for local residents)
There are many small trails connected to the main road in the hutong. These small trails are also the main walking passages used by local residents..
Crowd gathering
The population distribution data comes from the 2018 Guang'anmen Demographic Bureau. It can be seen that people mainly gatgered in the west and middle of the hutong..
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Conclusion
High road network and crowd density
Low population density
According to the map, it can be seen that there is a main road in the site and there are intersections composed of many small roads. These areas are also areas where a large number of people gather. The site can be divided into two parts and that is based on road and crowd conditions of the site. The distribution of people throughout the site is very uneven. There are serious traffic problems on the west side of the site and few people and vehicles in the east.
The composition of Hutong circulation
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Venue information 6. Site identity
Conclusion 1. There are many types of buildings in the hutong of Xiaochangkou, excluding some traditional cultural buildings there are also some newly buildings in the hutong, such as schools, apartments and supermarket. 2. The road system in the alley is relatively simple, with only one main road, which can be used by cars, bicycles and pedestrians. 3.There are a lot of unique landscape elements in the hutong, such as gates, eaves, sculptures and murals. 4.The groups living in the hutongs are mainly locals, and there are very few external immigrants. The locals are mainly elderly people. They usually like to scatter or gather in the alleys to chat.
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2 Venue information 7. Issues & challenges
Conclusion According to function, building type, road structure and crowd distribution. Divide the site into three main parts.
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1. Site A is mainly composed of a large public space and laneway, and the building types are mainly modern buildings and cultural heritage buildings. 2. Site B in the middle area, the main commercial center of Hutong, has a large number of shops and restaurants and high crowd density. 3. Site C, mainly for residents, has a large number of people gathered and serves as the main entrance to the site.
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2 Venue information 7. Issues & challenges 7.1 Site A
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Conclusion Site A is located on the east side of the alley and is mainly composed of a square square and an alleyway. The main problems in the venue are. 1. Serious damage to cultural heritage buildings. 2. The public space is occupied by cars and debris. 3. The venue lacks cultural symbols and features of Hutong. 4. Garbage and debris affect road usage.
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2 Venue information 7. Issues & challenges 7.2 Site B
Conclusion Site B is located in the middle of the Hutong. There is a large number of shops and restaurants in the site, and the crowd is dense. It is the main trade center of the Hutong. The main problems of this venue are 1. Lack of stall management occupy the road. 2. Lack of hutong cultural characteristics. 3. Pile up rubbish and debris at will. 4. Lack of sidewalks and car lanes to manage traffic chaos.
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2 Venue information 7. Issues & challenges 7.3 Site C
Conclusion Site C is located to the west of the Hutong and is the main entrance to the Hutong. This area has a large number of residential buildings and people to gather, which is the main activity and exchange area of local residents. 1. Lack of infrastructure construction. 2. The public space is occupied by cars and debris. 3. The entry mark is missing. 4. Serious damage to buildings and walls.
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2 Venue information 8. Conclusion
Conclusion
Resident activity space
Commercial
Due to urbanization and cultural shock, the traditional cultural buildings in the Xiaochangkou Hutong have been severely damaged. On the other hand,the resident population is decreasing year by year And there is a serious aging problem, the culture in the hutongs is difficult to be recognized by young people.The street space is occupied by a large number of cars, sundries and rubbish. There is less communication space and activity space for residents, and the traditional neighbourhood life culture is gradually disappearing.The roads and building in the hutongs are severely damaged, the historical buildings and landscape elements in the hutong are difficult to protect, and the characteristics of the hutong are gradually disappearing
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l street
Cultural building
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CHAPTER 3 Concept
This chapter will analyze a series of landscape cases to explore the design methods and ideas, and feed back to the hutong to solve the current problems of the Xiaochangkou Hutong.And finally get the design concept of the venue
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Design Purpose
Case study
Reflection Concept
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Concept
1. Design purpose
Site environmental sustainability
Spread cultura
Enhance communication Improve travel experience
Conclusion According to the site status and problems to plan design purpose. 1.Use landscape methods to protect the Hutong elements, such as walls, buildings and paving, to make the Hutong sustainable. 2.Create streets with Hutong characteristics, enhance the attractiveness of the streets, and combine the elements of traditional culture with modernization. Let the streets have more Hutong characteristics and survive in modern cities. 3.Restore the original life style of Hutong people, enrich their daily life, and give local residents a better quality of life. 4.Enhance the infrastructure construction of the site, so that both tourists and residents can have a better travel experience. At the same time, attract more young people to learn about Hutong and spread Hutong more effectively. 5.Through the way to solve the road confusion to reduce the phenomenon of cars occupying the road and provide better living space for local residents.
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Restore the traditional hutong lifestyle
Strong attraction
d hutong al characteristics
Protect historical and cultural elements
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Concept
2. Case study
The city as a museum
Introduction This article mainly discusses the use of the City Museum as the theoretical basis to reshape the interior of Stockholm. In order to solve the contradiction between the old and the new in the city (urban development and cultural preservation).
Reshape the urban function The designer used the entire interior of the city as its project site and defined the city as A large museum. Reshape space and streets The author tried to use the public space and roads of the city as elements in the museum. For example, the streets of Stockholm were used as the galleries of art museums, and the elements in the city were used as artworks on display. When people walk around the street and look around, they are also in the gallery to appreciate the exhibits.
Reshape the definition of the city
Original space and road
After resahping
Conclusion The designer redefines the function of the city and regards the city as a large museum. Through the idea of this city museum, Hutong also has its own cultural characteristic blocks, such as residents' life, commercial trade and Hutong elements. Therefore, Hutong Museum can be used as a potential design concept and widely used in Hutong.
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Beijing Shi jia Hutong
Conclusion In order to protect the traditional hutong culture, the hutong museum was built inside the hutong and used a large number of art sculptures to map the appearance of the hutong through colors and different sculpture forms, and these sculptures were also used as childlike installations to attract children use.
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Concept
2. Case study
Conclusion By designing the small space between the buildings, the designer gives the local residents more opportunities for communication in public space. In addition, the road is divided to determine the boundaries of sidewalks, bicycle lanes and car lanes. On the other hand, it reshapes the cultural elements of the site Such as bricks, tiles, stones and vegetation. Give the street unique cultural attributes.
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The same condition as Yongqingfang is that Hutong is also composed of narrow Lanway, so in the use of public space, the natural gathering way of residents can be used to design small public spaces between buildings. In addition, the landscape elements that reshape the hutongs endow the street culture with particularity.
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Concept
2. Case study
Conclusion The designer rejuvenated the site by planting a lot of vegetation in the laneway. This method of covering the surface of the building with vegetation can protect the building. This method can also be used in the Hutong.
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Concept
3. Reflection Design concept 1. Regarding the entire hutong as a living museum, the purpose is to show the invisible and tangible culture of the hutong in front of people. 2. Divide the museum into 4 exhibition halls according to the pre-regional division: Resident Life Exhibition Hall, Hutong Commercial Street, Art Exhibition, and Cultural Plaza. Enhance the attractiveness of the street by showing different forms of Hutong culture. 3. Use the small space between the buildings as the main communication space of the site, and combine the local Hutong elements to give it cultural characteristics. 4. Green streets, protect buildings and paving through vegetation, and ensure the sustainable development of Hutongs. 5. Divide roads and establish parking lots, and turn streets into single lanes to reduce vehicle congestion and space occupation. 6. Add infrastructure to improve the travel experience of residents and tourists.
The composition of Hutong circulation
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CHAPTER 4 Design This chapter will explain how to use the Hutong Museum as the main methodology to apply to my school field hutong. As well as the detailed design of public spaces, roads, infrastructure and vegetation in each area.
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Design overview
Hutong MUseum
Detail
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Design
1.Design overview 1.1 Plan(Road system)
Site Highway Main road The composition of Hutong circulation
Roadway & Hutong
Conclusion The site is connected to two main roads, and there are also many hutongs connected to it. This gives the site a great advantage in terms of traffic, and multiple roads can enter the site.
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Subway station
Bus station The composition of Hutong circulation
Bus routes Subway Routes
Conclusion There are many bus stops on the west side of the site, the nearest bus stop is less than 100 meters from the entrance on the west side of the site, and there are 2 subway stations on the east side of the site about 300 meters from the alley. Therefore, the site has a very good public transportation system, and both tourists and residents can reach here by public transportation.
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Design
1.Design overview 1.2 Hutong museum
Hutong Life Exhibition Hall
Hutong Commercial Street
Conclusion The Hutong Museum mainly displays the tangible and intangible culture of Hutong to achieve the role of cultural protection and inheritance. The design is mainly divided into four parts. 1.The first part of the Hutong Life Exhibition Hall, through the construction of public space and infrastructure, to show the lifestyle of local residents, is a display of intangible culture. 2.The second part is the Hutong Commercial Street, which mainly displays the booth culture of Beijing, shows the communication and trade between people, and is also a display of intangible culture. 3.The third part of the art corridor is mainly based on Hutong art installations. He has done these installations to show the cultural elements and historical stories of Hutong, which is a display of tangible culture. 4.The fourth part is the cultural square, which mainly displays the outdoor activities and entertainment of the Hutong people. It also provides a communication platform for locals and tourists, which is a comprehensive display of the Hutong culture.
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Art corridor
Cultural Square
Car parking lot
Concept of Hutong Museum
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Design
1.Design overview 1.3 Open space Communication space
Residents' gathering way
Public space between buildings Residents' gathering way Public space in the square
Because the residents' living habits are to gather around the building or next to the gate, the communication space in the hutong is mainly built in the gap between the two sides of the road and the building..
Parking lot
Residents' gathering way
Residents' gathering way Parking in the Hutong street itself is forbidden, but because there is no parking lot, cars often illegally park to occupy the road and space. Therefore, the establishment of parking lots can well control the traffic flow in the hutong and reduce the space occupied by vehicles.and gave them new functions by reshaping the street space and architecture.
Open space distribution of the site
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Conclusion
Current status of the street
After design
In the past, the interactive space for residents was occupied by cars or other things. Now, parking lots and large square spaces are built to provide residents with a better outdoor activity experience.
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Design
1.Design overview 1.3 Infrastructure Seat Planting box
Seatable area Shangmashi seat based on Hutong elements
Functional
Shangma stone
Seat
Light
stall sign
A street lamp made according to Shuan Ma stone.
Functional
Shuanma zhuang
Light
Site infrastructure distribution
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Shop signs with Hutong characteristics
Traditional Beijing Signboard
Pergola
Landscape gallery with Hutong characteristics based on traditional door culture
Functional
The door of the Hutong
Chinese style pergola
Pavement
Tile
Brick Brick paving
Brick paving with Hutong characteristics based on bricks and tiles
Tile edge Communication space paving
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Design
2.Resident life exhibition 2.1 Plan and section (small scale)
Multi-person communication space
Gate Tourist communication space chinese style pergola Tree pit Small communication space(shang ma stone)
Plan: Hutong Life Exhibition Hall
Small communication space
Chinese bird frame Multi-person communication space Small communication space(shang ma stone)
Sectional: Hutong Life Exhibition Hall In order to satisfy residents' life needs and visitors' experience, there are two exchange areas in the site: the residents living area on the north side of the road, and the tourist rest area on the south side of the road. In the residential area, the seat with the above horse stone as the main element is added, and the traditional Chinese corridor frame shows the state of the old Beijingers living and chatting in the hutong on weekdays. On the other side is a rest area for tourists, which is dominated by corridors. On this side, visitors can see the life of the residents on the opposite side, which is like a living museum exhibition.
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Design
2.Resident life exhibition 2.2 Plan (detailed scale)
Bamboo planting box Stone tables and chairs
Small communication space Shangma Stone Planting Box Chinese bird frame
Tree pit Shuanma shi lamp
Table
Gate
Detailed plane: Hutong Life Exhibition Hall
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Design
2.Resident life exhibition 2.3 Section (detailed scale)
Gate
Chinese bird frame
chinese style pergola shuan ma stone lamp Shang ma stone Planting box Bamboo planting box
Section aa'
Chinese style pergola Shang ma stone Seat Shang ma stone Planting box Table & Chinese shanshui Bamboo planting box
Section bb'
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Design
2.Resident life exhibition 2.4 Site photo
2 4
1
6 5
3
1
Street view
2
Space between buildings
3
Natural gathering of residents
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Residents' living conditions
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Set up a stall
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street view
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Design
2.Resident life exhibition 2.5 Diagram
The use of bamboo can play air purification and sound insulation effects, and bamboo itself is also a plant with Chinese characteristics. In order to restore the living conditions of the residents to the greatest extent, after learning about their hobbies, such as playing chess, drinking tea, playing cards and raising birds etc. The infrastructure of the venue is arranged according to these hobbies and combined with the elements of the hutong to form a unique hutong life exchange space.
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Design
2.Resident life exhibition 2.6 Landscape experience
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Design
3.Hutong Commercial Street 3.2 Plan and section (small scale)
Stall Multi-person communication space Shop area paving
Tree pit Planting box
Plan: Hutong Commercial Street
Chinese Signboard Stall Planting box
Sectional: Hutong Commercial Street In order to meet the trade needs of local residents, the original messy commercial streets were reorganized, the area of stalls was standardized to reduce the phenomenon of road occupation, and the traditional cultural elements were combined to make stalls with Hutong charm. In addition, a multi-person communication space was established in the area between buildings to meet the needs of residents.
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Design
3.Hutong Commercial Street 3.3 Plane (detailed scale)
Commodity display area
Bamboo planting area
Stone table planting box Tree pit
Detailed plane: Hutong Commercial Street
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Design
3.Hutong Commercial Street 3.4 Section (detailed scale)
Stone table Chinese Signboard
Trash can Stall Bamboo planting area
Section aa'
Chinese Signboard Planting box Bamboo planting area Stone table Commodity display area
Section bb'
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Design
3.Hutong Commercial Street 3.1 Site photos
2
4
1 3
5
1
Street view
2
Debris accumulation
3
Messy stall
4
School
5
Commercial Building
6
street view
6
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Design
3.Hutong Commercial Street 3.5 Diagram
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Design
3.Hutong Commercial Street 3.6 Landscape experience
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Design
4.Art corridor 4.1 Plan and section (small scale)
Chinese pergola Rest and viewing area Bamboo planting area
Colored asphalt paving
Plan: Art corridor
Chinese Pergola
Planting box
Sectional: Art corridor
To the north of the hutong, a lot of space for rest and viewing has been added, and there are many modern buildings on the north side, which makes the site lack cultural characteristics. Therefore, a large number of cultural sculptures and artworks are used to decorate the entire street to make the street look more culturally specific. To the north is a rest area composed of Scenic Pergola with Chinese characteristics, and to the south are some landscape sculptures with hutong elements and some Art exhibits.
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Design
4.Art corridor 4.2 Plan (detailed scale)
Seat
Hutong Art Sculpture Exhibition Area
Bamboo planting area
Chinese Pergola
Detailed plane: Art corridor
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Design
4.Art corridor 4.3 Section (detailed scale)
Chinese Signboard
Bamboo planting area Seat Hutong Art Sculpture Exhibition Area
Section aa'
Chinese Signboard
Seat Bamboo planting area
Section bb'
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Design
4.Art corridor 4.5Site photos
3
1
4
2
6 5
1
Street view
2
Iliegal parking
3
Modern building
4
Modern building
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Pile of debris
6
Street view
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Design
4.Art corridor 4.4 Diagram
Jigu stone
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Shuanma stone
Jing shan
Sculpture
Design
4.Art corridor 4.6 Landscape experience
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Design
5.Hutong Cultural Square 5.1 Plan and section (small scale)
Chinese pergola Children's square Chinese character square Gate Fitness activity area
Chinese pergola
Pen holder fence Stone table & seat
As the largest public space in the hutong, the cultural area can provide local residents with outdoor activities and fitness space, and also has a place for children to play. In addition, on the side close to the building is a rest area composed of Chinese pergola.
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Design
5.Hutong Cultural Square 5.2 Plan (detailed scale)
Pen holder fence
Chinese pergola Chinese Character grid Paving Planting area Flower bed seat
seat Fitness Equipment
Cement slope
Stone table & seat
Detailed plane: Hutong Cultural Square
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Design
5.Hutong Cultural Square 5.3 Section (detailed scale)
Chinese pergola
seat Stone table & seat Bamboo Planting box Fitness Equipment
Section aa'
Pen holder fence
Brush Chinese pergola
Stone table & seat Planting box
Section bb'
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Design
5.Hutong Cultural Square 5.4 Site photos
1
2
6 4
5
3
1
Street view
2
Space occupied by debris
3
Cultural heritage building
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Damaged brick wall
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Deserted space
6
street view
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Design
5.Hutong Cultural Square 5.5 Diagram
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Design
5.Hutong Cultural Square 5.6 Landscape experience
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CHAPTER 5 Reflection This chapter will describe the most important results to be achieved through the construction of Xiaochangkou Hutong, as well as the future development direction of the Hutong. In addition, the missing parts that may be involved in the project and their impact will be discussed.
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Achievement
Gap
Reference list
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Reflection
1. Achievement
With the development of world economy and science and technology, many countries have accelerated their pace of urbanization, and at the same time promoted the development of globalization. With this series of developments, people are living a more modern life, using more advanced electronic equipment, and living a more comfortable life. However, the rapid development here has not only brought about the modernization of people's lives, but also has a huge impact on traditional culture. Due to the process of urbanization, traditional temples, buildings and streets have become ruins, and people’s thinking is gradually changing due to the impact of advanced civilization. How should the once glorious traditional culture be respected in modern society? How should the culture that symbolize the city and national symbols be passed on? How should traditional culture be protected? Therefore, I hope that through the transformation of Beijing’s Xiaochangkou Hutong, local residents can feel the sense of national pride, while retaining the traditional appearance of the Hutong while giving it modern functions, combining the two. Let this backward but memory-filled civilization continue to survive in the context of urbanization and be respected by people. At the same time, the project is also used to respond to people's more concern about the protection of traditional culture and the tolerance and respect of local residents.
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Reflection 2. Gap
Applicability Although Xiaochangkou Hutong can be used as a symbol of Beijing's traditional hutongs, the question of whether the concept of Hutong Museum can be widely used in all hutongs in Beijing still needs more time to research. Sustainability Due to the large number of tourists and residents' activities brought about by the establishment of the Hutong Museum, it may cause damage to the landscape installations in the site. Although it satisfies the particularity of Beijing Hutong, it is still necessary to explore how to protect the site more persistently and how to maintain the Hutong culture. Policy As the capital of China, Beijing is one of the fastest-growing cities, and its policies have been changing during this rapid development. At present, Beijing’s urban planning policies are vigorously supporting the protection of traditional culture and the construction of hutongs, but in the future, we will still pay attention to the replacement of policies and explore how to comply with policy development while protecting the traditional culture of hutongs.
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Reference list
Academic research Bowers, C. A. (1983). Issues in Focus: Linguistic Roots of Cultural Invasion in Paulo Freire's Pedagogy. Teachers College Record, 84(4), 935-53. (The impact of cultural invasion on national education and culture) Chen, M., Liu, W., & Tao, X. (2013). Evolution and assessment on China's urbanization 1960–2010: underurbanization or over-urbanization?. Habitat International, 38, 25-33. (Understand the process of urbanization in China and the impact of over-urbanization) Chuyu Chen. (2018). Research on the Micro Reconstruction Mode of Yongqingfang, Enning Road, Guangzhou . (Case study) City of Melbourne. greening lnaeways. https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/community/greening-the-city/greeninfrastructure/Pages/greening-laneways.aspx (Case study) Ke-qin, S. U. N. (2008). Study on Protection and Sustainable Development of the World Heritage in China [J]. Journal of China University of Geosciences (Social Sciences Edition), 3. (Understand the situation of world cultural heritage in China and how they are protected) Koolhaas, R. (2014). Delirious New York: a retroactive manifesto for Manhattan. The Monacelli Press, LLC. (Community practice) Li Mingde, & Zhang Guangtai. (2020). Cultural relics in Fangjia Hutong. Beijing Chronicle, 1. (Case study)
Image Max Roser.(2019).International arrivals by country.Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/tourism (Understand the distribution of tourism in the world) Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser.(2019).Our World in Data. Share of populations living in urban areas.https:// ourworldindata.org/urbanization (Understand the process of urbanization in the world) Rander.(2020).Our World in Data. Map : Countries with the most UNESCO World Heritage Sites. https://infographic. tv/map-countries-with-the-most-unesco-world-heritage-sites/ (Understand the distribution of world culture)
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