1907-1908 NWU The Black and Red Vol. 11

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IU Black and Red Volume XI.

Watertown, Wisconsin, April, 1907.

LITERARY

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Number 1

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The Jesuits Among the Hurons.

Adalbert Sciialler, ’07.

Undoubtedly many of 11s number among their acquaintance some man or women already past their prime of life who can relate weird tales of Indian massacre, who can vividly recall the time when they and theirs could at any moment expect the blood-curdling war-whoop that meant death to all who were unarmed. And when these people tell us that they exchanged their homes in Europe for this wild and desolate country, because they wanted freedom in religious worship, or because they could no longer supply the wants of their family, we cannot but admire them. How much greater, though, will bo our admiration for men who left high positions, honors that high rank could give, happy homes, in short all that was dearest to them in order to carry among a depraved and barbarous heathen people that faith which they thought might save them? The men to whom we refer are those Jesuit priests of France who came over to Canada in the seven­ teenth century to spread their doctrine among the red men, at that time the lords and sole inhabitants of the Canadian forests, to make them in turn, if possible, true knights of the cross.

Among the first to come over was Father Le Jeune, and as soon as others had joined him, he was made superior of the Canadian mission. He arrived at Quebec, then but a small settlement, in July of the year 1632, and after but a short interval began his work of converting the savages who occasionally visited the fort. The difficulties with which he and his com­ panions had to cope were enormous: they bravely faced death day by day, when with the Indians, in order to be at hand when one of these was dying, and to snatch him from perdition. We say, when with Indians, for while some of their number instructed the savages who visited Quebec, others accompanied some tribe on its hunting trip, in order to be better enabled to learn the language. On such occasions their courage and strength were taxed to the utmost. For while the Indians had become so immune to cold that they could live with very little raiment even in midwinter, the Jesuits, who had grown up in a country having a very mild climate, suffered terribly.

And as they would always willingly divide their provisions with the Indians during times when game was scarce and famine threatened, they sometimes nearly died of hunger when these provisions had run out.

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At that time the Hurons were probably the largest tribe in the north­ eastern part of North America, and the Jesuits believed that by converting this tribe they should be enabled to overcome paganism among all the other Indians with their help. So they adopted the plan of founding a mission among the Hurons.

When the annual fleet of the Hurons of a hundred and forty canoes, containing six or seven hundred savages, came to Quebec in 1633 to ex­ change furs and tobacco for kettles, hatchets and trinkets, a council was held with the chiefs, and three priests, Brcvcuf, Daniel and Davost, who were to share the honors, dangers nd woes of the Huron mission, were intro­ duced to their new companions. The Huron chiefs welcomed them, and everything was arranged for their departure, when a chief of another tribe alarmed the Hurons, causing them to depart without the priest.

A year passed, and again the Indians descended from their villages.

In the meanwhile they had suffered from the continual inroads of their enemy, the Iroquois, and besides a pestilence had begun to sweep away large numbers of them. After much ado, the commander of the garrison at Quebec at last succeeded in inducing them to take the missionaries along, and they departed amid salvos of cannon from the ships.

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The distance to be traveled was reckoned at nine hundred miles. The Hurons inhabited a small peninsula on the Georgian Bay, the northeastern part of Lake Huron. This small area had a large population. In 1639 the Jesuits counted thirty-two villages with a total population of at least twenty thousand. This Indian settlement was the goal of the priests and their red companions. The exertions needed to reach it were nearly too great for the missionaries. Week after week they toiled at the paddle, barefoot, lest their shoes should injure the frail canoe. Sometimes they were separated for nearly a month, and while Brebeuf could converse a little in Huron, the others were doomed to unbroken silence. Thirty-five times were the canoes carried round rapids or cataracts, and more than fifty times were the travelers forced to wade the raging current, pulling or pushing their vessels along. When they carried their baggage across por­ tages, their way lay through the dense forest ,strewn with rocks and tangled with roots and underbrush. Although Brebeuf possessed a strong consti­ tution and an iron frame, he did not expect to reach his destination alive.

Yet he survived, and at the end of thirty days beheld at last the forests of the Hurons, stretched in savage slumber. As soon as the Indians had landed they left Brebeuf and went to their villages, which were still some twenty miles away. Brebeuf had been in this neighborhood before—he knew the way to Ihonatiria, the nearest village. He hid his baggage, in• eluding the vessels for the mass, in the woods, and after walking the whole day, at length arrived at the village, where he was immediately recog­ nized and hospitably entertained. Here he awaited the arrival of his companions, who appeared one by one, weary and worn and half dead with famine.

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After having decided to make Ihonatiria the center of their labor, the Jesuits began building their house, the whole village lending helping hands. It was constructed after the Huron model, thirteen feet long and twenty feet wide. The inside was divided into three departments, the first a storage room, the second the living apartment and the third the chapel.

Poorly as these rooms were furnished in the eyes of a civilized man, they contained things most mysterious and wonderful for the savages, and visitors came daily in large numbers. The most interesting thing was per­ haps the clock. They would sit before it in silence by the hour just to hear it speak. When asked what it was saying the priests answered: “When lie strikes twelve times, he says, ‘Hang on the kettle,’ and when he strikes four times, he says, ‘Get up and go home’.” Both interpretations were well remembered. Never were visitors lacking to join the fathers at their meal, hut at four o’clock all rose and departed. Then the missionaries would gather around the fire, speak of their prospects, of their success during the day, and take counsel for the future. But the standing topic was always the Huron language, which they learned tediously by comparing what they discovered day by day.

They began their missionary labor as soon as they had acquired a gen­ eral knowledge of the language. If an Indian was sick, they would visit him, explain the Christian faith as much as they saw fit, and exhort them to accept it. Whenever opportunity permitted it, they would gather the children of the village at their house and chant the translated Pater Noster, —the children chanting it in their turn. Next they would teach them the sign of the cross, make them repeat the Ave, the Credo and Commandments, and after a few questions and instructions they would dismiss them with a present of two or three beads, raisins, or prunes. They also collected the older people, but here the results were disheartening. While they were expounding part of their doctrine, the Indians would say: “Good,” or “that is true,” but if urged to adopt the faith, they would always reply: “It is good for the French, but we are another people with different customs.”

Soon the Jesuits were to have a better chance than heretofore of con­ verting the Ilurons. The pestilence, which for two years past had from time to time visited the Huron towns, returned with tenfold violence and with it appeared the dreaded small-pox. Everywhere was heard the wail of sick and dying children. The Jesuits journeyed from house to house in the depth of winter, administering to the bodily and spiritual wants of the Indians as well as they could. When trying to convert sufferers, they would often meet with surprising resistance. “I wish to go where my relations and ancestors have gone,” was the common reply. When asked which she would choose, heaven or hell, a dying woman answered, “Hell, if mv chil­ dren are there, as you say.” Even when a dying Indian had been induced to express a desire for Paradise, it was no easy matter to bring him to a true contrition of his sins, for he would indignantly deny ever having com­ mitted any. If the priest succeeded in this though, he joyfully brought water in a cup or in the hollow of his hand to baptize him.

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The missionaries were greatly hindered in the;r spiritual work by the Huron medicine men, who were afraid of losing their influence with their people, if the priests converted large numbers of them. Besides, the Indians had at first considered baptism a sort of charm against illness, and when they saw that baptized persons died as well as others, they went to the other extreme, calling baptism a work of evil spirits and forbade the Jesuits to baptize their children. It is surprising how the priests managed to do so in spite of this. In one case a child of two months was dying, but the parents refused to have it baptized. Then the holy father in attendance used this device: He pretended to make the child drink a litllc sugared water, and at the same time dipped a finger into it. When the parents called out to him upon this, he gave the spoon to a woman near by saying: “Give it to him yourself.” She found the child asleep, and at the same time the priest, under pretense of seeing whether it was really asleep, touched its face with his wet finger and baptized it. The narrative is concluded with the words: “At the end of forty-eight hours the child went to heaven.”

It is true, we must smile, at this way of carrying on spiritual work, but we must nevertheless admire the self-sacrificing zeal with which these Jesuits pursued their object, when we see them toiling on foot from one infected town to another, wading through the sodden snow, under bare and dripping forests, drenched with incessant rains, till they descried at length through the storm the clustered dwellings of some barbarous hamlet,— when we see them entering these wretched abodes of misery and darkness, all for the sole end of baptizing the sick and dying.

The more we admire the patient toiling of these priests and the more we are pleased when we occasionally sec their labor rewarded, in spite of their embracing a faith unsound to its very core, the more will it grieve ns that they were obliged to abandon that work to which they had consecrated their life and all that was theirs. As has been mentioned before, a pesti­ lence raged fiercely among the Hurons, nor could its ravages he checked in any way. And those hamlets which death in the form of the plague passed by in time became the prev of the ever-watch fill Iroquois, at that time the figerccst and most cunning savages of the Atlantic coast. They nearly annihilated the whole race, and tlic remnant of the Hurons found a final home on the banks of the St. Charles river, where one still finds them, harm­ less weavers of baskets, who at one time were the proudest tribe of the northern primeval forests.

But before the Jesuits entirely abandoned their mission among this tribe, before they left those dark interminable forests, where death lurked in so many terrible forms. Providence decreed that some of them should die as martyrs for their cause by the hands of the devilish Iroquois. And since we have tried to show in the foregoing that earnest, religious zeal may exist in a high degree even among adherents of other faiths than ours, it can only serve to impress this fact the more, if we briefly describe the tortures through which Brebeuf, the founder of the Huron mission, passed to his lest rest. !

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Brebeuf had been captured with a fellow-priest in a raid which the Iroquois had made upon an Huron village. When led apart and bound to a stake, he loudly exhorted his captive converts to suffer patiently. This angered his captors and they scorched him from head to foot. As he con­ tinued to speak they cut away his lower lip and thrust a red-hot iron down his throat. He still held his tall form erect and defiant, without sign or sound of pain. Next they hung around his neck a collar of red-hot sound of pain. Next they hung around his neck a collar of red-hot hatchets. A Huron, who had been converted and had again lost his faith, advised the Iroquois to baptize him with hot water, since he had poured so much cold water on others. They complied with his wishes, but the Jesuit did not flinch. His defiant manner only enraged them the more, and they cut strips of flesh from his limbs and devoured them before his eyes. After a succession of other revolting tortures they scalped him, and seeing him nearly dead, laid open his breast and drank his blood, to imbibe with it some of his courage. A chief finally ended his sufferings by tearing out his heart and devouring it. Thus died Jean de Brebeuf, the truest hero of the Huron mission, and its greatest martyr. Truly we must admire him and his companions for what they endured to propagate their faith; yes, their complete self-sacrifice must make us blush, for how very little do we will­ ingly bear for the glory of our Saviour? v v The Downfall of Napoleon, M.M.COM WHYTE, ’iO.

In the year iSt2 at Dresden Napoleon held a grand review of his forces.

Tie was then at the summit of his power. All the kings of Europe except Alexander, George I IT and the Sultan were at his feet. His levies were attended by most of the sovereigns and he was hailed as the king of kings.

From Dresden he launched his disastrous campaign against Russia.

The result is well known. He had marched against Russia with 470,000 soldiers; he left Moscow with 120,000 and reached France with scarce 20,000. He had lost an army of 470,000 men, half of which were Russian prisoners, the other half had perished from starvation and the excessive cold.

From that time on his mighty empire crumbled. He himself was sick.

Great Britain, which had never ceased fighting him, renewed her activities against him. Austria nd Prussia forgot all their promises and pledges and joined the coalition against him.

Then followed one of the most brilliant campaigns the world has ever seen. Within a few weeks of his return to Paris, he had gathered an army of 350.000 men. Six years after Jena, Frederick William commenced hos­ tilities in co-operation with Alexander of Russia and Francis of Austria.

Bernadotte, Napoleon’s former general, now Crown Prince of Sweden, joined the allies in Mecklenburg. Wellington made another descent upon Spain.

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At Lutzen Napoleon delivered a defeat to the allies, which, though not at all decisive, gained for him renewed respect. Then he again defeated them at Bautzen, a brilliant but not a fruitful victory, for he lacked cavalry to pursue the allies. His next and last victory was at Dresden, where he defeated an army twice the size of his own.

Then came Leipzig, “the battle of the nations.” There were present the rulers of France, Austria, Prussia, Russia and Sweden. Here Napoleon was administered his first defeat, and it was a great one. The enemy’s army was more than double his. But despite these odds, he managed .with a tremendous loss, to extricate his army and conduct a masterly retreat to France, which he was forced to defend from invasion. Hanging on the rear of the allies, he sought in many brilliant encounters to turn the enemy, but in vain, for the allies had learned of his plans through an intercepted letter of his to Marie Louise.

After the occupation of Paris, Napoleon was forced to abdicate. The congress of Vienna gave him the island of Elba, a few hundred of his guards, a large pension and the title of Emperor.

The government of France was again turned over to the Bourbons, but Louis XVIII soon disgusted the French by his mismanagement and lack of tact, and a complete revolution of feeling swept over France in favor of Napoleon. He, being apprised of their discontent and being dissatisfied at Elba, for his pension was not paid him, seized a small vessel, evaded the British guard ships and landed in France safely. He soon won over the army and was received by the common people with open arms, but was regarded with dread and apprehension by the higher classes and the offi­ cials, for they could not see how any good could come of it. But some good did come of it, for during the “Hundred Days” Napoleon abolished slavery in all the French colonies.

The Congress of Vienna, whose lengthy deliberations were so abruptly interrupted, declared Napoleon a common enemy of mankind and the sole obstacle to peace. They then set their armies in motion against him, Bona­ parte came to a conflict with Blucher at Lignv in Belgium and repulsed him, but failed to follow up his advantage efficiently. On the following day he encountered Wellington on Mont St. Jean, near the village of Water­ loo. for the first time, and slightly outnumbered him. Here Napoleon showed little of his former generalship and made several costlv blunders.

Napoleon lost his cavalry as a result of the repeated charges of Ney, which were each time repulsed by the staunch British square. Toward dusk, as Napoleon was gradually losing ground, Blucher came up from Wavrc. and Wellington ordered a general charge, and in conjunction with Blucher threw Napoleon’s army into dire confusion and disorder, and Blucher, following up the French retreat, dispersed them with fearful loss.

As a result of this battle of Waterloo, Napoleon was forced again to abdicate and was given into the custody of the English, who did the onlv possible thing under the circumstaccs—sent him to St. Helena under the charge of Sir Hudson Lowe.

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Napoleon died six years later, in 1821, from a cancer of the stomach.

Of his last years at St. Helena not very much is known, as his biographers are for the most part unreliable. He was not a Christian and was more inclined toward Mahometanism than anything else.

He was the greatest soldier of modern times and a great statesman. A deed such as his reconstruction of France after the Revolution has few parallels in history. But after all his wars and the sacrifice of the lives of a million Frenchmen, what remains? France is even smaller than before he attempted to make her mistress of the world.

He was a man of transccndant genius, but without scruples or moral principles. He regarded mankind only as the tool for his ambitions.

Vengeance.

ADOLPH PANKOW, ’OQ.

On a quiet country road suddenly arose a shriek, a human cry of some one in dire distress. One loud, heart-rending call and after—an uncanny stillness. The dark hour of night hid the cowardly deed. *

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Twenty years later, when the gold fever lured many people from their happy homes to try their fortunes in the gold fields of Klondike, a man of about fifty-five years was making his way toward this center of excitement.

A low forehead and large jaw, with a nervous, suspicious look of his eyes, made him look as though he belonged to the meaner order of mankind. He looked on every stranger with suspicion and every one looked at him with dread and fear. No man knew who he was, where he hailed from, or what his real name was, but to the few who greeted him he was “Dub.” A young man was also driven to this land of rich ore by the desire quickly to get rich. Hardly thirty, he had a determination depicted on his open countenance that made him respected bv all the men of the camp. A smooth face with regular features and an alert eye which seemed to look into the soul of a person were qualities that made him the object of many curious questions.

These two men, so different in type and character, had unluckily been thrown by Fate into the same mining community. Neither had seen the other, but had heard much of the other. One was known for his criminal appearance, the other for his noble manliness.

One afternoon the foreman informed the employees that the company had declared bankruptcy and they must seek employment elsewhere. With dejected looks the men one by one sullenly slunk from the camp. No one remained but the young man, whom we shall call Henry Harte. He seemed not so downcast’ still thoughts of a lonely mother occasionally threw shadows of melancholy over his noble features.

His mother had often told him how his father had one day been found a corpse out on a country road, with marks of the murderer’s knife and finger-nails, but still oftencr had he seen the photograph of the murderer.

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THE BLACK AND RED

who had thus far evaded justice. To-night he again thought of this story, and a fierce glitter stole into his eyes as he thought of the revenge he would take if the opportunity were offered him. “O God,” he prayed, ‘‘do not let him escape; let me but avenge my father’s death and I will ask no more.”

He sat in quiet for a while, then retired.

The mid-hour of night finds him wide awake, staring at a window in the farther corner of the room. “Who’s there?” he asks. No answer greets his ear. He is about to bury his head in the pillow when a sound like that of a knife scraping on the outer side of the window startles him.

Now he is fully awake. With noiseless tread he seeks his dark-lantern and, lighting it, slowly opens the door. On turning the corner of the “shack” he throws the light on the window. Whom does he see? The murderer of his father, the man named Dub. With a yell the man springs up and is gone.

The next morning Henry gathered his tools and resolved to try his own fortune in quest of gold. He set out. Luck attended him. At the bottom of a gulch he found small pieces of yellow ore. With bulldog persistency he dug at it a few days. One morning shortly after he had begun digging several large stones struck so close to him that a few inches his way would have ended his life. Hardly five minutes later another stone was hurled down by some mysterious power which tore his pickaxe from his hands.

A low, muttered curse awoke him to the fact that some one was doing it with the intention of killing him. He immediately climbed out of the hole he had dug, but no one was in sight. That day he dug no more. On the morning after he was on his way to his “find” when he detected a person hanging on shrubbery on the side of a high precipice. Henry ran to his shanty and got a rope, and going to the place began letting the rope down.

Until now he had not attentively looked at the person hanging there between life and death, but whom should he discover upon looking? The man who had robbed him of his father and had caused his mother so much grief. He began pulling up the rope and with a sardonic laugh said: "If the law doesn't hang you, I will.” He made a noose in the rope and dexter­ ously threw it about the murderer’s neck. The man was lying in such a position that he could constantly see the awful death the rocks below would deal out to him should he happen to fall. Henry had as yet not fastened the rope about his neck, but a slight wrench would do this and at the same time send the murderer down, dangling at the rope’s end. but still he waited. What would his mother say when he had told her that he had killed the man that had murdered his father? He would be a murderer, too. He turned pale and with shaking limbs loosened the rope. After a few moments lie had fastened the noose about the man's body, so that ho could draw him up the steep decline. After another half an hour's work he had the felon by his side and was pouring brandy down his throat. A spout of blood issued from the man’s moutii and nostrils. His old com­ plaint had come back to him. Under great excitement blood would rush from all openings in his head and his heart almost burst. For some time his blood kept on gushing out. But the blood stopped and he asked to have his head raised. Henry complied with his wish.

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Slowly the man spoke: “You know me. I am your father’s murderer, but you never knew why I murdered him. He had all good qualities and that’s why. At one time he and I were friends. We planned to go west, for which he had the necessary means, but I didn’t. One day I saw a welldressed woman looking in at a show window; she had quite a sum of money in her hand. With a quick move I snatched it, and before she recovered from her surprise a friendly alley hid me.

The purse contained a small amount, over one hundred dollars. I now had the means to go with your father. I jumped on a passing street car, caring little where it took me to, if only to safety. Another man had boarded the same car with me. I was suspicious that he might be a de­ tective and was anxious that he leave the car. But since he wouldn’t leave, I resolved to do so.

We had been taken out quite far from the heart of the city when I stepped off. The other man followed. He came to me and spoke in a friendly manner. Still I did not trust him, and when his hand stole to his pocket I hit him a stunning blow which felled him. We grappled and for a few minutes fought and rolled about. With a desperate pull I tore my right arm from his grasp and dealt him a blow which made him senseless.

A few days later when your father and I were on our wav west, the newspapers said the man was dead from the effects of that last blow. Now I had robbery and murder on my conscience. Shortly before your fathers death he found out I did it, and knowing your father’s idea of justice I murdered him. You will ask why I tried to rid the world of you; well, I knew that if you saw me you would recognize me from the photographs in the home papers. So before that would happen, I wanted to kill you; but it is too late now. In five minutes I shall be a corpse ,for as soon as soon as the blood begins running again I shall breathe my last.”

The man spoke truly. A few minutes after another spout of blood rushed forth and the murderer was beyond human justice.

Henry gave the body a burial and thanked God for the strength to resist the temptation of murdering the man who had taken from him his father.

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Ok Black and Red.

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Published monthly by the students of the Northwestern University.

EDITORIAL STAFF. EDITOR-IN CHIEF

EDGAR GUENTHER, ’oS BUSINESS MANAGERS.

BUSINESS MANAGER ASS’T. BUSINESS MANAGER

ERWIN E. KOWALKE, ’oS SIGNUND PBOBST,, ’09 DEPARTA1ENT EDITORS.

ATHLETIC EDITOR. COLLEGE NOTES EXCHANGE EDITOR LOCAL EDITOR CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

MARTIN J. WAGNER, ’oS JOHN E. SCHAEFER, ’oS EDGAR W. MELZER, ’09 MARTIN S. SCHUMACHER. *io ALEXANDER P. SITZ, >09

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Contributions to the Literary Department are requested from alumni and undergraduates.

All literary matter should be addressed to the Editor-in-Chief and all business communications to the Business manager.

The terras of subscription are 75 cents per annum, payable in advance. Single copies, 10 cents Stamp s not accepted in payment. Notify us if you wish your address changed or your paper discontinued The Black and Red is forwarded to all subscribers until order for its discontinuation is received and until all arrearages are paid.

Entered at the Postofficc of Watertown, Wis., as second-class matter.

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EDITORIAL

The present number of The Black and Red is the first product of the efforts of the newly-elected staff, the paper having; with the previous issue passed another milestone in the period of its existence. As the success of a college paper hinges not altogether on the exertions and abilities of the individual editors, and as none of us possess the gift of prophecy, we have outlined no elaborate prospectus in regard to that which we wish to accom­ plish during the following year. In history we read of men whose creative powers were curbed by their surroundings and the conditions of their time, and who might have accomplished decidedly more had these conditions been more favorable or had they lived in a more enlightened age. In a similar predicament the former staff found itself, whose plans for improve­ ment and enlargement were constantly curbed by certain peculiar symptoms of the treasury which, for reasons not to be accounted for, had established themselves and which all the economic measures of the business manager were unable to dispel. As the same difficulties also confront us, the policy in admirable essays as examples to us whose literary talents are still latent, which wc shall endeavor to pursue will therefore differ but slightly, if at. all. from the economic one adopted by our predecessors. The paper will

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suffer no enlargement, and, with “economy” as our motto, we shall be con­ tent to uphold the standard it has attained during the past year.

To our fellow-students we need direct no special exhortation reminding them of their duty to their paper and of the part of the responsibility for its success that rests on them. They supported the former staff loyally.

With few if any exceptions they subscribed for the paper and paid their subscriptions regularly; there were always a number willing to contribute articles sufficient to fill the literary department from month to month, and we feel confident that all will be no less willing to support us during the coming year.

And if the undergraduates are thus loyal to their paper, should not our alumni also show deep interest and pride in the same, they who were once themselves—directly or indirectly—and in fact are still connected with it, and who know of the difficulties under which we labor? To be sure they should, but all have not done so. Some have assumed an attitude of indif­ ference toward The Black and Red; others have denounced it as a publi­ cation of little or no value; while but a few have at times come forward to lend a helping hand. These few, from an editor’s point of view, are ideal alumni. Would that henceforth all would display some of the spirit of the latter, who, recognizing that their connection with their alma mater and all its institutions is yet bv no means severed, have been ever ready to send ft is again the same old story. Just as regular as the new editorial staff of The Black and Red takes charge of affairs it is confronted bv a deficit and by a long list of subscribers who arc in arrears and some of whom have been in arrears for two, three, and even four years for their subscription. The due-slip which turns up each month, after payment for a subscription is due, seems to have very little effect in general. Perhaps the meaning of that innocent­ looking slip is not clear to some. For the sake of the uninitiated, we will say that it is a polite way of asking for a small sum of money belonging to The Black and Red and which The Black and Red is very much in need of. The price of subscription may seem so small to the subscriber that he will think that the paper will not benefit a great deal anyway if he does send in the amount, and so he waits and forgets, letting the manage­ ment of the college paper run deeper and deeper into debt. But when one considers that over one hundred due-slips are sent to delinquents each month, it becomes evident that, if each one sends in his mite, he will be doing much toward freeing the paper from an unpleasant debt. The adver­ tisements alone cannot pay for the publication, but the subscribers are de­ pended upon to a great extent to enable the staff to keep up the standard of the paper and to publish the large literary department which every one expects to find in a college publication. All those who are behind in their payment (was there a due-slip in your last number?) would do us and their own consciences a great favor by remitting the amount due and so relieve us from our present straitened circumstances.

A Gontlc Hint.

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THE BLACK AND RED.

Arbor Day has become a legal holiday in several states Care of Our of the Union, and a definite day has been appointed by Lawn. the respective governors for the purpose of planting trees and shrubs. Though we do not in general observe the definite day set aside by the governor of Wisconsin, still it has been customary at our institution that the Junior class names a day to the faculty, and they decide upon the date.

But what is the object of a special Arbor Day at our school ? Is it also merely a day for planting trees and shrubs? It is not thus. Although we have been planting a number of trees every year and expect to continue this practice, still Arbor Day means more to us. It means that we clear our lawn and college park of all rubbish, waste and refuse matter. Now, as we have said before, this day’s work is superintended by the Junior class. But this does not mean that the Junior class wishes to act as a body of police officers and force everybody to his place. It simply means that the class is ever ready to tell anybody who is looking for work what to do next and thus supervise the day’s work. And we urgently beg that every student look at it in that way. For it should not be necessary that a student be forced to help promote the honor of our institution. It is the duty of every student to take an active part in clearing away rubbish from the college park, and he should take a special pride in having the lawn about his school buildings appear neat and attractive. And if we all take an active part in the work it can be finished in a few hours. We hope that every student will on the coming Arbor Day show what interest he takes in his school and how great a sacrifice he can offer for the honor of his institution.

But even after Arbor Day has passed, our work and our care of the lawn is not finished. In fact, this is the opening day of the season during which we are expected to pay special attention to our lawn. For this reason it would probably not be amiss to give a few hints in respect to what should and must be done.

In the first place, the pleasant rattling of the lawn mower should never cease to be heard during ‘'free time.” Especially the preparatory depart­ ment must call it their duty to see to this part of the work. When one man is still mowing, another must always be ready to carry on the good work.

Thus every student can assist in keeping the lawn in trim order and make it appear neat and attractive.

But it is of still greater importance that every student avoid throwing waste on the lawn. It is nothing but a habit, and an offensive one at that.

It is an especially odious habit to walk to the center of the college park and there clear your pockets of waste paper and everything else your pocket happens to contain. Every one should lock upon it'as a personal insult to see a fellow-student thus abuse another’s rights and thus offend the student who has nobler feelings toward the appearance of a college park.

Finally we are obliged to call the attention of every student to the fact that the wood and cement walks that le3d up to and around our buildings have not been placed there merely for show, but they are supposed to be

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THE BLACK AND RED

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used. After we have now made this known publicly, we hope that it will be strictly observed, even though they at times do not conform to the old rule: “The straightest way is the shortest/' Do not cut across the corners of the lawn, even though three sidewalks do run into each other and you can thus easily gain one from the other by crossing a narrow strip of lawn.

It is merely accidental that they have been thus placed and not premedi­ tated at all.

If we observe but these few rules, our college park will soon assume a different appearance, and we may thus be of service to the “Out-door Art Association” by giving them at least one park and lawn which they may point out as an example and tell others to follow. * 4 * .j» ■#

T»y a resolution of the faculty a new arrangement in the routine of work will be observed after Easter vacation.

Of the thirty-six recitations during the week it has thus far been customary to have seven recitations a day, four of which were in the forenoon and three in the afternoon, excepting Wednesday and Satur­ day, which were half-holidays. The time for preparation was between 7 o’clock and 10:30 in the evening and between 7:15 and 8 o’clock in the morning. In the new arrngement the recitations will all be held in the fore­ noon. This makes it necessary to have, on the one hand, an equal number of recitations for each day, and on the other to begin as early as 7:30 and to close as late as 12:30. The fifteen minutes’ intermission will fall between the third and fourth recitations. From 2:00 to 3:45 in the afternoon and from 7:00 to 10:00 in the evening will be the time for private study. After 10 o’clock every one is expected to retire.

The idea of changing the program in this way is not new. It was the common wish of the students. The question whether or no it should be adopted was pending in the faculty for several years, but because of some considerations it was not until now that a movement in this direction could he effected. As to its superiority over the present program there is no doubt.

The number of recitations for each day being made equal, the students will have ample time to prepare themselves for the following day. Moreover, in the forenoon, when a greater alertness is required, the mind is more active. Students living or boarding in the city will need to make the trip but once, while the present arrangement necessitates their return in the afternoon also. The most weighty reason that was advanced was that stu­ dents are enabled to go to bed earlier.

Nevertheless it is only an experiment. As it has been instituted chiefly in the interest of the students, it probably will rest with them to decide whether this division of time be preferable and superior to the former. As to its success we are confident and hope that it will soon be established as a permanent institution.

A Change In the Program.

14

THE BLACK AND RED

COLLEGE NOTES In Memoriam.

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The 19th of March, 1907, marks an important event in the affairs of our institution so important that we deemed it appropriate to be commemo­ rated in our college paper. It is the removal of our dear old windmill.

Early in the morning of the day named a party of men appeared on the college grounds with hammers, saws and axes. The physiognomy of their faces portrayed less mental activity than the faces of those who ordinarily frequented the pump. When recitations began some of them could be seen near the top of the tower, pounding off the uppermost boards, while others were engaged in transmitting them to the bottom and in carrying them away. On account of the noise caused thereby some of the pupils, and at times even the most attentive ones, could not help casting an occasional glance through the window. But the teacher did not seem annoyed at this— no doubt because of the importance of the event. At 2 o’clock these men had completed their destructive work. The windmill tower of Northwestern University, after serving us for fourteen years, was no more. The different parts had been carefully piled up along the sidewalk. Only the pump re­ mains and the four posts to which the tower had been fastened.

As to the mood with which the removal of the tower was regarded, it was of various form. None was there to be found who did not give the matter a slight thought. Some delighted in its destruction with perhaps the same eager eyes with which the sensational papers are read or the bull­ fights witnessed in Spain or Mexico. Others thought it well to remove it: it was no longer used; the wheel had already been taken off since last fall; the water needed is gotten from the waterworks with greater quickness and with greater reliability; besides, it would serve to beautify the college grounds. Others were glad out of paternal affection. For now there was no longer any danger, lest their children should venture to climb its danger­ ous height. Others, again, being conservative, were by no means edified and deplored its disappearance as much, perhaps, as that of a dear, old oak.

Although this event has apparently not aroused the enthusiasm of any poet, let us be thankful for, and cherish, the services the windmill has ren­ dered us. And it will be remembered. For who could entirely forget that strange, monotonous squeaking of which we are at length released? As to the cause of the squeaking, it ever was, and ever will be, unsolved.

Were those violent outcries, which could be heard the livelong day and which haunted the nocturnal atmosphere, a hideous mockery with which it delighted to vex us in the manner of a ghost—or were they shrieks of agony, caused by its serious efforts at work and during the night by the nervous­ ness in its sleep? We don’t mean to be frivolous, but R. I. P.

THE BLACK AND RED

15

0\ir Contemporaries It is with no little reluctance that we assume, the editorship of this de-* ' partment of The Black and Red. But this reluctance is due not to any prejudice against the nature of the task, but rather to a consciousness of our incompetcncy. The readers of The Black and Red who have read this department during the course of the past year and have observed the high standard of efficiency that has marked the work of our predecessor will no doubt appreciate our apprehension for our ability to carry on this work on the same high plane. Nevertheless we shall plunge boldly into our task, trusting that our readers will exercise a little patience with us for our shortcomings until we shall have become inured to the nature of our task.

Our next word must properly be addressed to our contemporaries. We desire first of all to extend to our contemporaries and to the exchange edi­ tors in particular our greeting and to wish them all possible success in their work. We heartily trust that the same friendship that has existed among our papers during the past may continue without interruption. We further trust that every criticism that appears in this column may be received in the same friendly spirit in which it is given. For this department has not been inserted in college papers in order to afford an opportunity of ridiculing one another, hut to act e.s a medium through which our papers may express their opinions of one another to the mutual benefit of all concerned.

The Susquehanna (ScJingsgrovc, Pa.), the first exchange to come under our observation, is replete with excellent articles covering a variety of subiects. In the first of these the writer makes an impassioned plea for peace.

He says in part: “Peace is that harmonv in. the state, that health is in the body.” Just as no one. no matter how richly endowed with worldly goods. can he happy who is sick in body, so no nation in which there is no peace can flourish. “God himself reckons health the greatest blessing Pie can bestow upon mankind, and peace the greatest comfort and ornament Pie can confer upon states.” He says further, in speaking of the evil effect of war: “War lays our natures and manners as waste as our gardens and our habitations.” And in closing, he believes that they who set their hearts upon peace in this world, and labor to promote it ... . have an infallible title to a mansion in heaven, whereas they who love and cherish discord among men and take delight in war, have large mansions provided for them in the region of faction and disagreement. “Feudalism” is an inter­ esting sketch tracing the growth and decline of that institution as well as its advantages and disadvantages. The article which follows sets forth the value of great expositions. This value, however, is not to be estimated in dollars and cents, but, in the words of the writer: “All value of the expo­ sition is marked only as the value raises the standard of manhood and womanhood, uplifts and enlightens mankind, and brings him in a closer relation to his Creator.”

The Jinks (Oshkosh, Wis.) contains a number of excellent illustrations,

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THE BLACK AND RED

which add greatly to its appearance and which manifest considerable taste on the part of its editors.

The Comenian (Bethlehem, Pa.) has an exceptionally strong editorial column, the article on Esperanto being especially interesting and convinc­ ing. “Fiirst Otto von Bismarck” is another article of uncommon merit that we do not hesitate in recommending to any one who can read the Ger­ man language understanding^.

“A Football Hero” in the Red and Blue (New York City) is a clever satire on the conventional method of treatment accorded to football stories.

“George Washington” in the Cresset (Red Wing, Minn.) is a rather interesting sketch of the character of Washington, setting forth the lofty ideals that dominated his career. In the following article, “High School Pranks,” we were not a little disappointed. Not only is the article loosely written, but also shows a lack of progress and of climax. This, in addition to the writer’s peculiar confusion of the personal pronoun, leaves very little to commend. The editorial column contains a well written article on the value of reading. In regard to the choice of books, the writer says, too much care cannot be exercised; that the tendency of our whole existence can be judged from the literature we are occupied with, and that the old proverb, “Tell me whom you associate with and I will tell you who you are,” may be applied to our choice of books just as aptly as it is to our choice of friends. “Ludwig von Beethoven is in music what Shakespeare is in poetry,” says the writer of another editorial, and then goes on to give an interesting sketch of Beethoven’s career.

The Milton College Review (Milton, Wis.) is one of the neatest and daintiest exchanges we have yet received. The largest part of the Review is given over to Anglo-Saxon life and literature.

“Wordsworth and Coleridge” in The Central Collegian (Fayette, Mo.) is an article that we read with genuine pleasure. The friendship which existed between these two great poets is one of the happiest episodes in the history of English literature. It is quite probable that neither one could have become what he did had it not been for the influence of the other. A significant fact is that the “Lyrical Ballads,” which were published in con­ junction, contained work which neither was able to surpass. According to the writer of the “Modern Idea of Greatness” the great man of the twen­ tieth century must possess these three qualities or traits of character: mag­ nanimity of heart, acuteness of perception, and broadness of mind. The first of these leads to that greatest of bonds, the bond of friendship: the second gives one an insight into the lives of others. But one cannot become great without possessing the third, broadness of mind. But greatness con­ sists only in being useful to one’s fellowmen. This thought the writer sums up in his concluding statement: “The greatest man is the man who is most thoroughly consecrated to the service of his fellowman.” “Incomprehensi­ ble Inaniloquence of an Ignoramus” is the rather startling heading of what we discovered upon closer examination to be nothing more than the Local column.

In “Hawthorne, Idealist,” in the Lesbian Herald (Frederick, Md.) the

THE BLACK AND RED

17

writer, after giving a short sketch of Hawthorne’s life, undertakes to show the absence of realism in his work and the strangeness and remoteness of his characters.

ATHLETICS. Baseball.

The baseball season at our institution opened on March 21, when the remaining men of the last year’s team appeared on the campus for the first practice game. Of the last year’s team Capt. Wendland, catcher; F. Mutzkus, pitcher; and II. Woyahn, second baseman, have not returned. Thus three responsible positions have been left open. But a goodly number of promising candidates are practicing to fill the vacancies. The following is the present lineup: Candidates for catcher, Ziesemcr and Peters; candi­ dates for pitcher, Horn, Koehler, Berg, and Luctke; first baseman, Capt.

Kowalke; candidates for second base, Neighorn and Zell; shortstop, P. Zcisler; third baseman, II. Diehl; candidates for the outfield, Neighorn, Zell, Koch, Luctke, and Probst. Capt. Kowalke has not yet definitely de­ cided with whom to fill the vacancies as he is very discreet in his decision.

Manager Guenther is working hard to make the season both interesting and successful. A few conflicting dates and a number of other disappoint­ ments have made his work rather disagreeable. Following is the schedule minus a few games which have not yet been definitely arranged: April 20 (?). Sacred Heart at Watertown.

April 24 or 2;, Marquette College (place uncertain).

April 30. Milton College at Milton.

May 4, Beloit at Watertown.

May it. Ripon at Watertown.

May 17. Lake Forest at Watertown.

May 22. Lawrence (place uncertain).

May 30. (open).

June 5. (open).

Jure 12, Sacred Heart at Watertown.

June 15, Whitewater at Watertown.

This schedule places us against the strongest teams of the state. The greater number of them arc old rivals, with the exception of Lake Forest, Beloit and Ripon, which well deserve to be mentioned. Manager Guenther lias tried to secure the best games that could be had, while Capt. Kowalke is working hard to turn out a winning team. Now boys, it is up to you to do your share. Support your team in every way possible, and do not forget that good support is the backbone of the team.

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Tennis Club.

Within the last year or two another sport has been added to our college athletics; it is tennis. A number of boys, who were not especially interested in the baseball games and still did not wish to hug the radiator, have organ­ ized a tennis club. The club is at present managed by the following officers: President, E. Grunwald; vice-president, F. Stern; secretary and treasurer, A. Schaller.

The club consists of sixteen members, and, since they have but two courts, they cannot accept a larger membership at present.

At a recent meeting they have decided to improve their courts and put both into an excellent condition. But they also wish to give the fellowstudents a few hints as to their property. Heretofore the fence about the courts, which has been placed there to keep the light tennis ball within the player’s reach, has also been used as a “backstop” for baseball. This must not be. It has not been put there for that purpose and should not be used in that way either. Still less is it to be used as a lazy-back for the idle looker-on.

To make the sport more interesting a committee of the following mem­ bers: Stern, Geiger, and Hoyer, has been named to arrange a regular schedule of the games that are to be played. This schedule will be out in the near future and all arc invited to witness the games.

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LOCALS

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—Rev. W. Huth of Hustisford visited the institution April 2.

—Miss D. Koehler paid a visit to her nephews, P. Koehler, 09, and TI. Ilartwig, ’09, on March 31.

—H. Eickhoff, Prep., left the institution March 18.

—E. Schwier, ’10, and A. Zuberbier, ’to, discontinued their studies Mar. 24.

—L. Beto, Prep., was visited by his mother March 16.

—Henry Koch, ’09. attended the funeral of his grandfather at Two Rivers, April'3.

—E. PI. Sauer, ’07, resumed his studies March 23, after teaching for six weeks at Winona, Minn.

—Rev. P. Lorenz of Prairie du Chien visited our college April 4.

—E. Berg, ’10, and PI. Kirchcr, ’10, attended the funeral of P. Pfaft. To, at Wevauwega, April 3.

—A. Zuberbier, To, who left the institution last month, paid a short visit to his former classmates April 5.

—Mr. William PI. Moyne, a former scholar of this institution, visited hero on March 28.

—Miss Alma Schweitzer, Miss Kate Henrechs, and Miss Anna Iloeman, visited E. Boergcr, Prep., on April 4.

THE BLACK AND RED

19

CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM —Easter eggs?

—April fool!

—Don’t get sarcastic.

—H-pos sprained his ankle. Don’t carry so many satchels, Philip.

—Russico (im Zorn): „Du verfrorener Schatten!”

—Prof.: „Wer weiss cinen Ausdruck mit dem Wort Augen?”

B-k-lz: „Liebaugcln.”

—TufT: “Guy is raising a Prince Albert mustache to match his Kaiser Wilhelm coat.”

—Yip: “Drop me a letter as soon as you come to a mail box.”

She: “I’ll drop it before I get there.”

—Sarto: “What arc we going to read next year, the Old Testament or the Young?”

—Ch-kv translating): ”Er zcrschlug ihm den Kopf mit einem Sachsen (saxo).”

—Prof.: “What will happen if light strikes anybody?”

Russico: “Jt will kill him.”

—U-ps: “Is it a hard piece we got up today?”

—Prof.: „Hinz hat cinen Vogel geschosscn.”

—H-g-n (translating jamque omnibus ad traiciendum paratis) : .,Und jetzt nachdem alle Vorbereitungcn zur Ubersetzung getrofl'en sind.”

—Colonel: “Ilka gud mannis berth wi bairnis was stokit.”

“Every good man’s household was stocked with bams.”

—Bill: “Nulla dies sine lin(e)a.”

—Where did the twins get their wonderful hair cut?

Ed. F. says they both fell head-first into a box containing tanglefoot and, brotherly as they are, one cut the other loose with a jackknife.

—Prof.: „Was ist ein Apotheker?”

Pose: “A undertaker.”

—Zei: “Scoi, wouldn't vou like to walk along with us down to Johnson’s Creek?”

Scoi shakes his head mournfully and looks at his Oxfords.

—K-b-1: “It’s a shame to put the sick people into the expecting room.”

—Prof.: „Auf drei Jahrc wurde ihm der Oberbefehl fiber das Mittelalter (Mittelmeer) gegeben.”

—Through his experience as teacher Peter has become so accustomed to make hits that he stands a good show for the baseball team.

—For the ideal military salute go to W. Keibel.

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THE BLACK AND RED

—Pete (translating Galium ausurum si casus daretur): „Gallus wcrdc cs versuchen, wenn ihm Kase gegeben werde.”

—Prof.: “In the word penumbra the syllable pen means almost.”

Colonel: “Then peanut means almost a nut.”

—Formerly one could always see P. H. with a happy smile playing about his lips or humming the tune, „Mein ITut der hat drei Ecken,” but of late he has become downcast and pessimistic. He talks much about disap­ point and other woful themes. Some remedy is fast becoming necessary.

—E. E. K.: “A good deal depends on the formation of early habits.”

Sch-ft: “I know it; when I was a baby my mother hired a woman to wheel me about, and I have been pushed for money ever since.”

—Is that John givin' the college yell inside?

That ain’t the college yell; the old man’s flailin’ him out with a hickory an’ he’s givin’ the home yell.

—In a vision Tuff saw a mile-stone near St. Paul with the inscription 1 M. from St. Paul. Mistaking it for a tombstone, he read, (» « I’m from St. Paul.’ How poetic, how affecting.”

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Now we can fit your feet a thousand times better than any custom shoemaker could ten years ago—and you’ll save from two to four dollars.

Keith’s Conqueror shoes, made on scientific­ ally constructed lasts, have made that possible.

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TIPS ON CLOTHES The attractiveness of our Spring Wearables has already induced many men to come to us for their clothes. The fabrics are now and every correct idea in cut and tailoring is honored. To sum it all up will say our New Spring Garments are Masterpieces of the Tailoring Art We want to convince you of the fairness of our prices. This is something that cannot be done unless you see the garment at the price. Every store quotes prices but it’s what wo glvo you at the price that makes our arguments. We ad­ vertise always The best your money can buy.” Come in and raako us prove it.

New Daylight Clothing Store 107-109 Main Street

HerteS & Hoffmann

W. D. SPROESSER & CO.

PIANOS AND ORGANS 213 Main Street

Telephone No. 249-y WATERTOWN, WSCONSIN

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HOME-MADE CANDIES Guaranteed pure, wholesome and nutritious. We invite inspection and comparison.

Our candy is made for those who know what is good. Ice cream parlor in connec­ tion. Ice cream delivered to any part of the city.

212 W. Msvin St. Phone 92»x

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H. J. STUBE SHOE. STORE 309 Main St., Qotwoorv 3rd and 4th.

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It is made up of the choic­ est Havana and Domestic Tobaccos.

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Radtke & Son

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MANUFACTURE OF

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Phone 532 117 West Main St.

STALLMANN BROS. GROCERS . . . Buchhelt Bloclc.

AUG. WIGGENHORN JEWELER 13 Main Street.

FRUITS

116 Main Street. 'Phone62.

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of all kinds in Season. Good tilings to eat.

JOHN E. HEISMANN

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Violin. Piano and Harmony Studio 109 Main St. Third Floor.

Above Hertel & Hoffmann’s Clothing Store

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IF YOU WANT FIRST-CLASS AND SATISFACTORY

Photos

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Watertown Photo Co.,

WJI, BOCHHEIT,

M. J. WOODARD,

President.

Vice-President.

F. H. WOODAKU,

Cashier.

K. J. BRANDT, 2 Vice-President.

BPK OF MIERTOWi INCORPORATED MAY 1. 1864

DONNER GALLERY Special Rates made to Students.

Ben Rleck PROPRIETOR OF THE

new East End Barbershop Gorder Block.

604 Main Street WATERTOWN,

Base Ball Supplies Foot Ball Supplies Tennis Goods Croquet Sets Boxing Gloves Punching Bags

SPORTING GOODS HEADQUARTERS

WISCONSIN

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DR. T. F. SHINNXCK

Dr. A. J, Schlueter DENTIST 313 Main Street Over Gruetzmacher’g Store,

Watertown, Wig .

Offco Hours, 9 to 11 a. m. 2 to 4 and 7 to 8 p. m.

Office 115 MAIN Phone 89-x Residence, 208 N. 5th St. Phone 273-x.

Photic your Drug ‘U'ants” to Ho. 106 « « «

The August Gamm

Crockery and Glassware Co. —Dealers in—

CbeSflanpfDrua 0o.

Ok' JfeacqJK store • Cole Block

Cor. Main and N. Fourth Sts.

Watertown, Wis.

Main Street

Jos. Salick & Son

saassasss >v«4iMik. riVcouivnii^rusvaN

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HERRO’S WE KEEP THE

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Lamps Crockery Glassware Bar Goods Stone Ware Flower Pots, Etc.

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Wiggenhorn Bros.

BADGER STATE or LATEST OUT CIGAR.

jewelers and Opticians Special Attention is given to testing • Eyes and Fitting of Glasses.

Eyes Tested Free.

Baseball and Sporting Goods i and 3 Main Street.

Watertown. Wis.

F. W. KURZWEG DEALER IN

Fine Boots, Shoes and Rubbers Please Give Us a Trial.

We Try to Give Satisfaction.

402 Main Street.

OTTO HEVIN BIBLES, SONG BOOKS, CHURCH GOODS IN GENERAL. School Supplies a Specialty.

409 Malm Street.

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THIS IS THE

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GANN'S CORNER DRUG STORE At Main and First Sts.

Pure Drugs and medicines Domestie and Havana Cigars Prescriptions a Specialty Your patronage respectsully so­ licited.

IT IS ONE OF THIRTY

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STYLES

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No matter what you wear in col­ lars we have it in the

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IS CIS. EACH, 2 FOR 25 CIS. Watertown’s Upto=date

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The NEW SPRING STYLES in YOUNG MEN’S SUITS

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5he Society Swell and the dainty Summer Girl alike have their linen laundried at this es­ tablishment. We laundry delicate shirt waists, dresses,collars, cuffs and shirts, with conscientious care and without tear or frays, and never fail to give general satisfaction to our patrons in color, polish and the right stiffness, or prompt delivery. Do­ mestic tlnish if desired.

Watertown Steam Laundry First St.

Phone 81-y

You must see them before you buy anything NEW for Spring.

SCHEMPF BROS. CO., The Big Cash Store

JAEDEGKE (GW DEALERS IN

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arbor Shop and atb Rooms

Fruits, Staple and Fancy Groceries.

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For Illustrated Catalogue giving description of instru­ ments, with prices and terms of payment, Address

C. G. CONN COMPANY, Elkhart, Ind. Best $1.00 Pen made Holder of good para rubber, nicely Dnished, point of guaranteed 14k gold, tipped with iridium. Tlio top slightly larger than the balance of the holder, tints enabling one to distinguish by tohch or by glance the “right side up” of the pen. Trices postpaid $1.00.

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CIk Black and Red. Volume XI.

Watertown, Wisconsin, May, 1907.

a

LITERARY

Number 2

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EINE RHEINREISE. Ewald Graf.

Dcr Deutsche mag wohl auf seinen Rheinstrom stolz sein, nicht auf (lessen Grosse, denn viele andcre Stromc, selbst europaische, iibertrefTen ihn weit an Lange, Breite, Wasserfulle, an Ausdehnung ihres Gebietcs. Nicht einem aber ist ein so edles E'bcnmass beschieden, so richtigc Verhaltnissc, so vollstiindige Entwickelung; nicht einer sieht an seinen Ufcrn auf gleiche Wcisc Kunst und Natur, geschichtliche Erinnerung und lebendige Gegenwart vereinigt.

Da, wo die Berge mit evvigem Schnee bedeckt sind und mit ihren weissen Hauptern in die Wolken hineinragen, hat er seinen Ursprung.

Er entsteht aus einigen Bachen, die aus den Eisfeldern kommen, welche sich als Gletscher in den hohen Gebirgstalern am St. Gotthard hinlagern und auch bei dcr grossten Sonnenhitze nicht auftauen. Diese samtlichen Bache fuhren den Namen Rhein. An der deutschen Grenze durchfliessl er den Bodensee und bildet dann bei Schaffhausen einen haushohen Wasserfall. Bei Basel verlasst er die Schvveizerberge und tritt in die F.bcne ein. Diese wird nach Osten bin vom Schwarzwalde und Odenwalde, im Westen von dem Vogesen-Gebirge eingeschlossen. Der Teil westlich vom Rhein heisst das Elsass. Hier liegt die alte, ehemalige Freie Reichsstadt Strassburg, welche der Franzosenkonig Lud­ wig XIV. bald nach dem Dreissigjahrigen Kriege ge\valtsam an sich gerissen hat. Die grosste Sehenswurdigkeit der Stadt ist das herrliche Strassburger Munster Im glorreichen Kriege 1870 und 1871 erobert, wurde sic samt dem Elsass an Deutschland zuruckgebracht. Nun ist die Grenze Frankreichs, die friiher bis an den Rhein reichte, hinter die Vogesen zuriickgedrangt. Weiter stromabwarts liegen Speier, der ehemaiige Begrabnisort der Kaiser von Deutschland, und Worms, wo Lu­ ther im Jahre 1521 sich vor Kaiser und Reich iiber seine Lehre verantwortete, und wo 1868 ihm. sowie seinen Mitkampfern. ein herrliches Denkmal errichtet worden ist.

Oestlich vom Rhein liegt das Grossherzogtum Baden. Zwischen dem Schwarzwalde und Odenwalde kommt der schifFbare Neckar aus Schwaben daher und vereinigt sich bei Mannheim mit dem schon sehr

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breiten und tiefen Rheinc. Noch grosser ist die Wassermenge, welche der Main zufiihrt. Dieser kommt vom Fichtelgebirge, welches in der Mitte Deutschlands liegt. Er schlangelt sich durch den nordlichen Teil des Konigreichs Bayern, breit und stattlich fliesst er bei Frankfurt voriiber, der Festung Mainz gegenuber miindet er in den Rhein. Dieser ist dort bereits so breit, dass man eine halbe Viertelstunde gebraucht, um uber die Scliiftbrucke zu gehen. Unterhalb Mainz riicken die Berge naher zusammen und bildcn an der rechten Seite des Flusscs den gesegneten Rheingau. Da liegt Weinberg an Weinberg; zwischen ihncn ziehen sich Nussbaume und Kastanien mit ess'baren Fruchten hin.

Freundliche Dorfcr, stattliche Stadtchen, schmucke Landhauser und Schlosser liegen in diesem grossen Fruchtgarten zwischen Hiigeln und den Rheinufern zerstreut. Aber noch schoner und sehenswerter als diese Gegend sind die Rheinufer von Bingen an.

Wahrend auf der westliehen Seite der Hunsriick mit seinen hohen Felsen den Strom einengt, bilden die Hohen des Taunus auf der nassauischen Seite ebenso jahe und steile Uferrander. Sein siidwestlichcs Ende, der Niederwald. triigt das im Jahre 1883 im Beiscin Kaiser Wil­ helms I. eingeweihte Nationaldenkmal zur Erinncrung an den glorrcichen Krieg von 1870—71 und die Wiederaufrichtung des Deutschen Reichs. Weinreben zicrcn die sonst kahlen Felsenabhangc. Burgruinen in so grosser Mcnge, wie sonst an keinem andern deutschen Fluss, schauen ernst von den Hohen. welche hie und da bewaldet sind. Am rechten Rheinufer im Nassauischen liegt das Stadtchen Kaub. Flier ging der alte Bliicher in der Neujahrsnacht des Jahres 1811 fiber den Rhein, nachdem Napoleon in der Schlacht bei Leipzig 1813 gcschlagcn worden war. Ein schones Standbild dcs greisen Fcldmarschalls bezeichnet heute diese Steile. Weiter stromabwarts engen sich die Ufer noch mehr ein, der Fluss wird sehmalcr, und schroff turmen sich die Felsen in die Hohe. Da kommt uns plotzlich der Lorelei felsen zu Gesicht. Dieser setzt sich dem Strome wie ein machtiger Damin entgegen. so dass letzterer sich wirbelnd und schaumcnd brichl und einen Strudel bildet, der den SchifFern bisweilen gefahrlich wird. Die Sage erzahlt, dass dieser Felsen von einer wunderbaren Fee bewohnt sei, die so bezaubernde Lieder singe, dass die SchifFer, davon ganz hingerissen. auf den Strudel nicht acht haben, der ihr Boot erfasst und sic in den Fluten bcgrabt. Da. wo die Lahn in den Rhein mundct, erhebt sich wahrhaft kcniglich und stolz auf einem Bergkegel die Burg Stolzenfels mit ihren Zinnen und Tiirmen. Friedrich Wilhelm TV. hat die bereits verfallenen Mauern und Gemacher stattlich wiederherstellen lassen.

Fahren wir weiter. so errcichcn wir Koblenz, dies hat eine prachtvolle Lage am Zusammenflus.se der Mosel mit dem Rhein. Gegenuber erhebt sich die Feste Fhrenbreitstein. welche mit ihren gewaltigen Mauern auf einem steilen Felsen lie?t. Ein Stuck stromabwarts beginnt wieder eine der anmutigsten Gegenden des Rheins. namlich das Siebengebirge. Wie Kegel crheben sich die Bergkuppen dicht nebeneinander

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am ostlichen Ufer. Aus der Feme sieht man ihrer sieben; daher riihrt auch der Name, obgleich ihre Zahl sieben iibersteigt. Nun tritt der Rhein fur immer aus den Bergen heraus. Er nimmt von liier an seinen Lauf durch eine weite E'bene, die immer flacher und gleichformiger wird.

Zunachst flicsst er an dem freundlichen Bonn mit seinen Landhausern voriiber. Reiche Getreidefeldcr und Obstallcen dehnen sich zu beiden Seiten bis nacli Koln hin aus.

Koln ist die grosste Stadt der Rheinprovinz. Sie ist von den Romern gegrundet und war die wichtigste aller am Rhein liegenden Kolonien dcrselben. Im Mittelalter war ihr Reichtum sprichwortlich. Vor und untcr der Hcrrschaft der Franzosen war sie sehr heruntergekommen. Seitdem sic zu Preussen gehort, hat sie schnell und machtig an Einwohnern, Handel und Wohlhabenhcit zugenommen. Sie verdankt * dies dem weisen Rcgimcnte dcr prcussischcn Konige. Majestatisch breitet sie sich am Rhcimifer aus. Eine riesige Briicke mit steinernen Pfeilern fiihrt fiber den Fluss, welche zugleich als Eiscnbahnbrucke dient, dieselbe ist untcr Friedrich Wilhelm IV. gebaut. I-Ioch iiberragt die gcwohnlichen Hauser der herrliche Dom. Sein Bau begann im Jahre 1218: 240 Jahre wurdc dcr Bau fortgesetzt, alsdann aber musste er, weil die Kosten zu gross wurden, eingestellt werden, ehe er noch zur Halftc fertig war. F.s ist das Verdienst der Konige Friedrich Wilhelm III. und IV., die Vollendung dieses katholischen Gotteshauses, als des schbnstcn Denkmals mittelalterlicher Baukunst, angeregt und durch grosse Summen gefordert zu haben.

Unterhalb Diisseldorfs kehren wir in Kaiserswerth ein und freuen tins dcr Diakonissen-Anstalt. aus welrher schon viele Krankenpflegerinnen und Lehrcrinnen in alle Teile Deutschlands, ja sogar in fremde Lander gesandt worden sind. In Duisburg befindet sich eine ahnliche Anstalt, in welcber Diakonen ausgebildet werden. Wo die Lippe, welche wie die Ruhr aus Westfalen kommt, miindet, liegt die preussische Grenzfestumr Wesel. Dann kommt man in die ein form? gen. aber sehr fruchtbaren Ebenen Hollands. Dort teilt sich der Rhein in mehrere Arme und miindet in der Nord-See. An den Wicgen des Rlieins erklingen die Gesiinge armer, aber freier und frober Hirten: an seinen Mundungen zimmert ein ebenso freies, dabei reiches, kunstsinniges, gewerbfleissiges Volk, seine schwimmenden Hauser, welche die fernsten Lander und Meere beschiffen und einst beherrscht haben. Wo ist der Strom, der eine Schweiz an seinen Ouellen, ein Holland an seinen Mundungen hatte, den seine Bahn durch solch herrliche Landschaften fiihrte? Wohl ein jeder, der den Rhein gesehen hat, wird mit dem Dichter ausrufen: ,.Nur am Rhein da mocht’ ich leben, Nur am Rhein begraben sein.

Wo d?e P.erre tra^en Reben, Und die Reben ed’len Wein!”

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THE BLACK AND RED. The Modern Novel and its Mission.

John Schmieder, ’08.

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All novels are modern. Hardly a score of really important examples antedate the nineteenth century. We look back but to 1720 and 1726 to find its forerunners, Robinson Crusoe and Gulliver’s Travels. We look back only to 1740, 1748, 1749 and 1750 when we search for the first real English novels,—the “Pamela” of Richardson, the “Roderick Random” of Smollett, the “Tom Jones” of Fielding, and the “Tristram Shandy” of Sterne. The fact of the novel is a modern fact. The conditions neces­ sary for, and consonant with, its production are modern conditions. It 'was Fielding that asserted the right of a commonplace man to demand his dignity as an individual acknowledged. It was Clarendon, Hume, Robertson, and Gibbon that taught the world the import of the word history and aroused the minds of men to an appreciation of its truth.

The sense of the dominating importance of the individual and the sense of verity were perceptions requisite for the production of the novel. ^ But when speaking of the modern novel and its mission it is in a special.rather than in a general sense that I use the term modern. By it I mean not necessarily the novel which appears today, the novel of 1907,but mainly the novel which speaks for the life of today, which speaks of, and for, men now living. Concerning this modern novel let us consider: the means by which it has attained its present vogue, the relation in which it stands to other forms of utterance, the claims that it has to its eminent position, the tendencies markedly shown in it, its opportunities, and finally its misson.

A slight study of the past conditions shows us that the novel has thrust itself into recognition against a prejudice. It is but a few years since apologies for putting a particular study of life into the form of a novel have disappeared from the prefaces. But a generation has passed since the novel was commonly decried by many eminent clergymen. In short, the novel has worked its way against the prejudices of the book­ sellers as well as of the public. But more than all this, the novel has subdued these prejudices apparently without any external assistance.

Unlike the drama or the epic, the novel has not been fostered by stage or court patronage, but has, as it were, ever supported itself by asserting the superiority of that which is apparently of lesser import to life, namely, emotion. It affirms that love, not achievement, is of greater im­ portance in life. Not to say that modern novels arc mere love-stories, we had better add that this element as a motive is absent in at least one quarter of them. Surely we must admire the man that has achieved, has had success, but the modern novel, far from giving precedence to records of achievement or tales of adventure, seems at times to ignore them and presents merely the plain story of a human life touched with emotion.

Steadily has the novel on this wise fought against a prejudice. De­ servedly it today stands supreme, still a healthy form of expression.

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If the novel is really supreme, other forms of literary expression must necessarily, as to influence, be inferior in rank. As a matter of fact, the modern novel has supplanted the epic and the romance; it has sur­ passed the drama, poetry, and the essay. Beginning with the epic, I find that, though the epic has been universal and popular in its day (it is the most objective and external of all forms of poetic expression), compared with the novel it docs not exist. Its nature could find no response in an age craving for tales of inner, realistic life. For the same reason it must be that the novel has supplanted the romance. Romances like “Reynard the Fox” and like those of Arthur, of the Holy Grail, of Lancelot, and of the Round Table arc today read merely because of their literary value. The romance in this extended form is of the past, the novel of the present. But we cannot say of the novel that it has sup­ planted the drama, much less do we wish it; the drama is an eternal form of expression. Nevertheless it is true that, weighing usefulness against usefulness, the modern novel is more potent than the drama. The great messages, the serious problems, the emotions of a nation are today voiced in the novel and not in the drama. Thus we must concede that the novel has surpassed the drama, though we may nevertheless hope that it will never supplant it. The novel has also outpassed poetry. The present age has virtually no poets. Those of former generations have passed and have left but a few insignificant successors. Finally the novel has also outpassed the essay. A candid observer must acknowledge the fact that, weighing influence against influence, the superiority at the present day rests with the novel rather than with the essay.

In fine, we may justly conclude then that the modern novel is the most popular of all literary methods. Seme writers have gone so far as to claim that in the greatest novels of today we have all the value of the epic, of the drama, and of the romance, with the added excellence, that the strife takes place, not on fields of physical encounter, but within the breast of the hero. To this I cannot wholly assent; for surely in the most complete novel of today we have not the harmony that exists in scores of epics or dramas of the past.

Still the modern novel is relatively an important form, a form which has become important by means which seem to suggest permanence.

One may now ask the question: What special claims has the novel to recognition? The novel does not claim preeminence because of any perfection of form. For in the sense of the epic or the drama the novel has no specific form. It may deal with time gone by. or with the present moment; it may be brief, or extended; it may be written in high literary English, or in low Scotch dialect. It is, we might say, rather because of its freedom than because of any exactness in form that the novel has claims to eminence. Yet the main reason why the novel is preeminent is because it is a modern form of expression. The one great fact of modern life is the fact of great communities made up of individ­ uals of unlike interests, unlike capabilities, and unlike nationalities; the

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great problems are problems arising in these unlike social organizations.

Following this fact, the novel approaches these problems from the stand­ point of the individual and therefore interests.

This new departure in the novel, besides furthering its claims to usefulness, exhibits a development into different illustrations of religious, ethical, social, and personal principles in such a fashion that the presen­ tation shall assume a distinct character. This tendency indicates that the novel is obtaining a seriousness of character. It is obtaining this seriousness in anwer to a demand from without and from within. From without comes the demand of the public. It demands of anything that it is to give recognition to as a form of art that it show conformity to a certain type-form. From within comes the demand of the writer himself, because he is beginning to believe in his form of art.

Thus we see that the novel, beginning as a study of fiction, is now a study of real life, of life as it really is. Here lies the one demand that is laid upon the novelist today. It is that he tell the exact truth; that if he describe, he describe with accuracy; that if he depict a character, the character shall not contradict itself. If the novelist will not heed these demands, the public will have none of his novels. We arc fully alive to the fact that there is a harmony of natural and aesthetic laws.

Science has taught us: “That which is true has in it lines of beauty, that which is beautiful has in it lines of truth."

Such is the modern novel. Working its way steadily against a prejudice, it has attained a popularity in which it today outpasses the various eminent forms of literary expression. In answering a demand to become scientific the novel has become serious in character, subject, and treatment. It presents problems, because men and women are think­ ing problems. It deals with llerioc lives, because this achieving age admires heroism. It is of all forms of present-day literature most in touch with life. Here lies its opportunity. There was a time when the poet claimed a poetic licence; when the romanticist ventured beyond possibility; when fiction out of pure desire was out of touch with life.

But times have changed. The novel that depicted phases and condi­ tions has passed. In its place has come the modern novel, an introspect­ ive study into motive, and interpreter of life. It has become the critic of life itself. Herein lies its mission. ^ * * * # Pan-Germanism.

Henry Koch, ’00.

Some historians tell us that each generation of men is dominated by some ideal that they strive to realize. For the Germans it was before 1871 the reestablishment of the empire; for the Italians before 1870 the unification of Italy; for the United States before 1S65 the abolition of slavery. What it is now in the United States, it is difficult to say: some of us might think it is the effective control of the large coqjorations.

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others, that it is colonial expansion. In Germany according to some it seems to be Pan-Germanism.

First of all it will be necessary to understand the meaning of the word Pan-Germanism. Some are of opinion, that Pan-Germanism is an attempt to secure for the Fatherland the intellectual devotion of its children, even when they are subject to a foreign land: others that the German Provinces of Austria ought to be annexed to the German Empire, still others that a great European Alliance be formed with Prussia at its head. In reality Pan-Germanism is an effort to unite all the Germans outside of the German Empire with the same into one political union.

Pan-Germanism is a living idea which grew up naturally in the midst of the German people. Its origin can be traced back to the adverse beginning of the nineteenth (19th) century, when the German youth was taught to love its Fatherland and live for German ideals. At present no German can be found who is not in his inmost heart a Pan-German.

The increase of the power and influence of Germany developed a certain pride. Then Germans soon became aware that some of their country­ men were still outside of the boundary of the German Empire and it was their wish to have them join. On the other hand, the Germans outside of Germany observed the steady rise of their Fatherland and desired to assist it in its wars with foreign countries. Thus the idea of PanGermanism or the “All-Deutsche” idea made its appearance.

According to Chcdo Mijatovich, a Servian diplomat, who recently wrote an article for the Fortnightly Review on this subject, of which this is a short synopsis, Pan-Germanism exists as a patriotic sentiment and not as a practical policy. That men of the same race, same language, same ideas, should wish to be one and the same people is entirely natural.

To the English however this is more than a patriotic sentiment. It is a spectre to them and in every move of Germany they pretend to see a realization of Pan-Germanism.

It has been the effort of some German patriots to transform this sentiment ino a practical policy, but until now it has only attained dubious success. The Vienna Congress is in part responsible for PanGermanism. When 'Europe had deposed Napoleon, a union of German .States was formed in 1815 commonly called “der deutsche Bund”. This did not only bring thirty-nine independent German States into some union, but the Austrian Emperor was made the presiding member of this union. Thus it may be said that Pan-Germanism has been changed into a practical policy.

At present a party of “All-Deutsche” has been formed, the head­ quarters of which arc at Lcipsic. Under the leadership of Professor Hassc it has attained admirable success. It has its own newspapers, it arouses the interest of the people for its cause, but as yet it has failed to be admitted to the Reichstag. A more serious question is: Has Germany adopted this idea and does it work at its realization?

The serious politicians of Germany, the “Real-Politiker” are not in

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love with the ideals of Pan-Germanism. Reasons herefor are not far to seek. The organization of the German Empire is mainly Protestant.

If the Pan-Germanic ideals were realized, the German Provinces of Aus­ tria with their intensely Roman Catholic population would be incorpor­ ated into Germany. This would prove injurious to the Protestants, who are decidedly opposed to an increase of Roman Catholics. Of this the ardent Austrian Pan-Germans are aware. To annex these Provinces to Germany they find it necessary to alter the Roman Catholic Religion.

This is the so-called “Los von Rom” movement, which does not meet the approval of the strict Roman Catholics.

But there is another important consideration, over which the German politicians seem to ponder most. This is the necessity of the existence of Austria-Hungary to uphold the European balance, viz., the equal strength of the European powers. The realization of Pan-Germanism would encompass the disappearance of Austria-Hungary. This would strengthen Germany considerably, but it would also unite the other European powers into formidable confederation against the German Em­ pire, which would endanger the European peace and Germany itself.

German politicians would not wittingly expose their country to such risks and it cannot be their duty to realize Pan-Germanism.

There remains an additional reason why Germany should uphold Austria and not cause its disruption. Many Slav countries are at the disposal of the Austrian Emperor. On these the German Kaiser could depend for assistance if a war should break out, being an ally of the Austrian Emperor. The realization of Pan-Germanism would not permit this. On the contrary, these nations would distrust Germany and act as enemies. . Since Pan-Germanism has not yet entered the realm of a practical policy and as Chedo Mijatovich claims will never have any success as such, there is no reason for the English and Americans to sec the dread­ ful spectre of Pan-Germanism in every move of the German Emperor. j

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Published monthly by the students of the Northwestern University.

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EDITORIAL STAFF. EDGAR GUENTHER, ’oS

EDITOR-IN CHIEF BUSINESS MANAGERS.

ERWIN E. KOWALKE, ’oS SIGMUND PROUST,, ’09

BUSINESS MANAGER ASS’T. BUSINESS MANAGER DEPARTMENT EDITORS.

MARTIN J. WAGNER, ’08 JOHN E. SCHAEFER. 'oS EDGAR W. MELZER, ’09 MARTIN SCHUMACHER, ’io ALEXANDER P. SITE, ’09

ATHLETIC EDITOR. COLLEGE NOTES EXCHANGE EDITOR LOCAL EDITOR CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

Contributions to the Literary Department are rcnucsted from alumni and undergraduates. All literary matter should be addressed to the Editor-in-Chiof and all business communications to the Business manager.

The terms of subscription are 75 cents per annum, payable in advance. Single copies, 10 cents Stamp s not accepted in payment. Notify us if you wish your address changed oryour. paper discontinued The Black and Red is forwarded to all subscribers until order for its discontinuation is received and until all arrearages are paid.

Entered at the Postoflicc of Watertown, Wis., as second-class matter.

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EDITORIAL

History has established the fact that no Prep. «.nd Upper Cla.ss^ nation remains for an undue length of time men on an unvarying moral or intellectual basis.

With almost monotonous regularity peculiar waves, as those of reform or moral degradation, having unknown origin, if viewed from a secular standpoint, but marked effects, sweep over a country,- leaving behind them conditions decidedly different from those theretofore.

Similar waves, having smaller dimensions yet consequences rela­ tively no less grave, occasionally pass over our smaller educational institutions, affecting to a large degree the relation of prep, to upper­ classman. Thus it is that at one time an insurmountable cliff appears between their relative positions, the prep having all the characteristics of a rebel with the upper-classman ably playing the role of tyrant, while at another time their intercourse is such as to betray no perceptible difference of station.

Each result represents one of the extremes in this movement, leaving a happy medium the desired status. The prep, on entering our institu­ tion is, as a rule (ignoring the exceptions), mentally still on the proverb-

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ially viridescent stage, bordering on the expansive horizon of possibilities and accomplishments in which he sees the upper-classmen move. These are the very men whom he must learn to honor and obey. He must take for granted that they are in every respect his superiors, must view them as representing a degree of perfection which it should be one of his highest aims at college to attain.

To this must be added an implicit faith in the ability and good intentions of the upper classmen in managing the affairs of the student body, no matter how paradoxical or in just some of their decisions may at first appear to be; for nothing will more effectually destroy the unity among the students than the persistence of the prep to call his superior to account for every action which he does not understand, and to refuse to obey if satisfaction is not given him. As a child has no right to demand an explanation for any action of its parent, so the prep must acquiesce in the wishes of the upper-classman, attribute the apparent injustice not to any selfish motives on the part of the other, but to his own inexperience, and be content with the fact that at some riper age he will be able to understand that which now seems an absurdity to him.

The actions taken by the upper-classmen for the preservation of law and order should therefore cause our prep to look up to them not in fear and trembling but in reverence, and not with scorn and disdain, but confidence. He should view his monitor not as one who has been ap­ pointed to watch his very movements, as a warden does his prisoners, but as one who. under the inspector, shall occupy in a secondary degree the position of his parents, to care for his moral and intelligent welfare; to aid him in the selection of his companions, warning him against those with whom association is not desirable; to have a slight hold on his purse-strings; and to see that all of his “free time” is not wasted and that Jiis time at his desk is spent in diligent study and not in drowsing and in building deceptive air castles.

But the responsibility for the success of this little drama devolves not upon the prep alone. The upper-classman must approach his in­ ferior with a deportment justifying the confidence which is to be placed in him. To gain this confidence, however, it is not only unnecessary but decidedly detrimental as well, to cast aside all reserve and associate with the prep as an equal. To be sure a certain degree of so-called “popularity” can be gained thereby, but it is ephemeral. Gradually even the unsophisticated prep will interpret it as mere sycophancy and grow to loathe the very person whom he should honor and respect.

On the contrary, the upper-classman should bear himself, while not as a tyrant, yet as one who is aware of his station and of the duties con­ nected with it. He must realize that if he is to make a man in the true sense of the word out of the boy intrusted to his care, he must needs be one himself, a man of irreproachable character, punctual, tidy, and carefully observant of all the rules and regulations which he has pledged

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himself by his very entry into college to obey, superfluous though some of them may appear to be.

The importance of this somewhat ideal relation between the prep and the upper-classman can hardly be over-estimated if we consider that the development of the former’s character, the seeds of which his parents have so carefully sown, is wholly dependent on his surroundings and on the characters of those with whom it has become his lot to associate. And what greater tribute can an ex-college man receive than to have another, who was at one time a prep under him, point to him and say, “What I am is due to the vigilance he kept over me at college. His was the advice that taught me the value of time and his were the admonitions that kept me out of the path of carelessness and idleness along which so many others were wont to stroll.” *

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Prompting scholars who are ignorant of a word or a topic under discussion in recitations is an evil more or less met with in all schools. It is a plain case of dishonesty, yet the tendency among students is to assist an ill-prepared scholar. No doubt the person who prompts a fellow-student wishes to benefit him, and therefore his good intentions let him forget that his action is fraud­ ulent.

Continuous prompting docs not exercise a good influence on a scholar. The student who is prompted in class neglects his studies, relies on help from some one else, and finally becomes dependent on his class-mates. Later, perhaps not before he has left school, lie per­ ceives his folly. If he possesses enough will-power to supply the missing links in the chain of his studies, lie may regain his independence, but it will cost him hard, earnest work. Bitterly he will regret his former negligence and partly will he blame for it the students who encouraged it by prompting.

Let us all refrain from practising this habit, which produces such poor results. Let us not suffer any one to prompt us, for “the straight road is always the best,” but work independently, and then we shall derive true benefit from our study.

Prompting

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* * * * When this issue reaches our subscribers the Music at Our Institutions seventh annual concert of our college band and orchestra will be a thing of the past.

The fact that these societies have given successful concerts for six years and that this year there will be two concerts one at Watertown and one at Columbus goes to prove that both band and orchestra have been and are now furnishing good classical music.

Just those years when prospects for a good band or orchestra were the darkest have been the most successful. Every one felt the great

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responsibility that had devolved upon him and knew that he had to do his utmost to achieve a success. Thus some of our best soloists were developed. Necessity was the iron master that forced them to practise, and practise is the key to success in music.

At present we are supplied with a number of good musicians, most of whom got all their musical training while attending our institution.

Some, indeed, were already proficient players upon entering college, but, one and all, they certainly increased their practical knowledge of music while playing in these organizations. And if in the future we apply ourselves to music with the same energy and enthusiasm as in the past, the history of our musical events will be an unbroken line of successes. .f

COLLEGE NOTES Arbor Day.

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Although a date for the celebration of this day is set by the Gov­ ernor, we are generally obliged to decide upon a more suitable day, as Arbor Day has assumed a specific purpose with us. It is not only the day for planting trees but also the day for removing the leaves and waste matter which have accumulated in the park and campus during the year. It is always a day of special interest to the student, and though a working day, it is enjoyed as much and more perhaps than the ordinary holiday.

Owing to the continuous moist and cool weather. Arbor Day this year was observed as late as the 25th of April. The students worked so well that everything was finished by noon. The campus was cleaned and especial pains were taken in raking the lawn. Trees were planted along the northern border of the campus and such trees in the park as had died were replaced by new ones.

The park is in splendid condition. During the past years it has received a great variety of trees, shrubs, and flowers, and the manner of their arrangement meets, we believe, all the requirements of the aesthetic sense. *.*.** * Editors’ Banquet.

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A banquet was held by the Editors of the Black and Red on Satur­ day, April 6th. It was given in honor of the retiring members by those of the newly elected staff, Mr. E. Guenther officiating as toast-master.

The evening was very pleasantly spent and the clock already indicated a late hour before the participants were ready to depart.

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The Lyceum.

This literary society, which was organized in Nov. 1906 and which was reorganized at the beginning of this school-year, has disbanded recently for the rest of this term. It may again speak of a prosperous year. Not only has it increased in membership—it began with 29 mem­ bers while it now numbered 46—but also the quality of its debates and the nature of its recitals have evidently attained a higher standard; besides, it has included music to make the program more varied. Hardly was there a program which was not filled with interesting numbers and which did not attract a goodly number of visitors.

It is to be regretted that no debating contest, as had been custom­ ary, was held with the Philomathian Society during the past year.

The final meeting was held on Saturday evening, April 28th. The program was as usual well rendered and the chapel was well-nigh filled with visitors. After the program Pres. Eggert once more addressed the society, admonishing its members and wishing them success in their future work.

The program was as follows: 1. Musical Selection: “The Mill of the Forest.”

By Victor Schrocdcr ’10.

II. Recitation: “Dcr Taucher.”

By Otto Plath '10.

III. Recitation: “A Tribute to the Dog."

By Edward Birkholz '09.

IV. Reading: “Schonhcits-Kapitcl,” “Dcr ewige Nickel.”

By Edward Grunwald '09.

V. Musical Selection: “L’Arte.”

Duet by Alex. Sitz '09 and Sig. Probst '09. >f VI. Recitation: “Johannas Abschied." “Eine kurze Reclamation.”

By Adam Pelermann ’09.

VII. Recitation: “Only a Portrait."

By Ernest Birkholz ’09.

VIII. Recitation: “Crime its own Detector.”

By Sig. Probst ’09.

IX. Recitation: “Robert Emmett’s Last Speech.”

By Paul Kirsch ’08.

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ALUMNI Protokoll 1906.

Watertown, Wis., den 19. Juni 1906.

Dcr Verein versammelte sich zu seiner Jahressitzung in der Aula der Anstalt am Nachmittage des Aktustages. Die Sitzung wurde durch den Pnisidenten des Vereins. Prof. J. Kohler von Wauwatosa, eroffnet.

Anwesend waren folgende Herren: Die Professoren A. Pieper, 76, J. Kohler, ’77, Dr. Ott, 'JS5. A. Kuhn, ’95, W. Notz, ’97; die Pastoren Chr. Sauer, ’77, A. Babcnroth, ’7S, W. Huth, ’81, R. Sicgler, ’81, Schwarz,

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’90, E. Schulz, ’91, O. Hagedorn, *91, M. Sauer, ’92, A. C. Iiaase, ’94, Mittelstadt, ’98, G. Thurow, ’99, Moussa, ’00, Schliiter, ’00, Lederer, ’00, Am. Honecke, ’01, Jedeke, ’02, A. Schulz, ’02; die Iierren O. Ernst, ’02 R. Burger, ’03, Sydow, ’03, Raasch, ’03, K. Kohler, ’03, R. Ernst, ’04, C. J. Sauer, ’04, R. Owen. ’05, Abelmann, ’05; ferner die Ehrcnmitglieder Prof. Dr. F. W. A. Notz und Rechtsanwalt Gevvecke. Pastor Motzkus wurde als Gast willkommen geheissen. Herr Dr. Med. Kraft wurde als Alumnus in den Verein aufgenommen; desgleichcn die neu Graduirten, namlich die Herren Arn. Eickmann, F. Fischer, W. Plaasc, A. Korn, R. Korn, J. Manz, H. Muller, A. Rohlfing, A. von Rohr, A. Sauer, E. Wendland.

Der Schatzmeister Prof. Dr. Ott, legte seinen Bcricht ab iibcr die Fiihrung der Kasse wahrend des vergangenen Jahres, woraus hervorging, dass die Kasse einen Bestand von $81.21 enthielt. Die Pastoren A. Schulz und J. Moussa wurden als Pritfungs-Komitee ftir die Rcchnungsbiicher emannt.

Der Chronist berichtete die betrubende Tatsachc, dass wicder ein Mitglied des Vereins, und zwar eins der altesten, im Laufc des Jahres durch den Tod abgerufen worden sei. namlich Herr Prof. O. Hoycr von unserer Alma Mater. Sein Andenkcn wurde von den Gliedern des Ver­ eins durch Erheben von den Sitzen gechrt; dcr Lcbcnslauf des Entschlafenen ist im Black und Red enthalten.

Prof. Dr. Ott machte den Verein darauf aufmerksam, dass fiir den Abend des Sitzungtages ein sogenan. ..Smoker” von den Beamten des Vereins arrangiert worden sei. welcher in der Aula stattfindcn soli und zu dessen erfolgreicher Ausfuhrung ein jeder Teilnehmendc einen Beitrag von 25 Cents zu cntrichten gebeten sei.

Hierauf folgte ein Vortrag von Past. O. Hagedorn von Milwaukee uber das Thema: Die Kunst des Vorlesens. Dieser Vortrag wurde mit allseitigem Beifall aufgenommen und dem Vortragendcn dcr Dank dcs Vereins. Auch wurde der Wunsch ausgesprochcn, dass der Vortrag im Black und Red veroffentlicht werden mochte. Auf Beschluss trat die Versammlung in eine Discussion iiber das behandelte Thema ein, welchc sich uberaus lebhaft gestaltete. Nach Schluss derselben berichtete das Priifungskomitee, das es die Rechnung des Srhatzmeisters richtig befunden habe. Nach Verlesung dieses Protokolls erfolgte Vertagung.

Chr. Sauer, Sekr. a 0 a Versammlung des Alumnivereins, Die Jaehrliche Versammlung des Alumnivereins findet am Tage des Actus (18. Juni) in der Aula der Anstalt um drei Uhr Nachmittags statt.

Joh. P. Koehler.

Praesident.

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Personal Notes.

—Rev. R. O. Buerger ’03 of Bloomer, Wis., is engaged to Miss Elsa Huth of Milwaukee.

—Rev. H. Moussa, ’00, has discontinued his studies at the University of Chicago and accepted a call to his father’s congregation at Bur­ lington, Wis. —Rev. S. A. Jcdelc, ’02, of Wilmot, Wis., was obliged temporarily to discontinue his work in the ministry on account of ill health; he is at the home of his mother near Ann Arbor, Mich.

—Dr. Geo. Ernst, of London, England, visited at the home of his parents in Watertown, Wis., and stopped with friends and relatives at Winona, Minn., and Tacoma, Wash.

—At the Mississippi conference, which was in session at Winona, Minn., April 24th—2Gth, a number of college friends, who were at the N. W. U. between the year ’9G and ’03 met and talked over by-gone college days. Among them: Rev. J. Mittelstadt, ’98 of Barre Mills, Wis., Rev. H. Schmeling, ’98, of Sparta, Wis., Rev. O. Kuhlow, ’99 of North Freedom, Wis.. Rev. R. Ave Lallemand, ’00 of Baraboo. Wis., Rev. A. Schultz, ’02. of Alma, Wis.. Rev. A. W. Sauer, '02, of Winona, Minn..

Rev. P. Lorenz of Prairie du Chien, Wis. .*? .* 4* 4 4

Ovir Contemporaries Exchange should not he rolled, but should be sent in envelopes.

A rather curious little visitor, which we were so unfortunate as to overlook last month, is the Barrovian, from the Isle of Man. Judging from the amount of space allotted to it, football consumes about one half the energies of the student body. In spite of the preponderance oMootball literature, we still found much to reward our somewhat diligent search. We should have been better able to enjoy the letter from Paris, had a vocabulary been added, our knowledge of French being as yet restricted to such rudimentary and unedifying fragments as “I’aime, l’aimes. etc.” The next issue of the Barrovian we suppose will contain the outcome of the exciting “Steeplechase” as well as the obituary of the author of the flattering “Ode to the Orchestra.” Our search tor an Ex. column was crowned with ill success. The lack of this department in a college paper we hold to be little less than a serious shortcoming.

Surely a paper containing so critical an article as that on the “debating society” should not have to plead guilty to the charge of neglecting so important a feature as the Ex. column. Another feature conspicuous by reason of its smallness is a well-balanced literary column.. It is just possible, however, that our English cousins put a different interpreta­ tion upon the term college paper than is customary upon this side of the

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pond, and that we must not judge them by the standard that our Amer­ ican exchanges have so firmly established.

“The Storm” is decidedly the best article in the March number of the So-To-Speak (Manitowoc, Wis.) “A True Friend” possesses some merit, but the lack of action is the direct cause of a corresponding want of interest.

Cromwell is the subject of a sketch in the Abbey Student (Atchison, Kas.) The writer assumes a position decidedly hostile to the great “Protector,” charging him with tyranny, oppression, hypocrisy, heresy and all manner of other vices. Irrespective of the justice of these savage epithets, one fact remains and that is that Cromwell was one of the greatest rulers (many say the greatest) that the English race has ever produced. Under his firm rule England recovered the preeminent posi­ tion in Europe that she had attained during the reign of Elizabeth. The consideration of the storminess of the period should go a long way toward dispelling the cloud of hostile criticisms that lias gathered about him. Lawlessness and rebellion abounded on every side and it required a firm hand to save England from destruction. Besides lie had only to look back to the reign of Charles for a precedent for his disregard of existing institutions. His service to England was a great one; he steered the British nation through one of the most critical periods of its existence and moreover taught the haughty House of Stuart a wholesome lesson, which James II., much to his sorrow, was so unfortunate as to forget.

A well edited paper, lacking in none of the essential features and approaching very near to the ideal college paper, is the Erskinian (Due West S. C.) The editorials with one exception arc of a local character and would hardly appeal to the outsider. The Ex. column is one of the best we have encountered and a criticism like the one on the “Hollins Quarterly” might well serve as a model to other Ex. editors. We admire the zeal of the editresses of this column in attempting a transla­ tion of one of the German articles in our paper, but are quite positive that they would have benefited vastly more, had they devoted their labors to the first article, “Hans Sachs” rather than to a feature of such extrinsic value as “Aus dem Seminarleben.” “Nature Essentially Bene­ ficent” is, as the words indicate, an appreciation of the knowledge and foresight of the Supreme Being as exemplified in the nicety of arrange­ ment of all things terrestrial. The writer’s is a picturesque style and his vocabulary is a rather extensive one. The Erskinian, we believe, is more successful with its prose than with its poetry, but if we were called on to decide upon the comparative merit of the two poems in this number, we should concede the superiority of the latter one, “Do We.” “Which Won the Prize” is a story of some merit built upon an interesting plot with a happy outcome. The writer’s style at times becomes a trifle unwieldy and little inconsistencies in thought occur. Our interest was mainly centered on “Current Events,” especially interesting from the fact that they represent a Southern point of view. The two cent fare agita-

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tion is fast becoming a national one, but it is doubtful whether the courts will sustain the two cent rate in the thinly populated western states, where the relative cost of operation considerably exceeds that of New York and other states in the east. Up here in Wisconsin we believe that we have struck a happy medium fair to railroads and public alike in the form of a two and a half cent rate. No doubt national legislation will soon bring about a uniform rate, as at present some states have a two cent fare, in our state it is two and one half, while for interstate travel the old rate of three cents still prevails. In regard to the last item we would say that the failure of the Administration to grant Mr. Oliver of Tennessee, the lowest bidder, the contract for the Canal, after he had complied with every condition imposed upon him, has also been roundly criticised in the north. But the undertaking has now been turned over to the army, which has often shown its efficiency for work of this char­ acter, and it is to be hoped that another decade will see the Atlantic and the Pacific join hands.

“Our Treatment of the American Indian” in Student Life (Logan, Utah) is a scathing arraignment of the government for the injustice perpetrated upon the Red race. True, to the sentimentalist the fate of the Indian is a sad one. the noble Red Man, who once could call the mighty stretches of unbroken forest from ocean to ocean all his own, whose terrible war-cry once struck terror into the hearts of even the most courageous, but now is heard no more. But, as the writer says, it was a “struggle for the survival of the fittest.” It was a struggle between the civilization of the Anglo-Saxon and the barbarism of the savage.

Where hostile tribes waged continual warfare among one another dyeing the forests red with blood, and filling the air with the shrieks of a thou­ sand victims, the white man has reared a mighty nation, throbbing with life and overflowing with the products of his ingenuity. Truly, the earth belongs to him who knows best to make it serve his purpose. But has the Indian really suffered as much as the writer would lead one to sup­ pose? In olden times a conquered race was usually either put to the sword or else sold into slavery. Our government has set aside land for his occupation, is maintaining schools for his education, and is doing much to better his condition, and statisticians state that the Indian race is actually increasing in numbers at the present day. What the Indian has suffered has been due not to any animosity on the part of the govern­ ment, but rather to the unscrupulousness of certain government officials, looking only toward their own enrichment. In fact, the government has often shown itself to be the Indian’s best friend and has worked steadily for the salvation of the Red race.

From the Flowery Kingdom comes the College Echoes (Tientsin) a paper thoroughly western in spirit, oriental merely in setting. Although differing radically from all our American exchanges, it compares favora­ bly with the most of them, a significant fact, when one considers that it is written by students of Chinese birth. Noteworthy among its contents

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is an address delivered by a Chinese before a London audience, being in the nature of an appeal to the English People for aid in suppressing the opium curse. “Honolulu Legends” are a series of charming little tales of the odd beliefs of a superstitious people. The account of the voyage from Tientsin to London and the letter from England are also worthy of mention. The last page is written in the Chinese language, which, not being much in vogue in these parts, we were unable to de­ cipher.

The Riverview Student, one of our newest exchanges, was admitted to the elite, solely upon the merits of its general appearance. The Student is a monthly publication coming from Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Another exchange calculated to be of more than ordinary interest to our students, especially in view of the athletic relations existing between our institutions, is the Laurentian, a bi-monthly paper published by the students of Lawrence University.

“A Claim of the Small College” in the Newberry Stylus (Newberry, S. C.) defines the peculiar position of the small college in our educational system. It is the bridge, so to speak, leading from the“scholastic high school” to the “scientific university,” and he that crosses upon this bridge, instead of attempting blindly to overleap the intervening chasm, will be the better qualified for whatever profession he may chance to select as well as for a useful career as an American citizen. There is something in the life of the small college that the university does not and from its very nature cannot afford. What this something is, is difficult to say. Perhaps it is due to the more intimate association of professors with students, but we suspect that the cause lies even deeper than this.

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ATHLETICS. Baseball.

Great was the joy of the local rooters on April 4th, over the defeat of Marquette at the hands of our nine. The game was called at 2:30 with Koehler in the box. Though the cold weather and the slippery diamond rendered fast and snappy playing impossible, the game was nevertheless interesting and exciting.

In the first innmg with three men on bases, Koehler pulled himself out of a critical position and neither team scored in this inning. In the second Marquette managed to bring in two scores. Though things looked somewhat difficile, our team held its ground, and when Nieghorn made a home run in the third inning, our boys gathered new enthusiasm.

In the fourth inning the visitors succeeded in bringing in another score, and in the fifth inning Eckermann even got a home run on Koehler.

But things changed when our boys got up to bat and Nieghorn made a

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second grand hit and brought in two scores and himself to third base.

In the next inning Horn was put in the box, but cold weather and a sore arm hindered him from getting good control of the ball. Still he managed to hold his own and Marquette could not find him; he fanned five men in the last few innings, and only two more scores were gained

by Marquette. The sixth inning gained the victory for us, when Nieghorn made another drive and brought in three scores beside his home run. The game ended with a score of ? to 8 in favor of Northwestern.

The victory was mainly due to Nieghorn’s excellent batting and brilliant fielding and Foley’s unsteadiness. However a number of bril­ liant plays were also made by Capt. Kowalke and other players. The visitors also had a number of fine plays to their credit.

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Lineup.

Marquette— AB R H PO A E Northwestern— AB R H PO A E Parks, ss....

5 3 3 0 0 0 5 1 12 2 1 Nieghorn, If. Watt, rf.......

4 0 2 4 1 1 4 0 2 0 0 0 Zell, 2b........

Eckermann, cf... 5 12 10 0 Koch, cf___ 5 0 1111 Frctz, 3b.......

4 0 2 4 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 2 Kowalke, lb.

3 0 0 0 0 0 Sc'hneider, 3b 0 0 0 0 1 0 Luctkc, rf...

4 Kinney, lb...

112 12 Zeisler, ss__ 5 1 13 0 0 Quinn, If.......

2 1 0 2 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Berg, 3b.......

Leonard, If........ 2 4 2 3 14 1 1 10 10 0 Ziesemer, c..

3 1 0 0 2 0 O’Brien, 2b Koehler, p...

4 0 0 G 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 Pcarsc, c............ 4 2 2 9 1 0 Horn, p........

Foley, p..

5 12 12 0 35 3 12 27 10 5 Totals.

Totals 37 7 10 24 7 4 Home runs—Niepihorn 2. Eckermann. Three base hit—Nieghorn 1. Two base hits—Kowalke, Kinney. Sacrifice hits—Zell. Hit by pitched ball—Quinn, Koehler. Stolen bases—Zeisler, Pearse, Parks. Struck out—By Koehler 7, by Horn 5. by Foley 7. Bases on balls—Off Koehler 2, off Horn G, off Folejr 2. Um­ pire—Arnold Sprehn.

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Milton 4. N. W. U, 7 The Milton game scheduled for Tuesday, April 30th, was postponed to the following day, May 1st, on account of snow.

The Milton game was interesting and exciting from beginning to end. The game was called at 3:30 with Place in the box. The pitcher s speed and peculiar twist confounded our players at the outset, and no score was gained in the first inning. Milton however scored on our boys in spite of Koehler's good speed and control. In the next inning our boys tied the score and stuck to the ball during the rest of the game. While the Milton nine worked up gradually their summit was attained with the fourth score. The fourth inning decided the game. For in this inning our team made several hits on Place and worked up the score to six, bringing in five tallies in this one inning.

Though odds seemed to be against him. Place did not appear to be

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at all discouraged, for he retained that same, everlasting smile through the whole game. But at no time did the game appear onesided, albeit that we brought in five scores in one inning. Both teams did excellent work and made but a few errors. The game ended with the score of 4 to 7 in favor of N. W. U. During the preliminary practice Luetke, our left fielder, had the mis­ fortune of running into a tree while chasing a fly and was stunned for the rest of the day. Hoffmann was put in as substitute.

We would add, that the treatment our team received at Milton was in every respect kind and friendly. We believe a more hospitable place f still remains to be found.

Lineup.

AB R H PO A E Northwestern— AB R H PO A E Milton— 5 110 0 0 2 0 Nieghorn, If. McGowan, 3b... 5 0 2 3 5 0 2 2 2 1 5 0 1 11 3 1 Zell, 2b.......

Johanson, c 5 1 2 2 0 0 4 1 0 0 2 1 Koch, cf.......

Place, p___ 4 0 1 7 0 0 4 0 0 10 0 0 Kowalke, lb.

Hull, lb....

0 0 4 0 12 11 Hoffmann, rf.... 5 1 2 2 Coon, 2b...

4 110 11 4 2 1 0 0 1 Berg, 3b....

Stringer, rf.

5 12 13 1 1110 0 0 Zcisler, ss..

Kidder, If..

4 1 1 12 2 0 Ziesemer, c.

Stewart, If..

3 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 0 3 11 3 0 1 0 0 0 Koehler, -p..

North, cf...

Rounseville, cf.. 1 0 0 10 0 40 7 13 27 12 3 Totals Davis, ss 4 0 0 0 2 0 Totals.

4 7 27 10 4 3S Struck out—By Koehler 12, by Place 10. Umpires—Diehl and Whit ford.

Beloit 4, Northwestern 5

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On May 4th, a hard and interesting game was played on our dia­ mond when our team defeated the strong Beloit nine by a score of 4 to 5.

As this was the first time that we have met Beloit in athletics, our boys were somewhat afraid of their strong opponents, and when Capt. Arnold opened batting with a hit and brought in a score, which was followed by another score by Armin, the fear seemed to be justified. But when the Beloit side was down and our men up for bat. the uneasiness abated.

Three successive hits were made on Lien and one man was given a pass to first, which gave us our first score. The second inning was marked by a brilliant catch out in the field. Nieghorn again played his game when he made a dash of fifty yards and caught a man out on a foul ball.

The fourth inning was marked by the excellent pitching of Koehler, who struck out three men in succession. This inning also gave us the victory, for Kowalke brought in a score through a two base hit by Berg, Koehler brought in Zeisler and Berg, and Nieghorn brought in Koehler. Mostly due to errors, Beloit brought in their last scores. But they were unable to tie the score. In the last inning Nieghorn prevented the possibility

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of making a score by making another brilliant catch out in the field and thus ending the game. Capt. Kowalke, Berg, Zell and Zeisler doing ex­ cellent work. Capt Arnold of Beloit played a star game for the visitors, though several of his players also did excellent work.

We pass by the objections raised in respect to the umpiring. Our umpire has tried to be fair to all, but it is impossible for one man to please eighteen players and above two hundred rooters at the same time.

Beloit— AB R H PO A E Northwestern— AB R H PO A E Arnold, 2b 3 114 2 0 Nieghorn, If.... 4 0 0 6 0 0 Armin, ss & p.. 4 1 0 2 3 1 Zell, 2b..

4 10 2 10 Dunham, cf & ss 4 0 Koch,'- cf.

4 0 1 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 Gleghorn, c 3 0 0 11 0 0 Kowalke, lb..... 3 1 2 10 1 0 KHudson, If....... 3 110 0 1 Luetke, rf..

3 0 2 0 0 0 McPhail, lb 3 10 0 11 Zeisler, ss..

3 0 0 5 0 1 Raum, 3b........... 4 1 0 0 2 0 Berg, 3b...

4 1113 2 Krause, rf 4 0 1 0 0 1 Ziesemcr, c 3 0 0 G 1 2 Lien, p & cf__ 4 0 0 0 0 0 3 110 3 1 Koehler, p.

Totals 32 4 3 24 7 4 31 5 7 27 10 6 Totals Two base hits—Berg. Krause. Sacrifice hits—Luetke, Zeisler, Armin. Hit by pitched ball—Arnold, Gleghorn. Stolen bases—Arnold, Knudson 2. Struck out—By Koehler G, by Lien 5, by Armin 5. Bases on balls—Off Koehler 3, off Lien 1. Umpire—Diehl.

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—The Misses Lena and Elsie Ziebcll called on Albert Zicbell, Prep., on April 28th.

—A. Werner, Prep., spent a day at his home in Milwaukee, April 27th.

—Charles Bacrwald, ’10, officiated as sponsor at the baptism of his nephew at Hustisford on April 14th.

—The Rev. Aug. Kirchner from Lowell visited his son Herbert, TO, on May 1st.

—H. Jordan. Prep., was home at Milwaukee April 29th, to attend the funeral of his father.

—K. Toepel, ’09, and H. Markworth, TO, were entertained at the home of Mrs. Markworth of this city, April 28th.

—Mrs. Rev. A. Baebenroth and daughter Elsa from Milwaukee visited Edwin, TO, and G. Baebenroth, Prep., on April 1st.

—Herman Pankow, Prep., was home at Cambria, April 15th.

—The Rev. W. Huth of Hustisford was a visitor, April 29th.

—George Rickemann, a former member of the class of ’08, was here to witness the game between N. W. U. and Marquette, April 24th.

—William Eggert, ’07, for Chicago May 1st, on account of the illness of his sister.

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—Paul Brickmann, 09, left May 4th for Montello, where he will teach school for several months.

—John Jeske, ’10, visited his parents at Milwaukee, May 4th.

—Rudolph Ernst, ’04, was here May 4th to see the contest between Beloit and N. W. U. —Prof. J. H. Ott, Ph. D., and Rev. Prof. Arthur Hoermann, Ph. D., went to Madison, May 7th, to hear a lecture on the history of England by Prof. P. Vinogradoff, D. C. L. —The Rev. Chr. Doehler and the Rev. J. Klingmann visited recitations, May 7th.

—-The 26th of April we observed as Arbor Day. Under superintendence of the Junior class the students cleared the lawn and college park of all rubbish and waste matter and also planted several shrubs and trees.

The college park now presents an attractive appearance.

—Mr. William H. Meyne, a former student of our college, now resides in this city, after being engaged in pharmacy for eighteen years at Ely, Minn. He has bought the Schcmpf Drug Store, and will conduct it under the name Wm. H. Meyne Drug Co. The Black and Red extends its welcome and wishes him success. ^ ^ Aus dem Seminarleben.

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— Herr Rudolph Korn reiste am 11. April nach Hause in Burling­ ton, Wis. Er wird dieses Fruhjahr nicht wieder in das Seminar zuriickkehren, jedoch gedenkt er im nachsten Herbste seine Studicn wieder fortzusetzen.

— Kurz nach Ostern wurdcn den Plerren dcr erstcn Klasse die Themata fur ihre deutschen und englischen Predigtcn ubcrrcicht. Die Klassenarbeiten und die offentlichen Examina werden kurz vor Schluss des Termins gemacht werden. In der abgehenden Klasse sind dieses Jahr zehn, namlich die Herren Gustav Albrecht, Robert Ave Lallemand, Georg Deminger, Otto Engel, Wilhelm ITellbusch, F. Kosanke, F. Ractz, Martin Raascli, Martin Thurow und Louis Witte.

— Herr Pastor A. Schrodel, Prases der Minnesota Synode, besuchte am 3. Mai seinen Nefifen Herrn Paulus Weber dahier.

— Herr Martin Thurow kehrte, weil er schwer erkrankt ist, nach den Osterferien nicht zum Seminar zuruck.

— Herr Pastor L. Albrecht aus New Ulm, Minn., besuchte am 2.

Mai seinen Sohn Gustav im Seminar.

— Da unsere Herren Professoren am 2. und 3. Mai der Sitzung des Verwaltungsrates beiwohnten, wurden an den Tagen keine Vorlesungen gehalten.

— Herr Pastor T. Witt. Viceprases der Districts-Synode von Nebraska sprach am 2. Mai bei einigen Herren Studenten vor.

— Herr Rudolph Ernst reiste am 3. Mai nach Watertown, urn seinen Eltern einen Besuch abzustatten.

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CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM -8-7.

-7-4.

-5-4.

—How you like it?

—Ziegenpcter!

—The tailor has given up all hope of catching his rabbit.

—K - t - r (to Felix): “You have my unliquidated contempt.” Then Henry wrapped himself up into sarcastic silence.

—1< - k: “That sentence offends my musical ear.”

—Fat (to E. E. K.): “I saw a part of your trig examination on the board. There was a sin with a bretzel behind” (sine alpha).

—Tailor (translating acre alicno premor) : “In fremder Luft fuhle ich mich bcdriickt.”

—Prof.: “What is the opposite of egoism?”

Col.: “Yougoism.”

—Someone: “1 suppose when I get my diploma I’ll have to get a trans so that I can read the Latin on it.”

—Schm - r: "What did you prepare in your Earl of Chatham?”

P. H.: “The frontispiece.”

—Prof.: “The Greek Rhapsodists could scarcely read Homer without falling into convulsions.”

Sch - ft: “Same thing here.”

—Zibell (hearing somebody talk about bees): “I swarmed a bee hive once.”

—Prof.: “Was ist ein Feuerrohr?”

L-ge: “Einc Pfeifc.”

—Sarto: “Du preisgekrontes Ultimatum.”

—Grim is using slang expressions. He has been caught several times of late with *TdV went."

—Odium (translating parvi sunt foris arma, nisi consilium est domi) : “Die armen Kleinen sind vor der Tur, wenn kein Rat im Hause ist."

—Pete: “Zelly hired a rig to go to a party one mile out of town and lie had to go all alone.”

Scoi: “Did he go alone? I thought he had a nag along.”

—Found! A “new man” by P. H. Anybody desiring better information will please apply to him. Pie is always willing to give it and has been known to become poetic on such occasions.

—Tubby: “When Tuff ran against that tree at Milton he lost his conscience for five minutes.”

—H. Z. (translating Lignum vitae) : “Die Kunst des Lebens.”

—Keibel (hearing somebody talk about French): “Is that heavy to learn ?”

—Zisk: “Why was Hippos so nervous during the game?”

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THE BLACK AND RED

Guenther. ‘‘Because he saw somebody sally out in the field before the game.”

—Prof.: “B-g-n, are you ready (Reddy)?”

—Eulax: “Will we have to be vaccinated when we get the mumps?”

—The editors’ banquet was “illuminated” by a number of interesting speeches and readings, a few of which we shall mention. .

Schaller delivered a speech of great historical value on “The Symposiac Compotations of our Antediluvian Ancestors” which appealed very much to our imagination, but very little to our appetite.

Kowalke then read a paper on “The Conqueror of the World in Petticoats,” in which he pictured to us the pleasures of being conquered, and the various symptoms that precede the conquest. He seemed to be very much at home on the subject, though we were referred to the departing editors as sources of his knowledge.

Last but not least came the speech of our man from the wild west entitled, “Pro populo occidentis defensio.” Mr. Guenther first enumerated all the false rumors afloat about life in the west. Among others he said: “Some people who have never traveled further than by a tie pass to the next town have an idea that the west is in a stage of civilization a few thousand years behind that of our stone age. They imagine the people live in huts or contend with the prairie dogs for a dwelling. They have an idea that the west is so arid that chicken-coops are built inside out to make allowance for the warping. Women, they claim, are unknown there. Others who pretend to have seen a little more of the world concede that the west has developed a certain civilization, that the west­ erners live in adobe houses, and that they do some primitive agriculture by employing some antediluvian animal for plowing. They acknowledge that nature makes occasional attempts at raining and they even admit that occasionally an old maid, who has gone beyond the danger line, will stray into this country.

On the contrary the west is up to the east in every respect, Who says the west is arid? One day after a little shower I walked towards the village. The center of the road was completely submerged. Sud­ denly I saw a straw hat floating on the current. Presently a gust of wind blew it away, when to my surprise I discovered a farmer below it. I asked him what he was doing. He answered, ‘Oh, I’m just hauling a load of hay to town.’ How about our girls? Why during the last year the girls of South Dakota alone used 37,575 more barrels of flour in the interests of Cupid than those of any other State of the union. Not to mention their accomplishments. Therefore I say, “Vivat, crcscat, floreat occidens.”

f g;SE THE STAR SAFETYKAZOR

The Largest Assortments

of

Pocket Knives, Razors, Razor Straps, Shaving; Brushes, Sporting Goods To Be Had in the City.

Call and See Us.

D. & F. KUSEL GO. DR. E. J. HOBRMANN DEINTIST Office Hours: 8.30 to 12 A. M.—1 to 6 P. M. Evenings and Sundays by Appointment.

106 First Street Next to City Hall

Any Man Can Walk Farther think better, work harder, and rest more effective­ ly when his feet are comfortable.

Now we can fit your feet a thousand times

gagjfj- 2 lip* ,1

!

custom shoemaker could ten

years ago—and you’ll save from two to four

dollars.

t

Keith’s Conqueror shoes, made on scientific­

ally constructed lasts, have made that possible.

WM. GORDER CO.

606-608 Main St.

I

For Style, Fit and Economy Wear

Leo Ruesch’s Shoes

IS IS THE

210 MAIN STREET.

Gllli'S CORNER DRUG STORE At Main and First Sts.

Pur* Drugs and medicines Domestic and Havana Cigars Prescriptions a Specialty Your patronage respectsully so­ licited.

It mill Pay you

IT IS ONE OF THIRTY

STYLES

WE CARRY

to advertise in the BLACK and RED

No matter what you wear in col­ lars we have it in the

II. J. STUBTC

CLUPECO,

SHOE. STOR.E

SHRUNK

ARROW

309 Main St., Betwearv 3rd and 4tH.

BAUMANN’S

These are the best wearing Collars made in Troy___

HOME-MADE CANDIES

15 CIS. EACH, 2 FOR 25 CTS.

Guaranteed pure, wholesome and nutritious. We invite inspection and comparison. Our candy is made for those who know what is good. Ice cream parlor in connec­ tion. Ice cream delivered to any part of the city.

212 W. Main St.

Phone 92-x

Wegemann-Faber

I }

■ r.- >

fa ir .•:•

m

VACATION

BARGAINS #

Wo offer to the students a small box of SEA ROSE CIGARS for 83c. Rogular price $1. As the number is limited only one box goes to a student. Or­ ders may be loft at 1018 Main street or

Heiimami $ Krueger MAKERS 119 North Second Street

For the best Photos GO TO

m Ulright’s Ground floor Gallery.

REMEMBER quality remains after price is forgotten.

FIRST CLASS

Barber Shop and Bath Rooms 118 North Second St.

Radtke & Son

Geo. Zoelle, Prop.

MANUFACTURE OF

Pure Delicious Ice Cream and Candies We guarantee our goods. Pure and best in the market.

Phone 532 117 West Main St.

STALLMANN BROS. GROCERS . . . . Buchheit Block.

AUG. WIGGENHORN JEWELER 13 Main Street.

H. C. REICHERT

:

TEACHER. OF

of all kinds in Season. Good things to eat.

JOHN E. HEISMANN

FRUITS

116 Main Street.

’Phone 62.

Violin. Piano and Harmony Studio 109 Main St. Third Floor.

Above Hertel & Hoffmanns Clothing Store

li

It Stands 0\it Boldly The value in our Spring Neckwear. That’s why we make hold to say that with our now weaves in every good new pattern and color, we can fix you out with good neckwear.

We have plenty of natty four-in-hands at 25 and 50c. Our Negligee Shirts look good enough to oat. Such a variety of select patterns that you may Dick what you will; it will bo a choice selection. From §1 to §2.50.

Merle! & Hoffmann

W. D. SPROESSER & CO. JEWELERS

KE3S53S22B£i2LEIUS

PIANOS AND ORGANS 213 Main Street

i

Telephone No. 249-y WATERTOWN, WSCONSIN

I; ■ ■

. :

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NEW

FURNITURE

New furniture assumes a special prominence. If you are not satis­ fied with your furniture call on Nowack & Kohls, 610 Main street, where you will see the most complete line in the city, and the prices will surely please, as they will be found as low as the lowest. A large consurnmcnt of Couches, Rockers and Centro Tables, Dining Room Tables, Sideboards, Red Room Sets and Iron Bed Steads iii profusion in all the prevailing styles.

Undertakers, Emba-lmeas and Funeral Directors

Nowack

KoKls,

The NEW SPRING STYLES

I {

The New Method Laundry lias removed their laundry to the Watertown Steam Laundry building, No. 218 First street.

DIETER

ULLRICH

Proprietors

Read the

WATERTOWN DAILY LEADE Watertown’s Up= to=date Morning Paper. & & SEAGER’S

Rarber Shop and Hath Rooms

in YOUNG MEN’S SUITS “MORA” HATS, “GRIFFON BRAND’ SHIRTS will soon be here.

You must see them before you buy anything NEW for Spring.

SCHEMPF BROS. CO., The Big Cash Store

!

JAEDEGKE {GW DEALERS IN

Fruits, Staple and Fancy Groceries.

108 MAIN STREET

5 BaJhs for $1.00 J. C. SEAGER, Prop,

All goods delivered promptly to all parts of the city free of charge.

I

i

a i

IF YOU WANT FIRST-CLASS AND SATISFACTORY

Photos

is «

...GO TO...

Watertown Photo Co.,

WM. BUOHUEIT,

M. J. WOODARD,

President.

Vice-President.

F. H. WOODARD, Cashier.

E. J. BRANDT,

2 Vice-President.

PI OF WATERTOWft INCORPORATED MAY 1. 1864

DONNER GALLERY Special Rates made to Students.

Ben Rieck PROPRIETOR OF THE

new East End Barber $bep Gorder Block.

SPORTING GOODS HEADQUARTERS

604 Main Street WATERTOWN,

Base Ball Supplies Foot Ball Supplies Tennis Goods Croquet Sets Boxing Gloves Punching Bags

WISCONSIN

WM. G. PRITZLAFF 8 CO.

Schlueter Bros'.

MERCHANT IO CENT CIGAR AND

ARC

LEAD

5C CIGAR

THEM

ALL.

105 Main St. Watertown, Wis.

307 Main St.,

Watertown

Indian Clubs Dumb Bells Lawn Swings Hammocks Fishing Tackle Guns and Ammunition

DR. T. F. SHINNICK Dr. A. J. Schlueter DENTIST 313 Main Street Over Gruetzmacher’s Store.

Watertown, Wla.

Offce Hovers. 9 to 11 a. m. 2 to 4 and 7 to 8 p. n\.

Office 115 MAIN Phone 89-x Residence, 208 N. 5th St. Phone 273-x,

s

Phone your Drug “Ulants” tO no. 106 * « «

The August Gamm

Crockery and Glassware Co. —Dealers in—

(U. Ifleyne Drug go. the

d VoEBOBBOOIEnSI

Cole Block

Store

YOU ALL KNOW

RERRO’S WE KEEP THE BEST FRUIT IN TOWN. Tho Largest Assortment of

Uodacks and Photographic Supplies at

KNICK BROS. ii5 Third St.

Watertown, Wis.

----- TRY -------

1

Watertown, Wis.

Jos. Salick & Son THE PLACE

I

Cor. Main and N. Fourth Sts.

Main Street

I

!

Crockery Glassware Lamps Bar Goods Stone Ware Flower Pots, Etc.

Wiggenhorn Bros.

BADGER STATE or LATEST OUT CIGAR.

jewelers and Opticians Special Attention is given to testing Eyes and Fitting of Glasses.

Eyes Tested Free.

Baseball and Sporting goods i and 3 Main Street.

Watertown. Wis.

F. W. KURZWEG DEALER IN

Fine Boots, Shoes and Rubbers Please Give Us a Trial.

We Try to Give Satisfaction.

402 Main Street.

OTTO HEYN BIBLES, SONG BOOKS, CHURCH GOODS IN GENERAL. School Supplies a Specialty.

409 Main Street.

r

f

THE C. G. CONN CO. WONDER BAND ORCHESTRA AND SOLO INSTRUMENTS Are Unrivalled for TONE, TUNE ACTION, MODELS, MECHANISM, and have the Endorsement of the Great Bandmasters and Musical Artists of the world. The only Perfect Instruments made for either Professional or Amateur Players. They meet the most exacting requirements.

For Illustrated Catalogue giving description of instru­ ments, with prices and terms of payment, Address

C. G. CONN COMPANY, Elkhart, Ind. COLLEGE AND CUSS PENANTS

UIN

Made to ordor in special designs.

Prices quoted upon request.

QUIN SPORTING GOODS CO. Milwaukee. Wis.

...MAKERS OF..:

FINE ATHLETIC AND SPORTING GOODS

.5

,1

;!!

1

Felt Pennants $3 \ er doz. and up Send for free 28 page illustrated circu­ lar of Novelties for schools nud cadets including American flags, Bannersr Bolt Buckles, Military Books, Brigade Rifles, Button Holders, Clothing Hangers, Krving Pan Clocks, Cravat Pins, Cuff But­ tons, Penants, Hat Pins, Jorsevs, Sweat­ ers, 'rights, Fountain Pens. Trouser Stretchors.’Varsity Flags,Watch Fobs,etc The Pettibone Bros. Mfg. Com’y Mfg’s. of Uniforms. Military and Sceret Society Supplies, Cincinati, 0.

Special Discounts to Schools and Colleges.

Write for Catalog.

THE BESTand CHEAPEST HOUSE B?gR I uuUSTRATEp

: 1

It Stands 0\it Boldly Tho value in our Spring Neckwear. That’s why we make hold to say that with our new weaves in every good new pattern and color, we can fix you out with good neckwear.

Wo have plenty of natty four-in-hands at 25 and 50c. Our Negligee Shirts look good enough to eat. Such a variotv of select patterns that you may nick what you will; it will ho a choice selection. From $1 to $2.50.

Hertel & Hoffmann >

W. D. SPROESSER & CO. JEWELERS PIANOS AND ORGANS 1■

213 Main Street

Telephone No. 249-y WATERTOWN, WSCONSIN

!

NEW FURNITURE New furniture assumes a special prominence. If you are not satis­ fied with your furniture call on Nowack & Kohls, 010 .Main street, where you will seo the most complete line in the city, and tho prices will surely please, as they will be found as low as tho lowest. A largo consignment of Couches, Rockors-and Centro Tables, Dining Rojuu Tab'es, Sideboards, Bed Room Sets and Iron Bod Steads in profusion in all the prevailing styles.

Nowack & Kohls, J

Undertakers, Embalmeas and Funeral Directors

I

Ok Volume XI.

Watertown, Wisconsin, June, 1907.

Number 3 E

a \

LITERARY

DIE AUFGABE DER DEUTSCHEN IN AMERICA IN BEZIEIiUNG AUF HIRE MUTTERSPRACHE. Oscar Hover, 'oy.

I

(Oration.)

Obgleich die deutsclie Sprachc in unserem Landc ziemlich weit verbreitet ist und an viclcn Orten gcpflegt wird, so werden doch alle, die ihren Wert kennen, wimschen, dass sie eine noch viel weitere Anwendung finden moge. Doch steht ihrer Verbreitung ein grosses Hinderniss entgegen, denn vielen scheint ihre deutsclie Muttersprache keine besonderen Vorzuge vor anderen Sprachen zu haben, und sie nehmen deshalb auch kein Interesse an ihrer Verbreitung. Jeder deutsclie Burger sicht sicli freilich in unserem Lande gendtigt, die englische Sprache zu erlernen, da er, ohne dieselbe zu verstehen, nicht gut fortkemmen kann, aber er wi:rde sich doch nur selbst Schaden zufugen, wenn er nun seine Muttersprache als iiberflussig ansiihe und aufgabe. Er sollte sie vielmehr zu seineni und seiner Mitburger Wohl, erhalten und zu verbreiten suclien.

Als die Sprache eines energischen, lebenskraftigen Volkes hat sie iin Verkehr eine hohe Bedeutung erlangt und gewahrt schon deshalb dem. der sie versteht, manclie Vorteile, und auch ihr Wert fur die geistige Ausbildung ist zu bedeutend, als dass sie nicht in vollem Masse verdiente, studiert zu werden. Alles Grosse, was je in ihr geleistet wurde, kommt aber in erster Lienie dem Deutschen zugute, denn er ist am besten mit ihr vertraut und kann sich dalier das Gule leicht aneignen. Besonders dem Deutschen in unserem Lande erweist sie sich als wertvoll. Mit ihrer Hilfe kann er die englische Sprache besser verstehen lemen und in Verbindung mit der englischen wird es ihm moglich in seine eigene Sprache tiefer einzudringen.

Was er aus den Schriften einer jeden sich aneignet, wird sich gegenseitig erganzen und vervollstandigen, so dass seine Kenntnisse weiter und tiefer werden.

Doch dem Deutschen wird die englische Sprache nie so vertraut wer­ den, und nie wird er sie so lieb gewinnen konnen als seine Muttersprache, und dies sollte ihn auch dazu bewegen, an ihr festzuhalten. In ihr hat er zuerst reden gelernt, mit ihr ist er aufgewachsen und an sie knupfen sich seine liebsten Erinnerungen.

Wohl mag ihm eine andere Sprache fur den alltaglichen Verkehr

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THE BLACK AND RED

geniigen, und er mag auch ihre Schonheiten und ihren Wert zu wiirdigen wissen, aber will er sich mit Innigkeit und Herzlichkeit ausdriicken, will er aussprechen, was er am tiefsten empfindet, so ersetzt ihm nichts seine deutsche Muttersprache. Treffend sagt ein Dichter:â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Ueberall weht Gottcs Iiauch, Heilig ist wohl mancher Branch.

Aber soli ich beten, danken, Gebâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; ich meine Liebc kund, Meine seligsten Gedanken, Sprech ich wie der Mutter Mund.

Aber Christen sollten ihre deutsche Muttersprache noch besonders lieb scin wegen der Bibel, wie Luther sie ihnen gegchcn hat. In keinem anderen Buche tritt ihre Schonheit so zu Tage, und wird sie so meisterhaft dargestellt. Kein anderes Buch ergreift so das Gemiit und redet so zum Ilerzcn des Deutschen. Daher sollte er diese Sprache als ein hohes Gut schatzen und bewahren.

Und nicht nur fur die Deutschen in unserem Lande, sondern auch fur unser Volk als Ganzcs bringt die deutsche Sprache vicle Vorteilc. Wiirde sie weiter verbreitet, so ware zu erhoffen, dass dadurch ein bcsscrcs Vcrstandniss zwischen Amerikanern und Deutschen herbeigefiihrt werdc. Gegenwartig herrschen noch viele Missverstandnisse zwischen den beiden Volkern. Wenn es auch auf jeder Seite Leute gibt, die die guten Seilen der anderen Nation kennen und zu schatzen wissen, so scheint doch hei den Deutschen im allgemeinen die Ansicht zu geltcn, dass die Amerikaner selbstsiichtig und ohne alle ideale Gesinnung scion, und hierzulande ist der Glaube weit verbreitet, dass den Deutschen jeder Freiheitssinn fehle. Eine weitere Verberitung der deutschen Sprache wiirde ohne Zweifel viol dazu beitragen, dass beide Volker, die doch so lebenskriiftig und in vieler Hinsicht einander sehr ahnlich sind, in nahere Beziehung zu einander traten und einander besser verstehen und achten lernten.

Aber von noch grosserem Werte ware dor Einfiuss der deutschen Kultur, der sich bei weiterer Pflege der deutschen Sprache geltend machen wiirde. Wahrend die Deutschen es in der Kunst zu einem hohem Grade von Vollkommenheit gebracht haben, ist sie in unserem Lande noch nicht so ausgebildet, wie es ja auch bei einer so jungen Nation, wie die unsrige nicht anders zu erwarten ist. Deutsche Kunst kann also wohl als Muster und Vorbild dienen, an dem sich die Kunst auch hierzulande bilden konnte.

Ferner sind gerade unsere deutschen Burger am besten imstande, das Studium der Wissenschaft zu befdrdern. Geger.uber ihren Mitburgcrn haben sie den Vorteil, dass sie von Jugend auf zwei Sprachen lernen, zuerst ihre Muttersprache und dann die englische Landessprache. Nun haben sie mit ihrer Muttersprache auch die Schatze der Bildung, die sie gewahrt, gewissermassen ererbt und konnen diese sich auch leicht zueignen. Da sie aber auch mit der englischen Sprache wohl vertraut sind, so konnen sie diese Schatze deutscher Bildung auch in dieser Sprache verbreiten und auf die Weise viel zum Wohle des Landes beitragen.

Ja auch fur das Christentum konnten wir eine Forderung von cincr

I

THE BLACK AND RED

63

weiteren Verbreitung der deutschen Sprache erhoffen. Die Tiefe des Gcmiits, die Luther in seiner Bibeliibersetzung gezeigt hat, seine herzlichc, ergreifende Sprache durfte wohl manchem sein Christentum teurer werden lassen, und durfte wohl manchem erst offenbaren, wie hcrrlich doch sein Christenglaube ist. Die deutsche Sprache ist daher Sorge und Pflcge, die auf sie verwcndet werden kann. who! wert, und unsere Deutschen sollten sie eifrig pflcgen, damit sie auch in unscrem Lande diene, zur Forderung weltlichen Wissens und zur Verbreitung von Gottes Ehre. *4*4 Virginians in Enriy United States History.

V

Fred Stern, ’07 (Oration).

It is but a few weeks ago when, on the twenty-sixth of April, in the state of Virginia, the Jamestown exposition was opened. This exposition marks an incident in the history of our county that deserves to be cele­ brated not only by the inhabitants of Virginia, but by our whole nation.

Three hundred years have elapsed since the first permanent English settlement was founded in the United States, and with pride we may look back to our early history.

Great was the importance of Virginia in our colonial age. We readily recall the great service of the Virginia militia in Braddock's campaign and in the French and English war, the prominent part which Virginia played in the struggle of the revolution, which closed on her soil by the capture of Yorktown and Cornwallis. It was Virginia who proposed the declaration of independence of the colonies. It was also that southern state that brought forth men whose names will be im­ mortal in the memory of our American people. No other state, besides Massachusetts, has given us in our colonial time so many leaders as Virginia. She has furnished us with presidents, four out of the first five; with vice presidents, secretaries of state, secretaries of war. attor neys general; with men who filled every important office of the govern­ ment. All were highly talented, men of progress. There was, indeed, a dash of chivalry, frankness, and generosity about the true blooded Vir­ ginian which made his leadership irresistible. A Madison, a Monroe, a Marshall, a Jefferson, and many others were men of marked ability; and then there is Washington, a man whose name will never cease to send a thrill to the heart of every American who knows how to value nobility of character and unselfish patriotism.

Looking thus through the history of early Virginia, we find many of the leading men of the union to come from the southern state, and our thoughts are at once directed towards the ancestry and development of this people. Why was it that Virginia furnished the country with such prominent statesmen and leaders?

It has already been stated that the bravery, ingenuousness, and gen­ erosity of the early Virginians made their leadership irresistible. How­ ever, this cannot be the only cause. Virginia was in the middle of the 9 i

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THE BLACK AND RED

seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, although the politics of her most enlightened sons were rather liberal, essentially aristocratic. This was partly due to the economic conditions under which the colony was estab­ lished, partly to the enervating climate and spontaneous fertility of the land, which tempted those who could afford it to leave the work to others and devote their time to public affairs, and partly, of course, to the long continuance of slavery. The state was colonized by gentlemen ; blood and pedigree always played an important part in her affairs; then there were entails and family settlements as in England; few, if any, of her illustrious sons were born poor, and not one of them was of mean extraction. It was these immigrants that gave us the cavaliers or royalist families of Virginia.

The great cavalier exodus began with Charle I’s execution in 1649 and probably slackened after 1660. Before 1649 Virginia was puritanic, but it seems probable that, as the country party in England came more and more under the control of puritanism, and as puritanism grew rather radical in temper, the reaction toward the royalist side grew very pronounced in Virginia. Puritans left and their places were filled by devoted cavaliers. And with the arrival of these aristocratic families may be dated the ascendancy of Virginia.

Pedigrees of men always played an important part in the affairs of these cavaliers, and this can easily be comprehended if we consider the results achieved by these great men, for by no possible ingenuity of con­ stitution-making or of legislation can a society made up of ruffians and boors be raised to the intellectual and moral level of a society made up of well-bred officers and gentlemen, parsons and lawyers. One might as well expect to see a dray horse win the trophy. (With great pride the aristocratic families traced their ancestry.) Washington’s pedigree goes back to a distinguished family in the fifteenth century under Henry VI. General Charles Lee is described as an enterprising genius, a roundhead, vigorous spirit, and generous nature, qualities that may be recog­ nized in many of his famous ancestors, who go back as far as the thir­ teenth century.

There can be little doubt that these cavaliers were the men who made the greatness of Virginia; that to them it is due that her history represents ideas and enshrines events which mankind will constantly ad­ mire. It is always likely to be the case that men who leave their country for reasons connected with conscience and principles, men who have once consecrated themselves to a cause, are picked men for ability and character. They are always likely to exert upon a community which they enter an influence immeasurably greater than a number taken at random. This was the very case with the cavaliers. They had come to find freedom of self-government and religion. Hence the government of Virginia began early to control itself. The supreme power lay in the hands of these aristocratic families. The white servants, freedmen, and the negro slaves had little or nothing to say. The combined customs of

THE BLACK AND RED

65

primogeniture and the entail upheld the aristocracy, and slavery and the large servile class of whites served to affix a stigma upon manual labor. The country squires spent their time in superintending their estates and in devoting themselves to politics. The Virginia planter meant that his government should be one of laws, and his achievements in legal learning and acumen were something remarkable. This was doubtless due to the necessarily close connection between their legal and political activity.

The government of Virginia did not rest on townships like those of the northern colonies. The distances between the great plantations and the distinction of the different classes absolutely prevented the growth of town meetings. It was more of an oligarchic than democratic govern­ ment. Nevertheless it was more or less through this form of govern­ ment that Virginia produced such sagacious politicians and leaders.

The vestry, which exercised the chief authority in the parish, was composed of twelve members. These were originally chosen by the people of the parish; but, after the middle of the seventeenth century, they obtained the power of filling vacancies in their own number, so that they became what may be called a close corporation. Their power con­ sisted in assigning the parish taxes, appointing church wardens, present­ ing the minister for induction into office, and acting as overseers of the poor.

The main governmental machinery was in the county. As the political life of New England was built out of the towns, so was it made up in Virginia out of the political life of the counties. The fact that the large plantations were not grouped about a nucleus like the small farms in New England and that the church was not a governing body, brought about county government. Its duties mainly consisted in ad­ ministering justice. The court, constituted of eight members and holding monthly sessions, was appointed by the governor, but it was customary for the aristocratic circle to appoint its own candidates, from which the governor was to select, so that practically the court filled its own va­ cancies, and was, like the parish vestry, a close corporation.

An arrangement of this kind tended to keep the general supervision and control of public affairs in the hands of a few families. Another example of such a close corporation, so to say, was the election of the sheriff, who was the officer for executing the judgment of the court. He was also county treasurer and collector and presided over the elections for representatives to the legislature. Each year the court presented the names of three of its members to the governor, who generally .appointed the senior justice as sheriff. By this method the county court kept the control and election within its own hands.

Thus the magistrates of Virginia, although nominally appointed by the governor, in reality contrived to appoint themselves, filled their own vacancies, and were self-perpetuating. The same men always held public positions, were constantly practiced and drilled in political affairs, and

G6

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widened1 their scope of governing immensely. Furthermore, the per­ petual antagonism to the governor, who represented British imperial interests, was an excellent schooling in political liberty for these perma­ nent office holders. Virginia’s system, concentrating the administration of local affairs in the hands of a few county families, was eminently favorable for developing skillful and vigorous leadership, and it was by this system that Virginia in her-early history gave us such prominent leaders and statesmen as George Washington, John Marshall, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, to say nothing of the Lees, Randolphs, Pen­ dletons, Whyte, Mason, and the rest. And it cannot be denied that she deserves'a position not only in the history of the United States, but in that-of the English race and' of the. world. In the arduous work of secur­ ing the independence and providing for the future stability of the Ameri­ can union her part was second to none. ;. #s # # * INWIEEERN HAT DIE NOT EINEN GUTEN EINFLUSS AUFD1E GEISTIGE UND SITTLTCHE ENTWICKELUNG DES MENSCHEN? •‘V

Heinrich Geiger, ’07..

Die Wirkuhg der Not diirfte man wolil mit der Wirkung des Feuers t-uf das Gold vergleichen. Wie riamlich das Feuer die Echtheit des Goldes priift, so priift auch die Not den Geist und den Widen des Menschen. Und wie das Gold vom Feuer gelautert wird, so wird auch der Mcnsch von der Not zum Guten getrieben. Es gibt allerdings auch Fade, wo das Gegenteil statthat. Doch die s'ollen hier nicht besoiiders in Envagung gezogen werden. ; Vor allem wird in der Not der Ernst des Lebens erkannt. Es gilt dies sowohl von deni, dcr durch sie in Not geriit, als auch von dem, der durch sie aufbrut. Denn welcher Kranke wiisste nicht, was es heissc, Tage, Woclien odcr Jahre hindurch Schmerzen ertragen, von dcr Bewcgung im Freien abgeschlossen sein,- dem freudigen Umgang mit Frcunden und Bekannten'entsagen zu raussen? Wo ware jemand, der nicht wiisste, wie crfreulich und erquickend es fur einen Kranken ist, dass doch einige Freunde ihm treu bleiben und ihn in seiner Triibsal besuchen und trosten? : Ebenso sieht der Arme die emsthafte Seite des Lebens. Er lernt den Wert des Geldes kennen, wenn er durch schwere Arbeit kaum soviel verdient, dass er sich und die Seinigen versorgen kann. Nur das Allernotwendigste^k'aniv ;er sich verschaffen. Fur ihn hat sein geringes Einkommcn einen viel grosseren Wert als fur den Reichen alles Geld, das er fiir sein Vergunugen ausgibt. Oder denken wir an Kriegsnot. Wie schwer wird sie'vofn Volke empfunden und besonders von den einzelnen Lenten, die daditreh grosse' Verlflste erl'eider. ?

•Durch die Not lernen wir auch, die Zeit gut anzuwenden. Wenn wir in unsrer Kindheit im Elternhause grosse-Strenge erfahren und zur Arbeit

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angehalten werden, dann lernen wir, obwohl zuweilen mit viel Miihe und Verdruss, die Zeit gut zu benutzen. Wir lernen, fleissig zu sein und mit Lust zu arbeiten. Und es gereicht tins nach und nach zur Freude, wenn wir sehen, dass es uns gelingt.

Wenn ein Feldherr mit seinem Heer gegen den Feind zieht, sucht er, seine Vorkehrungen so rasch als moglich zu treffen und den Feind,im giinstigen Augenblick anzugreifen. Dabei lernt er, seinen Geist aufs scharfste anzustrengen, indem er seine Lage rasch uberblickt und sich schnell zur Tat entschliesst. Dcnn es konnte vcrhangnissvoll fur ihn werden, wenn er Zeit verlieren wurde.

Alknahlig werden wir aucli vorsichtig und suchen, die Not zu meiden.

Wir lernen die Veranlassungen, die zur Not fiihren, kennen. Gelingt es uns, dicsen aus dem Wege zu gehen, so bleiben wir auch von den Folgen verschont. So konnen wir uns oft vor Krankheit, Armut, Schande oder sonstigcn Ungliick bewahren. Es ist nicht cinmal notig, dass wir selbst in Not sind. Es geniigt zuweilen, wenn wir sehen, wie sehr die Not von andern empfunden wird. Wenn jemand in Armut, Krankheit, Zwistigkcit oder Feindschaft gerat oder Arbeit und Verdienst verliert, dann konnen wir cine Lehrc darausziehen und das, was ihn in cine solche Lage gebracht hat, meiden. Gar oft kommt es vor, dass ein Hausvater sich dem Trunke hingibt und seinen Verdienst dabei durchbringt, infolge dessen die Seinigen dann Not leiden mussen. Ja es tritt gewohnlich noch etwas Schlimmeres ein. der hausliche Friede wird gestort. Solche Zustande konnen uns zur Warnung dienen, so dass wir imstande sind, der Not zu entgehen.

Oft merkcti wir, dass Leute, die in glucklichen Verhaltnissen stehen, in Stolz und Ucbernuit geraten. Sie kleiden sich herrlich und suchen hauptsachlich Freuden und Vergniigungen. Ihre Mitmenschen verachten sie, weil sie nicht gleichen Ranges sind oder den Vergniigen nicht nachjagen. Dagegcn wcr sich in Not befindet, ist vor allem bemiiht, sich aus der Not herauszuarbeiten. Er fuhlt sich auch durch seine Lage gedemutigt und niedergedriickt. Er sieht seine Schwachen und fuhlt sein Unvermogen. Er wagt es daher nicht, andern gegeniiber sich zu briisten.

Die schonsten Friichte aber, die aus der Not fliessen, sind Zufriedenlieit und Geduld. Leute, die mit viel Not und Triibsal heimgesucht werden, lernen sie, wenn auch nur allmahlig, mit Zufriedenheit und Geduld tragen.

Denn sie sehen, je geduldiger sie sich in ihre Lage schicken, desto leichter erscheint sie ihnen. Ja dem Christen ist es sogar ein grosser Trost, dass er durch die Not von vielen Sunden abgehalten wird. Es ist in der Tat fur ihn die Not ein grosseres Gluck als der Wohlstand. Er kann viel leichter seinem Ziel, der wahren Zufriedenheit in Gott, entgegengehen.

Tun wir nun einen Blick in die Weltgeschichte, so ist es klar, dass die meisten grossen Manner aus der Not hervorgegangen sind und mit vielen Schwierigkeiten zu kampfen hatten. Friedrich der Grosse war ein solcher. Von seinem Vater wurde er mit grosser Strenge behandelt. Und wahrend seiner Regierung musste er noch viel mehr Not durchmachen.

Ebenso ging es Luther, dem grossen Reformator der. Welt. Schon in seinem Elternhause wurde er sehr streng auferzogen, ja so streng, dass

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er sogar das Zutrauen zu seinen Eltern eine Zeitlang verlor. Durch diese Strenge aber wurde sein Gewissen so selir gescharft, dass er spater oft wegen geringer Vergehen, grosse Seelenangst auszustehen hatte. Daher kam es aucli, dass er sich entschloss, ins Kloster zu gehen, damit er durch Beten und Fasten und heiligen Wandel Ruhe for seine Seele finden konnte.

Freilich gelang es ilirn nicht, bis er endlich die Bibel zur Hand nahm und daraus den wahren Trost schopfte. Dann fing er an, sich verdient zu maclien, einerseits um die deutsclie Sprache, anderseits uni die Religion, indem er die Heilige Schrift wieder auf den Leuchter stellte.

Wenn wir nun bedenken, dass der Einfluss der Not auf die Entwickelung des Menschen meistenteils giinstig ist, dann erkennen wir, dass wir gar nicht sehr berechtigt sind, iiber die Not zu klagen. Deshalb wollen wir doch wohigemut sein, wenn wir auch nicht in solch angenelimen Verhaltnissen stehen oder zu stehen glauben, wie andere Leute.

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Esperanto.

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John Kuck, "09.

Time and again the attempt has been made to produce an interna­ tional language and many suggestions as to such a language have fre­ quently been "offered by great men like Descartes, Leibnitz, Locke, and many others, who felt the need of such a language and who knew that no man can speak all the languages that would be required to pass convcnietly through life.

Only conservative people seem to be prejudiced when taking up something new or even hearing of new inventions or discoveries. They merely say, “It is impossible,” and think that they have done with the innovation. Those people are apparently not aware of the fact: that they live in an age where almost everything is possible: they don’t know the Great Captain’s words, “Impossible is the adjective of fools.” We live in an enlightened age. The twentieth century will surpass all former cen­ turies in discoveries and inventions. If so many things are possible, why then should so important a thing as an international language be impossible? If great men like Max Muller, the celebrated English linguist, the well known Count Tolstoi, the famous chemist and physicis1 Ostwald were and are in favor of an international language, why should the layman protest against it? We are undoubtedly in'need of a lan­ guage that may be spoken and understood by nearly everyone.

In the latter part of the nineteenth century it was Volapiik that fur­ nished ample material for conversation and whose failure may be ascribed to the difficulty which that language was laboring under.

At present it is Esperanto^ a language created by Dr. Zamenhof, a Russian physician. This new international language surpasses all for­ mer attempts and was well received, first in Russia, Norway and Sweden, then in France.. Its progress has been remarkable. The complicated state of affairs in modern travel and in international correspondence.

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as well as in conversation, involuntarily calls for a revolution in languages. All these and similar inconveniences would be removed if this . new international language would be accepted—would become the com­ mon property of the world.

Esperanto, as may be imagined, is a synthetic language and comprises as such not so large a number of roots as analytic languages like French. English, or even German. The vocabulary of Esperanto offers no difficulty whatever, because only such words are to be found in its dictionary whose roots exist in most languages. To these roots prefixes or suffixes or added. Particles, which in proportion to the other words are comparatively few, arc taken arbitrarily from all lan­ guages in order to make the task equally difficult to the different na­ tionalities.

As to the spelling, it is phonetic and sounds peculiar to one language arc eliminated. Only sounds that are found in all the languages are used in Esperanto.

To show how easy it is to learn Esperanto, I shall add that there are only sixteen grammatical rules without exceptions in this new inter­ national language. The nouns all end in o, the adjectives in a. the verbs in i, and the adverbs in e. The present tense is determined by adding the suffix “as” to the root of the verb, the past tense by adding “is,” etc.

These rules are strictly observed in each and every case and this it is what makes the language comparatively easy.

As to the necessity of such a language, Dr. Zamenhof writes in his “Making of an International Language”: “How much time and labor do we spend in learning foreign tongues, and yet when traveling in foreign countries we are, as a rule, unable to converse with for­ eigners in their language. How much time, labor, and money are wasted in translating the literary productions of one nation into the language of another, and yet, if we rely on translations alone, we can became acquainted with but a tithe of foreign literature.”

Books either translated into or written in Esperanto may be read with equal facility in any part of the world—in New York as well as Pekin, in Tokio as well as in St. Petersburg.

This international language would greatly reduce the cost of books.

The common people would have more of an opportunity to read the im­ mortal works of great men. They would not be given as much to light literature if for the same consideration they could procure books with a little more serious contents, which would employ their thoughts and turn them to the serious questions of life—show them that “life is not an empty dream.”

Owing to the fact that Esperanto is a language mastered with mod­ erate difficulty, it is making rapid progress. Books and papers are writ­ ten and being published in Esperanto, translated from twenty odd lan­ guages. In many schools it has been included in the course of study.

This language is not a language only for certain purposes. “For

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oratory, for poetry, for disputations, for music, for merriment, for flirta­ tion, Esperanto was put to proof and found not to be wanting.” As a proof that all thoughts may be expressed in Esperanto, Dr. Zamenhof himself has translated" Hamlet,” the author of which, as everyone knows, is said to have had a range of about fifteen thousand words. In addition to this, he translated one of Dickens’ novels. One of his dis­ ciples put Euclid’s Geometry into Esperanto. Another translated Dante’s "Divine Comedy,” and it is said of this translation that it is the best and most acurate translation of the "Divine Comedy” ever published.

Esperanto societies exist at present in almost all large cities of the world, and new ones are constantly being organized. France is at the head of the Esperanto movement with over six hundred thousand Esperantists. Their main society is at Paris, where their papers and journals are published under the supervision of M. de Beaufort. Other large societies are at London, St. Petersburg, and New York. ^

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An Odd Phenomenon.

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One of the most remarkable phenomena of modern times is the for­ mation of a great inland sea in southern California, the so-called Salton Sea. Its formation was purely accidental. A land company began, in 1900, a series of attempts to divert a part of the waters of the Colorado River into the Imperial Valley of southern California for irrigation purposes. Finally, in 1904, a channel was successfully cut, but before the controlling gates could be put into place, a cloud-burst occurred near the headwaters of one of the tributary streams, and an immense volume of water poured though the intake, and, brushing aside every obstruc­ tion, rushed forth into the low-lying valley beyond. For a hundred miles it continued in its mad career, cutting its path through farms and through flourishing villages, destroying highways and railroads, and, after literally swallowing up everything within its reach, finally gathering in the lowest part of the valley and forming the Salton Sea. The Southern Pacific Railway Co. at once took steps to force the river back into its proper channel. Attempt after attempt was made, but without success. Finally, in August 1906, enormous preparations were made for another struggle with the unruly monster. After a herculean effort the river was forced to empty its waters into the Gulf of California again. Other breaks, however, have since occurred and several millions of dollars have already been spent to keep the river in its channel.

But the most remarkable thing remains yet to be told. During the past two years, or since Salton Sea has existed, a large area of the South-

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west, which has hitherto been little more than a desert, has been having an unprecedented amount of rain. Even Death Valley, which has always been known as one of the dryest and hottest spots on the face of the globe, has recently had a heavy fall of snow. This unusual amount of rain has been productive of bounteous harvests in regions hitherto in­ capable of cultivation without the aid of irrigation. Whether this new state of affairs is due to the existence of Salton Sea has not yet been conclusively proved, but in the absence of scientific investigation one can hardly doubt that a relation does exist. Governors of states, commercial clubs, and private individuals have petitioned the President that the lake be allowed to remain. When one considers that it already occupies an area equal to more than one third the size of Lake Erie, and that the cli­ matic conditions of an area as great as the combined area of all the states east of the Mississippi are affected, one will readily perceive the signifi­ cance of the formation of this great inland sea and its relation to the —E. M. development of the great Southwest.

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Published monthly by the students of the Northwestern University. imkW.tsvTa min

EDITORIAL STAFF. EDITOR-IN CHIEF

EDGAR GUENTHER, >oS BUSINESS MANAGERS.

BUSINESS MANAGER ASS’T. BUSINESS MANAGER

ERWIN E. KOWALKE, ’o8 SIGMUND PROBST,, ’09 DEPARTMENT EDITORS.

. .

ATHLETIC EDITOR COLLEGE NOTES EXCHANGE EDITOR LOCAL EDITOR CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

MARTIN J. WAGNER,’08 JOHN E. SCHAEFER, ’08 EDGAR W. MELZER, >09 MARTIN SCHUMACHER, ’io ALEXANDER P. SITZ, ’09

Contributions to the Literary Department are requested from alumni and undergraduates.

All literary matter should be addressed to the Editor-in-Chiel and all business communications to the Business manager. ,, . , ...

The terms of subscription arc 75 cents per annum, payable in advance. Single copies, 10 cents Stamp s not accepted in payment. Notify us if you wish your address changed or your paper discont inued The Black and Red is forwarded to all subscribers until order for its discontinuation is received and until all arrearages are paid.

Entered at the Postoffice of Watertown, Wis., as second-class matter. v.'tuuiitys.a iwwmi,rj.tMWig«waniTn

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Yet a few more days and our school year will have drawn to a close. Yet a few more days and the horde of jolly boys whom chance has thrown together will have dispersed; the halls, whose walls still reverberate with the sounds of' active life, will be empty and deserted; and the campus, which has been the scene of so many joyful as well as exciting gatherings, will serve as a place of repose for bossy and her kin. We consider it ex­ cusable, therefore, if we be a trifle contemplative, and but pertinent if we cast a final retrospect over the expansive panorama of our year's work.

In spite of the numerous epidemics which have hampered us in our work throughout the year, we feel justified in asserting that the scholar­ ship in general has been as high, aye. even higher, than immediately here­ tofore. Perhaps this is due to the fact that students and instructors, being alike aware of the time they were being deprived of by circum­ stances over which they had no control, redoubled their efforts in order to accomplish that which had been outlined for them. Or perhaps it is a revival of that old Northwestern sense of honor and duty of which college tradition tells us so much.

A Final Retrospect.

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EDITORIAL

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From this it must not be assumed, however, that conditions at our institution arc already bordering on the ideal. Utopia has not been and never will be realized as long as mortals are fallible. Since every com­ munity has its incorrigibles, there may also be a limited number found in our midst who, perhaps owing to the fact that they have no ambition, no aim in life, are content to idle away their time or to find a diversion in harrassing their superiors. These are the ones who are, as a rule, accountable for the absence of panes in doors and windows, who in the dining room must abuse the maxim, “A good laugh is the best sauce,” and who must incessantly whistle and stampede along the hallways when the inspector is out of hearing. Yet these are few, and, bearing in mind that they are to be found in every branch of society ,but that they are apparently becoming less amongst us, we have no cause to be ashamed of our standing, be it intellectual or moral.

But progress has not been restricted to class-work alone. Though music forms no part of our regular course, its study has not been neglected. The pianos arc all in use, violins can be counted by the dozen, and the various musical organizations, whose existence we have grown to regard as well nigh indispensable, have never enjoyed a larger membership. No less have been our successes on diamond and gridiron, but, on the contrary, so marked that there arc those who, being by nature conservative and opposed to evething “up-to-date,” arc desirous of curb­ ing athletics at our institution on the plea that the allotted time is too short for students to be up in class-work as well as in athletics. This at first appears plausible, but it must be borne in mind that the exercise obtained on the campus is absolutely necessary for the preservation of the proverbial “mens sana in corpore sano,” while the occasional inter­ collegiate contest is but an additional stumulus to the participants to increase their powers of strength and endurance. An organization hav­ ing similar aims is the military company, which, under a corps of able leaders, has attained a high standard of efficiency and perfection. For this reason it is to be deplored that the number of those wearing uni­ forms is sadly out of proportion to the total enrollment of the student body, and, considering the amount of physical training which a member­ ship insures, we should consider it no injustice, but a benefit to the students, if provision were made requiring all students, from “Sexta” to “Quarta,” inclusive, to join.

To accommodate a larger company, however, other facilities are necessary. The creaking, weather-beaten structure which a former gen­ eration of students erected by personal contributions, and which they were proud to call gymnasium, is no longer adequate. It is becoming too small for drilling purposes, and our “Turnverein” is staggering under the expenditures for putty to fill up the cracks and crevices. Yes, we have even been totally deprived of its use after the board of health de­ cided to turn a portion of it into a hospital! Does this not incidentally bring to light another necessity? Is not a little hospital an essential

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structure on the grounds of a well organized boarding school? Let us hope that “gymnasium and hospital” will be the cry of all supporters of old Northwestern. May the necessity appeal to their sense of loyalty as well as to their purses, so that we, on our return, can have the pleasure of recreation in a new hall, undisturbed by Jack Frost or the threats of Boreas, and that those of us whose fate it should be to grow ill may convalesce in the spacious and congenial apartments of a new hospital. ' :

During the past half year we have in a certain degree succeeded in exterminating an evil which ought to have been interfered with long before—the use of to­ bacco by the younger students, especially those below eighteen. The rule in our“Hausordnung”has ever been that no one is permitted to smoke who has not attained the age of eighteen, and then only with the consent of the parents. But as it is a sheer impossibility for the inspector to enforce a rule of this nature, the Seniors and Juniors have kindly taken the enforcement of this rule in their hands. Hitherto they have suc­ ceeded in a remarkable manner and if their steps of procedure continue to be as effective as they are at present, this evil will in time be done away with altogether.

Some opposition has been met with in the enforcement of this rule against those members of the upper classes still below eighteen. But a little reasoning must needs do away with this opposition. We cer­ tainly expect a higher classman to live more in conformity with a rule of this kind than a lower classman. Therefore, we expect of such a person that he not only obey the rules, but also help enforce them.

As the effects of tobacco upon a young person are universally known, it is not necessary to state why it is extremely necessary to en­ force this rule.

Smoking.

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Several weeks before the last examinations are over and the last articles are hurriedly thrown into the trunks, most students begin to make plans for their vacation. The one makes a note of the ways in which lie can get the most enjoyment out of the ten weeks of vacation, the other thinks of the hot summer days on the farm or possibly of some position in which he can gain a few hard-earned dollars to help him along in the next college year. But, spend his vacation as he may, each student tells on his return of the fine time he had and how hugely he enjoyed each week.

But it is also noticeable that each and every one is very glad to get back to old friends and to the old familiar place. Since "matters of taste are not to be argued over, one cannot say who derives the most pleasure out of his vacation. But true it is that the young man who spends the greater part of hjs time at some manual labor, neither too Spending the Vacation

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hard nor too easy, and then takes a week or two before the beginning of the new semester to rest or to take a little pleasure trip, returns to his books with a greater zest for study and with greater energy than the one who idled away the tedious days or perhaps studied some branch of his work that he had neglected the past year. After one has worked hard at some manual labor during the summer, the return to mathe­ matics, Greek and Latin is an agreeable change, and, moreover, the body is strengthened, brain and eyes are thoroughly rested, and one has the satisfaction of knowing that he has done something worth while.

The student who works during vacation has not the lazy, morbid feeling of the idler on his return nor the longing of the camper and traveler for more of the excessive pleasure and excitement of the past weeks. He begins his studies with new energy and with a clear, active mind. He enjoys his work the more, since it is a change, not from idleness to work, but from one form of activity to another.

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COLLEGE NOTES Northwestern Day. On the 30th of May our institution successfully celebrated its second annual Northwestern Day. A committee from Milwaukee, with the Rev. H. Ebert as chairman, had made the necessary arrangements for the visitors. As the weather was fair, a large number of friends came from the parishes in the vicinity, but especially from Milwaukee, from where excursion rates had been secured. The excursionists, who came on the 10:15 train, were received at the Northwestern depot by th reception committee, the military company and band and escorted to the college grounds, where the following program was rendered:

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............................................. By N. W. U. Band “Golden Rod” March....................

By the Choir of Milwaukee Male Teachers “Das dcutsche Lied”...................... ........ By Prof. A. F. Ernest, Pres. N. W. U. Greeting and Welcome Address “Krieger’s Nachtlied"............................. ........ By the Choir of Milwaukee Teachers Main Address, “Examples of Patriotism” .... By Rev. Gausewitz of Milwaukee By the Choir of Milwaukee Teachers “My Old Kentucky Home”................ .

Overture, “The Umpire”................................ ..................................By N. W. U. Band

For the afternoon a baseball game with the Seminary nine had been arranged, who had also come with the excursion train. This game ended with the close score of 1 to 0 in favor of the locals (details will be found in the athletic column). Then followed the sham battle be­ tween the Northwestern regulars and the Indians. This was perhaps the main feature of the day and by many it was considered the best ex­ hibition of its kind that was given on Northwestern’s campus for many years. The guests departed soon after supper.

By Northwestern Day, Commencement Day has to some extent

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been deprived of some of its former features, but surely nothing of its importance. For various reasons the creation of this day was found appropriate. May Northwestern Day, which is still in its infancy, ever grow in importance and serve to bring about truer relations with friends of the institution.

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Our Band.

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By nature of its office and by virtue of its accomplishments this organization has become to the institution what it is. It is a necessity for the military company. It is required to play at the baseball and football games. It furnishes the music at the festivities that take place at our institution, but often it is als invited to one of the neighboring towns for the same purpose. It is justly a pride of our institution.

Although it sustained the loss of several of its best members, suc­ cessors, who were in every respect competent and worthy of the con­ fidence placed in them, were soon found. Consistent with its policy to invest all proceeds in purchasing new instruments, it this yem added a new trombone and a B fiat bass, which it so far did not possess, to the list. Several repairs were also found necessary. The band, however, was unable to defray all these expenses and was obliged to look for help.

It soon found a willing and bounteous hand with the students.

The band at present numbers 25 members, Mr. P. Horn being presi­ dent, Mr. G. Westerhaus vice president, and Mr. E. Guenther secretary and treasurer. The band will probably not suffer a serious loss in membership, as only two of the present seniors are members and all the others will very likely return. This is very fortunate; it will not require, as is often the case, the experiment and patience with novices in the more important sections. There also seems to be a growing ap­ preciation for band music—a good many practicing privately who in­ tend to join as soon as they are able—so "that it perhaps may soon enjoy even a larger membership.

Under Prof. C. Bolle, who has again favored the members with his directorship, the band has made good progress during the year. Many new marches and overtures were practiced. Especial pains were taken in bringing about a good rendering of the difficult selection of “Freischiitz.” Jointly with the orchestra, on Friday evening, the 10th of May, the band successfully gave its 7th annual concert in the local Turner Opera House.

The program was as follows: 1. a) "Fruehlingslied” March....... ....... F. H. T.osey b) Selection from “Freischuetz” C. M. von Weber N. W. U. Band, Prof. C. Bolle, Director.

2. “Traumbilder” ,TT. C. Lumbye N. W. U. Orchestra, Prof. A. Kuhn, Director.

3. “Konzertino” .Leopold Jansa Adalbert Schaller.

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Vocal Quartette “Sailor’s Chorus”........................................................... Parry Prof. C. Bolle, G. Westerhaus, H. Anger, P. Zeisler.

“Semourian Polka”.......................................................................Cl. Strassberger Paul Horn.

Brass Quartette “Auld Lang Syne”...............................................P. J. Beaton P. Horn, M. Wagner, C. Oerding, G. Westerhaus.

C. M. von Weber “Oberon" A. Schaller, L. Zeisler, E. Sauer.

Vocal Quartette “T’d Like to Go Down South Once More”.........J. A. Parks Prof. C. Bolle, G. Westerhaus, H. Anger, P. Zeisler.

FranZ Lachner Selection from “Enoch Arden” N. W. U. Orchestra.

F. H. Losey “Gloria" March N. W. U. Band.

“Kranich & Bach” Piano furnished by W. D. Sproesser Co. £) 0 & 0

ALUMNI I

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Northwestern University Club Formed in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Good old Northwestern spirit again manifested itself on the 22d of May. when about ninety former students, representing multifarious pro­ fessions. held a reunion at the Hotel Blatz, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In a very interesting manner days so well spent at Northwestern were recalled by Prof. Koehler, Rev. Carl Gausewitz, Dr. E. C. Wackier, and Ernst von Briesen. Musical numbers were rendered by an octet com­ posed of the following: A. Eickmann, G. Benninger, C. Koehler, E. Bliefernicht, E. Wendlandt, A. Sauer, R. Ernst, and P. Oehlert. The desirability of forming a permanent organization having been amply demonstrated, it was resolved to establish an association to be known as the Northwestern University Club of Milwaukee, the object of the club being to assist and further the growth of the institution. The election of officers resulted as follows: President, Prof. Carl Huth; vice presidents, J. P. Koehler, E. A. Wurster, and Oscar Griebling; secretary. O. T. Ernst: treasurer, Ernst von Briesen. After a few words had been spoken by the chairman, President A. F. Ernst was called upon to address the boys. Expressing his delight in being able to be present at such an enthusiastic gathering, he noted that the bringing into ex­ istence of organizations of such nature had always been his desire. The influence exerted locally alone was of great value to the Alma Mater.

It would not only stimulate the idea of attending college, but would also induce prospective students to matriculate. Brief talks were also made by Louis Schumacher, Carl Eissfeldt, Dr. F. F. John, and E. A. Wurster. ”

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Personal Notes.

—Rev. Carl Mueller, a former student of M. W. A., who was a member of the class of ’92 till the close of his junior year, is now pastor of a congregation of the Missouri synod at Iva, Mich. He was an en­ thusiastic baseball player in his time, having held down first base while the famous Moldenhauer and Schwartz were pitchers.

—Rev. Henry Stuehm, a member of the class of ’96 till the close of his junior year, is now pastor of a large congregation at Logansport, Ind., having under him a corps of three teachers.

—Rev. Chas. Lehenbauer, a member of ’98 till his junior year, is now pastor at Union City, Oklahoma, where he is meeting with marked success in his calling. Rev. Otto Matuschka, who was a member of the same class, is pastor at Gladstone, Neb. —Julius Brenner, member of the class of ’88, has been in the employ of the Germania Publishing Company of Milwaukee for a number of years. He is acting manager of the book bindery.

—Edmund Yahr, a former academical student, who continued his studies at Ripon College, acted as one of the representatives of that institution in a debate with the Naperville College of Illinois.

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—Hugo Brandt, ’00, severed his connection with the State Tax Com­ mission and has taken a position with the Chicago & Alton Railway Company as one of the engineers of the construction and maintenance departments, with headquarters at Chicago, Illinois.

—Hermann Kresse, member of the class of ’10, is an assistant in the Union Pharmacy, corner Twelfth and Walnut Streets, Milwaukee.

• —Philip Lucas, ’88, for some time principal of the Thirteenth District School in the city of Milwaukee, was later appointed instructor of German at the South Division High School. When the position of assistant to the superintendent of schools was created by the board oi education, Mr. Lucas was again called upon to fill the vacancy.

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0\ir Contemporaries 1

The Heraldo (Denver, Col.) is one of a number of papers in which the advertisements have a tendency to creep in among the reading matter, thus marring the appearance of a paper that might otherwise be attractive.

The first as well as the best feature of the Heraldo is entitled “His Heart’s Desire,” a story of considerable charm in spite of the fact that the cus­ tomary episode of love, which seems to be considered so necessary to the success of every tale, has been totally disregarded. The poem, “Debrutalized,” contains an abundance of humor and cleverness and originality as well. “Caesar’s Invasion of Boston,” on the other hand, is little more than a painful attempt at humor, of which the writer seems to have but a very faint conception. Although the criticism in the exchange column are quite numerous, they are too brief and too superficial to be of any consider­ able value.

A question that is today greatly agitating the public mind is the one as to whether Roosevelt should be given a third term. This question is a sub­ ject of discussion ir» the Spectator (Columbus, Ohio), the writer taking the stand that the best interests of the nation demand his re-election. Theodore Roosevelt can without doubt be numbered among the great presidents that we have had, strong, fearless, aggressive, impartial; in fact, he has shown himself an admirable executive. It is to be regretted that just when everything is pionting toward an era of prosperity under the wise policies that have been established the term of the executive draws to a close, and a period of unsettlemcnt and confusion approaches, during which the busi­ ness interests of the whole nation are certain to suffer great losses. But the moment one speaks of a third term one is treading upon dangerous ground, for a multitude of well-meaning people cannot conceive of such a step without conjuring up before their eves the awful apparition of despotism. They cannot be convinced that the mere lengthening of the executive’s term of office is not a slap at democracy, but that it is rather democracy’s safeguard. For surely the greatest danger that can threaten any form of government is a state of unrest and unsettlement. Every line of “Lest We Forget" is animated with the spirit of the optimist. The writer of the article on the “newspaper” entirely forgot the rhetorical principle that every article must have a conclusion. His arguments are good, but the lack of balance is painfully apparent. “Our Exchanges” is a well edited department, the criticisms being specific and to the point.

It is a matter of frequent occurrence that some of the very best articles appearing in our exchanges are written in German. An excellent example of this tvpe, also in the Spectator, is “Kosziusko,” a clear, vivid, forcible sketch. The writer dwells briefly upon the previous history of Poland, upon religious toleration, upon its freedom of the press, upon the brilliant victories of John Sobieski, and finally upon the decline of this mighty nation that Kosciusko endeavored to snatch from the brink of political

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THE BLACK AND RED

death. Time and again defeating foes that outnumbered his forces three and even four to one, he was finally crushed only by the overwhelming numbers of his enemies. Like the name of Simon Bolixar and that of Garibaldi, the name of Kosciusko must forever serve as an inspiration to all true lovers of liberty. Truly could Campbell sing after that last terrible battle at the pitiful sight of the prostrate, bleeding, despairing nation: “Hope for a season bade the world farewell And Freedom shrieked—as Kosciusko fell.”

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Ouachita Ripplcr (Arkadelphia, Ark.) contains a well-written article in defense of the conduct of Jefferson Davis. In reality we have a dis­ cussion of the doctrine of States’ Rights, for, according to the position one assumes in regard to this celebrated doctrine, the conduct of Jefferson Davis was that of a patriot or that of a traitor.

The Lcavct Angelas (Turner Center, Maine) has come to us in a plain yet highly attractive garb. A gaudy cover design quite frequently defeats the very purpose for which it is intended. Beauty and quiet dignity are most often found in the company of simplicity.

The Literary department of the Normal Pointer (Stevens Point. Wis.) is devoted to a discussion of the much debated “Race Problem,” a problem that overshadows even' other, cither social or political, in importance; a problem that exists not merely in the minds of idle theorists and political dreamers, but one that thrusts itself upon the attention of the most re­ luctant observer. Like a millstone it. hangs about the neck of one of the fairest garden spots upon the face of God’s earth. That the presence of millions of negroes within our boundaries is a source of constant peril to the existence of the nation and to the very integrity of our Anglo-Saxon race is a fact that the most ardent optimist cannot well overlook. How can the two races be placed upon a basis which will insure to the one its right to exist, to the other its right to preserve its integrity? Herein the writer comes to our rescue with the opinion that only then can the negro be brought to feel the weight of the moral obligation which has been laid upon him, when he has first been taught industrial pursuits and been given a moral training. In short, he advises that we place an educational test on enfranchisement (a step which we believe has already been taken in sev­ eral southern states). The improvidence of granting the negro the right of suffrage long before he was fit to receive it, has been a source of real detriment to the best interests of the race. To the negro political equalitv implied social equality as well, and from this has proceeded the great in­ crease in lawlessness and criminalitv in a race peaceable and tractable while still in a state of servitude. The white man is responsible for the negro’s presence in America, and hence it is clearly his duty to do every­ thing within his power to uplift his black brother and to regard him not as an enemy but rather as a sacred charge.

THE BLACK AND RED

AUS DEM 3EMINARLEBEN

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—Herr Robert Ave Lallemand besuchte wahrend des Pfingstfestes seine Eltern in Sheboygan Faals, Wis. —Herr Friedrich Motzkus erfreute sich des Besuches seiner Mutter und seiner Schwester Amanda von Dundee, Wis., vom 20.—25, Mai. —Herr Adolph von Rohr reiste am 18. Mai nach Winona, Minn., urn dort auf der West Seite die lutherische Schule zu iibemehmen.

—Am 26. Mai reisten die Herren Friedrich Kosanke, Edmund Bliefernicht, Paul Oehlert, Martin Raasch, Georg Denninger und Ernst Wendland mit dem A Capclla Chor nach Sheboygan und Manitowoc, woselbst Konzerte vcranstaltet wurden.

—Herr Edwin Sauer von unserem College in Watertown besuchte seine Briider Christian und Adolf dahier am 26. Mai. —Herr Walter Haase begab sich am 29. Mai nach Rockford, Minn., um dort wahrend des Sommers Schule zu halten.

—Herr Pastor Theo. Brauer, Prases der Nebraska Synode, stattete am 13. Mai Hcrrn Martin Saasch einen kurzen Besuch ab.

—Herr Pastor Wilhlm Albrecht von White, S. D., besuchte uns am 1.

Juni.

—Herr Rudolph P. Korn stattete den Studenten im Seminar am 2. Juni einen Besuch ab. v* v*

ATHLETICS. Ripon 4, Northwestern 9.

The Ripon game was met with great enthusiasm, as it was one of the three new games on our schedule. The game was called at 12:30, and it was agreed to play till 2, for the visitors’ train was due at 2:30.

Thus only eight innings could be played, which, however, satisfactorily showed the relative strength of the two teams. Though Ripon was justly feared, having an especially heavy batting team, our boys dis­ played a greater experience at every instance of the game.

Ripon succeeded in bringing in two scores in the first inning, but their excellent batting was then checked by Horn’s extraordinary pitch­ ing. Although they tried their utmost to hit the ball, bunting not ex­ cluded. they were unable to find him, and have but five scattered hits to their credit. When the Ripon side was down, our boys took their chance at the bat and enjoyed the pleasure for quite a time. Nearly every player has a hit to his credit, most of which were made in the first inning.

Our boys brought in seven of the nine scores during this inning, and after this there was but little excitement. The game was marked by good playing on both sides, special credit being due to Horn, who landed on the ball for a home run and a two-bagger, Kowalke, Koch and

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THE BLACK AND RED

Neighorn. The game was called off with the first half of the eighth inning, Northwestern gaining the victory by a score of 9 to 4.

A return game had been arranged for May 22, on the Ripon campus, but it was cancelled on account of rain.

Northwestern.

Ripon.

A.B. R. H. P.O. A. i£.

A.B. R. H. P.O. A. E. .... 4 0 0 0 1 1 Smith, 3b 5 0 112 1 Berg, 3b Reseburg, s.s__ 4 0 0 111 Zeisler. s.s.......... 3 2 1111 5 12 3 10 4 1113 2 Zell, 2b.......

Beyer, 2b..

4 1 2 0 3 0 3 1 0 0 3 0 Horn, p........

J. Davis, p.

4 12 10 1 4 0 10 10 Nieghorn, l.f I. Davis, l.f 3 1110 1 3 0 1 0 0 0 Luelke, r.f...

Dixon, r.f..

1 0 5 0 0 Kingsburg, lb... 3 0 0 9 2 1 Kowalke,lb.... 3 2 0 0 2 0 0 4 1 1 0 0 0 Koch, c.f..

De Both, c.f 4 2 2 11 0 0 2 1 0 9 0 0 Ziescmer, c Nolan, c......

32 9 10 24 6 4 32 4 5 21 12 5 Total ...

Total Summary: Home run, Horn; struck out. by Horn 9, by Davis 8; base on balls, off Horn 3, off Davis 1; sacrifice hits, Koch, Kowalke, Luetke, Zeisler, hit by pitched ball, Koch, Smith, J. Davis, Nolan; stolen bases, Nieghorn, Hoffmann, Zeisler, J. Davis; left on bases, Ripon 9, N. W. U. 9.

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Lake Forest 8, Northwestern 16.

After having already gained four consecutive victories, our nine also defeated the strong Lake Forest team by the high score of 16 to 8.

Though we were all confident of victory, the big score nevertheless was a surprise to us all. The fourth inning again gave us the victory, ten scores being brought in during this one inning. A special feature of the game was Koch’s brilliant work in the outfield. Pie caught seven fine flies, each of which required a lively sprint. The average batting of this game, too, showed a remarkable improvement. Berg and Kowalke took the lead, Neighorn and Luetke closely following, while the rest secured one apiece. Ziesemer’s hits were generally the costly one for the visitors.

To do the visitors justice, we must concede that they also played good ball. Callahan took first honors at the bat; Scott, Milner and Stark also did well.

Lake Forest.

Northwestern.

A.B. R. H. P.O. A. E. A.B. R. H. P.O. A. E. Scott, s.s...

3 4 Nieghorn, l.f.... 6 12 10 1 Milner, 3b..

14 13 6 1 Callahan, p., .... 5 0 17 0 0 3 1 2 1 Koch, c.f...

Keishley, 2b .... 51121 1 Kowalke, lb.

5 2 3 3 0 1 Holtz, c.... .... 6 0 1 7 0 1 Luetke, r.f..

6 2 2 2 0 0 Dickey, c.f......... 5 1 1 2 0 0 Zeisler. s.s..

6 2 10 13 Wilson, r.f 4 1110 0 Berg, 3b 5 3 3 2 1 1 Baker, lb.

5 116 0 0 5 115 0 1 Ziesemer, c Hall, c.f..

4 112 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 2 Koehler, p..

Stark, l.f..

2 0 2 0 0 0

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Total 46 8 14 24 8 10 45 16 15 27 3 9 Total Summary: Three base hit, Kowalke; two base hits, Berg 2, Kowalke, Koehler; struck out, by Koehler 6, by Callahan and Keishley 7; base on balls, off Koehler 3, off Callahan and Keishley 4; sacrifice hits, Kowalke; balk, Callahan.

THE BLACK AND RED

83

University of Wisconsin.

Manager Guenther tried hard to arrange a game with the Wisconsin team. He succeeded in getting a game for May 24, but to the disap­ pointment of all the game had to be canceled on account of rain and disagreeable weather. Since Wisconsin had all other dates taken, no game could be arranged,

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Seminary 0, Northwestern 1.

The fastest and hardest game of the season was played with the Seminary. The college team did not expect quite so close a game as it turned out to be. Both teams played consistent ball, and there was but little individual starring. Woyahn and Wendland played the game for ' the Seminary, while Kowalke and Hoffmann did excellent work for the locals. Motzkus pitched fine ball, showing marked improvement over his work with us last year. Horn pitched excellent ball, though he tightened up only at opportune moments in order to save himself for the champion­ ship game against Lawrence two days later. Still the Seminary boys could not find him often as it was, and occasionally the remark was passed on the side lines. “That left-handed boy is a wonder.” All who witnessed the game were well pleased and said it was the best game played on our diamond this year.

Northwestern.

Seminary.

A.B R. H. P.0 E. A.B R. H. P.O E. 0 0 0 0 ..4 0 1 13 1 Nieghorn, l.f.......... .. 4 Wendland, c...

3 0 0 3 0 F'ckmann. r.f. .. 4 0 0 0 0 Hoffmann, s.s 3 10 10 .4 0 2 4 0 Koch. c.f. ...

Woyahn, 2b...

4 0 150 Motzkus, p.... .. 2 0 0 0 0 Kowalke, lb.

Breutzmnnn, s.s....... 3 0 0 0 1 Koehler, r.f............... 3 0 0 10 3 0 0 2 1 3 0 0 2 1 Zeisler. s.s Pankow, l.f 1 0 0 2 0 Otto, c.f. ..

3 0 1 0 0 Berg,3b..

3 0 0 12 0 Ernst, lb................... 3 0 0 4 1 Ziescmer, c 3 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 1 Horn, p. ...

Engel, 3b

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28 1 1 26 2 Total Total 29 0 4 24 5 Summary: Struck out, by Horn 12, by Motzkus 14; bases on balls, off Horn 2, off Motzkus 1. Umpire, Diehl.

Lawrence 0, Northwestern 3.

On the evening of Saturday, June 1, our boys returned from Appleton as the champions of Wisconsin, having defeated the Lawrence uni­ versity nine, the only remaining claimant to the championship. Accord­ ing to the Lawrence rooters, the game was as fast and clean as any played on their diamond this year. Beyers umpired an excellent game, being fair in each and every decision.

Horn won the admiration of the Lawrence people by his coolness in critical moments, by his wonderful pitching in general, and also by his excellent batting. He was proclaimed the wonder of the day, and after the game the Lawrence boys said, “If anv team was destined to defeat us, we are glad it was Northwestern.” Though Horn pitched the

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THE BLACK AND RED

Seminary game two days previous, he nevertheless pitched his best game of the season, leaving behind him a lasting reputation. Koehler took first honors at the bat, as his hits brought in all the scores, Hoffmann closely following and knocking out the ball every time that he was to bat. He also starred in the infield, playing an excellent game on second base. Van Patter, who occupied the slab for Lawrence, was a mere youth; still he pitched fine ball, allowing our boys but six hits and forcing ten to take their seat on strike-outs. In short, the game was the best played by either team this season and gave general satisfaction.

We had several of the players relate the facts of the game to us, that we might get an idea of the game, but not one of them broke off without saying, “The treatment received at the hands of the Lawrence people was excellent.” The fact that each and every player passed this same remark gives us the impression that treatment was a model one.

Northwestern.

Lawrence.

A.B. R. H. P.O. A. E. A.B. R. FI. P.O. A. E. 0 0 0 1 0 Nicghorn, l.f .... 4 0 0 H. Warner, s.s.. 4 0 1 4 0 1 3 2 0 Hoffmann, 2b... 4 112 2 0 Klaus, 2b..

3 2 110 0 4 0 0 11 0 0 Koch, c.f Otto, c----10 2 0 4 0 0 0 0 1 Jvowalke, lb.... 4 0 0 Reid, r.f..

0 0 0 4 0 10 1 0 Koehler, r.f..... 4 0 2 Beal, l.f...

4 0 0 1 1 1 4 0 0 1 1 2 Zcisler, s.s..

Taylor, 3b 4 0 0 10 1 0 Berg, 3b............ 4 0 10 11 Volk, lb..

13 2 0 Van Patter, p... 4 0 0 14 0 Ziescmer, c......... 4 0 1 4 0 0 0 4 2 10 11 Florn, p R. Warner, c.f.. 3 0 Total 35 3 6 27 12 4 Total 35 0 4 27 11 4 Summary: Two base hits, Hoffman, Koehler, Beal. H. Warner; strike-outs.

Horn 12, Van Patter 10; base on balls, off Horn 1, off Van Patter 1. Time of game, 1:40. Umpire, Beyer.

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LOCALS

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—The Rev. J. Kionka called on his son Edward, *10, on May 1.

—Miss Anna Kocpke visited Irving Kuolt, Prep., May 2.

—P. Bergmann, ’09, spent a day at his home in Milwaukee, May 15.

—E. Kionka, ’10, visited his sister, Miss Anna Kionka, at Milwaukee, May 19.

—Herman Marquardt, TO. and Charles Baerwald, TO, visited the latter’s home in Juneau, May 19.

—E. Kowalke, ’08, T. Schoewe, ’07, P. Ziesler, ’09, and P. ICirsch, ’08. visited G. Rickemann, former member of ’08. at Helenville. May 19.

—Mr. E. Hans, of Battle Creek, Neb., called on his son E. Hans, Prep., and E. Hoffmann, Prep.

—The Rev. H. Koch, of Greenville, Wis., called on his nephews, H Schmidt, ’09, and H. Koch, ’09.

—Emil Thoms, formerly a member of the class of ’09, visited May 26.

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85

—Mrs. L. Zeisler and daughter, Miss Eleonora, from La Crosse, called on Paul, ’09, and Leonard Zeisler, TO. —The Rev. E. F. Dornfeldt and daughter, Miss Emma, visited here May 30.

—The Rev. A. Hoenicke from Fond du Lac called on E. Grimwald, ’09, May 30.

—Herman Bcir from Tomah visited Ewald Kirst, ’09, May 31.

—H. Gaeblcr, ’07, E. Kowalke, ’OS, and M. Whyte, TO, saw the boat races at Madison, May 31.

—Charles Geiger, Miss Bertha Geiger and Miss E. Kufeldt visited Henry Geiger, ’07. June 2.

—E. Sauer, ’07, was at Milwaukee, June 2, on business for the N. W. U. band.

—The “Skidoo Hiking Club,” which comprises eight members, walked to Jefferson and back, June 2.

—Adolph Thom of Fond du Lac called on E. Grunwald, June 2.

—On account of illness, Hugo Pankow, Prep., discontinued his studies and returned to his home in Caledonia, Minn., June 4.

—Arnold Sprchn, ’08. Paul Zeisler, ’09, Henry Zeisler, TO, and Leonard Zeisler. ’10. went to Reese, ille on a business trip, June 3.

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CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM —Akogo!

—Gichc!

—Evening shags.

—Chizzlewoggle.

—Bill: “I’c got an attack of mineralogy (neuralgia).”

—Prof.: “Where do you find a play of colors in entomology?”

K-t-r: “In postal cards.”

—Prof, (to yawning pupil) : “Do you celebrate your grand opening today?”

—Senator K. (at a game): “He miscalculated that ball.”

—Hank: “Is the band and orchestra going to play together to-day?”

—Eulax fin his composition: „Nachdem sechs Stunden lang unausbrechlich gekampft and die Manner and die Geschosse ausgegangen waren, kamcn die Reiter uber die Briike gespringt.”

—Prof.: “What is the German for Batrachians?”

Sextar.er: ..Patriarchen.”

—Pastor: “Mooney took a stroll into the country on his bicycle.”

—Max: “I’ve got the gout. I’m going to enter parliament now.”

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—Prof.: “What would you notice if you were on the water tower?”

K-b-1: “The Mississippi.

—At the Appleton game a fair one along the side line was heard to exclaim: “Oh, look at the pretty little Dolly in center field? Isn’t he a lala?” So Dolly made more than one hit.

—Bill (translating Xerxes quattuor milia armatorum Delphos mittit) : „Xerxes schickte vierhundert bewaffnete Delphine aus.”

—Since Macaulay invested in a white vest he is again hard at work at an essay on Pan-Katerism. It is said that he has developed some re­ markable theories on this subject that will revolutionize science. Its forthcoming is eagerly expected.

—Louis B.: “Say, fellers, did you hear about it? There was a scrap down town ?”

Pastor: “Where was that?”

Louis: “The postmaster licked a stamp.”

—Why did Felix stop playing when he passed a certain balcony in Main street on Decoration day?

—Following Horace Greeley’s admonition. Young man, go west! Yip and Grim are making nocturnal expeditions to the west side.

—Tears flowed freely when the color bearer fell fighting bravely at the great battle, but when Phil, the hero of the day, gave the command, “Squad sally!” and saved the flag, the cheers would take no end.

—The other night Dr. Felix was entertaining his room-mates in his dreams. About midnight he began to sing: „Ist denn kein Stuhl da, Stuhl da, Stuhl do, Fur meine E-s-, E-s-, E-s-?”

The rest was lost to the world. What can it mean?

—Even Sarto has become a victim to the darts of Cupid. O tempora!

O mores! The astonishing fact, however, is that the treacherous archer shot him through the telephone. Sarto is happy, but he has his troubles, too. The other day-somebody saw him pick the petals of a dandelion to the tune of: She loves me, she loves me not, etc Both Sarto and P. H. are deeply interested stockholders of the belle (Bell) company. In order to show his enthusiasm P. H. intends to have a ’phone put into his room.

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GAMUTS CORNER DRUG STORE At Main and First Sts.

Pur? Drugs and medicines Domestic and Havana Cigars Prescriptions a Specialty Your patronage respectsully so­ licited.

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M.J, WOODARD,

President.

Vice-President.

V E. WOODARD,

Cashier.

K. J. BRANDT,

2 Vice-President.

BANK OF WMERTOWP INCORPORATED MAY 1. 1854

DONNER GALLERY Special Rates made to Students.

Ben Rieck PROPRIETOR OF THE

new east end BartxrSbtp Gorder Block.

604 Main Street WATERTOWN,

Base Ball Supplies Foot Ball Supplies Tennis Goods Croquet Sets Boxing Gloves Punching Bags

SPORTING GOODS HEADQUARTERS

WISCONSIN

WM. G. PRiTZLAFF 8 GO. Schlueter Bros'.

MERCHANT IO CENT CIGAR AND

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DR. T. F. SHINNICK Dr. A. J. Schlueter DENTIST 313 Main Street

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Over Gruetzmacherâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;i Store,

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Offco Hours. 9 to 11 a. m. 2 to 4 and 7 to 8 p. m.

Office 115 MAIN Phone 89-x Residence, 205 N. 5th St. Phone 273-x.

Phone your Drug “Wants” tO DO- 196 « « «

The August Gamm

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Main Street

Crockery Glassware Lamps Bar Goods Stone Ware Flower Pots, Etc. Cor. Main and N. Fourth Sts.

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Jos. Salick & Son jewelers and Opticians

YOU ALL KNOW THE PLACE

HERRO’S WE KEEP THE

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Wiggenhorn Bros.

BADGER STATE or LATEST OUT CIGAR.

Special Attention is given to testing Eyes and Fitting of Glasses.

Eyes Tested Free.

Baseball and Sporting goods i and 3 Main Street.

Watertown, Wis.

F. W. KURZWEG DEALER IN

Fine Boots, Shoes and Rubbers Please Give Us a Trial.

We Try to Give Satisfaction.

402 Main Street.

OTTO HEYIN BIBLES, SONG BOOKS, CHURCH GOODS IN GENERAL. School Supplies a Specialty.

409 Main Street.

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The NEW SPRING STYLES The New Method Laundry lias removed their laundry to the Watertown Steam Laundry building, No. 218 First street.

DIETER

ULLRICH

Proprietors

Read tHe

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WATERTOWN DAILY LEADER

in YOUNG MEN’S SUITS "MORA” HATS, “GRIFFON BRAND’ SHIRTS will soon be here.

You must see them before you buy anything NEW for Spring.

SCHEZViPF BROS. CO., The Big Ca.9h Store

Watertown’s Up= to=date Morning Paper. £ S SEAGER’S

|$arber Shop and llatb Rooms

JPECKE $ GW DEALERS IN

Fruits, Staple and Fancy Groceries.

108 MAIN STREET

5 Ba/hs for $1.00 J. C. SEAGER. Prop.

All goods delivered promptly to all parts of the city fre6 of charge.

THE C. G. CONN CO. WONDER BAND ORCHESTRA AND SOLO INSTRUMENTS Are Unrivalled for TONE, TUNE ACTION, MODELS, MECHANISM, and have the Endorsement of the Great‘Bandmasters and Musical Artists of the world. The only Perfect Instruments made for either Professional or Amateur Players. They meet the most exacting requirements.

For Illustrated Catalogue giving description of instru­ ments, with prices and terms of payment, Address

C. G. CON N COMPANY, Elkhart, Ind. COLLEGE m GLASS PENANTS

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Made to order in special designs.

Prices quoted upon request.

i| SPORTING GOODS GO. Milwaukee. Wis. .

...MAKERS OF..:

HE ATHLETIC AND SPORTING GOODS Felt Pcnnunls $3 j. er doz. and \ip Send for free 28 page illustrated circu­ lar of Novelties Tor schools and cadets, including American flags, Bannersr Bolt Buckles, Military Books, Brigade Rifles, Button Holders, Clothing Hangers, Fry­ ing Pan Clocks, Cravat Pins, Cuff But­ tons, Penants,. Hat Pins, Jerseys, Sweat­ ers, Tights, Fountain Pens, Trouser StretchersPVarsity Flags,Watch Fobs, etc The Pettibone Bros. Mfg. Com'y Mfg’s. of Uniforms, Military and Secret Society Supplies, Ciucinati, 0.

Special Discounts to Schools and Colleges.

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It Stands Ovit Boldly ] The value in our Spring Neckwear. That’s why we make bold to say that with our now weavos in every good now pattern and color, we can fix you out with good neckwear.

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New Daylight Clothing Store 107-109 Main Street

Hertel Sc Hoffmdsin

W. D. SPROESSER Sc CO. EWELERS PIANOS AND ORGANS

I 1

213 Main Street

Telephone No. 259-y WATERTOWN, WISCONSIN

;

NEW FURNITURE New furniture assumes a special prominence. If you are not sat is­ fied with your furniture call on Nowack & Kohls, 010 Main street, where you will see the most complete lino in the city, and the prices will surely please, as they will be found as low as the lowest. A large consignment of Couches, Rockers and Centro Tables, Dining Room Tables, Sideboards, Red Room Sets and Iron Bed Steads in profusion in all the prevailing Rtyles.

Nowack & Kohls, i

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Undertakers, Embalmers and Funeral Directors

CIk Black and Red. Volume XI.

Watertown, Wisconsin, Sept.-Oct. 1907.

0

LITERARY

Numbers 4-5

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Colonial Influence, in England

Paul J. Bergman, ’09.

England is not the oldest of the colonial powers, but is outclassed in that respect by Spain, France, Holland and Portugal. Nevertheless, her colonies are to-dav by far the most important, both in regard to their extent and territory. The commerce of England with its colonies is greater in volume than that of the colonies of all the other powers put together.

The most interesting point in connection with the colonies is whether they arc a source of profit or of loss to the mother country. This point may be looked at in two ways: first, whether they are directly a source of profit or loss: second, whether the mother country succeeds in securing such a proportion of trade from her colonics as to amount to a real, national advantage.

The critics of English society who lament its decadence generally lay the blame at the door of the Colonials. Most likely they forget that an institution, like an individual, is spoiled, not from without but from within.

If we were still living in the times of our forefathers, it would be impossible for the vulgar rich to enter our society. But since money is like a masterkey, millionaires from all parts of the world are welcomed in its most sacred precincts.

Some people talk as if Colonial influence on the mother country is a new thing, although Bryan Edwards, in 1793, described the West Indies as “the main source of Great Britain's opulence and maritime power.” This was the literal truth then. When the thirteen colonies seceded, England felt the rupture, but this was soon forgotten, for it did not extend to the other parts of the Empire.

We can frankly say that the plantations of the New World literally paved the mother country with gold. The West Indies were no hindrance to England like some of the colonies of Germany and France. These were or are often forced to rely upon their mother country for sustenance, whereas the English colonies generated their own vital force and were not a weakness but a strength to the sovereign state. There is a. great differ­ ence between emigration to the colonies and emigration to foreign countries.

In one case it is merely an act of transformation, in the other a loss for the

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country left behind. But the life between the mother country and its colo­ nies is generally so close that it is in reality one, as it should be.

No colony of the nineteenth century associated so closely with the social life of the sovereign state as the West Indies in the seventeenth and eigh­ teenth centuries. The West Indies were English. They sent their children home to be educated. Their sons entered the civil service, the Church, or the professions, while their daughters were given all the advantage of the London season. Had it not been for slavery the West Indies would have aspired nationhood, as Canada, Australia and South Africa.

“But England has not sucked the West Indian orange dry for nothing.”

West India gave rise to many a famous business house and many a noble family. The West Indies were not like the Dominion of Canada, which was settled by the country, or like Australia, which was at first settled by the towns. But her younger sons of the opulent English merchants and noblemen settled. Hence they received a wann welcome in the society of the English. Their wealth amounted to little in this respect, for their posi­ tions were secure on account of their forefathers, who were good English­ men long before the West Indies were discovered.

But the West Indies are forgotten, and next to the West Indies England owes most to Canada. It is peculiar that England did not realize the great­ ness of this daughter state, while the Americans have seen it clearly for almost a century.

American statesmen have ardently desired to annex Canada, for it has some of the best blood in the New World, a high ideal and a very fine tra­ dition. The British Empire is not only inspired to-day by the Englishman, but also by the Canadian.

The Dominion until lately was poor, struggling, despised. The sympa­ thies of the mother country seldom reached the other side of the ocean.

Therefore, she was like an orphan that had to take care of herself; but she developed a character such as no other English-speaking people over the ocean possessed. She is a new country, with the experience of an old nation. Canada may be proud of her sons and daughters who represent her so worthily in the Old Country. They are not the children of successful European emigrants, but the offspring of men who have achieved some­ thing in early colonial times, who have a historical background and served the country for two centuries and upward.

The First Naval Conflict in American Waters Martin Schumacher, ’io.

In August, 1636, a small sloop of about twenty tons capacity was sailing in Long Island Sound with John Gallop, a sturdy colonist and owner of the ship, at the helm. He made a living by trading with the Indians, who were always eager to exchange furs and skins for beads, knives, calico and firewater. As they knew little of the comparative value of these articles,

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they were often cheated, while the whites cleared a large profit on their goods. But this occupation was not without danger. For if an assortment of glittering trifles or a quantity of firewater had once aroused their cupidity, they would try to obtain it by any means, whether fair or foul.

John Oldham, another Indian trader, had also set out in a pinnace sev­ eral weeks before in order to trade with the aborigines. He had not been heard of for some time, and it was commonly thought that the savages had murdered him. For the Pcquod Indians were threatening to rise against the settlers, and were already committing petty annoyances, as kidnapping children and murdering men in the forest.

As Gallop approached Block Island, which lies off the coast of Rhode Island, and was at that time densely populated with fierce Indians, allies of the Pequods, lie perceived a small vessel riding at anchor in a neighboring bay. This he took to be Oldham’s and accordingly hailed it, but received no answer. But instead a canoe loaded with goods left the ship for shore, while a number of Indians remained on board. Gallop at once suspected that they had murdered Oldham and plundered his ship, and therefore he resolved to avenge his death.

The Indians who remained on the ship were fifteen in number, while he was accompanied by only one man and two boys, yet he determined to attack them. Being by far outnumbered, he did not dare to board the vessel.

They discharged their guns without injuring the Indians, who instantly skulked beneath the deck, where for a while they felt secure. But he got to the windward of the vessel, and with a brisk gale ran down upon it, striking it with such violence as almost to overset it. Six of the terrified Indians leaped into the sea and were drowned.

Standing off again, he fixed his anchor to his bow in such a manner that the pointed flukes would perforate the side of the pinnace. Now he ran down upon it a second time, and the anchor, piercing the vessel, fastened both ships together. He attempted to shoot the Indians in their lurking places, but without success. He therefore made his vessel loose and pre­ pared to ram the pinnace for the third time. As soon as the vessels had parted, in order to gain the windward side, four or five more Indians jumped overboard and tried to escape by swimming. They shared the fate of their predecessors, however, as the vessels had drifted a long distance from shore.

In the meantime Gallop had turned and was coming down upon the vessel with sails stretched as taut as a drum’s head. But now an Indian appeared on deck and through signs showed his intention to surrender.

Gallop sailed alongside the vessel, took him on board and had him bound and brought below the deck. With his companions he then went aboard the pinnace. Here another Indian came out of his hiding place and asked for pardon. But Gallop did not wish to keep two such cunning savages on his sloop, and had him thrown into the ocean, where he perished. The re­ maining two had retreated into a little room, from which they could not be driven.

In the cabin they found Oldham’s corpse, horribly mangled and with a

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THE BLACK AND RED

tomahawk buried in his head. On the floor about him lay all kinds of articles, which the savages had taken from his store of trading goods.

Gallop took everything that was of any value aboard his sloop and set the pinnace adrift to strand in Narragansett Bay. #** * * An Adventure For weeks before school closed we had been making plans of spending our vacation. Our minds were made up on one point, we should camp on a lake not far from our home town for a week or two.

The Monday after Commencement turned out an ideal day and before the sun had risen we were on our way to the lake. It took us some time to find a suitable spot to pitch our tent. After dinner, which to our hungry mouths tasted as good as mother’s, we sought cool, shady recesses in the woods to rest our weary limbs. So the first day of our camp life passed.

The next was to prove more exciting for two of us, for we were four— Bert Bradbury, James Donovan, Fred Maddox and I. Bert Bradbury was on a visit at Fred Maddox’s and therefore allowed to share our outing.

Before breakfast we took a plunge in the lake water and prepared to go fishing. Bert, Jim and I were to go, while Fred stayed at the camp to prepare dinner. A farmer living hard by had pointed out some of the best fishing places. Arming ourselves with rod and line, we rowed over to a place which seemed most promising.

We had fished for almost an hour without catching anything; another half hour passed—still no fish had been landed. Once more we were going to try and then seek a different place.

We sat in silence for some time, when a splash drew our. eyes to where Bert had sat. He had evidently fallen into the lake. By falling over he sent the boat some feet from where he had broken the smooth surface of the water. We prepared ourselves to dive after him when he should appear for the second time, for to our knowledge he could not swim. We both leaped at the same time and swam to the place where he had disappeared for the second time. We dived down alternately, so that if he should come to the surface again we should not miss him. In desperation we in out­ turn stayed below so long that the one above would become alarmed. For long minutes we did our utmost to find Bert, but all in vain. Each return to the surface cut deeper lines of despair in our faces. Since further at­ tempts were fruitless, we turned our faces towards the boat, which was slowly floating towards our camp, although the wind and waves were going in the opposite direction. We did not notice this at the time, but were thinking of the misfortune. Although our acquaintance dated back but a few days, we had come to like each other. Why should we have been the unluck)' ones in the boat with him. We would take the boat to a landing and think of how we should break the news to Fred.

Occasionally we glanced to where we had last seen Bert, in hopes of

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97

seeing his body floating about or clinging to some log. Now we also re­ membered that he had a smile on his face when he came up the second time, but this did not seem anything unusual, for we knew that this was nothing uncommon in drowning persons.

When almost upon the boat we noticed that instead of lying with its side towards the waves it was cutting them with a jerky motion.

Whose hand was that on the other side of the boat? It was Bert’s, but how did he come there when we both thought he was at the bottom of the lake ? He said he would explain as soon as we got to shore.

He confessed that he had fallen out of the boat ,but never thought of tricking us until he came up and saw us ready to leap in. Instead of swim­ ming towards us he sank and dived to the other side of the boat, towards which our backs were turned. Catching the anchor rope, he pulled the boat after him and was some distance from us when we had given up the search.

With genuine sighs of relief we took to our boat and gave up fishing for that morning.

A. P.

Capturing a Criminal

John G. Jeske, ’io.

A great robbery had been committed in the small but thriving town of Gibbons. The town bank had been robbed of fifty thousand dollars, the banker seriously wounded, the safe completely demolished, and all valuable papers taken. It being intensely dark that night, the robber had escaped, and three days had already passed, yet no trace of him had been found.

The town was a picture of excitement, for five thousand dollars was to be the reward of the captor. A posse had just returned from a long but un­ fruitful search.

We, a crowd of country lads, had also heard of the story and read the announcement concerning the reward with our mouths wide open in aston­ ishment. How we would like to earn this sum, we thought; but of course this would be impossible. On our walk home from school our thoughts were taken up with this subject. What if the robber should be hidden in the very woods we were walking through? But no, by this time he must have fled many miles away.

With such words we parted, I going into our yard, my companions, three brothers living further down the road, continuing their way. While going towards the house I caught a glimpse of a shabbily-clothed man climbing down from a tree. He had hardly touched the ground when away he dashed toward the woods. My suspicions were instantly aroused. What business had a strange man on our property, and why was he so afraid of being seen? His actions were not without a purpose. It did not take me longer than a minute to get my rifle and rejoin my companions. I told them

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THE BLACK AND RED

what I had seen, and they agreed that my suspicions were not without grounds. As we were now all equipped with rifles, we set out for the woods.

In the middle of the forest was an old saw mill, in which we thought the man, whom we supposed to be the robber, had hidden himself. We approached the old structure cautiously, and were already at the door when suddenly the man, guessing well our purpose, jumped from the window and dashed for the thickets. Our suspicions were now confirmed. He was the bank robber, the man we were looking for.

We immediately started out in pursuit. I had only taken a few steps when I stumbled over the root of a tree, and the next moment found myself lying in a ditch below with a sharp pain in my leg. My friends fired, but without success. The robber also made use of his revolver. His shot struck the oldest boy in the arm. The robber began to show us his heels, when a shot from the youngest boy struck him in the leg, and he fell. They had a hard tussle binding him, for he was a desperate fellow. After they had him securely bound, they came to my assistance, and found that my leg was broken.

They now went to town, notified the authorities, and after the man had been identified we received our reward. We built a house and decided to save the rent and use it to help us pay our expenses while at college.

t

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CIk Black and Red.

*

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Published monthly by the students of the Northwestern University.

EDITORIAL STAFF. EDITOR-IN CHIEF

EDGAR GUENTHER, ’08 BUSINESS MANAGERS.

BUSINESS MANAGER ASS’T. BUSINESS MANAGER

ERWIN E. KOWALKE, ’o8 SIGMUND PROBST,, ’og DEPARTMENT EDITORS.

ATHLETIC EDITOR. COLLEGE NOTES EXCHANGE EDITOR LOCAL EDITOR CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

MARTIN J. WAGNER, ’oS JOHN E. SCHAEFER, ’08 EDGAR W. MELZER, ’og MARTIN SCHUMACHER, ’10 ALEXANDER P. SITZ, ’og

»

Contributions to the Literary Department are requested from .alumni and undergraduates. All Editor-in-Chief and all business communications to the literary matter should be addressed1 to .. the .... ............

Business manager.

The terms of subscription are 7; cents per annum, payable in advance. Single copies, ro cents Stam p s not accepted in payment. Notify us if you wish your address changed or your paper discontinued TheBtak and Red is forwarded to all subscribers until order for its discontinuation is received and until all arrearages are paid.

Entered at the Postoffice of Watertown, Wis., as second-class matter.

# |

EDITORIAL

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As practically one-ninth of our school year will have elapsed before this issue of The Black and Red comes into the hands of our fellow-students, we consider it too late to administer the customary admonitions to our old friends, as well as to those who have taken up their abode with us this year, drawing their attention to the importance of getting under way immedi­ ately, to the discretion to be used in the selection of their friends and to the profits to be derived by economizing their time—and monthly allowance.

In fact all of these little hints and numerous similar ones every student has already had impressed on his memory, though sadly enough not always indelibly, by an earnest father and a tearful mother far better than we could attempt to do it, who possess no marked degree of infallibility.

No doubt a large number of our subscribers were disappointed by the non-appearance of the September number of The Black and Red and will wish to know our reason for combining the September and October issues.

The reason for this is not an epidemic of inertia among the members of the staff, as many may have been led to believe, but the financial difficulties with which it has been our lot to contend, as was sufficiently set forth in the opening number of the present volume. After having vainly sought other

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THE BLACK AND RED

means of overcoming these difficulties we finally found, by carefully com­ paring our bills payable and bills receivable, that the consolidation of the two numbers would approximately put the paper again on a cash basis.

This matter was placed before the student body, the members of which unanimously declared themselves in favor of the plan, after being assured that this be considered an exceptional case and not a precedent for future imitation.

The Black and Red now being again able to conduct its business on a cash basis for the first time in years, it lies in the power of our one hun­ dred and some odd delinquent subscribers to determine its future course, whether it is to enjoy for any length of time the realization of its hopes or whether it shall again be doomed to issue promissory notes as its only tender.

“A word to the wise is sufficient.”

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Since boarding-school life in general is already a some­ what hackneyed subject, we shall confine ourselves here to pointing out some of the evils, great and small, which are of daily occurrence in our midst. In fact, certain things are so common that the average student takes them as a matter of fact and as unavoidable evils that he has borne through all his college days and that are a part of his existence. Were it not for this indifference on the part of the individual student, and if each one were a little more consid­ erate of his neighbor’s and the inspector’s feeling and a little less prone to do these same unmanly and, by the way, forbidden things, there might be some hope of eradicating these evils, thereby increasing our self-respect and gaining the greater respect of others.

Perhaps the most annoying thing that we encounter is noise, which is never really absent from the dormitory or recitation hall. It is hard to understand how certain students can, without any thought of its being im­ proper, jump from their chairs with a clatter, slam the door behind them, and then tramp down the hall, planting each heel so firmly that one wonders how the floors can withstand such a bombardment. In the recitation hall the same thing occurs, except that there the bombarders come in groups.

Closely connected with undue noisiness is the rough behavior so notice­ able in certain students. If each one would try to treat his fellow-student more as a gentleman and to be a little more considerate of his feelings, much of the rudeness and roughness, which sometimes passes as practical joking, might be avoided and certain victims of these jokes ( ?) might be permitted to live a more peaceable and pleasant life at school.

Of all the evils encountered, general noisiness and a spirit of roughness in certain students and classes are perhaps the worst, and those who have this habit, for habit it is, would do themselves and others a great favor if they tried to rid themselves of it. If all students should co-operate in an attempt to do away with these evils, others would disappear of their own Evils of Board­ ing School Life

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101

accord, such as ungentlemanly behavior on the street, lack of manners in the dining-hall, noisy inattention during chapel exercises, etc.—every stu­ dent knows what they are.

Lastly, such a thing as profanity should be unknown at our institution, and it is anything but a credit to us that it is not. * * 4» #

On Manners

The first and by far the most important requisite of a gentleman at the present day, a distinction upon which all society is probably more or less based, is undoubt-

edly manners.

By manners we do not understand, as is the supposition of the majority of people, a polished, affected politeness, which the “performer” has me­ chanically practiced and learned from a book on etiquette. People of this type are usually dismissed from society to associate with themselves. True politeness consists not only in grace of action and words, but also in feeling.

Unaffected manners are ever a true index to the character, bringing to light both the moral and cultural state of man. It is a most universally mistaken notion that rough manners, not having been distinguished from frankness, prove honesty of character. An honest man may possess rough manners, but a dishonest one always has.

Learning or knowledge does not of necessity give rise to good manners.

Some great men have been notoriously uncouth and boorish in their per­ sonal habits. But these debasing elements are not necessarily, we hope, connected with superior ability. Johnson was great “in spite of” his con­ temptible manners, not “because of” them. Generally, as we can plainly see by observing the educated, we find manners to be the most important characteristic by which they can be distinguished from the common people.

Manners also imply neatness in dress and cleanliness in appearance.

Cleanliness is the first mark of politeness. It is not only agreeable to others but also a very pleasant sensation to ourselves. A clean, neat appearance is always a good letter of introduction. Most wholesome is the advice of a certain man who says, “Dress so as to excite no comment.” Remember that clothes do not make the man, but they often make the world’s opinion of a man. No matter how poor you are financially, you can wear clean, neat clothes if you will. The world often judges by external appearance.

We, who live at a boarding school, are most likely to disregard the most commonplace rules of politeness because our associations are entirely too limited. Our relations to our fellow-students are so close that the feeling of respect, which ought to exist among us, is in great danger of being at least partially eliminated.

Among the advantages of good manners are: they tend to cultivate the esteem and affection of our fellow-men; they form a barrier by which the ignorant are barred from society; they constitute a characteristic of higher civilization.

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THE BLACK AND RED

How many of us are conscious of the advantages we reap by attending an educational institution in a small city? At first thought one is likely to consider the ad­ vantages of the small city in this respect as far inferior to those of the great city, or even to regard the location of a college in a small city as a distinct detriment to its development. For the small city has no great public libraries, or museums, or art galleries, or theatres to offer the student. Yet there are things to be considered that point conclu­ sively to the superiority of the small city. We do not consider the effect upon the morality of the student in the city, laboring as he does under the multitude of temptations that are synonymous with the word “great city.”

While this alone would justify our contention, yet there is an argument of another kind that we would advance in favor of the small city. The city institution can never enjoy a dominating influence in the community. No, there are far too many factors that contend with it. Hence it does not stand forth alone, but its influences are almost lost in those of the city, and the result is a lack of individuality. The institution in the small city, on the contrary, either does or else will in the course of time dominate the whole community of which it forms the center. It acquires an individuality that is quite out of the question in the large city. And it is this individualism alone that can bring a college to the highest standard of efficiency. The culture and refinement that it diffuses will stamp itself upon the whole com­ munity. And only when an institution has succeeded in creating about itself a certain atmosphere imbued with a culture and refinement typical of itself and of its aims, can it be said to be fulfilling its functions. Because it lends itself far the more readily to this process, the small city and not the metropolis is the natural and proper home of the college.

Th© Small City and the College \ ;

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COLLEGE NOTES School opened Wednesday morning, August 27. Although some stu­ dents were not on time, most of them returned within a few" days. Over fifty new boys have made their appearance. Besides some have returned who had discontinued their studies during the course of the last year. Most of the newcomers entered the preparatory class, while the enrollment of the college classes remains practically unchanged, excepting the Sophomore class. This class has probably suffered most in the loss of members, but it has in part been re-enforced by the appearance of six new men from Dr. M. C. College, New Ulm, Minn., who have completed the course at that place.

Few improvements had been found necessarv. A new cement walk has been laid along College Avenue and up Western Avenue. The studies of the new dormitory have been furnished with curtains, which the afternoon study-hours of the new-arranged program especially made necessary. The

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room adjoining the Inspector’s office.has been transformed into a reference room, which will greatly aid the student in the pursuance of his studies, especially after it has received a sufficient number of reference works re­ ferring to the different branches of education. But the many empty shelves point to a certain ailment. Could not somebody suggest a remedy?

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The N. W, U. Military Company Though the enrollment of our company is comparatively small—about three and a half squads—it will in all probability enjoy a respectable in­ crease this year. Until now about forty-five recruits have enlisted. It seems as though this small proportion points to a certain unpopularity. This ought not to be. The student who simply looks on and does not join the military company (or the band, for that matter) is missing something—a chance for improvement so favorable in every respect, an improvement that he cannot hope to regain elsewhere or in later years. Why does he think such a society should exist in a college ? The excellency of military training as such is invaluable, which fact needs no demonstration. Everyone, there­ fore, ought to make it a point to join the military company.

The former captain, Mr. H. Diehl, who was a member of the graduating class, is succeeded by Capt. Phil. PI. Koehler, who is to hold the position for two years. The other officers of rank are: first lieutenant, Ehrenfried Berg; second lieutenant, Leonard Zeisler; first sergeant, Karl Toepel; sec­ ond sergeant, Reinhard Ziesemer; third sergeant, Herbert Kirchner; fourth sergeant and quartermaster, Arthur Hanke; fifth sergeant and assistant quartermaster, Herman Marquardt: color bearer, August Luepke; corporals, Henry Koch, Walter Reinemann, Karl Dornfeld, Adolph Vallesky, Henry Schroeder, Arthur Franz.

The officers of the society are: President, Ehrenfried Berg; vice-presi­ dent. Herman Marquardt; secretary, Philip H. Koehler; treasurer, Leonard Zeisler. *4\ + A Literary Entertainment On Saturday, September 21, the students with a few instructors and friends enjoyed a pleasant evening in the chapel of the Recitation Hall, when Prof. C. Bowman of Milwaukee, the celebrated lecturer and imper­ sonator, tendered them a literary program. His introduction by Prof. A. F. Ernst met the applause of the students, who recognized in him a friend whom they had already learned to appreciate in a former lecture. Prof.

Bowman thereupon responded and opened the program with the selection “Hello,” by S. Fox. The most notable numbers that followed were: Act I, Scene III of Shakespeare’s “Merchant of Venice,” the thrilling chapter in “Quo Vadis” describing the fight between barbarian and bull, resulting in the death of the latter, and R. Barr’s “Gentlemen, the

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King.” Interspersed were a number of humorous and pathetic selections, as ‘‘Cook’s Monologue,” ‘‘The Hoosier,” and “School-meeting in District No. 13,” by Robinson. . .

The audience was greatly impressed and the appreciation for his art which he had already won was undoubtedly deepened by the rendering of this program. It is hoped that Prof. Bowman will soon make his appear­ ance again. £} 0 0 C)

ALUMNI Protokoll der Jahresversammlung des Alumni-Vcrcins zu Watertown, den 18. Juni, 1907.

Die Sitzung wurde in Abwesenheit des Prases vom Sekretar crofFnct.

Prof. H. Frank wurde als Prases pro tern erwahlt. Anwcscnd warcn die folgenden Glieder: Prof. A. Pieper, P. Chr. Sauer, P. William Iiuth, Prof. Dr. J. II. Ott, P. Julius Gaium, Prof. Dr. A. Hoermann, P. Otto Hagedorn, P. E. Schulz, Prof. A. Kuhn, Prof. Wm. Notz, Fraulein W. Christiansen, P. Benjamin Schlueter, Prof. H. Frank, P. Solomon Jcdele, Edmund Blicfernicht, P. Leonard Kirst, Prof. Adolph Baebcnroth, Rudolf Ernst, Christian J. Sauer, R. Owen, Arnold Eickmann.

Der Vorschlag wurde gemacht und angenommcn, die diesjahrigen Abiturienten als Glieder in den Verein aufzunehmen, namlich die TTerren: An­ drew Braemer, Henry Diehl, Wm. Eggert, Hans Gaeblcr, H. Geiger, M. Hensel, Oscar Hover, George Luedtke, J. Nieghorn, Edwin Sauer, A. Sclialler, Th. Sclioewe, F. Stern.

Der Schatzmeister, Herr Dr. J. H. Ott, verlas seinen Bericht, woraus hervorging das der Kassenbestand $129.58 war. Die Ilerren, P. Wm. Huth und R. Ernst, als Prufungskomite, berichteten, die Bucher des Schatzmeisters richtig gefunden zu haben.

Der von Dr. Hoermann gemachte Vorschlag alien Graduirten des Akademischen Kursus Mitgliedschaft im Alumniverein zu gewahren, veranlasste wohl eine eingehende Debatte, wurde aber angenommen.

Prof. Notz schlug vor, das der Verein sich bemuhen sollte die Bilder aller ehemaligen Profcssoren der Anstalt zu bekommen. Der Vorsilzer ernannte auf Beschluss des Vereins ein Komite aus den Herren Professoren Notz, Frank, Dr. Ott bestehend, um die Moglichkeit ieses Unternehmens in Erwagung zu ziehen und den Verein in der nachsten Jahresversammlung dariiber Bericht zu erstatten.

Wie iiblich beschloss man auch dieses Jahr der Anstalts-Bibliothek ein bedeutendes Werk zu stiften und zwar „Die Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien,“ von Engler u. Prantl.

Der Chronist, Herr Prof. A. Kuhn, berichtete, das der Verein in Jahrcslaufe kein Mitglied durch den Tod verloren babe, ferner dass in Milwau-

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kee wahrend dem vergangenen Jahre ein Banquet unter zahlreicher und grosser Begeisterung von dem Northwestern Klub gehalten wurde. Herr Prof. Pieper machte aufmerksam, dass das Interesse bei den Northwestern Klubs hauptsachlich nur ein sociales sein konne, das des Alumnivereins aber ein speciell kirchliches sei.

Auf Einladung des Vereins schilderte Herr Prof. Adolph Baebenroth in interessantcr Weise seine Eindriicke der amerikanischen „Collegesu im Osten. Herr P. Julius Gamm der Aufforderung des Vereins nachkommend, sprach in kurzen Worten seine Freude dariiber aus, dass es ihm gewahrt sei wieder einmal einer Sitzung des Alumnivereins beizuwohnen. Er erwahnte gewisse Fortschritte die ihm aufgefallen, richtete aber auch die Aufmerksamkeit auf einige Befurfnisse der Anstalt. Auf Vorschlag P. Huths votierte der Verein den beiden Herren seinen herzlichsten Dank.

Es wurde ferner beschlossen, dass wie im vorigen Jahre, auch bei der nachstcn Jahresversammlung ein gerniithlicher Abend arrangirt werde, und die Alumnen aus der Fakultat die notigen Vorkehrungen treffen mochten.

Past. Chr. Saner, Sekretar.

Ralph A. Owen, Sekretar pro. tern. a 0

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Personal Notes.

—The former students who received degrees from the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin upon the completion of the courses are: Miss A. Ernst, M. A. in French and German; John Whyte, M .A. in German; Win. Notz, M. A. in Hebrew; Alexander Uehling, B. A. in Commerce; Gerhardt Brennecke, B. A. in English Literature: Ralf Wiggenhorn, B. A. in English Literature. Mr. Wiggenhorn will continue his studies in law. Mr. Uehling has accepted a position in the adminis­ trative department of the Dornfeldt-Kunert Company of Watertown.

—Oswald Oerding, member of the class of 1902, until recently manager of the circulation department of The Advocate, a newspaper published in Green Bay, Wisconsin, will hereafter represent the Milwaukee Free Press in similar capacity in the territory covering Northern Michigan and Northern Wisconsin.

—Herman Zimowski, who continued his studies at Yale University, New Haven, Conn,, graduated from the Sheffield College of the university.

He has taken a position as instructor at a military academy in Tennessee.

In addition he intends to take charge of the athletic department, a posi­ tion, we rest assured, he will fill satisfactorily. We recall the laurels he won for his Alma Mater while representing our institution in inter-col­ legiate athletic battles.

—Julius Dammann, who graduated in 1892, is president of the Dammann Hat Company, manufacturers and dealers in up-to-date men’s head dress.

Mr. Dammann has charge of the marketing of the goods, salesrooms being located at 220 West Water Street, Milwaukee, Wis.

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—Gisle Bothne, ’79, is now Professor of Scandinavian Literature and Lan­ guages in the University of Minnesota.

—F. Wurl, ’84, of East Boston, Mass., visited Watertown during vacation.

—G. Bergemann, ’85, has been elected first vice-president of the Wisconsin Synod and a member of the Board of Trustees.

—Edw. Lemke, ’90, is now on the staff of the Milwaukee Herold.

—M. Sprengling, ’84, visited the college on the 23d of September. He is continuing his work in Hellenistic Greek and Semitics at the Chicago University.

—Jul. Dammann, ’92, and Albert Dammann, ’95, are now engaged in busi­ ness in Milwaukee.

—E. Eckelmann, ’97, visited Watertown during vacation. He is still con­ nected with Dartmouth College.

—G. Kuhn, ’97, has taken unto himself a wife. He is now pastor at Jor­ dan, Minn.

—G. Hanschild, ’00, is now with the German department of the University of Iowa.

—Miss Cornelia Notz, ’oi, has lately obtained a position as cataloguer in Yale University.

—Theoph. Schroedel, ’02, is still instructor of German in the University of Minnesota.

—Miss Theod. Bittner, ’05, is teaching school at Fort Atkinson (Rev. Nicholas’s congregation).

—Ralph Owen, ’05, is principal of the high school at Cobb, Lafayette County, Wis. —John Whyte, ’05, M. A., commenced last June in the University of Wis­ consin. He continues his graduate work there, having obtained another scholarship in German.

—Ernest Heilmann, ’05, is taking graduate work in German in the Uni­ versity of Wisconsin.

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—E. Guenther, ’08, transacted business at Milwaukee for the N. W. U. football team September 7.

—Mr. Fred Motzkus, from Wauwatosa Seminary, visited his brother Wal­ ter, To, and friends September 10.

—H. Eickhoff, former member of the class of To, visited friends Sep­ tember 10.

—The Rev. Wm. Mahnke from Newburg called on his brother Louis, Prep.

—Raymond, Prep., and Harry Huth, Prep., visited their parents at Hustisford September 1.

—P. J. Bergmann, ’09, was at his home in Milwaukee September 14.

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—John Schmieder, ’08, Paul Hensel, ’08, and Paul Kirsch, ’08, paid the Rev. Kammholz a visit September 14 and 15.

—The Rev. and Mrs. Oscar Hanser from Horicon called on their son Hugo, ’ll, on September 14.

—Charles F. Bacrwald, ’11, visited his parents at Juneau September 15.

—Martin Ruppel, Prep., was called on by his father, Mr. G. C. Ruppel, and his sister. Miss Henrietta Ruppel, from Baltimore, Md., on September 16.

—Mr. F. Kowalke visited his son Edwin, ’08, September 16.

—Mr. R. Doering from Waterloo paid a call to Adolf Pankow, ’09, on September 16.

—A. R. Vallcskcy, ’it, was home at Collins, Wis., on September 17, and officiated as best man at the wedding of his brother, Mr. M. G. Valleskey.

—Mrs. G. E. Bergcmann visited her son Hans, Prep., September 17.

—Mr. Gust. Koschei, from Winona, Minn., called on his son Oscar, Prep., on September 18.

—Martin Hilgendorf and Lester Harrison, from Juneau, paid a visit to E. F. Zell. ’08, on September 19.

—Rcinhold Guenterberg, Prep., was visited by his father, Mr. L. Guenterberg, from I Iustisford, on September 19.

—Mr. I I. F. Zimowski visited here for several days in September.

—Miss Mary Parsch called on her brother William, Prep., September 20.

—Mr. William Ziebell, from Waterloo, paid a visit to his son Albert, Prep., on September 21.

—Reinhold Fenske, Prep., was called by his father, Mr. Aug. Fenske, from I Iustisford, on September 21.

—Walter Pankow, Prep., visited his home at Waterloo September 22.

—Mrs. E. Kuolt, from Milwaukee, was a visitor to her son Erwin, Prep., on September 23.

—Walter Keibel attended the wedding of his aunt, Mrs. Duerr, at Kirchhayn, September 24.

—Mrs. Schrocdcr visited her sons George, Prep., and Carl, Prep., Sep­ tember 24.

—Walter Winkcl, a former N. W. U. student, was a caller on Reinliold Stievc, ’10, on September 25.

—The Rev. F. Thrun of Bay City paid a short visit to his sons Walter, Prep., and Gerhard, Prep., on September 25.

—John March, Prep., attended the wedding of his sister at Theresa, Sep­ tember 26. Wedding guests likewise were, Walter, Prep., and Gerhard Thrun, Prep., cousins to the bride.

—A number of students were pleasantly entertained at the home of the Rev. J. Klingmann, September 26.

—Edward F. Zell, Jo8, transacted business at Juneau, September 28.

—Herbert Koch, ’11, was at his home in Columbus, September 28..

—Mr. H. A. Clapp, from Milwaukee, paid Paul Kirsch, ’08, a visit, Sep­ tember 26.

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—Clemens Kambe, Prep., visited his parents, Mr. and Mrs. C. P. J. Kambe, at Horicon, September 28.

—G. Westerhaus, 5o8, P. Horn, ’08, H. Schneider, ’08, M. Wagner, ’08, and J. Krubsack, ’11, spent a pleasant evening at the home of Mr. Otto Wagner, September 29.

—Edward Luckow, Prep., visited his parents at Hubbleton, September 27.

—Louis Vogel, Prep., attended the funeral of his uncle, Mr. Mike Vogel, at Cedarburg, September 30.

—The total number of students now attending the N. W. U. is 240.

0\jr Contemporaries

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After a long period of absence The Thistle (St. Leonards-On-Sea) has again put in its appearance. Among other articles of interest is one entitled “Wanderings in Northern France,” consisting of a highly interesting sketch of Paris and its people and of a description of numerous other points of scenic or historic interest in the northern part of France. A well-written exchange column is another praiseworthy feature of The Thistle.

The story of how Harding Jackson, sociologist and philanthropist, dis­ covers in Bud Walker the prototype of a “distinct, as yet undiscovered class of the human species” is told in “Nature’s Cosmopolitan”(Marquette Col­ lege Journal, Milwaukee). Unfortunately for the unsuspecting Mr. Jackson, however, his “unique and newly discovered specimen” discloses certain un­ mistakably human propensities, and all the thanks that Jackson gets for his discovery is to be relieved of his watch, his match-case and every other article of value about his person.

The Lake Breeze (Sheboygan, Wis.) returned to our table after an absence of a number of months. A noteworthy feature is that its pages are well interspersed with quotations from Wordsworth, Heine and other poets.

The literary department of the Comcnian (Bethlehem, Pa.) is excep­ tionally strong, the articles all being of a serious nature. Othello, the Moor of Venice, clearly yet briefly shows how the different passions, love and hatred, tenderness and resentment, jealousy and remorse, alternately gain the ascendency in Othello’s mind and how Othello, in consequence, presents a highly interesting study for the psychological student. In the “Unknown Great” the writer treats of that great body of humanity that unselfishly and without hope of earthly reward devotes himself to the good of others. While this body, which the writer has chosen to style the “Unknown Great/’ is in the majority, we may look for an upward progress in the race, and were it but to include the whole of humanity then Earth would be a Utopia.

Practical religion touches upon a subject affording abundant opportunity for thought and study. In the editorial column are a number of little sen­ tence sermons of which “Poor Richard” himself must have been proud had they been the product of his pen. Some of them, such as the following, are

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remarkably pointed and ingenious: “Self-conceited is self-defeated.”

“Egotism is self-reliance on parade.” “Jealousy is usually Admiration with a wry face.” “Laziness is often another name for inability.”

“Small-Pox” in Docinc Owl (Crete, Neb.) presents a somewhat novel situation, vet one that every observer of human nature will be able to ap­ preciate. The scene is laid, suggestively, in Freegossip, a small village in which the Jenkins family has just taken up its residence. Across the way Mrs. Stowe and Mrs. Bouncer are entertaining themselves with the village gossip when Dr. Blodgett calls at the home of the newly settled family.

This is sufficient cause to arouse attention. Later he is seen to return with a red placard in bis hand. Without further inquiry the report is circulated that the Jenkins family has brought small-pox into the village. An epi­ demic is certain to break out. and the excitement knows no bounds until the truth leaks out that the good doctor’s visits were not of a professional nature at all. but that the occasion of his call was the birthday of his niece, he being a relative of the Jenkins family. The terrible placard turns out to have been nothing more dangerous than a red-covered picture-book.

In “Shakespeare’s Quotable Passages” (Lesbian Herald, Frederick, Md.) the writer endeavors to show that in Shakespeare there are passages dealing with every phase of human nature, passages illustrative of the whole philosophy of life. Some abound in genial humor, as, “I can call spirits from the vasty deep.”

Why so can 1 or so can any one.

But will they come when you do call them? In others we find a keen appreciation of nature: “It comes over my ear like the sweet sound That breathes upon a bed of violets.

Stealing and giving odors.”

Others again are in the nature of pointed sentence sermons: “No legacy is so rich as honesty,” and “Smooth runs the water where the brook is deep.” Si ill others treat of love: “Speak low if you speak of love.”

Not only on these subjects do they touch, but also on fear, on hatred, on ambition, on sorrow, on vanity; in fact they touch upon every passion to which the human is subject. “Maxime’s Slipper” is a charming little tale, quite above reproach. The exchange column is also worthy of comment, being well up to the standard.

“Hannibal of Carthage,” in the Abbey Student (Atchison, Kas.), is a thoroughly readable and interesting characterization, the writer appearing to enter fully into the appreciation of the wonderful personality of the sub­ ject of his sketch.

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ATHLETICS. WHITEWATER O, NORTHWESTERN 7.

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With the Whitewater game on June 15 our baseball season came to a close. The last game was in no way so interesting and exciting as most of the earlier games had been. The fact that the score was 7 to o shows that the game was very one-sided. Koehler played a good game, striking out twelve men to the visitor’s five. Taken all in all, the Whitewater boys were in no way able to cope with Captain Kowalke’s champions, who played an excellent game, not making a single error.

Probably it would not be out of place to give a resume of the season at this time. When the team opened its season in April, Captain Kowalke saw a difficult task before him. The three most responsible positions, at pitcher, catcher, and second base, were vacant. It is evident, therefore, that we all expected a season decorated with defeats under the prevailing condi­ tions, especially after Manager Guenther had announced the strong sched­ ule that was awaiting us. But it was due to the discretion of the captain and the efforts of the several players that the unexpected result was ob­ tained. With every victory new enthusiasm was gained, and soon they strove to obtain the banner, bearing the twelve letters of the championship, which banner was also granted them. And we believe that the majority of our opponents approve of the statement made by Lawrence: “If any team was destined to defeat us and take the championship, we are glad it is Northwestern.”

Scarcely had all the boys settled down in their different quarters, when the first enthusiasts were already seen kicking the football across the field.

About a week later Captain Kowalke, who so successfully led the baseball team during the last season, called out his men for practice. At present not much can be said about the team, as the captain has not definitely de­ cided upon his men for the different positions. He is, however, working hard and giving his men good practice. Every player has confidence in him and is practicing hard. It is certain that what can be obtained with the material Captain Kowalke will obtain. If we but remember what one who is an authority o nfootball said a few days ago, we will certainly be vic­ torious and successful. He said: “Training plays ten per cent, of the game, while college spirit and enthusiasm plays the other ninety per cent.”

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We surely have the college spirit and enthusiasm, though the training is lacking to a certain extent.

Manager Guenther has been giving attention to his schedule since last spring and he announces the following schedule: October 5—Ripon at Ripon.

October 14—Lawrence at Watertown.

October 19—Lake Forest at Watertown.

October 26—Marquette at Milwaukee.

November 2—Oshkosh Normals at Watertown.

November 16—Carroll at Waukesha.

The following are the names of the Watertown business men who con­ tributed to Northwestern's athletic fund. Students should not fail to patronize them: Wegemann, Faber & Kaerchcr.$5.oo Watertown Pub. Co... ........ 5-oo J. C. Gruel................... ...... 3-°° H. W. Kronitz............. ...... 3-°° Schempf Bros............... ......... 300 Wm. F. Brandt & Sons ...... 3-°° Win. G. Pritzlaff.......... ........ 3-oo H. Winkenwcrdcr .... ........3-oo Hertel & Hoffmann.... ........... 3-00 W. H. Mcync............... ....... 3-o° W. H. Beach............... ........... 2.50 W. D. Sproesser.......... ........... 2.00 2.00 Wm. Hartig...............

Chas. A. Ganim............

2.00 Fred Gamin.................

2.00 2.00 Watertown Photo Co..

Dr. E. J. Hoennann....

2.00 2.00 Ratke & Son.................

2.00 Wm. Gorder............... .

2.00 G. Gahlmann............... .

2.00 Wat. Elec. & Gas Co..

Mueller & Luedtke.......

1.50 Ben H. Rieck.................

1.50 Leo Ruesch .................

1.00 H. E. Baumann.............

1.00

Jawkey Crowley H. Co Dr. F. Kusel...............

Jos. Salick & Son........

Aug. Wiggenhorn___ H. Reichert ...............

Rev. M. L. Everez___ Mr. C. Buerger...........

F. Kosser...................

Wm. Kraemer...........

E. Herro......................

R. II. B........................

H. Wertheimer ...........

W. Bittner ...................

Jacdecke & Grams.......

Knick Bros....................

N. N..............................

Dieter & Ullrich...........

W. Dickoff...................

F. C. Wilkowski...........

H. Eberle.....................

Dr. Schlueter...............

H. Stube .......................

G. Zoelle.......................

H. Tetzlaff...................

C. Sommerfeld ...........

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

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CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

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—Football!

—Himmelfahrtsnase!

—Elende Kreuzzugsreliquie!

—Dolly (translating Dolabella, qui mihi carissimus est) : „Dolabella, die mir die Liebste ist.”

—P-p-r (to a band member) : “Are you going to buy some extry phones (saxophones) this year?” ' —Prof.: “Why does your appearance cause such a disturbance?”

Pa: “I can’t help it that I am so attractive.”

—Prep. I. “How do the flies get inside of the electric light ?”

Prep. II. “They come in with the current.”

—Twin: “Who is your monitor, K-b-1 ?”

K-b-1: “Mons parvus not mons biggus.”

—D-f-d (translating apes consonantes fecerunt): „Dic Affen machten Konsonanten.”

—One-half Twin (philosophizing) : “A person should not stay out later than eleven, because then it begins to get early.”

—Sextaner: “Who is captain of the orchestra?”

—What will not man do in an extremity? Sometimes he will even quote Shakespeare. Not long ago someone being unable to continue with a translation from Cicero was heard to exclaim: “A kingdom for a pony.”

—B-rg-r: “I belong to the Appalachian race.”

—Yip has become an ardent football enthusiast. Being struck in the solar plexus during a scrimmage, he gave vent to some of his psychological knowledge in the exclamation: „Ach mein Nervus opticus.” A little learning is a dangerous thing, Yip! —The president and the vice-president of the Anti-exertion club were kick­ ing a football the other day. According to the rules of the society they ought to be punished. As a curious fact it may be added, that the officers of this society are elected by a competition in doing nothing, the laziest one becoming president. The present president was even too lazy to enter into the competition and therefore was elected unanimously.

—Septimaner: “What’s a football coach?”

Sextaner: “That’s a wagon for hauling the crippled players off the field.”

—Ever since the new assistant librarian has taken charge of his dignified position the hords of mice that used to make their homes among the

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ancient volumes have taken French leave. Their instinct must have warned them of his feline disposition.

—Bill’s motto is: Zar will, Bill muss.

—Shorty Behn is taking great interest in musical instruments of late. His newest acquisition is a horn in E. We wish him all possible success.

—Yip, having been bothered much by flies of late, determined to have a general massacre. Upon the fatal day he covered his table with a layer of tanglefoot and began the attack. Dictionaries, Ciceros, Homers and other frightful missiles endangered the surroundings. However, good-natured as he is, his wrath soon subsided and he fell asleep. His head sank down upon the table among the tanglefoot and his unfortunate victims. When he awoke he was speechless for some time, his mouth being pasted shut.

So this plan had been unsuccessful, but he soon hit upon another. He designed a fly-trap, whose intricacies we cannot explain here; enough it was a success. Since then he has succeeded in taming and training some flies, which he intends to exhibit in one of Hagenbeck’s shows.

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—The only joke that The Black and Red box contained last month was one on the editor—it was empty. This joke gets stale quickly and we hope it will not be cracked again.

F. a. KECK & CO.

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ARROW Clupeco Shrunk Quarter Size Collar IS cents each; 2 for 25 cents CLUETT, PEABODY & CO. Makers of Cluett onJ Monarch Shirts

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D. & F. KUSEL CO. DR. E. J. HOBRMANN DENTIST Office Hours: 8.30 to 12 A. M.—1 to 6 P. M. Evenings and Sundays by Appointment.

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606-608 Main St.

For the Personal Consideration of the Lovers of

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Headquarters for New Ideas in POST CARDS

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GAMM'S CORNER DRUG STORE

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Headquarters for Souvenir Posta.1 Cards Drugs, Medicinhs, Toilet Soaps, Cigars and Tobacco Prescriptions a Specialty

WM. KRAMER 114 W. Main and 210 North Second Tel. 155-x snd 641

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IF YOU WANT FIRST-CLASS AND SATISFACTORY

Photos ...GO TO...

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F. E. WOODARD, Cashier.

M. J. WOODARD, Vice-President.

E. J. BRANDT, 2 Vice-President.

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Ben H. Rieck PROPRIETOR OF THE

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Gorder Block.

604 Main Street WATERTOWN,

Base Ball Supplies Foot Ball Supplies Tennis Goods Croquet Sets 1} Boxing Gloves Hunching Bags

WISCONSIN

WM. G. PRiTZLAFF 8 CO.

i

Schlueter Bros'. .1

MERCHANT IO CENT CIGAR AND

ARC

LEAD

5C CIGAR

THEM

ALL.

105 Main St. Watertown, Wis.

307 Main St.,

Watertown

Indian Clubs Dumb Bells Lawn Swings Hammocks Fishing Tackle Guns and Ammunition

*

DR. T. F. SHINNICK Dr. A. JL Schlueter ;

DENTIST

■

313 Mala Street Over Gruetzmacher’e Store, ■

;

Watertown, Wl«.

Offce Hours. 9 to 11 a. m. 2 to 4 and 7 to 8 p. m.

Office 115 MAIN Phone 89-x Residence, 208 N. 5th St. Phone 273-x.

l

For the best Photos VACATION

BARGAINS Wo offer to the students a small box of SEA ROSE CIGARS for 83c. Regular price $1. As the number is limited only one box goes to a student. Or­ ders may be left at 1018 Main street or

Heutnann $ Rmm MAKERS lib North Second Street

GO TO

flt Wright’s Ground floor Gallery.

REMEMBER quality remains after price is forgotten.

FIRST CLASS

Barber Shop and Bath Rooms 118 North Second St.

Radtke & Son

Geo. Zoelle, P op.

MANUFACTURE OF

Pure Delicious Ice Cream and Candies We guarantee our goods. Pure and best in the market.

Phone 532 117 West Main St.

STALLMANN BROS. GROCERS

AUG. WIGGENHQRN JEWELER 13 Main Street.

. . . Buchhelt Block.

H. C. REICHERT

of all kinds in Season. Good tilings to eat.

JOHN E. HEISMANN

Violin Piano and Harmony Studio 109 Main St. Third Floor.

Above Hertel & Hoffmanns Clothing Store

TEACHER. OF

FROSTS

116 Main Street. ’Phone 62.

•:

£ it

Phone your Drug “Wants” tO DO. 196 « «

« .

The August Gamm

Crockery and Glassware Go. —Dealers in—

m. B. meyne Drug go. the ThxaZl Store

Ciocery Glassware Lamps Bar Goods Stone Ware Flower Pots, Etc. Cor. Main and N. Fourth Sts.

Watertown, Wis.

Main Street

Cole Block

Jos. Salick & Son YOU ALL KNOW THE PLACE

HERRO’S

jewelers and Opticians Special Attention is given to testing Eyes and Fitting of Glasses.

Eyes Tested Free.

Baseball and Sporting 6ood$ i and 3 Main Street.

Watertown. Wis.

WE KEEP THE BEST '

FRUIT IN TOWN.

F. W. KURZWEG DEALER IN

i

The Largest Assortment of

Kodachs and Photographic Supplies at KN1CK BROS. U5 Third St.

Watertown, Wis.

----- TRY-----

Wiggenhorn Bros.

BADGER STATE or LATEST OUT CIGAR.

Fine Boots, Shoes and Rubbers Please Give Us a Trial.

We Try to Give Satisfaction.

402 Main Street.

OTTO HEYN BIBLES, SONG BOOKS, CHURCH GOODS IN GENERAL. School Supplies a Specialty.

409 Main Street.

s For Style, Fit and Economy Wear

Leo Ruesch’s Shoes

=

THIS IS THE

E

210 MAIN STREET.

GAMUTS CORNER DRUG STORE

:=

At Main and First Sts.

Pur Drugs ana medicines Domestic and Havana Cigars Prescriptions a Specialty Your patronage respectsully so­ licited.

Tt (Dill Pay Vou to advertise in the BLACK and RED

H. J. STUBE SHOE, STORE

IT IS ONE OF THIRTY STYLES WE CARRY

No matter what you wear in col­ lars we have it in the

cm peco, SHRUNK ARROW

309 Main St., Between 3rd and 4th.

BAUMANN’S

These are the best wearing Collars made in Troy-----

HOME-MADE CANDIES

15 CTS EACH, 2 FOR 25 CTS.

Guaranteed pure, wholesome and nutritious. We invite inspection and comparison.

Our candy is made for those who know what is good. Ice cream parlor in connec­ tion. Ice cream delivered to any part of the city.

212 W. Mein St.

Phon© 92-x

Wegemann- Faber -Kaercher Co.

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1

The NEW SPRING STYLES The New Method Laundry has removed their laundry to the Watertown Sfeam Laundry building, No. 218 First street.

DIETER

ULLRICH

Proprietors

in YOUNG MEN’S SUITS “MORA” HATS. “GRIFFON BRAND’ SHIRTS will soon be here.

WATERTOWN DAILY LEADER ;

Watertown’s Upto-date Morning Paper, SEAGER’S

Rarber Shop and Hath Rooms

You must see them before you buy anything NEW for Spring.

SCHEMPF BROS. CO., The Big Cash Store

JPECKE \ GTO DEALERS IN

Fruits, Staple and Fancy Groceries.

108 MAIN STREET

5 Berths for $1.00 J. C. SEAGER, Prop,

All goods delivered promptly to all parts of the city fre6 of charge.

THE C. G. CONN CO. WONDER BAND ORCHESTRA AND SOLO INSTRUMENTS Are Unrivalled for TONE, TUNE ACTION, MODELS, MECHANISM, and have the Endorsement of the Great Bandmasters and Musical artists of the world. The only Perfect Instruments made for either Professional or Amateur Players. They meet the most exacting requirements.

For Illustrated Catalogue giving description of instru­ ments, with prices and terms of payment, address

C. G. CONN COMPANY, Elkhart, Ind. COLLEGE AND GLASS PENANTS

QUIN SPOUTING GOODS CO.

Mado to order in special designs.

Prices quoted upon request.

Milwaukee. Wis.

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...MAKERS OF... :'-'C£vn

FINE ATHLETIC AND SPOUTING GOODS Special Discounts to Schools and Colleges.

;

Felt Pennants $3 per doz. and up Send for free 28 page illustrated circu­ Write for Catalog. lar of Novelties for schools and cadets, including American flags, Bauners, Belt Buckles, Military Books, Brigade Rifles, THE BESTand CHEAPEST HOUSE Button Holders, Clothing Ilangqrs, Pry­ J-w'?CL!rL0l!fFi B? gr I uL°5JRA35-----2rc-:v] ing Pan Clocks, Cravat Pins, Cuff But­ CATAUOjLS-—III tons, Penauts, Mat Pins, Jerseys, .Sweat­ ers, Tights, Fountain Pens, Trouser Stretchers,’Varsity Flags,Watch Fobs, etc The Pettibone Bros. Mfg. Com’y K BAND&.ORCHESTRA ~ REFUNDED Mfg’s. of Uniforms, Military and Secret R naiU3«oi07C. SATISFACTION CuARAHTCCOI OR MONCT j |J.WPEPPER 8g&L0CUSTSI? PHILADA.PA Society Supplies, Cincinnati, 0.

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It Stands 0\it Boldly The value in our Spring Neckwear. That’s why we make bold to say that with our new weaves in every good new pattern and color, wo can fix you out with good neckwear.

We have plenty of natty four-in-hands at 25 and 50c. Our Negligee Shirts look good enough to eat. Such a variety of select patterns that you may nick what you will; it will he a choice selection. From $1 to $2.50.

-

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Hertel Sc Hoffmann ;•

w. D. SPROESSER & CO.

i

JEWELERS aaaigBSBBaagfMa PIANOS AND ORGANS Telephone No. 2594y

213 Main Street WATERTOWN, WISCONSIN

SEAGER’S

I|arber Shop am!

Pat!) Rooms 108 MAIN STREET 5 Barths for $1.00 J. C. SEAGER. Prop.

: : :

STALLMANN BROS. GROCERS . . Buchheit Block.

of all kinds in Season. Good tilings to .eat.

JOHN E. HESSMANN 116 M ain Street. ’Phone 62.

Volume XI.

Watertown, Wisconsin, November, 1907.

0

Numbers 6

LITERARY Cs**ste in the United S atcs.

ARTHUR WERNER, ’ll.

Caste! This word involuntarily carries us to far-off India, the land of the Brahmans and Pariahs, where class distinction forms a most impor­ tant element in the government of the nation. But what does this term signify in connection with the United States, the “land of the free?” Has this great country of ours, whose boast is that all men are created equal, harriers social and political which it is impossible to cross? Has caste, that dreaded disease of the East, on its triumphant march westward, crossed the Atlantic and reached out hospitable shores, which welcome the poor and oppressed and promise to rank them with our best and ablest citizens? Has our great republic not proved immune to this malady and will it eventually fall a victim to this blighting pestilence of the Orient? I fear that a mere glance at some of our important institutions will convince the most san­ guine of observers that caste is working with a vengeance in the New World as well as in the Old. In our army, which is thought to be most democratic, the lines of caste are drawn closer and closer. We have seen an officer banished from so­ ciety and expelled from the army because he married a sergeant’s daughter —married out of his caste: had he been a Hindu and had done the same thing, he could not have been persecuted with more ardor and hatred.

Within the last eight years an all but successful effort was made to prevent promotion from the ranks. No soldier should attain command through merit or exertion, but must be of the officers’ caste if he wished to occupy a high position in the army. We were to have no more Lawtons and Logans. Men were to be commanders, not because they possessed military genius, but because they were graduates of West Point. This may all be well as far as it goes, and a professional training without doubt has its ad­ vantages. but is it the best way of meeting a dark future? Does not historv teach us that some of the best generals have risen from the rank and file? Has the caste system in the army not been instrumental in over­ throwing a nation ? It is history that the once invincible army of Frederic the Great, with its officers belonging to the caste of nobility, went down before the armies of France. The officers of the French army, of the great

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THE BLACK AND RED

Napoleon, had risen from the rank and file. Had Germany not been ham­ pered by caste in the army the tide of war might have been turned. Shall we not profit by such an example as this?

The same spirit of caste pervades our navy. Since the introduction of steam there have been two branches to the American naval service, the line and the staff. The staff officers were trained as engineers, the line officers as future commanders were taught the art of navigation. The actual rank­ ing and salary of line and staff officers were the same to make them feel their equality. After some years a feeling of superiority grew up among the officers of the line. It arose mainly from coming in contact with ships of the British, where engineers are not treated as the peers of the officers.

The staff officers in turn resented this presumption. To avoid trouble the navy-personal bill was passed. It abolished the staff and changed the system of training at Annapolis. All cadets were compelled to study engi­ neering that they might be as well acquainted with the valves and throttles as with the chart and compass. Of necessity the engineering course was abridged, and instead of the practical knowledge gained only by years of experience, the cadets received a slight theoretical knowledge of engineering.

The blowing up of the United States gunboat Bennington, while at anchor in the harbor of San Diego, was an effect of the new system, a pure result of caste. A young ensign who, according to his diploma, was proficient in the art of engineering stepped from the bridge to the engine room to test his skill in the use of the engines. The explosion which followed resulted in the death of sixty officers and seamen. The engines are the most im­ portant part of a modern warship. Of what value in war is such an iron Colossus, bristling with cannon and sheathed in armor, if it cannot move, cannot out-maneuver the opposing ship or prevent an enemy from breaking the blockade of a foreign port? And this is exactly what is caused by the incompetence of engineers.

By no means does this spirit prevail in the army and navy alone; we find it everywhere. It invades the courts of law and turns the balance of justice, so that men of caste, simply on account of their rank, ignore laws before which the poor man trembles. When Mayor Schmitz of San Fran­ cisco was indicted for robbing the earthquake sufferers of money sent to relieve them it cost great pains to convict him. During his trial he was not confined with other thieves and felons, nor was he forced to partake of the ordinary prison fare. He was lodged separately and permitted to pro­ vide his own food. What judge would think of erecting a private jail for a low-caste man? If, for example, an orphan who has taken anything of small value wherewith to satisfy the cravings of his appetite is caught, he is without much ado sentenced, and is confined with the most depraved of men. What care the judges if he becomes as degraded as these associates that are forced upon him?

Great trusts have grown up in our midst that regulate the prices the small merchant is to pay for his commodities, kill all competition and prac­ tically enslave the tradesman. A good example of this is the method of

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destroying opposition employed bv the Standard Oil Company. If in a town there is an independent merchant, a branch company of this trust is at once formed. This company sells oil at a low rate, often below cost price.

The independent dealer is compelled to lower his price if he does not wish to lose his patronage, lower it until he can no more, when the people will usually buy of the trust and as a result the merchant becomes bankrupt.

When the corporation has attained its end, the price of oil is raised to make us for losses.

In opposition to the trusts labor unions have been formed whose object is to protect the poor workman from the trusts. The aim of the labor con­ federations is probably justifiable, but they also have their defects. Union men call non-union men scabs, otherwise molest them and often refuse to work with them. When a strike is declared for some fancied or real rea­ son, the non-union men who continue to work because they must provide food and shelter for their families are boycotted, assaulted, yes, often even killed. That one laborer should disregard another’s rights because he does not belong to the union shows how deep-rooted the caste idea is becoming in our country.

The growth of caste has kept pace with the growth of corruption in politics and of the power of political bosses. Who nominates and elects the officers of vour home town? The people? No, the political bosses.

Rut who gives them the right to take the power of government out of the hands of the people? They arc maintained by corporation power and re­ ceive their funds from corporation coffers. Even in “clean” politics the evil caused by this insidious thing is manifest. In England not long ago fifty-one labor men were elected to Parliament. Plow many laborers are there in the United States Congress? How many would be voted for if they should be nominated? In Indiana the workmen nominated one of their fellow laborers for Congress. Immediately all parties lost sight of their differences before the awful threat of a workman in Congress and combined to make his election impossible.

The foegoing facts show beyond denial that caste has taken a firm grasp on our country. Will this dreadful monster keep us in its clutches or is there anv chance of ultimate release? This depends on the will and energy of the people, and God grant that they see their danger before it is too late.

4 4 4 4 Eir\ Mi3sl\inger\er Anschlag.

JOHN C. SKFKLDT, ’ll.

Nach dem Tode der Englischen Konigin Elisabeth war Jakob, der Sohn dcr im Jahre 1587 enthaupteten schottischen Konigin Maria Stuart und ihres zweiten Gemahls Darnlev, im Jahre 1603 a^s Koni.g Jakob I. von Eng­ land gekrunt, nachdem er schon als einjahriger Prinz im Jahre 1567 unter dem Namen Takob VI. zum Konig von Schottland ausgerufen war. Die Katholiken, deren Religionsfreiheit under der Herrschaft der protestantischen Konigin Elisabeth eine sehr beschrankte gewesen war, atmeten er-

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THE BLACK AND RED

leichtert auf, weil sie vom Konig Jakob I. eine freiere Religibnsiibung erwarteten, da er ja der Sohn der strong katholischen Konigin Maria Stuart war. Er gestattete ihnen auch zuerste ine grossere Religionsfreiheit, als sie bisher gehabt hatten, als aber die Katholiken sich damit nicht zufrieden zeigten, wurde er erziirnt und erliess als Strafe fiir ihre Unzufriedenheit im Jahre 1604 ein Gesetz, in dem er befahl, dass alle Jesuitcn aus seinein Reiche verbannt werden soil ten. Durch diesen Erlass machte er sich alle Katholiken, vomehmlich aber die vertriebenen Jesuiten, zu seincn bittcrsten Feinden.

So stand es ungefahr um die Gesinnung der Katholiken zu Konig Ja­ kob I., als im Jahre 1605 die Sitzungen des Parlaments in London stattfinden sollten. Die Eroffnung des Parlaments war zuerst auf den siebenten Februar 1605 festgesetzt, wurde aber his auf den funften November dcssclben Jahres hinausgeschoben. Einer Anzahl fanatischer Katholiken, die sich unter der Mithilfe zweier Jesuiten, Garnet und Tesmond mil Namen, verschworen hatten, den Konig und wenn moglich alle protestantischen Adligcn zu ermorden, kam die Eroffnung der Parlamentssitzungen gcrade recht, um ihr verruchtes Vorhabcn auszufuhren. Sie beschlossen, diesc giinstige Gclegenheit warzunehmen, um den ganzen protestantischen Adel mitsamt dem Konig durch einen einzigen entsetzlichen Anschlag auszurottcn, indem sie durch eine Pulvermine das Parlamentsgebaude, wahrend Konig Jakob die Parlamentssitzungen eroffnete, in die Luft zu sprengten. Hierbei kam ihnen die Verschiebnng des anberaumten Parlametstages gut zu statten. Sie mieteten die Lagerraume, die sich unmittelbar unter dem Parlamentsgebaude befanden und die gerade zu dieser Zeit nicht von anderen Kaufleuten eingenommen waren, und brachten in einer sehr dunklen Nacht scchzig Fasser Pulver im gesamten Gewichte von neuntausend Pfund dahin, und turmten sie in einem dunklen Gewolbe, wo sie nicht leicht bemerkt werden konnten, auf. Nachdem die Verschworenen dieses gliicklich ausgefiihrt hatten, erbot sich einer unter ihnen. Guy Fawkes mit Namen, als Wachter in diesem Raume bis zu der Eroffnung des Parlaments zu verweilen, um sich dann, nachdem er das Pulver angeziindet hatte, mit alien Parlamentsmitgliedern in die Luft zu sprengen.

Als die Verschworenen nicht mehr an dem Gelingen ihres Vorhabcns zweifelten, ereignete sich in kleiner Vorfall, der ihren Anschlag ganzlich vereitelte. Ungefahr zwolf Tagc vor der Eroffnung des Parlaments <ring Thomas Percy, der Hauptanstifter dieser Verschworung, wie schon ofter, durch die Strassen Londons. Da man ihn aber beim Gerichte in Verdacht hatte, dass er irgendwo ungesetz.lichcs Vorhabcn auszufuhren im Shine habc, so hatte man einen Verhaftsbefchl gegen ihn ausgegeben. Drei Polizeidiener. die ihm begegneten, wollten ihn deshalb auch gefangen nehmen, obgleich sie den Verhaftsbefehl augenblicklich nicht bei sich hatten. Percy aber setzte sich zur Wehre, ware aber wahrscheinlich bald tiberwaltigt worden, da er seinen drei Angreifern nicht gewachsen war, wenn nicht Lord â&#x20AC;˘ Monteagle, ein Mitglied des Parlaments. ihm zur rechten Zeit beigesprungen waro. Dieser vornehme Man befahl nun den Haschern, ihm den Ver-

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haftsbefchl zu zeigen, und als diese das zu thun nicht imstande waren. stellte er sich auf die Seite Percys, und vcrtcidigte ihn gegen seine Angreifer. Percy nahm diesen gliicklichen Augenblick wahr, um seinen Haschern zu entwischen, und Hess seinen Befreier im Stich. Als Lord Monteagle an diesem Abende nach Hause kam, gab ihm der Brieftrager einen Brief, den er sogleich oflfnete. Der Inhalt des Briefcs war etwa dieser: „Sir! 'wenn Euch euer Lcbcn lieb ist, so vermeidet dcr Eroffnung des Parlaments beizuwohnen. Ein furchtbarer Schlag, gefiihrt von unsichtbarer Hand, wiirde euch sonst zerschmettern. Vernichtet dieses Schreiben sofort nach dem Lesen.“ Der Lord erriet sogleich, dass dieser Brief irgendwie mit dem Unbekannten zusammenhinge, der ihn so schmalich verlassen hatte, nachdem er ihm zur ITilfc gekommen war. Er glaubte, dass dieser ihm jetzt aus Dankbarkeit fur seine Befreiung diesen Brief gcschickt habe, um ihn vor Ungliick zu bewahrcn. Da sich aber Monteagle abcr keiner personlichen Schuld bewusst war, weswegen ihm irgendwie Gefahr drohen konne, so kam er zu dem Schlusse, dass dor Brief mehr enthalte, als nur enie personliche Warming fur ihn. Er iibcrgab das Schreiben deshalb dem Staatssekretrir Lord Salisbury, dcr ihn sogleich dem Konige einhandigte. Der Konig vermutete cine Vcrschworung und liess deshalb eine genaue Untersuchung anstellcn. die dann aucli den ganzen verruchten Anschlag an den Tag brachte. So wurdc durch einen Brief das Leben dcr angesehendsten Adligen von England und Schottland gerettet.

Guv Fawkes, dcr sogleich verhaftet worden war, gestand spiiter auch die Namcn der anderen Verschworenen. Es waren dies Thomas Percy, Juan de Velasco, Wright. Robert Gatesby,. die Jesuiten Garnet und Tesmond, und andcrc mehr. Die meisten waren nach Worcester geflohen und batten sich im Schlossc ITolbnach verschanzt. Das Schloss wurde jcdoch genommen, nachdem Catesbv, Percy und Wright gefallen waren. Die an­ deren Verschworenen wurden am dreizigsten und einunddreizigsten Januar 1606 hingerichtct. Diese Verschworung hatte zur Folge, dass scharfere Massregeln gegen die Katholiken crlassen wurden, und dass der Protestantismus sich weiter ausbreitete. £)

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The Travel Me^nia.

The period in which we live might fittingly be called “The Age of Travel.” The craze for travel is almost universal, in the United States at least, and nothing is allowed to interfere with it. Locomotor ataxia is hardly a barrier to the peregrination of the globe. It is equally true that poverty is not considered a good reason for renouncing a peep of other climes. We refer to the travels of Bayard Taylor in Europe, and of Rich­ ard Dana before the mast. The good use made of their salaries by Ameri­ can school-teachers is well known.

The causes of all this running to and fro are many and multifarious.

There are first the obvious and material reasons, as the improvement of traveling facilities; the greater diffusion of prosperity and leisure; the

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THE BLACK AND RED

diminution of international enmities; and the decrease in dangers of all kinds. Not the least among the agents of the travel mania is the modern guide-book, which may be called at the same time a result and a cause.

It seems that the appearance of a new and trusted guide-book certainly stimulates travel to that particular country.

The less material causes of the modern desire to travel include the modern spirit of restlessness (visible in other fields also) ; the inherited love of the picturesque: the desire to escape extremes of climate; the fact that travel is now one of the few occupations affording some chance of adven­ ture ; and the fact that travel multiplies details easily, tending to fill up the vacant life at a minimum of personal initiative.

The travel mania, however, is by no means a phenomenon of modern days exclusively. The chronology of Genesis records instances of early travel. The ancient Phoenicians and Greeks also were globe-trotters. In the early Middle Ages we find a whole period known as the “Age of Migra­ tion of Tribes” (Volkerwauderungen). The pilgrims and crusaders of a somewhat later date were travelers of the most enthusiastic and determined nature, whose goals are still aimed at by thousands of tourists.

All this tends to make us certain that travel must be, after all, one of the great primal instincts of humanity. It seems but natural that the in­ habitants of a globe should be somewhat restless which whizzes through space at the rate of a thousand miles a minute, and at the same time waltzes giddily round its own axis. The utmost that can be said in favor of the ancient traveler is that he masked his desire to wander by some specious and respectable reason. He wanted (or so he alleged) either to found a colony or to eradicate paganism or to deliver Jerusalem from the heathen Turks, or to satisfy his religious desires (as the “good” wife of Bath).

—M. S.

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CIk Black and Red.

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Published monthly by the students of the Northwestern University.

EDITORIAL STAFF. EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

EDGAR GUENTHER, ’oS BUSINESS MANAGERS.

BUSINESS MANAGER ASS’T. BUSINESS MANAGER

ERWIN E. KOWALKE, ’oS SIGMUND PROBST,, ’09 DEPARTMENT EDITORS.

ATHLETIC EDITOR. COLLEGE NOTES EXCHANGE EDITOR LOCAL EDITOR CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

MARTIN J. WAGNER, ’08 JOHN E. SCHAEFER, ’oS EDGAR W. MELZER.’og MARTIN SCHUMACHER, ’10 ALEXANDER P. SITZ. ’09

Contributions to the Literary Department are requested from alumni and undergraduates. All literarv matter should be addressed to the Editor-in-Chief and all business communications to the Business manager.

The terms of subscription are 7; cents per annum, payable in advance. Single copies, 10 cents Stamp s not accepted in payment. Notify us if you wish your address changed or vour paper discontinued The Black and Red is forwarded toall subscribers until order for itsdiscontinuation is received and until all arrearages are paid.

Entered at the Post office of Watertown, Wis., as second-class matter.

*

EDITORIAL

*

A tages Few of Advan­ Our

Among1 the editorials of the previous issue of our paper Boarding School was one hearing on the evils of our boarding-school System. system. It was not intended to portray therein these evils for the pleasure of evil-minded critics and to give the impression that an immortal tone predominates at Northwestern, but to analyze a few ap­ parent evils for the benefit of those whose conscience no longer repelled these evils. Fortunately, however, the question as to the relative merits of our system is debatable pro and con, with the odds somewhat in favor of the former. For while the evil habits mentioned are as a rule not the product of a systematic degeneration, but are merely occasional attributes of a few individuals, the advantages of our boarding school system, on the other hand, while not being so numerous, have far greater weight, exerting an influence over all not only while they are within the pale of our institu­ tion, but ever afterwards as well.

The most radical and by no means the least important effects produced by our system can be traced in those who newly enter college and who are, to a laree degree, still inexperienced and in no way able to cope with the temptations to be encountered when they are thrown on their own resources.

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Nothing but the strictest discipline as it is upheld here and association with the more experienced can mold the character of such into the desired pro­ portions. Here they are not hampered by social distractions and are in small danger of being blinded by the delusion that the mere services of tailor and barber can contribute the essential elements of a true gentleman.

On the contrary, no one can help becoming conscious of the fact that the ends to be obtained are of a higher and more serious nature. It is not the case, as many suppose, that one entering this college is in danger of losing his individualism and feeling of self-dependence. In spite of the re­ strictions placed on his freedom, one cannot fail to realize from the nature of his surroundings and his relation to those about him that he is a mem­ ber of a little colony in which each must apply his energy in order to com­ mand the respect of others and make the whole venture a success. And abundant indeed are the opportunities inducing one to take advantage of the situation by applying one’s self assiduously to his studies. Some of these opportunities are to be found in congenial quarters, in the careful division of time, in the works of reference placed at his disposal, and in the good example set by others wiser than we.

Peculiarly enough the multiplicity of our duties seems in no way to inter­ fere with the promotion of a sane esprit de corps, without which college life loses half its charm and usefulness. In fact, it but tends to tighten the bonds of friendship between the various members, causing one to seek and cultivate the company of the other, to confess one's troubles to him, to get his advice, and vice versa. And we have heard of no institution not having our boarding school system where the fraternal relations have been devel­ oped to a higher degree and where it is productive of more good than in our midst. To what other cause can we trace the success of our various societies, literary and otherwise, but to the communistic spirit prevalent among us? Walking out to our campus of an afternoon we find not only the ’varsity eleven at work, as we do at many other colleges, but see the campus literally filled with teams all enjoying the exhilerating exercise such as only football can offer. Would this be the case if the boys were lodged in all quarters of the city? And to what other cause can the loyalty of our alumni, in particular of those of the seminary, be traced but to the fact that they realize themselves to be but the older brothers of the great family which we are proud to call the student body of Northwestern? .30 .3* 4 4 *

Again a football season is drawing to a close. Soon the megaphones and other instruments of noise will re­ tire to the dust of the upper shelf and the question arises.

What shall we do during the winter months ?

Naturally one not acquainted with the dilapidated condition of our gym­ nasium would suggest that we spend part of our free time there. Our readers, however, who have been well informed upon this subject, know better. At present we must be content with our gymnasium as it is and Wiiver Work and Play.

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have recourse to other means to increase the dimensions of our biceps. And here Jack Frost is the man who comes to our assistance. Skating! How many responsive chords does not that word awaken in the heart of the American youth? Who does not experience a sensation of keen delight when flying over the glassy surface of the newly-frozen river ?After a hard day’s work in the study nothing is more exhilerating than skating; it re­ freshes the body and relieves the mind.

The long winter evenings offer an excellent opportunity to those who are musically inclined (also to those who are not") to settle down to conscien­ tious practicing. This is the time for the band and orchestra to do the preparatory work for the concert. And despite the fact that we have good material in both organizations, we shall achieve no success unless we work hard for it.

Lastly, let us add a few words about our literary societies. During the last school-year the work of the two societies was a decided success owing to the fact that every member worked hard for the welfare of his society.

The programs were interesting and well rendered. Let it be the same this year. Those members of the Freshman class who shall join either society will find that the additional work is not so very great. They will have practice in elocution and at the same time will find that their Saturday nights will have gained an additional value with them.

I f we but look about us and take interest in the things going on around us, we shall never be wanting recreation and pastime.

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What would be the result should a fire break out in our Bet'er Guarded dormitory? Judging from a recent fire in a city resi­ Against Fire? dence, our buildings would be totally destroyed. For. albeit that the fire would at once be noticed and an alarm be turned in, at least from twenty-five to thirty minutes would elapse before the city fire company would arrive at the college grounds and could offer any assist­ ance in extinguishing the flames. But by this time the fire would undoubt­ edly have gained such headway that the efforts of the fire fighters may to a certain extent, if not altogether, be in vain. Thus our institution is ex­ posed to a great danger. What could and should be done to prevent this danger ?

Our institution should possess enough hose to connect our buildings with the two nearest hydrants, or there ought to be a hydrant in the southern and in the northern quad. If this is impossible, we should at any rate have a hose and water connection in each story of our dormitory as all other schools, even the smaller ones, have. Under those conditions we could, in case of a fire, at least keep the flames within certain bounds until the city department arrives, or could possibly extinguish the fire before they arrive. Then we could also have a volunteer fire company in the collegiate department and should thus be guarded against fire at all times. And since Should Wo Bo

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this is our only salvation, the question should at once be considered by the proper authorities.

Although the purchase of the hose would mean quite an expense to the synod, we believe that the prevention of but one fire would more than repay the cost. And if we furthermore consider that, although every precaution is taken to prevent a fire, such a fire may break out at almost any time, it would certainly be advisable to act at once and not, as the saying goes, wait until the horse is stolen and then lock the barn. * 4 * * #

We are charged, feeble advocates of our German lanSpeaK German, guage, that the German language is ceasing to be the medium of conversation, that our institution is by de­ grees becoming Americanized. Much of this, and perhaps most of this, is true. This is a step backward, and not forward. Still it is an earnest desire of us, who are of German descent, born in an English-speaking na­ tion, and therefore enjoying inestimable advantages, that the German lan­ guage should flourish, that we be able to control both languages with equal ease.

How can our remissness in this matter be remedied? Tt is not yet too late. My dear fellow-student, the quality of your conversation is generally (we make allowance for exceptions) hardly above that of the barber and his associates. This is a fact and ought therefore not to cause any of­ fense. Now, as we have entered college in order to learn, let that also be your aim when you are out for a walk with your friend. Let the topics of vour conversation be of a higher brand, by which you may profit, on school work, on ideals. Your class-work is by no means completed in the class­ room. Now, suppose this conversation be carried on in the German lan­ guage. Make an agreement with your friend, and criticise one another recklessly and relentlessly. You as an individual will be greatly benefited, and you will help establish the reputation of our institution at large, which end is certainly the earnest desire of us all. * j

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COLLEGE NOTES Football Songs.

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Because of the absence of poetical matter it may seem as though North­ western is no longer an abode of the Muses. But things are not what they seem. It was about a week before the Lawrence game when the manager of the football team in a mass meeting made a plea for the composition of new football songs, announcing at the same time that a pennant was to be awarded to the composer of the best song. The heavy Lawrence eleven would make rooting especially necessary, and as a choir had recently been instituted for the purpose, an increase of songs was especially expedient and welcome.

Eager minds set to work at once, many indulging in this sublime occu­ pation for the first time in their lives, from the dignified Senior down to

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the unassuming “Septimaner.” Thus it was not long before the manager’s table was heaped with sheets of paper containing the first-born products of loyal minds. But, lo, the bulk “navigated” into the waste basket at once and only a few were preserved for further consideration.

According to the decision of the judges, John Schmieder, ’08, became winner of the pennant. We shall take the liberty of producing the song here: Now you’ve got the ball, _ Run 'em clown, run ’em down!

Now you’ve get the speed.

Rip ’em up, rip ’em up!

Now you’ve got the hook.

Oh, for honor to your name, Take a score-, take a score.

Take a score, score, score!

Melody, “Here’s to Old Northwestern, etc.”

Second prizes were awarded to Paul Horn, ’08, and Paul Hcnscl, ’o8, for the following songs, respectively:

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'I he Lawrence hoys have come today To win Northwestern’s fame, Rut soon you’ll sec them go again.

Their efforts all in vain. ’Tis true they hit the line with force; Mut like; a wave upon the- shore They break and are repelled.

They ston and gain no more.

Melody “Zu Mantua in Damien.”

Footba’l season, glorious time.

Football season, tra, la, la.

Win n we watch our snappy line.

We must cheer them u-rah-rah.

Watch the h'ack sock, watch the red sock.

Mow they dig and how they drop, block!

We will cheer them, rah, rah, rah!

And again we’ll give it rail, rah, rah!

Melody “Gaudcamus igitur.’’

Ewald Graf, 08, lias composed a German football song, according to the melody, “Die Wacht am Rhein.” in which lie has put some of the German war spirit conspicuous of Germany’s great national song. We shall also produce it here in the interest of our German readers: Fs werden unscrc Fife nun, Im Fussballspiel sicli messen.

Der Gegncr wire! sein bestes thun, Die Reihe .-’ll durchbrcchen.

Wir aher haben Zuvcrsicht, Wir aber haben Zuvcrsicht, _ Hass unscrc Fife wanken nicht, Dass unsere Elfe wanken nicht.

We beg the reader not to think that these songs have been engendered by mixed or even mercenary motives. We assure him that they are purely the product of a true and loyal college spirit. Furthermore, don’t compare them with that touchstone and high water mark of English literature— “Lycidas.” Their fare would be inevitable. And that would be both cruel and discouraging. We believe “football poetry” to be an infant species of poetry, being of such delicacy as not to admit of a test without its being seriously impaired, but in spite of its infancy, still bearing prominent marks of originality.

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A mass meeting of the student body was held on the 20th of October

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for the purpose of electing a baseball manager and assistant for the coming baseball season. E. E. Guenther was re-elected manager and S. Probst assistant manager. At this occasion the Athletic Board, consisting of E. E. Kowalke, president; S. Probst, treasurer; P. Zeisler, secretary; E. Berg and R. Ziesemer, also presented to the student body its constitution which had recently been drawn up. It was accepted after some discussion without any important changes.

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The New Fire Escaj. e.

While this issue is going through the press, a fire escape is being con­ structed on the southern wall of our new dormitory. It will be quite ex­ pensive and elaborate, being built on the staircase plan. Its width will also be such that two persons of ordinary dimensions, provided they both be of a peaceful disposition, will find no trouble in descending or ascending side by side. It will therefore render rescue in case of fire quicker and safer.

To our new dormitory, which is modern in all its requirements, this doubt­ less will be an excellent addition.

The erection of the fire-escape is regarded with interest and meets con­ siderable approval on the part of the students. And justly so * for it was very necessary. But there is a puzzling rumor afloat. The fire-escape will have a way of telling; for it is to be connected with an electric bell. There­ fore, cavete! It is furthermore said that the escape will not be constructed to the ground, that it will be provided with a device in which the lever principle is involved, to set people on the ground. But to those who would have special reasons of entering by means of the fire-escape it is inexorable.

Therefore, Cavete l 000

The N. W. U. Military Band.

At the close of the last school year Northwestern was proud of a band that had not only attained the standard of former years, but out and out surpassed it, that was able to cope with any college band in the state. This year it is the aim of every individual member to surpass all last year's ac­ complishments. In former years the band had to regret the loss of a con­ siderable number of members by graduation. This year there was only one vacancy to be filled, as Henry Auger, solo cornet, left us.

When our leader, Paul Horn, assembled his band for the first rehearsal a goodly number of new candidates appeared to join the ranks. New members will be admitted at short intervals so that by the end of the first semester we will have an enrollment of approximately forty members.

Although athletics have interfered to some extent, the band has managed to hold its semi-weekly rehearsals. Prof. Rolle, who wielded the baton last year, has again consented to direct the band during the present year.

After the close of the football season our leader intends to hold extra practice meetings for the benefit of the newly admitted members, some of

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which still lack the necessary practice and experience. Until recently our band lacked the reed section of an up-to-date military band. This* was remedied by the addition of three “Conn” saxaphones representing a total value of $290. These instruments enjoy the distinction of being the first of their kind in the city of Watertown.

The officers of the band for the coming year are: President, Paul Horn; vice president, G. Westerhaus; secretary and treasurer, W. P. Hass. v v ^

ATHLETICS.

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Undoubtedly the lovers of football and the well-wishers of our school are anxiously awaiting this number of The Black and Red, expecting to find a great pleasure in reading about the many victories won by our team. And we regret that this pleasure cannot be afforded them, but we can assure them that, though the team was compelled to play at odds, every football enthusiast was perfectly satisfied with the work of our team in the games played this season. The cause of the many defeats was not poor playing and not lack of training, but mainly the fact that they were greatly outweighed in every game we lost.

Ripon 19, Northwes'ern 0,

It was not exactly fortunate that the first game of the season was played on an outside field, since a team is never so confident of victory on an out­ side field as at home. But it was especially unfortunate that the Ripon team was the one to take advantage of this: the report of the game and of the tactics employed by the opposing team being anything and everything but pleasant.

Ripon kicked off, but regained the ball and shortly after kicked a field goal on the second attempt. They again kicked off, the ball being see­ sawed back and forth until Northwestern was forced to punt; and after a scries of line glunges. Swetland made a touchdown for Ripon. Northwest­ ern now kicked off. The wall was carried back and forth again until Ripon got near enough to make a second field goal.

The second half was but a repetition of the first, the ball continually changing hands and both sides being forced to punt repeatedly. Though our team showed up stronger in this half, a fumbled punt within fifteen yards of their goal line gave Ripon another touchdown. Time was called, the score being 19 to o.

Ripon papers state that shortly before time was called a Ripon player was “pushed and pulled” across for another touchdown, making the score 24 to o. As a matter of fact this individual, after falling on a fumble and

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remaining on the ground long enough to render the ball dead, suddenly followed somebody’s advice to “get up and run,” while Northwestern, trust­ ing the competency of the official, made no effort to stop him. So much for the benefit of those who failed to understand the reason for the con­ flicting scores.

Paul Zeisler, our “crack” quarterback, who starred in every game he played during the last two seasons, was disabled in the first ten minutes of play, which greatly added to our defeat. He will be out of the game for the rest of the season.

Though the whole team played as a unit, E. Berg, Capt. Kowalke, Hoff­ mann and A. Berg deserve special mention.

Lawrence 18, Northwestern 0.

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Northwestern met its second defeat on Oct. 12, when it played the strong Lawrence eleven on our home grounds. But Lawrence having been trained by a coach, outweighing our team by about twelve pounds per man, and having practiced down an excellent interference, the result is not so surprising as the big score may lead us to believe. And though such a victory would have meant great honor to our team, we do not consider the defeat a disgrace.

Lawrence won the toss and chose the north goal. Northwestern kicked off to them against wind. Lawrence took the ball and by a series of line plunges and end runs carried it to Northwestern’s twenty yard line. Here Beyer tried a place kick, which, however, was successfully blocked by Behn.

Lawrence soon recovered the ball and advanced it to Northwestern’s one yard line. Northwestern now took a brace and held them for downs, Ko­ walke punting out of danger immediately after. Lawrence now played its very best and shoved across the field for a touchdown. Northwestern kicked off and the ball was seesawed back and forth till time was called.

In the second half Lawrence kicked off and Kowalke at once punted the ball back to the center of the field. With a series of long end runs Law­ rence soon made its second touchdown. Lawrence again kicked off, Dahlmann advanced the ball about twenty-five yards, but Lawrence soon recov­ ered the ball and again pushed across the field for the third touchdown.

Northwestern then kicked off and Lawrence at once carried the ball within striking distance of the goal line, but they were held for downs within six inches of goal. Kowalke punted and Northwestern soon recovered the ball and with new enthusiasm pushed the ball across the field with a number of brilliant plays, including a quarterback run of twenty yards by L. Zeisler.

The ball was on Lawrence’s twenty-five yard line when time was called.

Northwestern hardly made a play in which their captain, E. Kowalke, did not take part. He was seen plunging into each play, smashing up the interference and carrying the ball for decided gains. He carried off the honors of the day, although Hoffmann, Berg and Probst also starred.

We take a special pleasure in mentioning that the feeling existing be-

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tween the two teams and institutions is such as it should be, and we hope that other schools will soon join and cultivate such relations. n. w. w.

LINE-UP. LAWRENCE. IIofTman..........

Hass................ .

Helm.................

A. Berg..........

Pctcrmann....

Mnlinke............

I’robst-Birkholz L. Zcisler.... .

Kowalkc......

E. Berg............

Dalilmann........

Referee—Stern. Milwaukee.

Time of Halves, 25 Minutes.

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....................... Cassidy. ....... Taylor-BIrgliam. ......... Nichols-Snyder. c. ....................... Snyder. ........................ Lewis. rg. rt. ......................... Klaus. re. ........... Lundc-Nelson. ........... Hindcrmann. n.’: ................ McConnell. rli. ........................ Beyer. !h. ..........

Patterson.

Umpire, Haumcrson, Madison. Field Judge, Wenzel, Milwaukee.

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Lake Forest 11, Northwestern 10.

On Oct. i() Northwestern suffered its third defeat, this time at the hands of the heavy Lake Forest aggregation of northern Illinois. This defeat was mainly due to the fact that the visitors outweighed the home team by at least fifteen pounds per man. Our boys played a fine game and would undoubtedly have won, had the teams been evenly matched. It was surprising to see how our light team at different times plunged through the heavy line of the visitors for decided gains. Capt. Kowalke again played the star game and was sure of a gain every time he carried the ball.

His punting was excellent. He also carried off first honors in line plung­ ing and in catching and returning punts. Dahlmann and Zeisler also played a fine game, as in fact the whole team did.

Bedell, Lake Forest’s lightweight of two hundred and fifty-nine pounds, starred for the visitors, as it seemed impossible to stop him when once started. For our part we are all well satisfied with the work of our team and feel confident that they are superior to any team of the same weight and training in the state.

NORTHWESTERN. LINE-UP. c A. Berg ....................

Petcrniann .............. isIt. E. Berg .................... le.

Hoffmann ................

Bel'ii ........................ rg. rt.

Mahnkc .................... re.

Probst ..................... gb.

L. Zeisler ................

Hi. Dalilmann ................ rli.

II. Zeisler ................ fh.

Kowalk" .....................

Referee—Stern, Milwaukee. Umpire, Russ, Jefferson.

1 ime of Halves, 20 Minutes.

LAKE FOREST. ........ Burkhcicr. .......... Hennings. ............... Bedell. ............... Stark.

---- Richardson. ............... Gibbs. .... McMurray. ................ Holtz. ............ Ralston. ............ Frecnen. ......... Galbreith. , _ Field Judge, Zell, Juneau.

Wa.yland Academy 0, Northwestern Second 23.

We at least enjoyed one change of program when our second team easily defeated the Wavland Academy. Capt. Koch’s men worked down the field like a machine, never failing to make the necessary gain. Though the second team was also outweighed by nearly twelve pounds to the man, they held their own and broke through the visitors’ line with ease. Capt. Koch, Hahn, Frev and Sprehn did especially good work, breaking through for

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from five to ten yards each down. The second team outclassed the academy in every point of the game.

Marquette 23, Northwestern 0.

Take almost any Milwaukee paper of Oct. 27 in hand and you will find an account of a clean but hard-fought game of football between North­ western and Marquette. The Milwaukee papers, however, will give you a very one-sided account of the game, speaking of the wonderful work of Marquette only. In reading these accounts you will hardly be aware of the fact that Marquette had an opponent; it reads more like an account of sig­ nal practice. This, however, is very natural. Since the home readers are generally only interested in their local team and care very little about the visiting team, the local paper will also be inclined to speak of its team only.

But nevertheless we say credit to whom credit is due; and this the Milwau­ kee papers fail to do.

We concede that Marquette outweighed our team bv twenty pounds per man. We also concede that they were better trained than our team. The fact is, that they were trained by a coach all season, while our boys were restricted to the training that Capt. Kowalke could give them. As a result of the weight and training we will also concede that they outplayed our team in different points of the game. But the statement that Kowalke was outpunted is absolutelv false, as every impartial rooter will tell you. Every impartial witness of the game must also admit that our team, considering the odds, put up a fine game. The fact that during the first half Marquette was held down to but one touchdown is sufficient proof that the Northwest­ ern boys put up a hard battle. In the second half, however, we were out­ played. Line plunges, end runs and especially the heavy mass play were the winners for Marquette. By means of these plays they scored three touchdowns in the second half.

Fox and Foley played the star game for Marquette and made good • gains. Capt. Kowalke, as usual, carried off first honors for our team.

Hoffmann played a fine game, especially on the forward pass, Berg and Behn also doing well.

Another illustration of the bigotrv of the Milwaukee Sentinel arc the marvelous runs accorded to Meyer therein. In regard to them there are two possibilities, either they were grossly exaggerated or the gridiron in Athletic Park is of twice the regulation length.

As far as the game itself is concerned, it may be stated that it was clean throughout, the best of feeling prevailing on both sides, while the accom­ modations accorded Northwestern were first class in every respect.

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Ovir Contemporaries Owing to an attack of nervous prostration due to overwork our able exchange editor has been obliged to discontinue his studies temporarily.

While he is recuperating it devolves upon us, his co-editors, to manage this department. Being all more or less inexperienced in this line of work, we crave the indulgence of our readers if they find this column somewhat be­ low the high standard of excellence to which our friend has succeeded in bringing it.

Of the many exchanges which come to our table, we can always turn to College Chit's (Decorah, Iowa) with the expectation of finding one or more articles worthy of study and deserving of more than the casual glance that so many stories and articles as a rule receive. The article on “Happi­ ness” in the September number especially gives evidence of much thought and labor. The writer gives as a definition of happiness: “Happiness is the satisfaction resulting from right living and comes to men only when right conditions prevail.” He says man must seek these conditions and not happiness directly, and in order to fulfill these conditions he must work, have a clear conscience, have friends, cultivate the right desires and tastes, and last, but not least, he must be optimistic. “ ’Tis a consummation de­ voutly to be wished,” but alas! it is not given for man to be entirely happy in this world, and happiness comes only like a burst of sunshine through an occasional rift in the clouds. The reason these bursts of happiness are not more plentiful is. as the writer says, that happiness-seekers make the mistake that they heedlessly trample under foot and deem below their notice the smaller pleasures of life in their scramble for money. It is such articles and other interesting features which raise College Chips into the highest class of college publications.

The articles in The Tritonion (Waxahachic, Texas), two of which are essays, arc all of a serious nature and are certainly worth the time one spends in reading them. “A Shadow” is an essay on the influence we exert on our fellow-men, either to the good or to the bad, and the responsibility devolving therefrom. The authoress compares our influence to a shadow that at noonday, when we are students, is not very long, but broadens and deepens in later life. We agree with her when she says, “perhaps it is little short of appalling to think seriously that inevitably this shadow must help or hinder, delight or dismay those among whom we live.” “Ideals as an Incentive to Higher Life” is also a meritorious essay telling us how to select our ideals, how to realize them, and lastly, what they really mean to us.

“Habit in Relation to Student Life,” in the September number of The Decaturion (Decatur, 111.) is an article of a high standard and was read with much interest. The writer says: (i) “Habits are very real things, produced by continued or repeated attitudes toward the various stimuli which come to us, and they tend to grow fixed; (2) they may be changed, and they constitute no ground of real justification for conduct that is not

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sound.” He then shows that there is no such thing as an inherited habit, but that on the contrary all habits are individually acquired. The writer continues with a paragraph on “The School Period as a Mean of Habit Culture.” “Some Habits Important to the Student” forms the concluding paragraph. We recommend the article to every student and we can assure him that he will greatly profit in reading it. The same paper contains an­ other article, “The Old Violin,” which is very fascinating and picturesque.

The Central Collegian (Fayette, Mo.) presents an interesting article on “Stonewall Jackson,” showing how he began his life “with poverty for a companion,” but how, “with a nature zealous and a character energetic, he swept from around him the barriers of opposition, and pursued his course to learning and to fame.” The editorial on “Two Extremes and a Happy Mean” is a choice piece of work and gives credit to its writer. In it the college students are divided into three classes; (i) those who lead a hermit life; (2) those who are “out for a time;” and (3) “the all around man.”

Of this third class he very appropriately says: "This is the happy mean which all should strive to attain.”

We appreciate highly the editorials and literary articles of The Cates Index. The editorials have a direct bearing on the student and the prob­ lems he is confronted with, as, “Time,” and, “A Lack of Sense of Respon­ sibility,” true characteristics of an editorial of a college paper, which, though bearing the name of “Editorials,” we fail to recognize in those of some of our other contemporaries. Among the articles we find “What Ts Practical Education?” especially well written. In it the author shows convincingly that the most practical education is not the so-called business course, hut, as it has been for many ages, a thorough study of the old classics. The au­ thors of “The Singular Life” and of “The Evolution of the American Har­ vester” also deserve credit for their work.

The article in the Erskinian, entitled “A Universal Language,” was taken up by us with great eagerness, as we are favorably inclined towards such a language, and we can only hope for its promotion as far as its founder has intended it to be successful. We, however, regret to say that the writer has an entirely wrong conception of the real and true aim of Espranto. Was the object to create an entirely new language to be in some future time spoken universally? Was it created to furnish “a reasonable and sensible substitute for several of the modern languages that we study ?”

An emphatic no can be our only reply. A language can only be created and developed by a people, not by a single man. The mere thought of Esperanto. Was the object to create an entirely new language to be in some Easily could Bacon, Pascal and Voltaire say that a universal language was the one thing necessary to universal peace. They were well aware of the fact that both are impossible. It is still less probable that Esperanto will ever take the place of foreign classical languages now studied at our col­ leges. The medium through which we directly come in contact with the elements of basic civilization and a nation’s literature would be practically removed, while Esperanto would replace this loss by little or nothing.

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ALUMNI Personal Notes.

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—Owing to illness Rev. Edward Bartke, ’98, has resigned as pastor of the Lutheran Congregation at Florence, Wisconsin, where he has been en­ gaged in missionary work for a number of years. He intends to trans­ fer his place of residence to the Pacific coast where the climate is less severe.

—Benjamin Mayerhoff, who. upon leaving the institution, entered the Dr. Martin Luther College at New Ulm, Minnesota, from which he received his diploma a few years later. After teaching in a parochial school in Northern Wisconsin for some time he entered into the employ of the International Correspondence Schools. He is now holding the position of superintendent of the eastern district of Wisconsin with headquarters in the Loan and Trust Building, Milwaukee.

—Edward Lembcke. who graduated in 1890, has left the staff of editors of the Milwaukee Hcrold and is now located at Goldfield, Nevada, where he will personally look after his mining interests. Mr. Lembcke will probably also act as correspondent for some of the eastern newspapers.

—Dr. Ferdinand Schulz, a former student, who was health commissioner of the city of Milwaukee from 1898 to 1906, has been elected superin­ tendent of the county hospital of Milwaukee county by the board of directors. He will assume the duties of the office January, 1908.

—Herbert 1. Jenny. 05. in addition to being organist and choir master of Central M. E. Church of Winona, also manipulates the chime of bells of that church. This chime consists of eleven bells and is said to be one of the finest in the west.

AUS DEM SEMINAR.LEBEN Die Herren Christian. Adolf und Edwin Sauer reisten am 11. Oktober nach Juneau, um an der Feier der silbernen Hochzeit ihrer Eltern teilzunehmen.

Herr Friedrich Motzkus war vom n.—14. Oktober bei seinen Eltern in Dundee, Wise., auf Besuch. Bei dieser Gelegenheit predigte er am 13. fur seinen Vater.

Herr Pastor Friedrich Kosanke, der infolge eines Halzleidens sein Amt in Merna, Neb., zeitweilig niederlegen musste, spracli am 19. Oktober bei den Herren Studenten vor.

Herr Theodor Korn besuchte am 19. Oktober seine Bruder Alexander und Rudolph.

Herr Pastor Engel aus Norwalk, Wise., stattete am 21. Oktober dem Cotus einen Besuch ab.

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Herr Grabowski aus Escanaba, Mich., spracli am 24. Oktober bei seinem Freunde, Herrn Max Hensel, vor.

Herr Karl Otto reiste am 27. Oktober nacli Chicago, um bei dortigen Verwandten einen Besuch abzustatten. Bei der Gelegenheit predigte er fur Herrn Pastor Burgdorf.

Herr Ernst Wendland war am 3. November in Watertown.

Herr Emil Walther war am Sonntag, den 4. November, in Racine.

Herr Johann Schaefer von der Anstalt zu Watertown stattete am 3.

November seinem fruheren Klassengenossen, Karl Otto, einen Besuch ab.

Die Herren Johann und Felix Zilisch aus Juneau, Wis., besuchtcn am Sonntage, den 4. November, Herrn Chr. Sauer.

Bei Gelegenheit des Marquette-Northwestern Footballspieles, sprachen die Herren Arnold Sprehn, Philipp Koehler, Gerhard Pieper und Leonard Zeisler bei den Herren Studenten vor. £10 0 0

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—Mr. N. J. Probst and Dr. Kcebles of N. U. P. at Pittsburg, Pa., called on S. Probst, ’09, on Oct. 2.

—Mrs. Prof. A. Pieper visited her son Gerhard, *09, Oct. 3.

—H. Hartwig, ’10, and C. Bacrwald, ’11, were at Hustisford Oct. 5.

—Mr. Henry Mitzner of Waterloo called on Edw., ’09, and E. Rirkholz, ’09, on Oct. 12.

—Paul Monhardt, '10. was home at Milwaukee Oct. iS. —Mrs. Fischer and Leonard Lange of Weyauwcga visited Louis Fischer.

Prep., and Alfred Lange, Prep., Oct. 18.

—R. Fenske, Prep., visited his parents at Hustisford Oct. 19.

—Emil Martin, Prep., attended his sister’s wedding at Milwaukee on Oct. 19.

—P. Braemer, ’ll, C. Kluender, ’11, and A. Hahn, Prep., were at Fort Atkinson Oct. 24.

—Herbert Daib, from Concordia College at St. Paul, is a member of our Junior class since Oct. 26.

—George, Prep., and C. Schrocder, Prep., spent the 26th of October with their parents in Milwaukee.

—A. Zibell, Prep., was home at Waterloo Oct. 26.

—Mr. L Guenterberg of Hustisford was a caller on his son Reinhold, Prep., Oct. 26. . , —Quite a number of former students were here to witness the football game. Lake Forest vs. N. W. U., on Oct. 19.

—A large number of rooters accompanied our football team to Milwaukee Oct. 26.

—LI. Kirchner, ’10, was home at Lowell Oct. 27.

—F. Loeper, ’10, spent a day at his home in Milwaukee Oct. 27.

.V

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TIIE BLACK AND RED

141

—A. Vallesky, ’u, left Oct. 28, to attend the funeral of his grandmother, Mrs. Matznick.

—Rev. Prof. A. Ackermann, professor of German and history at the Dr. M. Luther College of New Ulm, Minn., visited recitations at North- * western during the week ending Nov. 9. ****

CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM —O Vanitas Vanitatum!

—Fire-escapes!

—Have you met Van Gula?

—Zeis (translating Tlcbraw): ,.Der Esel erschlug die Feinde mit seinem Kinnbacken.”

—Prof.: “Whv did the people of Massachusetts not tolerate the Quakers?”

Soli - f - r: “They were too narrow-headed.”

—Prof, (in Hebrew): ,AVas heisst sousi (mein Pferd) ?”

Fd. F. (just awakening) : “That’s a horse on me.”

—K - b -1: “Who is quarterback-master of the military company?”

—Carey: “Why is cotton so high?”

Hippos: “P.ecause Pips is a six-footer.”

—Mons II (reciting): ..Die Heilung dcs achtunddrcissig Jalire langen Kranken war ein grosses Wundcr.”

—Prof.: ..Bilde cinen Satz mit, reizend.”

O. T.: ..Die Jungfrau ist reizend auzuschauen.”

—St - ke (translating Jason dentes draconis ex galea sevit) : ,.Jason sate die Zahne eines Drachen aus Galilaa.”

—Prof.: “Why do von always pause at the end of a line?”

Sell-ft: “I’m short-winded.”

—Mops seems to be much bothered by the tobacco question. In reciting the soliloquy out of “Hamlet” he began: “Toby or no toby, that is the question.” We wonder why Sarto in reciting the same soliloquy laid such stress on “the pangs of despised love.”

—Schuft II: “They arc going to build a compressed milk factory at the Junction.”

—Prof.: “Define ‘case’ in Grammar.”

Student (just awakening): “A case is a box containing twenty-four bottles.”

—Beto (in his dreams after the Lawrence game): “They should have put P. FI. in the box. He would have put a drop over the goal.”

—Bones: “I cheered so long till I sprained my throat.”

—Ask Tubbv and Soaps what the bluebird told them in Milwaukee.

—Grim and P. H. were seen shopping in the second-hand store lately.

Grim invested in a pair of old style pegtops. Both, being musically in­ clined, also purchased some classic sheet music at one cent apiece. Among others, P. H. secured an antiquated copy of “Hello, Central!”

I■

i

14-2

THE BLACK AND RED

—Several of our college girls were seen in a prominent (?) jewelry store down town, from which we conjecture that either Hippos’, Beans’ or Pips’ birthday must be near at hand.

—From the hazy realm of probability the rumor has come to us that our beloved twins nearly met with an accident on one of their exploits into the country. Having bet heavily as good Gophers on the Chicago-Minnesota football game, they feared to await the results and left for the country. While crossing a pasture they admired a herd of “ceows,” but the leader of the herd became nervous, probably because he could not tell one from the other, and put an end to their admiration by chasing them up an oak tree, giving neither of the twins time to say, “You go first, my dear Gaston.” Out of this dilemma they were rescued after several hours by some of their college friends, but only to find out that the Gophers had lost to Chicago. ’Tis true what Shakespeare says, “When sorrows come, they come not single spies, but in battalions,” and yet the twins don’t believe in Shakespeare.

—Prof.: „Nennt mir einen beriihmten Paedagogen.”

Student: „Pastorloci.” (Pestalozzi.)

—Prof.: „Was muss man erganzen bei dem Ausdruck, nur zu.”

G - th - r: „Schief gehts doch.”

—Prof.: „Wenn einer manchmal etwas nicht kann, so sagen wir wohl, besinnen sie sich doch, und wenn er es dann noch nicht kann, dann gebera wir ihm eine klein< Student: „Neunundscchzig.”

—Prof.: “Where is the crisis in Schiller's ‘Wallenstein ?* ” One-half Twin: “The scene in which there are twenty-four empty bot­ tles under the table.” Twin seems to be an ardent disciple of Epicurus.

We all Know When You Want a Good Dish of

ICE

CREAM,

It mill Pay you

HIGH

GRADE CHOCOLATES

to advertise in the BLACK and RED

AND PAN CANDIES You will be served promptly at

H. J. STUBE

RADTKE & SOIN,

SHOE. STORJE

107 WEST MAIN STREET.

309 Malrv St., Between 3rd and 4th.

r^S E TH E STA R SAFETY RAZOR

The Largest Assortments of

Pocket Knives, Razors, Razor Straps, Shaving Brushes, Sporting Goods

/5 a 5^

2$

E/i •Y’!'

To Be Had in the City.

Call and See Us.

D. & F. KUSEL GO. DR. E. J. HOERMANN DENTIST Office Hours: 8.30 to 12 A. M.—1 to 6 P. M.

106 First Street Next to City hall

Evenings and Sundays by Appointment.

Any Man Can Walk Farther think better, work harder, and rest more effective­ ly when his feet are comfortable.

Now we can fit your feet a thousand times better than any custom shoemaker could ten years ago—and you’ll save from two to four dollars.

Keith’s Conqueror shoes, made on scientific­ ally constructed lasts, have made that possible.

WM. GORDER CO.

606-608 Main St.

E

For the Personal Consideration of the Lovers of

GOOD

CANDIES

YOU WILL FIND

Eberle’s Drug Store 204 Main Street

The Best That’s Been at

Headquarters for New Ideas in POST CARDS

BAUMANN'S

MUELLER &

-0---------

Ice Cream Parlor in Connection.

The Best of Everything in Frozen Dainties. Let Us Serve You.

LIEDTKE

FANCY AND STAPLE GROCERIES' Fruits, Cigars and Tobacco

—o— 212 West Main Opposite Public Library

GAME’S CORNER DRUG STORE

The Most Complete Line of

PIES, CAKES, Etc in the city at

Main and First Streets Headquarters for Souvenir Posted Cards Drugs, Medicinlis, Toilet Soaps.. Cigars and Tobacco Prescriptions a Specialty

114W. Main and 210 North Second Tel. 155-x snd 641

For the best Photos GO TO

JH Olrigbt’s Ground floor Gallery.

CUirSCO SR8UK&

REMEMBER quality remains after price is forgotten.

qilAKTTR SIZE

Collar

is cents each; 2 for 20 cents ih« CUIETT, rEACODr £ CO.. NtKFfiS OF CIUCTT SHIRTS ])))]

~~~

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IF YOU WANT FIRST-CLASS AND SATISFACTORY

WM. BUCHHEIT,

President.

Vice-President.

F E. WOODARD, Cashier.

...GO TO...

tttatertown PDoto Co.,

M.J. WOODARD,

B.J. BRANDT,

2 Vice-President.

OF WATERI0WJ1 INCORPORATED MAY 1. 1854

DONNER GALLERY Special Rates made to Students.

Ben H.Rieck PROPRIETOR OF THE

Dew east 0t(3 Barbershop Gorder Block.

Students! u Haircuts for §1.00 604 Main Street WATERTOWN’,

WISCONSIN.

r»V.i

2pj

MERCHANT CENT CIGAR AND

ARC

LEAD

5C CIGAR

THEM

SPORTING GOODS HEADQUARTERS

WM. G. PRITZIAFF & GO.

Schlueter Bros'.

IO

Base Ball Supplies Foot Ball Supplies Tennis Goods Croquet Sets Boxing Gloves Punching Bags

ALL.

105 Main St. Watertown, Wis.

307 Main St.,

Watertown

Indian Clubs Dumb Bells Lawn Swings Hammocks Fishing Tackle Guns and Ammunition |j

DR. T. F. SHINNICK Dr. A. J. Schlueter

Offce Hours. 9 to 11 a. m. 2 to 4 and 7 to 8 p. m.

DENTIST

Office 115 MAIN Phone 89-x

313 Main Street Over Gruetzmacher’s Store,

Watertown, Wla.

Residence, 208 N. 5th St. Phone 273-x.

y

j

The NEW SPRING STYLES in YOUNG MEN’S SUITS

The New Method Laundry has removed their laundry to the Watertown Steam Laundry building, No. 218 First street.

=

DIETER

“MORA” HATS,

ULLRICH

Proprietors

“GRIFFON BRAND” SHIRTS will soon be here.

VACATION

j-i

You must see them before you buy anything NEW for Spring-

BARGAINS We offer to the students a small box of SEA ROSE CIGARS for 83c. Regular price $1. As the number is limited only one box goes to a student. Or­ ders may be left at 1018 Main street or

neuttiatm $ Krueger

SCHEMPF BROS. CO

•I

The Big Ca-sh Store

1 * V

MAKERS 119 North Second Street

AUG. WIGGENHORN JEWELER 13 Main Street.

JPECKE $ GW DEALERS IN

Fruits Staple and Fancy Groceries.

All goods delivered promptly to all parts of the city free of charge.

if Phone your Drug “Slants” to no. 106 « * «

The August Gamm

1

■*:

Crockery and Glassware Go. —Dealers in— Crojery Glassware Lamps Bar Goods Stone Ware Flower Pots, Etc.

the

Store

Cole Block

Main Street

Cor. Main and N. Fourth Sts.

t-kI

Watertown, Wis.

Jos. Salick & Son jewelers and Opticians

YOU ALL KNOW THE PLACE

Special Attention is given to testing Eyes and Fitting of Glasses.

Eyes Tested Free.

H

Baseball and Sporting goods i and 3 Main Street.

WE KEEP THE

BEST

FRUIT IN TOWN. The Largest Assortment of

'

KodacUs and Photographic Supplies at

KNICK BROS. ii5 Third St.

Watertown, W is.

----- TRY -----

Wiggenhorn Bros.

BADGER STATE or LATEST OUT CIGAR.

Watertown. Wis.

F. W. KURZWEG DEALER IN

Fine Boots, Shoes and Rubbers Please Give Us a Trial.

We Try to Give Satisfaction.

402 Main Street.

OTTO HEYN BIBLES, SONG BOOKS, CHURCH GOODS IN GENERAL. School Supplies a Specialty.

-409 Main Street-

:

j.

For Style, Fit and Economy Wear

We Never Begrudge the Time Taken by a Careful Buyer

Leo Ruesch’s Shoes

w

210 MAIN STREET.

H. C. REICHERT TEACHER. OF

Violin. Piano and Harmony Studio 109 Main St. Third Floor.

Above Hertel & Hoffmanns Clothing Store

F. Q. KECK & CO.

m

J

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A

Mil m

11

1

1 1

110-112 Main Street Watertown* Wisconsin

It’s usuall}' the man who has a poor product to sell that is in a-hurry to complete his sale and get your money.

If you haven’t worn Sincerity Clothes; and don’t know how good and reliable they are, we hope you will take all the time you want in picking out your choice. They will stand all the tests that good clothes may be subjected to.

Fred Qamm

A GOOD ONE AT $15 BETTER ONES UP TO $30

FURNITURE

INSURANCE Watertown,

Wisconsin

The Sincerity Clothes Shop

WfGEMANN, FABER-KAERCHER CO.

THE ^^jp!3B«lfessa3^y|[| C. G. CONN CO.

WONDER

!

BAND ORCHESTRA AND SOLO INSTRUMENTS Are Unrivalled for TONE, TUNE ACTION, MODELS, MECHANISM. and have the Endorsement of the Great Bandmasters and Musical artists of the world. The only Perfect Instruments made for either Professional or Amateur Players. They meet the most exacting requirements.

For Illustrated Catalogue giving description of instru­ ments, with prices and terms of payment, address

C. G. CONN COMPANY, Elkhart, Inch m SPORTING GOODS CO.

SOUSE AND CLASS PENANTS, Made to order in special designs.

Prices quoted upon request.

Milwaukee, Wis. ...MAKERS OF...

i'-X-.'Vs- ■ Felt Penn nts $3 per doz. and up Semi for free 28 page illustrated circu­ lar of Novelties for schools and cadets, including American Hags, P.anners, Pelt Huckles, Military Bonks, Brigade Uiilos, Button Holders, Clothing Hangers, Pry­ ing Pan Clocks, Cravat- Pius, Cuff But­ tons, Peanuts, Hat Pins Jerseys, Sweat­ ers, Tights, Fountain Pens, Trouser Stretchers.’Varsity Flags,Match Fobs,etc The Peitibone Bros. Mfg. Com’y Alfg’s. of Uniforms, Military and Secret Society Supplies, Cincinnati, 0.

FINE ATHLETIC AND SPORTING GOODS Special Discounts to Schools and Colleges.

Write for Catalog.

THE BESTand CHEAPEST HOUSE catalog^-—rsa

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BAND&ORCHESTRA

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THE BLA CK ^ m AND RED% mix M •• v?

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For Illustrated Catalogue giving description of instru­ ments, with prices and terms of payment, address

C. G. CONN COMPANY, Elkhart, Ind. COLLEGE AND CLASS PENANTS

©

Made to order in special designs.

Prices quoted upon request.

QUIN SPORTING GOODS CO. Milwaukee. Wis.

...MAKKRS OF...

FINE ATHLETIC AND SPORTING GOODS Felt Pennants $3 per doz. and up Send for free 28 page illustrated circu­ lar of Novelties for schools and cadets, including American flags, Banners, Belt Buckles, Military Books, Brigade Rifles, Button Holders, Clothing Hangers, Fry­ ing Pan Clocks, Cravat} Pins, Cuff But­ tons, Penants, Hat Pins, Jersevs, Sweat­ ers, Tights, Fountain Pens, Trouser Stretchers.’Varsity Flags,Watch Fobs, etc The Pettibone Bros. Mfg. Com’y Mfg’s. of Uniforms, Military and Secret Society Supplies, Cincinnati, 0.

Special Discounts to Schools and Colleges.

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ÂŁ

A § Volume XI.

Watertown, Wisconsin, December, 1907.

^

Number 7

LITERARY Fritzens ers'e HeimrcJse

Paul IIensel, oS. Wcihnachtsfcricn! Wclclie Sclinsucht nach clcr Heimat, welches Verlangcn, Eltcrn und Geschwistcr wiederzuschen, welch susse Hoffnungen und freudige Erwartungcn ruft nicht dieses Wort im Herzen eines jungen Scxtancrs wacli, tier zum ersten Mai in seinem Leben das Vaterhaus verlasscn hat inn an f eincm Gymnasium sich ausbildcn zu lassen, und der mm die goldencn Tage der Wcihnachtsfcricn vor sich liegen sieht. Mit pochcndcm Herzen er wart cl or den Tag, an dem cr nach Hause reisen darf, freudig begriisst er die Zeit, in der cs ihm vergonnt ist, im Kreise seiner Lichen Weihnachten zu feiern, wo er mit seinen Geschwistern nach Herzcnslust sprechen kann, und wo ihn keine Hausordnung zwingt, um 6 Uhr aufzustehen. Er selmt sich weg von dem regen und bunten Studentenleben, dessen Wert er nocli nicht zu schiitzen weiss, hin nach dem trauten Familienkrcis. (lessen Licbc er auf dem Gymnasium in Stunden der Triibsal oft vermisst hat.

Auch unser Fritz, der mit September die Anstalt in W. . . besucht hattc, frente sich sehr iiber die konimende Wcilmachtszeit. Je naher die Ferien heranriickten, desto mehr weiltcn seine Gedanken zu Hause bei den Lieben, namentlich wenn cr nach Abendbrot in seinem Zimmer sass, und die vierstimmiggesungenen Weihnachtslieder vom Rauchsaal aus an sein Ohr drangen, erfiillten sein Herz Gefiihle des Wehmuts und des Heimwehs.

Jedcn Abend, ehe er zu Rett ging. holte er seinen Kalender vom Nagel herunter, durchkreuzte das Datum des Tages, rechnete dann aus, wie lange er noch aushalten miisse. Einen Fahrplan hatte er sich schon vom B'ahnhofheamten geben lassen und studierte nun aufs eifrigste darin, wann die verschiedenen Ziige liefen, welche Verbindungen ihm am pa.ssendsten waren, und wann er W. . . verlasse und zu Hause ankomme. Kurz, er wandtc jede notige Vorsorge an, damit er auch gesund und wohlerhalten zu Hause ankomme, wusste er docli, dass er dcr Einzige war, der so weit nach Norden reisen musste.

Ein Tag nach dem andern verfloss, und ehe sichs Fritz versah, war der letzte Abend vor seiner Heimreise gekommen. Kaum war das Semester

152

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THE BLACK AND RED

geschlossen, so sprang auch Fritz ganz ausgclasscn zum Wohngcbaudc hiniiber, rannte clie Treppe hinauf, schleuderte seine Bucher auf den Tisch, war im Handumdrehen obcn in der Dachstube, und zog seinen Koffer mit vielem unnotigen Gepolter die Treppe hinunter in scin Zimmer. Nun ging das Packen los. Was ihm auch untcr die Finger kam, stcckte cr in den Koffer, meinte er doch, auf der Heimreise miisse man alle Habe mitnehmen, denn, wer weiss, ob man nacli Wcihnachten wieder zuriickkommen wollc.

So packte er unermudlich alles hincin, sodass Anziigc, Schuhe. Bcttzcug und Bucher alles durch- und ubercinandcr zu liegen kamcn. Von scincm behaglichen Nachtlager war nichts iibrig als die Bettstclle und die nakte Matratze, womit er sich fiir die letztc Nacht begniigen musste, da Kissen und Decken bereits im Koffer lagen. Von Ordnung war nicht die Rede, denn wie konnte er in eincr so aufgeregten Stunde. als Alles im Sturmwind vor sich ging, seinen Koffer sorgfiiltig packen, zumal cr fiir einige Primaner Reisetaschen zum Balmhof schleppen musste. Dann wollte er auch noch von ettlichen Busenfreundcn Abschied nehmen. und sic ermahnen. dass sic ja wahrend der Ferien an ihn schreibcn sollten. Fritz hat also vollauf zu tun, und deswegen konnen wir es ihm nicht iibel nehmen. dass er beim Einpacken nicht gerade eigen war. Nachdcm Koffer, Taschen und Pakctc zur Reise fertig, und alle anderen Geschafle erledigt waren, sctzte sich Fritz neben seinen Kameraden auf den Tisch, uni sich au^zuruhen, denn die Arbeit und die Anstrengung hatte seine Kraftc zicmlich in Anspruch gcnommen. Sie unterhielten sich uber die Ereignisse de^ verzogenen Semes­ ters, was sie alles haben aushalten miissen, wicviel sie entbehrt. und vor allem wie viel sie gelernt batten. So redcicn sie liber nianchcrlei bis spat in die Nacht hinein und zogen sich erst dann zuriick. als der Inspektor bei seinem letzten Rundgang ihnen den Rat gab, das Belt aufzusuchcn. Dass Fritz eine schlaflose Nacht zugebraeht hat, ist erklarlich, wenn wir bedenken, dass sein Belt sich in cineni ziemlich kiimmerlichen Zustand befand.

Am niiclisten Morgen stand er auf, als noch alles im tiefsten Schlummcr lag, legte seinen Militaranzug an, wichste seine Schuhe, band sich seine Sonntagsschleifc um, sctzte die Kappe schief auf, und war sonst reisefertig.

Dann spazierte er, ein Lied vor sich bin pfeifend, draussen in dor frischen Morgenluft umlicr, bis die Glockc ihm zu seiner letzten Mahlzcit einlud.

Nach deni Fruhstiick eilten alle zum Balmhof und Fritz, in der Rechten eine Reisetasche, in der Linken ein grosses Paket, war unter den ersten. obwolil man hatte meinen sollen, dass er mit seinem schwcrcn Gcpiick die Nachhut gebildet hatte.

Im Balmhof angekommen, drangten siclr die Schuler um den Schalter, um ihre Billets moglichst schnell zu bekommen.

Doch es dauertc eine geraume Zeit ehe der Beamte sic alle befriedigen konnte, sodass Fritz, den die grosscren Studcnten immer zuriickdrangtcn, ganz besorgt wurde, ob er auch sein ..Ticket*4 noch zur rechten Zeit bekame.

Doch hatte er mehr Zeit. als ihm.licb war. denn der Zug war iiber eine halbe Stunde verspatet. Nachdem er sein Billet gekauft hatte. ging er ungeduldig auf dem Perron auf und ab, stelltc sich auf das Geleise und schaute

Till-: BLACK A\'i RED

i

J

153

sclinsiiclitig in die Feme, ob der Zug noch nicht zu schcn sei. Als cr endlicli hcransgerollt kam und anhielt, stiegen die Studcnten ein, und suchten soviel wic lr.dglich in cinem Passagierwagon zusammenzusitzen, damit sie sich bequem nnterhalien konnlen. Auch Fritz hatte einen Sitz gewahlt, wo er rings von lusiigen Kamcraden umgeben war.

Langsam rollle der Zug aus der Stadt, dar.n gings schneller und schnellcr, und zulctzt raste er mit Windeseile da von t denn es gait die verlorene Zoit nachzuholen.

An fangs war es noch sehr lebhnft und rege im Wagen, waren ja die Studcnten alle in bester Laune. Besondcrs war unser Fritz, der sonst ein wenig enipfindlich war, in : uVr Stimmung, denn er nahm es seinen Kameraden nicht iibel, wenn sie ihn auch noch so sehr wegen seiner Pakcte und Biindel. die er auf seinen Sitz aufgctiirmt hatte, ncckten. Allmahlich aber wunle es ruhiger. denn ein Student nacli dem andern stieg mit ,,frohliche Weiiinncbten" auf seinem Lippcn an dieser odor jener Station aus, uni von •eir.en KUcrn cmpiaiv.cn 7.11 wer-'en. Auch Fritz stieg aus, aber nicht, urn seine lleimat zu licgriisccn, sondern urn auf einen Zug zu warten, der ihn dorthin bringen solltc. Fr ging in das Bahnhofsgebaude und erkundigte sich, wann der nachsle Zug nacli Xor.len relic. Uni drei Uhr heute Nachmittag—kmtetc die Antwort. „Um drei Ulir,“ rief Fritz erstaunt, „dann muss ich ja bier fiinf Slundcu liegen.** Ja das kann nicht geandert werden, der Morgenzug komitc nicht auf den cr.rigen warten, denn er ist ja uber’ne hnlbe Stundc verspatet. Das war ein Blitz aus heiterem Himmcl fur unscren iungen Scxtaner. In diesern elenden Dorf, das kaum fiinf und zwan7ig Hauser zalilte. wo er koine Seele kannte, soli er fiinf lange Stunden zuhringen. Das scliien ihm ganz uncrtriiglich. Er setztc sich auf cine Bank, wo er unbec.bnehtet zu seiu glauhte, und fmg an. bitterlich zu weinen.

Kin (Tofiilil der Kinsamkeit, des Verlassenseins von iedermann kam iiber ihn. er he kam Heimwch, wic cr es noch rsie geliabt. Heimwch nacli seinen Mitsehulcrn, nacli El tern und Gcschwistern. Heimwch nach dem College und nacli seiner JTcimat. O hatte er doch einen Kameraden bei sich, dem er sein Herz ausschiitten kdnnlc. mit dessen Los er sich trosten diirfte, dann ware cs noch ertraglich, aber ganz allein in die Fremde hinausgestossen zu wer­ den. sclinilt dem unerfahrenen Fritz allzu tief ins Herz. Lange sass er auf der Bank, sein Gcsicht in seine Hande verheugend, und hriitete iiber sein Los. Als er den ersten Sdimerz iiberstanden und sich die Tranen getrocknet, ging er die Strasse hinauf, so weit das Trottoir reichte, und besah sich das kleinc Nest, nahm jedoch, aus Furcht, dass sie gestohlen wiirden, seine Reisctaschen mit sich. Ach. wie traurig und einsam sail doch alles aus.

Die Ba.ume waren cntlauht. die Feldc-r bildeten eine wiiste Streeke von gcpfiugtcm Sand, die Erde war in ein diinnes Winterkleid gehiillt, der Anblick auf ein solches Landschaftbild. als ihm heute Morgen in W. . . . so lieblicli vorkam, war ihm ganz zuwider. Die Leute, die ihn sahen, konnten sich nicht genug wundern iiber den kleinen Soldaten, der so unentschlossen und zwecklos umberwan derte und so verlassen dreinschaute.

Fritz, gcplagt von Unrulie und Langeweile, ging nun in ein kleines Gastliaus, das mit dem Bahnhof verbunden war. und lioss sich ein Mittags-

i 154?

THE BLACK AND RED

essen vorsetzen. Abcr es wollte ihm nicht schmeckcn. Unangeriihrt lies? er sein Essen stehen und ging hinaus. Lieber wollte er sich cliclit am Geleise hinsetzen und warten, bis sein Zug komme, als in dem engen VVartezimmer sitzen.

Er setzt sicli bin, wartet und wartet wohl zwei Stunden lang obnc cinen Blick von der Kriimmung zu wenden, wo der Zug zuerst sichtbar werden musste. Da horte er plotzlich in der Frne einen grellen Pfiff. Endlicb endlich ist es so weit—rief Fritz aus, sprang empor und sab—nicht was er hoffte, einen Passagierwagen, sondern cinen scbwerbeladenen Fracbtzug, der knackend und knarrend an ibm vorbeiging. Wicder enttausebt! Fritz, sicb der Tranen kaum erwebrend, verfallt in cin dumpfes P.rutcn, und ist so tief in Gedanken versunken, dass er das Heranrollen des Passagierzuges nicht vernimmt. Erst als die Lokomotive um die Ecke bog und zum zweiten Mai pfiff. erwacht Fritz aus scitien Traumcn und, von IToffmmgen lieu belebt, besteigt er den Zug, als er kaum zum Stehen gebracht war. Nun war er wieder gliicklich, seine Tranen waren getrocknet, seine Augen leuebteten wieder bell auf, allcr Kummer war vergessen, denn jetzt gings nach Hause. Und mit solcbcr Gescbwindigkeit rastc der Zug der Hcimat zu, dass es schien, als ob er wusste, dass Fritz es eilig hatte. In Wenigen Minuten bielt der Zug in N . . . und Fritz lag in den Armen seiner Mutter.

Fritz bat seitdeni vide Reisen gemacht, abet* iedesmal bat er sicb erkundigt, ob er auch bequem Verbindungen liaben konnte, denn mit Scbrecken gedachte er der fiinf Stunden die cr bci seiner ersten ITeimreise in jenem einsamen Dorfe zugebracht hatte. a

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Christmas Customs in the United States

H. Kirchner, ’io.

Christmas time is drawing near and the children are again eagerly listening to the old, old Christmas tales that their mothers are telling them.

Christmas! To whom docs not the magic word recall sweet memories of bv-gone Christmas scenes. There is the Christmas tree ablaze with light, bedecked with sparkling tinsel, and streaming out a fragrant odor due to the pine and the burning candles. There is dear old Santa Claus with his reindeer, galloping about on the night before Christmas, and scrambling down chimneys in order to fill the little stockings that hang in a row by the fireplace. Then there is the holly and the mistletoe—so dangerous to the unsuspecting maiden caught under them—and all sorts of pleasures to make the hours look bright while outside the wind is howling, the ground is white with snow, and Jack Frost is prowling about, freezing up the pond and pinching people’s noses. Christmas is the time of good cheer and happiness and presents for everybody: the time of chiming bells and joyful carols; of Christmas goose and mince pie, candy and plum pudding, and all the other good things that go to make up a truly merry Christmas.

Such is the Christmas that is best known to us. But this big country of ours is the home of people belonging to different races, and many of these

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have retained the Christmas customs of their native lands, while other customs have sprung up amongst us, as is the case in the South. It is there, as it is with us, the merriest time of all the year. Besides, it is also the noisiest, and we are certainly beaten in that respect. Sis! Bang! Boom!

Sky rockets hissing, crackers snapping, cannons roaring, bells ringing and youngsters shouting with wild delight. That is the way Christmas begins down South, and the racket is kept up all day long. To add to the clamor, bands play popular airs and military companies parade the streets and fire salutes. A Northern lad, waking up suddenly in New- Orleans or Atlanta, would think himself in the midst of a rousing Fourth-of-July celebration.

Here and there in the South the custom of burning the Yule log is still observed. As long as it burns none but the absolutely necessary work is done and the time is spent in merry-making. And as for the darkies, they take it for granted that all the white folks they know will give them pres­ ents, and look on Christmas as a holiday that was invented for their espe­ cial happiness. They arc up bright and early and with grinning faces ask for “Christmas gif’, Mistah.” No one thinks of refusing them and at the end of the day they arc richer and happier than at any other time during the whole year.

Otherwise Christmas in the South is much the same as it is in the North. The houses arc decorated with greens, the children hang up their stockings, while the Christmas dinner is not complete without the familiar turkey, cranberry sauce and mince pic.

For a great many years Christmas was not observed in one of the ear­ liest settled parts of this country. No Christmas? That seems hardly pos­ sible! And yet such was the state of affairs in New England during colonial times. In Massachusetts a law existed forbidding its celebration, and anybndv caught shouting a “Merry Christmas” was promptly arrested and punished. The Puritans considered Christmas a relic of paganism and thought it sinful and wicked to participate in any of the old Christmas sports of their native land. Of course, things are different now, but the effects of the early Puritan ideas may still be noticed. Tn many country places more is still made of Thanksgiving than of Christmas. One will find few Christmas trees in the smaller and more out-of-the-way towns, particularly in New Hampshire. Usually there is only one big tree in the town ball. Thither the children go and. after a short entertainment, receive the gifts which have been hung on the branches of the tree. There is noth­ ing loud or noisv about Christmas in New England.

From the quiet Christmas of the stern New Englander let us go to that of a people who have not, like these, rejected the habits of their fatherland, but have preserved and added to them. These are the good-natured, roundfaced, rosv-cheeked Pennsylvania Germans.

The “Pelznickcl!” Perhaps some arc acquainted with the name, or with “Knecht Rupert,” synonym for the same character. The German mothers in Pennsylvania threaten their children with the “Pelznickel” at Christmas time. He corresponds in a manner with our Santa Claus, how­ ever, no such feats as riding through the air, or affecting entrance by

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means of narrow chimneys are expected of him. On the night before Christmas he goes from house to house, where the children are already awaiting him. He is dressed all in furs and armed with a bundle of switches. On his shoulder, and that is the main thing for the children, he carries a bag of toys. He inquires after the behavior of the little ones and requests them to say their prayers. After this has been accomplished with a good deal of stammering, the “Pclznicker freely distributes presents to those whose conduct has been good; but woe betide the naughty, for their share is a frown from the “Pelznickel” and some switches. However, here too peace and good-will reign supreme at Christmas-tide and the muchfeared yet anxiously awaited “Pelznickel” is generally inclined to overlook a little naughtiness.

In the southwestern part of the United States little is known of the Christmas customs so dear to us. It there has a wholly religious nature.

Celebrations commence more than a week before the day. The people gather at some neighbor’s house every night and, after short devotional exercises, spend the evening in merry-making. On Christmas eve a solemn little play is given commemorating the birthday of our Savior, and the characters in the sacred story are represented in the tableaux.

We, who think that a cheery fire and a warm room arc necessary for the right kind of Christmas, will think it odd that in far away Alaska, where it is so much colder than it is here, it is an outdoor festivity. Yet on the nights during Christmas week processions, headed by a man bearing a large star and two men or boys with lanterns on poles, go to the houses of the rich and sing carols. After die second night men and boys dressed in fantastic robes follow the procession and try to destroy the star. This is supposed to represent the attempt of Herod to kill the babes of Bethlehem.

But the people evidently do not think much of its meaning, for they make a great frolic of it. Everybody is full of fun and the frosty night air rings with laughter as the boys and girls chase each other here and there in merry excitement.

We now come to the celebration of Christmas in our island possessions.

In the Philippines it is a great event, as it is in all countries once under Spanish rule. Mass is celebrated at midnight and after that during every hour of the day. Young folks act little plays pertaining to the birth of Christ before expectant audiences, and hold merry gatherings in the open air during Christmas week. In Hawaii Christmas was unknown until it became a part of the United States, but since then it is regularly celebrated in a similar manner as it is with us.

These customs did not for the most part originate in the United States, but, as has already been intimated, have been transplanted from the Old World to the New. Our Santa Claus comes from Holland, our Christmas tree from Germany, the Christmas stocking from Belgium and France, while the “Merry Christmas and Happy New Year” was the old English greeting shouted from window to street, and from street back to window in the “long, long ago.”

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Twelve Ye^rs Aft*r

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A. P. S., 09.

It was Christmas eve. The church bells were tolling. They were telling the old old story which they have told so often, but which gains a new charm with every repetition. They seemed to proclaim the joyous chorus of the angels. Glcry to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will toward men. All hearts seemed to be filled with peace and joy, and yet there were some for whom that evening held no joys in store. Many a poor laborer who during the day had passed by the mansion of W. J. Pollard, one of the most successful business men of Chicago, had silently expressed the wish that lie might only for a night be as happy with his dear ones as this man. And yet could he have looked into the heart of the millionaire that night, how much happiness would he have found there?

“You shall never be the wife of Will Howard, if I can prevent it,” thundered Mr. Pollard, lie was pacing up and down his study, gesticulat­ ing nervously. 11 is daughter was seated at a table on the other side of the room. Her head had sunk down and she was sobbing convulsively. “I had cherished the fondest hopes as to your future,” he continued, merci­ lessly. “I had hoped to see you mingle in the best society; yes, to become a leader of society, and now it has come to this. Do you suppose that I have labored and toiled all these years—beginning as an office boy in a lumber office and advancing steadily until [ now control the greater part of the northern lumber—do you suppose I did all this only to see some good-for-nothing, some fortune-hunter, reap .the fruits of my labor?” .

Up to this moment his daughter had listened to him in silence, but these last words stung her to the quick. Arising slowly, she said: “Father, you may reproach me as much as you please, but you shall not insult the man I love. 'Phe men whom you would have me associate with are inane crea­ tures with much money and little brains. Where were those paragons of manliness from the best of society at the burning of the Alhambra? They were looking for their own safety: ves. in bestial cowardice they were trampling upon the helpless women. Had it not been for the timely inter­ ference of Will at that awful moment. I should have perished in the flames, as you well know. Pie is the very epitome of a true man and I have loved him ever since the moment he carried me out of that burning hell in his strong arms.”

“And he has taken proper advantage of your gratitude,” remarked the father.

Ignoring the last remark, she slowly walked up to him and, kneeling down by his side, she pleaded: “Father, would you sacrifice the happiness of your only child in order to achieve some end you have in view? It would break my heart.”

“That's what they always say. but I declare,” and here his voice became stern, “that I shall disown you the day on which you become the bride of that scamp.” * * *

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“Miss Helen Pollard, the daughter of the well-known lumberman of this city, and Will Howard, a young civil engineer, have eloped. Mr. Pol­ lard is grief-stricken, but declares that the young couple shall never come into his presence again.” This was the heading of one of the main articles of the “Gossip” for December twenty-fifth. That was a sad Christmas for the old man, who was alone now, for his wife had died when 1-Ielcn was a mere child. And now the daughter too, in whom he saw the comfort of his old age, had left him.

However, he still silently hoped that site would come back to him some day, but there he was mistaken. From time to time he heard of the young couple. He knew that they had returned to the city, yes, his daughter even wrote to him and tried to reconcile the stern old man, but his pride would not suffer him to take such a step. He would have no reconciliation unless his daughter would leave her husband. From day to day lie became more and more dissatisfied with himself and with the world, a broken-hearted man alone with his grief and his—money. * \ * ❖ * " !

Twelve years had elapsed. Again it was Christmas. During the day a snow-storm had been raging, now all was quiet save a few flakes that floated in the crisp wintry air. Little Jim had been out all evening selling the evening edition of one of the papers, but the passersbv were all think­ ing of the dear ones awaiting them at home. Nobody noticed the poor newsboy, for who reads a newspaper on Christmas eve? With a heart full of bitterness the little boy turned his steps homeward. He had hoped to surprise his dear mother, who had been so sad ever since papa was gone, with a larger amount of sales than usual. And now the snow-storm had prevented him in the afternoon, and in the evening his sales had been but small. How happy had they been but a short time ago. Every evening he would go to meet his father coming home from work. He would tell him all his little cares and troubles. Then came that sad day when he was called to his father’s bedside and his father bade him farewell, telling him to be a help to his mother in the future. From that time on his happy days had been very few.

Such were his thoughts on the way homeward. In the distance he could already discern the light in his mother’s room, where she sat awaiting the return of her little boy, thinking perhaps of the happiness of bygone days or of his lonesome old grandfather, of whom he had heard her speak so often, but whom he had never seen. Why this rich old grandfather never came to see him, he could not quite understand. Then they would be out of all need.

Just as he arrived at his mother’s little cottage, he saw a dark figure lying prostrate before him. Quickly kneeling down, he found it to be an old man, apparently unconscious. Instantly he ran into the house and called his mother. B'v their joint efforts they succeeded in bringing him into the house. He had apparently been knocked unconscious and then robbed, as could be seen from the disorder of his clothes and from a cut watch chain. As soon as the rays of the lamp fell into the old man’s face.

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little Jim suddenly saw his mother turn pale and heard her exclaim: “Father, my father.” In a few moments they had restored him to con­ sciousness. no serious harm having been done. With a look of surprise he asked, “Where am I?” “Tn the house of vour daughter,” answered Helen, for she it was.

“Helen, my child," he said, “forgive me all----- ” “Father,” sobbed his daughter, as she knelt down beside him, “it is I who should ask forgiveness, disobeying you so grossly, who meant so well.

Oftentimes since the death of poor Will had I thought of coming to you, but I was ashamed of myself.”

“Tonight it is just twelve years ago since you left me,” resumed her father, “and as T was sitting alone I was thinking how happy we had been in bygone days, when vour laughing and talking had been my delight and I longed to have you with me again. I had heard about the death of your husband and fell deeplv for you. Helen, I have learned a lesson during those dreary years. I know now that riches do not make a person happy.

But let us forget the past and act in the living present.” Turning to little Jim, he said: “Come here, my bov, tomorrow you shall come to see your grandfather and then you’ll always stay with him, won’t you?”

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Inwiofern 1st d&s W**fhnacht sfest so recht ein Freudenfest?

Otto Platit, ’io.

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Fin jedcr wird an sich selbst schon erfahren haben, wie ganz anders wir gestimmt sind, wenn im Herbst die Blatter fallen, als wenn im Fruhling alles grunt and bliiht. Mit grosser Freude bemerken wir, wie sich in der lauen Fnihlingsluft ein Baum nncli dem andern bel^ubt und eine Blume nach der andern Knospen treibt. Welche Traurigkeit liherkommt uns hingegen. wenn wir an oinem kalten Herbstmorgen an unser Fenster treten und Gras und Blumen erstarrt am Boden liegen sehen? Wohl erfreuen uns im Herbst noch einige angenehme und warme Tage. doch die kalten itberwiegen und machen uns frosteln. Bald halt der Winter mit Frost und Schnee seinen Einzug und scheint aller Lust und Frohlichkeit des Fruhlings und Sommers vollends ein Ende zu machen. Doch die Vorbereitungen auf das Weihnachtsfest verscheuchen bald alle triiben Gedanken, denn Wcihnachtcn ist ein rechtes Freudenfest.

Zunachst ist das Weihnachtsfest so recht ein Freudenfest fiir die Kinder, besonders fiir die kleinen Kinder. Wie oft hort man nicht die Frage: ..Mama, kommt der Weihnachtsmann nicht bald ?“ oder, „Wird rnir. der Weihnachtsmann auch recht viel Sachen bringen, wenn ich artig bin?“ Haben die Kleinen dann in irgend einem Schaufenster eine Figur gesehen, die den Weihnachtsmann vorstellen soil, so konnen sie kaum die Zeit abwarten bis der Weihnachtstag anbricht. Sie bestiirmen die Eltern taglich mit Fragen iiber den Weihnachtsmann und seine Gaben. Ihre Seele ist so von diesen Gedanken erfullt. dass sie wohl gar des Nachts im Traum vom Weihnachtsmann reden.

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1st der heilige Abend endlich da, dann ist die Freude gross. Nachdem sie von der Mutter festlich angezogen sind, sagen sie noch einmal ilire Weihnachtsspriiche her, die sie in der Kirche vortragen sollen. Inzwischen ertont die Kirchenglocke und alle, mit Ausnahmc von vielleicht zvvei alteren Geschwistern, begeben sich zur Kirche. Die Aufgabe dieser beiden ist, den Christbaum zu schmucken, wahrend die andern in der Kirche sind.

Kaum haben sie die letzten Lichter angeziindet, so werden draussen auch schon Fusstritte und frohliche Stimmen horbar. Schnell begeben sie sich in ein anderes Zimmer, urn nicht bei ihrer Arbeit ertappl zu werden. Sobald die Kleinen von draussen die brennenden Lichter gewahr werden, entsteht ein grosser Jubel. Freudig eilen sie ins Haus, uni den langerschnten Weihnachtsbaum zu sehen. Nachdem alle uni den brennenden Baum versammelt sind, miissen die Kleinen deni Weihnaclitsmann zuni Dank fur den herrlichen Christbaum und die schonen Geschenke noch ein Lied singen. Hierauf werden die Gaben ausgetcilt.

Die Stimmung der Beschenkten ljisst sich kaum beschreiben. Hoclicrfreut eilen sie zum Vater oder zur Mutter, um ihre Geschenke zu zeigen.

Driicken diese dann ihr Erstaunen iiber die schonen Geschenke aus, so ist die Freude noch grosser, denn auch schon auf sie findet das Sprichwort Anwendung: „Geteilte Freude ist doppelte Freude.“ Viel williger als zu andern Zeiten geben sie auch dann von dem ihrigen gern Etwas ab.

Sodann ist das Weihnachlsfest ein Frcudcnfest fur die erwachscnen Kinder. Glauben sie auch dcr landlaufigen Erzahlung vom Weihnachtsmann nicht mehr, so wird dadurch ihre Weihnachtsfrcude docli keineswegs verringert. Welche Freude und Wonnc ist es auch fiir sie, wenn sie am heiligen Abend uni den brennenden Christbaum geschaart sind und ein Mitglied der Familic die Geschenke, welche neben dem Weihnachtsbaum aufgehauft sind, iintcr* die Anwesenden austeilt ?

Aber das Weihnachtsfest ist nicht nur ein Freudenfest fiir die Kinder, sondern auch fiir die Eltern. Durch gegenseitige Geschenke versuchen auch sie. einander Freude zu bereiten. Dazu kommen noch Geschenke von ihren Kindern. Dies ist jedocli langst nicht ihre grosste Weihnachtsfreude.

Weit mehr freuen sie sich iiber die Frohlichkeit ihrer Kinder, denn in deren Freude sehen sie ihr Gluck.

Schliesslich aber ist das Weihnachtsfest ein Freudenfest fiir die gesammte Christenheit. ^ Es soil den Christen an die unermessliche Liebe Gottes erinnern, der seinen einzigen Sohn gab, die Siinder selig zu machen.

Diese unergriindliche Liebe Gottes muss in den Herzen der Menschen gewiss Freude und Gegenliebe erweeken. Wer die eigentliche B'edeutung des Weihnachtsfestes im Auge behalt, dem wird auch die reclite Weihnachts­ freude nicht fehlen.

Darum wollen auch wir dem Heiland unsure Herzen offnen und das schone Fest recht freudig feiern.

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Published monthly by the students of the No-thwesten University.

EDITORIAL STAFF. EDGAR GUENTHER, ’08

t EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

BUSINESS MANAGERS. ERWIN E. KOWALKE, ’oS MARTIN J. WAGNER, ’08

BUSINESS MANAGER ASST. BUSINESS MANAGER DEPARTMENT EDITORS.

MARTIN SCHUMACHER, ’10 JOHN E. SCHAEFER, »o8 SIGMUND PftOBST, ’09 HERBERT SCUTA LLEH, ’09 ALEXANDER P. SITZ, ’09

ATHLETIC EDITOR. COLLEGE NOTES EXCHANGE EDITOR LOCAL EDITOR CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

Contributions to the Literary Department are renuested from alumni and undergraduates, All rv matter should be addressed to the Editor-in-Chief and all business communications to the literary ........

Business manager. ... , The terms of subscription are 7; cents per annum, payable in advance. Single copies, 10 cents Siam ps not accepted in payment. Notify us if you wish your address changed or your paper discontinued The Blnck and Red is forwarded to all subscribers until order for its discontinuation is received and until all arrearages are paid.

Entered at the Postoftice of Watertown, Wis., as second-class matter.

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EDITORIAL

Christmas vacation! Whom of our readers does the sound of these two words not touch to the quick and cause his blood to course with greater speed through his veins than at an other time within the past four months of strenuous mental work? And why should it not! Isn’t this the only month of the year when the faces of rich as well as of poor, of old as well as of young, of hale as well as of sick, and, strange to say, of Chris­ tians as well as of heathen, glow with a pleasure not witnessed at any other period during these 365 days? And for us, who are Christians, it is espe­ cially a time of great rejoicing; for it was at this time that in the days of yore the Christ-child appeared on this earth to bear upon its shoulders the sins of all mankind and thus to clear the way to the everlasting happiness above. From the time when the church was in its infancy it had always been the custom of the Christians to celebrate the anniversary of Christ’s nativity and from them this custom has spread over the whole civilized world, over believers as well as over unbelievers. The custom of giving and receiving presents on Christmas day also originated among the Chris­ tians. The people of this world soon learned to imitate it, and at our time this is the sole reason why they celebrate Christmas at all, while with us Christians it is a sign of mutual brotherly love and affection.

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The student and especially the younger student, who has just finished his first four months’ at college, sees in these few weeks a time of rest and recreation in the company of his parents, brothers and sisters, and appre­ ciates it as such. He diverts his mind from his studies and gives it a chance to gain new strength, so that when these weeks of rest have passed away (which they do only too quickly in the eyes of the average student), he may again attack his studies with new zeal and vigor, so that, when the time comes for the final reports to be written out, the professors may do this with pleasure and not with a heavy heart.

We, the editors, wish all our readers a merry and joyful Christmas and a happy New Year. .fi *

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The many loyal supporters of athletics, and of football Football at N. especially, at our college, have undoubtedly been some­ W. U. ii\ 1907. what disappointed over the seemingly poor showing made by the eleven during the past season. But the record of the team is not so poor as it appears at first glance, for the boys held the heavy Mar­ quette team to nearly the same score as did cither Lawrence or Ripon, and it was not until later in the season, when in good condition, that the team showed its real merit by defeating by a score of 48 to o the Oshkosh Nor­ mal eleven, who in turn won from Lawrence. Carroll likewise went down to defeat before the fierce attacks and the fighting spirit that had been lacking earlier in the season. And now, when every man was at his best, and when the eight new men had learned to play hard and fast at their positions, it was our misfortune to see the season come to an early close (Nov. 16th). The rooters bewailed their fate with the cry: “Oh, if we could only play those first games once more.”

Perhaps the majority of our readers are not acquainted with the man­ ner of management and with the exact condition of athletics at our school.

Since both baseball and football arc supported by about 200 students, who board at the college, and by certain liberal business men of the city (gate receipts barely pay the cost of advertising), we necessarily labor under difficulties not existing at most other schools. Teams at N. W. U. have never enjoyed the services of a coach, being obliged to content themselves with what the captain could impart to them and with what they learned through contact with coached teams. But this lack of a coach’s services is not generally considered as a hardship. The captain is obeyed implicitly and every man works, not for the coach or captain, but for the sake of the game and the exercise and for the honor of the school. That football is considered mainly as a means of exercise, and not as a means of merely triumphing over some other school, is evidenced by the fact that at one time there may be seen practicing on the campus as many as seven or eight teams, ranging from the first team to boys of twelve in knee trousers. And all these teams are picked from the 180 students boarding at the school, and every one is working hard eventually to achieve the honor of having a posi­ tion on the first team. We venture to say that no other school in the state

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has such a percentage of its students reaping the benefits of football.

Whether the services of a professional coach would lessen this interest, we are not prepared to say. but true it is that there are schools in the state whose teams are coached by men of experience that cannot boast of more than one well organized team and are often hard pressed to scrape up a team to practice against.

For the benefit of our supporters we may say that we have the only uncoached team in the state, but in spite of that fact scored a total of So points to our opponents’ 77, although we were outweighed by every team and in two cases by as much ss twenty pounds per man. Those who are averse to football because of its so-called brutality and because of the danger connected with it. may be interested to learn that only four minutes of time were taken out. by our men because of injuries. This fact testifies to the endurance of the men and to their good condition, for it must be said to the credit of every player that he tried his best without compulsion from a coach to keep his body and mind sound and strong throughout the season by avoiding such things as smoking, irregular meals and late hours.

In conclusion we ask all our friends not to feel discouraged over the team or its failure to secure the pennant, but to consider the odds and the excellent showing made against heavier teams, to say nothing of the benefit of such healthv outdoor exercise.

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In accordance with the present staff’s policy of economy, the Christmas number of the Black and Red has no dis­ tinguishing features save the different nature of the arti­ cles. In spite of the fact that the student body has given the staff pecuniary aid whenever asked to do so in years past, we consider it unjust to ask them alone to contribute to an issue in which one hundred and thirty delin­ quents may share the profit, and hence have not enlarged it at all.

Incidentally, this reminds us of an editor of a certain country newspaper.

Driven to desperation, he threatened to publish the names of all delinquents who failed to send in their subscription before the next issue. Needless to say, everybody paid up promptly. We are also on the verge of desperation and may test the efficacy of the above in case our business manager’s per­ sonal duns do not have the desired effect. * * * Edgar Melzer, our efficient exchange editor, having been forced to resign owing to ill health, the faculty has appointed Herbert Schaffer, ’09. as his successor on the staff. Mr. Schaffer is a conscientious worker and the quality of his work will no doubt justify the confidence placed in his ability.

Editor's Notes.

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COLLEGE NOTES

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Banquet of the Football Team.

On the 23d of November the members of the football team were tendered an excellent banquet by Manager E. Guenther and P. Bergmann. The meal was prepared by the superintendent of our refectory, Mrs. Koniger, whose hospitality also furnished her own apartments for the occasion. The room was handsomely decorated with flowers and college colors, and the quality of the meal was such as greatly to exceed the expectations of those bv whom it had been ordered. E. Guenther officiated as toastmaster and the different students were called upon to speak. Each one gave an interesting acount of his football career while attending Northwestern, narrating how be developed into his present position. This way of proposing toasts proved to make a most delightful evening. Tn connection with the banquet, the disbandment of the team and the election of the captain for the ensuing year took place, which election resulted in the captaincy of Paul Zeisler, our star quarterback of two years ago.

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The Lyceum and Philomathian Literary Societies.

The football season being over, entertainments and instruction which literary societies afford, are next in order. Both of our societies have there­ fore recently been reorganized—new officers having been elected and new members accepted. The meetings are usually held in the Chapel Room of the old Dormitory, bi-weekly and on alternate Saturdays. Both societies are anxious to increase their membership and otherwise to encourage the love and appreciation of this line of work, and an agreement is already being made for a joint program to be given publicly on Washington’s birthday.

The officers of the Lyceum arc: M. Wagner, 08, president; A. Sitz. ’09, vice-president, and H. Schneider, ’08. secretary and treasurer. Those of the Philomathian are: W. Hass, ’09, president; R. Ziesemcr, To. vicepresident, and E. Berg, To, secretary and treasurer.

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Lecture.

On Saturday evening, the 9th of November, we were entertained with an illustrated lecture given by Dr. J. Id. Ott, with the assistance of Prof.

A. Frank, entitled “Around Historic Boston.’1 Pictures of places and edi­ fices of Revolutionary fame in and about Boston were exhibited and their bearing to history elucidated, such an Fanueil Hall. Old South Meeting­ house, Boston Harbor, Lexington Common, the battlefield of Bunker Hill, and many others. The slides used are the famous Peabody slides furnished

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THIS BLACK AND RED

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tree of charge, on condition that with the proceeds of the lecture reproduc­ tions of the famous Turner paintings be purchased.

The student body was well represented, and thus Dr. Ott has been en­ abled to procure a large and handsome picture of our federal capitol, which will prove an excellent ornament to our recitation hall.

ATHLETICS. Oshkosh Normals, 0; Northwestern, 48.

At last, on Nov. 2, Northwestern hacl a chance to show its true quality and to prove conclusively that it is the equal of any team of its weight in Wisconsin. A glance at the score will tell you how they succeeded, by making eight touchdowns in forty-two minuts of play. Knowing that they were no longer handicapped by weight, Northwestern played with vim and vigor, which was not to be resisted. The visitors insisted upon playing thirty-five minute halves, and undoubtedly expected to outwind Northwest­ ern’s hardy powers of endurance.

The first half was practically Northwestern's own. Line smashes and forward passes worked equally well, and the defense approached perfection.

At one time only Oshkosh made things lively by continually working their forward passes, but after Behn got the ball on a fumble Northwestern sailed down the field as before. The score at the end of the first half was •18 to o. The second half was barely long enough for either side to get warm. Upon request of the Normal manager, time was called after seven minutes, in order to allow the visitors to catch the train, neither team hav­ ing scored.

The game itself was clean throughout, neither side having been penal­ ized nocc throughout the game.

NORTHWESTERN. Probst..............................

Malinkc..........................

Bchn...............................

A. Berg..........................

Pctermann......................

Reincmann.....................

Hoffmann......................

I.. Zeisler........................

Pallmann........................

Kowalke..........................

E. Berg............................

LINE-UP. r. c. r. t. r- g. c.

1- g 1. t

1. e. <1r. li

f. b I. h

OSHKOSH. ........Ruchweed ............Birdsall ...................Pitz .......... Trojahn ...............Hayes .............Billings ............C. Wolf . .Nimtz, Nolan .............Meyer ............G. Wolf ........Worachek

Summary: Referee, Etherton ; umpire, Wendland. Touchdowns, Dallmann 3, Kowalke 3, E. Berg, Behn; goals, Kowalke 8. Head linesman, Schroeder.' Time of halves, 35 and 7 minutes.

4 41 4 + 4

Carroll 6, Northwestern 22.

Northwestern gathered in another victory Nov. 16 by defeating the

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165

free of charge, on condition that the proceeds of the lecture reproducwill prove an excellent ornament to our recitation hall.

The student body was well represented, and thus Dr. Ott has been enled to procure a large and handsome picture of our federal capitol, which jns of the famous Turner paintings be purchased.

ATHLETICS. Oshkosh Normals, 0; Northwestern, 48.

At last, on Nov. 2, Northwestern had a chance to show its true quality and to prove conclusively that it is the equal of any team of its weight in Wisconsin. A glance at the score will tell you how they succeeded, by making eight touchdowns in forty-two minuts of play. Knowing that they were no longer handicapped by weight, Northwestern played with vim and vigor, which was not to be resisted. The visitors insisted upon playing thirty-five minute halves, and undoubtedly expected to outwind Northwest­ ern’s hardy powers of endurance.

The first half was practically Northwestern’s own. Line smashes and forward passes worked equally well, and the defense approached perfection.

At one time only Oshkosh made things lively by continually working their forward passes, but after Bchn got the ball on a fumble Northwestern sailed down the field as before. The score at the end of the first half was •18 to o. The second halt was barely long enough for either side to get warm. Upon request of the Normal manager, time was called after seven minutes, in order to allow the visitors to catch the train, neither team hav­ ing scored.

The game itself was clean throughout, neither side having been penal­ ized nocc throughout the game.

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OSHKOSH. ........Ruchweed ............ Birdsall ...................Pitz ..........Trojahn .............. Hayes ............ Billings ........... C. Wolf . .Nimtz, Nolan ...............Meyer ..........G. Wolf ........Worachck

*.

Summary: Referee, Etherton; umpire, Wendland. Touchdowns, Dallmann 3, Kowalke 3, E. Berg, Behn; goals, Kowalke 8. Head linesman, Schroedcr.’ Time of halves, 35 and 7 minutes!

\\

NORTHWESTERN. Probst..............................

Malinke..........................

Bchn................................

A. Berg............................

Petcrmann......................

Rcincmanu......................

Hoffmann........................

I.. Zcisler........................

Hallxnann........................

Kowalke..........................

E. Berg...........................

LINE-UP. r. c. r. t. r- gc.

1. g

1. t

1. e.

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Carroll 6, Northwestern 22.

Northwestern gathered in another victor)- Nov. 16 by defeating the ; I

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THE BLACK AND RED

Carroll eleven at Waukesha. Carroll at first put up a stubborn fight, holding Northwestern to a 6 to 6 tie during the first half. In the second half, how­ ever, Northwestern plunged itno the game with the spirit they had shown in the contest with the Oshkosh Normals, and from then on Carroll had not even the ghost of a show. They were almost constantly on the defense, and the ball was mostly in their territory.

For Northwestern Berg and Dallmann played a phenomenal game, and Reinemann was a sure gainer. Hoffmann, Probst and Zeisler also deserve mention. Last, but not least, there was Captain Kowalke, determined to win the final game of the season and the last in his football career at North­ western. It will suffice to say lie played as always. Two more touchdowns and a drop-kick over goal from the thirty-yard line by the mighty toe of our fullback were made in the second half. Ttotal, 22 to 6.

As to the game itself, it was clean from start to finish, and no penaliz­ ing for roughness of any kind was necessary.

NORTHWESTERN. Kowalke....

E. Berg....

Dallman...

L. Zcislcr.

A. Berg....

Bclin..........

Pctcrmann.

Probst.......

Hoffmann., Reinemann.

Malinke...

:

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LINE-UP. f. b. r, h.

1. h. q. c.

r. g 1. g r. e.

1. e.

r. t.

1.1.

CARROLL. .......... Candors ..........J. 1'ricsc .......... Farlanc ............... Copps .... .Merriam ............. I’ortcr ........ Douglass ............. Sorley ............. Kiefer ...............Lixtcr ........ R. 1'ricse

Summary: Referee, Wendland; umpire, Farland. Touchdowns, Ko­ walke 2, Hoffman, (Carroll (touchdown and goal). Head linesman, Schra­ der. Time of halves, 25 minutes.

With this game ends our football season. A resume of it will be found elsewhere in this number. We wish to thank all students and friends of the athletic association for their loyal support during the past season. The students are much indebted to the captain and the manager for their faith­ ful services, also to each individual player for his labor and exertions, and finally to the second team, which has endured hard knocks and buffets with­ out complaint, in order to give the first team the necessary training. In fact. Captain Koch and his doughty band deserve more than ordinary credit if we consider that loyalty alone would have induced them to train all sea­ son and to hurl themselves against overwhelming odds every Wednesday and Saturday without ever having a show of crossing the goal line.

“Scrubs” the second team members are popularly called, but we prefer to call them heroes without whose sacrifice a winning ’varsity team is im­ possible.

It being customary to end up with some remarks on the individual play­ ers, we take the liberty to add as much of their football biography as their

THE BLACK AXL) RLD

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modesty would permit them to divulge, together with a short account of their work on the gridiron of Northwestern.

Erwin Kowalke, ’08 (age 20, weight 180), the captain and keystone of our team, mastered the rudiments of the game on the corner lots of Kaukauna, Wis. During the four years that lie played at Northwestern, first at end and later at full, his playing has been phenomenal; in fact, he is today the greatest fullback in the state, whose place on the All-Star eleven has been secured by another for the simple reason that fortune placed this individual on the championship team. (Yes, indeed, “Circumstances alter cases/’) Kowalke is a player of remarkable speed and endurance, and has the distinction of not having taken out one minute of time during the four years that he has participated in intercollegiate football. In addition to this, he has proven himself a born leader. Beginning the season with a bunch of raw recruits, he succeeded in developing a veritable human machine, working with a precision that would have done credit to any coach in the state.

E. Berg. *10 (age 22, weight 165). as his name implies, is a mountain of strength, having laid the foundation for his rugged constitution on a farm near Caledonia, Wis. While Berg has always shown his strength to the best advantage in the line, his work at right half has been good, to say the least.

Rerg is the terror of opposing interferences. Besides being an adept at delivering the forward pass, he can always be relied upon to gain the pro­ verbial “yard or ten” when carrying the ball, being unusually fast, sure foot­ ed and hard to down. He, together with Kowalke and Hass, were the only old members on the team.

E. Dallmann (age 10, weight 165), left half, entered Northwestern this fall with two years of experience gained on the high school team of Water­ loo, Wis. Dallmann worked diligently and probably made more visible progress from game to game than any other man on the team. On the offense he was hard to down when once started and formed a veritable stone wall while playing center on the defense. Watch him next year!

L. Zeisler, 10 (age 18, weight 136), who hails from La Crosse, confirms our conviction that “good things come in small quantities.” Lang replaced his well known brother at quarter during the Ripon game and was found to possess so many of the Zeisler traits that he retained his position even after the latter’s speedy recovery. With a little practice he proved himself well able to assume the responsibility of running the team, a duty for which his linguistic accomplishmnts well fitted him—and then did you see those quarter back runs? If not, you missed it.

At right end S. Probst, ’00 (age iq), another feather-weight of 145 pounds, who in his knee trouser days held down a position on the first high school team of Hartford, Wis., essayed to do the stunts, and with good success indeed. He was strongest carrying the ball, as well as at receiving and advancing the forward pass.

As usual, the positions at tackle were well filled. W. Hass, ’09 (age 20, weight 150), of Merrill, Wis., who for the last two years proved a stumbling block for opponents at left tackle, sustained an injury at Marquette and was

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THE BLACK AND RI:D

replaced by Reinemann, a beardless youth of 19, barely tipping the scales at 142. He is also a Wisconsin man. Quickness in starting, together with an instinct for finding openings in the opposing line, make him a strong player on the offensive, and whenever Reinemann takes the ball a gain of 5, 10 or 20 yards can usually be expected. L. Mahnkc, ’u (age 19, weight 154)* Reedsville, Wis., entered the ranks of the regulars at the Lawrence game at right tackle, where he showed up so well as to be retained during the rest of the season. He possesses the characteristics of a good player and should prove a valuable man next year.

The two guards proved to be virtually what the name of their position implies. In A. Petermann, 09 (age 20, weight 155), at left we had a willing, consistent man, always playing with all the vim he possesses. He is a western man from Sleepy Eye, Minn. L. Behn, Ti (age 18, weight 180), also a Badger, at right guard proved one of the finds of the season, and improved with every game he played. Tackling the man with the ball behind the line and blocking an occasional punt were his hobbies.

A. Berg, *ii, the counterpart of his brother, but four years younger and twenty pounds lighter, was too meddlesome to gain the good will of oppos­ ing centers. “Keep out that little center,” they were wont to hear their cap­ tains yell when he persisted in breaking through the line, even at Marquette.

Berg is an unusually spirited and energetic player, always cheerful, always on deck for practice, and, next to Kowalke. the best tackier on the team. In passing the ball straight into the hands of quarter or full he seldom erred, and at half on the offense played like a veteran. Berg has but begun to show his mettle. Mark him!

Last, but not least, comes E. Hoffmann, a slender youth of 145 pounds, lithe as an Indian, who made his appearance on this planet some eighteen years ago; by birth a Cornhusker, but not by profession. Hoffmann saw his first football when he entered Northwestern last year and made his debut on the third team. So good was his work on this team that he was placed on left end of the 'varsity eleven this season, a position which he filled to the satisfaction of the most skeptical, making up for lack of weight with speed and cunning. He was E. Berg's co-operator in executing the forward pass and gained many a yard with this delicate style of play.

“And so they played their parts.”

0000

Q\ir Contemporaries One of the best exchanges to reach us this month was The Quarterly Tattler, New York. All departments are well balanced, the literary depart­ ment deserving special comment. The English translation of “The Singer’s Curse” is excellent and displays a thorough knowledge of German idioms on the part of the author.

The Latvrcnlian contains some very appropriate editorials. We were, however, surprised at finding only two lone pages of literary matter, white

Till; IILACk AXi Klvl)

109

live pages were devoted to athletics. Surely the advertisements intermixed with this matter were placed there by mistake.

Though both the Heraldo and the Lesbian Herald have exchange edit­ ors. our search for the exchange column proved to be a fruitless one. We were rather astonished at finding two of our most reliable papers guilty of such an omission. The article, however, on “Child Labor” in the Lesbian Herald is ably written. In a very interesting manner the author describes the deplorable condition of a working child that is deprived of all opportu­ nities of education and physical development for the sole purpose of earn­ ing a few cents a day. The fact "that child labor, which saps physical vigor and dwarfs mental growth, must be regarded as a criminal waste of the nation’s best resources has at last been the incentive for steps taken to­ wards its abolishment.

The poem, “Sister’s Football Feller,” of a thoroughly comic nature, is well worth reading. A certain originality is shown which makes it, as a comical poem, both typical and interesting. But we regret to say your “Personnel of the Team” lowers the standard of vour paper not a little.

Adorned with grammatical mistakes, that article reads more like an extract from the Police Gazette than like a paragraph of a modern college paper.

For a good football story read “The Real Struggle” in the Marquette University Journal. Though very simply written, the author succeeds to a remarkable degree in holding the interest of the readers throughout the story.

A perusal of the article entitled “Japan as a World Power,” in the Susquehanna, failed to convince us of the appropriateness of its heading.

Though some of the manners and customs of the Japanese in their own country arc well described, on the most charitable supposition probably only the last part of the article could strictly be included under the present heading. v* v»

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LOCALS

a

—Rev. C. Sieglcr, formerly minister at Stanton, Neb., called on the Ne­ braska boys Nov. 7.

—Rev. G. Bergemann of Fond du Lac visited his son Hans, Prep., Nov. 14.

—J. W. F.ldreadge of Chicago called on Charles Baerwald, Ti, on Nov. 14.

—A number of friends were pleasantly entertained by Miss Lena Koeninger on Nov. 24. it being the anniversary of her birth.

—John Schaefer, ’08, made a trip to Milwaukee on Nov. 29.

—N. Wenzel, who was graduated from the business department last year, paid his alma mater a visit on Thanksgiving day.

—Fred Dittman of Madison paid his brother, Adolph, Prep., a visit on the 28th.

—Andrew Braemer, ’07, principal at a school in Jackson, visited North­ western Nov. 29.

—Henry Diehl, ’07. called on friends at the college Nov. 30.

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DR. B. J. HOERMANN DEJNTIST Crown, Bridge and Porcelain Work a Specialty

v

106 First Street

Phone No. 258-

* !

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and

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Linings molded to lasts — cannot wrinkle—no corns, no aching soles. Retain original shape until worn out.

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WM* GORDER CO* 606-608 Main st.

DR. A. J. SCHLUETER DENTIST 313 Main Street

(0,BG”srcW1

Watertown, Wis.

■

MUELLER

For the Personal Consideration of the Lovers of

GOOD

&

CANDIES

The Best That’s Been at

L3EDTKE

FANCY AND STAPLE GROCERIES Fruits, Cigars and Tobacco

BAUMANN'S 0---------

!

The Most Complete Line of

PIES, CAKES, Etc ;!•

in the city at Ice Cream Parlor in Connection.

The Best of Everything in Frozen Dainties. Let Us Serve You. —0—

fi. KRAMER

114 W. Main and 210 North Second Tel. 155-x snd 641

212 West Main Opposite Public Library

ROUNDTAB three

GAME’S CORNER DRUG STORE Main and First Streots Headquarters for Souvenir Posta.1 Cards

s CLUPECO SHRUNK

Drugs, Medicines, Toilet Soaps, Cigars and Tobacco Prescriptions a Specialty

Collar Quarter Sizes, 15c each, 2 for 25c.

A Prosperous Business since adver­

We all Know When You Want a Good Dish of

tising in the Black and Red

ICE CREAM, HIGH GRADE CHOCOLATES AND PAN CANDIES

Stube’s Shoe Store 309 Main. St.,

Fine Repairing

Watertown, Wis.

CLUETT, PEABODY A CO., Makers o rci uett anil Monarch Shirts.

jv

K “

You will be served promptly at

ffs

RADTKE & SON,

-

107 WEST MAIN STREET.

1: ■

m

J

IF YOU WANT FIRST-CLASS AND SATISFACTORY

Photos

...GO TO...

matertown Photo Co., DONNER GALLERY Special Rates made to Students.

The Largest Assortments of

Pocket Knives, Razors, Razor Straps, Shaving Brushes, Sporting Goods

For Christmas Gifts FOR.

Men dfc Boys COME HERE Neckwear, Hosiery, Sus­ penders, Mufflers, in fancy Holiday boxes, a beautiful Also fancy assortment.

Vests, Smoking Jackets.

Bath Robes, Fine Umbrel­ las—bought especially for Holiday trade. Prices, as usual, reasonable.

To Be Had in the City.

Call and See Us.

D. & F. KUSEL CO. ] — DR. T. F. SHINNICK Offco Hours, 9 to 11 a. m. 2 to 4 and 7 to 8 p. m.

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Office 115 MAIN Phone 89-x Residence, 208 N. 5th St. Phone 273-x.

SHABBY CLOTHES

Cfte Big gasft Store

Base Ball Supplies Foot Ball Supplies Tennis Goods Croquet Sets Boxing Gloves Punching Bags

SPORTING GOODS| HEADQUARTERS |

M. G. PRiTZLAFF 8 CO. I 307 Main St.,

Dyed at the Milwaukee Nov­ elty Dye works look like new

Hew Method Laundry !

i

HAS THE AGENCY 218 First Street

Watertown, Wis.

Watertown

Indian Clubs Dumb Bells Lawn Swings Hammocks Fishing Tackle Guns and Ammunition

>1

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Phone your Drag "USauts” to no. 106 « « «

OIL fi. meysie mm Go. On JexaJZl Store

Crockery and Glassware Go. Cor. Main and N. Fourth Sts.

YOU ALL KNOW THE PLACE

HERRO’S

WE KEEP THE BEST FRUIT IN TOWN. Tho Largest Assortment of

HodacRs ansi Photographic Sapplies at

KNSCK BROS. Watertown, His.

----- TRY-------

Wiggenhorn Bros.

BADGER STATE or LATEST OUT CIGAR.

OTTO HEVN BIBLES, SONG BOOKS, CHURCH GOODS IN GENERAL. School Supplies a Specialty.

409 Main Street.

A. Wiggenhorn & Son JEWELERS Official Watch Inspector for the C.,M. & St. P. Ry. Co. Watertown, Wisconsin

i

T.1

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Main Street

Cole Block

ii5 Third St.

The August Gamm

Jos. Salick & Son

: ■

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jewelers and Opticians Special Attention is given to testing Eyes and Fitting of Glasses.

Holiday Goods and Birthdays Nov­ elties, Stationery, Etc. Watertown. Wis. l and 3 Main Street.

ITO

F. W. KURZWEG DEALER IN

Fine Boots, Shoes and Rubbers Please Give Us a Trial.

We Try to Give Satisfaction.

402 Main Street.

JPECKE \ GW DEALERS IN

Fruits, Staple and Fancy Groceries.

All goods delivered promptly to all parts of the city free of charge.

17

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For Style,, Fit and Economy Wear

Master Clothes Braiders

Leo Ruescii’s Shoos 210 MAIN STREET.

H. C. REICHERT TEACHER. OF

Violin, Piano and Harmony Studio 109 Main St. Third Floor.

Above Hertel & Hoffmanns Clothing Store F. G. KECK & CO,

rag ms

n w.

«

i. : 1

Holiday Furniture 110-112 Main Street Wisconsin Watertown,

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For the best. Photos GO TO

Jit lUrigbt’s Ground floor Gallery.

REMEMBER quality remains after price is forgotten.

The Clothes that Abt Builds justify not only the process that evolves them but warrant their ma­ kers’ claim to the title of Master Clothes Builders as well.

They take their durability from the newest machines that Science provides; they gain their smart­ ness from the most skillful hands that Art can guide and they look like clothes meant to conform with the physique with which Nature endowed man. They are Master Clothes.

Every first-clas store carries them.

See if your dealer has them.

Mil, FABER-KAERGHER CO. Watertown,

Wise:»ns n

Qroel’s Bowlins Alleys Fool and Billiard Bali

I : i

202 = 204 Madison Street GS«8B»BS5SMa8*H*!K^

Telephone 2l!-y

A Choice Line of Cigars Watertown, Wisconsin

WILLIAM HARTIG BOTTLER

MALSTEk

Established i$$4

Insure jour buildings and contents in good strong companies, repre­ sented by

Bank of Watertown

FRED W. GAMMr

Capital, $100,000

WATERTOWN, WIS.

Schlueter Bros'.

GO TO BANDALIN’S GASH SHOE STORE When in need of reliable

MERCHANT

FOOTWEAR

to CENT CIGAR AND

ARC

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We try to give satisfaction. Repairing neatly and promptly done, Watertown. Wis. 010 Main Street.

ALL.

105 Main St. Watertown, Wis.

wmfMfwii mm•—nwwawwu « unoKuuvnuKi LwuiiiBMmmuukir»ia^K>*auiw:'

YOU WILL FIND

Eberle’s Drug Store 2<>4 Main Street Headquarters for Christmas and New Years Post Cards

SEAGER’S narber Shop and IJatb Booms f:!!

108 MAIN STREET

J. C. SEAGER, Prop.

of all kinds in Season. Good things to eat.

JOHN E. HEISMANN

FRUITS

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116 Main Street. ’Phone62.

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Ben H.Rieck new east end Barbershop PROPRIETOR OF THE

i;

1

:s

Gorder Block.

Students! 5 Haircuts for §1.00 604 Main Street

WATERTOWN,

WISCONSIN.

).<•**

it

5

2

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1

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u

JOS DEPARTMENT Can give you such. We are prepared at all times to fur­ nish estimates on Letter Heads Envelopes Statements Bill Heads Folders Hangers Announcements, Etc,

’Phone No. 310-x

Che Daily Header 108 flain Street

Handkerchiefs, Gloves, Mufflers, Shirts, NecKwear, Umbrellas, Underwear, Smoking Jackets, Hats, Caps, Holiday Vests, Hosiery, Bath Robes, and Suit Cases; One of our H., S. & M. Suits or Overcoats would be a grand Christmas present. One visit will demonstrate variety.

New Daylight Clothing Store 107-109 Main Street

Hertel & Hoffmann

W. D. SPROESSER & CO. JEWELERS

PIANOS AND ORGANS Telephone No. 259-y

213 Main Street WATERTOWN, WISCONSIN

Everything in Paints and Wall Paper

PAINTERS DECORATORS

Artistic Picture Framing: i ; :

And Pictures of all descriptions suitable for Holiday Presents.

202 Main Street:

Telephone 34-x

\

WILSON BROTHERS NEW SPRING SHIRTS The standard of quality, Workmanship, Style and fit of these shirts is known to every wearer of good shirts. We are showing our entire new line of Wilson Bros. Spring Style of shirts and would be pleased to have you call and see the new things. From $1.00 to $2.50.

^7-109yMails11°rlheirgS,or- Hertel & Hoffmann

DR. A.J.SCHLUETER DENTIST 313 Main Street

/Over (iruptz'»iacliGr’s\ V Store )

Watertown, Wis.

Everything in Paints and Wall Paper

PAINTERS DECORATORS *

Artistic Picture Framing

■

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If ii

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And Pictures of all descriptions 202 Main Street

Telephone 3-4-x

Che Black and Red. Volume XI.

Watertown, Wisconsin, January, 1908.

0

LITERARY

Number 8

0

The Passion Pla.y of Ober&mmergau.

E. E. KOWALKE, ’o8.

The Passion Play as now played at Oberammergau is the last surviving relic of the mediaeval religious dramas which were so popular from the twelfth to the sixteenth century. These dramas, especially the Passion Play, developed in Germanic and Romance countries from the dramatiza­ tion of the biblical text in the Catholic church by portraying the angel at the brink of the grave as he brought the Easter message. Later, as other scenes were introduced, songs were intermingled and this laid the founda­ tion of the music-dramas, which the Minnesingers helped greatly to de­ velop.

Of all the religious dramas the Passion Play has always elicited greater interest than any other, greater even than the Christmas Play. That is one reason why the Passion Play at Oberammergau has survived to the present day. The Passion Play of to-day is the result of much labor and of many changes by mastersingers and monks. A great part was originally in Latin, but now everything is spoken in the German language. The modern words are bv a monk, the head of a monastery near Oberammergau, and the music and songs are the result of the genius of a native of the little Ba­ varian village.

These changes in form and contents, these six hundred years of use, are not all that the great play has withstood. Repeated interdicts were issued against it by the pope, and only by the good will of King Ludwig and by the approval of Goethe was the play preserved to modern times. King Ludwig held such admiration for the play and such respect for the actors that in 1870, when an order was issued for all able-bodied men to appear in the field, he allowed Josef Maier, the impersonator of Christ, to remain in the garrison of Munich instead of serving in the field, in order to avoid any possibility of personal injury to the great actor.

One may ask why this last relic of the religious dramas has survived, and that in such a secluded place as the little village in the hills of Bavaria, As the story goes, the village of Oberammergau was visited by a great plague in 1633. In this place alone over one-tenth of the entire population was swept away by the disease. The people then made a vow to portray

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THE BLACK AND RED

every ten years in dramatic form the life of Christ for the instruction of mankind. Apparently the vow was heard, for the plague is said instantly to have abated, and since that day the villagers hold it a duty and a privi­ lege to carry out the promise of their ancestors.

The actors in this drama are all inhabitants of the village, which has a population of only 1,500. Of these 1,500 men, women and children over 500 take part in the actual play and actually rehearse their parts. It is surprising that in such a small place as Oberammergau there should always be found men and women sufficiently talented to play the very difficult roles of the drama. But never yet has there failed to appear a man who could satisfactorily play the part of Judas, Peter, or even Christ, in the place of some man who had grown too old and feeble for the strenuous work con­ nected with the preparation and rehearsals. This was especially the case with Josef Maier, who up to 1890 played the part of Christ. Great doubts were expressed by all visitors as to the possibility of finding a man to suc­ ceed Maier, who could in any way equal this grand old man, but in 1900 the role was taken by a young man named Anton Lang, and he produced, if possible, an even greater effect than Maier. To show what effect Maier produced one may mention a number of facts. For example, after the per­ formance he was often forced to lock himself in his room to keep out the people who wished to kiss his garments and actually to worship him. His own wife could never bear to witness the crucifixion, but left the theatre before that act. Many handsome offers have been made to him to play in Berlin or London, but he refused each time. In fact, all the actors have remained unspoiled and have not become conceited and extortionate, in spite of the flattery and adulation of rich tourists. Possibly the nine years of seclusion act as an antidote to the three months of almost unexampled fame, during which the drama is played. The people are simple, dignified and very pleasant and obliging.

As to the play itself, it is the one great occasion in the lives of the vil­ lagers. A committee of forty-five elect the men who are to take part, and in the October preceding the summer of the play the rehearsals begin. From now on the people devote their time to the play alone. They have so be­ come a part of the play that they lose their surnames and the tourist is told: This is the house of Christus, this of Judas. If you wish to get a certain piece of pottery you must go to St. John. Even those who do not utter a word during the entire performance are nevertheless thoroughly drilled to have exactly the correct position and the correct expression. But not only is diligent work required of the actor, he must also lead a blame­ less life in the eyes of the villagers, and since to have an important part in the Passion Play is the greatest honor of which they can conceive, every man, woman and child seeks to live a clean life from one performance of the drama to the next.

When the morning of the first performance arrives after an interval of ten years all is excitement. At three o’clock in the morning the festival opens with the rattle of drums, at six o’clock the village bells peal out and

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the people attend mass. After this the actors in their costumes hurry to the theatre, where from four to five thousand people assemble . at each performance. At eight o’clock sharp the curtain rises, and the play begins.

Josef Maier, the former Christus, an aged man with a splendid voice, opens the play with a magnificent song, accompanied by the chorus, which stands on either side of him. After the chorus has sung, the curtain rises on another part of the stage and discovers the scene of Christ’s entry into Jerusalem. One gazes far into the distance over the sunlit hills of Oberammcrgau, for the stage is in the open air. Children bearing palm branches throng to the scene, followed by men and women, young and old, in end­ less procession and ever-swelling numbers, gazing backwards and waving palms in greeting to Christ, who now appears with his apostles. This scene is one of the most impressive of the whole drama. Others equally striking are the scenes of the money lenders in the temple, the Last Sup­ per, the agony in the garden, the despair of Judas, Jesus condemned to death, and the way to the cross and the crucifixion. But one wishes that the play had ended after the descent from the cross, for the resurrection and ascension are less satisfactory and do not make a very impressive ending.

Very noticeable all through the play (which lasts nine hours) are the perfect acting and the dignified simplicity of the actors. The impersonator of Christus does not make a violent gesture or mar his expression of majesty, or dignified indignation, or love by one inappropriate word or move. Even the mobs of four or five hundred people which appear on the stage are kept in perfect order, no inarticulate sounds or signs of con­ fusion of the actors are to be found by even the most critical. Each actor seems to have lived into his part.

Whether it is right or wrong to portray the life of our Saviour on the sfage. each, one who sees the play must decide for himself, but it is certain that it has a wonderful effect on even the most thoughtless in the audi­ ence, for often there is not a tearless eye in the multitude of spectators, and many leave the simple little village of Oberammergau with better and more serious thoughts than they ever had before. * * * * Die WichtigKeit des ersten amerlka.nischen Kolonial-Kongressos.

V. SCHROEDER, *10.

An demselben Tage, an dem dei Schlag gegen Ticonderoga gefuhrt war, sammelte sich der erste allgemeine Kolonial-Kongress, der sich im Herbste vorher vertagt hatte, wieder in, Philadelphia. Die Manner, die hier zusammen kamen, waren zwar Vertreter ganz verschiedener Kolonien, verschier den nach ihrer Abstammung und Herkunft, und verschieden nach ihren eigenen Interessen und Bediirfnissen. Trotzdem waren sie die Vertreter einer grossen machtigen Konfoderation; trotzdem hatten sie all dasselbe Ziel vor Augen und bildeten eine Korperschaft, deren Verhandlungen und

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Beschlusse fur das kiinftige Schicksal der in Amerika unter britischer Botmassigkeit stehenden Kolonien von der hochsten Bedeutung waren.

Endlich war der sieben Jahre lange Krieg zwischen England und Frankreicli zu gunsten Englands beendigt. Viele Opfer hatte er den Kolonien gekostet. Aber ihre Anhanglichkeit an das Mutterland war so gross, das sie w'illig mehr Soldaten stellten und in jeder Hinsicht den Krieg kraftiger unterstiitzten als es von ihnen verlangt war. Auf’s tapferste batten sie in diesem Kriege fur England gefochten und zu dessen Gunsten ihn endlich siegreich beendigt. Trotz der treuen Hilfe der Kolonien in dem Kriege gegen Frankreich, legte England, dessen Schulden in Folge dieses Krieges um eine Million Dollars gestiegen waren, den Kolonien, die so lange alle Regierungskosten allein getragen hatten, die ganze Last auf. Sie sollten nebst ihren eigenen Regierungskosten nun auch nocli besonderc Steuern fiir die Staatskasse Englands aufbringen. Dies machte naturlich den Eindruck, als ob die englische Regierung sie als eroberte Provinzen betracbte und beliandele; denn obgleich die Amerikaner Steuern zablen sollten, so1 wurde ihnen dennocb die Vertretung in dem Unterhause nicht gewahrt.

Die Stampelakte, die in den Kolonien grosse Aufrcgung hervorgerufen hatte, wurden zwar schon nach einem Jahre wieder aufgehoben, und die alle Anhanglichkeit an das Mutterland wurde so wieder hergestellt. Doch es war eine sehr aufregende Klausel angehangt, nach der dem Konige mit der Zustimmung des Parliaments voile Gewalt verliehen wurde, notigen falls die Kolonien zum Gehorsam zu zwingen. Zu gleicher Zeit wurde der Han­ del der Kolonien bedeutend beschrankt und gehemmt, indem ihnen der ungebundene Verkehr mit der Aussenwelt ganzlich abgeschnitten wurde.

Hinfort durften sie sich nur englischer Schiffe bedienen, um ihren Handel mit dem Auslande zu betreiben; ihre Produkte durften sie nur in englischen Hafen landen und auch nur von England ihren Bedarf beziehen; ausserdcm sollten sie von alien Einfuhrartikeln ausser denen aus England einen iibertriebenen Zoll fordern. Infolge dieser Beschrankungcn und Bedruckungen hatte das gute Einvernehmen zwischen den Kolonien und dem Mutterlande, wie es ja auch nicht anders zu erwarten war, wieder einen bedenklichen Stoss erhalten.

Obwohl die Kolonien so lange misshandelt und unterdriickt waren, so konnten sie doch nicht das Herz fassen, gegen England einen Krieg zu eroffnen. Zu sehr fiihllen sie sich an dasselbe, wo sie ehre Heimath und vi*‘le ihrer Verwandten hinterlassen hatten, gebunden. Gerne hatten sie sich ihre Anhanglichkeit an dasselbe erhalten. Deswegen Hessen sie lange solche Bedruckungen fiber sich ergehen und hofften, das ihre Bittschriften die sie wiederholt an die englische Regierung und an das englische Parliament schickten, sie endlich von alien Drangsalen befreien wurden. Unter anderen wurde dies gerechte Begehren im Parliament auch von dem beruhmten Staatsman und Redner William Pitt befiirwortet. Er hatte wohl eingesehen, dass eine Trennung der Kolonien vom Mutterlande folge niusse, wenn nicht moglichst bald anders gegen die Kolonien verfahren wurde.

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Obgleich er diese drohende Gefahr in der Versammlung nicht verschwieg, so musste er doch, ohne irgend welche Abstellungen der Beschwerden erzielt zu haben, die Kolonien ihrem Schicksale iiberlassen. Durch die erfolgreichen Kriege Englands geblendet, glaubte der Konig in kurzer Zeit die Kolonien zum Gehorsam zwingen zu konnen. Wie von Gott im Hochmut mit Blindheit geschlagen, beschloss daher auf Rat seines vornehmsten Min­ isters, Lords North, und unter Einstimmung der Mehrzahl des Parlaments, ohne weiteres Bedenken gegen die Kolonien mit Waffengewalt vorzugehen.

So lange war es bei den Beschlussen der ersten Kongress-Versammlung gebliebcn. Aber nun schon war Blut fur die Freiheit geflossen und der Freiheitskricg tatsachlich begonnen. Da musste der Kongress handeln.

Was wiirde jetzt geschehen in einer Versammlung von patriotisch gesinnten Leuten wie John Adams, Patrick Henry, Samuel Adams, B. Franklin, T. Jefferson und anderen? Dariiber sollte dieses Land nicht lange im Dunkeln bleiben. Sofort wurde die letzte Apellation an den Konig entworfen, darin dem Monarchen ganz frei und offen gesagt wurde, die Kolonien wollten ihrc Reclitc und Freiheit erhalten. Wolle man ihnen diese nehmen, so wurden sie sich mit den Waffen verteidigen. Lieber ware ihnen der Krieg als Bedriickung und Knechtschaft. So lautete in kurzen Worten die sehr bedeutungsvolle Apellation, welche auf mehreren Schiffen an den Konig und an das Parlament abgeschickt wurde.

Gleich zu An fang der Sitzung hielt John Adams eine durchschlagende Rede, in der er ausfuhrlich in hinreissender Weise die Verhaltnisse und Bediirfniss des Landes und des Heeres schilderte. Aber ganz besonders betonte er, wie wichtig ein fahiger Mann sei, gerade bei solchen Verhaltnissen, ein Heer sicgreich gegen eine Macht wit die Englands zu fiihren.

Wem sollte dieser schwere und gefahrvolle Posten anvertraut werden? Der kommandierende Feldherr der zu Cambridge stehenden Truppen war Gen­ eral Ward, ein sclnvacher, zaudernder, energieloser Mann. Einen solchen konnte selbstverstandlich ein allgemeines Heer samtlicher Kolonien nicht iiberlassen werden. Man stand vor einer sehr wichtigen Frage, und John Adams haben wir es zu verdanken, dass er gerade jetzt den trefflichsten Mann vorschlug. Es war ein Mann fur die Bediirfnisse, ein Mann fiir den aucli wir in dieser Lage willig und mit Freuden gestimmt haben wurden.

Sein Feldherrntalent, sein ausgezeichneter Charakter, seine reiche Erfahrung als Olhzier und dazu seine grosse Liebe zum Vaterlande machten ihn besonders fahig diesen Posten zu bekleiden.

Obgleich Samuel Adams dieselbe Meinung aussprach so schien John Adams' Antrag doch fehl zu schlagen. Nicht auf persohnliche Abneigung gegen Washington darf man wegen der anfanglichen Uneinigkeit, die bei der Erwahnung Washingtons sich zeigte, schliessen, sondern ganz andere Griinde traten an den Tag, infolge deren die sofortige Annahme des Antrages sclieiterte. Vor alien erschien die Erwahnung Washingtons, dem damaligen Vorsitzenden, John Hancock, nicht genehm zu sein. John Han­ cock gab, wahrend Adams in seiner Rede die Verhaltnisse und Bediirfnisse des Landes und des Heeres schilderte, sein Wohlgefalien an Adams Worten

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durch seine Gesiclitsziige deutlich zu erkennen, konnte aber in bitterem Grolle seinem Zorne kaum die Ziigel anlegen, als Adams auf den Feldherrn, den er im Auge hatte, hinwies. Gar zu gerne hatte er diesen. Posten selber bekleidet. Auch einigen Neuenglandern war Adams’ Vorschlag nicht genehm. Weil die Truppen zu Cambridge Neuenglander waren, wollten sie durchaus, dass auch der Anfiihrer ein Neuenglander sein musse. Ebenso redeten viele nordlichen und sudlichen Delegaten. Doch zum Gliicke wurde die Debatte abgebrochen, ehe sie in Bitterkeit ausarten konnte. Ausserhalb der Sitzung wurde diese Frage nun noch vielfach unter den Reprasentanten erortert und darauf hingewirkt, eine einstimmige Wahl zu Stande zu bringen. Auch. hier gab es noch manche Schwierigkeiten und Hindernisse zu beseitigen. doch schliesslich neigte sich alles Washington zu, und in der folgenden Versammlung trug jeder Stimmzettel den Namen George Wash­ ington.

So war einstimmig und glucklich die Wahl verlaufen. Ebenso wurde nun einstimmig von den Vertretern der einzelnen Kolonien die Annee, die zu Cambridge stand, als Armee der vereinigten Kolonien anerkannt. Der Krieg, den England bereits begonnen hatte war nun von den Vertretern der Kolonien beschlossen. Sofort schickten die Kolonien die Armee gegen Eng­ land zu Felde, und Washington iibemahm, nachdem ihm noch eine Anzahl Generate unterstellt waren, den Oberbefehl iiber sammtliche Truppen der Kolonien. Auf’s eifrigste wurde der Krieg um die Freiheit fortgesetzt. Es kostete zwar auch den Kolonien manche heisse Stunde und manches teure Menschenleben, aber endlich gewann die gerechte Sache doch den glorreichen Sieg, der uns Amerikanern stets als der wichtigste unsers Landes gelten wird.

Wie wurde wohl unser Land jetzt aussehen, und wo ware die edle Frei­ heit, die wir jetzt so reichlich und ungehindert geniessen diirfen, wenn nicht gerade damals unser erster allgemeiner Kolonial-Kongress solche ausschlaggebende Beschliisse gefasst und ausgefuhrt hatte? Wie wurden wir dann wohl singen, anstatt: “My country ’tis of thee, Sweet land of liberty, Of thee I sing?” ft 0 0

There Was No Place Lihe Home.

It was a delightful evening, about the middle of August. The sun, setting in a pure sky, illuminated the tops of the western hills, and tipped the opposite trees with a gorgeous yellow lustre. A traveler with a dingy complexion and dusty feet, with a knapsack at his back, and with strength and activity expressed in every line of his face, had gained the summit of a steep ascent and stood gazing at the plain below.

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This was a wide tract of champaign country, checkered with villages, whose roofs and towers peeped above the trees in which they were em­ bosomed. The space between them was chiefly arable land, from which the farmers were carrying away the last products of the harvest.

A rivulet wound through the plain, its course marked by green willows.

On its banks were verdant meadows, covered with lowing herds, moving slowly to the milkmaids, who came tripping along with pails. A thick wood clothed the side of a gentle eminence rising from the water, and the ruins of an ancient castle crowned the summit of a lofty hill.

The traveler dropped on one knee, and, clasping his hands, exclaimed, “Welcome, my dear native land! Many a sweet spot have I seen since I left thee, but none so sweet as thou! Never has thy dear image been out of mv memory, and now with what an excessive joy do I retrace all thy charms! O, receive me again, never more to quit thee!” So saying, he threw himself on the turf, and, having kissed it, arose and proceeded on his journey.

As he descended into the plain, he overtook a little group of children merrily walking along the path and stopping now and then to gather berries from the hedge. “Where are you going, my dears?” said John, which was the traveler's name. “We are going home,” they all replied.

“And where is your home?” “At Middleton, the town yonder among the trees, just before us.” “I see it,” answered John, a tear standing in his eyes. “And what is your name—and yours—and yours?” The little innocents told their names. John’s heart leaped at the well-known sounds.

“And what is your name, my dear?” said he to a bright looking girl somewhat older than the rest, who hung back shyly and held the hand of a youth about four years of age. “It is Julia Hammerson,” she replied; “and this is my younger brother, Erwin.” “Hammerson!” exclaimed the traveler, as he lifted little Erwin in his arms and kissed him with passionate earnestness, while the little boy seemed almost frightened by the stranger’s seeming violence.

“And can you show me where you live?” said John. “Yes; it is just there, beside the pond, with the large barn near it, and the orchard a short distance beyond.” “And will you take me home with you, Julia?” “Cer­ tainly,” answered the girl.

They walked on. John said but little, for his heart was full; but he fre­ quently kissed little Erwin, whom he was carrying in his arms. Coming at length to a stile, from which a path led across a little lawn, Julia said, “This is the way to our dwelling place.” The other children parted. John

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set down Erwin' and got over the stile. He still, however, kept hold of the boy’s hand. ’ When they approached the house, an old bull-dog came running to meet the children. He looked up at John rather discontentedly and gave a loud growl when all at once his countenance changed; he leaped upon him, licked his hands, and seemed quite overcome with joy. John stooped down, patted his head, and cried, “Poor Sport! are you still alive?” Julia was surprised at the acquaintance of the stranger and the dog.

They all entered the house together. A middle-aged woman was busy preparing the evening meal, assisted by the grown-up daughter. She spoke to the children as they came in, and, casting a look of some surprise on John, asked him what he desired. John was silent for some time; at length, with a faltering voice he cried, “Have you forgotten me, mother?” “John! my son John!” exclaimed the good woman; and they were instantly locked in each other’s arms. “My brother John!” said Alice, as she took her turn for an embrace.

“Are you my brother?” said Julia. “That I am,” replied John with an affectionate kiss. Little Erwin looked hard at him, but said nothing. News of John’s arrival soon flew across the yard, and in came his father from the barn, followed by his three brothers, Will, James and George. The father fell on John’s neck and sobbed out a welcome and his blessing. John had not hands for them all to shake.

An aged, white-haired laborer came in and held out his shriveled hand.

John gave it a hearty squeeze. “God bless you!” said old Thomas; “this is the best day I have seen for many a year.” “And where have you been these ten years and more?” said John’s father. But John’s head was too full to utter a sound. Meanwhile his elder brother took off his knapsack, and Mary drew him a chair. John seated himself, and they all gathered around him. Even the old dog came within the circle and lay at John’s feet.

“O, how glad I am to see you all again!” were John’s first words. “How well you look, mother! Father has grown thinner, and his hair is gray.

As for the rest, I should not have known any of you except George and old Thomas. “What a sunburnt face you have! but you look brave and hearty,” exclaimed his mother. “Yes, mother, I have been enough in the sun, I assure you. From seventeen to twenty-seven I have been a wanderer, and have seen more than most men do in the whole course of a long life.

But here I am again at last,—happy in bringing back a sound constitution and a clear conscience.

“You are come,” said his father, “at a lucky time, for this is our harvest supper. We shall have some of our neighbors to make merry with us, who will be almost as glad to see you as we are, for you were always a favorite among them.” They soon arrived and were, indeed, all glad to see him, giving him many kind and friendly greetings. When all were retired, John went to rest, not forgetting, however, to give God the Almighty fervent thanks for preserving him to enjoy a blessing so dear to his heart.

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Published monthly by the students of the Northwestern University.

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EDITORIAL STAFF.

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EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

EDGAR GUENTHER, ’oS BUSINESS MANAGERS.

BUSINESS MANAGER ASS’T. BUSINESS MANAGER

ERWIN E. KOWALKE, ’o8 MARTIN J. WAGNER, ’o8

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DEPARTMENT EDITORS. ATHLETIC EDITOR. COLLEGE NOTES EXCHANGE EDITOR LOCAL EDITOR CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

MARTIN SCHUMACHER, ’io JOHN E. SCHAEFER, ’08 SIGMUND PROBST, ’09 HERBERT SCHALI.ER, ’«9 ALEXANDER P. SITZ, ’09

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EDITORIAL

4

The (lavs of vacation are over. All festivities have become a thing of the past. “The melancholy days have come” again for many as they listen to faint, imaginary echoes of Christmas and New Year’s chimes in their fantasies and then glance into the immediate future with the arduous tasks it has in store for them. But pleasant remembrances and dark fore­ bodings don’t mix well, and the sooner one succeeds in eliminating the one and modifying the other, the sooner he will succeed in getting under way. Furthermore, it should be borne in mind that our long vacation was not granted that we might hie to the parental hearths, ply our stomachs with sweets, and gather food for subsequent rumination of fond recollec­ tions, but as a period for mental relaxation, as a period of rest for those brains that have been duly employed during the past semester. If the vaca­ tion has been spent with this object in mind, there is no excuse for any­ one’s fearing the work awaiting him, pausing before it as before some in­ surmountable height, and taking recourse to the lazy man’s hobby of pro­ crastination.

“Procrastination is the thief of time” is a proverb almost as old as the proverbial hills, yet sadly enough its significance is often disregarded,

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and very often during the first weeks of a new semester. With these words, however, the necessity of making annual New Year’s resolutions is not intended to be implied. Owing to the doubtful character of the majority of those who are in the habit of making them and the frivolity with which they are broken, New Year’s resolutions are slowly falling into disrepute, and we trust there are few, if any, in our midst who find it necess'ary to turn over the thumbworn “new leaf,” acknowledging thereby that they have been nothing but shiftless rogues who have heretofore allowed the golden chariots of opportunity to pass by them unheeded. A true Christian student, on the contrary, will, sometimesi even before crossing the threshold of our institution, have adopted a code of resolutions as Scripture has formulated them for him which cover all requirements and need neither revision nor renewal. Perhaps the one to come chiefly into consideration during a student’s career is the resolve to do his duty. But as we are all far from being justified in making any claim to infallibility, it is not at all remarkable that even our sense of duty should occasionally be allowed to sink into some obscure corner of our souls and become covered with the dust of neglect. If this be the case with any of us, now is an appropriate time to recall and again burnish it to its proper lustre. We are beginning the final semester of the year and for a number of us it is the final semester of our college course. Is it not of the gravest importance, therefore, to exert ourselves to the utmost during the short time remaining and to seek to break all records during the final heat? It is not, as many suppose, that with the years spent at college our education is completed and that a mere breathing of the “collegiate” atmosphere, like the dipping of Achilles into the Styx, will render us invulnerable against any misfortunes of the future. During our stay at college we are but laying the foundation for our accomplishments and our character, a foundation that will be weak or firm according to the manner in which our time has been employed and on whose stability the major portion of our future success depends.

Hence let us not hesitate to take advantage of the splendid opportuni­ ties placed within our reach, opportunities such as only an institution hav­ ing our peculiar methods can offer. The fruits will be sure to follow as scores of imposing characters involuntarily testify, who, while having even fewer advantages than we, are well able to hold their own in this merciless age of the survival of the intellectually fittest.

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The success which great and famous men have achieved Persistence is as a rule attributed to what is called “good luck,” that is, a series of favorable circumstances. But in most instances prosperity is the result of years of persistent and conscien­ tious work. Human nature loves ease. We are prone to wait for some lucky incident which is to help us reach our aim. But success is a plant of slow growth, which will not thrive without constant care and attention.

The stammering Demosthenes was the butt of the Athenian students

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of the Academia, and yet he became the greatest orator of them all. He persisted when jeered; he resolved when taunted; he determined when langhed at; and finally through the greatest perseverance he mastered all difficulties, conquered every physical impediment, and to this day his name is mentioned as the orator of orators.

Daniel Webster was never at the head of his classes. He did not like to study. Yet, through persistence, he also achieved success and became a master of eloquence. Other examples of the triumph of perseverance over physical and mental obstacles are to be seen in the career of Linne, the Swedish botanist, whom his teachers pronounced a hopeless dunce; in that of Paginini, who practiced a difficult passage for hours; and in that of Grant, who at West Point was not a brilliant scholar. All these and thousands more have attained success through persistent effort.

Of course there are great and noble exceptions to this general rule.

But persistence in the pursuit of an object or purpose will always triumph over the more meteor-like flashes of brilliant but ill-directed and untrained genius. An author of distinction has remarked: “Not because of lack of genius, but on account of lack of perseverance, thousands have been wrecked on the sands of life.” v* It is rather strange how little chess is known among us. Surely a game of such world-wide reputation de­ f’lea for Chess serves better attention and ought not be set aside by any other indoor game. It is from the lower classmen that the game ought receive especial interest and where a love for the game ought be cultivated.

Not so much can be expected of the upper classmen. He already has mani­ fold duties and numbers among his pastimes his smoking clubs (save the mark!) and debating societies. But in many cases the lower classmen will take to some game anyhow, be it permissible or not. In which game could he find more pastime and where could his time be more profitably spent than at a game of chess?

To excite a love for the game, however, to make it more widespread, and to make this interest more permanent the organization of a chess club is necessary. The upper classmen form clubs for the sake of amusement, why should not the lower classmen resort to the same means? And since his amusements are manifested a little more in the form of games, why should it not exist in the form of a chess club?

But should such a club spring into existence, it must be under the aus­ pices of the upper classmen. They must seek to interest the younger stu­ dents in the game, and show them the more important moves. To help his inferior in this way is in part his duty. If the one or the other who is acquainted with chess should take it upon himself to interest them, an or­ ganization would doubtless soon-be effected.

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COLLEGE NOTES

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De Caesis Arboribus.

On returning to college after the holidays we were somewhat surprised by the barren appearance of our inner court lying between our so-called gymnasium and the dormitories. Seven leafy monarchs (willows, boxelders and cottonwoods), ranging from twenty to twenty-eight inches in diameter, had yielded to the merciless ax of the janitor, some lying prone on the ground while others had already been totally dismembered and piled up ready for the furnace. The work was done in accordance with a decision of the local board ostensibly to secure more light for the in­ spector’s residence, chiefly, however, because the members of the board are ardent adherents of the theory of the survival of the fittest. The fact is that the numerous hard maples which were planted some years ago and are far more desirable shade trees, have obtained such imposing dimen­ sions that their further development would have been retarded by !thie cottonwoods, hence the latters’ destruction.

Though realizing that the felling of these trees will in the course of time indirectly help to beautify our rear court, it was nevertheless with sighs of regret that many of the more sentimental viewed the scene of desolation that the square now presents,—sighs of regret, however, that can be traced not only to an injured aesthetic appreciation, but to a spirit of utilitarian­ ism as well. And is a feeling of regard for these trees to be scoffed at, under whose branches generations of students have been wont to recline?

Ask those whose portraits adorn the walls of our chapel where some of the most pleasant hours at their Alma Mater were spent, and they will answer you, “under the old cottonwoods, secluded from the world at large—and the eyes of the inspector.” There it is that they were wont to declaim to imag­ inary audiences the forensic subterfuges of Cicero, to chant those musical hexameters of Homer, to spend hours in fruitless endeavor to solve the “ungelosten” Probleme of Fliigel, and last but not least, to spend those pleasant moments after dinner with that inseparable friend—the briar pipe.

Would that the goddess presiding over lyric poetry, if there be one, had given me the gift of metric composition that I might dedicate some fitting eulogy to the fate of these benevolent monarchs who offered their scanty shade alike to all who cared to> recline at their feet! At any rate, like the old wind mill, R. I. P. V*

A MusicaJ Entertainment.

On the 14th of December the N. W. U. Vocal Quartet, composed of Prof. C. Bolle, G. A Westerhaus Jo8, C Kluender ’n, and P. Zeisler ’09,

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gave a musical entertainment in the chapel of the Recitation Hall with the following program: i. Organ Selection—Belgian March...................

A. Sitz.

J. Haeser 2. a. Brueder lasset uns marschieren................. ........Pfeil b. Still ruht der See...........................................

3- Suwanee River ........;........................................ ............Foster-Parks 4- Luetzows wilde Jagd......................................... ..C. M. von Weber 5- I’d Like to Go Down South Once More.......... ..............J. A. Parks 6. Abendlied P. Huebner, Op. 8, No. 2 7- Address by President A. F. Ernst—Bedeutung dcr Musik fur die Bildung...................................

8. Stille Nacht, Heilige Nacht .C. T. Steele 9- Lead, Kindly Light........

10.

Foster-Parks My Old Kentucky Home 11.

Lullaby............................... ,. J. A. Parks 12. a. OKI College Chum___ b. Our College Cheer....

J. Kinkel LI- Fahrwohl...........................

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The merits of the quartet are well known among the students, of which fact the filled chapel bore sufficient witness. In his address Prof. A. F. Ernst showed what an important part music plays in culture. He also told his delight at the existence of such organization in our institutions by which we become more proficient in music, and at the interest that is in gen­ eral taken in music, despite the absence of a music teacher, and expressed his hope that provisions for such a position will soon be made. * * * * *

ALUMNI The Government of Our Institution.

J. H. G. Times change, conditions and situations alter. New demands are made upon us from time to time to meet the varying conditions under which we labor and the circumstances within which we try to make ourselves useful.

It is folly to meet the new situations by old methods, because “It has served our purposes in the past." The development of the soil, the opening of newly developed resources, the assimilation of nationalities, and the transi­ tion of the means of conveying thought, during the past fifty years present to us a striking revolution. In the choice of our methods, in the mode of our procedure, we must not permit the love of antiquity nor the usages of our forefathers to prevent us from adopting such methods in the conduct of our government that are best adapted to the present situations. We

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may accept the past as a lesson, but not as a barrier, lest we contribute to the ossification of our organizations.

In the early days of our church in America, the conditions were totally different from today. The people came from the poorer classes in Europe.

Their first step was to organize congregations, then the synods, and next came the organization of higher institutions of learning to prepare min­ isters and teachers. This organization was family-like and exceedingly democratic. In the light of "the present day we must admire the early organizers for the wisdom they displayed. They adapted themselves to the needs as they arose. We may rest assured that had there been a demand for a general higher education and the financial ability to carry it on, the institutions then founded would not have been practically limited to candidates for the ministry. The government of the institutions, as we find all governments in the early development of society, was exceedingly simple and we may say crude. It was considered a family affair. For instance, there was but one treasury for all the purposes of the organiza­ tion. No great difference could arise in small affairs. When the svnods became greater the various affairs became more diversified and complex.

In the growth of our Church we must admit our methods and our gov­ ernments have not been so molded as to best adapt themselves to our work. Much attention has been paid to the work, but little to the pro­ cedure. It is certainly folly to contend that our synods at the present exist only for those same purposes and no more, which immediately led up to its organization or the needs which were in demand at the time. Is it not wiser and better to say that the synods exist to carry on such work within the Church which is either too voluminous or extensive for, and beyond the ability of one congregation or such which can more judiciouslv and expeditiously be managed bv the co-operation of a number of congre­ gations, without interfering with the rights and prerogatives of the re­ spective congregations ? Why have a dozen organizations and complicate affairs, if one permanent and established organization exists? Why not permit all objects common to our Church to emanate from such existing body? It will certainly be more orderly, harmonious and businesslike.

It is contended by some with an apparent attempt of some force that our institution should retrograde and its doors be closed to all scholars not candidates for the ministry, that it is not the duty of the synod to maintain such an institution of general learning, and therefore is not permitted to do so.

It is further contended that such institutions for the education of our youths in general should spring up out of the ground, placing them under the same hardships and placing the same obstacles in their way that all newly organized institutions have and meet with. Is it the intention to counteract the movement favoring the education of our youths in institu­ tions emanating from our Church? Is it to compel them, if they desire a higher education, to leave us ? This can hardly be true! What is it, then,

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that prompts this opposition ? Let us view the motives openly and without hesitation.

Is it that such who intend to prepare for the ministry should not be permitted to study side by side with those who have not promised to enter the service of the Church directly, but who on many occasions may be of just as great a service to the Church? This appears to be plausible.

It is to close the institutions, medieval-like, to have the scholars reared under an influence of an idea of the middle ages that no man is entitled to an opinion in anything of any kind unless he belongs to the clergy, as the excuse was made by a clergyman, that the ministers will become too worldly under such general influences. It does not require any argument to conclusively prove the untenabilitv of the position.

We have cause to rejoice that in our synod the little opposition which did exist in this line is rapidly being assimilated. What then is necessary to be done for the future development of the government of the insti­ tution ?

(To Be Continued.) * * * <a» Personal Notes.

—Hugo A. Winkenwcrder, who completed his academical studies in 1896, continued to devote his attention to education -at the University of Wis­ consin, later accepting the position of instructor of natural sciences at the High School in Sheboygan, Wis. Becoming interested in forestry, he entered the well known forestry college of Yale University, receiving his degree in 1906. His specially efficient work at the latter institution resulted in his being appointed a lecturer by the forestry bureau of the federal government, his territory extending over the southeastern states.

Upon solicitation of the board of regents of Colorado University he has resigned his position and will take charge of the forestry department of the western college.

—Oswald Hover, who attended the academy for a number of years, is employed as teller bv the Princeton State Bank, Princeton, Wis. Mr. G. Teske, vice-president of the above banking association, is also a former student.

—John Fiebing, a member of the class of ’85, upon discontinuing his studies at our institution entered the University of Goetingen. Ger­ many, pursuing the scientific course. He is now president of the Fiebing Chemical Company, Milwaukee, Wis. —Otto Rather, remembered by the baseball fans who attended the insti­ tution at the same time, took a course in dental surgery at a Chicago Dental College and is now practicing dentistry in Green Bay, Wis. —Frederick Meyer, who received his degree in 1887, has been superin­ tendent of the Lutheran High School at Milwaukee since its establish­ ment. Address, 621 Thirteenth Street.

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Oxir Contemporaries

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The Student Life (Logan, Utah) numbers among the first of our best exchanges of last month. It is one of those few college papers which has every department replete with interesting and extremely wholesome mat­ ter, informing us what the institution is doing, not only in educational but also in society matters and athletics. The story “Strength in a Cool Head” speaks well as to the narrative talent of its author. A perusal of “College Life” will be well repaid by the most sound advice extended to us in that article. The author tells us that college life is what a student makes it, a confirmed statement which has been experienced time and again by every one of us. While some prefer to make it beneficial and pleasant to others and themselves, others seem to choose to have it disagreeable and useless.

The author pictures us the life of a “grinder” and that of an idler and how every school furnishes proficient incentives to remedy these two classes, one of which is little better than the other. But, Student Life, is that “edifying” cut at the head of your exchange column supposed to serve any special purpose? Judging from the otherwise neat appearance of your paper, you yourselves should serve as competent judges as to its appropriateness.

We are rarely disappointed in the Trinitonian, which never fails to make its appearance in the shape of an up-to-date and well managed col­ lege paper. Perhaps the first article which attracted our attention was “Reformed Football,” in which the author clearly states the advantages of our revised game over the old style Rugby game as played four or five years ago. A football enthusiast cannot fai1 to enjoy the item, an enemy of that game cannot but profit by a cursory reading of that article. The author closes by advising the college player about to work out his destinies in life to bear in mind the maxim of Roosevelt which he so often applied in a football game, “Don’t flinch, don’t foul, but hit the line hard.” The “Opportunities of College Girls” is a well put up article and with the ex­ ception of a few rather striking and dark statements the matter is well founded. When, for instance, the author tells us that through playing golf and tennis the weaker sex has developed in such a marvelous manner that “the factories were compelled to lengthen ready-made suits two or three inches,” when she follows this almost incredible argument with several additional ones of a like nature, our imagination even on the most charitable supposition fails entirely to comprehend these striking “facts.”

Nearly every one of our exchanges of last month contained an article on college spirit in connection with football. The ablest and best written are probably contained in the Lawrentian and the Newberry Stylus. “Pro­ hibition, Our Only Hope, in the latter periodical also deserves mention.

The entire article is characterized by a clear and flowing style, well worthy of imitation, which speaks well for the author as to his knowledge of the subject. As to its contents, however, we must say that in spite of

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the present direful situation, the author is at times entirely too irrational, partially eliminating the effect of otherwise forcible arguments.

With a few additional departments the Whetstone can develop into a typical college paper. In its literary department we are rarely deceived in finding several well written articles. The “Filings'’ department is espe­ cially well edited. The jokes are mostly original and can scarcely fail to serve their intended purpose. Your athletic department, however, which can scarcely be due to the absence of athletics at your institution, is en­ tirely wanting. Your editorials, of which we would like to see at least twice the present number, are too brief. * 4

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—The following new students have entered after the holidays: Geo. Petri, Ailenton, Wis., entered Sexta; Ernest Mallow, Ashippun, Wis., entered Septima; Ed Schroeder, Markesan, Wis., entered Sexta; Geo. Kapanke, Chaseburg. Wis., entered Sexta.

—Robt. Polzin, from Berlin, Wis., visited former classmates Jan. 12.

—Otto Koch, ’09, left Jan. 22 on account of illness.

—Ehrenfried Berg, ’io, and Adolf Pankow, ’09, are severely ill, the latter being afflicted with pneumonia. Their respective parents have come to visit them.

—The N. W. U. hoard held its regular meeting Jan. 22.

—H. Steinbring, Ad. Valleskey, and Hermann Behn discontinued their studies alter Christmas. Mr. Valleskey has accepted a position as tele­ graph operator on the Wisconsin Central at Collins, Wis. —Ed. Birkholz, '09, (V2 twin), and H. Schaller, '09, attended services at the Lutheran church in Richwood Sunday, Jan. 19.

—Mr. A. W. Schroeder visited his sons Jan. 21.

—Mr. Luckow paid his son Edward, prep., a visit Jan. 21.

—P. Peters, ’09, went to Milwaukee on the 22nd to attend to business.

—Oswald and P. Hensel, ’oS, were honored with a visit by their mother Jan. 21.

—The Hon. Senior Class is at present taking private lessons in History with Dr. A. Hoermann ever}T Thursday evening.

—Mrs. Duerr and Miss Muller, from Elroy, called on Walter Keibel, prep., Jan. 9. His mother paid him a visit Jan. 22.

—Chas. Toepel, ’09, and Wm. Wadzinske, ’09, were entertained by Mr. C Nowack, Western avenue, Sunday, Jan. 12.

—Ed. F. Zell left Jan. 16 on accoun< of illness, but returned again on the 18th.

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THE BLACK AND RED

—Otto Plath, ’io, went to Milwaukee Jan. 18, to be present at his aunt’s operation. He also made use of the occasion to visit friends and to make a call on the Sem. He returned on the 19th.

—M. Haase, *n, and Louis Baganz, ’u, visited Rev. Kammholz at Ixonia, Jan. 19.

—The following students were rewarded with scholarships: Oswald Hensel, ’08; R. Ziesemer, ’io; Otto Plath, ’io; Victor Schroeder, ’io; Louis Baganz, *n; Joe Krubsack, ’n; and Ji Masch, ’12. This is the first distribution of the income from the Fannie P. Lewis Endowment Fund which was bequeathed to the institution for the benefit of students “of good standing, who are in need of financial aid.”

—The following new corporals were recently appointed by Capt. Phil.

Koehler: Rudolf Lederer, ’io; Louis Baganz, ’ 11; and Louis Beto, *ii.

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CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM —Stung!

—Tabernacle.

—It vass a y-y-yoke!

—Discrimen capitis. Die Krisis des Kopfes.

—Ask Bill about the famous Russian coffee beans.

—Who has seen the tailless sparrow? This newly discovered member of the family passer domesticus may be seen daily flitting about the halls of our Alma Mater. All attempts to catch it have been futile, as P—p— will testify.

—Dutchy (reading Shakespeare): I thank the gods I am fool (foul).

—E-a was seen in the library lately buying paper, envelopes, and stamps galore. Of late she is only playing such sad melodies as Ich weiss nicht, was soli es bedeuten. What can it all mean ?

—Hank: She’s no terrestrial Venus, but a terrestrial wiener.

—The following notice was found in the B. and R. box: “If anybody wishes a pin, order and pay before tomorrow noon.

“Your obedient servant, V. S.” —K-b-1 (translating sitiens stabat media in aqua) : Sitzens stand er mit­ ten im Wasser.

—Boerger: Excuse me for asking interrogative questions.

—Somebody: Oh, Bill, how could you say that?

Bill: I know I am a very insultative person.

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—Pitts (quoting): Or what though rare of later age Ennobled hath the buckskinned stage.

—A bit of modern mythology: Jeder Berg hat seine Nymphe.

—Prof, (after vacation) : What subject did we just finish?

R-p-1: Christmas.

—Bill: Ein schneller Tod raffte ihn dahin, und er starb kurz darauf.

—Prof: What is a peacock called in German?

Student: Ein Erbsenhahn.

—K-b-1 (to Happy, who patted him on the head): Don’t distribute my hair.

—Buckeye: Die ionischen Saiilen katten kein Firmament.

—Prof: Where do you come from?

Sextauer: Near a creamery.

—Someone: Where did Spitz get that mark on his neck?

Bill: Those are the pangs of despised love.

—Prof: War die Tante cine gute Lehrerin?

Jinks: Nein, sie war ein Klatschweib.

—Schuft’s last German comp contained some decided Grecisms. One must not lay too much stress on one subject.

—Prof: The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, but— Student:—in our stripes.

—Jinks (translating Xenophon): “Die Soldaten hatten purpurne Unterrockc an.” Das mussen Amozonen gewesen sein.

—Pips claims he got his feet wet before Christmas and caught a cold in the head after Christmas. How is that to be explained?

—Every little bit added to what you got Makes just a little bit more.

H times H is H2 But He—z likes a little bit more.

—Why has Zelly made so many trips down town at noon of late? He must have some pressing engagements.

—Prof.: Was ist ein Pflugstier?

Kleiny: Ein Werkzeug zum fliegen.

—Prof.: Clay is impervious. What does that mean?

Gallus: That one can’t swallow it.

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Nowack & Kohls

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DEA1.KR IN

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All Kinds ....of....

FURNITURE !

Undertakers and Embtlmors

607-609 Main St.

Watertewn, Wis. ■

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DR. E. J. HOERMANN DENTIST Crown, Bridge and Porcelain Work a Specialty Phone No. 258

106 First Street

KEITH’S KONQUEROR

H.OO

Shoes for Men

Have Naturally Balanced Proportions.

' 1

Fit right all over. Weight of body distributed normally along axis of sole.

Linings molded to lasts — cannot wrinkle—no corns, no aching soles. Retain original shape until worn out.

WM. GORDER CO ♦

606-608 Main St.

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W. D. SPROESSER & CO. ' ■

PIANOS AND ORGANS Telephone No. 259-y

213 Main Street WATERTOWN, WISCONSIN

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For the Personal Consideration of the Lovers of

GOOD

O A IN DIES

The Best That’s Been at

MUELLER &

LIEDTKE

FANCY AND STAPLE GROCERIES Fruits, Cigars and Tobacco

BAUMANN'S o-----

The Most Complete Line of

PIES, CAKES, Etc in the city at

Ice Cream Parlor in Connection.

The Best of Everything in Frozen Dainties. Let Us Serve You. —0—

WM. KRAMER

114 W. Main and 210 North Second Tel. 155-x snd 641

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212 West Main Opposite Public Library

GAMM’S CORNER [RUG STORE Alain and First Streets Headquarters for Souvenir Postal Cards Drugs, Medicines, Toilet Soaps, Cigars and Tobacco Prescriptions a Specialty

Clupeco Shrunk Quarter Size Collar

A Prosperous Business since adver­

We all Know When You Want a Good Dish of

tising in the Black and Red

ICE CREAM, HIGH GRADE CHOCOLATES AND PAN CANDIES

Stubo’sSboo Store

15 cents each: 2 for 25 cents '

You will be served promptly at 309 Malrv St.,

Fine Repairing

Watertown, Wis.

RADTKE & SON,

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107 WEST MAIN STREET.

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IF YOU WANT'FIRST-CLASS AND SATISFACTORY

Pl)0t0$

...GO TO...

Watertown Photo Co., DONNER GALLERY Special Rates made to Students.

The Largest Assortments of

/

Pocket Knives, Razors, Razor Straps, Shaving Brushes, Sporting Goods , To Be Had in the City.

Call and See Us.

TheNewSpringHats FOR MEN ARE IN All the New Shapes and Colors in Stiff and Soft Hats. A splen­ did line. In two grades.

The Emko, $2.00 The Mora, $3.00 Ask to see these new arri­ vals in the Clothing De­ partment — Second Floor.

SlKKpr Bros. go.

Cftc Bid gosh Store Bigger and Better Titan Ever.

D. & F. KUSEL CO. DR. T. F. SHINNICK Offce Hours, 9 to 11 a. rrv. 2 to 4 and 7 to 8 p. rrv.

Office 115 MAIN Phone 89-x

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Residence, 208 N. 5th St. Phone 273-x.

SHABBY CLOTHES Dyed at the Milwaukee Nov­ elty Dye works look like new

Ne« Method Laundry HAS THE AGENCY 218 First Stre ;t

Watertown, Wis.

Base Ball Supplies Foot Ball Supplies Tennis Goods Croquet Sets Boxing Gloves Punching Bags

SPORTING GOODS HEADQUARTERS

WM. G. PRiTZLAFF 8 CO. 307 Main St.,

Watertown

Indian Clubs Dumb Bells Lawn Swings Hammocks Fishing Tackle Guns and Ammunition

PboiK your Drug “Plants” to no. 196 « « «

ttl. fi. mcyne Drug €o.

CD? 7sxaSJL S*or« BWh—i«w

Cole Block

Main Street

The August Gamm

Crockery and Glassware Co. Cor. Main and N. Fourth Sts.

Watertown, Wis.

Remember Jos. Salick & Son jewelers and Opticians

gssaEarewra

We keep the best line of CALIFORNIA FRUIT ...Cigars and Tobacco...

€. fierro $ Son 210 Main Street

Tho Largest Assortment of

RoaacKs and Photographic Sup­ plies at KNICK BROS. ii5 Third St.

Watertown, VV is.

-----TRY ------

Wiggenhorn Bros.

BADGER STATE or LATEST OUT CIGAR.

OTTO HE YIN BIBLES, SONG BOOKS, CHURCH GOODS IN GENERAL. School Supplies a Specialty.

409 Main Street.

A. Wiggenhorn & Son JEWELER.S Official Watch Inspector for the C., M. & St. P. Ry. Co. Wisconsin Watertown,

Special Attention is given to testing Eyes and Fitting of Glasses.

Stationery and School Supplies i and 3 Main Street.

Watertown. Wis.

F. W. KURZWEG DEALER IN

Fine Boots, Shoes and Rubbers Please Give Us a Trial.

We Try to Give Satisfaction.

402 Main Street.

JPECIE k GW DEALERS IN

Fruits, Staple and Fancy Groceries.

All goods delivered promptly to all parts of the city free of charge.

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For Style, Fit and Economy Wear

Leo219Ruesch’s Shoes MAIN STREET.

WE ARE RECEIVING shipments every day of new goods in every department for Spring 1908. x In

Mens*

H. C. REICHERT TEACHER. OF

Violin. Piano and Harmony :

Studio 109 Main St. Third Floor, Above Hertel & Hoffmanns Clothing Store

Young Mens’

SUITS we will show certain ex­ clusive patterns and styles

F. G. KECK & CO.

designed especially for us.

These will have all the the ear-marks of newness such as dip-front coat and vest peg-top trousers with three and one half inch turn-up bottom in all the latest

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shades of Tans and Ele­ phant brown. In our Hat

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Watertown’s Big Furniture Store 110-112 Main Street Watertown, Wisconsin

For the best Photos GO TO

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Ht 01right’s Ground floor Gallery.

REMEMBER quality remains after price is forgotten.

department we will show some very extreme college shapes. Our styles for the Spring of 1908 will excell anything we have here-tofore shown. Do not fail to look us over.

WEGEMANN, FABER-KAERGHER GO. Watertown,

Wisconsin

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griiei’s Bowling Alleys

$ .. l: *:)“

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202 = 204- Madison -Street

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Telephone 211-y

A Choice Line of Cigars Watertown, Wisconsin

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WILLIAM HARTIG BREWER

BOTTLER

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MALSTER

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Established i$$4

Bank of Watertown

FRED W. GAMM,

Capital, $100,000

WATERTOWN, WIS.

Schlueter Bros'.

GO TO BANDALIN’S CASH SHOE STORE

MERCHANT lO CENT CIGAR AND

ARC

LEAD

SC CIGAR

THEM

ALL.

105 Main St. Watertown, Wis.

VeJentine Day Is next. You will find a complete lino of appropriate Post Cards for the occasion at

Eberle’s Drug Store 204 Maiu Street

SEAGER’S

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Insure \our buildings and contents in good strong companies, repre­ sented by

Barber Shop and Hath Booms 108 MAIN STREET

J. C. SEAGER, Prop,

of all kinds in Season. Good tilings to eat, JOHN E. HEISMANN

FRUITS

116 Main Street. ’Phone 62.

Ben H. Rieck new East End Barbershop Gorder Block.

PROPRIETOR OF THE

Students! 5 Haircuts for $1.00 604 Main Street WATERTOWN,

WISCONSIN.

When in need of reliable

FOOTWEAR We try to give satisfaction. Repairing neatly and promptly done, Watertown. Wis. 616 Main Street.

Do you Want

A GOOD J00?

The Daily Leader JOB DEPARTMENT Can give you such. We are prepared at all times to fur­ nish estimates on Letter Heads Envelopes Bill Heads Statements Hangers Folders Announcements, Etc,

’Phone No. 310-x

Cbe Daily Leader 108 riain Street

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C. G. CONN C0B" WONDER

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BAND ORCHESTRA AND

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SOLO INSTRUMENTS

Are Unrivalled for TONE, TUNE ACTION, MODELS,

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MECHANISM, and have the Endorsement of the Great Bandmasters and Musical artists of the world. The only Perfect Instruments made for either Professional or Amateur Players. They meet the most exacting requirements.

For Illustrated Catalogue giving description of instru­ ments, with prices and terms of payment, address

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C. G. CONN COMPANY, Elfchart, Ind. QUIN SPORTING GOODS CO.

COLLEGE AND GLASS FEINTS Made to order in special designs.

Prices quoted upon request.

Milwaukee. Wis.

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...MAKERS OF... i i

FINE ATHLETIC AND SPORTING GOODS Felt Pennants $3 per doz. and \ip Send Cor free 28 page illustrated circu­ lar of Novelties fur schools and cadets, including American flags, Knnners, Belt Buckles. Military Rooks, Brigade Rifles, Button Holders, Clothing Hangers, Fry­ ing Pun Clocks, Cravat Pins, Cuff But­ tons, Penants, Hat Pins, Jerseys, Sweat­ ers. Tights, Fountain Pens. Trouser Stretchers.’Varsity Flags,Match Fobs.etc The Pcttibone Bros. Mfg. Com’y Mfg’s. of Uniforms, Military and Secret Society Supplies, Cincinnati, 0.

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Special Discounts to Schools and'Colleges.

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Write for Catalog.

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THE BESTand CHEAPEST HOUSE B? grI^u05pTRAI5H CATAUqS".

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WILSON BR.OTHEJRS NEW SPRING SHIRTS The standard of quality, Workmanship, Style and fit of these shirts is known to every wearer of good shirts. We are showing our entire new line of Wilson Bros. Spring Style of shirts and would be pleased to have you call and see the new things. From $1.00 to $2.50.

^r^^rgStorc Hertei & Hoffmann

DR. A.J.SCHLUETER DENTIST 313 Main Street

( Over Gruotz^aclier’s ) Store

Watertown, Wis.

Everything in Paints and Wall Paper • -"tc?

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PAINTERS

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Cbe Black and Red. Volume XI.

Watertown, Wisconsin, February, 1908.

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LITERARY

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A Modern Horatius.

HERMAN MARQUARDT. The Spaniards’ stronghold on the extreme southern coast of Cuba was Santiago. Here many of the Spanish troops were quartered, while in the harbor floated the best of Spain’s navy. The Americans, who had block­ aded the harbor as soon as they found the Spanish vessels in there, bom­ barded the port, and succeeded in demolishing the fortifications at the entrance of the harbor and in disabling the Spanish squadron. A few weeks later, toward the end of June, General Shafter landed 16,000 men with which to besiege Santiago. Among these were the famous Rough Riders, led by the invincible Roosevelt.

After a few days of fighting the Americans thought that victory was certain, but then the wild news spread that 5,000 of the Spaniards had suc­ ceeded in getting through the American lines and were fleeing overland to Puerto Principe. Roosevelt, who was stationed on the road leading north, was notified to do his best to intercept them, but they managed to elude him bv crossing the cane fields.

As soon as the Spaniards found that they had succeeded in getting past the guards on the road leading to Puerto Principe, they rushed with all possible speed for the Cauto River. If they were fortunate enough to get across this river and to destroy the bridge, they would be comparatively safe from pursuit, for this was the only safe place where the river could be crossed. But Roosevelt, knowing this, picked out five reliable men and sent them by a different route to demolish the bridge.

These men were all tried and true. They had been engaged in many skirmishes and combats against their inquenchable foe, the Red Man, on the great plains and among the foothills of the Rockies. Captain Corb had often with these same men. Lieutenants James and Tracy and Sergeants Hill and Dale, frustrated the most intricate ruses of the Apaches.

Having equipped themselves with all the necessary implements and arms, the men set off at a good, round pace, which was steadily increased as they proceeded. All the livelong night they rode over hills, through swamps, across cane fields and past tobacco plantations. But when the first streaks of light appeared in the east, they tethered their horses near the bridge and

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hastily prepared their breakfast. While they were still at their meal, a faint rumbling, as of thunder, was brought to their ears by the wind.

Simultaneously the five men sprang up and commenced the destruction of the bridge, but before they had accomplished much the enemy was in view.

When the Spaniards saw that the bridge was guarded, they came to a halt and sent six officers to parley with the Americans. By the time they came to the bridge Corb was ready to give them a “warm reception.” His men had brought the horses, which were to be used in case of need as pro­ tection, to the edge of the stream. Two men were still busy with the horses when the Spanish officers hailed the Americans. The officers received a leaden answer and three Spaniards instantly bit the dust. The others were so surprised at the audacity of this handful of men that they seemed paralyzed for a moment, and the cowboys had no trouble in making them prisoners. The Americans could have easily shot the remaining three offi­ cers. but they wished to make good use of them.

The Spaniards, seeing that the Americans were determined to keep them from crossing the bridge, decided to force their way across at any cost.

Alas! they had reckoned without their host. By the time they were ready to advance, Corb had built a living breastwork at the head of the bridge.

Two horses were placed on each side of the road and the other one was put crosswise of it. In front of this horse, bound and gagged, the three Spanish prisoners were placed, and behind it Corb. James and Tracy now stationed themselves. Hill and Dale were sent below to destroy the piers of the bridge.

As the Spanish soldiers did not wish to shoot their own men, they con­ cluded to clear the way with their blades. The three Americans had plenty of ammunition and were rather liberal with it. They had gathered up all the guns and shells of the six unlucky officers, besides the abundant supply that they had brought with them. They poured such a rain of bullets on the vanguard of the enemy that they, appalled at such wholesale slaughter, retreated in disorder to the rear of the army.

Confusion now reigned in the enemy’s camp, so the defenders of the bridge reloaded their guns and prepared for the next onslaught. The Spanish commander rearranged his forces and advanced once more, but the three dauntlessly stood their ground and their guns spoke as fluently as before. The Spaniards, however, were not so easily repulsed this time.

They rushed madly toward the bridge, but their front was quickly mowed down and the men in the rear stumbled over their late comrades. TIig air was filled with the cries and the groans of the wounded and the Hying.

Then the remainder of the army beat a hasty retreat and a council of war was held.

Thinking it best to present as small a front as possible to the enemy, the Spaniards decided to march up by twos and then to charge when they neared the bridge. This was play for the Americans now. Two men could cover the advance while the other loaded the guns. The dead and the injured were quickly brushed aside and others took their places, who in

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turn dropped in their tracks. The entrance to the bridge was obstructed by human forms, and the Spaniards were blocking their own way.

Meanwhile the two sergeants had demolished the piers and were now severing the bridge from the farther bank. They signaled to the three to come immediately. Tracy and James, being out of shells, turned and fled, but the captain wished to give the enemy a last farewell. He seized his trusty â&#x20AC;&#x153;Savage" and gave them a taste of steel pills. Many bullets pierced several soldiers before their work of destruction was ended. The Spaniards recoiled at such a waste of life. A whole army was held at bay by a single American.

Having emptied his gun, Corb flung it aside and turned to flee. Too late! The bridge was swaying in the air. He glanced calmly about him, then sprang far out on the upper side of the bridge. His spring gave the bridge extra momentum and it fell with a tremendous crash into the stream, stemming the current for a moment. The captain struck the water a little later and the wave caused by the fall of the bridge carried him safely to the opposite shore. As he stepped on land, the river tri­ umphantly roared over the ruins of the bridge that had so long spanned it, and a watery chasm yawned between the Spanish troops and the coveted shore.

Seeing that it was now useless to shoot the Americans, and astounded at their daring, the Spaniards cheered them and then turned to the wounded and the dying. The Americans sought the shade, for the sun was near the zenith. Three long hours they had faithfully and successfully kept the Spanish army from crossing the bridge. At noon Roosevelt and his Rough Riders arrived and the Spaniards surrendered without a murmur.

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Die Schlacht bei Oriskany.

Dcr Monat Februar ist voll patriotischer Erinnerungen fiir uns Amerikaner. In diesen Zcitabschnitt fallen die Geburtstage zweier unser grdssten Prasidertcn: Lincolns und Washingtons. Der eine war der Griinder des Staatenbundes, der andere der Erhalter. Immer wieder von neuem tauchen aus der Vrgangenheit die grossen Taten dieser Miinner und ihrer Genossen auf, und immer wieder von neuem ist es fiir uns Deutsch-Amerikaner in der Ordnung, des Anteils zu gedenken, den unsere Vorfahren am Befreiungskriege genommen haben. Eines der weniger bekannten. doch ruhmreichen und folgenschweren Ereignisse dieses Krieges ist der Kampf der deutschen Ansiedler des Mohawktales gegen die Tories und die mit ihnen verbiindeten Indianer, bei Osiskany.

Reich und malerisch liegt im Staate New York das Mohawktal. Dort hatten sicli zuerst im Jahre 1722 Deutsche aus der Pfalz angesiedelt, und wegen der grossen Fruchtbarkeit des Tales fanden sich immer mehr Landsleute, die willig waren, sich in den Talern des Mohawk und des Schoharie niederzulassen. So befanden sich dort zur Zeit des Unab-

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hangigkeitskrieges ungefahr 3000 deutsche Kolonisten, die wiihrend des ganzen Krieges einen starken Wall gegen das Andringen der Feinde bildeten. Zwar vergingen fast zwei Jahre, ehe die Schrecken des Krieges auch diese stillen Taler beunruhigten, aber wiihrend dieser Zeit waren die Deutschen nicht miissige Zuschauer. Sie wahlten eine Sichertsbehorde und erkltirten sich bereit, ihre Freiheit mit Blut und Gut zu verteidigen. Zu ihrem Befehlshaber erwahlten sie General Herkheimer, einen mutig entschlossenen Mann, dsssen Name durch die Indianerkriege weitbekannt und ein Schrecken der Feinde geworden war.

Als der englische General Burgoyne im Jahre 1777 von Canada aus das Gebiet des jetzigen Staates New York betrat, liess er durch General St. Leger mit einem Heere von 750 Tories und 1000 Indianern einen Seitenangriff auf das fruchtbare Mohawktal machen. Als die Nachricht hiervon auch Tryon County erreichte, berief Herkheimer schleunigst seine Brigade nach Dayton ein, denn nun gait es fur Heim und Familie zu kampfen. Die vier, zusammen etwa 800 Mann starken, Battailone trafen unter ihren Befehlshabern zur bestimmten Zeit ein und ruckten sofort zum Endsatz des Bedrohten Fort Stanwix vor, das der feindliche General St. Leger seit dem dritten August belagerte. Am Abend des fiinften lagerten sie sich an der Stelle, wo jetzt das Dorf Oriskrany steht, und obgleich die ungeubten Soldaten vor Bcgierde brannten, sich mit dem Feinde zu messen, so wollte doch Herkheimer sich nicht nutzlos dem Verderben preisgeben, da von dem Erfolg des bevorstehenden Kampfes das Schicksal der Bewohner des ganzen Tales abhing. Er beschloss daher zu warten, bis von Fort Stanwix das verabredete Zeichcn zum Angriff gegeben wiirde. Aber seine Offiziere wurden ungcduldig, und von den Soldaten her scholl sogar der Ruf: “Tory, Verriiter!” und so musste der General widerwillig und gegen seine besscre Einsicht endlich den Befehl zum Vorrucken geben, aber nicht ohne vorher den lautesten Schreiern warnend zugerufen zu haben, dass sie cm Augenblick der Gefahr die ersten sein wurden, welche ihr Heil in der Flucht suchten.

Herkheimer’s Corps konnte nicht einmal seine Flanken gehorig decken und soli es ausserdem straflicherweise vernachliissigt haben, seine Pliinkler vorauszuschicken. Die Spaher welche St. Leger ausgeschickt hatte, brachten ihm die willkommene Nachricht von der Unordnung der Deutschen, und er beschloss, dem feindlichen General zuvorzukommen und ihm einen Hinterhalt zu legen. Er wiihlte dazu eine bewaldete, aber morastige Schlucht, durch die der Weg liber einen langen Kniippeldamm fiihrte.

Es war etwa elf Uhr morgens, als die ahungslosen Deutschen endlicli die Schlucht erreichten. Die kleine Streitmacht zog zum grosssten Teil auf dem engen Kniippeldamm vorwiirts, als urplotziich die Indianer mit wildem Geheul auf ihre Opfer lossprangen. Gleich beim ersten An­ griff ging das Gepack verloren, und eine grosse Anzahl Deutscher fiel.

Fischer’s Corps, in dem sich die lautesten Schreier des Morgens befanden, floh beim ersten Angriff; wurde aber zum Lohn fiir seine Feigheit von den Indianern fast ganzlish aufgerieben.

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Als Herkheimer das erste feindliche Feuer empfing, versuchte er sein Corps in Reih und died aufzustellen, aber der Versuch wurde durch den heftigen Kugelregen vereitelt, und die Soldaten suchten hinter einzelnen Biiumen Scliutz. Der kaltbliitige Fiihrer sah, dass seine einzige Rettung in Kampf und Widerstand bis aufs letzte beruhe, und es entstand dann auch ein blutiges Handgemenge. Selbst im Tode hielten sich die Gegner noch krampfhaft umklammert. Herkheimer selbst stritt in den vordersten Reihen, bis er gegen Mittag durch einen Schuss, der sein Bein zerschmetterte, kampfunfahig wurde. Aber trotz seiner fruchtbaren Schmerzen iibcrtrug er den Oberfehl auf keinen anderen Offizier, sondcrn erteilte, gegen seinen Sattcl gelehnt, bis zum Ende der Schlacht mitten im feindlichen Kugelregen hochst kaltbliitig seine Befehle.

Allmahlich fanden sich die Deutschen wieder zusammen, und, durch die Ruhe und Tapferkeit ihres Fiihrers angefeuert, hielten sie den Indianern und Tories tapfer stand. Schon auf dem Marsch hatten die Deut­ schen drohende Wetterwolken am Horizonte bemerkt, und jetzt brach plolzlich, es war gegen Mittag, ein furchbares Ungewitter los, das dem blutigen Ringcn auf cine Stundc ein Ende machte. Als der Kampf wie­ der begann. hatten die Deutschen noch mehr Zusammenhang gewonnen.

Rishcr hatten die Indiancr dadurch einen grossen Vorteil gehabt, dass sie auf einen Soldaten lossprangen, der seinen Schuss abgefeuert hatte, und ihn niederschlugen che er einen zweiten abgeben konnte. Jetzt aber stellte Herkheimr zwei Manner hinter jeden Baum auf. Sobald der eine geschossen hatte, legtc der andcre an, um den heranspringenden Indianer niederzuschicssen. Diese Taktik wirkte. Die Indianer fielen massenhaft, und der Mut dcr Deutschen stieg mit jedem Falle eines Indianers.

Schon wagten die Rothiiute keinen Angriflf mehr, und schon fiihlten sich die Deutschen als Sieger, da kam plotzlich eine Abteilung des Johnsohnschcn Regimentes den ur.terliegenden Tories zur Hilfe. Der grosste Tcil dieser neuen Mannschaftcn bstand aus Nachbaren, Freunden und Verwandten der angegrifter.en Deutschen. Aber gegen diese Landverriiter kampften die tapferen Bauern mit noch grosserer Wut als gegen der Indianer, und nach halbstiindigem erbittertem Ringen wurden auch sie mit dem Verlust ihres An fiihrers zuriickgeworfen. Ihr Riickgang artete bald in wilde Flucht aus, zumal da sie fiirchteten von Fort Stanwix aus im Riicken angegriffen zu werden, und die tapferen Bauern aus dem Mohawktal blieben als Sieger im Besitz des Schlachtfeldes.

Aber ihren Erfolg hatten sie sclnver erkauft. Ein Viertel ihrer Kameraden lagen tot oder tddlich verwundet auf dem Felde, und selbst ihr tapferer Anfiihrer starb nach wenigen Tagen an seinen Wunden. . Es gab kaum ein Haus im ganzen Tal, das nicht durch den Verlust eines Verwandten in Trauer versetzt ware. Noch am Abend desselben Tages kehrten die erschopften Deutschen nach dem alten Fort Schuyler zuriick, wo sie die Nacht zubrachten, und traten dann am folgenden Tage ihren Riickmarsch in die Heimat an.

Aber auch die Feinde hatten schrecklich gelitten. Nach der Schlacht bedeckten die Korper von iiber 200 Tories und Indianern, darunter 15

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Hauptlinge, die Wahlstatt. Das Gefecht hatte auf die Wilden einen solchen Eindruck gemacht, dass sie es hinfort nicht mehr wagten, den Deutschen in offener Feldschlacht entgegegzutreten und sofort den englischen General verliessen. Durch die Schlacht bei Oriskany batten die Deutschen den ersten bedeutenden Erfolg der republikanischen Waffen im Norden erkampft und Hoffnung auf endgiiltigen Erfolg in den Her­ zen der verzagten Freiheitskampfer im ganzcn Lande entziindet. & 0 0 &

An Incident* P. G. Z., ’09.

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Arthur Wolfart, a lad of about eighteen years, was one of a number of lumbermen who felled trees in a forest ten miles north of the town of , where .Arthur lived. On Saturday the men were required to N work only in the morning, and Arthur, being absent from home for a week, always walked home.

Today Arthur was more than usually anxious to depart for home, although the week wanted still two days until Saturday; for tomorrow was Christmas, a time when everyone likes to be near the home-hearth.

This, of course, meant a holiday for the lumbermen and was the cause of Arthur’s impatience. He had hoped to obtain {lie consent of his em­ ployer to let him depart on the afternoon previous to Christmas, but for certain important engagements the foreman could not spare even one man. Even at dusk the work was not suspended, but was run far into the night before the signal was given to stop. In his anxiety to get home Arthur gave little heed to the lateness of the hour, but determined to walk home on this day by all means, no matter how late it chanced to get. After his duty in the woods had been done, he ate a hasty supper and made preparations for his departure, strapping a package to his shoulder to ease walking, while in his hand he held a club as a prop on his march homeward.

Arthur’s way lay over a hill which was known for its Indian mounds.

Many were the uncanny stories told about this hill and its mounds, whose influence was supposed to infect the whole neighborhood. Even those not believing in ghosts told with awe the stories of a man of pow­ erful dimensions who roamed about this hill at midnight and disap­ peared in one of the Indian mounds when the hoot of the owl was hushed. Arthur had often listened to these stories, but did not believe them to be true; for he was no believer in ghosts. He was no coward, .and with buoyant spirits sallied forth into the night through a deep snow which had fallen the day before. It took all his energy and strength to jog through +lie heavy snows, and therefore had no time to meditate on ghosts. Midnight, the very witching time of night, was rapidly approaching after Arthur had traversed only half the distance.

At times, when he felt a sense of fatigue creep over himself, the thought of surprising his parents with “A Merry Christmas” would fill him with

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new vigor and he would tramp onward with renewed energy. At length he heard the town bell strike. He halted and counted ten, eleven, twelve.

While trying to descry his home town through the gloom, he suddenly beheld the outlines of a man, hardly discernible in the darkness. Arthur decided to become acquainted with the stranger and discover who he was. He made his way straight to the object, and perceived to his astonishment that the object seemed to approach him in like manner.

Arthur stopped; the object appeared to do so, too. Arthur resumed his gait towards the strange figure, which seemingly approached Arthur in the same manner as before. He now moved forward and stopped alternately, the figure doing likewise. Arthur was nonplussed. He had now advanced so far as to see the outline of the strange object quite clearly, whose appearance coincided exactly with the description of the man who roamed about this hill at midnight. In the gloom he seemed like some gigantic monster ready to spring on any one who attempted to pass him. Arthur was daunted, but did not lose presence of mind or his courage. He resolved to acquaint himself with the state of affairs and learn who his puzzling opponent was. He walked straightway to the apparition and was in the act of addressing him when he went tumbling headlong into a ditch which in his excitement he had not no­ ticed. His whole appearance was now more like that of a rolling snow­ ball than of a human being. He at first thought that he had been tripped and was expecting to be killed the next moment. With fear and quaking he rose to his feet, but beheld the stranger in the same attitude as when he fell into the ditch a few minutes before. With upraised club he rushed upon the enemy and attacked him with heavy blows of his club, his antagonist in return offering no resistance.. Still Arthur did not desist until his opponent fell to the ground. Upon scrutinizing the fallen body he discovered it to be nothing but a scare-crow that some farmer had forgotten to remove in the fall. A few minutes elapsed be­ fore he felt certain that he had not killed a fellow-creature, but that it was a dumb scare-crow which he had actually beaten. After convincing himself as to the real state of affairs, he hurried homeward, laughing at his error and the scare that an “imago hominis” had given him. At the moment when he first caught sight of the scare-crow he kept his gaze fixed so intently upon the object that he was not aware of a tree that stood between the object and himself. While moving and stopping alternately the object at times was hid behind the tree and again it be­ came visible. Thus it appeared as though the scare-crow was approach­ ing him. After climbing out of the ditch into which he had fallen he came directly between the tree and the supposed enemy, when, after beating the dead object to the ground, he discovered his mistake.

An hour later he walked into his home, where anxious parents were still waiting for him. Everybody who has parents knows how he was received here.

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Published monthly by the students of the Northwestern University.

EDITORIAL STAFF. EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

EDGAR GUENTHER, ’o8 BUSINESS MANAGERS.

BUSINESS MANAGER ASS’T. BUSINESS MANAGER

ERWIN E. KOWALKE, >o8 MARTIN J. WAGNER, ’o8 DEPARTMENT EDITORS.

ATHLETIC EDITOR. COLLEGE NOTES EXCHANGE EDITOR LOCAL EDITOR CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

MARTIN SCHUMACHER, '10 JOHN E. SCHAEFER, >o8 SIGMUND PROBST, ’09 HERBERT SCHALLER, »09 ALEXANDER P. SITZ, ’09

Contributions to the Literary Department are requested from alumni and undergraduates, All literary matter should be addressed to the Editor-in-Chief and all business communications to the Business manager.

The terms of subscription are 75 cents per annum, payable in advance. Single copies, 10 cents Stain ps not^acceptecUnjjayment. ^Notify us lfyouwish your address changed or your paper discontinued until

p03t0fficc 0f Watertown, Wis., as second-class matter.

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While aimlessly rummaging in our college archives some days ago. one of our bookworms accidentally discovered a piece of parchment in a some­ what incomplete state of preservation hidden behind stacks of musty manu­ scripts. Brushing off the dust that had accumulated in the course of years, he discerned the title, “A Few Don’ts for College Students.” and, thinking that this fragment could at one time have belonged to no other than Frank­ lin of the Almanac fame, he hastily subjected it to a careful examination.

However, internal evidence betrayed it to be the work of some college “Poor Richard” who had attended this institution presumably during the early sixties. Yet. in spite of their age. some of the “Don’ts” contained therein are by no means obsolete, and we take the liberty herewith to publish as many of them as could clearly be deciphered: —Don’t “fake.” Fake is but a euphemism for a downright lie, and lying is wrong.

—Don’t condemn every action of your superiors, be they teachers or

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fellow-students. You may not yet be ripe enough to pass judgment on them, to say nothing of discerning their motives.

—Don’t cause disturbance in classes, either with words or actions. You are depriving others and yourself of opportunities to learn something.

—Don’t harass your teachers. They occupy the place of your parents.

—Don’t seek to justify transgressions by comparing your actions with those of another. The actions of others are poor criteria for judging your own misdemeanors.

—Don’t slam the doors. Everybody’s nerves arc not so insensitive as yours.

—Don’t consider the entire hallways substitutes for cuspidors. You would not do so if you were at home.

—Don’t slide down the banisters. Your mother never tolerated it, and be­ sides, like the banisters of life, they arc apt to be full of slivers.

—Don’t incessantly sing and whistle in the dormitory. The campus offers ample inducements to those desiring special training in vocal culture.

—Don’t run about the halls during study hours. You have sufficient time for social calls after study.

—Don’t remain up after ten and then heap imprecations on the harmless bell that awakens you at six. An hour of sleep before twelve is worth three after.

—Don’t form the habit of making nocturnal excursions beyond the pale of our grounds. The evening air is physically good, but morally poor.

—Don’t read too many novels. Books having a collateral bearing on your studies are of far greater value.

—Don’t scatter periodicals and newspapers at random about the readingroom. The shelves and racks were erected with a purpose.

—Don’t form the habit of running in debt. ‘‘The ghost of many a veteran bill Shall hover around his (your) slumbers.”

—Don’t spend your money for luxuries. It may have cost your father much saving and hard work to provide you with it.

—Don’t cultivate an acquaintance with Jim Barleycorn and his associates.

They are undesirable companions.

—Don’t indefinitely postpone your contribution to the athletic fund. The athletic association has credit, but not en eternal one.

—Don’t “sponge” your neighbor’s Black and Red. The subscription price

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is but seventy-five cents per annum—one-fourth of a dollar less than it should be.

—Don’t “knock” your athletic teams, college paper, band, orchestra or mili­ tary company. Boost! ^

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With great anxiety and hope does the average student Non Scholae look forward to the close of each semester, for it is then sed Vitae Discimus that the reports are given, the record of his standings for a term of hard and patient work spent at his studies. But how often does this anxiety, this hope and longing, turn into disappointment and dissatis­ faction ! This number might be better; in this study I certainly do deserve more; is this the recompense for my great exertions? These and many other remarks like them can be heard from the several disappointed workers.

It is true that some of these objections can be justified, as the numbers do certainly not always tell the true story. But still we should remember the old maxim: “Non scholae sed vitae discimus.”

While it remains true that the teacher cannot measure your knowledge accurately by some gauge or other device, it still is certain that he can ap­ proximately judge your standing. And he certainly can tell whether you are conscientious or not, and whether you are doing your duty. This is the object and aim of your report. It simply intends to show to your parent or guardian whether your time is well and satisfactorily spent. To the student, on the other hand, it is to show where he has done his duty and where there is left much to be desired. It is, as a professor recently remarked, to serve as a mirror to the student, which gives him a fair image of his knowledge. At the same time, however, it also shows those rusty spots that ought to be polished, studies that require a greater diligence and more exertion on the part of the student. And if the student receives his report with this understanding, it will then be a kind friend and guide, who shows him his defects and faults and asks him to do better in these certain branches wherein he is still wanting. He will then also not study for the sake of a good report, but for the sake of becoming a good scholar and acquiring a thorough education. And in this way he will become a master of his studies and an authority on the matter he is pursuing. He will no longer study for school, but for life. He is on the road to success, if he will but “stick to it.”

Therefore, let us lay a solid foundation at school, upon which we can rest a prosperous and successful future. Let us receive our reports as

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guides who lead us on the right path to success. In fine, let us observe the old maxim, “Non scholae sed vitae discimus,” and our work at school will be crowned with success, and we shall be prepared to enter the battle of life with confidence and self-reliance. v» v* As many of the subscribers to the Black and Red will announcing to delinquents the state of their account have noticed, there appeared in the January issue a slip with us, and also making them acquainted with a new ruling issued by the postmaster-general on December 4, 1907, to take effect on and after Janu­ ary 1, 1908. A reasonable length of time (until April 1) has been granted to all publishers to arrange matters so as to be able to comply with this new ruling.

All subscribers on the mailing-list of every magazine and newspaper are affected thereby, and therefore we publish an excerpt which pertains to Black and Red subscribers directly, and which is of vital interest to us.

The ruling is as follows: “All newspapers received by any postoffice addressed to a subscriber who is in arrears over four months on a monthly publication, shall not be accepted as second-class matter, but must have postage affixed at the rate of one cent for each four ounces or fraction thereof.”

In compliance with this ruling, all publishers will be obliged either to affix a one-ccnt postage stamp on every paper mailed, or to discontinue sending the paper after April 1, 1908, to all subscribers whose subscription account is in arrears.

As the postage rate of one cent per copy is virtually a prohibitive one, all Black and Red subscribers now in arrears are urged to pay up and renew their subscriptions for the ensuing year.

W* rd to Subscribers

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Bereavement in the Family of Our President.

The sad intelligence of the death of the beloved wife of our dear presi­ dent has doubtless reached most of our readers and stirred their hearts with sympathy. In memory of the deceased and in the interest of those to whom she had been so dear, we write these lines.

Mrs. A. F. Ernst passed away Thursday, January 30. She had been in delicate health since last fall. Though it seemed at times that she would regain her health, her state changed for the worse with the approach of winter. An operation seemed to offer the only chance for recovery. For this reason she was taken to the Mayo Hospital, Rochester, Minn. At first the operation seemed to be successful and her return had been hoped to take place within the near future. But the Dispenser of Life and Death had not decreed it thus. She was called away after she had been at the hospital ten days.

The funeral ceremonies began at 1145 in the afternoon on Saturday, February I. Rev. Julius Klingmann conducted the ceremonies. Hymns were sung by the mixed choir and by the N. W. U. Quartette. Thereupon the procession was directed to the Lutheran Cemetery, where the departed one now peacefully rests.

Mrs. A. F. Ernst (nee Hartwig) was born in Bromberg, Posen, Ger­ many, July 6, 1850. In 1852 she came to this country with her parents and lived with them in New York City. Here she met her future husband, who was at that time a pastor near that city, and was united in marriage with him in 1868. In the year following they came to Watertown, Wis., where her husband has since 1870 been president of Northwestern University.

Besides her husband, she has left six sons and three daughters who mourn her death. Requtescat in pace.

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COLLEGE NOTES Next Monday Prof. H. A. Frank, our instructor of mathematics, will open a series of lectures on “Analytic Geometry.” The course will be open to the members of the Senior and Junior classes, three times a week, on Mondays, Thursdays and Fridays, between 1:45 a°d 2:30. It is the object of these lectures to give lovers of mathematics a chance to extend their knowledge of the science beyond the ordinary course required of a graduate of our school. Credit will also be given for post-graduate university work, provided the (necessary) examination set at the end of the course be passed.

The course is voluntary on the part of Prof. Frank and beyond the require­ ments of his professorship. It is to be given entirely for the benefit and in the interest of the students. Therefore, Seniors and Juniors, let not this occasion slip by.

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ALUMNI The Government of Our Institution.

J. H. G. (Continued.)

Before entering upon the field of the discussion of the improvement of the government of our institution, it would be advisable to pause and view the present situation.

A board of trustees, consisting of fifteen members, is elected by the synod to manage in trust for the synod, the institution. This body in law exercises all the powers and privileges of a person, within the charter of the institution—a single entity. Of these fifteen, ten by an established custom are pastors and five laymen. As the time advanced the tendency appar­ ently grew more and more to restrict and confine the powers of the board.

This tendency at one time grew to such an extent that a proposition was advanced to abolish the board entirely and to control the institution by the synod through the simple agency of a committee, and manage the institu­ tion in the same manner as some of the other departments are managed, such as. for instance, the mission affairs. In view of this tendency, a board at all times feels uncertain as to its duty and authority in certain premises.

The treasurer, for instance, by tacit consent became a mere figurehead, the finances having by this custom been removed from the board, so that the board is in fact without power to make appropriations.

Another fact, often of rather more peculiar than necessarily salutary importance, is the invariable election to the board of Pastor Loci of the session of the synod. This appears at first sight to be of little consequence,

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THE BLACK AND RED.

but on closer examination we find that this is brought about by the same underlying idea that the synod manages the institution, and hence the elec­ tion of board members is of no great importance and of little consequence.

In this connection may be mentioned the lack of scrutiny exercised by our congregations in the selection of their delegates, and the hesitancy with which suitable persons accept a delegateship, that we may truthfully say, without fear of any charges of heresy, that our delegates constitute a strik­ ing ornament at the sessions of our synod. To be a delegate everybody appears to be regarded as suitable, if he has the time to spare!

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From the foregoing it clearly appears that the development of our ad­ ministration does not, and did not, keep pace with the growth of our synods —the tendency is rather reactionary. Instead of centralization, which naturally and of necessity accompanies the growth of any organization, the tendency is to decentralize, to become more democratic and of necessity more cumbersome. Let us, for instance, abolish the board, the synod would of necessity have to meet as often as does now the board: and what cumber­ some meetings we would have! For example, in small congregations all affairs are considered in the nature of family affairs, but with the growth of the congregations the powers of the officers must necessarily increase.

The more complex the affairs and the larger the bodies, the more certain and at ease the officers must feel in the exercise of their authority and duty.

We cannot expect results without granting the necessary authority to achieve results.

Another fact held in the highest esteem, and justly so, is the privilege of any person or congregation to make donations towards a particular fund and thereby especially enhance its financial situation. This right we may not be violating according to the letter, but perforce of our system is seri­ ously violated in spirit. Let us perceive a kind and charitable member set­ ting apart a fund, the income of which is to maintain one or two professor­ ships. Would this be a lasting and real benefit to our institution under our present system? Will not the needs be less, the requests for additional funds less frequent, and in consequence of this will not the returns be com­ paratively less, until with the growth of the institution and the progress of time we have reverted to the same financial level which we occupied before such donation? Such bequest will constitute, if anything, indirectly a be­ quest to the individual members, but its benefit to the institution will be of brief duration. This very situation we may sooner or later be obliged to face with a practical experiment. To avert the loss preparations should be made in advance. Again, if some charitably inclined person would give us the income of $100,000, would this be of lasting benefit under our present financial management? Solving the problem by human reasoning, we must repeat that in such an event the needs of the institution would be less press­ ing, the request for general contributions comparatively less and the returns would be accordingly less, until the institution would be on the same old financial level. It may be contended that thereby other departments of the svnod will be more liberally favored, but also in that case responses are

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never greater than the requests, and the requests never greater than the necessity.

Viewing the entire situation, we must come to the inevitable conclusion that the young man is still wearing the trousers of his childhood. In all synodical affairs especially, conservatism is of the highest importance; reac­ tionary tactics are, however, as much to be deplored as the practice of radi­ calism. Radicalism tends to upheavals and revolutions; over-conservatism to ossification. It should be a part of our study and our aims to arrange and shape our customs so as to keep pace with the growth of our affairs.

We should discard, “It has served our purpose in the past,” and this we should not postpone, but immediately and finally consider. {To be Continued.)

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Q\ir Contemporaries With every department well balanced, replete with sound literary matter, a periodical which would establish a name for any institution, the “Mirror”, Central High School, Philadelphia, made its appearance at our exchange table after an uncalled-for absence of several months. “Rosemary” and “The Tapferkeitsmedallion” are articles worthy of especial comment, a good style and a command of the language being manifest in both. Though ex­ tremely weird and inept, savoring strongly of Poe, Rosemary is most agree­ ably written, its smooth and easy style of relating avoiding all incongruity.

The vivid imagination, obvious throughout the article, leaves nothing to the predilection of the reader. Presageful and ominous, though at times preposterous, the author holds the reader in expectation up to the very clos­ ing sentence. “The Tapferkeitsmedallion”, a most singular and unique narrative, is written in a manner which leaves its authenticity unbounded.

A contemptible tailor, into whose fixed bayonet a cavalry horse had acci­ dentally run and which turned back and changed the course of the whole cavalry, had thus unwittingly won a medal, greatly coveted by every soldier at that time. The quaint position of the embarrassed tailor after his deed of cowardice, now transformed by fortune into one of bravery is espe­ cially well pictured. The only parts we were able to find fault with were the first few transitional sentences, which were too clumsy and not in conformity with the remaining matter. Though briefly treated the characteri­ zation of “Henrik Ibsen” is good. Why Ibsen alone was crowned with success in his satirical plaj7s, while most of his contemporaries have failed is shown in a plain manner.

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The “Miami Student,” Oxford, Ohio, contains several articles well worth the reading. “Political Corruption and the Remedy,” though rather brief, is treated in a highly commendable manner. The author attributes politi­ cal corruption to five causes: A hierarchy of party officials; the spoils sys­ tem, the indifference of many good citizens to the problems of self-govern­ ment; the disposition to adhere to party rather than principle; laxness re­ garding the mechanism of nominations and elections, Of these the first mentioned is perhaps the most effective and universal. “The Relation of Women to Politics in the United States,” though written by one of the sex that is generally willing to sacrifice everything for the promotion of suffrage, contains any amount of good common sense and displays a marked amount of consideration. This subject, so much abused within the last few years by garrulous radicals, is treated in a most broadminded manner and cer­ tainly speaks well as to the impartiality of its author. Your editorials, though rather a few in number, are of the nature which we ardently wish some other college papers would copy. The editorial on newspaper honesty is so striking and typical that would space permit, we would insert it wordly in our column. Your newspaper editors at least intended to devote their “idiosincracy to fiction” to your welfare and unwittingly gained the contempt where they sought to gain the good-will of the Miami students.

But when their fanciful and supervivid imagination takes a selfish course as has shortly occurred at our institution, where through an unusually strong but voluntary optical illusion the local reporter sees a citizen, a mere spec­ tator instead of one of our students, who in reality performed the act, save a drowning child from the icy waters; high time has arrived for such to be reminded that a mendacious and perfidious imaginafion is worse than none at all. Your exchange column, however, is a sad and inexcusable omission in your paper. We sincerely hope that a reiteration of this criticism will be called for.

College Echoes, Tienstin, China, was ever read by us with great interest but the January number, at least in our estimation, raised it above its usual standard. Your College Notes” contain matter of especial interest, for it is from this to a certain extent that we derive our conclusions as to the character and spirit prevailing at your institution. Your cuts were probabljr the most noteworthy feature of your magazine and were appreciated by us beyond measure.

We were glad to note the new cover in the last edition of the “Specta­ tor, Coffeyville, Kansas, but were not a little disappointed at finding the entire literary department composed of but one short storj7. Your paper is

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still young and you are the ones whose duty it is to establish a good ex­ ample for your successors.

The “Wallace World,” Nashville, Tenn., contains several good recommendable stories. Though the cut at the head of your exchange column is novel, the “forty-two criticisms” which more deservedly should have been termed ecomiums indicates an editor just a trifle too propitious.

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LOCALS

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Locals.

—Two couples, consisting of N. W. U. students, made a trip to Pipersvill on the ice January 25.

—Mr. Herm. Koch from Stanton, Neb., called on Phil. Lehmann, *io, Janu­ ary 25.

—Chas. Krcnzke, brother-in-law of the Berg brothers, called on the latter and accompanied the elder Berg, who had just recovered from an attack of pneumonia, to his home.

—Phil. Lehmann, ’10, and H. Zutz, ’n, made a trip to Ixonia February 1 to call on Mr. J. Winter.

—The professors Pieper and Koehler, from the Seminary, attended the funeral of Mrs. Prof. A. F. Ernst..

—Paul Bergmann, ’09, was elected football manager for the next season, with R. Ziesemer, ’10, as his assistant.

—Sig. Probst, ’09, has been filling the position of school-teacher at the local Lutheran parochial school since the 3d of February.

—Herm. Muenkel from Caledonia, Minn., a former member of the present Sophomore class, paid Carl Brickmann, *09, a visit on February 3.

—Mrs. F. Hensel paid her sons a visit on February 2.

—Fritz Stern, a graduate of ’07, called on Watertown friends February 9.

—John Schaefer, ’08, was suddenly called away to the sick bed of his father February 9.

—Herb. Zutz, ’ll, and Walter Pankow paid the latter’s brother a visit February 8.

—Miss Alice Zeisler from La Crosse, Wis., called on her brothers, Paul, *09, and Leonard, ’10, February 10.

—A sleigh-riding party, consisting chiefly of N. W. U. students of both sexes, were pleasantly entertained by Mr. and Mrs. Fred Tietz, near Ixonia, on February 9. The weather being all that could be wished for, this party may be said to have been a perfect success.

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Vesuvius E,rup?s.

One day it snowed. When there is snow on the ground many people

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travel in sleighs. One. bright young brain in the Vesuvius Society put these two things together, and after much deliberation and deep thought he got an idea—he gets one once in a while. Why should not the society have a sleigh-ride in cor pore? The motion was made, a quick second fol­ lowed, thunders of “ayes” brought forth a triumphant “carried” from IT--nz, our esteemed president. (N. B.—The society has since been plunged into deep mourning because of said president’s resignation. The responsibility was a little bit too much for IT.) After some electioneering and “politics,” sleighs were procured and committees appointed.

At last the hour for departure arrived, and thirty young men on pleasure bent, with stocking-caps above, heavy shoes and leggings below, and all descriptions of warm clothing between, deposited themselves comfortably on one foot or in some equally easy position, just as they landed, in two cracker-boxes on runners. “This is what I call comfort,” said Zeis, bal­ ancing himself on one ear on the edge of the sleigh as the horses gave a jerk.. We were just becoming reconciled to the position of a canned sar­ dine, when a gruff voice from the driver’s seat called out the cheery invi­ tation: “All hands get off and push.” We pushed, walked, fell down, got up and pushed some more through drifts up to our middles until we got four miles out of town. There we stood, “waiting at the church,” and at last decided to send the poor horses back to W. and walk the remaining distance to the city of Johnson’s Creek. This plan was suggested by some of the more lazy members, who selfishly thought we might have to carry the “nags” back if we drove them any farther.

Now began, as sentimental Pips expressed it, Napoleon’s march through Russia. (Imaginative Heinz conceived it as being more nearly equal to Valley Forge.) Suffice it to say that in a long line and single file we walked, fell, floundered, even ran and rolled, on and on and on for an interminable distance, using every known means of locomotion except flying or riding in any form, until at last we reached the sheltering wjalls of the city.

After numerous purchases of dry hosiery and other things came— supper. Here the points of interest, i. e. potatoes, meat, etc., passed by so quickly that it was a sheer impossibility to record them.

Notes.

—Can anyone recollect this scene? Thirty bent forms with set teeth, fists clenched and eyes set fixedly on a wide expanse of white, swept by curling gray clouds of fine snow and seeming to end only in the black, cold clouds through which a sickly sun cast its feeble rays to make the scene still more dreary. Add to this the thought uppermost in your mind: “Pll follow the leader and stick to it till I drop.

—Again: On the crest of this hill another dreary waste covered with snow on which there lay a thin icy crust, and in the distance some forms taking it easy on the railroad track and calling, “Come on, fellows, it’s fine here.”

In answer a disgusted, “Oh, shut up, don’t rub it in.”

—On the day after, K1 - - ny walked half way back to look for some table

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manners of whose loss a waitress informed him. Can you blame him for dropping them somewhere on that march?

—Ask Mops to sing the little song with which he favored a few members of the society on the Creek depot platform.

—Dutchy (after supper) : “I’m just happy.”

—Gallus and P - - p said they would rather take a trip all the way to Europe than go to the Creek again.

—Zelly’s stone-road gait—a cross between two unknown “hikes.”

—About an hour after supper, Fatty Felix came plodding along, lifting each foot as though he were walking in a foot of molasses on a January day. “Are the other fellows here already?” he said.

—“That’s all right, Restless.”

Anon.

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CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM —Sleigh-rides I —Stuck! Six feet of snow—eighty wet feet—four pairs of faded pants— Johnson’s Creek at last! B-r-r-r!

—Rill kann zweihundert Verse skandieren auf einem Fusse stehend.

—Of which Horn may it be truly said: Faenum habet in cornu, longe fuge?

—Somebody (in a composition): There was a hereditary disease in the family.

—Prof.: What is the study of insects called?

Sextaner: Bughouse.

—Pete: Do you always shave only on one side ?

K-t-r: Yes. only on the outside.

—Twin: Who are your best friends?

T. J.: Greek and Latin ponies, for a friend in need is a friend indeed.

—Prof.: Was fur ein Satz ist das, „Wer Pech angreift, besudelt sich”?

Ouartener: Ein Pechsatz.

—Prep.: We bought some goldfish today.

Henkel: I whack some. Are they smoked or fried ?

—Prof.: What two kinds of coast lines are there as to form?

V-gt: Wet and dry.

—Sextaner: Der dumme Esel stand vor einem hohen Berg und sah ins tiefe Tal hinunter.

—Prof.: Was suchst du hier ohne Buch ?

Z-b-1: Weisheit.

—Prof.: Was hat Plato sich in Athen angeignet?

Twin: Eine Frau.

Therefore Zei likes Pussy.

Zei likes fudges.

—Pussy S. is a good hand at making fudges.

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—Mops is sporting a different tie and pair of cuffs every day. What’s the idea ?

—Joe claims his appetite is fast failing him. According to that the prices on potatoes, meat and other eatables ought to be falling soon.

—Sarto always appreciated a large library, but after he found his books on the floor one fine morning he has changed his views on the matter.

—Zei: We just got through shopping.

Tubby: No, you mean shotting.

—The progress of the work on our prospective street car seems to interest G—th-r quite a little. Every day one can see him walk out into the coun­ try to watch them build. He says the line will greatly cut down the ex­ penses of his proposed baseball trip, but can that be his only reason for trying to hasten its completion ? Ed. F. too is awaiting the moment when the first car shall heave into sight, but his anxiety is of a different nature.

As everybody knows, he hails from a famous little burg in our neighbor­ hood where such a thing as a street car is an unknown quantity. Every time an automobile passes through that metropolis the mayor and a brass band accompany it from one end of the city to the other. This explains why Ed. is so anxious about the arrival of the first street car—he has never seen any. One of our seven sages claims that is the reason why he is occasionally off his trolley.

—Callus received strict orders to develop his musical talents, and they must have come from some quarter where he minds pretty well. He and his piccolo are one and inseparable.

—The following equation appeared on a blackboard of the recitation hall: Wm. L-mp—t = — 9 V 3. We always took him to be quite a complicated piece of humanity, but this exceeds our wildest expectations.

—Bones got a raise. He now lays claim to the title “Uncle,” and will con­ sider it an insult if addressed otherwise.

—Although this is not the season for hunting skunks, we hear that one of these offenders of the olfactory nerves was drowned out of its hole by a few brave hunters.

—Edgar has been developing his vocal organs of late. Daily one can hear his deep, manly voice going through all the possible musical discords.

He is especially noted for his deep range of voice. When he strikes one of his low notes all the windows in that part of the building begin to rattle, and it is said that one has even been broken. The higher notes give him more trouble, and it was not until after much practice that he succeeded in reaching F. But when he finally was successful he became so enthusiastic that he ran up and down the halls crying: Eureka! eureka!

He will make his debut at the next smoking meeting. All are invited.

—Louis B—o claims he had an operation performed under croquet (cocaine).

—Lost! A pair of nightcaps. Anybody knowing of their whereabouts will please report to S. Bros. The caps are of great historic interest, having been handed down in the family for several generations.

—Fl-s-y (in a synopsis): He walked around on horseback.

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—The following are the latest publications of the month: “Printing as an Art,” by Dolly. The writer is an authority on this sub­ ject, having had a vast amount of experience.

“Sarcasm a Vice or Virtue,” by H. Koch.

“Take It as a Shoke,” a poem, by Bill Russico. This is an original com­ position and full of wit. It shows him at his best, and everybody who knows him will understand what this means.

“Fatigued,” a lyric poem, by Spitz. This is truly a pathetic production fit to move the hardest hearts to tears. Let everyone judge for himself.

How to Blow Rings,” by Heinz. A scientific treatise on the subject by the worthy ex-president.

“Happy and I,” an idyl, by Yip. Some truly poetical depictions occur in this pastoral poem.

Sole agents for these books are B-ck & Humbock.

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Have Naturally Balanced Proportlonsm Fit right all over. Weight of body distributed normally along axis of sole.

Linings molded to lasts — cannot wrinkle—no corns, no aching soles. Retain original shape until worn out.

WM. GORDER CO. 606-608 Main St.

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DR. E. J. HOERMANN DEINTIST Crown, Bridge and Porcelain Work a Specialty 106 First Street

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Phone No. 258

John C. Gruel BOWLING ALLEYS

302 = 204 Madison Street I

Telephone 211-y

A Choice L,ine of Cigars Watertown, Wisconsin

W. D. SPROESSER & CO. TEWELERS

PIANOS AND ORGANS 213 Main Street

Telephone No. 259-y WATERTOWN, WISCONSIN

For the Personal Consideration of the Lovers of

GOOD

"

MUELLER

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CANDIES

LIEDTKE

FANCY AND STAPLE GROCERIES

The Best That’s Been at

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Fruits, Cigars and Tobacco

BAUMANN'S

The Most Complete Line of

PIES, CAKES, Etc

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in the city at Ice Cream Parlor in Connection.

The Best of Everything in Frozen Dainties. Let Us Serve You.

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Wl. KRAMER

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114 W. Main and 210 North Second Tel. 155-x snd 641

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212 West Main Opposite Public Library

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GAME’S CORNER PRIIG STORE Main and First Strret9 Headquoaters for So\ivei\ir PostaJ Cards Drugs, Medicines, Toilet Soaps, Cigars and Tobacco Prescriptions a Specialty

K.

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(Arrow Clapcco Shrank Quarter Size Collar 15 cents each: 2 for 25 cents CLUETT, PKABODY & CO. MaVcra of Claott and Monarch Shirts

A Prosperous Business since adver­

We all Know When You Want a Good Dish of

tising in the Black and Red

ICE CREAM, HIGH GRADE CHOCOLATES AND PAN CANDIES

Slug’s Shoe Store

wsmt^ssmss^sssswssssssssssm 309 Main St.,

Fine Repairing

Watertown, Wis.

You will be served promptly at

RADTKE & SOIN, 107 WEST MAIN STREET.

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IF YOU WANT FIRST-CLASS AND SATISFACTORY

Photos

...GO TO...

Watertown Photo Co., DONNER GALLERY Special Rates made to Students.

The Largest Assortments of

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Pocket Knives, Razors, Razor Straps, Shaving Brushes, Sporting Goods To Be Had in the City.

Call and See Us.

TheNew Spring Hats FOR MEN ARE IN All the New Shapes and Colors in Stiff and Soft Hats. A splen­ did line. In two grades.

The Emko, $2.00 The Mora, $3.00 Ask to see these new arri­ vals in the Clothing De­ partment — Second Floor.

Sbempf Bros. Co. CIk Big Cash Store Bigger and Better Than Ever.

D. & F. KUSEL CO. DR. T. F. SHINNICK Offce Hours, 9 to 11 a. m. 2 to 4 and 7 to 8 p. m.

Office 115 MAIN Phone 89-x Residence, 208 N. 5th St. Phone 273-x.

SHABBY CLOTHES Dyed at the Milwaukee Nov­ elty Dye works look like new

Naw Method Laundry HAS THE AGENCY 218 First Street

Watertown, Wis.

Base Ball Supplies Foot Ball Supplies Tennis Goods Croquet Sets Boxing Gloves Punching Bags

SPORTING GOODS HEADQUARTERS

WM. G. PRITZLAFF 8 GO. 307 Main St.,

Watertown

Indian Clubs Dumb Bells Lawn Swings Hammocks Fishing Tackle Guns and Ammunition

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Phone your Drug “ttSants”

to Do. 196 « « «

ttl. fi. meyne Drug Co. Che TtaMaPZ Store Gj) h-».-aM>r.l.-a

Cole Block

The August Gamm

Crockery and Glassware Co. Cor. Main and N. Fourth Sts.

Watertown, Wis.

Main Street

Salick & Son Rjsmember Jos. Jewelers and Opticians We keep the best line of CALIFORNIA FRUIT ...Cigars and Tobacco...

Special Attention is given to testing Eyes and Fitting of Glasses.

Base Ball and Sporting Goods

6. fierro § Son 210 .Main Street

The Largest Assortment of

KodacRs and Photographic Sup­ plies at KN1CK BROS. H5 Third St.

Watertown, Wis.

i and 3 Main Street.

Watertown, Wis.

F. W. KURZWEG DEALER IN

Fine Boots, Shoes and Rubbers

Greatest Cigar Values a Money

Please Give Us a Trial.

We Try to Give Satisfaction.

Modern Flora JOc—Latest Out 5c

402 Main Street.

A Good Po.tr Th»vt*s Hs^rd to Foo.t

Wicgenhorn Bros. Co., Mothers

OTTO HE YIN BIBLES, SONG BOOKS, CHURCH GOODS IN GENERAL. School Supplies a Specialty. *400 Alain Street.

A. Wiggenhorn & Son JEWE.LER.S Official Watch Inspector for the C., M. & St. P. Ry. Co. Wisconsin Watertown,

JIEDECKE \ Gift?

DEALERS IN

Fruits, Staple and Fancy Groceries.

All goods delivered promptly to all parts of the city free of charge.

For Style, Fit and Economy Wear

Leo Ruesch’s Shoes

WE ARE RECEIVING shipments every day of new goods in every department for Spring 1908. x In

21« MAIN STREET.

Mens’

H. C. REICHERT TEACHER. OF

Violin. Piano and Harmony Studio 109 Main St. Third Floor, Above Hertel & Hoffmanns Clothing Store

Young Mens’

SUITS we will show certain ex­ clusive patterns and styles

R. Q. KECK & CO.

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designed especially for 11s.

These will have all the the ear-marks of newness such as dip-front coat and vest peg-top trousers with three and one half inch turn-up bottom in all the latest shades of Tans and Ele­ phant brown. In our Hat

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department we will show some very extreme college Watertown’s Big Furniture Store 110-112 Main Street Watertown, Wisconsin

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For the best Photos GO TO

Jit OJriglrt’s Ground floor gallery.

REMEMBER quality remains after price is forgotten.

shapes. Our styles for the Spring of 1908 will excell anything we have here-tofore shown. Do not fail to look us over.

WEGEMANN, FABER-KAERCHER GO. Watertown,

Wisconsin

Established i$54

Bank of IDatertown Capital, $!?o.ooo Schlueter Bros'.

Insure >onr buildings and contents lu good strong companies, repre­ sented by

FRED W. GAMM, WATERTOWN. WIS.

Nowack & Kohls

MERCHANT lO

CENT CIGAR AND

ARC

LEAD

5C CIGAR

THEM

ALL.

105 Main St. Watertown, Wis.

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OEAIiKR IN

“S?? FURNITURE !

Undertakers A”d Embalm© rs

H07-609 Main St.

Watertewn, Wis.

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Do you (Cant

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SEAGER’S Karber Shop and Oatb Kooms 108 MAIN STREET

J. C. SEAGER. Prop,

FRUIT

^ of all kinds in V Season. Good things to eat.

Special prices on Oranges at present,

JOHN E. HEISMANN 116 Main Street.

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’Phone 62.

aamaaaatmfxemiBa

Ken H.R.ieck new east end Barbershop Gorder Block.

PROPRIETOR OF THE

Students! C* Haircuts for §1.00 604 Main Street 1 WATERTOWN,

WISCONSIN.

A GOOD JOB? The Daily Leader JOB DEPARTMENT Can give you such. We are prepared at all times to fur­ nish estimates on Letter Heads Envelopes Bill Heads Statements Hangers Folders Announcements, Etc, ’Phone No. 310-x

Che Daily Leader 108 Plain Street

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THE C. G. CONN CO. WONDER BAND ORCHESTRA AND SOLO INSTRUMENTS Are Unrivalled for TONE, TUNE ACTION, MODELS, MECHANISM, and have the Endorsement of the Great Bandmasters and Musical artists of the world. The only Perfect Instruments made for either Professional or Amateur Players. They meet the most exacting requirements.

For Illustrated Catalogue giving description of instru­ ments, with prices and terms of payment, address

C. G. CONN COMPANY, Elkhart, Ind. COLLEGE HI CLASS PENANTS,

QUIN SPORTING GOODS CO.

Made loonier in special designs.

Prices quoted upon request.

Milwaukee. Wis. ...MAKERS OF...

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Che Black and Red. Volume XI.

Watertown, Wisconsin, March, 1908.

Number 10

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LITERARY

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Lvither’s Lebensendo und Tod MARTIN WAGNER, ’08.

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Unermudlicli und olinc Unterlass wirkte Dr. Martin Luther bis an sein Lebensende fiir das Evangelium und fiir die Reformation der Kirche. Wie schon sein Lcbcn von seiner fruhesten Kindheit an ein stetes und unablassiges Wirken gewesen war, so war auch besonders sein letztes Lebensjahr von Miihe und Arbeit voll. Denn iiberall, sowohl in der Kirche wie auch in dem Staate, bedurftc man seines Rates und seines Beistandes. So musste er dennocli, wiewohl er alt, rniide und krank war und sich nach der wohlverdienten Ruhe sehnte, unter den grossten Miihsalen und Beschwerden seine letzten Krafte dem allgemeinen Wohlte aufopfern; was er jedoch auch von Herzen gern tat.

Bis zu seinen letzten Ferien hatte er seine Vorlesungen noch gehalten, und zuletzt die fiber das erste Buch Mose, die er mit den Worten beschloss: ..Dies ist nun unscrc liebe Genesis. Unser Herr Gott gebe, dass man’s nach mir besser mache. Ich komm nicht mehr, ich bin schwach; bittet Gott fur mich, dass er mir ein gutes, seliges Stundlein verleihe." Er spiirte wohl, dass dies seine letzte Vorlesung sin werde, wie er sich uberhaupt in dieser Zeit besonders mit Todesgedanken und Gedanken der Ewigkeit beschaftigte.

In einem Briefe nannte er sich jetzt „alt, abgelebt, trage, rniide, kalt und nun gar cinaugig.“ Er war nun unter den vielen Sorgen und Miihsalen, die ihm seine Kiimpfe fiir das Evangelium bereitet hatten, alt, schwach und krank geworden, und sehnte sich nach der ewigen Ruhe und Seligkeit und sagte wohl auch, dass er sich nun in den Sarg schlafen legen wolle. Aber dennoch, als die Aufforderung an ihn erging, nach Eisleben zu kommen, um die Streitigkeiten der Mansfelder Grafen schlichten zu helfen, folgte er der Einladung willig und gern. Denn er durfte nun nochmals seine Vaterstadt und seine alten Freunde und Verwandten besuchen und durfte zur selben Zeit hoffen, seinem Vaterlande und seinen lieben Landesherren einen letzten Liebensdienst zu tun.

Nachdem der Reformator schon am 20. Januar von seinen Freunden, Melanchthon, Cruciger und Bugenhagen, Abschied genommen und sie noch­ mals ernstlich ermahnt hatte sie mochten doch dem Evangelium Gottes

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treu bleiben; sagte er dann auch am 23., den Seinigen ein letztes Lebewohl und brach nun nach seiner Vaterstadt Eisleben auf. Seine drei Sohne, Mar­ tin, Hans und Paul, begleiteten ihn. Von Halle aus, wo sie wegen einer Ueberschwemmung drei Tage lang aufgehalten wurden, reiste auch Jonas mit ihnen, und von der Grenze des mansfeldischen Gebietes an bis nach Eis­ leben fiihrte sie dann ein grafliches Ehrengeleite. Kurz vor Eisleben aber erkrankte Luther, der sein schon so schweres Leiden durch eine Erkaltung verschlimmert hatte, sehr schwer, und man furchtete schon fiir sein Lebcn.

Aber nachdem man ihn in der Herberge mit warmen Tiichern gerieben hatte, erholte er sich so, dass er am folgenden Morgen schon an der Versammlung teilnehmen konnte. Die Versammlungen, die nun in den naclisten Tagen stattfanden, brachten Luther viel Verdruss, Kummer und Anstrengung, und es schien, als oh der leidige Teufel auch hier seine Hand im Spiele babe und jeden guten Erfolg verhinderte. Doch durfte sich Luther schliesslich liber den guten Ausgang freuen, denn Gott hatte sein Bitten und Flehen erhort. Die meisten Punkte waren nun bald ausgeglichen; die Briider nahmen seine Mahnung an und vertrugen sich.

Luther hatte sich hier zu Eisleben bei einem von friiher her bekanntcn und befreundeten Stadtschreiber, Johann Albrecht, einc(uartiert, dcr ihm jegliche Pflege, die der alte, kranke Mann bedurfte, zu teil werden Hess. Trotz seiner schweren Krankheit und der heftigen Anfalle von Beklemmung der Brust, war er dennoch recht heiter und vergniigt; er scherzte und war frohlich. Er ass und trank mittags und abends noch ziemlich wohl und riihmte, wie es ihm im Vaterlande wohlschmecke. An seine Gattin schrieb er: „Wir haben hie zu essen und zu trinken als die Herren, und man wartet unser schon und allzu schon, dass wir euer wohl vergessen mochten zu Wittenberg."

Wahrend seines Aufenthaltes zu Eisleben predigte er noch viermal. Drei Tage vor seinem Tode bestieg er die Kanzel zum letzten Mai und predigte iiber Matth. II., 25-30. Doch wurde er plotzlich so sehwach, dass er wohl friiher, als er es gewollte hatte, abbrechen musste. Er schloss dann mit den Worten: „Das und viel mehr ware von diesem Evangelium weiter zu sagen, aber ich bin zu schwach, wir wollen es dabei bewenden lassen."

Sein Zustand verschlimmerte sich jetzt recht schnell, und er eilte dem Tode entgegen. Er selbst hoffte wohl noch, nach Wittenberg zu den Seini­ gen heimzukehren, aber alsdann, wenn er nach Wittenberg zuriickgekommen sei, wolle er sich in den Sarg zur Ruhe legen. Doch sein Gott und Vater im Himmel, zu dem er alle Tage so inbriinstig betete, hatte er anders beschlossen. Er wollte seinen Diener schon jetzt und hier zu Eisleben, seiner Vaterstadt, aus aller Not und Triibsal befreien und ihm von allem Uebel erlosen. Bis zum 17. Februar hatte er den Versammlungen noch beigewohnt, aber an diesem Tage verlies er sein Zimmer nicht mehr, sondern blieb auf seinem Stiiblein, bald auf einem Ruhebett liegend, bald auf- und abgehend. Todesgedanken und Gedanken der Ewigkeit bewegtten sein Herz. Er spiirte wie sich die Erlosung nahte und sagte nun zu seinen Freunden: „Ich bin hier zu Eisleben getauft, wie wenn ich hier bleiben sollte ?“

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Am Abend, nachdem er bei Tische noch ganz heiter und frohlich gewcsen war, ging er dann in sein Stiiblein, urn, wifl er gewohnt war zu tun, zu seinem Gott zu beten. Er spiirte jetzt wieder heftigere Schmerzen und eine schwere Beklemmung der Brust. Man rieb ihn wieder mit Tuchern, und bald verfiel er in einen leichten, sanften Schlaf. Aber nach einer Stunde wieder erwachte und seine Sohne, Martin und Paul, und mit ihnen auch Jonas, Colins und Rutfeld neben seinem Lager erblickte, bat er sie: , ,Betet fur unscrn Herr Gott und sein Evangelium, dass es ihm wohl gehe; denn das Konzilium zu Trent und der leidige Papst ziirnen hart mit ihm.“ Hierauf legte er sicli zu Bett und schlief ruhig bis nach Mitternacht. Unterdessen waren vicle Freunde herbeigeeilt, und als er nun wieder erwachte, suchten sie ihn mit allerlei Mitteln zu starken; er aber rief laut; „Lieber Gott, mir ist sehr well und angst, ich fahre dahin.“ Dann began er immer heftiger zu beten: „Wir haben einen Gott, der da hilft, und den Herrn Herm, der vom Tode crettct.“ Dann betcte er noch viele andere Spriiche und endlich dreimal schnell nacheinander: „Vater, in Deine Hande befehle ich meinen Geist, Du liasst mich crloset, Du getreuer Gott.“ Darnach wurde er ruhiger, fast ganz stillc. Doch als Jonas und Colin’s ihn fragten: „Ehrwurdiger Vater, wollt ihr auf Christum und die Lehre, wie Ihr gepredigt, bestandig bleiben?" antwortete er ein deutlich horbares „Ja.“ Nach diesem Bekenntnis wandte er sicli auf seine rechte Seite und fing an zu schlafen.' Bald aber erbleichte er: seine Fiisse und Nase wurden kalt; und mit einem tiefen, aber sanften Atcmholen gab er seinen Geist auf.

Dcr grosse Mann Goltes hattc seinen Kampf gekampfet und seinen Lauf vollendct, und nun war ihm beigelegt die Krone der Gerechtigkeit. Mit Recht konnten die tief betriibten und geschlagcnen Herzen, die um ihren lichen entschlafenen Vater trauerten, zu ihrem Troste beten: „Wer mein Wort halt, dcr wird den Tod nicht sehen ewiglich.“ An ihm war das Wort wahr geworden: „Selig sind die Toten, die in dem Herrn sterben, von nun an. Ja, dcr Geist spricht, dass sie ruhen von ihrer Arbeit, denn ihre Werke folgen ihnen nach.“ Er war nicht gestorben, sondern nach dem Willen seines Vaters fein, sanft und stille entschlafen zur seligen Ruhe des Gliiubigen, bis ihm einst der Posaunenschall der gottlichen Heerschaaren aufwecken sollten zum ewigen Leben. Was er einst selbst gedichtet, war nun erfiillet. Von ihm hiess es: „Mit Fried und Freud fahr ich dahin In Gottes Wille; Getrost ist mir mein ITerz und Sinn, Sanft und stille; Wie Gott mir verheissen hat, Der Tod ist mein Schlaf worden/* Am 20. Februar wurde die Leiche, nachdem tags zuvor in der St. Andreaskirche ein Trauergottesdienst stattgefunden hatte, nach Wittenberg ubergefiihrt. Am 19., war hier die Nachricht vom Heimgang des lieben Vater’s Luther angelangt, und tiefe Trauer lagerte fiber der ganzen Stadt.

Nachdem nun am 22. die Leiche beim Elstertore angelangt war, bewegte

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sich ein langer Trauerzug von dort direckt zur Schlosskirche. Bugenhagen bestieg dann die Kanzel und predigte fiber Tess. 4, 13 ft*. Dann widmete Melanchton, der langjahrige Freund Luthers, diesem einen letzten Nachruf, indem er in lateinischer Sprache iiber die Wirksamkeit und den Segen, der auf der Arbeit des entschlafenen Vaters lag, redete.

Hierauf wurde die Leiche nahe der Kanzel der Kirche, an deren Tiir er einst die 95 Thesen geschlagen liatte, die Rom und die gauze damaligc Welt in ihrem Fundamente erschutterten, und deren Wirkung heute nocli der Welt zum Segen gereicht, zur letzten Ruhe ins Grab gesenket. Iiier hat sie dann auch, wiewohl die geschaftige Legende viele verschiedene Geriichte verbreitet hat, eine ungestorte Ruhestatte gefunden. Denn after Zweifel, oh sich die Leiche wirklicli in deni Grabe befinde, ist durch eine Untersuchung des Grabes am 14. Februar 1892, bei der der morsche Sarg und die darin regelrecht gelegten und nocli ziemlich gut erhaltenen Gebeine Luthers wirklich vorgefunden wurden, ganzlich aufgehoben.

4 * * * The Real Chinese Question E. E. Kowalke, ’08.

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What shaft be done with China? is the question being asked by the great world powers, especially European, and strange to say with no thought or consideration of the country most concerned—China itself.

Small wonder that Emperor William pictured in striking form the great yellow peril and that the more timid are already fearing a great invasion of western countries by a mad, yellow horde. The fact is that many of these rumors and fears are unfounded; and what danger there is, is the direct result of the cupidity of the great Christian nations of Europe. These deserve any punishment the Celestial Empire could inflict upon them for immeasurable wrongs heaped upon the Chinese people and for well-nigh ruining a large percentage of the population.

The extreme hatred for foreigners and for aft things foreign is perhaps the cause of many serious mistakes and of the misconception of the Chinese character, which is so general. This hatred is not the result of a natural perverseness and of national bad temper, but it was engendered directly by merchants and representatives of foreign powers, who seemed to consider the Chinaman in the light of an inferior species of animal; who robbed, plundered, and killed the defenseless inhabitants in a manner that should put a Christian country to shame, but still was sanctioned and even encour­ aged by the Christian rulers. This just hatred is being made still greater by the infamous actions of the great European powers, who are squabbling for land and for a foothold in China, regardless of Emperor and of the ancient rights of the Chinese people. It is this that invariably arouses a Chinaman, for he will stubbornly, furiously resent any attempt to infringe on his rights, although he will as a rule willingly grant many things, harm­ ful to himself and his interests if one beg them as a favor. There are many examples near at hand which show by what means the Chinese have been actually forced to hate the foreigners.

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The Portuguese began by seizing a portion of land in southern China and engaging in the infamous coolie trade, the French followed by swallow­ ing another slice, Great Britain heaped one insult after the other on the government and also quietly took possession of a portion of land, all of which served only to enrage the people and those in office, who were power­ less to resist. The Chinese are not lethargic, incapable or indifferent, as their good nature may make them seem, but they are at once the slowest and the most rapid people in the world. When such liberties are taken with their ancient, inalienable rights, an uprising occurs with remarkable quick­ ness and fierceness.

Another means of increasing this hatred is the propensity of Western nations to give the Chinese advice concerning the better government of their own country, and concerning the introduction of new machines and of modern methods of education. The Chinese consider themselves perfectly capable of conducting their own government and resent such advice, al­ though they absorb it all and separate with keen judgment the good from the bad for future use. Labor-saving devices are held in China by laborers and government officers to be the greatest evil, at least in one respect, that the country could adopt; for it has already become a problem to employ the 400,000,000 men, women and children, between whom and starvation there lie only the few cents of their daily earnings. Hence, any device by means of which one man could do the work of ten would mean that the other nine must starve. Surely one cannot blame the Chinaman for resenting the attempts of foreign merchants to introduce silk filatures, railroads and other inventions into a country so greatly in need of labor.

It is another and very influential class of people whose enmity is aroused bv repeated attempts to establish a more modern form of education in China.

This class is the literati or scholars of the empire, who fill all the govern­ ment positions except that of emperor; who are employed as scribes, doc­ tors, teachers, story-tellers, fortune-tellers and as nearly everything else except as merchants and laborers: for the scholar, being the highest on the social ladder, is not allowed to work or to soil his hands with trade, which is considered to be the lowest occupation socially in China. Since all judi­ cial cases are settled by precedent, there are no lawyers. The literati num­ ber many millions. Since the offices are already over-stocked, the country is filled with unemployed literati, malcontents ever on the lookout to oust an officer from his position, the most dangerous class of people in China and naturally opposed to any innovation in the form of modern education; for that would cost them their position, socially and politically, whose learning consists only in an immense deal of superstition and the theories of Con­ fucius. This form of education has an unusual effect on the Chinaman.

He is docile, well-behaved and at the same time stubborn; easily led, but as hard to drive as a mule. The most absurd superstition is often com­ mingled with logical reasoning and far-seeing, broad-minded statesmanship.

This form of education has "been in force for twenty-five centuries, and although it may have been far better than what any nation had at the time,

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the country has outgrown it and it is entirely inadequate for modern needs and uses.

As inadequate as the education is for their proper government, so are the army and navy in no way equal to the task of maintaining order in these vast dominions and of defending the country against the nations that are becoming more and more aggressive. The Chinese have been found to be excellent soldiers when trained at all, but the only really efficient bodies of armed men to be found are at the more important points on the sea coast.

The soldiers found in the interior are poorly clothed and still more poorly paid; their arms consist in all styles of weapons from bows and arrows, to the most modern rifles; they are trained more to assume a threatening attitude than to shoot well. Corruption, lack of capable officers and train­ ing, and the almost general use of opium make this army well-nigh useless, although China is able to put 60,000,000 men in the field. Before 1862 she had no navy whatever.

It is by no means only the army that is harmed and made doubly in­ efficient by the opium curse, but in every class, from highest officials and priests down to the poorest laborer, one can see the dreadful havoc wrought by this drug on body and mind. The opium face is in evidence in every part of China and it is impossible to travel there without coming in personal contact with the fumes and the drug itself. The habit has such a hold on the victim that, when the time for the dose is at hand, he falls in a limp mass, too weak to move until! the pipe restores him for a time into a seem­ ingly strong and healthy man. So great is the desire and the inability to resist that, to obtain the drug, priests have been known to sell the silver gods from the temples and men to sell wife, children and home. To rid oneself of the habit is almost as bad as to continue; for in some cases the victim dies soon after he discontinues the habit, in others he lives, but is a hopeless invalid for life.

This drug, the greatest curse to China’s people, institutions, govern­ ment, and morals, was not originally a native production, but was intro­ duced by Great Britain from India in 1773. It brought such immense profits to the East India Company and later to the English government that the trade was prosecuted with increasing magnitude each year, although the laws forbade the importation of opium into China and imposed a heavy penalty upon any one engaged in smuggling the drug into the country.

Still Great Britain, renowned for integrity, ignored China’s laws and con­ tinued to poison whole China and destroy the virility and all the good to be found in these people, their own fellowmen. When China with perfect right destroyed 2,500,000 pounds of opium in Canton harbor, England im­ mediately sent soldiers and ships to the scene and provoked the “Opium War” (1834), through which she obtained by treaty $21,000,000 indemnity, the island cf Hong Kong, and the legalization of the opium traffic. Since that time China has imported in a single year $64,000,000 worth of opium, while in the same year her entire exports, including tea and silk, amounted to only $105,000,000. England reaps the benefit of this trade and conse­ quently does all in her power to enlarge it.

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England’s success in this line aroused the cupidity of other nations until we have the present situation—five nations squabbling over, imposing upon, and systematically robbing, an entire nation. But that these nations cannot be satisfied in their desire to divide China to the satisfaction of each power is evident, for there are no natural lines of cleavage in the entire country.

These 400 millions are one solid mass, permeated with a central idea of patriotism and with love for their country, for which they will fight to the last ditch, not to conquer other countries, but to remain unmolested in China. To be fair, one mut not put all the blame on foreigners; for the Chinese are known as exceedingly tricky and the rankest corruption runs through all classes. The taxes, the army, and all public works offer ex­ amples of the most shameless bribery and corruption. The United States legation offered a Chinese contractor $600 (Mexican) to repair a sewer before their quarters. The offer was accepted, but instead the legation decided to turn the job over to the Chinese authorities, who completed it, but at the immense cost of $50,000 (Mexican). And this immense sum was paid for the same piece of work for which the United States would have paid $600.

The Chinese have a multitude of failings, but the entire nation must not be judged by the few emigrants we know; for these come from the very lowest classes and the real Chinaman is educated—he is a man with a future and is bound to rise. # * 4 * *

A Martyr to His Faith Edgar Guenther, ’08.

While the Reformation was spreading over the remaining countries of Europe with the rapidity of wild fire and augmenting its ranks with repre­ sentatives from every station of life, one nation remained immune against any efforts made by the adherents of the new faith to plant its seeds within her boundary. Inoculated with a spirit of conservatism that has ever char­ acterized her. Spain remained throughout the Reformation the unconquer­ able stronghold of Catholicism. With the religious unity of her subjects secured within, it proved comparatively easy to insure them against any disharmonizing influences from without. The importation of books that might have even the faintest bearing on the ideas of Luther was strictly prohibited. Some of his works that managed to escape the vigilance of the officials were publicly burned on the market place of San Sebastian—a fate that any mortal would also have shared who might have dared to pro­ fess his conversion to the doctrines expounded by the heretic monk of Wittenberg.

Yet jealously though the church might guard her subjects while they were yet immediately within her fold, her influence ceased over those who chanced to wander beyond the pale of their native country. As children who have escaped the bonds of an overbearing step-parent are prone to

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follow the dictates of their instint, so many who for any reason chanced to leave Iberia hastened to join the ranks of Luther and Calvin.

One of the more zealous among these was Juan Diaz, who after having received the necessary preparation in Spain, spent thirteen years at the University of Paris. Here he devoted himself to the study of theology, to the scholastic system of Thomas Aquinas with its endless Aristotelian dia­ lectics and to the evangelical doctrines of Luther and Melanchton, which latter finally caused his conversion. In the beginning of the year 1545 he left Paris for Geneva, where he spent some months in intercourse with Calvin, who was greatly impressed with noble bearing of the young Spaniard. After enjoying for some time the hospitality of his friends, Louis and Claude de Senarclens, on their estate not far from Rolle, on the lake of Geneva, he proceeded in company with the two brothers to Germany and finally settled down at Strassburg. His candor and dignified behavior soon won him the hearts of all and prompted the authorities to appoint him second deputy to Martin Bucer, Strassburg’s representative at the Colloquy at Ratisbon. Here the Spaniard Peter Malvenda, the papal defensor for this Colloquium, shocked at the conversion of his former friend, made numerous but fruitless efforts to lead him back into the folds of the church.

Noting the fruitlessness of his exhortations, Malvenda reported to the con­ fessor of the Emperor, through whom the news was indirectly brought to Rome. Thus Alfonso Diaz, who was there occupied at the law court of the Rota, was apprised of what his brother was then doing. Without a mo­ ment’s delay he hurried to Ratisbon, accompanied bv a man who had acted as executioner, to remove the disgrace which Juan’s course had brought upon the family.

In the meantime the disputation had been cut short and Diaz had left Ratisbon. Alfonso, after a secret conference with Malvenda, managed to secure his brother’s address from Senarclens, after having concealed his true designs with nothing less than a falsehood. Nevertheless his peculiar attitude aroused the suspicion of Senarclens and caused him to post letters to Juan at Neuberg designed to put the latter on his guard. Malvenda, however, succeeded in intercepting these letters and destroyed them. Hav­ ing been informed of this act, Senarclens clearly perceived the falsehood, and realizing the danger that threatened his friend, cautioned him by an express. Meeting with his brother in the neighborhood of Neuberg, Alfonso now tried every possible means to draw the apostate back into the pale of the church, but to no avail. The soothing doctrines of Luther had become too deeply rooted in his soul to be thus easily eradicated. Yielding to the prevailing Catholic principle that any course is justifiable in attaining a proper end, Alfonso now professed to be overpowered by his brother’s piety and proposed to take him to Italy, where he would be of decisive influence in the cause of the gospel.

Full of joy at this miraculous change in his brother, Juan submitted the proposal to his friends, who, however, most decidedly disadvised the jour­ ney, which they felt would be his last. Finding his present plans frustrated, Alfonso left alone for Augsburg in company with his executioner, after

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having, with tears in his eyes, exhorted his brother to constancy in pro­ fessing the true religion. Instead, however, of proceeding from thence to Rome as he had proposed to do, he returned the very next morning to Poettmes, a village lying between Augsberg and Neuburg, always accom­ panied by his inseparable satellite. After dining with a priest at this place, they purchased an axe and proceeded to a village near Neuburg called Feldkirchen, where they remained during the night—the night that was destined to be the last for the devout Juan. Yet, sudden as his fate might be, it did not find him unprepared to take his departure. With particular fervor and minute fullness he had said his evening prayer and then spent the greater part of the night in conversation on sacred matters with Senarclens, with whom he then shared his bed in the house of the local pastor. While he was yet sleeping, Alfonso with his lictor had returned to the gates of Neuburg. A lad awakened and informed him of the pres­ ence of a messenger with a letter from his brother. Throwing a mantle over his shoulders, he hastens into the opposite room to receive the letterbearer. The latter appears, introduced by the lad, whom the foreigner im­ mediately sends away to fetch a draught of water from the well, and then delivers the letter of Alfonso, who is keeping watch at the gate. Hardly has Juan approached the window to read the letter when the executioner, who has remained behind him, seizes the ax and with a single blow drives it deep into the temples of the unfortunate man. With a cry he sinks into the arms of his murderer, who in order to avoid any noise lays him gently on the floor with the ax still remaining in the wound. Hardly had the mur­ dered stolen down stairs when Senarclens passed by the staircase. What a spectacle met his astonished gaze! There lay his friend, his arms folded, looking with dimmed eyes toward heaven. For half an hour sufficient life remained to enable him with faint winks to give signs of understanding when spoken to of God, with whom he was so soon to be united.

Thus died Juan Diaz, not because he had proved himself guilty of the faintest shadow of crime, but for the one reason that he refused to renounce Christ as the only mediator and redeemer, the only sacrifice and satisfaction for his sins. Truly the death of a martyr and how different from that of his brother!

Through falsehood and crime he had hoped to send a heretic of his own blood to perdition in his blinded fanatical desire to remove an apparent stain from the name of his family, only to lose his own soul in the attempt.

The clemency of Charles V. and the connivance of the “infallible” Paul III. might give,him temporary liberty, but they failed to appease his troubled conscience. Darker and darker his crime loomed up before him till, driven to desperation like Iscariot of old, he ended his life with the hangman’s noose.

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Published monthly by the students of the Northwestern University.

EDITORIAL STAFF. EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

EDGAR GUENTHER, ’o8 BUSINESS MANAGERS.

BUSINESS MANAGER ASS’T. BUSINESS MANAGER

ERWIN E. KOWALKE, >o8 MARTIN J. WAGNER, ’o8 DEPARTMENT EDITORS.

ATHLETIC EDITOR. COLLEGE NOTES EXCHANGE EDITOR LOCAL EDITOR CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

MARTIN SCHUMACHER, ’io JOHN E. SCHAEFER, >o8 SIGMUND PROBST, >09 HERBERT SCHALLER, ’Og HENRY KOCH, >09

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EDITORIAL

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With this issue of the Black and Red—the last of Volume XI—the pres­ ent staff bids adieu to all who have considered its efforts worthy of recog­ nition. It is with a mingled feeling of relief and regret that we do so: of relief, since the retirement reduces the many duties with which it is the lot of a senior to contend; of regret, because it has been the source of some pleasure to feel the tingling of responsibility and to find one’s self gravely, though vainly, trying to create public opinion within the small circle from which we had been chosen. It has been our constant endeavor to put forth a paper that might be a worthy representative of our institution. And if the many favorable comments of our contemporaries may be taken as criteria for judging our standard, we feel justified in believing that our object has been attained. The observant reader, ’tis true may have discovered no remarkable points of superiority in the.present volume over those of our predecessors, yet even this does not necessarily indicate an absence of progress.

For some years a huge deficit has been the chief inheritance of the newly-elected staffs. This, through the tireless efforts and strict economy

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of our business manager and his assistant, we have successfully wiped out.

Thus while we may have failed to improve the Black and Red visibly, we have at least strengthened its foundation and enabled our successors, of whose competency there is not the faintest cause for doubt, to accomplish that which circumstances have denied us.

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Education should have as its. end and purpose the True Purpose culture and development of the thinking mind. Its aim of Education. should be serious thought. These expressions indeed— the thinking mind and serious thought—set forth what lies at the basis of all education and what is essential to the true idea of education of every degree. The proper design of all education is and must be to build up and build out the mind.

When the student takes his first Greek or Latin book into his hand, he tries to determine for himself the meaning of certain words which form some sentence and the relations of these words to one another. Through diligent study and the aid of rules, which are indispensable to him, he over­ comes these difficulties. But this is not the end which the worker is to have in view. He knows or must be taught that what renders the sentence worthy of study is the thought it contains and that it is only through the understanding of rules that this search is made more easy and safe. When the seeker knows the thought, he has secured the reward. The sentence which he studies and wrestles with is a little thing in itself and the thought that it contains may be but of slight importance. A thought is to be found here and there which constantly adds to his treasury and proves to him in later life a mine of intellectual wealth. Thus every sentence and every slow and individual step which the young learner takes aims to cultivate thought.

The educated man is like the educated youth, only he is farther on his way.

He has a wider vision with more thoroughly trained powers. He seeks after new thoughts as he reads, he makes them his own and thus increases his store.

The value of all the working, as well as the seeking after and finding thought, is found in the fact that it tends to the development of the power of thought in the educated man himself. He may not be a philosopher, or poet, or a statesman, or a scholar, but he is thoughtful, rich in his resources for himself and for others. This developed power of serious thought is the essence and true purpose of education. To have rich, serious thoughts—in the sense of calm, earnest thinking on any and all themes which are worthy of human thought—what blessing for the mind can be greater or contain in itself more truly the secret of the best living?

This ought to be our aim. We should not only be able to understand what we read, but also strive to make the thoughts that occur our own.

The benefits that we derive thereby we shall be able to estimate more readily in later life, if we fail to do so now.

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Having been overburdened with other work, Mr. Geweke found it impossible to send in the next install­ ment of his article in time to go to the press, but will have it in readiness for the next number.

John Schaefer, ’o8, one of the retiring members of the staff, was excused from contributing a final article. Mr. Schaefer was obliged to spend three weeks in the service of his father, during which time he found little or no opportunity to court the Muses.

Henry Koch, ’09, was recently appointed by the faculty to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Alex Sitz, ’09, our able Campus and Classroom editor.

The following are the new members of the staff who have been appointed to fill the places of the retiring seniors: Paul Bergmann, ’09; Ehrenfried Berg, To; Carl Dornfeld, To; Henry Schroeder, Ti. “Die Sclilacht bei Oriskany” in the last issue of the Black and Red was written by Theophil Mueller, To. His name was omitted by mistake.

Editor’s Notes

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COLLEGE NOTES Washington's Birthday

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Following the custom in vogue since the founding of our institution, the birthday of Washington was again observed with due ceremony at the N. W. U. Through the tireless efforts of the two literary societies, military company and band, a most successful program was rendered.

The break of day was announced in the dormitory by the band playing a lively military march. In spite of the inclemency of the weather the military company assembled before the college buildings at eight o’clock to perform the necessary preliminaries for the afternoon program. Under the strains of a march by the N. W. U. band, which had assembled on the new dormitory, three volleys were fired as a salute to him who cheerfully gave life and fortune for the welfare of our country. Though dreary and cold in the morning, the afternoon was favorably suited to an outdoor parade. At 1130 the military company, preceded by the band, marched to West Main Street, which was made the scene of the military exhibition.

The wellnigh faultless rehearsal of the various military maneuvers made the thorough training of the company manifest. To the ringing commands of Fire! six volleys were fired as a tribute to the great general and states­ man. Appropriate selections were rendered by the N. W. U. band.

In the evening the student body was agreeably entertained by the Philomathian and Lyceum literary societies in the N.' W. U. chapel'. With the co-operation of the band, orchestra and quartette the program was made the most complete and successful rendered in years. It is by this program that the proficient work of both societies can be judged. The debate was

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decided in favor of the negative side, receiving two of the three votes.

Following was the program: i.

Opening Address................................................................................

Oswald Hensel March ,... .“When the Band Plays Yankee Doodle” 2.

N. W. U. Band “George Washington” 3- Declamation Paul Kirsch “On the Move,” E. H. Bailey 4* Vocal Quartette Prof. C. Bolle, G. Westerhaus, C. Kluender, P. Geo. Zeisler .. “What America Has Done for the World” Declamation 5R. Ziesemer “Home, Sweet Home,” F. R. Goetz 6. Cornet Solo Paul Horn, N. W. U. Band Accompaniment /• Debate: “Resolved, That a high tax should be imposed upon all immigrants” Negative Side Positive Side (P. Koehler (S. P rorst !

Philomathian Lyceum...................... jlT. Kirchner | (W. P. Haas “O Hail Us Ye Free,” J. A. Parks 8. Vocal Quartette Prof. C. Bolle, G. Westerhaus, C. Kluender, P. Geo. Zeisler “Die Mutter des Kosaken,” R. Prutz 0. Declamation

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“The Old New York Frontier” M. Wagner P. Chambers fa) “Fine and Daisy” ..........Losey (b) “Alita”............

N. W. U. Orchestra

Oration

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To our great delight a change for the better has been recently made with regard to our reference room. The old book shelves, ill-suited to the new room and new furniture, have been replaced by new ones. This was done by the Ladies’ Aid Society of Rev. Machmuller’s congregation at Manitowoc.

It must also be remembered that it was this very body which, a few years previous, had furnished the same room with a beautiful set of oaken tables and chairs. With these the wood of the new shelves has been made to cor­ respond, thus making the whole a neat and comfortable room. Without doubt this will be all the more an inducement to the student thirsting for knowledge to frequent this flower-abounding meadow of a room and carry

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with him, bee-like, the precious nectar of knowledge. We are all thankful to, and shall ever be mindful of, our benefactors, the Ladies’ Aid Society of Manitowoc. > v v In this year’s “Smoker” of the Northwestern Club, held at the Plankinton House, Milwaukee, Feb. 26, the idea of having the several musical societies of our Alma Mater give a concert at Milwaukee this coming spring was taken up. After it was decided upon, a committee of ten men was appointed, of which Rev. August C. Bendler was made chairman. The committee will meet in the near future to discuss the matter fully and to decide as to the most convenient time and place. & 0 a Military Notes The Northwestern University Military company has been under the command of twelve different captains from the time of its organization by its first captain, Mr. August Schauer, in 1892 until now. They are as follows: from September, 1892. to December, 1894 Capt. August Schauer, Capt. Leonard Casper........................ from January, 1S05. to June, i»So6 Capt. Edward Fredrich ....................from September, 1896, to Tunc, iSf)7 Capt. John P. Messer..........................from September, 1897, to June, 1S0S Capt. Gerhard Hinnenthal.................from September, 1898, to Tune, 1000 Capt. Edw. W. Buerger......................from September, 1900, to June, 1901 Capt. Alfred Sauer............................ from September, 1901, to June, 100?

Capt. Richard O. Buerger...................from September, 1002. to June, 1903 from September, 1903, to June, 1905 Capt. Reinhold Breutzmann from September, 1005, to June, iqo6 Capt. Adolf Sauer...........

Capt. Henry J. Diehl........ from September, 1906, to June, 1907 Capt. Philip H. Koehler... from September, 1907, to.................

Manifold has been the success of these respective captains, some pos­ sessing the wonderful faculty of attracting the young men to their standard in great numbers, which others could not display to such a degree. It thus happened that the enrollment of each successive year differed more or less from that of the preceding season. Nevertheless, our military achievements since the organization of the first company, viewed from a military stand­ point, must be regarded as indeed successful: and if all the captains and other officers of the future will work as energetically in the interest of their cause as the present staff has done and is still doing, we may in a few years expect an enrollment of over a hundred men, and with the first full hun­ dred a government officer to drill our company down to perfection. Let this be a matter of interest to all the scholars of the lower classes. Every student ought to make it his part to win over his fellow-schoolmates, who have newly entered, or, for that matter, even such as have attended our institution for a greater length of time, to become a member of this organ­ ization and to bring the company to the above mentioned enrollment.

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ATHLETICS.

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Baseball The mid-winter months have again passed us with their usual monotony and every enthusiastic baseball player as well as every tennis player is looking forth towards the bright prospects of the coming season.

It is apparent that our manager, Edgar Guenther, has surpassed them all in the preliminary work. He succeeded in clearing the way for an un­ disputed championship title last year and he will not disappoint us this year.

Some of the games of the coming season are those with Lawrence, Marouejte, Milton. Ripon, Whitewater and Oshkosh. He spared no effort in the endeavor to arrange a game with the University of Wisconsin, but owing to the fact that the faculty has restricted their number of games this was impossible.

With the exceptions of John Nieghorn, ’07, our star left fielder, all the members of last year's team have returned. With Captain Kowalke as leader, we can predict n good team. Paul Horn, or otherwise known as the “one-handed wonder.” i« doing hard practicing. Pitcher Koehler is likewise doing excellent work. Tt is his endurance and accurate judgment that has won him the merited position on the team.

With this stock and management we begin this season with a full breeze of energy and good feeling. Come out and see them practice and don’t be a “knocker.” If we all stand by the team and the management this year as we have done in the past season, you may again see the championship flag wave over our campus.

Tennis \nother snort that has developed much during the past year is tennis.

Pnlv those who do not plav this highlv interesting and healthful game will sav that this game does not rank as high in the interest as baseball and foothall. The club has developed from fourteen to 40 members. To goad them on and 10 get some able-bodied athletes into the field, Air. R. Ernst has put up a prize “cun.'’ A. committee has been appointed bv the chair to arrange a schedule. The games will begin as soon as the weather permits and will continue to the end of this school year.

The already excellent courts are to be improved. Also a new fencing is going to be put up by the enthusiasts. At the close of the last school year the following officers were elected: President. Edwin Grumvnld; vice-president, Arnold Sprehn; secretary and treasurer. Leonard Zeisler. The club has elected three capable men and no doubt they will do everything to make tennis a standard at our institution.

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THE BLACK AND RED

0\ir Contemporaries

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When in its “Editorial Annex” the Newberry Stylus jestingly states, “Read the leading magazines, the Century, Scribner’s and The Stylus”, we do not think that the editor has greatly overestimated the staff’s capabilities.

In many respects The Stylus is more than a modern magazine. It possesses some of the best qualities of a magazine, retaining at the same time those of an ideal college paper. Every article shows a marked displayal of dis­ cretion and mature thought, characteristics which can only be attributed to a proficient and discreet staff. The mode of treating the subject, “Resolved, that Hamlet was insane,” in debate form is novel and worthy of imitation.

“How They Met” and “The Hazer’s Victim” are characterized throughout by clear thought and definiteness. Original and genuine, we classify them among those articles which can only tend to raise the standard of your paper.

Though almost faultless as regards literary matter, an occasional cut would greatly improve the Erskinian. The department “Current Events” deserves special mention and is conducted in a wellnigh inimitable manner.

The articles are well chosen and clearly put up. The author of “The Bul­ wark of Our Nation” could not have selected a happier title for his article.

By citing authentic examples analagous to our own situation, the author suc­ ceeds in proving the fact that the future welfare of our nation depends wholly upon the Christian religion. The immorality, lewdness, debauchery and corruption of the Romans he justly attributes to their unsound religious principles, their stubborn infidelity and skepticism. We are at present in precisely the same predicament as were the Romans at the height of their omnipotency. It is for us to decide whether we will accept the Christian religion, “live through coming ages and stand like a firm rock of the ocean whenever the seas of earthly passions shall be hurled against it,” or repu­ diate Christianity, “the fatal error of the Romans,” and see our nation, still unblemished and uncorrupted, pursue the course of certain destruction.

The plot of “The Diamond with a Hole in It” is very unique, which adds greatly to the interest of the story.

We are glad to note that the Argosy, though still in its infancy, shows a marked improvement with every issue. Though your editorials savor strongly of insipidity, your literary department contains some good articles, But, Almond Argosy, judging from your first article, you are guilty of one of two transgressions: Either your proof-reading is done in a hurry-gohappv manner, or a rudimentary rule of English grammar, that a Verb agrees with its subject in person and member, has escaped your memory.

Since it would be unjust and unscrupulous to charge you with the latter de­ linquency, we must accuse you of the former negligence. We strongly recommend the insertion of an exchange column.

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LOCALS

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—Adolf Pankow, ’09, resumed his studies Feb. 14.

—Cornelius Bittner, prep., went to Milwaukee on Feb. 23 to undergo an operation.

—A. Tevler attended a funeral at Menomonie, Feb. 18.

—'/• Twin entertained nine young ladies on the ice near Pipersville, Feb. 23.

—M. Wagner, ’08, Ph. Lehman, ’10, and W. Zutz, ’ll, made a trip to Cooney on Feb. 29.

—Mr. Louis Guenterberg from Hustisford visited his son Reinhold, prep., March 17.

—A crowd, consisting of college boys, skated to Pipersville, March 8.

—On March rr, G. Westerhaus, ’08, and Martin Wagner, ’08, betook them­ selves to the village of Ixonia to call bn John Winter. Whether they found the latter at home or whether they had to satisfy their keen appetite at another place, could not be extracted from them.

—Paul Peters, ’00, went to Milwaukee, March 11, whence he hied himself home, thence to betake himself back to college on March 15.

—William Wadzinski, ’09, was a welcomed caller at St. Mary’s Hospital, March iS, the nurses at that place being rather accommodating.

—H. Zutz, 'ii, and Ph. Lehman, ’10, partook of Mr. John Winter’s hospi­ tality on March 15.

—The other ]/2 Twin and M. Haase, ’11, visited Mr. August Jaeger, near Ixonia, March 15.

—Adam Peterman, ’09. and O. Hohenstein, ’10, were entertained Sunday evening, March 15, bv a friend of the former, residing on College avenue.

—Several inmates of Room 50 received a pleasant call from Miss Sirg on March 20.

—Paul Braemer, ’it, was home at Fort Atkinson, March 14.

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CAMPUS AND CLASSROOM

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—Fasts!

—Korn-Kinks!

—Canaries!

—Painted sparrows!

—Primaner: Es wird’en bischen warm.

—Sm-lly (while reciting in algebra recitation) : I first illuminated (elim­ inated) the "y” —Caesar advises everybody not to eat hard-boiled eggs. He says there is too much aluminum (albumen) in them.

—Yip! Turn on the light, I can’t hear.

—Professor: What do you call the power in the electric light ?

Bub: Horsepower.

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THE BLACK AND RED.

—Hank: D-hlm-nn! Which is correct, “der Frau” or “die Frau?”

D-hlm-nn (tyro in German): Das Frau.

—Student to Prof.: Did you say the sea was composed of liquid water ?

—Happy (seeing someone taking exercise): Are you taking physical agriculture ?

—Prof.: What is the English word for “Lager ?”

Thrun: Lagerbier.

—Petri (entering the room with a sour face) : I wish I was born wise instead of good looking —Bones: M-r-hn, can you sew a hole in my pants ? M-r-hn: I can’t sew a hole.

—D-lly (butting in somewhere) : Metonomy is a saxophone.

—Gallus (in Physical Geography recitation): Will that vacuum in the barometer burn?

—Where does' P. H. get his big smile from? We are afraid that he will crack his lip, if he does not desist. Then he cannot toot his H-rn any more.

—Br-ss-1: Come here, I want to tell (ask) you a question?

—y2 Twin says, he can sleep better, because he believes the earth is flat. If otherwise, he would always be afraid of rolling off. He tells us that this is the reason, why he is never troubled with insomnia. He puts great stress on it that he saves many doctor bills thereby.

—Bill L.: If we get the smallpox, we’ll be guaranteed (quarantined).

—Rh-d- (seeing a window broken in his room): Fenster ist ein Lehnwort.

I wonder who “lehned” (leaned) against our window.

—Prof, to Pamperin: Mr. Kilometer, how many Pamperins arc there in a liter?

—Bones: , The Lake Forest baseball players have an automatic baseball bat.

There will be no show for our boys this year.

—Some bright head has suggested the following as a class motto for the seniors: Immer drauf, schief geht’s doch.

—Prof.: Guter Hass.

Sch-n-cke: Das ist ein Oxymoron.

—Prof.: What is an hexameter?

Klemv: A triangle with three squares.

—Prof.: Er reiste nach Ephesus, wo er drei Jahre lang predigte Symmachos: I wouldn’t want to listen to that sermon.

—Albr-cht: Say, that watch is going awfully slow, its trigger is hardly moving.

—Thr-n: Is there faculty meeting this afternoon?

W-rn: I don’t know, I don’t belong to it yet.

—Prof.: Wie heisst der Dativ von Cicero?

T-ck (prompted wrong) : Kikeriki.

—Prof.: What is a banana called in German ?

Student: Ein gelbes Horn.

—Prof.: How was music formerly written?

Tetzy: In prose. ...

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—Prof.: What is a banana called in German ?

—Inch: (translating fervor accessit capiti) : Der Weindunst stieg ihm in’s Kapitol.

—Bones: I bought a pair of Boston bloomer peg-tops.

—Prof.: How would we now express the phrase “he was mistaken?”

Inch: He was a mistake.

—It is reported from authentic sources that Tubby will have to undergo an operation. He has a growth on his upper lip. Its cause is ascribed to poetic aspirations. We advise him to desist from such vile practices and settle down to more sensible subjects.

—Why does a blush creep up a lady’s cheek ? Because if it ran up, it would raise too much dust.—Ex. —Heard in the hallway: Do the Juniors study athletic (analytic) geometry?

—Sext.: I have a wonderful toothache.

—Hank Zei (quoting Comus): I had not thought to have my lips un­ locked in this unhallowed air.

—A new discovery by Eek. Besides the well known illness of swellhead he has discovered that the feet also swell. He states that this disease is very disagreeable to persons associating with the afflicted party and that it af­ fects their olfactory nerves considerably. For further elucidations on this topic apply to Eek personally.

—Pator loci has taken the north star as a guide by night and a short cut across the football field by day. What can be his reasons?

—Shu ft II. to his brother: Give me four cents for stamps? Shuft I.: If you don’t keep your five senses together, I’ll have to tend to you.

—Sext. to V> Twin: What is “happy?” Twin (in a sanguine mood): “Happy” is a female adverb of space.

—When Mooney lately visited Oconomowoc, he met a lad selling puppies.

During a rather lengthy conversation they came to speak of their native states. Mooney was proud to call Nebraska his native home, out of which the lad naturally took that he was a strong Bryan advocate. With a ma­ jestic air Mooney inquired whether the puppies were Democrats. The lad said that they were. A few days later Mooney came through the same place and met the lad again. This time assuming the air of a re­ publican. he inquired whether the puppies were Republicans. The lad replied in the affirmative. At this answer Mooney was somewhat vexed and at last said: A few days ago you told me they were Democrats, how do you account for that? The lad replied: Yes, then they had their eyes covered, now they have them open. This affair has vexed Mooney so that he is on the verge of despair. He does not know whether he shall remain a Bryan advocate or adopt the policies of the Republicans.

—Lost, strayed or stolen, between dawn and dusk, a Sextaner in quest of a package of Malta-Vita tobacco. Was seen successively at the corner store," H-rr-’s, J. & G., J. E. H.~mann, Stall~n, and C--ly & C. When last seen he was headed for the West Side Grocery, still minus the to­ bacco. A liberal reward will be given for any information leading to his whereabouts. O sancta Simplicitas!

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Shoes for Men

are built on normal lasts that conform to the natural shape of the feet, allow free play to all the bones and muscles, and afford pro­ tection from injury.

FOR SALE BY

WM. GORDER CO. 606 and 608 Main St.

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DR. E. J. HOERMANN :

DENTIST

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Watertown, Wisconsin

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W. D. SPROESSER & CO. JEWELERS

PIANOS AND ORGANS Telephone No. 259-y

213 Main Street WATERTOWN, WISCONSIN

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LIEDTKE

FANCY AND STAPLE GROCERIES Fruits, Cigars and Tobacco

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The Most Complete Line of

PIES, CAKES, Etc in the city at

20c PER POUND —0—

WM, KRAMER 114 W. Main and 210 North Second Tel. 155-x snd 641

212 West Main Opposite Public Library

GAME’S CORNER GRUB STORE Main and First Streets

ST:OT TH E B E S T

Headquarters for Souvenir Posta.1 Cards Drugs, Medicines, Toilet Soaps, Cigars and Tobacco Prescriptions a Specialty

<>LU ET-jf AN D NARROW-COLLARS

A CALL WILL TELL YOU ALL ABOUT OUR

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Spring Styles in ^ Stylish Shoes 1 Etc.

ICE CREAM, HIGH GRADE CHOCOLATES AND PAN CANDIES

Stubbs Shoe Store

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RADTKE & SON,

Fine Repairing

Watertown, Wis.

107 WEST MAIN STREET.

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IF YOU WANT FIRST-CLASS AND SATISFACTORY

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Olaieriown Pboto Co., CONNER GALLERY Special Rates made to Students.

TheNewSpringHats FOR MEN ARE IN

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All the New Shapes and Colors in Stiff and Soft Hats. A splen­ did line. In two grades.

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The Emko, $2.00 The Mora, $3.00

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The Largest Assortments of

Pocket Knives, Razors, Razor Straps, Shaving Brushes, Sporting Goods To Be Had in the City.

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D. & F. KUSEL CO. DR. T. F. SHINNICK Offco Hours. 9 to 11 «. m. 2 to 4 and 7 to 8 p. m.

Office 115 MAIN Phone S9-x Residence, 208 N. 5th St. Phone 273-x.

SHABBY CLOTHES <• Dyed at the Milwaukee Nov­ elty Dye works look like new

New Method Laundry HAS THE AGENCY 218 First Street

Base Ball Supplies Foot Ball Supplies Tennis Goods Croquet Sets Boxing Gloves Punching Bags

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WM. G. PRiTZLAFF 8 CO. 307 Main St.,

Watertown

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Indian Clubs Dumb Bells Lawn Swings Hammocks Fishing Tackle Guns and Ammunition

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6. fierro $ Son 210 Main Street.

The August Gamm

Crockery and Glassware Go. Cor. Main and N. Fourth Sts.

Watertown, Wis.

Jos. Salick & Son Jewelers and Opticians

The Largest Assortment of

Special Attention is given to testing Eyes and Fitting of Glasses.

plies at

BASE BALL AND SPORTING GOODS

HodacKs and Photographic Sup­ KNICK BROS. M5 Third St.

Watertown, Wis.

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Watertown. Wis.

F. W. KURZWEG DEALER IN

Fine Boots, Shoes and Rubbers Greatest Cigar Values s Money

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We Try to Give Satisfaction.

Modern Flora 10c—Latest Out 5c

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A Good Pair Thsvt’s Htsrd to Boat

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BIBLES, SONG BOOKS, CHURCH GOODS IN GENERAL. School Supplies a Specialty.

•409 Main Street.

A. Wiggenhorn 6* Son JEWELERS Official Watch Inspector for the C.,M. & St. P. Ry. Co. Watertown, Wisconsin

JPECKE $ GW DEALERS IN

Fruits t Staple and Fancy Groceries.

All sroods delivered promptly to all part9 of the city free of charge.

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For Style,, fit and Economy Wear

Leo Ruesch’s Shoes

WE ARE RECEIVING : shipments every day of new goods in every department for Spring 1908. x In

210 MAIN STREET. Mens*

H. C. REICHERT TEACHER. OF

Violin, Piano and Harmony Studio 109 Main St. Third Floor, Above Hertel & Hoffmanns Clothing Store E. G. KECK & CO.

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Watertown’s Big Furniture Store 110-112 Main Street Watertown, Wisconsin

For the best Photos GO TO

Jit tUright’s Ground floor Gallery, REMEMBER quality remains after price is forgotten.

Young Mens'

SUITS

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\ we will show certain ex­ clusive patterns and styles designed especially for us.

These will have all the the ear-marks of newness such as dip-front coat and vest peg-top trousers with three and one half inch turn-up bottom in all the latest shades of Tans and Ele­ phant brown. In our Hat department we will show some very extreme college shapes. Our styles for the Spring of 1908 will excell anything we have here-tofore shown. Do not fail to look us over.

WEGEMANN, FABER-KAERCHER CO. Watertown,

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established t$$4

Bank of Watertown Capital, $100,000 MERCHANT lO CE.NT CIGAR AND

LEAD

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ALL.

105 Main St. Watertown, Wis. A large and varied line of

Easter Postal Is S

AT

Eberle’s Drug Store 204 Main Street

SEAGER’S

Oarbcr Shop and IJatb Booms 108 MAIN STREET

J. C. SEAGER. Prop.

FRUITS OF ALL KINDS IN SEASON. COOD THINGT TO EAT Special Prices on Oranges a.t Present.

Special prices on Oranges at present.

JOHN E. HEISMANN 116 Main Street. ’Phone 62.

Ben H.Rieck new East end BarberSbep Gorder Block.

PROPRIETOR OF THE

StudentsI 5 Haircuts for $1.00 604 Main Street WATERTOWN,

FRED W. GAMM, WATERTOWN, WIS.

Schlueter Bros'.

ARC

Insure jour buildings and contents in good strong companies, repre­ sented by

WISCONSIN.

Nowack & Kohls DEALXK IN

All Kinds ....of....

RURINITURE !

Vndarta-kers and Embalmo»*s

007*609 Main St.

Watertewn, Wis.

Do Von Want

A GOOD JOG? The Daily Leader JOB DEPARTMENT Can give you such. We are prepared at all times to fur­ nish estimates on Letter Heads Envelopes Bill Heads Statements Folders Hangers Announcements, Etc,

’Phone No. 310-x

CbeDailyCeader 108 riain Street

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Economical Value of“R&W” Clothes «* CHEERFUL 9 9 CLOTHES,

made by Rosenwald & Weil, Chicago are beyond doubt the best apparel made and sold today.

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THE LEADING MERCHANTS everywhere are “R & W” agents which means tliat many of the best dressers in this hemisphere I buy “R&W” suits.

WE HAVE EXAMINED THEM thoroughly—style, fit, tailoring, fabrics and pronounce them wor­ thy of the most exacting men.

AT OUR PRICES THEY ARE a substantial saving whether you have paid more or less. In the first case, you get better value; in the second, double service and more satisfaction.

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Copyright, 1903, Rosenwald& Weil,Chi

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THE C. G. CONN CO. WONDER

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BAND ORCHESTRA AND SOLO INSTRUMENTS

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Are Unrivalled for TONE, TUNE ACTION, MODELS, MECHANISM, and have the Endorsement of the Great Bandmasters and Musical artists of the world. The only Perfect Instruments made for either Professional or Amateur Players. They meet the most exacting requirements.

For Illustrated Catalogue giving description of instru­ ments, with prices and terms of payment, address

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C. G. CONN COMPANY, Elkhart, Ind. COLLEGE AND CLASS PENANTS Made to order in special designs.

Prices quitted upon request.

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QUIN SPORTING GOODS CO. Milwaukee, Wls.

...MAKERS OF...

|902§| Felt Pennants $3 per doz. and up Send tor free 28 page illustrated circu­ lar of Novelties for schools a ltd cadets, including American flags. Banners, Belt Buckles. Military Books, Brigade Rifles, Button Holders, Clothing Hangers, Fry­ ing Pan Clocks, Cravat Pins, Cuff But­ tons, Penants, Hat Pins, Jerseys. Sweat­ ers. Tights, Fountain Pens. Trouser Stretciiers.’Varsity Flags,Watch Fobs, etc The Pettibone Bros. Mftf. Com’y Mfg’s. of Uniforms, Military and Secret Society Supplies, Cincinnati, 0.

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FINE ATHLETIC AND SPORTING GOODS Special Discounts to Schools and Colleges.

Write for Catalog.

THE BESTand CHEAPEST HOUSE jj*g"** "uiLoi^tes ^OUR | LtU5TRATEO cataloo°5

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„ . ^^KnjsTcAUNSTRUMEirrsf Rrf yjft "^forBAHD&ORCHESTRA I I ILL Satisfaction Cuarantcco or homey rxfundcd J.WPEPPER8^&L0CUSTSI? PHILADA.PA

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